glycan_entity	glycan_entity_change	glycoprotein_entity_name	glycoprotein_gene_name	glycoprotein_mapped	glycoenzyme_entity_name	glycoenzyme_gene_name	glycoenzyme_mapped	biomarker_role	disease_name	disease_mapped	medical_intervention	organism	specimen_type	specimen_mapped	pmid	sentence_in_abstract
α2,6 sialylated N-glycans	increased level				ST6GAL1		Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human|beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase	diagnostic|prognostic|response	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms	sialyltransferase inhibitor P-3F<sub>AX</sub> -Neu5Ac	Humans	prostate cancer tissue|plasma	Prostatic Neoplasms|	37550801	A common change in tumour cell glycosylation is an increase in α2,6 sialylation of N-glycans, a modification driven by the sialyltransferase ST6GAL1.
glycans	altered level							risk|monitoring	Cardiovascular disease	Cardiovascular Diseases	anti-inflammatory therapies	Humans		Humans	34495542	These studies have found significant associations of glycans as biomarkers of systemic inflammation and major CVD risk factors and events.
glycans	altered level							monitoring	chronic inflammatory diseases		changes in lifestyle	Humans		Humans	34495542	While more limited, studies have also shown that glycans may be useful for monitoring response to anti-inflammatory therapies and may be responsive to changes in lifestyle, particularly in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases.
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic|risk	type 2 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans		Humans	34495541	For instance, it has been shown that N-glycome changes in patients with type 2 diabetes and that N-glycans can even identify individuals with an increased risk for its development.
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	type 1 diabetes			Humans		Humans	34495541	Moreover, genome-wide association studies identified glycosyltransferase genes as candidate causal genes for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	type 2 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans		Humans	34495541	Moreover, genome-wide association studies identified glycosyltransferase genes as candidate causal genes for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
	undetermined														26036234	
N-glycans	altered level	serum proteins		Biomarkers, Tumor				diagnostic	cirrhosis			Humans	serum		35925813	Using the biomarker data model allows the capture of granular information, such as glycans with different levels of abundance in cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and transplant groups.
N-glycans	altered level	serum proteins		Biomarkers, Tumor				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		35925813	Using the biomarker data model allows the capture of granular information, such as glycans with different levels of abundance in cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and transplant groups.
N-glycans	altered level	serum proteins		Biomarkers, Tumor				diagnostic	transplant groups			Humans	serum		35925813	Using the biomarker data model allows the capture of granular information, such as glycans with different levels of abundance in cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and transplant groups.
IgG glycosylation	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				risk|prognostic	autoimmune diseases	Autoimmune Diseases		Humans	serum		34687018	Changes in immunoglobulin G (IgG) glycosylation pattern have been observed in a vast array of auto- and alloimmune, infectious, cardiometabolic, malignant, and other diseases.
IgG glycosylation	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				risk|prognostic	alloimmune diseases			Humans	serum		34687018	Changes in immunoglobulin G (IgG) glycosylation pattern have been observed in a vast array of auto- and alloimmune, infectious, cardiometabolic, malignant, and other diseases.
IgG glycosylation	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				risk|prognostic	infectious diseases			Humans	serum		34687018	Changes in immunoglobulin G (IgG) glycosylation pattern have been observed in a vast array of auto- and alloimmune, infectious, cardiometabolic, malignant, and other diseases.
IgG glycosylation	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				risk|prognostic	cardiometabolic diseases			Humans	serum		34687018	Changes in immunoglobulin G (IgG) glycosylation pattern have been observed in a vast array of auto- and alloimmune, infectious, cardiometabolic, malignant, and other diseases.
IgG glycosylation	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				risk|prognostic	malignant diseases			Humans	serum		34687018	Changes in immunoglobulin G (IgG) glycosylation pattern have been observed in a vast array of auto- and alloimmune, infectious, cardiometabolic, malignant, and other diseases.
GP20	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				predictive	esophageal squamous cell carcinoma	Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma		Humans		Humans	36999031	The adjusted OR of GP20 (digalactosylated monosialylated biantennary with core and antennary fucose), IGP33 (the ratio of all fucosylated monosyalilated and disialylated structures), IGP44 (the proportion of high mannose glycan structures in total neutral IgG glycans), IGP58 (the percentage of all fucosylated structures in total neutral IgG glycans), IGP75 (the incidence of bisecting GlcNAc in all fucosylated digalactosylated structures in total neutral IgG glycans), and the glycan score are 4.03 (95% CI: 3.03-5.36, P<0.001), 0.69 (95% CI: 0.55-0.87, P<0.001), 0.56 (95% CI: 0.45-0.69, P<0.001), 0.52 (95% CI: 0.41-0.65, P<0.001), 7.17 (95% CI: 4.77-10.79, P<0.001), and 2.86 (95% CI: 2.33-3.53, P<0.001), respectively.
IGP33	decreased ratio	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				predictive	esophageal squamous cell carcinoma	Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma		Humans		Humans	36999031	The adjusted OR of GP20 (digalactosylated monosialylated biantennary with core and antennary fucose), IGP33 (the ratio of all fucosylated monosyalilated and disialylated structures), IGP44 (the proportion of high mannose glycan structures in total neutral IgG glycans), IGP58 (the percentage of all fucosylated structures in total neutral IgG glycans), IGP75 (the incidence of bisecting GlcNAc in all fucosylated digalactosylated structures in total neutral IgG glycans), and the glycan score are 4.03 (95% CI: 3.03-5.36, P<0.001), 0.69 (95% CI: 0.55-0.87, P<0.001), 0.56 (95% CI: 0.45-0.69, P<0.001), 0.52 (95% CI: 0.41-0.65, P<0.001), 7.17 (95% CI: 4.77-10.79, P<0.001), and 2.86 (95% CI: 2.33-3.53, P<0.001), respectively.
IGP44	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				predictive	esophageal squamous cell carcinoma	Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma		Humans		Humans	36999031	The adjusted OR of GP20 (digalactosylated monosialylated biantennary with core and antennary fucose), IGP33 (the ratio of all fucosylated monosyalilated and disialylated structures), IGP44 (the proportion of high mannose glycan structures in total neutral IgG glycans), IGP58 (the percentage of all fucosylated structures in total neutral IgG glycans), IGP75 (the incidence of bisecting GlcNAc in all fucosylated digalactosylated structures in total neutral IgG glycans), and the glycan score are 4.03 (95% CI: 3.03-5.36, P<0.001), 0.69 (95% CI: 0.55-0.87, P<0.001), 0.56 (95% CI: 0.45-0.69, P<0.001), 0.52 (95% CI: 0.41-0.65, P<0.001), 7.17 (95% CI: 4.77-10.79, P<0.001), and 2.86 (95% CI: 2.33-3.53, P<0.001), respectively.
IGP58	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				predictive	esophageal squamous cell carcinoma	Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma		Humans		Humans	36999031	The adjusted OR of GP20 (digalactosylated monosialylated biantennary with core and antennary fucose), IGP33 (the ratio of all fucosylated monosyalilated and disialylated structures), IGP44 (the proportion of high mannose glycan structures in total neutral IgG glycans), IGP58 (the percentage of all fucosylated structures in total neutral IgG glycans), IGP75 (the incidence of bisecting GlcNAc in all fucosylated digalactosylated structures in total neutral IgG glycans), and the glycan score are 4.03 (95% CI: 3.03-5.36, P<0.001), 0.69 (95% CI: 0.55-0.87, P<0.001), 0.56 (95% CI: 0.45-0.69, P<0.001), 0.52 (95% CI: 0.41-0.65, P<0.001), 7.17 (95% CI: 4.77-10.79, P<0.001), and 2.86 (95% CI: 2.33-3.53, P<0.001), respectively.
IGP75	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				predictive	esophageal squamous cell carcinoma	Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma		Humans		Humans	36999031	The adjusted OR of GP20 (digalactosylated monosialylated biantennary with core and antennary fucose), IGP33 (the ratio of all fucosylated monosyalilated and disialylated structures), IGP44 (the proportion of high mannose glycan structures in total neutral IgG glycans), IGP58 (the percentage of all fucosylated structures in total neutral IgG glycans), IGP75 (the incidence of bisecting GlcNAc in all fucosylated digalactosylated structures in total neutral IgG glycans), and the glycan score are 4.03 (95% CI: 3.03-5.36, P<0.001), 0.69 (95% CI: 0.55-0.87, P<0.001), 0.56 (95% CI: 0.45-0.69, P<0.001), 0.52 (95% CI: 0.41-0.65, P<0.001), 7.17 (95% CI: 4.77-10.79, P<0.001), and 2.86 (95% CI: 2.33-3.53, P<0.001), respectively.
glycans	undetermined							diagnostic|prognostic|predictive	Prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	exosomes	Exosomes	30451032	This review details the potential of glycans-based biomarkers to become diagnostic, prognostic, predictive and therapeutic PCa biomarkers with a brief description of the innovative approaches applied to glycan analysis to date.
glycans	undetermined							monitoring	Prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans			30451032	The summary provided in this review paper suggests that glycan-based biomarkers can offer high-assay accuracy not only for diagnostic purposes but also for monitoring/surveillance of the PCa disease.
glycans	undetermined			Polysaccharides				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans		Humans	37767873	How glycomic studies can impact on prostate cancer.
α1,3-fucosylation	decreased level	mesoderm-specific transcript			fucosyltransferase IV		FUT4 protein, human|Fucosyltransferases	diagnostic	pregnancy failure		infertility treatment	Humans	villus tissues		37798282	By Lectin array, we discovered the decreased α1,3-fucosylation, especially difucosylated Lewis Y (LeY) glycan, in the villus tissues of miscarriage patients when compared with normal pregnancy women.
difucosylated Lewis Y (LeY) glycan	decreased level	mesoderm-specific transcript			fucosyltransferase IV		FUT4 protein, human|Fucosyltransferases	diagnostic	pregnancy failure		infertility treatment	Humans	villus tissues		37798282	By Lectin array, we discovered the decreased α1,3-fucosylation, especially difucosylated Lewis Y (LeY) glycan, in the villus tissues of miscarriage patients when compared with normal pregnancy women.
N-linked glycosylation	undetermined							diagnostic	Congenital disorders of glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		Humans	Brain abnormalities	Brain abnormalities	36255677	Then, the occurrence of various neurological constellation of abnormalities (for example: epilepsy, brain anomalies on neuroimaging, ataxia, stroke-like episodes, autistic features) in different CDG types are discussed followed by data on possible biomarkers and limited treatment options.
O-linked glycosylation	undetermined							diagnostic	Congenital disorders of glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		Humans	Brain abnormalities	Brain abnormalities	36255677	Then, the occurrence of various neurological constellation of abnormalities (for example: epilepsy, brain anomalies on neuroimaging, ataxia, stroke-like episodes, autistic features) in different CDG types are discussed followed by data on possible biomarkers and limited treatment options.
Core 1	acquisition of structure	mucin		Mucins								eukaryotic cells			31500407	We find that the extension of the immature α-GalNAc Tn-antigen to Core 1 and Core 2 glycan structures depends on the underlying peptide backbone sequence.
Core 2	acquisition of structure	mucin		Mucins								eukaryotic cells			31500407	We find that the extension of the immature α-GalNAc Tn-antigen to Core 1 and Core 2 glycan structures depends on the underlying peptide backbone sequence.
fucosylation	decreased level							prognostic|risk	COVID-19	COVID-19		Humans	plasma		37342334	Specifically, levels of fucosylation and galactosylation decreased with increasing severity and Fuc1Hex5HexNAc5 was identified as the most suitable biomarker to stratify patients at diagnosis and distinguish mild from critical outcomes.
galactosylation	decreased level							prognostic|risk	COVID-19	COVID-19		Humans	plasma		37342334	Specifically, levels of fucosylation and galactosylation decreased with increasing severity and Fuc1Hex5HexNAc5 was identified as the most suitable biomarker to stratify patients at diagnosis and distinguish mild from critical outcomes.
Fuc1Hex5HexNAc5	decreased level							prognostic|risk	COVID-19	COVID-19		Humans	plasma		37342334	Specifically, levels of fucosylation and galactosylation decreased with increasing severity and Fuc1Hex5HexNAc5 was identified as the most suitable biomarker to stratify patients at diagnosis and distinguish mild from critical outcomes.
fucosylation on IgG1	altered level	IgG1		Immunoglobulin G				risk	latent tuberculosis	Latent Tuberculosis		Humans	blood	Humans	38309308	Additional glycosylation features at higher prevalence in LTBI individuals with high expression of the IFN-risk signature prior to treatment included fucosylation on IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3.
fucosylation on IgG2	altered level	IgG2		Immunoglobulin G				risk	latent tuberculosis	Latent Tuberculosis		Humans	blood	Humans	38309308	Additional glycosylation features at higher prevalence in LTBI individuals with high expression of the IFN-risk signature prior to treatment included fucosylation on IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3.
fucosylation on IgG3	altered level	IgG3		Immunoglobulin G				risk	latent tuberculosis	Latent Tuberculosis		Humans	blood	Humans	38309308	Additional glycosylation features at higher prevalence in LTBI individuals with high expression of the IFN-risk signature prior to treatment included fucosylation on IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3.
fucosylated glycan	altered level	PD-1		Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor				diagnostic	non-small-cell lung cancer	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung		Humans	blood		38176728	We then provide evidence that the concentration of fucosylated PD-1 in the blood of non-small-cell lung cancer patients varies across different stages of disease.
mucin 1	altered level	mucin 1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	serum		34423573	Detection of mucin 1 and mucin 16 glycosylation with wheat germ agglutinin, and detection of the extracellular vesicle-associated CD63 were found to have better diagnostic ability for localized breast cancer than the conventional assays for mucin 1 and mucin 16 based tumor markers when the receiver operating characteristics were compared.
mucin 16	altered level	mucin 16		CA-125 Antigen				diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	serum		34423573	Detection of mucin 1 and mucin 16 glycosylation with wheat germ agglutinin, and detection of the extracellular vesicle-associated CD63 were found to have better diagnostic ability for localized breast cancer than the conventional assays for mucin 1 and mucin 16 based tumor markers when the receiver operating characteristics were compared.
	undetermined								Liver Cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis	Liver Transplantation	Humans		Humans	33111474	
	undetermined							diagnostic	ocular allergy			Humans	Tears	Humans|Tears	33825208	Glycomics in tears: seeking for new biomarkers for ocular allergy diagnosis.
site-specific glycoforms	altered level	Carcinoembryonic antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen				diagnostic|prognostic	colorectal cancers			Humans	plasma		37820924	Differential site-specific glycoforms of plasma CEA were observed in patients with colorectal cancers (CRCs) and lung cancer.
site-specific glycoforms	altered level	Carcinoembryonic antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen				diagnostic|prognostic	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		37820924	Differential site-specific glycoforms of plasma CEA were observed in patients with colorectal cancers (CRCs) and lung cancer.
apoC-III0a	increased level	apolipoprotein C-III						diagnostic	COG5-CDG			Humans	serum		28444691	When compared with age-matched controls, COG5-CDG showed a significant increase of apoC-III0a (aglycosylated glycoform), whereas apoC-III1 (mono-sialylated glycoform) decreased significantly.
apoC-III1	decreased level	apolipoprotein C-III						diagnostic	COG5-CDG			Humans	serum		28444691	When compared with age-matched controls, COG5-CDG showed a significant increase of apoC-III0a (aglycosylated glycoform), whereas apoC-III1 (mono-sialylated glycoform) decreased significantly.
undersialylated and undergalactosylated biantennary and triantennary glycans	altered level							diagnostic	COG5-CDG			Humans	serum		28444691	Serum N-glycome of COG5-CDG patients was characterized by the relative abundance of undersialylated and undergalactosylated biantennary and triantennary glycans as well as slight increase of high-mannose structures and hybrid glycans.
high-mannose structures and hybrid glycans	increased level							diagnostic	COG5-CDG			Humans	serum		28444691	Serum N-glycome of COG5-CDG patients was characterized by the relative abundance of undersialylated and undergalactosylated biantennary and triantennary glycans as well as slight increase of high-mannose structures and hybrid glycans.
N-glycan	altered level							predictive|prognostic	inflammatory bowel disease	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases	biologics or surgery	Humans	serum		36694402	We investigated a composite serum N-glycomic biomarker to predict future disease course in a discovery cohort of 244 newly diagnosed IBD patients.
N-glycan	undetermined							diagnostic	disease			Human	blood plasma	Humans	34611874	There is increasing interest in the scientific community to identify potential glycan biomarkers or glycan features that are indicative of disease, and in particular disease at an early stage.
glycan	altered level							diagnostic|prognostic	cancer			human			33404348	Since the alterations on the glycan compositions or/and structures (i.e., glycosylation, sialylation, and fucosylation) are common features of tumorigenesis, glycomics becomes an emerging field examining the structure and function of glycans.
glycan	altered level							diagnostic|prognostic	cancer			human			33404348	Therefore, studying glycans holds great potential for better diagnostic markers as well as developing more efficient treatment strategies in human cancers.
N-glycans	altered level	viral envelope glycoproteins		CD163 Antigen					Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome	Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome		Swine	Cell Line	Cell Line	38776134	Our results showed that removal or alteration of N-glycans from PRRSV affected virus infection.
complex N-glycans	acquisition of structure	viral envelope glycoproteins		CD163 Antigen					Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome	Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome		Swine	Cell Line	Cell Line	38776134	Specifically, we found that complex N-glycans are required for an efficient infection in cell cultures.
high mannose type glycans	acquisition of structure	viral envelope glycoproteins		CD163 Antigen					Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome	Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome		Swine	Cell Line	Cell Line	38776134	Furthermore, we found that presence of high mannose type glycans on PRRSV surface is the minimal requirement for a productive viral infection.
mucin-type O-glycosylation	altered level				polypeptide GalNAc-transferases		GALNT|GalNAc-T		cancers			humans		Humans	32681163	The abnormal expression of various polypeptide GalNAc-transferases (GalNAc-Ts) which initiate and define sites of O-glycosylation are linked to many cancers and other diseases.
mucin-type O-glycosylation	altered level				polypeptide GalNAc-transferases		GALNT|GalNAc-T		other diseases			humans		Humans	32681163	The abnormal expression of various polypeptide GalNAc-transferases (GalNAc-Ts) which initiate and define sites of O-glycosylation are linked to many cancers and other diseases.
N-glycans	altered level	EG2-hFc|rituximab|polyclonal antibodies|total glycoproteins		Antibodies, Monoclonal|Antibodies, Monoclonal|Antibodies, Monoclonal|Glycoproteins				diagnostic	clinical disease			Human|Chinese Hamster Ovary cells	serum|CHO cells	Humans|CHO Cells	33891963	This improved technology provides a powerful tool in support of rapid advancement of glycan analysis for biopharmaceutical development and biomarker discovery for clinical disease diagnosis.
α-2,6 sialic acid	altered level	free prostate specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic|prognostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans		Humans	27767199	PSA is routinely used as a biomarker of prostate cancer (PCa) and the glycosylation status of PSA is a more specific marker of disease progress than only the PSA level.
sialyllactose	increased level							diagnostic	gastric cancer			Humans	urine		33135073	Representative structures of glycans with elevated levels in cancer patients included the following: small glycans related to sialyllactose; sialyl Lewis X; lactose- and N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) type-II-core glycans with LacNAc (type-I or II)-extensions and modifications of α1,3/4-fucose and/or 6-sulfate on the Glc/GlcNAc; free-N-glycans containing sialylation or β1,6-branch of 6-sulfo Lewis X; novel NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4(+/-Fucα1-3) Xylα1-3Glc glycans.
sialyllactose	increased level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	urine		33135073	Representative structures of glycans with elevated levels in cancer patients included the following: small glycans related to sialyllactose; sialyl Lewis X; lactose- and N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) type-II-core glycans with LacNAc (type-I or II)-extensions and modifications of α1,3/4-fucose and/or 6-sulfate on the Glc/GlcNAc; free-N-glycans containing sialylation or β1,6-branch of 6-sulfo Lewis X; novel NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4(+/-Fucα1-3) Xylα1-3Glc glycans.
sialyllactose	increased level							diagnostic	cholangiocarcinoma			Humans	urine		33135073	Representative structures of glycans with elevated levels in cancer patients included the following: small glycans related to sialyllactose; sialyl Lewis X; lactose- and N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) type-II-core glycans with LacNAc (type-I or II)-extensions and modifications of α1,3/4-fucose and/or 6-sulfate on the Glc/GlcNAc; free-N-glycans containing sialylation or β1,6-branch of 6-sulfo Lewis X; novel NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4(+/-Fucα1-3) Xylα1-3Glc glycans.
sialyl Lewis X	increased level							diagnostic	gastric cancer			Humans	urine		33135073	Representative structures of glycans with elevated levels in cancer patients included the following: small glycans related to sialyllactose; sialyl Lewis X; lactose- and N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) type-II-core glycans with LacNAc (type-I or II)-extensions and modifications of α1,3/4-fucose and/or 6-sulfate on the Glc/GlcNAc; free-N-glycans containing sialylation or β1,6-branch of 6-sulfo Lewis X; novel NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4(+/-Fucα1-3) Xylα1-3Glc glycans.
sialyl Lewis X	increased level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	urine		33135073	Representative structures of glycans with elevated levels in cancer patients included the following: small glycans related to sialyllactose; sialyl Lewis X; lactose- and N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) type-II-core glycans with LacNAc (type-I or II)-extensions and modifications of α1,3/4-fucose and/or 6-sulfate on the Glc/GlcNAc; free-N-glycans containing sialylation or β1,6-branch of 6-sulfo Lewis X; novel NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4(+/-Fucα1-3) Xylα1-3Glc glycans.
sialyl Lewis X	increased level							diagnostic	cholangiocarcinoma			Humans	urine		33135073	Representative structures of glycans with elevated levels in cancer patients included the following: small glycans related to sialyllactose; sialyl Lewis X; lactose- and N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) type-II-core glycans with LacNAc (type-I or II)-extensions and modifications of α1,3/4-fucose and/or 6-sulfate on the Glc/GlcNAc; free-N-glycans containing sialylation or β1,6-branch of 6-sulfo Lewis X; novel NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4(+/-Fucα1-3) Xylα1-3Glc glycans.
lactose- and N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) type-II-core glycans	increased level							diagnostic	gastric cancer			Humans	urine		33135073	Representative structures of glycans with elevated levels in cancer patients included the following: small glycans related to sialyllactose; sialyl Lewis X; lactose- and N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) type-II-core glycans with LacNAc (type-I or II)-extensions and modifications of α1,3/4-fucose and/or 6-sulfate on the Glc/GlcNAc; free-N-glycans containing sialylation or β1,6-branch of 6-sulfo Lewis X; novel NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4(+/-Fucα1-3) Xylα1-3Glc glycans.
lactose- and N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) type-II-core glycans	increased level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	urine		33135073	Representative structures of glycans with elevated levels in cancer patients included the following: small glycans related to sialyllactose; sialyl Lewis X; lactose- and N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) type-II-core glycans with LacNAc (type-I or II)-extensions and modifications of α1,3/4-fucose and/or 6-sulfate on the Glc/GlcNAc; free-N-glycans containing sialylation or β1,6-branch of 6-sulfo Lewis X; novel NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4(+/-Fucα1-3) Xylα1-3Glc glycans.
lactose- and N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) type-II-core glycans	increased level							diagnostic	cholangiocarcinoma			Humans	urine		33135073	Representative structures of glycans with elevated levels in cancer patients included the following: small glycans related to sialyllactose; sialyl Lewis X; lactose- and N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) type-II-core glycans with LacNAc (type-I or II)-extensions and modifications of α1,3/4-fucose and/or 6-sulfate on the Glc/GlcNAc; free-N-glycans containing sialylation or β1,6-branch of 6-sulfo Lewis X; novel NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4(+/-Fucα1-3) Xylα1-3Glc glycans.
free-N-glycans containing sialylation or β1,6-branch of 6-sulfo Lewis X	increased level							diagnostic	gastric cancer			Humans	urine		33135073	Representative structures of glycans with elevated levels in cancer patients included the following: small glycans related to sialyllactose; sialyl Lewis X; lactose- and N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) type-II-core glycans with LacNAc (type-I or II)-extensions and modifications of α1,3/4-fucose and/or 6-sulfate on the Glc/GlcNAc; free-N-glycans containing sialylation or β1,6-branch of 6-sulfo Lewis X; novel NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4(+/-Fucα1-3) Xylα1-3Glc glycans.
free-N-glycans containing sialylation or β1,6-branch of 6-sulfo Lewis X	increased level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	urine		33135073	Representative structures of glycans with elevated levels in cancer patients included the following: small glycans related to sialyllactose; sialyl Lewis X; lactose- and N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) type-II-core glycans with LacNAc (type-I or II)-extensions and modifications of α1,3/4-fucose and/or 6-sulfate on the Glc/GlcNAc; free-N-glycans containing sialylation or β1,6-branch of 6-sulfo Lewis X; novel NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4(+/-Fucα1-3) Xylα1-3Glc glycans.
free-N-glycans containing sialylation or β1,6-branch of 6-sulfo Lewis X	increased level							diagnostic	cholangiocarcinoma			Humans	urine		33135073	Representative structures of glycans with elevated levels in cancer patients included the following: small glycans related to sialyllactose; sialyl Lewis X; lactose- and N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) type-II-core glycans with LacNAc (type-I or II)-extensions and modifications of α1,3/4-fucose and/or 6-sulfate on the Glc/GlcNAc; free-N-glycans containing sialylation or β1,6-branch of 6-sulfo Lewis X; novel NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4(+/-Fucα1-3) Xylα1-3Glc glycans.
NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4(+/-Fucα1-3) Xylα1-3Glc glycans	increased level							diagnostic	gastric cancer			Humans	urine		33135073	Representative structures of glycans with elevated levels in cancer patients included the following: small glycans related to sialyllactose; sialyl Lewis X; lactose- and N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) type-II-core glycans with LacNAc (type-I or II)-extensions and modifications of α1,3/4-fucose and/or 6-sulfate on the Glc/GlcNAc; free-N-glycans containing sialylation or β1,6-branch of 6-sulfo Lewis X; novel NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4(+/-Fucα1-3) Xylα1-3Glc glycans.
NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4(+/-Fucα1-3) Xylα1-3Glc glycans	increased level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	urine		33135073	Representative structures of glycans with elevated levels in cancer patients included the following: small glycans related to sialyllactose; sialyl Lewis X; lactose- and N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) type-II-core glycans with LacNAc (type-I or II)-extensions and modifications of α1,3/4-fucose and/or 6-sulfate on the Glc/GlcNAc; free-N-glycans containing sialylation or β1,6-branch of 6-sulfo Lewis X; novel NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4(+/-Fucα1-3) Xylα1-3Glc glycans.
NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4(+/-Fucα1-3) Xylα1-3Glc glycans	increased level							diagnostic	cholangiocarcinoma			Humans	urine		33135073	Representative structures of glycans with elevated levels in cancer patients included the following: small glycans related to sialyllactose; sialyl Lewis X; lactose- and N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) type-II-core glycans with LacNAc (type-I or II)-extensions and modifications of α1,3/4-fucose and/or 6-sulfate on the Glc/GlcNAc; free-N-glycans containing sialylation or β1,6-branch of 6-sulfo Lewis X; novel NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4(+/-Fucα1-3) Xylα1-3Glc glycans.
Core 1/Core 3 O-glycosylation	increased level							diagnostic|monitoring	osteoarthritis	Osteoarthritis		horse	carpal synovial fluid	Synovial Fluid	33587757	Lectin microarrays identified distinct glycosylation patterns between healthy and OA synovial fluid, including increased Core 1/Core 3 O-glycosylation, increased α-2,3 sialylation and decreased α-1,2 fucosylation in OA.
α-2,3 sialylation	increased level							diagnostic|monitoring	osteoarthritis	Osteoarthritis		horse	carpal synovial fluid	Synovial Fluid	33587757	Lectin microarrays identified distinct glycosylation patterns between healthy and OA synovial fluid, including increased Core 1/Core 3 O-glycosylation, increased α-2,3 sialylation and decreased α-1,2 fucosylation in OA.
α-1,2 fucosylation	decreased level							diagnostic|monitoring	osteoarthritis	Osteoarthritis		horse	carpal synovial fluid	Synovial Fluid	33587757	Lectin microarrays identified distinct glycosylation patterns between healthy and OA synovial fluid, including increased Core 1/Core 3 O-glycosylation, increased α-2,3 sialylation and decreased α-1,2 fucosylation in OA.
core 1 sialylated O-glycans	increased level	EGFR		EGFR protein, human	ST3Gal1				ER-positive breast carcinoma	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast cancer cells	Breast Neoplasms	32776095	MMP10, the principal gene upregulated when cells carrying sialylated core 1 glycans were stimulated with EGF, is also upregulated in ER-positive breast carcinoma reported to express high levels of ST3Gal1 and hence mainly core 1 sialylated O-glycans.
core 2 O-glycans	increased level	EGFR		EGFR protein, human					ER-negative breast carcinomas	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast cancer cells	Breast Neoplasms	32776095	In contrast, isogenic cells engineered to carry core 2 glycans upregulate CX3CL1 and FGFBP1 and these genes are upregulated in ER-negative breast carcinomas, also known to express longer core 2 O-glycans.
fucosylated Lewis-X antigen (Lex, CD15) (Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAcβ1-R)	increased level				fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases	diagnostic|prognostic	low-grade bladder cancer	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	bladder cancer cell lines RT4, 5637 and SW780	Cells, Cultured	34350945	We observed that the low-grade bladder cancer cell lines RT4, 5637 and SW780 express high levels of the fucosylated Lewis-X antigen (Lex, CD15) (Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAcβ1-R), while normal bladder epithelial A/T/N cells lack Lex expression.
fucosylated Lewis-X antigen (Lex, CD15) (Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAcβ1-R)	decreased level				fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases	diagnostic|prognostic	high-grade bladder cancer	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	bladder cancer cell lines T24 and TCCSUP	Cells, Cultured	34350945	T24 and TCCSUP cells also lack Lex, whereas J82COT cells express low levels of Lex.
core 2-based O-glycans	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|prognostic	low-grade bladder cancer	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	bladder cancer cell line RT4	Cells, Cultured	34350945	O-glycans are highly differentiated, as RT4 cells synthesize core 2-based O-glycans that are lacking in the T24 cells.
core 2-based O-glycans	loss of structure							diagnostic|prognostic	high-grade bladder cancer	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	bladder cancer cell line T24	Cells, Cultured	34350945	O-glycans are highly differentiated, as RT4 cells synthesize core 2-based O-glycans that are lacking in the T24 cells.
glycans	altered level	immunoglobulins		Immunoglobulins				diagnostic	Substance Use Disorders	Substance-Related Disorders		Humans	Brain	Brain	29857889	Glycans decorate DNA, RNA and many circulating critical proteins particularly immunoglobulins.
O-glycosylation	undetermined							diagnostic|monitoring	disease						37169080	Glycoproteomics reveals site-specific O- and N-glycosylation that may influence protein properties including binding, activity, and half-life.
N-glycosylation	undetermined							diagnostic|monitoring	disease						37169080	Glycoproteomics reveals site-specific O- and N-glycosylation that may influence protein properties including binding, activity, and half-life.
G2	increased level	IgG						predictive	HIV rebound		antiretroviral therapy (ART) cessation	Humans	plasma		31972605	Higher pre-ATI levels of the IgG glycan, G2, were significantly associated with a longer time-to-viral-rebound (hazard ratio = 0.12, P = 0.05).
FA2BG1	increased level							predictive	HIV rebound		antiretroviral therapy (ART) cessation	Humans	plasma		31972605	In addition to G2, we identified several predictive glycomic traits in plasma, for example, levels of FA2BG1, a non-sialylated, core-fucosylated glycan, associated with a longer time-to-viral-rebound (hazard ratio = 0.023, P = 0.05).
FA2G2S1	increased level							predictive	HIV rebound		antiretroviral therapy (ART) cessation	Humans	plasma		31972605	FA2G2S1, a sialylated glycan, associated with a shorter time-to-viral-rebound (hazard ratio = 24.1, P = 0.028).
T-antigen (Galβ1-3GalNAc)	increased level							predictive	HIV viral setpoint		antiretroviral therapy (ART) cessation	Humans	plasma		31972605	Additionally, pre-ATI plasma glycomic signatures associated with a lower viral setpoint, for example, T-antigen (Galβ1-3GalNAc) (r = 0.75, P = 0.0007).
polylactosamine	increased level							predictive	HIV viral setpoint		antiretroviral therapy (ART) cessation	Humans	plasma		31972605	Additionally, pre-ATI plasma glycomic signatures associated with a lower viral setpoint, for example, T-antigen (Galβ1-3GalNAc) (r = 0.75, P = 0.0007), or a higher viral setpoint, for example, polylactosamine (r = -0.58, P = 0.01).
IgG Fc-bisection	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				predictive	PR3-ANCA associated vasculitis	Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis		Humans		Humans	37841251	Analysis of the cross-sectional differences as well as longitudinal changes demonstrated that IgGs of relapsing PR3-ANCA patients have higher ΔFc-bisection at diagnosis (P = 0.004) and exhibit a decrease in Fc-sialylation prior to the relapse (P = 0.0004), discriminating them from non-relapsing patients.
IgG Fc-sialylation	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				predictive	PR3-ANCA associated vasculitis	Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis		Humans		Humans	37841251	Analysis of the cross-sectional differences as well as longitudinal changes demonstrated that IgGs of relapsing PR3-ANCA patients have higher ΔFc-bisection at diagnosis (P = 0.004) and exhibit a decrease in Fc-sialylation prior to the relapse (P = 0.0004), discriminating them from non-relapsing patients.
IgG Fc-fucosylation	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				predictive	PR3-ANCA associated vasculitis	Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis		Humans		Humans	37841251	Most importantly, PR3-ANCA patients who experienced an ANCA rise and relapsed shortly thereafter, exhibit lower IgG Fc-fucosylation levels compared to non-relapsing patients already 9 months before relapse (P = 0.02).
glycans	altered level	fetuin|glycoproteins derived from cultured human pancreatic cancer cells		alpha-Fetoproteins|				diagnostic	carcinogenesis			human	serum|saliva|urine	|	34101384	Subtle changes in glycans resulting from altered glycosylation machinery have been reported during various diseases, including carcinogenesis.
neutral glycans	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	echinococcosis	Echinococcosis		Humans	serum		37540936	Compared with IgG glycans of healthy control group, neutral glycans, fucosylation and agalactosylated N-glycans increased while sialylation and galactosylation decreased in echinococcosis patients.
fucosylation	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	echinococcosis	Echinococcosis		Humans	serum		37540936	Compared with IgG glycans of healthy control group, neutral glycans, fucosylation and agalactosylated N-glycans increased while sialylation and galactosylation decreased in echinococcosis patients.
agalactosylated N-glycans	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	echinococcosis	Echinococcosis		Humans	serum		37540936	Compared with IgG glycans of healthy control group, neutral glycans, fucosylation and agalactosylated N-glycans increased while sialylation and galactosylation decreased in echinococcosis patients.
sialylation	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	echinococcosis	Echinococcosis		Humans	serum		37540936	Compared with IgG glycans of healthy control group, neutral glycans, fucosylation and agalactosylated N-glycans increased while sialylation and galactosylation decreased in echinococcosis patients.
galactosylation	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	echinococcosis	Echinococcosis		Humans	serum		37540936	Compared with IgG glycans of healthy control group, neutral glycans, fucosylation and agalactosylated N-glycans increased while sialylation and galactosylation decreased in echinococcosis patients.
N-glycans	decreased level							response	aging		caloric restriction	Mice	serum		37132100	At each time point, the majority of glycans, including galactosylated and high mannose glycans, showed a consistent low level in CR group.
O-acetylated sialoglycans	increased level							response	aging		caloric restriction	Mice	serum		37132100	Interestingly, O-acetylated sialoglycans presented an upward change different from other derived traits, which is mainly reflected in two biantennary α2,6-linked sialoglycans (H5N4Ge2Ac1, H5N4Ge2Ac2).
pauci-mannose structures	increased level								aortic valve insufficiency	Aortic Valve Stenosis		Humans	aortic valve	Aortic Valve	33516683	In AVI diagnosed tissue, N-glycans localized to hypertrophic commissures with increases in pauci-mannose structures.
sialylated N-glycans	increased level								congenital aortic valve stenosis	Aortic Valve Stenosis		Humans	aortic valve	Aortic Valve	33516683	Three sialylated N-glycans showed common elevation in AS independent of age.
core fucosylation	altered level								congenital aortic valve stenosis	Aortic Valve Stenosis		Humans	aortic valve	Aortic Valve	33516683	Specialized enzymatic strategies demonstrated that core fucosylation is the primary fucose configuration and localizes to the normal fibrosa with disparate patterning in AS.
oligomannose N-glycan	altered level	total plasma proteins|IgG		Blood Proteins|Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	atrial fibrillation	Atrial Fibrillation	pulmonary vein isolation	Humans	plasma		37189353	We found one oligomannose N-glycan structure from the plasma N-glycome and six IgG N-glycans, mainly revolving around the presence of bisecting N-acetylglucosamine, that were significantly different between the case and control groups.
bisecting N-acetylglucosamine	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	atrial fibrillation	Atrial Fibrillation	pulmonary vein isolation	Humans	plasma		37189353	We found one oligomannose N-glycan structure from the plasma N-glycome and six IgG N-glycans, mainly revolving around the presence of bisecting N-acetylglucosamine, that were significantly different between the case and control groups.
galactose structures on IgG Fc	decreased level	IgG Fc		Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments				predictive	COVID-19	COVID-19		Humans	blood		35307819	Mechanistically, we demonstrated that a deficiency on galactose structures on IgG Fc in COVID-19 patients appears to induce NK cells activation associated with increased release of IFN-γ and TNF-α, which indicates the presence of pro-inflammatory immunoglobulins and higher immune activation, associated with a poor disease course.
sialic acid structures on IgG Fc	decreased level	IgG Fc		Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments				predictive	COVID-19	COVID-19		Humans	blood		35307819	Importantly, levels of galactose and sialic acid structures on IgGs are able to predict the development of a poor COVID-19 disease.
Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer	altered level	Mac-2 binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic	chronic liver disease	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	liver	Liver Neoplasms	37812281	This study aimed to evaluate the quantitative measurement of Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) levels using the new chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay.
Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer	altered level	Mac-2 binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic	hepatitis C	Hepatitis C		Humans	liver	Liver Neoplasms	37812281	The data of a total of 347 patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and 150 health volunteers from 13 locations in Japan were evaluated.
glycoform	altered level	Glycoproteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	cancer			Humans	tissue surface|serum	|	36725113	Aberrant glycosylation is a common theme in cancer, with dysregulated glycosylation driving tumor initiation and metastasis, and abnormal glycosylation can be detection both on the tissue surface and in serum.
glycoform	altered level	Glycoproteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans			36725113	This concept has already been established in the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma with the GALAD score, and an algorithm-based approach would likely be effective in improving biomarker sensitivity for additional cancer types.
GP1-4, GP6, GP7, GP24	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				risk	common chronic diseases	Chronic Disease		Humans		Humans	31414971	We found that the high levels of GP1-4, GP6, GP7, and GP24 and low levels of GP9, GP13-15, GP18, and GP23 could potentially increase the risk of disease.
GP9, GP13-15, GP18, GP23	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				risk	common chronic diseases	Chronic Disease		Humans		Humans	31414971	We found that the high levels of GP1-4, GP6, GP7, and GP24 and low levels of GP9, GP13-15, GP18, and GP23 could potentially increase the risk of disease.
Hex1	altered level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid		38785920	The free-glycans Hex1 and HexNAc1Hex1Neu5Ac1 were able to discriminate AD from controls and from patients suffering from other types of dementia.
HexNAc1Hex1Neu5Ac1	altered level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid		38785920	The free-glycans Hex1 and HexNAc1Hex1Neu5Ac1 were able to discriminate AD from controls and from patients suffering from other types of dementia.
digalactosylated (G2)	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				risk	ageing	Aging		Humans	plasma		38877341	The AstraZeneca MFO cohort did not show any statistically significant trends, whereas the menstrual cycle cohort exhibited statistically significant trends in digalactosylated (G2), agalactosylated (G0) and fucosylation (F).
agalactosylated (G0)	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				risk	ageing	Aging		Humans	plasma		38877341	The AstraZeneca MFO cohort did not show any statistically significant trends, whereas the menstrual cycle cohort exhibited statistically significant trends in digalactosylated (G2), agalactosylated (G0) and fucosylation (F).
fucosylation (F)	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				risk	ageing	Aging		Humans	plasma		38877341	The AstraZeneca MFO cohort did not show any statistically significant trends, whereas the menstrual cycle cohort exhibited statistically significant trends in digalactosylated (G2), agalactosylated (G0) and fucosylation (F).
bisected N-acetylglucosamine	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				risk	ageing	Aging		Humans	plasma		38877341	Long-term stability analysis identified enduring age-related trends in both subjects, showing a positive time effect in G0 and bisected N-acetylglucosamine, as well as a negative time effect in G2 and sialylation, aligning with earlier findings.
sialylation	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				risk	ageing	Aging		Humans	plasma		38877341	Long-term stability analysis identified enduring age-related trends in both subjects, showing a positive time effect in G0 and bisected N-acetylglucosamine, as well as a negative time effect in G2 and sialylation, aligning with earlier findings.
Tn antigen	altered level							monitoring	adenocarcinomas			human	primary tumors and metastases		28155149	The snail lectin of Helix pomatia (HPA) binds N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) that is expressed among others as Tn antigen (O-linked GalNAc) in primary tumors and metastases in several human adenocarcinomas.
complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides	altered level							monitoring	breast, colon, and prostate cancer	Neoplasms		human	cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	28155149	Another lectin, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L) binds to complex β1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides associated with increased metastatic potential in breast, colon, and prostate cancer.
galactosylation	decreased level	IgG		glycosylated IgG				diagnostic	healthy volunteers	Healthy Volunteers		human	saliva	Saliva	30405629	Saliva-derived IgG exhibited a slightly lower galactosylation and sialylation as compared to plasma-derived IgG.
sialylation	decreased level	IgG		glycosylated IgG				diagnostic	healthy volunteers	Healthy Volunteers		human	saliva	Saliva	30405629	Saliva-derived IgG exhibited a slightly lower galactosylation and sialylation as compared to plasma-derived IgG.
bisection	increased level	IgA1|IgA2|JC						diagnostic	healthy volunteers	Healthy Volunteers		human	saliva	Saliva	30405629	Glycosylation of IgA1, IgA2, and the JC showed substantial differences between the biofluids, with salivary proteins exhibiting a higher bisection, and lower galactosylation and sialylation as compared to plasma-derived IgA and JC.
galactosylation	decreased level	IgA1|IgA2|JC						diagnostic	healthy volunteers	Healthy Volunteers		human	saliva	Saliva	30405629	Glycosylation of IgA1, IgA2, and the JC showed substantial differences between the biofluids, with salivary proteins exhibiting a higher bisection, and lower galactosylation and sialylation as compared to plasma-derived IgA and JC.
sialylation	decreased level	IgA1|IgA2|JC						diagnostic	healthy volunteers	Healthy Volunteers		human	saliva	Saliva	30405629	Glycosylation of IgA1, IgA2, and the JC showed substantial differences between the biofluids, with salivary proteins exhibiting a higher bisection, and lower galactosylation and sialylation as compared to plasma-derived IgA and JC.
fucosylation	increased level	SC of secretory IgA						diagnostic	healthy volunteers	Healthy Volunteers		human	saliva	Saliva	30405629	Additionally, all seven N-glycosylation sites, characterized on the SC of secretory IgA in saliva, carried highly fucosylated and fully galactosylated diantennary N-glycans.
galactosylation	increased level	SC of secretory IgA						diagnostic	healthy volunteers	Healthy Volunteers		human	saliva	Saliva	30405629	Additionally, all seven N-glycosylation sites, characterized on the SC of secretory IgA in saliva, carried highly fucosylated and fully galactosylated diantennary N-glycans.
N-glycan core	altered level							diagnostic	cancer						21265812	Backing this claim for a perspective in clinical practice are recent discoveries that even seemingly subtle changes in the glycan structure of glycoproteins, such as a N-glycan core substitution by a single sugar moiety, have far-reaching functional consequences.
plasma N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	Post-traumatic stress disorder	Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic		Humans	plasma	Plasma	31817821	Results showed that six plasma N-glycans (four increased and two decreased) were altered in PTSD vs. controls in both cohorts, but IgG N-glycans were similar between groups.
N-glycans	unaltered level	recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin beta		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human								Humans			22230788	Here we illustrate the use of glycosidases for the analysis of a model glycoprotein: recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin beta (hCGβ), which carries two N-glycans and four O-glycans.
O-glycans	unaltered level	recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin beta		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human								Humans			22230788	Here we illustrate the use of glycosidases for the analysis of a model glycoprotein: recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin beta (hCGβ), which carries two N-glycans and four O-glycans.
N-glycans	increased level	serum proteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal|Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		32898301	In PDAC patients a higher level of branching (OR 6.19, P-value 9.21 × 10-11 ) and (antenna)fucosylation (OR 13.27, P-value 2.31 × 10-9 ) of N-glycans was found.
α2,6- vs α2,3-linked sialylation	increased ratio	serum proteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal|Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		32898301	Furthermore, the ratio of α2,6- vs α2,3-linked sialylation was higher in patients compared to healthy controls.
sialylation	unaltered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	autoimmune diseases			Homo sapiens	serum		33909442	All tested IgG glycosylation features-sialylation, galactosylation, bisection, and fucosylation-remained unchanged up to room temperature as well as during multiple freeze-thaw cycles and exposure to light.
galactosylation	unaltered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	autoimmune diseases			Homo sapiens	serum		33909442	All tested IgG glycosylation features-sialylation, galactosylation, bisection, and fucosylation-remained unchanged up to room temperature as well as during multiple freeze-thaw cycles and exposure to light.
bisection	unaltered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	autoimmune diseases			Homo sapiens	serum		33909442	All tested IgG glycosylation features-sialylation, galactosylation, bisection, and fucosylation-remained unchanged up to room temperature as well as during multiple freeze-thaw cycles and exposure to light.
fucosylation	unaltered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	autoimmune diseases			Homo sapiens	serum		33909442	All tested IgG glycosylation features-sialylation, galactosylation, bisection, and fucosylation-remained unchanged up to room temperature as well as during multiple freeze-thaw cycles and exposure to light.
hybrid N-glycans	acquisition of structure							risk	COPD	Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive		Humans	bronchoalveolar space	Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid	37656214	Hybrid type N-glycans were identified only in the LTS+ group.
complex N-glycans	decreased level							risk	health and absence of smoking			Humans	bronchoalveolar space	Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid	37656214	Correlation analysis with clinical parameters revealed that complex N-glycans were associated with health and absence of smoking whereas oligomannose N-glycans were associated with smoking and disease.
oligomannose N-glycans	increased level							risk	smoking and disease			Humans	bronchoalveolar space	Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid	37656214	Correlation analysis with clinical parameters revealed that complex N-glycans were associated with health and absence of smoking whereas oligomannose N-glycans were associated with smoking and disease.
N-glycosylation signatures	altered level	immunoglobulins		Immunoglobulins				diagnostic	urothelial carcinoma	Carcinoma, Transitional Cell|Ureteral Neoplasms|Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	serum		33455069	Thus, the current study evaluated the diagnostic performance of N-glycosylation signatures of immunoglobulins (Igs) for detecting UC, including BCa and UTUC.
glycans	altered level							diagnostic	chronic diseases	Chronic Disease		human			28388299	Yet, given glycans' biological significance, alterations in their processing may be detrimental to human health and also offer insights for preventive medicine and wellness interventions.
fucosylation	unaltered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen					male infertility			Humans	seminal plasma	Semen	33167210	Our method showed a high intra- and interday repeatability and revealed no difference in PSA glycosylation between fertile and infertile men.
sialylation	unaltered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen					male infertility			Humans	seminal plasma	Semen	33167210	Our method showed a high intra- and interday repeatability and revealed no difference in PSA glycosylation between fertile and infertile men.
stage-specific embryonic antigen 4	undetermined								pluripotent human embryonic stem cell marker			human	embryonic stem cell	Humans	31545316	One-pot synthesis of stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 (SSEA-4), which is a pluripotent human embryonic stem cell marker, is demonstrated in this work.
glycome	undetermined							diagnostic	ocular diseases	Eye Diseases		Humans	Tears	Tears	31119796	The proteome, lipidome and glycome of tears all contribute to important aspects of the tear film, including its structure, its ability to defend the ocular surface against microbes and to help heal ocular surface injuries.
glycome	undetermined							diagnostic	non-ocular diseases			Humans	Tears	Tears	31119796	This article summarises research undertaken since 1993 in the Willcox laboratory at the University of New South Wales, Sydney on the tear film, its interactions with contact lenses, and the use of tears as a source of biomarkers for ocular and non-ocular diseases.
GP2	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|predictive|risk	Mammary gland hyperplasia	Hyperplasia		Human	serum		32833579	The levels of the glycan peaks (GPs) GP2, GP5, GP6, and GP7 were lower in the MGH group compared with the control group, whereas GP14 was significantly higher in the MGH group (p < 0.05).
GP5	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|predictive|risk	Mammary gland hyperplasia	Hyperplasia		Human	serum		32833579	The levels of the glycan peaks (GPs) GP2, GP5, GP6, and GP7 were lower in the MGH group compared with the control group, whereas GP14 was significantly higher in the MGH group (p < 0.05).
GP6	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|predictive|risk	Mammary gland hyperplasia	Hyperplasia		Human	serum		32833579	The levels of the glycan peaks (GPs) GP2, GP5, GP6, and GP7 were lower in the MGH group compared with the control group, whereas GP14 was significantly higher in the MGH group (p < 0.05).
GP7	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|predictive|risk	Mammary gland hyperplasia	Hyperplasia		Human	serum		32833579	The levels of the glycan peaks (GPs) GP2, GP5, GP6, and GP7 were lower in the MGH group compared with the control group, whereas GP14 was significantly higher in the MGH group (p < 0.05).
GP14	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|predictive|risk	Mammary gland hyperplasia	Hyperplasia		Human	serum		32833579	The levels of the glycan peaks (GPs) GP2, GP5, GP6, and GP7 were lower in the MGH group compared with the control group, whereas GP14 was significantly higher in the MGH group (p < 0.05).
tetra-antennary structure capping with sialyl-Lewis antigen	undetermined							diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		38084450	One candidate has branched tetra-antennary structure capping with sialyl-Lewis antigen, and it significantly outperforms serum CEA with AUC values > 0.89 compared against < 0.67 for diagnosing early-stage GC.
fucosylated haptoglobin	altered level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	liver disease	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		36787035	In contrast, correlation ratios of serum Hp and fucosylated haptoglobin (Fuc-Hp) levels between twin sera with liver and pancreatic disease were 0.49 and 0.16, respectively.
fucosylated haptoglobin	altered level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	pancreatic disease			Humans	serum		36787035	In contrast, correlation ratios of serum Hp and fucosylated haptoglobin (Fuc-Hp) levels between twin sera with liver and pancreatic disease were 0.49 and 0.16, respectively.
Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer	altered level	Mac-2 binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic	liver disease	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		36787035	Mac-2 binding protein (Mac-2 bp), haptoglobin (Hp), and their glycosylated forms are liver fibrosis and cancer biomarkers.
Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer	altered level	Mac-2 binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic	pancreatic disease			Humans	serum		36787035	Mac-2 binding protein (Mac-2 bp), haptoglobin (Hp), and their glycosylated forms are liver fibrosis and cancer biomarkers.
O-glycans	increased level	apolipoprotein C-III		Apolipoprotein C-III				diagnostic	colorectal carcinoma	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	serum		38287814	In CRC patients' sera samples, we observed significantly elevated apoC-III sialylation.
oligosaccharides	increased level							diagnostic	oligosaccharidoses	Lysosomal Storage Diseases		Humans	urine	Humans	34474962	We incorporated these with known oligosaccharide and glycolipid biomarkers into a rapid test that identifies at least 27 lysosomal storage disorders, including oligosaccharidoses, mucopolysaccharidoses, sphingolipidoses, glycogen storage disorders, and congenital disorders of glycosylation and de-glycosylation.
mucopolysaccharides	increased level							diagnostic	mucopolysaccharidoses	Lysosomal Storage Diseases		Humans	urine	Humans	34474962	Untargeted glycomic profiling revealed twenty biomarkers that could identify and subtype mucopolysaccharidoses.
glycolipids	increased level							diagnostic	sphingolipidoses	Lysosomal Storage Diseases		Humans	urine	Humans	34474962	We incorporated these with known oligosaccharide and glycolipid biomarkers into a rapid test that identifies at least 27 lysosomal storage disorders, including oligosaccharidoses, mucopolysaccharidoses, sphingolipidoses, glycogen storage disorders, and congenital disorders of glycosylation and de-glycosylation.
glucosylsphingosine	increased level							diagnostic	Gaucher disease	Lysosomal Storage Diseases		Humans	dried blood spots	Dried Blood Spot Testing	34474962	Glucosylsphingosine was reliably elevated in dried blood spots from Gaucher disease patients with baseline resolution from galactosylsphingosine.
paucimannosidic N-glycans	increased level								granulopoiesis			Humans	azurophil granules	Cytoplasmic Granules	32665399	We found abundant paucimannosidic N-glycans and lack of O-glycans in the early-formed azurophil granules, whereas the later-formed specific and gelatinase granules and secretory vesicles contained complex N- and O-glycans with remarkably elongated N-acetyllactosamine repeats with Lewis epitopes.
complex N- and O-glycans with remarkably elongated N-acetyllactosamine repeats with Lewis epitopes	increased level								granulopoiesis			Humans	specific and gelatinase granules and secretory vesicles	Cytoplasmic Granules	32665399	We found abundant paucimannosidic N-glycans and lack of O-glycans in the early-formed azurophil granules, whereas the later-formed specific and gelatinase granules and secretory vesicles contained complex N- and O-glycans with remarkably elongated N-acetyllactosamine repeats with Lewis epitopes.
isomeric N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	multiple myeloma	Multiple Myeloma		human	serum		35320367	Relative abundances of 280 isomeric N-glycans were compared and 20 isomers showed significant difference between multiple myeloma cases and healthy controls.
site-specific glycan	altered level							diagnostic	primary biliary cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary		human	plasma		34403816	Herein, we employ this technique to characterize the site-specific glycan alterations associated with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC).
site-specific glycan	altered level							diagnostic	primary sclerosing cholangitis	Cholangitis, Sclerosing		human	plasma		34403816	Herein, we employ this technique to characterize the site-specific glycan alterations associated with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC).
glycans	undetermined							diagnostic	cardiometabolic diseases			Humans		Humans	34495543	We have been investigating the role of glycans and SHS in multiple cardiometabolic diseases in different ethnical populations (African, Chinese, and Caucasian).
fucosylation	decreased level	IgG1		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	severe COVID-19	COVID-19		Humans	plasma		35334306	Low fucosylation levels on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike (S) protein-specific IgG1 has been described as a hallmark of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and may lead to activation of macrophages via immune complexes thereby promoting inflammatory responses, altogether suggesting involvement of IgG1 Fc glycosylation modulated immune mechanisms in COVID-19.
galactosylation	decreased level	IgG1		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	severe COVID-19	COVID-19		Humans	plasma		35334306	Low anti-S IgG1 galactosylation and sialylation as well as high bisection were early hallmarks of disease severity, whilst high galactosylation and sialylation and low bisection were found in patients with low disease severity.
sialylation	decreased level	IgG1		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	severe COVID-19	COVID-19		Humans	plasma		35334306	Low anti-S IgG1 galactosylation and sialylation as well as high bisection were early hallmarks of disease severity, whilst high galactosylation and sialylation and low bisection were found in patients with low disease severity.
bisection	increased level	IgG1		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	severe COVID-19	COVID-19		Humans	plasma		35334306	Low anti-S IgG1 galactosylation and sialylation as well as high bisection were early hallmarks of disease severity, whilst high galactosylation and sialylation and low bisection were found in patients with low disease severity.
O-mannosyl glycans	loss of structure	α-dystroglycan		Dystroglycans	protein O-mannose β1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 1		protein O-mannose beta-1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		muscle-eye-brain (MEB) disease			Humans	HEK293T cells|fibroblasts	HEK293 Cells|	33610554	Mutations in protein O-mannose β1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 1 (POMGNT1), which is crucial for the elongation of O-mannosyl glycans, have mainly been associated with muscle-eye-brain (MEB) disease.
N-glycan structures	altered level	N-cadherin	CDH2	CDH2 protein, human|Cadherins					muscle-eye-brain (MEB) disease			Humans	HEK293T cells|fibroblasts	HEK293 Cells|	33610554	In addition, site-specific changes in the N-glycan structures in the extracellular domain of N-Cdh were detected, which positively impact on homotypic interactions.
N-glycan	altered level	PD-1		Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor				response	multiple tumors		camrelizumab	Humans	T cells		33063473	Here, we demonstrate varied N-glycan composition in PD-1, and show that the binding affinity of camrelizumab, a recently approved PD-1-specific MAb, to non-glycosylated PD-1 proteins from E. coli is substantially decreased compared with glycosylated PD-1.
serum N-glycome	altered level							diagnostic	pediatric appendicitis	Appendicitis		Humans	serum		38928139	The glycosylation pattern of serum N-glycome was analyzed in this study of 38 controls and 40 patients with pediatric appendicitis.
O-glycans	altered level	mucin 1		Mucin-1				prognostic|diagnostic|monitoring	breast epithelial cancers				extracellular vesicles	Extracellular Vesicles	37824707	Aberrantly glycosylated mucin 1 is a critical prognostic biomarker in breast epithelial cancers.
	undetermined							diagnostic	Neoplasms	Neoplasms		Humans		Humans	24643037	The promise of glycomics for discovery of new biomarkers.
N-glycan	altered level	immunoglobulin G						diagnostic	aging	Aging		Humans	serum		33794663	The levels of N-glycan structures change with aging, suggesting that monitoring the alterations of serum glycan biosignatures with glycomics might allow real-time studies of human aging in the near future.
N-glycan	altered level	immunoglobulin G						diagnostic	aging-related disease			Humans	serum		33794663	Glycomics brings in yet another systems science technology platform to strengthen the emerging multiomics studies of aging and aging-related diseases.
glycosylation	altered level								disease						19126963	Disease related glycosylation changes and biomarker discovery: challenges and possibilities in an emerging field.
G0F	increased ratio							predictive	thyroid cancer recurrence	Neoplasm Recurrence, Local|Thyroid Neoplasms	thyroidectomy	Humans	serum		36437732	The ratio of G0F:G1F that captures reduced galactosylation was observed in patients samples but not in healthy controls (p = 0.004) and predicted thyroid cancer recurrence (AUC = 0.82, CI 95% = 0.64-0.99).
G1F	decreased ratio							predictive	thyroid cancer recurrence	Neoplasm Recurrence, Local|Thyroid Neoplasms	thyroidectomy	Humans	serum		36437732	The ratio of G0F:G1F that captures reduced galactosylation was observed in patients samples but not in healthy controls (p = 0.004) and predicted thyroid cancer recurrence (AUC = 0.82, CI 95% = 0.64-0.99).
N-glycans carrying bisecting N-acetylglucosamine	increased level							diagnostic|risk	Alzheimer disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid	cerebrospinal fluid	31889402	Using both matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight and liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry, we observed an increase in N-glycans carrying bisecting N-acetylglucosamine in AD.
N-glycans carrying bisecting N-acetylglucosamine	increased level							diagnostic|risk	mild cognitive impairment	Cognitive Dysfunction		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid	cerebrospinal fluid	31889402	Further analysis of CSF from 242 patients with subjective cognitive impairment (SCI), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or AD dementia revealed significantly increased binding to PHA-E in MCI and AD compared to SCI.
N-glycan	altered level	carcinoembryonic antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen				diagnostic|monitoring	colorectal cancer			human	colon carcinoma		33560857	Moreover, notable differences were found on certain N-glycosylation sites between primary adenocarcinoma and metastatic tumor in regard to branching, bisection, sialylation, and fucosylation.
N-glycan	altered level	carcinoembryonic antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen				diagnostic|monitoring	liver metastases			human	liver metastases		33560857	Moreover, notable differences were found on certain N-glycosylation sites between primary adenocarcinoma and metastatic tumor in regard to branching, bisection, sialylation, and fucosylation.
galactosylation	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|monitoring	acute myocardial infarction	Myocardial Infarction		Humans	blood plasma		34939124	This was supported by significantly decreased levels in galactosylation, alongside increased levels in sialylation, afucosylation and GlcNAc bisection levels in the blood plasma of AMI patients.
sialylation	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|monitoring	acute myocardial infarction	Myocardial Infarction		Humans	blood plasma		34939124	This was supported by significantly decreased levels in galactosylation, alongside increased levels in sialylation, afucosylation and GlcNAc bisection levels in the blood plasma of AMI patients.
afucosylation	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|monitoring	acute myocardial infarction	Myocardial Infarction		Humans	blood plasma		34939124	This was supported by significantly decreased levels in galactosylation, alongside increased levels in sialylation, afucosylation and GlcNAc bisection levels in the blood plasma of AMI patients.
GlcNAc bisection	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|monitoring	acute myocardial infarction	Myocardial Infarction		Humans	blood plasma		34939124	This was supported by significantly decreased levels in galactosylation, alongside increased levels in sialylation, afucosylation and GlcNAc bisection levels in the blood plasma of AMI patients.
high mannose N-glycans	increased level							predictive|prognostic	invasive ductal carcinoma	Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast		Humans	cancer tissues	Breast Neoplasms	33735360	It was found that mainly high mannose N-glycans, including H5N2, H6N2, and H7N2, and two fucosylated compositions (H3N3F1 and H5N5F1) showed strong discrimination between IDC and controls.
bisecting N-glycans	decreased level							predictive|prognostic	invasive ductal carcinoma	Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast		Humans	cancer tissues	Breast Neoplasms	33735360	In addition, compared with the controls, high mannose N-glycans were observed to be up-regulated in IDC whereas bisecting N-glycans were down-regulated.
Globo H hexasaccharide	unaltered level								breast cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	MCF-7 breast cancer cells	MCF-7 Cells	33654088	Successful interaction analyses of the anti-Globo H antibody and MCF-7 breast cancer cells with on-chip biosynthesized Globo H-related glycans demonstrate the feasibility of the structure-switchable DNA linker-based glycan chip platform for on-chip complex glycan biosynthesis and glycan-involved applications.
N-glycans	decreased level	plasma protein		Polysaccharides				diagnostic	benign thyroid nodules	Thyroid Nodule		Humans	plasma		34248851	"Four altered glycan traits, which were consecutively decreased in BTN and TC, and classification models based on them showed high potential as biomarkers for discrimination between BTN and TC (""moderately accurate"" to ""accurate"")."
N-glycans	decreased level	plasma protein		Polysaccharides				diagnostic	thyroid cancer	Thyroid Cancer, Papillary		Humans	plasma		34248851	"Four altered glycan traits, which were consecutively decreased in BTN and TC, and classification models based on them showed high potential as biomarkers for discrimination between BTN and TC (""moderately accurate"" to ""accurate"")."
N-glycans	altered level	plasma protein		Polysaccharides				predictive	lymph node metastasis in thyroid cancer	Lymphatic Metastasis		Humans	plasma		34248851	Additionally, strong associations were found between plasma N-glycans and lymph node metastasis in TC, which added the accuracy of predicting metastasis before surgery to the existing method.
bifucosylated triantennary N-glycan	altered level	serum glycoproteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma	Cholangiocarcinoma		human	serum		28752594	Quantitative analyses showed that among 13 N-glycan structures, the bifucosylated triantennary N-glycan (peak10, NA3F2) presented the best diagnostic performance for distinguishing ECCA from BBD and HC.
N-glycan	altered level	serum glycoproteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic|monitoring	extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma	Cholangiocarcinoma		human	serum		28752594	Serum N-glycan markers and models are novel, valuable and noninvasive alternatives in ECCA diagnosis and progression monitoring.
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic|prognostic	oral cancer	Mouth Neoplasms		Humans	saliva	Saliva	31245822	N-glycosylation changes are active in the oral carcinogenic process and may serve as biomarkers for early detection to reduce morbidity and mortality.
disialyl core 1 O-glycan	undetermined	von Willebrand factor		von Willebrand Factor								Humans		Humans	26784534	The majority of the glycan structures on all glycosylation sites is represented by disialyl core 1 O-glycan.
core 2 O-glycan	undetermined	von Willebrand factor		von Willebrand Factor								Humans		Humans	26784534	The presence of core 2 O-glycan was also confirmed; interestingly, this structure was not evenly distributed among all 10 glycosylation sites.
Tn antigen	undetermined	von Willebrand factor		von Willebrand Factor								Humans		Humans	26784534	In addition, we identify sulfation of core 2 O-glycans and the presence of the rare Tn antigen.
tri-antennary and sialylated N-glycans	increased level	haptoglobin		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	extreme human longevity	Longevity		human	plasma		29580922	Tri-antennary and sialylated N-glycans on haptoglobin at the Asn207 and Asn211 sites were abundant in SSCs and characteristic of extreme human longevity.
sialylated glycans	unaltered level	haptoglobin		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma			human	plasma		29580922	Sialylated glycans of haptoglobin are a potential biomarker of several diseases, such as hepatocellular carcinoma, liver cirrhosis, and IgA-nephritis.
sialylated glycans	unaltered level	haptoglobin		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	liver cirrhosis			human	plasma		29580922	Sialylated glycans of haptoglobin are a potential biomarker of several diseases, such as hepatocellular carcinoma, liver cirrhosis, and IgA-nephritis.
sialylated glycans	unaltered level	haptoglobin		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	IgA-nephritis			human	plasma		29580922	Sialylated glycans of haptoglobin are a potential biomarker of several diseases, such as hepatocellular carcinoma, liver cirrhosis, and IgA-nephritis.
glycans	undetermined							diagnostic	congenital disorders of glycosylation						38753144	The distribution of glycans from target glycoprotein(s) can be used to extract information to help the diagnosis and possibly differentiate subtypes of CDG.
high-mannose glycans	increased level							diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer cells|breast cancer tissues	Mammary Glands, Human|Breast Neoplasms	30889355	Compared with mammary epithelial cells, high-mannose glycans were significantly elevated in breast cancer cells.
core-fucosylated glycans	increased level							diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer tissues	Breast Neoplasms	30889355	High-mannose glycans and core-fucosylated glycans were increased in the breast cancer tissues.
bisected glycans	decreased level							diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer tissues	Breast Neoplasms	30889355	High-mannose glycans and core-fucosylated glycans were increased in the breast cancer tissues, while bisected glycans and sialylated glycans were decreased.
sialylated glycans	decreased level							diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer tissues	Breast Neoplasms	30889355	High-mannose glycans and core-fucosylated glycans were increased in the breast cancer tissues, while bisected glycans and sialylated glycans were decreased.
bisected glycans	decreased level							diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer tissues	Breast Neoplasms	30889355	Moreover, a total of 27 types of N-glycans displayed evident differences between benign breast tumor and breast cancer tissues, and most of them including bisected and sialylated glycans exhibited decreased relative abundances in cancer tissues.
sialylated glycans	decreased level							diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer tissues	Breast Neoplasms	30889355	Moreover, a total of 27 types of N-glycans displayed evident differences between benign breast tumor and breast cancer tissues, and most of them including bisected and sialylated glycans exhibited decreased relative abundances in cancer tissues.
Sialyl-Lewis^X^	increased level								HIV persistence	HIV Infections	Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active	Humans	CD4^+^ T cells	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes	32755584	We find that the cell surface of CD4^+^ T cells actively transcribing HIV, despite suppressive therapy, harbors high levels of fucosylated carbohydrate ligands, including the cell extravasation mediator Sialyl-Lewis^X^ (SLe^X^), compared with HIV-infected transcriptionally inactive cells.
large, highly fucosylated and sialylated complex and hybrid glycans	acquisition of structure								ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	ascites fluid	Ascitic Fluid	27500424	N-Glycan analysis of ascites fluids showed the presence of large, highly fucosylated and sialylated complex and hybrid glycans, some of which were not observed in normal serum.
N-glycans	acquisition of structure	clusterin|hemopexin|fibulin							ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	ascites fluid	Ascitic Fluid	27500424	Further glycopeptide analysis of OC ascites identified N- and O-glycans in clusterin, hemopexin, and fibulin glycopeptides, some of which are unusual and may be important in OC metastasis.
O-glycans	acquisition of structure	clusterin|hemopexin|fibulin							ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	ascites fluid	Ascitic Fluid	27500424	Further glycopeptide analysis of OC ascites identified N- and O-glycans in clusterin, hemopexin, and fibulin glycopeptides, some of which are unusual and may be important in OC metastasis.
hybrid N-glycans with tetra-antennary structures	increased level							diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	HepG2 cells	Hep G2 Cells	30343578	The percentage of hybrid N-glycans with tetra-antennary structures was substantially increased in the HepG2 cells.
agalactosylated, HexNAc terminated IgG1 glycoforms	increased level	IgG1		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	primary biliary cholangitis	Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary		Humans	antibody		32546343	Agalactosylated, HexNAc terminated IgG1 glycoforms were enriched in both PBC and PSC.
agalactosylated, HexNAc terminated IgG1 glycoforms	increased level	IgG1		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	primary sclerosing cholangitis	Cholangitis, Sclerosing		Humans	antibody		32546343	Agalactosylated, HexNAc terminated IgG1 glycoforms were enriched in both PBC and PSC.
fucosylated glycans in J chain	decreased level	IgM						diagnostic	primary biliary cholangitis	Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary		Humans	antibody		32546343	Levels of IgM glycans at site N439 and fucosylated glycans in J chain, were significantly decreased in PBC compared to PSC and HC.
bisecting glycoforms	decreased level	IgA						diagnostic	primary sclerosing cholangitis	Cholangitis, Sclerosing		Humans	antibody		32546343	PSC patients had decreased bisecting glycoforms and increased biantennary glycoforms on IgA compared to PBC.
biantennary glycoforms	increased level	IgA						diagnostic	primary sclerosing cholangitis	Cholangitis, Sclerosing		Humans	antibody		32546343	PSC patients had decreased bisecting glycoforms and increased biantennary glycoforms on IgA compared to PBC.
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	diseases			Humans	FFPE tissue sections	Paraffin Embedding	28122943	N- and O-glycans are attractive clinical biomarkers as glycosylation changes in response to diseases.
O-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	diseases			Humans	FFPE tissue sections	Paraffin Embedding	28122943	N- and O-glycans are attractive clinical biomarkers as glycosylation changes in response to diseases.
core fucose	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	Primary Sjögren's syndrome	Sjogren's Syndrome		Humans	serum		36852221	Lectin microarray analysis revealed that binding levels of Amaranthus Caudatus Lectin (ACL, prefers glycan Galβ3GalNAc, P = 0.011), Morniga M Lectin (MNA-M, prefers glycan mannose. P = 0.013), and Lens Culinaris Agglutinin (LCA, prefers glycan fucose) were significantly increased, while Salvia sclarea Agglutinin (SSA, prefers glycan sialylation, P = 0.001) was significantly decreased in PSS patients compared to PBC group.
mannose	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	Primary Sjögren's syndrome	Sjogren's Syndrome		Humans	serum		36852221	Lectin microarray analysis revealed that binding levels of Amaranthus Caudatus Lectin (ACL, prefers glycan Galβ3GalNAc, P = 0.011), Morniga M Lectin (MNA-M, prefers glycan mannose. P = 0.013), and Lens Culinaris Agglutinin (LCA, prefers glycan fucose) were significantly increased, while Salvia sclarea Agglutinin (SSA, prefers glycan sialylation, P = 0.001) was significantly decreased in PSS patients compared to PBC group.
N-glycosylation	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|monitoring|predictive	Parkinson's disease	Parkinson Disease		Humans	Plasma		28334832	This study aimed to determine whether the IgG glycome could be a candidate biomarker for Parkinson's disease.
tetra-antennary α-2,3/6 sialylated N-glycans	increased level	CD52		CD52 Antigen|CD52 protein, human	α-2,3 sialyltransferases			response	immune suppression		immunotherapeutic agent	Human	spleen	Spleen	31507595	Analysis of native CD52 purified from human spleen revealed extensive heterogeneity in N-glycosylation and multi-antennary sialylated N-glycans with abundant polyLacNAc extensions, together with mainly di-sialylated O-glycosylation type structures.
bisecting GlcNAc structures	decreased level	CD52		CD52 Antigen|CD52 protein, human				response	immune suppression		immunotherapeutic agent	Human	spleen	Spleen	31507595	When glycoforms of CD52-Fc were fractionated by anion exchange MonoQ-GL chromatography, bioactive fractions displayed mainly tetra-antennary, α-2,3 sialylated N-glycan structures and a lower relative abundance of bisecting GlcNAc structures compared to non-bioactive fractions.
O-glycan core type-2 di-sialylated structures	increased level	CD52		CD52 Antigen|CD52 protein, human				response	immune suppression		immunotherapeutic agent	Human	spleen	Spleen	31507595	In addition, O-glycan core type-2 di-sialylated structures at Ser12 were more abundant in bioactive CD52 fractions.
HNK-1 epitope	increased level								neuronal diseases			human	nervous system		31738061	It is overexpressed in the nervous system and plays crucial roles in nerve regeneration, synaptic plasticity, and neuronal diseases.
total cellular glycan	altered level							diagnostic	chondrocyte hypertrophy	Hypertrophy		mouse	chondrocytes	Chondrocytes	31331074	Our results indicate that total cellular glycan alterations are closely associated with chondrocyte hypertrophy and help to describe the glycophenotype by chondrocytes and their hypertrophic differentiation.
dimeric Lewis X	undetermined														31276881	The deprotected compounds will be used as soluble competitors to characterize the epitopes recognized by anti-polymeric Le<sup>x</sup> antibodies.
large-size glycans	increased level							diagnostic|predictive	inflammatory bowel disease	Colitis, Ulcerative|Crohn Disease		Humans	plasma		29792883	Plasma samples from patients with IBD had a higher abundance of large-size glycans compared with controls, a decreased relative abundance of hybrid and high-mannose structures, lower fucosylation, lower galactosylation, and higher sialylation (α2,3- and α2,6-linked).
hybrid and high-mannose structures	decreased level							diagnostic|predictive	inflammatory bowel disease	Colitis, Ulcerative|Crohn Disease		Humans	plasma		29792883	Plasma samples from patients with IBD had a higher abundance of large-size glycans compared with controls, a decreased relative abundance of hybrid and high-mannose structures, lower fucosylation, lower galactosylation, and higher sialylation (α2,3- and α2,6-linked).
fucosylation	decreased level							diagnostic|predictive	inflammatory bowel disease	Colitis, Ulcerative|Crohn Disease		Humans	plasma		29792883	Plasma samples from patients with IBD had a higher abundance of large-size glycans compared with controls, a decreased relative abundance of hybrid and high-mannose structures, lower fucosylation, lower galactosylation, and higher sialylation (α2,3- and α2,6-linked).
galactosylation	decreased level							diagnostic|predictive	inflammatory bowel disease	Colitis, Ulcerative|Crohn Disease		Humans	plasma		29792883	Plasma samples from patients with IBD had a higher abundance of large-size glycans compared with controls, a decreased relative abundance of hybrid and high-mannose structures, lower fucosylation, lower galactosylation, and higher sialylation (α2,3- and α2,6-linked).
sialylation (α2,3- and α2,6-linked)	increased level							diagnostic|predictive	inflammatory bowel disease	Colitis, Ulcerative|Crohn Disease		Humans	plasma		29792883	Plasma samples from patients with IBD had a higher abundance of large-size glycans compared with controls, a decreased relative abundance of hybrid and high-mannose structures, lower fucosylation, lower galactosylation, and higher sialylation (α2,3- and α2,6-linked).
bisection	increased level							diagnostic|predictive	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease		Humans	plasma		29792883	We could discriminate plasma from patients with CD from that of patients with UC based on higher bisection, lower galactosylation, and higher sialylation (α2,3-linked).
galactosylation	decreased level							diagnostic|predictive	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease		Humans	plasma		29792883	We could discriminate plasma from patients with CD from that of patients with UC based on higher bisection, lower galactosylation, and higher sialylation (α2,3-linked).
sialylation (α2,3-linked)	increased level							diagnostic|predictive	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease		Humans	plasma		29792883	We could discriminate plasma from patients with CD from that of patients with UC based on higher bisection, lower galactosylation, and higher sialylation (α2,3-linked).
sialyl Lewis x	increased level	serum proteins		Glycoproteins					MAN1B1-CDG	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		human	serum	Humans	26401844	We have identified and quantified novel hybrid high-mannosylated MAN1B1-CDG-specific IgG glycans and found an increase of sialyl Lewis x (sLex) glycans on serum proteins of all patients.
glycosaminoglycans	loss of structure	Carbonic Anhydrase IX		Carbonic Anhydrase IX|CA9 protein, human					tumor	Cell Line, Tumor		human	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	37498074	Cells lacking glycosaminoglycan modification of CAIX also showed reduced migration and invasion, indicating CAIX glycosaminoglycans' involvement in these processes.
glycosaminoglycans	decreased level	Carbonic Anhydrase IX		Carbonic Anhydrase IX|CA9 protein, human					inflammatory environment in hypoxia	Hypoxia		human	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	37498074	We also observed reduced CAIX GAG glycans in the inflammatory environment in hypoxia, pathophysiological conditions reflecting in vivo tumor microenvironment.
total IgG1 bisection	decreased level	total IgG1		Immunoglobulin G					COVID-19	COVID-19		Humans		Humans	36389824	We found that hospitalized COVID-19 patients displayed decreased levels of total IgG1 bisection and galactosylation and lowered anti-S IgG1 fucosylation and bisection as compared to mild outpatients.
total IgG1 galactosylation	decreased level	total IgG1		Immunoglobulin G					COVID-19	COVID-19		Humans		Humans	36389824	We found that hospitalized COVID-19 patients displayed decreased levels of total IgG1 bisection and galactosylation and lowered anti-S IgG1 fucosylation and bisection as compared to mild outpatients.
anti-S IgG1 fucosylation	decreased level	anti-S IgG1		Immunoglobulin G					COVID-19	COVID-19		Humans		Humans	36389824	We found that hospitalized COVID-19 patients displayed decreased levels of total IgG1 bisection and galactosylation and lowered anti-S IgG1 fucosylation and bisection as compared to mild outpatients.
anti-S IgG1 bisection	decreased level	anti-S IgG1		Immunoglobulin G					COVID-19	COVID-19		Humans		Humans	36389824	We found that hospitalized COVID-19 patients displayed decreased levels of total IgG1 bisection and galactosylation and lowered anti-S IgG1 fucosylation and bisection as compared to mild outpatients.
galactosylated N-glycans	increased level	salivary proteins		Salivary Proteins and Peptides				diagnostic	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		Humans	saliva	Salivary Proteins and Peptides	36349801	The results showed that the expression level of galactosylated glycans recognized by BS-I was significantly increased in patients with LC compared with BPD and HV.
galactosylated N-glycans	increased level	salivary proteins		Salivary Proteins and Peptides				diagnostic	lung adenocarcinoma			Humans	saliva	Salivary Proteins and Peptides	36349801	Also, the proportion of galactosylated N-glycans in ADC (38.4%), SCC (43.1%), and SCLC (39.5%) increased compared to HV (30.1%) and BPD (33.7%), and two galactosylated N-glycan peaks (m/z 1828.683, 2418.853) could be identified only in the LC groups (ADC, SCC, and SCLC).
galactosylated N-glycans	increased level	salivary proteins		Salivary Proteins and Peptides				diagnostic	squamous cell carcinoma			Humans	saliva	Salivary Proteins and Peptides	36349801	Also, the proportion of galactosylated N-glycans in ADC (38.4%), SCC (43.1%), and SCLC (39.5%) increased compared to HV (30.1%) and BPD (33.7%), and two galactosylated N-glycan peaks (m/z 1828.683, 2418.853) could be identified only in the LC groups (ADC, SCC, and SCLC).
galactosylated N-glycans	increased level	salivary proteins		Salivary Proteins and Peptides				diagnostic	small-cell lung cancer	Small Cell Lung Carcinoma		Humans	saliva	Salivary Proteins and Peptides	36349801	Also, the proportion of galactosylated N-glycans in ADC (38.4%), SCC (43.1%), and SCLC (39.5%) increased compared to HV (30.1%) and BPD (33.7%), and two galactosylated N-glycan peaks (m/z 1828.683, 2418.853) could be identified only in the LC groups (ADC, SCC, and SCLC).
Lewis-X	acquisition of structure				FT4|FT9		FUT4 protein, human|		cell migration			Humans	mesenchymal stem cells	Mesenchymal Stem Cells	29593094	FT4 and FT9 dominantly biosynthesize Le<X>, and, among all FTs, FT6 holds a unique capacity in creating sLe<X> and Le<X> determinants across protein and lipid glycoconjugates.
sialyl Lewis-X	acquisition of structure				FT3|FT5|FT6|FT7		|		cell migration			Humans	mesenchymal stem cells	Mesenchymal Stem Cells	29593094	The data show that biosynthesis of sLe<X> is driven by FTs-3, -5, -6, and -7, with FT6 and FT7 having highest potency.
N58 glycan	loss of structure	PD-1		Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor				response	tumors		immune checkpoint therapy (ICT)	Humans		Humans	35309324	The binding affinity of cemiplimab with PD-1 was substantially decreased with N58-glycan-deficient PD-1, whereas the PD-1/PD-L1 blocking efficiency of cemiplimab was attenuated upon binding to the N58-glycosylation-deficient PD-1.
	undetermined														32211690	Our motivation lies in efficient variable selection to identify glycan biomarkers with regard to accurate prediction as well as interpretability of the model chosen.
glycoforms	altered level							diagnostic	liver fibrosis						25189155	We have employed the combination of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), lectin microarray, liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry-based technique with isotope-coded glycosylation site-specific tagging (IGOT-LC/MS), and bioinformatics to successfully develop a novel diagnostic kit for the quantitative evaluation of liver fibrosis.
N-glycome	altered level							diagnostic	cancer			C57BL/6J mice	brain|liver|kidney|spleen|testis	Kidney|Testis	28262709	The significance of glycomic profiling has been highlighted by recent findings that structural changes of glycans are observed in many diseases, including cancer.
O-glycome	altered level							diagnostic	cancer			C57BL/6J mice	brain|liver|kidney|spleen|testis	Kidney|Testis	28262709	The significance of glycomic profiling has been highlighted by recent findings that structural changes of glycans are observed in many diseases, including cancer.
nonsialylated, nonfucosylated N-glycans	increased level							diagnostic	osteonecrosis of the femoral head	Femur Head Necrosis		Humans	Serum	Serum	29224385	The increase of nonsialylated, nonfucosylated N-glycans and decrease of fucosylated N-glycans are associated with the development of osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
fucosylated N-glycans	decreased level							diagnostic	osteonecrosis of the femoral head	Femur Head Necrosis		Humans	Serum	Serum	29224385	The increase of nonsialylated, nonfucosylated N-glycans and decrease of fucosylated N-glycans are associated with the development of osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	liver diseases			Mouse	serum		27601404	Furthermore, total serum glycomics of STAM mouse were unveiled as an initial step to identify novel biomarkers of liver diseases, with which we could identify several glycans with expression significantly increased or decreased expression.
O-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	liver diseases			Mouse	serum		27601404	Furthermore, total serum glycomics of STAM mouse were unveiled as an initial step to identify novel biomarkers of liver diseases, with which we could identify several glycans with expression significantly increased or decreased expression.
glycosphingolipid (GSL)-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	liver diseases			Mouse	serum		27601404	Furthermore, total serum glycomics of STAM mouse were unveiled as an initial step to identify novel biomarkers of liver diseases, with which we could identify several glycans with expression significantly increased or decreased expression.
monoantennary N-glycan	increased level							diagnostic	rectal carcinoma	Carcinoma|Rectal Neoplasms		human	rectal tissue	Rectal Neoplasms	25452313	We found differences in glycosylation between adenomas and carcinomas: monoantennary, sialylated, pauci-mannose, and small high-mannose N-glycan structures were more common in carcinomas than in adenomas.
sialylated N-glycan	increased level							diagnostic	rectal carcinoma	Carcinoma|Rectal Neoplasms		human	rectal tissue	Rectal Neoplasms	25452313	We found differences in glycosylation between adenomas and carcinomas: monoantennary, sialylated, pauci-mannose, and small high-mannose N-glycan structures were more common in carcinomas than in adenomas.
pauci-mannose N-glycan	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	rectal carcinoma	Carcinoma|Rectal Neoplasms		human	rectal tissue	Rectal Neoplasms	25452313	We found differences in glycosylation between adenomas and carcinomas: monoantennary, sialylated, pauci-mannose, and small high-mannose N-glycan structures were more common in carcinomas than in adenomas.
small high-mannose N-glycan	increased level							diagnostic	rectal carcinoma	Carcinoma|Rectal Neoplasms		human	rectal tissue	Rectal Neoplasms	25452313	We found differences in glycosylation between adenomas and carcinomas: monoantennary, sialylated, pauci-mannose, and small high-mannose N-glycan structures were more common in carcinomas than in adenomas.
sialyl Lewis a	increased level							prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	colorectal tissue	Colorectal Neoplasms	25452313	In colorectal cancer, poor prognosis correlated with elevated expression of sialyl Lewis a, and in advanced colorectal cancer, poor prognosis correlated with elevated expression of pauci-mannose.
N-linked glycans	altered level							diagnostic	pluripotency			human	embryonic stem cells	Embryonic Stem Cells	23345451	The proposed method enabled mass spectrometry-based structurally intensive analyses, both qualitatively and quantitatively, of cellular N- and O-linked glycans derived from glycoproteins, glycosaminoglycans, and glycosphingolipids, as well as free oligosaccharides of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), and various human cells derived from normal and carcinoma cells.
O-linked glycans	altered level							diagnostic	pluripotency			human	embryonic stem cells	Embryonic Stem Cells	23345451	The proposed method enabled mass spectrometry-based structurally intensive analyses, both qualitatively and quantitatively, of cellular N- and O-linked glycans derived from glycoproteins, glycosaminoglycans, and glycosphingolipids, as well as free oligosaccharides of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), and various human cells derived from normal and carcinoma cells.
HexNAc4 Hex5 Fuc1	altered level							diagnostic	idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder	REM Sleep Behavior Disorder		Humans	serum		30168606	N-glycans with the composition of HexNAc4 Hex5 Fuc1, HexNAc5 Hex5, and HexNAc4 Hex5 Fuc1 NeuAc1 presented the most substantial difference between controls and RBD patients (p < 0.01).
HexNAc5 Hex5	altered level							diagnostic	idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder	REM Sleep Behavior Disorder		Humans	serum		30168606	N-glycans with the composition of HexNAc4 Hex5 Fuc1, HexNAc5 Hex5, and HexNAc4 Hex5 Fuc1 NeuAc1 presented the most substantial difference between controls and RBD patients (p < 0.01).
HexNAc4 Hex5 Fuc1 NeuAc1	altered level							diagnostic	idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder	REM Sleep Behavior Disorder		Humans	serum		30168606	N-glycans with the composition of HexNAc4 Hex5 Fuc1, HexNAc5 Hex5, and HexNAc4 Hex5 Fuc1 NeuAc1 presented the most substantial difference between controls and RBD patients (p < 0.01).
HexNAc4 Hex5 Fuc1 NeuAc1 (4511-2)	increased level							diagnostic	idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder	REM Sleep Behavior Disorder		Humans	serum		30168606	HexNAc4 Hex5 Fuc1 NeuAc1 (4511-2) and HexNAc4 Hex5 Fuc1 NeuAc2 (4512-2) showed the most substantial difference between the control and idiopathic RBD cohorts (p < 0.001).
HexNAc4 Hex5 Fuc1 NeuAc2 (4512-2)	increased level							diagnostic	idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder	REM Sleep Behavior Disorder		Humans	serum		30168606	HexNAc4 Hex5 Fuc1 NeuAc1 (4511-2) and HexNAc4 Hex5 Fuc1 NeuAc2 (4512-2) showed the most substantial difference between the control and idiopathic RBD cohorts (p < 0.001).
N-glycan	unaltered level							monitoring	Type 2 diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans			33856266	N-glycan profiles were stable over 6-month period in T2DM patients and could be used to monitor biochemical changes in relation with T2DM comorbidities.
core1 glycans with 6-sulfo Lewis X	increased level							diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		28025252	Comparison of the profiles from 20 healthy controls with those of 11 gastric and 9 pancreatic cancer patients identified 14 marker candidates.
core1 glycans with 6-sulfo Lewis X	increased level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		28025252	Comparison of the profiles from 20 healthy controls with those of 11 gastric and 9 pancreatic cancer patients identified 14 marker candidates.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|monitoring	cancer			Mice	intestinal epithelial cells		37216646	Using this approach, we could detect Tn+ glycoproteins at subnanogram levels using cell lines and culture media, serum, and stool samples from mice engineered to express the Tn antigen in intestinal epithelial cells.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|monitoring	carcinoma	Carcinoma		Humans	tumor specimens		37216646	These reagents were validated by immunohistochemistry in recognizing the Tn antigen using hundreds of human tumor specimens.
galactosylation	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	pregnancy	Pregnancy		Camelus dromedarius	serum	Serum	27428249	Significant pregnancy-associated but breed-independent increases in galactosylation, core-fucosylation, sialylation, and decreases in serum O-acetylation were observed.
core-fucosylation	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	pregnancy	Pregnancy		Camelus dromedarius	serum	Serum	27428249	Significant pregnancy-associated but breed-independent increases in galactosylation, core-fucosylation, sialylation, and decreases in serum O-acetylation were observed.
sialylation	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	pregnancy	Pregnancy		Camelus dromedarius	serum	Serum	27428249	Significant pregnancy-associated but breed-independent increases in galactosylation, core-fucosylation, sialylation, and decreases in serum O-acetylation were observed.
O-acetylation	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	pregnancy	Pregnancy		Camelus dromedarius	serum	Serum	27428249	Significant pregnancy-associated but breed-independent increases in galactosylation, core-fucosylation, sialylation, and decreases in serum O-acetylation were observed.
high mannose glycans	increased level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic|monitoring	Phosphoglucomutase 1 deficiency		D-galactose	Humans	plasma		30048639	Total plasma glycoprofiling showed an increase in high mannose glycans and fucosylation, while global galactosylation and sialylation were severely decreased.
fucosylation	increased level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic|monitoring	Phosphoglucomutase 1 deficiency		D-galactose	Humans	plasma		30048639	Total plasma glycoprofiling showed an increase in high mannose glycans and fucosylation, while global galactosylation and sialylation were severely decreased.
galactosylation	decreased level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic|monitoring	Phosphoglucomutase 1 deficiency		D-galactose	Humans	plasma		30048639	Total plasma glycoprofiling showed an increase in high mannose glycans and fucosylation, while global galactosylation and sialylation were severely decreased.
sialylation	decreased level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic|monitoring	Phosphoglucomutase 1 deficiency		D-galactose	Humans	plasma		30048639	Total plasma glycoprofiling showed an increase in high mannose glycans and fucosylation, while global galactosylation and sialylation were severely decreased.
glycosylation	altered level							diagnostic	unfavorable cervical mucus		hormonal contraceptives	Humans	endocervical mucus	Cervix Mucus	31073726	We identified molecular signatures of unfavorable mucus from women in the luteal phase and on hormonal contraceptives.
glycosylation	altered level							diagnostic	infertility			Humans	endocervical mucus	Cervix Mucus	31073726	Further characterization of these biomarkers may be useful in contraceptive development and in evaluation of infertility.
O-glycans	loss of structure	interleukin 2 receptor α subunit|transferrin receptor|cluster of differentiation 8a		Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit|Receptors, Transferrin|CD8 Antigens								Humans	HeLa Cells	Humans|HeLa Cells	32826314	Here, we discovered that transmembrane secretory cargos, such as interleukin 2 receptor α subunit or Tac, transferrin receptor, and cluster of differentiation 8a, unexpectedly displayed substantial Golgi localization when their O-glycosylation was compromised.
N-glycans	acquisition of structure	GFP										Humans	HeLa Cells	Humans|HeLa Cells	32826314	Finally, the finding that N-glycosylated GFP substantially reduces the Golgi residence time of a Tac chimera suggests that N-glycans might have a similar effect.
N-glycosylation	altered level								cellular malfunction			human	serum		26161579	Alternation of N-glycosylation is associated with cellular malfunction and development of disease.
N-glycosylation	altered level							diagnostic	disease			human	serum		26161579	Thus, investigation of protein N-glycosylation is crucial for diagnosis and treatment of disease.
IgG N-glycans	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	hypertension	Hypertension		Humans	plasma		28692416	This study indicates that alteration in Fc N-glycopeptide profiles of plasma IgG subclasses is associated with blood pressure status in the Kazakh population.
N-glycosylation at Asn 13	loss of structure	human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human					infertility		treatment of infertility	Humans		Humans	36858250	Structural characterization using a combination of analytical techniques has demonstrated that β1-subunit is derived from non-glycosylation at Asn 13, whereas β2-subunit is a normal species with complete N-glycosylation at both Asn 13 and Asn 30.
N-glycosylation at Asn 13	loss of structure	human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human					corpus luteum defect		treatment of corpus luteum defect	Humans		Humans	36858250	Structural characterization using a combination of analytical techniques has demonstrated that β1-subunit is derived from non-glycosylation at Asn 13, whereas β2-subunit is a normal species with complete N-glycosylation at both Asn 13 and Asn 30.
sialyl Tn antigen	unaltered level							diagnostic	tumor	Neoplasms		human	serum	Humans	24663386	Two kinds of clinically applied tumor markers namely sialyl Tn antigen and sialyl Lewis X antigen in healthy controls sera were revealed to be present at ∼0.1-0.2% of the total.
sialyl Lewis X antigen	unaltered level							diagnostic	tumor	Neoplasms		human	serum	Humans	24663386	Two kinds of clinically applied tumor markers namely sialyl Tn antigen and sialyl Lewis X antigen in healthy controls sera were revealed to be present at ∼0.1-0.2% of the total.
trisialylated monofucosylated triantennary glycan (A3F)	increased level	alpha-1 antitrypsin		alpha 1-Antitrypsin				diagnostic	nonalcoholic steatohepatitis	Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease		Humans	serum		31266306	Among them, trisialylated monofucosylated triantennary glycan (A3F) of alpha-1 antitrypsin showed the most dynamic change.
core-fucosylated N-glycans	increased level	α-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins					HCC			Humans	Huh7 cells	Cell Line	26063621	The total percentages of core-fucosylated AFP N-glycans from Huh7 cells and normal cord blood were 98 and 18%, respectively.
core-fucosylated N-glycans	decreased level	α-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins					normal			Humans	cord blood	Fetal Blood	26063621	The total percentages of core-fucosylated AFP N-glycans from Huh7 cells and normal cord blood were 98 and 18%, respectively.
N-glycans	altered level	immunoglobulin G		Polysaccharides				diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	blood		37260026	The glycan structure showed considerable differences between AD and controls.
IgG N-glycosylation	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				predictive	various diseases			Humans		Humans	39337475	Studies indicate that IgG glycosylation not only associates with various diseases but also has predictive capabilities.
IgG N-glycosylation	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				predictive	cardiovascular events			Humans		Humans	39337475	Our results demonstrated that IgG glycome composition effectively predicts several biochemical and physiological parameters, especially those related to lipid and glucose metabolism and cardiovascular events.
extended O-glycans	loss of structure	T cells			Cosmc	C1GalT1C1	Cosmc protein, mouse		T cell persistence			mouse	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	31317176	Loss of Cosmc is highly deleterious to T cell persistence, with near-complete elimination of Cosmc-null T cells from spleen and lymph nodes.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	T cells			Cosmc	C1GalT1C1	Cosmc protein, mouse		T cell persistence			mouse	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	31317176	Using a conditional knockout of the gene (C1GalT1C1 or Cosmc) encoding the specific chaperone Cosmc, we generated mice whose T cells lack extended O-glycans (T cell conditional Cosmc knock out or TCKO mice) and homogeneously express the truncated Tn antigen.
N-linked glycans	unaltered level	mu-opioid receptor		Receptors, Opioid, mu					oestrus	Estrus		mare	isthmus of oviduct	Fallopian Tubes	18283640	In ciliated cells the mu-opioid receptor showed N-linked glycans, since the immunoreactivity was abolished after N-glycosidase F treatment, whereas it was preserved in the apical region after beta-elimination.
O-linked oligosaccharides	unaltered level	mu-opioid receptor		Receptors, Opioid, mu					oestrus	Estrus		mare	isthmus of oviduct	Fallopian Tubes	18283640	Most non-ciliated cells expressed the mu-opioid receptor with both N- and O-linked oligosaccharides, as revealed by the abolition of immunostaining after N-glycosidase F and beta-elimination.
glycans	increased level							diagnostic	acute interstitial nephritis		diclofenac	chicken	plasma		29462429	Levels of 14 glycans increased between pre- and post administration in kidney-damaged chickens in the diclofenac group, and some of these glycans had the same presumptive composition as those in human renal carcinoma patients.
glycans	unaltered level							diagnostic	acute tubular necrosis		cisplatin	chicken	plasma		29462429	Glycan levels did not change remarkably in the cisplatin group.
N-glycan branching	increased level	Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				risk|diagnostic|prognostic	type 2 diabetes			Humans	blood plasma		33493676	Individuals at higher risk of diabetes presented increased N-glycan branching on AGP's second glycosylation site and lower sialylation of N-glycans on AGP's third and AGP1's fourth glycosylation site.
sialylation of N-glycans	decreased level	Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				risk|diagnostic|prognostic	type 2 diabetes			Humans	blood plasma		33493676	Individuals at higher risk of diabetes presented increased N-glycan branching on AGP's second glycosylation site and lower sialylation of N-glycans on AGP's third and AGP1's fourth glycosylation site.
neutral N-glycan H3N5	altered level							diagnostic|prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	CRC tissue samples	Colorectal Neoplasms	32598367	Multiple significant differences were found in the levels of glycans and glycan classes when stage II and III samples were compared, and these glycans could be of value as candidates for new markers of cancer progression.
acidic glycans H4N3F1P1	altered level							diagnostic|prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	CRC tissue samples	Colorectal Neoplasms	32598367	Additionally, the levels of the acidic glycans H4N3F1P1, H5N4F1P1, and S1H5N4F1 were found to change in a cancer-specific but colon location-nonspecific manner, indicating that CRC affects glycan levels in similar ways regardless of tumor location.
acidic glycans H5N4F1P1	altered level							diagnostic|prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	CRC tissue samples	Colorectal Neoplasms	32598367	Additionally, the levels of the acidic glycans H4N3F1P1, H5N4F1P1, and S1H5N4F1 were found to change in a cancer-specific but colon location-nonspecific manner, indicating that CRC affects glycan levels in similar ways regardless of tumor location.
acidic glycans S1H5N4F1	altered level							diagnostic|prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	CRC tissue samples	Colorectal Neoplasms	32598367	Additionally, the levels of the acidic glycans H4N3F1P1, H5N4F1P1, and S1H5N4F1 were found to change in a cancer-specific but colon location-nonspecific manner, indicating that CRC affects glycan levels in similar ways regardless of tumor location.
bisecting N-acetylglucosamine	decreased level	IgG2		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				diagnostic	type 2 diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	serum		31393219	Furthermore, we observed in T2DM a decrease in bisecting N-acetylglucosamine of IgG2 and agalactosylation of IgG4, and an increase in sialylation of IgG4 and digalactosylation of IgG2.
agalactosylation	decreased level	IgG4		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				diagnostic	type 2 diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	serum		31393219	Furthermore, we observed in T2DM a decrease in bisecting N-acetylglucosamine of IgG2 and agalactosylation of IgG4, and an increase in sialylation of IgG4 and digalactosylation of IgG2.
sialylation	increased level	IgG4		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				diagnostic	type 2 diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	serum		31393219	Furthermore, we observed in T2DM a decrease in bisecting N-acetylglucosamine of IgG2 and agalactosylation of IgG4, and an increase in sialylation of IgG4 and digalactosylation of IgG2.
digalactosylation	increased level	IgG2		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				diagnostic	type 2 diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	serum		31393219	Furthermore, we observed in T2DM a decrease in bisecting N-acetylglucosamine of IgG2 and agalactosylation of IgG4, and an increase in sialylation of IgG4 and digalactosylation of IgG2.
N-glycome	altered level							diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Neoplasms		Human	serum	Humans	20816476	Based on the method, we have detected potential differences of N-glycome between sera from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and healthy donor.
NGA2F	increased ratio							diagnostic|monitoring	dementia	Dementia		human	serum		20801208	Patients with dementia or Cockayne syndrome had a higher GlycoAgeTest level than age-matched healthy individuals.
NGA2F	increased ratio							diagnostic|monitoring	Cockayne syndrome	Cockayne Syndrome		human	serum		20801208	Patients with dementia or Cockayne syndrome had a higher GlycoAgeTest level than age-matched healthy individuals.
NA2F	increased ratio							diagnostic|monitoring	dementia	Dementia		human	serum		20801208	Patients with dementia or Cockayne syndrome had a higher GlycoAgeTest level than age-matched healthy individuals.
NA2F	increased ratio							diagnostic|monitoring	Cockayne syndrome	Cockayne Syndrome		human	serum		20801208	Patients with dementia or Cockayne syndrome had a higher GlycoAgeTest level than age-matched healthy individuals.
N-glycan	altered level							diagnostic	disease			Human	serum	Humans	31721442	N-glycosylation is a post-translational modification of pathophysiological importance and is often studied in the context of disease biomarkers.
NA2	increased level							diagnostic	psoriasis	Psoriasis		Humans	serum		33507566	Compared with the healthy controls, the relative abundance of structures in peaks 5(NA2), 9(NA3Fb), 11(NA4), and 12(NA4Fb) was elevated (p < .05), while that in peaks 3(NG1A2F), 4(NG1A2F), 6(NA2F), and 7(NA2FB) was decreased (p < .05) in the psoriasis group.
NA3Fb	increased level							diagnostic	psoriasis	Psoriasis		Humans	serum		33507566	Compared with the healthy controls, the relative abundance of structures in peaks 5(NA2), 9(NA3Fb), 11(NA4), and 12(NA4Fb) was elevated (p < .05), while that in peaks 3(NG1A2F), 4(NG1A2F), 6(NA2F), and 7(NA2FB) was decreased (p < .05) in the psoriasis group.
NA4	increased level							diagnostic	psoriasis	Psoriasis		Humans	serum		33507566	Compared with the healthy controls, the relative abundance of structures in peaks 5(NA2), 9(NA3Fb), 11(NA4), and 12(NA4Fb) was elevated (p < .05), while that in peaks 3(NG1A2F), 4(NG1A2F), 6(NA2F), and 7(NA2FB) was decreased (p < .05) in the psoriasis group.
NA4Fb	increased level							diagnostic	psoriasis	Psoriasis		Humans	serum		33507566	Compared with the healthy controls, the relative abundance of structures in peaks 5(NA2), 9(NA3Fb), 11(NA4), and 12(NA4Fb) was elevated (p < .05), while that in peaks 3(NG1A2F), 4(NG1A2F), 6(NA2F), and 7(NA2FB) was decreased (p < .05) in the psoriasis group.
NG1A2F	decreased level							diagnostic	psoriasis	Psoriasis		Humans	serum		33507566	Compared with the healthy controls, the relative abundance of structures in peaks 5(NA2), 9(NA3Fb), 11(NA4), and 12(NA4Fb) was elevated (p < .05), while that in peaks 3(NG1A2F), 4(NG1A2F), 6(NA2F), and 7(NA2FB) was decreased (p < .05) in the psoriasis group.
NA2F	decreased level							diagnostic	psoriasis	Psoriasis		Humans	serum		33507566	Compared with the healthy controls, the relative abundance of structures in peaks 5(NA2), 9(NA3Fb), 11(NA4), and 12(NA4Fb) was elevated (p < .05), while that in peaks 3(NG1A2F), 4(NG1A2F), 6(NA2F), and 7(NA2FB) was decreased (p < .05) in the psoriasis group.
NA2FB	decreased level							diagnostic	psoriasis	Psoriasis		Humans	serum		33507566	Compared with the healthy controls, the relative abundance of structures in peaks 5(NA2), 9(NA3Fb), 11(NA4), and 12(NA4Fb) was elevated (p < .05), while that in peaks 3(NG1A2F), 4(NG1A2F), 6(NA2F), and 7(NA2FB) was decreased (p < .05) in the psoriasis group.
Lewis A	undetermined								cancer		anticancer immunotherapies				37023470	Despite the interesting potential of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) dimLea and LebLea to develop anticancer immunotherapies, little research has been conducted on these antigens.
Lewis B-Lewis A	undetermined								cancer		anticancer immunotherapies				37023470	Despite the interesting potential of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) dimLea and LebLea to develop anticancer immunotherapies, little research has been conducted on these antigens.
bigalacto core-α-1,6-fucosylated biantennary glycan	decreased level							predictive	silent brain infarcts	Brain Infarction		Humans	serum		26597154	Decreasing concentrations of bigalacto core-α-1,6-fucosylated biantennary glycan and increasing concentrations of branching α-1,3-fucosylated triantennary glycan remained as independent predictors of SBIs (odds ratio 0.4, 95% CI 0.3-0.7 and odds ratio 1.8, 95% CI 1-3.2, respectively), after controlling for the presence of age and classic vascular risk factors.
branching α-1,3-fucosylated triantennary glycan	increased level							predictive	silent brain infarcts	Brain Infarction		Humans	serum		26597154	Decreasing concentrations of bigalacto core-α-1,6-fucosylated biantennary glycan and increasing concentrations of branching α-1,3-fucosylated triantennary glycan remained as independent predictors of SBIs (odds ratio 0.4, 95% CI 0.3-0.7 and odds ratio 1.8, 95% CI 1-3.2, respectively), after controlling for the presence of age and classic vascular risk factors.
N-linked glycosylation	altered level	vitronectin						diagnostic	esophageal cancer	Esophageal Neoplasms		human	blood serum		24946017	We applied our method to an esophageal cancer study based on blood serum samples from cancer patients in an attempt to detect potential biomarkers of site-specific N-linked glycosylation.
α2,3-linked sialic acid	increased level							diagnostic				Canis lupus familiaris	bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	Mesenchymal Stem Cells	28906588	In addition, cMSCs expressed more α2,3-linked sialic acid (MAL II), terminal lactosamine (RCA120), and α1,6 and α1,3 fucosylated oligosaccharides (PSA, LTA); oMSCs exhibited more T antigen (Jacalin), GalNAcα1,3(LFucα1,2)Galβ1,3/4GlcNAcβ1 (DBA), chitotriose (succinylated WGA), and α1,2-linked fucose (UEA I); and eMSCs showed a higher density of α2,6 sialic acids (SNA) and high mannose N-glycans (Con A).
terminal lactosamine	increased level							diagnostic				Canis lupus familiaris	bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	Mesenchymal Stem Cells	28906588	In addition, cMSCs expressed more α2,3-linked sialic acid (MAL II), terminal lactosamine (RCA120), and α1,6 and α1,3 fucosylated oligosaccharides (PSA, LTA); oMSCs exhibited more T antigen (Jacalin), GalNAcα1,3(LFucα1,2)Galβ1,3/4GlcNAcβ1 (DBA), chitotriose (succinylated WGA), and α1,2-linked fucose (UEA I); and eMSCs showed a higher density of α2,6 sialic acids (SNA) and high mannose N-glycans (Con A).
α1,6 and α1,3 fucosylated oligosaccharides	increased level							diagnostic				Canis lupus familiaris	bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	Mesenchymal Stem Cells	28906588	In addition, cMSCs expressed more α2,3-linked sialic acid (MAL II), terminal lactosamine (RCA120), and α1,6 and α1,3 fucosylated oligosaccharides (PSA, LTA); oMSCs exhibited more T antigen (Jacalin), GalNAcα1,3(LFucα1,2)Galβ1,3/4GlcNAcβ1 (DBA), chitotriose (succinylated WGA), and α1,2-linked fucose (UEA I); and eMSCs showed a higher density of α2,6 sialic acids (SNA) and high mannose N-glycans (Con A).
T antigen	increased level							diagnostic				Ovis aries	bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	Mesenchymal Stem Cells	28906588	In addition, cMSCs expressed more α2,3-linked sialic acid (MAL II), terminal lactosamine (RCA120), and α1,6 and α1,3 fucosylated oligosaccharides (PSA, LTA); oMSCs exhibited more T antigen (Jacalin), GalNAcα1,3(LFucα1,2)Galβ1,3/4GlcNAcβ1 (DBA), chitotriose (succinylated WGA), and α1,2-linked fucose (UEA I); and eMSCs showed a higher density of α2,6 sialic acids (SNA) and high mannose N-glycans (Con A).
GalNAcα1,3(LFucα1,2)Galβ1,3/4GlcNAcβ1	increased level							diagnostic				Ovis aries	bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	Mesenchymal Stem Cells	28906588	In addition, cMSCs expressed more α2,3-linked sialic acid (MAL II), terminal lactosamine (RCA120), and α1,6 and α1,3 fucosylated oligosaccharides (PSA, LTA); oMSCs exhibited more T antigen (Jacalin), GalNAcα1,3(LFucα1,2)Galβ1,3/4GlcNAcβ1 (DBA), chitotriose (succinylated WGA), and α1,2-linked fucose (UEA I); and eMSCs showed a higher density of α2,6 sialic acids (SNA) and high mannose N-glycans (Con A).
chitotriose	increased level							diagnostic				Ovis aries	bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	Mesenchymal Stem Cells	28906588	In addition, cMSCs expressed more α2,3-linked sialic acid (MAL II), terminal lactosamine (RCA120), and α1,6 and α1,3 fucosylated oligosaccharides (PSA, LTA); oMSCs exhibited more T antigen (Jacalin), GalNAcα1,3(LFucα1,2)Galβ1,3/4GlcNAcβ1 (DBA), chitotriose (succinylated WGA), and α1,2-linked fucose (UEA I); and eMSCs showed a higher density of α2,6 sialic acids (SNA) and high mannose N-glycans (Con A).
α1,2-linked fucose	increased level							diagnostic				Ovis aries	bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	Mesenchymal Stem Cells	28906588	In addition, cMSCs expressed more α2,3-linked sialic acid (MAL II), terminal lactosamine (RCA120), and α1,6 and α1,3 fucosylated oligosaccharides (PSA, LTA); oMSCs exhibited more T antigen (Jacalin), GalNAcα1,3(LFucα1,2)Galβ1,3/4GlcNAcβ1 (DBA), chitotriose (succinylated WGA), and α1,2-linked fucose (UEA I); and eMSCs showed a higher density of α2,6 sialic acids (SNA) and high mannose N-glycans (Con A).
α2,6 sialic acids	increased level							diagnostic				Equus caballus	bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	Mesenchymal Stem Cells	28906588	In addition, cMSCs expressed more α2,3-linked sialic acid (MAL II), terminal lactosamine (RCA120), and α1,6 and α1,3 fucosylated oligosaccharides (PSA, LTA); oMSCs exhibited more T antigen (Jacalin), GalNAcα1,3(LFucα1,2)Galβ1,3/4GlcNAcβ1 (DBA), chitotriose (succinylated WGA), and α1,2-linked fucose (UEA I); and eMSCs showed a higher density of α2,6 sialic acids (SNA) and high mannose N-glycans (Con A).
high mannose N-glycans	increased level							diagnostic				Equus caballus	bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells	Mesenchymal Stem Cells	28906588	In addition, cMSCs expressed more α2,3-linked sialic acid (MAL II), terminal lactosamine (RCA120), and α1,6 and α1,3 fucosylated oligosaccharides (PSA, LTA); oMSCs exhibited more T antigen (Jacalin), GalNAcα1,3(LFucα1,2)Galβ1,3/4GlcNAcβ1 (DBA), chitotriose (succinylated WGA), and α1,2-linked fucose (UEA I); and eMSCs showed a higher density of α2,6 sialic acids (SNA) and high mannose N-glycans (Con A).
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	esophageal adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma|Esophageal Neoplasms		Humans	serum		20412957	We demonstrated that comparative glycomic profiling of esophageal adenocarcinoma reveals a subset of glycans that can be selected as candidate biomarkers.
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	high-grade dysplasia	Precancerous Conditions		Humans	serum		20412957	These markers can differentiate normal from high-grade dysplasia, normal from esophageal adenocarcinoma, and high-grade dysplasia from esophageal adenocarcinoma.
N-glycans	unaltered level							diagnostic	Barrett's metaplasia	Barrett Esophagus|Metaplasia		Humans	serum		20412957	Serum samples from patients with Barrett's metaplasia (N = 5), high-grade dysplasia (N = 11), and esophageal adenocarcinoma (N = 50) were collected; samples from 18 healthy volunteers were used as control.
Thomson-nouveau antigen (Tn)	increased level							prognostic	epithelial cancers	Neoplasms		Humans	cancer tissue	Neoplasms	36648436	In epithelial cancers, truncated O-glycans, such as the Thomson-nouveau antigen (Tn) and its sialylated form (STn), are upregulated on the cell surface and associated with poor prognosis and immunological escape.
sialylated Thomson-nouveau antigen (STn)	increased level							prognostic	epithelial cancers	Neoplasms		Humans	cancer tissue	Neoplasms	36648436	In epithelial cancers, truncated O-glycans, such as the Thomson-nouveau antigen (Tn) and its sialylated form (STn), are upregulated on the cell surface and associated with poor prognosis and immunological escape.
plasma glycome	altered level							predictive|risk|prognostic	cardiovascular disease	Cardiovascular Diseases		human	plasma		30183373	Here, we applied a newly developed and easy to deploy, multitarget, and high-throughput glycomic analysis to banked HIV+ human plasma samples to determine whether the glycome may include biomarkers that predict future HIV-associated cardiovascular events or CVD diagnoses.
core-fucosylated biantennary glycans	increased level								hormone use		oral contraceptives	human	plasma		22256781	Significant differences associated with usage of oral contraceptives were found with increased core-fucosylated biantennary glycans.
core-fucosylated biantennary glycans	decreased level								anti-inflammatory drug use		anti-inflammatory drugs	human	plasma		22256781	Decreases in core-fucosylated biantennary glycans, core-fucosylated triantennary glycans with outer-arm fucose, and high mannosylated glycans were associated with the use of anti-inflammatory drugs.
core-fucosylated triantennary glycans with outer-arm fucose	decreased level								anti-inflammatory drug use		anti-inflammatory drugs	human	plasma		22256781	Decreases in core-fucosylated biantennary glycans, core-fucosylated triantennary glycans with outer-arm fucose, and high mannosylated glycans were associated with the use of anti-inflammatory drugs.
high mannosylated glycans	decreased level								anti-inflammatory drug use		anti-inflammatory drugs	human	plasma		22256781	Decreases in core-fucosylated biantennary glycans, core-fucosylated triantennary glycans with outer-arm fucose, and high mannosylated glycans were associated with the use of anti-inflammatory drugs.
	undetermined							diagnostic	Alcoholism	Alcoholism		Humans		Humans	10580513	"""Alcohol biomarkers, protein glycosylation, and trafficking"": introduction."
bisected type N-glycans	decreased level	human chorionic gonadotropin		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human				diagnostic	gestational trophoblastic disease	Gestational Trophoblastic Disease		human	urine		32045434	A novel finding was the presence of substantial amounts of bisected type N-glycans in pregnancy hCG samples, which were present at much lower levels in GTD samples.
tri-antennary N-glycans|tetra-antennary N-glycans	decreased level	human chorionic gonadotropin		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human				diagnostic	gestational trophoblastic disease	Gestational Trophoblastic Disease		human	urine		32045434	When compared to EP-hCG, GTD-hCG samples had decreased signals for tri- and tetra-antennary N-glycans.
sialylated structures	increased level	human chorionic gonadotropin		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human				diagnostic	gestational trophoblastic disease	Gestational Trophoblastic Disease		human	urine		32045434	In terms of terminal epitopes, GTD-hCG had increased signals for sialylated structures, while LewisX antigens were of very minor abundance.
fucose	increased level								cutaneous melanoma	Melanoma, Cutaneous Malignant		human	ectosomes	Cell-Derived Microparticles	29959030	Ectosomal proteins revealed enrichment (mainly with fucose and complex type N-glycans with bisecting GlcNAc) or depletion of specific glycoepitopes in comparison to the parental cell membranes.
complex type N-glycans with bisecting GlcNAc	increased level								cutaneous melanoma	Melanoma, Cutaneous Malignant		human	ectosomes	Cell-Derived Microparticles	29959030	Ectosomal proteins revealed enrichment (mainly with fucose and complex type N-glycans with bisecting GlcNAc) or depletion of specific glycoepitopes in comparison to the parental cell membranes.
Tn antigen	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					malignant cell			Human			33560106	Because these two epitopes are among malignant cell glycan displays, particularly when presented by mucin-1 (MUC1), assessing the influence of the site and frequency of glycosylation on lectin recognition will identify determinants governing this interplay.
sTn antigen	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					malignant cell			Human			33560106	Because these two epitopes are among malignant cell glycan displays, particularly when presented by mucin-1 (MUC1), assessing the influence of the site and frequency of glycosylation on lectin recognition will identify determinants governing this interplay.
tri-antennary N-glycans	increased level							risk	cell proliferation	Cell Proliferation		mammals			17418791	The Golgi pathway is ultrasensitive to hexosamine flux for the production of tri- and tetra-antennary N-glycans, which bind to galectins and form a molecular lattice that opposes glycoprotein endocytosis.
tetra-antennary N-glycans	increased level							risk	cell proliferation	Cell Proliferation		mammals			17418791	The Golgi pathway is ultrasensitive to hexosamine flux for the production of tri- and tetra-antennary N-glycans, which bind to galectins and form a molecular lattice that opposes glycoprotein endocytosis.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	tumors	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate	antitumor immunotherapy				33705133	The Tn antigen (GalNAcα1-Thr/Ser) is abundantly expressed in many tumors but rarely found in healthy tissues, which makes it an attractive epitope for antitumor immunotherapy.
glycans	altered level							diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	serum		19882130	Several glycans were identified as potential markers for ovarian, breast, and prostate cancer.
glycans	altered level							diagnostic	breast cancer			human	serum		19882130	Several glycans were identified as potential markers for ovarian, breast, and prostate cancer.
glycans	altered level							diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	serum		19882130	Several glycans were identified as potential markers for ovarian, breast, and prostate cancer.
O-glycoproteomics	altered level							diagnostic	bladder cancer	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans			28782717	Herein, we build on bladder cancer O-glycoproteomics datasets resulting from a hyphenated technique comprising enrichment by Vicia villosa agglutinin (VVA) lectin and nanoLC-ESI-MS/MS to propose an in silico step-by-step tutorial (Panther, UniProtKB, NetOGlyc, NetNGlyc, Oncomine, Cytoscape) for biomarker discovery in cancer.
GAG-NREs	increased level							diagnostic|monitoring	Mucopolysaccharidoses	Mucopolysaccharidoses		Humans	urine		37462780	Specific non-reducing end GAG structures (GAG-NREs) have become promising biomarkers for MPS, as the compositions of the GAG-NREs depend on the nature of the lysosomal enzyme deficiency, thereby creating a specific pattern for each subgroup.
GAG-NREs	decreased level							monitoring	Mucopolysaccharidoses	Mucopolysaccharidoses	treatment	Humans	urine		37462780	Furthermore, a significant reduction of diagnostic urinary GAG-NREs in MPS IH (n = 2) and MPS VI (n = 1) patients under treatment was demonstrated.
Lewis X	acquisition of structure	lysosome-associated membrane protein 1|erythropoietin		Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins	fucosyltransferase 9		Fucosyltransferases						neural stem cells		35831428	In contrast, our previous study showed that fucosyltransferase 9 (FUT9) generates Lewis X glycotopes primarily on lysosome-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP-1) in neural stem cells.
immature truncated O-glycans	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	neoplastic transformation	Neoplasms			cancer cells	Neoplasms	26098314	Neoplastic transformation frequently shows the expression of immature truncated O-glycans.
high mannose	increased level							diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms		Homo sapiens	serum		30592755	Highest abundance (p < 0.001) of high mannose, core-fucosylated, hyperbranched/hypersialylated N-glycans was demonstrated in Ethiopians.
core-fucosylated	increased level							diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms		Homo sapiens	serum		30592755	Highest abundance (p < 0.001) of high mannose, core-fucosylated, hyperbranched/hypersialylated N-glycans was demonstrated in Ethiopians.
hyperbranched/hypersialylated N-glycans	increased level							diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms		Homo sapiens	serum		30592755	Highest abundance (p < 0.001) of high mannose, core-fucosylated, hyperbranched/hypersialylated N-glycans was demonstrated in Ethiopians.
sialic acid	increased level							diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms		Homo sapiens	serum		30592755	Sialic acid level was significantly increased primarily in Ethiopians, compared to the other ethnicities.
α2,6-linked sialic acid	increased level	E-cadherin		Cadherins	ST6GAL1		Sialyltransferases		implantation failure			pig	uterine luminal epithelium	Epithelium	34957619	Notably, the α2,6-linked sialic acid and ST6GAL1 were highly expressed in uterine LE when the endometrial folds extended greatly.
N-linked glycan	altered level							diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial|Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		23380366	To demonstrate the utility of this method, we analyzed and compared serum samples from epithelial ovarian cancer cases (n=46) and healthy control individuals (n=48).
salivary glycopatterns	altered level	salivary proteins		Salivary Proteins and Peptides				diagnostic	Oral lichen planus	Lichen Planus, Oral		Humans	saliva	Saliva	29130773	Structural changes in the glycans of saliva proteins might be reliable indicators of OLP.
O-glycosylated MUC1	altered level	Mucin 1		Mucin-1					carcinogenesis				MCF-7 cancer cells		36892535	In the case of mucin 1 (MUC1), an altered glycosylation pattern is observed in carcinogenesis.
N-glycosylation	increased level	EGFR|ErbB4		EGFR protein, human|ERBB4 protein, human					ErbB-positive cancers	Neoplasms	targeting the heterodimers	Humans		Humans	36427180	The increased stability is most significant at the dimeric interfaces, regulated by packing of three glycans attached to EGFR (Asn337) and ErbB4 (Asn333, Asn523) at the dimeric interface.
high-mannose N-glycans	increased level							diagnostic|predictive	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Human	prostate tumor tissue	Prostate	34131069	Specifically, high-mannose as well as tri-and tetra-antennary N-glycans were more abundant in tumor tissue and increase proportionally with tumor grade.
tri-antennary N-glycans	increased level							diagnostic|predictive	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Human	prostate tumor tissue	Prostate	34131069	Specifically, high-mannose as well as tri-and tetra-antennary N-glycans were more abundant in tumor tissue and increase proportionally with tumor grade.
tetra-antennary N-glycans	increased level							diagnostic|predictive	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Human	prostate tumor tissue	Prostate	34131069	Specifically, high-mannose as well as tri-and tetra-antennary N-glycans were more abundant in tumor tissue and increase proportionally with tumor grade.
Glc₁Man₉GlcNAc₂	decreased level								hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms, Experimental		rat	liver tissue		26034352	Four glycans were increased (P < 0.05) and Glc₁Man₉GlcNAc₂ was decreased (5.89 ± 0.45 vs 3.54 ± 0.21, P < 0.01) in HCC tissues compared to normal liver tissues.
Gal₂Man₃GlcNac₄Fuc₁Neu₁	increased level								hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms, Experimental		rat	liver tissue		26034352	The N-glycomic analysis revealed 5 glycans; Glc₁Man₉GlcNAc₂, Gal₂Man₃GlcNac₄Fuc₁Neu₁, Man₄GlcNac₂, Gal₂Man₃GlcNac₄Neu₃OAc₃, and Man₃GlcNac₅ Fuc₁, which showed significant changes in rat HCC tissues when compared with normal liver tissues.
Man₄GlcNac₂	increased level								hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms, Experimental		rat	liver tissue		26034352	The N-glycomic analysis revealed 5 glycans; Glc₁Man₉GlcNAc₂, Gal₂Man₃GlcNac₄Fuc₁Neu₁, Man₄GlcNac₂, Gal₂Man₃GlcNac₄Neu₃OAc₃, and Man₃GlcNac₅ Fuc₁, which showed significant changes in rat HCC tissues when compared with normal liver tissues.
Gal₂Man₃GlcNac₄Neu₃OAc₃	increased level								hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms, Experimental		rat	liver tissue		26034352	The N-glycomic analysis revealed 5 glycans; Glc₁Man₉GlcNAc₂, Gal₂Man₃GlcNac₄Fuc₁Neu₁, Man₄GlcNac₂, Gal₂Man₃GlcNac₄Neu₃OAc₃, and Man₃GlcNac₅ Fuc₁, which showed significant changes in rat HCC tissues when compared with normal liver tissues.
Man₃GlcNac₅ Fuc₁	increased level								hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms, Experimental		rat	liver tissue		26034352	The N-glycomic analysis revealed 5 glycans; Glc₁Man₉GlcNAc₂, Gal₂Man₃GlcNac₄Fuc₁Neu₁, Man₄GlcNac₂, Gal₂Man₃GlcNac₄Neu₃OAc₃, and Man₃GlcNac₅ Fuc₁, which showed significant changes in rat HCC tissues when compared with normal liver tissues.
high-mannose structures	increased level								hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms, Experimental		rat	liver tissue		26034352	An increase (66.5 ± 1.05 vs 62.7 ± 1.1, P < 0.05) in high-mannose structures in HCC rats was observed compared to normal rats.
branched glycans	increased level								hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms, Experimental		rat	liver tissue		26034352	Importantly, HCC rats showed an increase (P < 0.05) in both tumor-associated carbohydrates and in branched glycans.
siayl Lewis glycans	increased level								hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms, Experimental		rat	liver tissue		26034352	The reported HCC-associated changes in glycan flow and subcellular localization explain the increase in high mannose glycans and siayl Lewis glycans common in HCC liver tissues.
N-glycan	acquisition of structure	CD52		CD52 protein, human	endoglycosidase		Glycoside Hydrolases					human	sperm cells|lymphocytes	Humans|	20848033	Recent structural studies indicate that sperm-associated CD52 antigen carries both a complex type N-glycan and an O-glycan on the polypeptide backbone.
O-glycan	acquisition of structure	CD52		CD52 protein, human	T-synthase							human	sperm cells|lymphocytes	Humans|	20848033	Recent structural studies indicate that sperm-associated CD52 antigen carries both a complex type N-glycan and an O-glycan on the polypeptide backbone.
glycan markers	altered level	antibodies		Polysaccharides				diagnostic	rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		Humans	serum		29486148	Standard immunoassays for detection of 10 different RA markers and analysis of glycan markers on antibodies in 10 different assay formats with several lectins were applied for each serum sample.
glycan markers	altered level	antibodies		Polysaccharides				diagnostic	seropositive rheumatoid arthritis			Humans	serum		29486148	We identified key RA markers, which can discriminate between healthy people and seropositive RA patients (serum containing autoantibodies) with accuracy of 83.3%.
glycan markers	altered level	antibodies		Polysaccharides				diagnostic	seronegative rheumatoid arthritis			Humans	serum		29486148	Immunoassays completely failed to identify seronegative RA patients (serum not containing autoantibodies), while glycan analysis correctly identified 43.8% of these patients.
N-glycans	decreased level	MD-1		Antigens, Surface					systemic lupus erythematosus	Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic	targets for SLE therapy	Humans	B cell	Humans	35849076	Thus, the N-glycans of MD-1 may represent targets for SLE therapy.
O-glycans	altered level								developmental processes			Drosophila melanogaster	ectodermally derived tissues		17522109	In particular, O-glycans are highly expressed on a number of ectodermally derived tissues such as the salivary glands, developing gut, and the tracheal system, suggesting a role for O-glycans in cell polarity and tube formation common to these organs.
O-glycans	altered level								developmental processes			Drosophila melanogaster	developing nervous system		17522109	Additionally, O-glycans are found in the developing nervous system and within subregions of developing tissues known to be active in cell signaling events.
N-glycans	altered level								esophageal diseases	Esophageal Diseases		human	blood serum		27377957	This strategy was further applied to the glycomic profiling of N-glycans released from blood serum samples of patients with different esophageal diseases.
N-glycosylation	increased level														22782562	N-glycosylation can increase the rate of protein folding, enhance thermodynamic stability, and slow protein unfolding; however, the molecular basis for these effects is incompletely understood.
core fucosylated glycans	altered level							diagnostic	liver disease	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		34857845	Our results show that a combination of soft fragmentation with exoglycosidases is efficient at the assignment and quantification of the core fucosylated N-glycoforms at specific sites of protein attachment.
tri- and tetra-antennary core fucosylated glycopeptides	altered level							diagnostic	liver disease	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		34857845	Further studies are needed to verify whether tri- and tetra-antennary core fucosylated glycopeptides could be used as markers of liver disease progression.
N-glycans	altered level	Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor		Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor|PDCD1 protein, human					cancer		PD-1 antibody treatment	Human	HEK 293|CHO cells	HEK293 Cells|CHO Cells	39101792	In addition, hPD-1 ECD binding to different anti-hPD-1 antibodies was tested, and N-glycans were found functioned differently.
	undetermined							diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms		Humans		Humans	18690642	Toward cancer biomarker discovery using the glycomics approach.
N428 glycan	loss of structure	GlcNAc6ST-1		Sulfotransferases					misglycosylation				endothelial cells	HeLa Cells	19571171	The N428 glycan is required for the production of sulfated cell surface glycans: cells expressing a mutant enzyme lacking this glycan were unable to sulfate the sialyl Lewis X tetrasaccharide or a putative extended core 1 O-linked glycan.
N410 glycan	loss of structure	GlcNAc6ST-1		Sulfotransferases					misglycosylation				endothelial cells	HeLa Cells	19571171	The N196 and N410 glycans differentially affect sulfation of two different substrates: cells that express an enzyme lacking the N410 glycan are able to sulfate the sialyl Lewis X substrate, but produce reduced levels of a sulfated peripheral lymph node addressin epitope and cells that express an enzyme lacking the N196 glycan are able to produce a sulfated peripheral lymph node addressin epitope, but are impaired in their ability to sulfate sialyl Lewis X.
N196 glycan	loss of structure	GlcNAc6ST-1		Sulfotransferases					misglycosylation				endothelial cells	HeLa Cells	19571171	The N196 and N410 glycans differentially affect sulfation of two different substrates: cells that express an enzyme lacking the N410 glycan are able to sulfate the sialyl Lewis X substrate, but produce reduced levels of a sulfated peripheral lymph node addressin epitope and cells that express an enzyme lacking the N196 glycan are able to produce a sulfated peripheral lymph node addressin epitope, but are impaired in their ability to sulfate sialyl Lewis X.
sialyl-Lewis^x^-Lewis^x^ (SLe^x^-Le^x^)	loss of structure	zona pellucida							sperm binding	Sperm-Ovum Interactions		Human	oocytes	Oocytes	29603480	Our studies show that although SLe^x^ can inhibit the binding of spermatozoa, presenting this epitope in the context of a complex N-glycan results in a loss of inhibitory potential, and in this context only SLe^x^-Le^x^ can make productive interactions.
glycans	altered level							diagnostic|prognostic	cancer			mammalian	cell surfaces		21933110	Not surprisingly then, the aberrations of glycosylation are usually indicative of the onset of specific diseases, such as cancer.
N-glycans	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	fibrosis			Humans	serum		35197973	As alterations in N-linked glycans have been reported for IgG from large patient cohorts with fibrosis and cirrhosis, we utilized this novel method to examine the glycosylation of total IgG, as well as IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4, which have never been examined before, in a cohort of 106 patients with biopsy confirmed liver fibrosis.
N-glycans	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		35197973	As alterations in N-linked glycans have been reported for IgG from large patient cohorts with fibrosis and cirrhosis, we utilized this novel method to examine the glycosylation of total IgG, as well as IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4, which have never been examined before, in a cohort of 106 patients with biopsy confirmed liver fibrosis.
sialylated N-glycan	altered level							diagnostic|monitoring	depression	Depression		mouse	serum		30915686	Our results indicated that sialylated N-glycan was identified as a biomarker associated with depressive symptoms, which may have utility as a candidate biomarker for the clinical diagnosis and monitoring of depression.
N-linked glycans	altered level							diagnostic	metastatic breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms|Neoplasm Metastasis		Humans	primary breast tumors	Breast Neoplasms	21507904	In the present study, lectin microarrays consisting of 45 lectins with different binding preferences covering N- and O-linked glycans were coupled with evanescent-field activated fluorescent detection in the glycomic analysis of primary breast tumors and the serum and urine of patients with metastatic breast cancer.
O-linked glycans	altered level							diagnostic	metastatic breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms|Neoplasm Metastasis		Humans	primary breast tumors	Breast Neoplasms	21507904	In the present study, lectin microarrays consisting of 45 lectins with different binding preferences covering N- and O-linked glycans were coupled with evanescent-field activated fluorescent detection in the glycomic analysis of primary breast tumors and the serum and urine of patients with metastatic breast cancer.
O-linked glycans carrying alpha2,3-linked sialic acid	undetermined	CD24		CD24 Antigen					tumor			mouse	brain	Brain	19284289	Our present study provides evidence that interaction of CD24 with the cell adhesion molecule L1 is mediated by O-linked glycans carrying alpha2,3-linked sialic acid.
3-linked sialic acid	undetermined	CD24		CD24 Antigen					tumor			mouse	brain	Brain	19284289	Our analyses revealed the occurrence of a diverse mixture of mucin-type and O-mannosyl glycans carrying, in part, functionally relevant epitopes, such as 3-linked sialic acid, disialyl motifs, Le(X), sialyl-Le(X) or HNK-1 units.
N-glycans	undetermined	HER2		ERBB2 protein, human|Receptor, ErbB-2								Human		Humans	23380952	Three glycosylation sites were identified and their glycan structures were elucidated.
N-glycans	altered level	serum						diagnostic	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		Humans	serum		31446948	Lastly, this method was successfully used for discovery of lung cancer specific glycan markers by comparing the serum glycans from each sample in lung cancer group (n = 16) and healthy controls (n = 16), indicating its potential in clinical applications.
Thomsen-nouveau (Tn) antigen	undetermined			Tn antigen					tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					25988425	A selective glycosylation strategy enabling access to all stereochemical combinations of tumor associated Thomsen-nouveau (Tn) antigen, D-GalNAc-O-Ser/Thr, has been developed.
O-glycans	altered level	Mucins		Mucins					pathogenic microorganisms			Humans	Mucous Membrane	Mucous Membrane	34210959	Availability of defined mucin TR O-glycodomains advances experimental studies into the versatile role of mucins at the interface with pathogenic microorganisms and the microbiome, and sparks new strategies for molecular dissection of specific roles of adhesins, glycoside hydrolases, glycopeptidases, viruses and other interactions with mucin TRs as highlighted by examples.
Mac-2 Binding Protein Glycosylation Isomer	unaltered level							diagnostic	Liver Fibrosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	Serum		29611377	Mac-2 Binding Protein Glycosylation Isomer: Emerging Non-Invasive Serum Marker for Liver Fibrosis.
O-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	renal cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Renal Cell|Kidney Neoplasms		Humans	serum		23780530	The combination of two feature peaks was chosen as a biomarker and could clearly differentiate RCC and normal samples in our study group.
glycan markers	undetermined							diagnostic	lung adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma of Lung		Humans			30332938	This review focuses on recently discovered adenocarcinoma and COPD biomarkers at the proteome and glycome level.
glycan markers	undetermined							diagnostic	COPD	Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive		Humans			30332938	This review focuses on recently discovered adenocarcinoma and COPD biomarkers at the proteome and glycome level.
CA125 glycan	altered level	CA125		Biomarkers|Glycoproteins				diagnostic	ovarian cancer			human	ovarian cancer cell line|ovarian cancer tissues	Humans|	26831207	Using this technology, we demonstrated focused differential profiling of tissue-specific glycosylation changes of a biomarker, CA125 protein purified from ovarian cancer cell line and different tissues from ovarian cancer patients in a fast, reproducible, and high-throughput fashion.
glycosylation	loss of structure	PD-L1		B7-H1 Antigen				diagnostic				Humans		Humans	31388124	Deglycosylated PD-L1 might be a better biomarker.
high-mannose N-glycans	increased level								undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells	Human Embryonic Stem Cells		human	human embryonic stem cells	Human Embryonic Stem Cells	28370937	Undifferentiated hESCs contained large amounts of high-mannose N-glycans.
asialylated or monosialylated biantennary and triantennary N-glycans	increased level								hepatocyte-like cells	Hepatocytes		human	hepatocyte-like cells	Hepatocytes	28370937	In contrast, complex-type N-glycans such as asialylated or monosialylated biantennary and triantennary N-glycans were dominant in HLCs, and fully galactosylated structures were significantly more abundant than in undifferentiated hESCs.
bisialylated biantennary and trisialylated triantennary structures	increased level								primary human hepatocytes	Hepatocytes		human	primary human hepatocytes	Hepatocytes	28370937	The cell-surface N-glycosylation of PHHs was more biologically processed than that of HLCs, with bisialylated biantennary and trisialylated triantennary structures predominant.
core-α-1,6-fucosylated glycans	increased level							diagnostic	ageing			Humans	serum		21807702	Interestingly, fucosylation of N-glycans was significantly different (P < 0.0001) between men and women: more core-α-1,6-fucosylated glycans were detected in women, whereas more branching-α-1,3-fucosylated N-glycans were seen in men.
branching-α-1,3-fucosylated N-glycans	increased level							diagnostic	ageing			Humans	serum		21807702	Interestingly, fucosylation of N-glycans was significantly different (P < 0.0001) between men and women: more core-α-1,6-fucosylated glycans were detected in women, whereas more branching-α-1,3-fucosylated N-glycans were seen in men.
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	serum		29674015	In this work, N-glycans released from human serum were neutralized with methylamine and reduced by ammonia-borane complex prior to profiling using nanoLC-ESI-MS with porous graphitized carbon (PGC) and relative abundances of over 280 isomers were compared between pancreatic cancer (PC) cases (n = 32) and healthy controls (n = 32).
N-glycan	altered level							diagnostic|monitoring	lung adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma|Adenocarcinoma of Lung|Lung Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		23640812	These results confirm that the N-glycan profile in plasma of lung cancer patients is different from healthy controls and appears to be dominated by alterations in relatively abundant proteins.
agalacto core-alpha-1,6-fucosylated biantennary glycan (NGA2F)	increased level			Blood Proteins				diagnostic	Primary Nonfunction	Primary Graft Dysfunction	retransplantation	Humans	liver perfusate		29309776	The relative abundance of a single glycan, agalacto core-alpha-1,6-fucosylated biantennary glycan (NGA2F) was significantly increased in perfusate of livers given to 4 patients who developed PNF after liver transplantation compared with livers given to patients who did not develop PNF.
glycosylation	decreased level	collagen|fetuin A|biglycan|serum albumin|fibronectin|osteopontin		|Serum Albumin||Serum Albumin||				diagnostic	aging			rat	bone		37446562	We find that glycosylations lowered into adulthood but deamidation and oxidation increased in the same age range.
sialic acids	altered level														22549775	These data demonstrate both the diversity of sialic acids and the analytical power of glycan arrays, showing that different presentations in different formats provide useful and complementary interpretations of glycan-binding protein specificity.
triantennary N-glycans containing a β(1-6) branch and a Lewis(X) epitope	acquisition of structure	haptoglobin|α1-antitrypsin|α1-antichymotrypsin		Acute-Phase Proteins|Acute-Phase Proteins|Acute-Phase Proteins				diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial		human	serum	Humans	26763099	Tetraantennary N-glycans containing three Lewis(X) epitopes and triantennary N-glycans containing a β(1-6) branch and a Lewis(X) epitope were only present in EOC patients.
tetraantennary N-glycans containing three Lewis(X) epitopes	acquisition of structure	haptoglobin|α1-antitrypsin|α1-antichymotrypsin		Acute-Phase Proteins|Acute-Phase Proteins|Acute-Phase Proteins				diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial		human	serum	Humans	26763099	Tetraantennary N-glycans containing three Lewis(X) epitopes and triantennary N-glycans containing a β(1-6) branch and a Lewis(X) epitope were only present in EOC patients.
core-fucosylated biantennary digalactosylated N-glycan	acquisition of structure	α1-acid glycoprotein		Acute-Phase Proteins				diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial		human	serum	Humans	26763099	We also showed for the first time that the core-fucosylated biantennary digalactosylated N-glycan of α1-acid glycoprotein is a potential biomarker for EOC.
terminal galactosylated N-glycans	decreased level	serum IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		Humans	serum		30714583	A decrease in terminal galactosylated N-glycans of serum IgG in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) may be involved in their immunopathogenesis.
terminal galactosylated N-glycans	decreased level	serum IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	osteoarthritis	Osteoarthritis		Humans	serum		30714583	A decrease in terminal galactosylated N-glycans of serum IgG in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) may be involved in their immunopathogenesis.
IgG galactosylation	altered level	serum IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		Humans	serum		30714583	We found that IgG galactosylation represented a suitable candidate for differentiating RA from healthy controls (AUC > 0.9).
bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) glycoforms	altered level	serum IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	osteoarthritis	Osteoarthritis		Humans	serum		30714583	Then, we performed binary logistic regression to screen out three bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) glycoforms for distinguishing between OA and RA.
bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) glycoforms	altered level	serum IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		Humans	serum		30714583	Then, we performed binary logistic regression to screen out three bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) glycoforms for distinguishing between OA and RA.
α2,3-linked sialylation	acquisition of structure	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	Prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	Prostate	Prostate	30762989	We previously identified PCa-associated aberrant glycosylation on PSA, that is, α2,3-linked sialylation as an additional terminal N-glycan on free PSA(S2,3PSA).
core 2-branched 0-glycans	acquisition of structure				Core2 ,β-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-1	GCNT1		prognostic	Prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	Prostate	Prostate	30762989	Core2 ,β-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-1 (GCNT1, C2GnT) is a key enzyme that forms core 2-branched 0-glycans.
glycosylated PD-L1	altered level	PD-L1		B7-H1 Antigen|CD274 protein, human				diagnostic	cancer		immune checkpoint therapy	human	cancer cells	Humans|Cell Line, Tumor	34523014	Glycosylated PD-L1 is a more reliable biomarker for immune checkpoint therapy and plays important roles in tumor immunity.
N-glycan	altered level	CD2 Antigens		CD2 Antigens	oligosaccharyltransferase		dolichyl-diphosphooligosaccharide - protein glycotransferase					Humans		Humans	28820257	We then introduced the optimized-enhanced aromatic sequons into other glycoproteins and observed an enhancement in N-glycan occupancy that was further supported by modeling the high-affinity interaction between the optimized sequence on hCD2ad and a human oligosaccharyltransferase (OST) subunit.
tri-antennary fucosylated N-glycans	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		27722599	Interestingly, abundances of several tri- and tetra-antennary fucosylated N-glycans were increased in gastric cancer patients.
tetra-antennary fucosylated N-glycans	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		27722599	Interestingly, abundances of several tri- and tetra-antennary fucosylated N-glycans were increased in gastric cancer patients.
IgG1G0F	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	hypertension	Hypertension		Humans			29867134	The results showed that ten directly measured IgG N-glycan traits (i.e., IgG1G0F, IgG2G0F, IgG2G1FN, IgG2G1FS, IgG2G2S, IgG4G0F, IgG4G1FS, IgG4G1S, IgG4G2FS, and IgG4G2N) representing galactosylation and sialylation are significantly associated with hypertension, with IgG4 consistently showing weaker associations of its sialylation, across the four ethnic groups.
IgG2G0F	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	hypertension	Hypertension		Humans			29867134	The results showed that ten directly measured IgG N-glycan traits (i.e., IgG1G0F, IgG2G0F, IgG2G1FN, IgG2G1FS, IgG2G2S, IgG4G0F, IgG4G1FS, IgG4G1S, IgG4G2FS, and IgG4G2N) representing galactosylation and sialylation are significantly associated with hypertension, with IgG4 consistently showing weaker associations of its sialylation, across the four ethnic groups.
IgG2G1FN	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	hypertension	Hypertension		Humans			29867134	The results showed that ten directly measured IgG N-glycan traits (i.e., IgG1G0F, IgG2G0F, IgG2G1FN, IgG2G1FS, IgG2G2S, IgG4G0F, IgG4G1FS, IgG4G1S, IgG4G2FS, and IgG4G2N) representing galactosylation and sialylation are significantly associated with hypertension, with IgG4 consistently showing weaker associations of its sialylation, across the four ethnic groups.
IgG2G1FS	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	hypertension	Hypertension		Humans			29867134	The results showed that ten directly measured IgG N-glycan traits (i.e., IgG1G0F, IgG2G0F, IgG2G1FN, IgG2G1FS, IgG2G2S, IgG4G0F, IgG4G1FS, IgG4G1S, IgG4G2FS, and IgG4G2N) representing galactosylation and sialylation are significantly associated with hypertension, with IgG4 consistently showing weaker associations of its sialylation, across the four ethnic groups.
IgG2G2S	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	hypertension	Hypertension		Humans			29867134	The results showed that ten directly measured IgG N-glycan traits (i.e., IgG1G0F, IgG2G0F, IgG2G1FN, IgG2G1FS, IgG2G2S, IgG4G0F, IgG4G1FS, IgG4G1S, IgG4G2FS, and IgG4G2N) representing galactosylation and sialylation are significantly associated with hypertension, with IgG4 consistently showing weaker associations of its sialylation, across the four ethnic groups.
IgG4G0F	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	hypertension	Hypertension		Humans			29867134	The results showed that ten directly measured IgG N-glycan traits (i.e., IgG1G0F, IgG2G0F, IgG2G1FN, IgG2G1FS, IgG2G2S, IgG4G0F, IgG4G1FS, IgG4G1S, IgG4G2FS, and IgG4G2N) representing galactosylation and sialylation are significantly associated with hypertension, with IgG4 consistently showing weaker associations of its sialylation, across the four ethnic groups.
IgG4G1FS	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	hypertension	Hypertension		Humans			29867134	The results showed that ten directly measured IgG N-glycan traits (i.e., IgG1G0F, IgG2G0F, IgG2G1FN, IgG2G1FS, IgG2G2S, IgG4G0F, IgG4G1FS, IgG4G1S, IgG4G2FS, and IgG4G2N) representing galactosylation and sialylation are significantly associated with hypertension, with IgG4 consistently showing weaker associations of its sialylation, across the four ethnic groups.
IgG4G1S	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	hypertension	Hypertension		Humans			29867134	The results showed that ten directly measured IgG N-glycan traits (i.e., IgG1G0F, IgG2G0F, IgG2G1FN, IgG2G1FS, IgG2G2S, IgG4G0F, IgG4G1FS, IgG4G1S, IgG4G2FS, and IgG4G2N) representing galactosylation and sialylation are significantly associated with hypertension, with IgG4 consistently showing weaker associations of its sialylation, across the four ethnic groups.
IgG4G2FS	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	hypertension	Hypertension		Humans			29867134	The results showed that ten directly measured IgG N-glycan traits (i.e., IgG1G0F, IgG2G0F, IgG2G1FN, IgG2G1FS, IgG2G2S, IgG4G0F, IgG4G1FS, IgG4G1S, IgG4G2FS, and IgG4G2N) representing galactosylation and sialylation are significantly associated with hypertension, with IgG4 consistently showing weaker associations of its sialylation, across the four ethnic groups.
IgG4G2N	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	hypertension	Hypertension		Humans			29867134	The results showed that ten directly measured IgG N-glycan traits (i.e., IgG1G0F, IgG2G0F, IgG2G1FN, IgG2G1FS, IgG2G2S, IgG4G0F, IgG4G1FS, IgG4G1S, IgG4G2FS, and IgG4G2N) representing galactosylation and sialylation are significantly associated with hypertension, with IgG4 consistently showing weaker associations of its sialylation, across the four ethnic groups.
Lewis X	increased level	lipocalin 2		Lipocalin-2|Lcn2 protein, mouse					sperm motility-enhancing activity	Sperm Motility		mouse	uterine luminal fluid	Uterus	18941134	Further sperm binding and motility assays suggest that the Lewis X/Y epitopes do contribute to the sperm motility-enhancing activity of 24p3, whereas lactotransferrin is largely inactive in this context despite being similarly glycosylated.
Lewis Y	increased level	lipocalin 2		Lipocalin-2|Lcn2 protein, mouse					sperm motility-enhancing activity	Sperm Motility		mouse	uterine luminal fluid	Uterus	18941134	Further sperm binding and motility assays suggest that the Lewis X/Y epitopes do contribute to the sperm motility-enhancing activity of 24p3, whereas lactotransferrin is largely inactive in this context despite being similarly glycosylated.
oligosaccharides terminating in GlcNAc or N-acetyl-lactosamine with occasional α1,2-linked fucose	increased level	MUC5AC|endorepellin		MUC5AC protein, human|Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans				diagnostic	mucinous pancreatic cysts	Pancreatic Cyst		Humans	Cyst Fluid	Cyst Fluid	23836919	Specific glycoforms of these proteins, defined by reactivity with wheat germ agglutinin and a blood group H antibody, were significantly elevated in mucinous cysts, whereas the core protein levels were not significantly elevated.
Fucosylated haptoglobin	increased level	Haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				monitoring	Ulcerative colitis	Colitis, Ulcerative		Humans	Serum		33510557	The serum 10-7G value is a novel biomarker for evaluating intestinal inflammation and endoscopic mucosal healing in UC.
Fucosylated haptoglobin	increased level	Haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				monitoring	Inflammatory bowel disease	Inflammatory bowel disease		Humans	Serum		33510557	The 10-7G values were significantly higher in patients with IBD (P < 0.001) and AE (P < 0.05) compared with HVs.
mannose-enriched glycans	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	Lupus Nephritis	Lupus Nephritis		Humans	kidney	Kidney	33881228	LN exhibited a unique glycan signature characterized by increased abundance and spatial distribution of unusual mannose-enriched glycans that are typically found in lower microorganisms.
mannosylated glycans	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	Lupus Nephritis	Lupus Nephritis		Humans	kidney	Kidney	33881228	Exposure of mannosylated glycans in LN was shown to occur at the cell surface of kidney cells, promoting increased recognition by specific glycan-recognizing receptors expressed by immune cells.
galactosylated structures	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				diagnostic|predictive	Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis	Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis		Humans	Cerebrospinal fluid	Cerebrospinal fluid	30674035	The N-glycosylation profile of ALS CSF IgG consisted of diantennary N-glycans predominantly with proximal fucose and some bisecting GlcNAc; agalacto-, mono-, and digalactosylated as well as α2,6-sialylated structures were detected.
sialyl-Tn	acquisition of structure	MUC2|MUC6|MUC5B		Mucins|Mucins|Mucins	α2,6-sialyltransferase|core 1 synthase	ST6GALNAC1|C1GALT1	Sialyltransferases|Galactosyltransferases	diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	epithelial cells from colorectal tumours|LS174T cells	Intestinal Mucosa|	24840470	The O-glycans included the well-known glycan cancer marker, sialyl-Tn, which has been associated with mucins.
Sia-alpha2-6Gal/GalNAc	altered level							diagnostic|monitoring	major depressive disorder	Depressive Disorder, Major		human|mouse	plasma protein		28844310	Sia-alpha2-6Gal/GalNAc was a commonly altered glycan structure in both depression model mice and patients with MDD.
ST6GALNAC2	decreased level				ST6GALNAC2		ST6GALNAC2 protein, human|galactosyl-1-3-N-acetylgalactosaminyl-specific 2,6-sialyltransferase	diagnostic|monitoring	major depressive disorder	Depressive Disorder, Major		human	leukocytes		28844310	Moreover, the expression of ST6GALNAC2 was decreased in leukocytes from patients with MDD.
triantennary glycans	increased level							risk	metabolic syndrome	Metabolic Syndrome		Homo sapiens	plasma		21939225	The most prominent observation was the consistent positive correlations between different forms of triantennary glycans and negative correlations between glycans containing core-fucose with MetS components including BMI, SBP, DBP, and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) simultaneously.
glycans containing core-fucose	decreased level							risk	metabolic syndrome	Metabolic Syndrome		Homo sapiens	plasma		21939225	The most prominent observation was the consistent positive correlations between different forms of triantennary glycans and negative correlations between glycans containing core-fucose with MetS components including BMI, SBP, DBP, and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) simultaneously.
monosialylated glycans	decreased level							risk	metabolic syndrome	Metabolic Syndrome		Homo sapiens	plasma		21939225	In the multivariate analysis, the level of monosialylated glycans (structure loadings = -0.776) was the most correlated with the MetS related risk factors, especially with SBP (structure loadings = 0.907).
NeuAcalpha2-6Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-2Manalpha1-3Manbeta1-4GlcNAc	increased level				Neu2			diagnostic	stomach cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		mammalian	MKN7 and MKN45 stomach cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	18399796	The most abundant and characteristic glycan found in these cells was determined to be NeuAcalpha2-6Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-2Manalpha1-3Manbeta1-4GlcNAc.
glycan chains	altered level	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer			human	serum		20394531	The glycosylation of fetuin - a serum protein - and extracts from a human pancreatic cancer line was analyzed to demonstrate the capabilities of the NanoMonitor.
glycan chains	altered level	protein extracts						diagnostic	pancreatic cancer			human	cultured human pancreatic cancer cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	20394531	Protein extracts from BXPC-3, a cultured human pancreatic cancer cell line were also analyzed for binding to SNA and MAA lectins.
Core 1-derived O-glycans	acquisition of structure				T-synthase			response	Tn+ tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate	Cosmc transfection	Human	LS174T-Tn+ cells	Cell Line, Tumor	34644263	After Cosmc transfection, normal extended core 1-derived O-glycans appeared and were accompanied by increased T-synthase activity.
Core 2-derived O-glycans	acquisition of structure							response	Tn+ tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate	Cosmc transfection	Human	LS174T-Tn+ cells	Cell Line, Tumor	34644263	Core 2-derived O-glycans appeared in transfected LS174T-Tn+ cells, and their structural types and levels were lower than those in LS174T-Tn- cells.
monofucosylated N-glycans	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	gastroenterological cancer	Gastrointestinal Neoplasms		Humans	sera		26869352	In all cancer samples, monofucosylated N-glycans were significantly increased at all glycosylation sites.
difucosylated N-glycans	acquisition of structure	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	gastroenterological cancer	Gastrointestinal Neoplasms		Humans	sera		26869352	Moreover, difucosylated N-glycans were detected at Asn 184, Asn207 and Asn241 only in cancer samples.
Lewis-type fucosylated N-glycans	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	gastroenterological cancer	Gastrointestinal Neoplasms		Humans	sera		26869352	Lewis-type and core-type fucosylated N-glycans were increased in gastroenterological cancer samples, but only core-type fucosylated N-glycan was relatively increased in prostate cancer samples.
core-type fucosylated N-glycans	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	prostate cancer			Humans	sera		26869352	Lewis-type and core-type fucosylated N-glycans were increased in gastroenterological cancer samples, but only core-type fucosylated N-glycan was relatively increased in prostate cancer samples.
Lewis-type fucosylated N-glycans	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	metastatic prostate cancer			Humans	sera		26869352	In metastatic prostate cancer, Lewis-type fucosylated N-glycan was also increased.
NeuAc1Gal1GalNAc1	increased level								cholangiocarcinoma	Cholangiocarcinoma		human	cholangiocarcinoma cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	26925665	NeuAc1Gal1GalNAc1 proved to be the most abundant structure in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (K100; 57.1%), moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma (M055; 42.6%) and squamous cell carcinoma (M139; 43.0%), while moderately to poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (M214; 40.1%) and adenosquamous cell carcinoma (M213; 34.7%) appeared dominated by NeuAc2Gal1GalNAc1.
NeuAc2Gal1GalNAc1	increased level								cholangiocarcinoma	Cholangiocarcinoma		human	cholangiocarcinoma cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	26925665	NeuAc1Gal1GalNAc1 proved to be the most abundant structure in poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (K100; 57.1%), moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma (M055; 42.6%) and squamous cell carcinoma (M139; 43.0%), while moderately to poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (M214; 40.1%) and adenosquamous cell carcinoma (M213; 34.7%) appeared dominated by NeuAc2Gal1GalNAc1.
monosialylated diantennary glycans A2G2S(6)1 and FA2G2S(3)1	increased level							diagnostic	Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis	Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid	Cerebrospinal fluid	25261856	As compared with controls the ALS group had a significant increase of a peak composed of the monosialylated diantennary glycans A2G2S(6)1 and FA2G2S(3)1 (P=0.0348).
core fucosylation	decreased level	salivary glycoproteins		Salivary Proteins and Peptides				diagnostic	alcohol dependence	Alcoholism		Humans	saliva		24085030	In direct lectin ELISA, core fucosylation, α2,3 sialylation and expression of T-antigen were significantly lowered in the saliva of alcohol-dependent patients.
α2,3 sialylation	decreased level	salivary glycoproteins		Salivary Proteins and Peptides				diagnostic	alcohol dependence	Alcoholism		Humans	saliva		24085030	In direct lectin ELISA, core fucosylation, α2,3 sialylation and expression of T-antigen were significantly lowered in the saliva of alcohol-dependent patients.
T-antigen	decreased level	salivary glycoproteins		Salivary Proteins and Peptides				diagnostic	alcohol dependence	Alcoholism		Humans	saliva		24085030	In direct lectin ELISA, core fucosylation, α2,3 sialylation and expression of T-antigen were significantly lowered in the saliva of alcohol-dependent patients.
N-linked glycans	unaltered level	insulin receptor		INSR protein, human|Receptor, Insulin								human	CHO-K1 cells|Lec8 cell line		17957771	The compositions of the glycans on IR expressed in CHO-K1 cells and the glycosylation deficient Lec8 cell line were determined by protease digestion, glycopeptide purification, amino acid sequence analysis, and mass spectrometry.
biantennary complex-type N-glycans	increased level	CD133		AC133 Antigen|Antigens, CD					hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells	Hematopoietic Stem Cells		human	CD133+ cells	AC133 Antigen|Antigens, CD	17662891	Biantennary complex-type N-glycans were enriched in CD133+ cells.
high-mannose type N-glycans	increased level	CD133		AC133 Antigen|Antigens, CD					hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells	Hematopoietic Stem Cells		human	CD133+ cells	AC133 Antigen|Antigens, CD	17662891	Moreover, the amount of high-mannose type N-glycans and terminal alpha2,3-sialylation was increased in CD133+ cells.
terminal alpha2,3-sialylation	increased level	CD133		AC133 Antigen|Antigens, CD	ST3GAL6				hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells	Hematopoietic Stem Cells		human	CD133+ cells	AC133 Antigen|Antigens, CD	17662891	Elevated alpha2,3-sialylation was supported by the overexpression of ST3GAL6.
N-Glycans	altered level	CD52		CD52 Antigen|CD52 protein, human					Male genital tract modification	Genitalia, Male		Human	Male genital tract	Genitalia, Male	10514467	N-Glycans of the male genital tract product were based on bi-, tri-, and tetraantennary structures of highly charged (up to -7), terminally sialylated complex-type sugars.
N-Glycans	altered level	CD52		CD52 Antigen|CD52 protein, human					Male genital tract modification	Genitalia, Male		Human	Male genital tract	Genitalia, Male	10514467	Different from lymphocytes, 10-15% of all N-glycans of the male genital tract antigen also contained peripheral fucose.
lactosylceramide	increased level								Niemann-Pick disease type C	Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C	2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin	Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	28628327	A number of glycomic alterations were identified, including increased expression of lactosylceramide, GM1, GM2, GD1, various neolacto-series glycosphingolipids, and sialyl-T (O-glycan), which was found to be the major sialylated protein-bound glycan, as well as various N-glycans, which were commonly both fucosylated and sialylated.
GM1	increased level								Niemann-Pick disease type C	Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C	2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin	Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	28628327	A number of glycomic alterations were identified, including increased expression of lactosylceramide, GM1, GM2, GD1, various neolacto-series glycosphingolipids, and sialyl-T (O-glycan), which was found to be the major sialylated protein-bound glycan, as well as various N-glycans, which were commonly both fucosylated and sialylated.
GM2	increased level								Niemann-Pick disease type C	Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C	2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin	Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	28628327	A number of glycomic alterations were identified, including increased expression of lactosylceramide, GM1, GM2, GD1, various neolacto-series glycosphingolipids, and sialyl-T (O-glycan), which was found to be the major sialylated protein-bound glycan, as well as various N-glycans, which were commonly both fucosylated and sialylated.
GD1	increased level								Niemann-Pick disease type C	Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C	2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin	Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	28628327	A number of glycomic alterations were identified, including increased expression of lactosylceramide, GM1, GM2, GD1, various neolacto-series glycosphingolipids, and sialyl-T (O-glycan), which was found to be the major sialylated protein-bound glycan, as well as various N-glycans, which were commonly both fucosylated and sialylated.
neolacto-series glycosphingolipids	increased level								Niemann-Pick disease type C	Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C	2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin	Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	28628327	A number of glycomic alterations were identified, including increased expression of lactosylceramide, GM1, GM2, GD1, various neolacto-series glycosphingolipids, and sialyl-T (O-glycan), which was found to be the major sialylated protein-bound glycan, as well as various N-glycans, which were commonly both fucosylated and sialylated.
sialyl-T (O-glycan)	increased level								Niemann-Pick disease type C	Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C	2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin	Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	28628327	A number of glycomic alterations were identified, including increased expression of lactosylceramide, GM1, GM2, GD1, various neolacto-series glycosphingolipids, and sialyl-T (O-glycan), which was found to be the major sialylated protein-bound glycan, as well as various N-glycans, which were commonly both fucosylated and sialylated.
N-glycans	increased level								Niemann-Pick disease type C	Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C	2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin	Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	28628327	A number of glycomic alterations were identified, including increased expression of lactosylceramide, GM1, GM2, GD1, various neolacto-series glycosphingolipids, and sialyl-T (O-glycan), which was found to be the major sialylated protein-bound glycan, as well as various N-glycans, which were commonly both fucosylated and sialylated.
free oligosaccharides (fOSs)	increased level								Niemann-Pick disease type C	Niemann-Pick Disease, Type C	2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin	Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	28628327	We also observed significant increases in the total amounts of free oligosaccharides (fOSs), especially in the unique complex- and hybrid-type fOSs.
disialylated, monofucosylated glycan	undetermined	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1		P-selectin ligand protein|SPN protein, human								Humans	HL-60 cells	HL-60 Cells	8702529	A minority of the O-glycans are alpha-1,3-fucosylated that occur as two major species containing the sialyl Lewis x antigen; one species is a disialylated, monofucosylated glycan, and the other is a monosialylated, trifucosylated glycan having a polylactosamine backbone.
monosialylated, trifucosylated glycan	undetermined	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1		P-selectin ligand protein|SPN protein, human								Humans	HL-60 cells	HL-60 Cells	8702529	A minority of the O-glycans are alpha-1,3-fucosylated that occur as two major species containing the sialyl Lewis x antigen; one species is a disialylated, monofucosylated glycan, and the other is a monosialylated, trifucosylated glycan having a polylactosamine backbone.
core fucose residues	increased level							diagnostic	Pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	Serum		26714469	The level of total core fucose residues was increased significantly in PC.
N-glycans	decreased level							monitoring	hepatitis C virus infection	Hepatitis C, Chronic|Hepatitis C	direct-acting antiviral drugs	Humans	serum		35505274	Glycomics-based biomarkers are an attractive tool to closely monitor these patients during and after antiviral treatment, as alterations in the abundance of N-glycans reflect an altered state of the liver.
N-glycans	decreased level							monitoring	liver fibrosis		direct-acting antiviral drugs	Humans	serum		35505274	This study assessed serum glycomics for the evaluation of inflammation-related fibrosis regression during and after treatment of HCV with DAAs.
N-glycans	decreased level							monitoring	liver cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis	direct-acting antiviral drugs	Humans	serum		35505274	The GlycoFibroTest and GlycoCirrhoTest were analyzed in the sera 36 HCV-infected patients with advanced fibrosis (F3) or established cirrhosis (F4), before (week 0), during (week 12) and after (week 24) a twelve-week oral administration of DAAs therapy - using an optimized glycomic technology on a DNA sequencer.
core-fucose	increased level	surfactant protein D		Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D	α1,6-fucosyltransferase	Fut8		diagnostic|predictive	chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive		human	serum		26206179	Our findings suggest that increased fucosylation levels in serum SP-D are associated with the development of COPD.
oligomannose structure, (Hex)6 + (Man)3 (GlcNAc)2	altered level							diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	ovarian cancer tissue	Ovarian Neoplasms	31364262	Potential N-glycan diagnostic markers that emerge include the oligomannose structure, (Hex)6 + (Man)3 (GlcNAc)2 , and the complex neutral structure, (Hex)2 (HexNAc)2 (Deoxyhexose)1 + (Man)3 (GlcNAc)2 .
complex neutral structure, (Hex)2 (HexNAc)2 (Deoxyhexose)1 + (Man)3 (GlcNAc)2	altered level							diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	ovarian cancer tissue	Ovarian Neoplasms	31364262	Potential N-glycan diagnostic markers that emerge include the oligomannose structure, (Hex)6 + (Man)3 (GlcNAc)2 , and the complex neutral structure, (Hex)2 (HexNAc)2 (Deoxyhexose)1 + (Man)3 (GlcNAc)2 .
mucin glycans	altered level	Mucins		Mucins				diagnostic	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases		Humans	human stools	Humans	36426845	Human Fecal Mucin Glycosylation as a New Biomarker in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.
N-glycan	altered level							risk	metabolic syndrome	Metabolic Syndrome		Ghanaian	plasma		31559833	Our results show that SHS is a significant, albeit modest, risk factor for MetS and N-glycan complexity was associated with MetS.
N-glycan	altered level							risk	suboptimal health status	Health Status		Ghanaian	plasma		31559833	Our results show that SHS is a significant, albeit modest, risk factor for MetS and N-glycan complexity was associated with MetS.
fucosylated glycan	altered level				fucosyltransferases		Fucosyltransferases	monitoring	pluripotency			human	pluripotent stem cell	Embryonic Stem Cells|Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells|Pluripotent Stem Cells	21894191	Global gene expression analysis showed pluripotency-associated differential expression of specific fucosyltransferases and sialyltransferases, which may underlie these differences in protein glycosylation and lectin binding.
sialylated glycan	altered level				sialyltransferases		Sialyltransferases	monitoring	pluripotency			human	pluripotent stem cell	Embryonic Stem Cells|Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells|Pluripotent Stem Cells	21894191	Global gene expression analysis showed pluripotency-associated differential expression of specific fucosyltransferases and sialyltransferases, which may underlie these differences in protein glycosylation and lectin binding.
bisecting N-acetylglucosamine	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid		37634467	In MS, the presence of bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (Padj=2.63E-05) and monogalactosylation (Padj=1.49E-06) were more abundant and associated with positive OCBs.
monogalactosylation	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid		37634467	In MS, the presence of bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (Padj=2.63E-05) and monogalactosylation (Padj=1.49E-06) were more abundant and associated with positive OCBs.
monogalactosylation	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid		37634467	More abundant monogalactosylation of intrathecally synthesized IgG is the most prominent trait in MS and is associated with higher MRI lesion load.
N-glycan	altered level	human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2		Receptor, ErbB-2					breast cancer			human	breast cancer cell lines SK-BR-3 and BT474	Cell Line, Tumor	22830976	In addition, the HER2 glycosylation pattern differed significantly between different breast cancer cell lines SK-BR-3 and BT474 in a comparative analysis of profile data.
sialylated N-glycans	increased level	prostate specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer			human	serum		22455307	Furthermore, low-abundance sialylated N-glycans from human serum prostate specific antigen (PSA), an extremely valuable prostate cancer marker, were initially quantified, and their chemical compositions were proposed.
O-glycans	altered level	bovine submaxillary mucin|bovine fetuin		|alpha-Fetoproteins								Cattle	bovine submaxillary mucin|bovine fetuin	|alpha-Fetoproteins	21028831	The yields of released O- and N-glycans were also assessed by use of the two glycoproteins as models.
N-glycans	altered level	bovine submaxillary mucin|bovine fetuin		|alpha-Fetoproteins								Cattle	bovine submaxillary mucin|bovine fetuin	|alpha-Fetoproteins	21028831	The yields of released O- and N-glycans were also assessed by use of the two glycoproteins as models.
oNFL/tNFL	increased ratio	neurofilament light chain		Biomarkers				diagnostic|predictive|response	neurodegenerative diseases	Neurodegenerative Diseases		human	serum		35913270	By analyzing the clinic serum samples, for the first time, our work provided the abundance of oNFL in human serum and revealed that the oNFL/tNFL is effective not only in differentiating three kinds of brain damage patients from healthy people but also in differentiating neurodegeneration from non-neurodegeneration CT patients.
oNFL/tNFL	increased ratio	neurofilament light chain		Biomarkers				diagnostic|predictive|response	cerebral thrombosis			human	serum		35913270	By analyzing the clinic serum samples, for the first time, our work provided the abundance of oNFL in human serum and revealed that the oNFL/tNFL is effective not only in differentiating three kinds of brain damage patients from healthy people but also in differentiating neurodegeneration from non-neurodegeneration CT patients.
α-1,6-core fucosylated biantennaries	decreased level							diagnostic|prognostic	non-small cell lung carcinoma	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung|Lung Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		22674300	Total α-1,6-core fucosylated biantennaries (NGA2F, NG1A2F, NA2F) and total bisecting α-1,6-core fucosylated biantennaries (NGA2FB, NA2FB) were reduced in NSCLC patients, whereas the branching α-1,3-fucosylated triantennary N-glycan (NA3FB) was increased.
bisecting α-1,6-core fucosylated biantennaries	decreased level							diagnostic|prognostic	non-small cell lung carcinoma	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung|Lung Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		22674300	Total α-1,6-core fucosylated biantennaries (NGA2F, NG1A2F, NA2F) and total bisecting α-1,6-core fucosylated biantennaries (NGA2FB, NA2FB) were reduced in NSCLC patients, whereas the branching α-1,3-fucosylated triantennary N-glycan (NA3FB) was increased.
branching α-1,3-fucosylated triantennary N-glycan	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	non-small cell lung carcinoma	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung|Lung Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		22674300	Total α-1,6-core fucosylated biantennaries (NGA2F, NG1A2F, NA2F) and total bisecting α-1,6-core fucosylated biantennaries (NGA2FB, NA2FB) were reduced in NSCLC patients, whereas the branching α-1,3-fucosylated triantennary N-glycan (NA3FB) was increased.
α-1,6-core fucosylated structure NA2F	decreased level							prognostic	non-small cell lung carcinoma	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung|Lung Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		22674300	Those patients additionally had a reduced level in the α-1,6-core fucosylated structure NA2F with parallel increase in the non-fucosylated structure NA2.
non-fucosylated structure NA2	increased level							prognostic	non-small cell lung carcinoma	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung|Lung Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		22674300	Those patients additionally had a reduced level in the α-1,6-core fucosylated structure NA2F with parallel increase in the non-fucosylated structure NA2.
SLeX	acquisition of structure	Carcinoembryonic antigen	CEACAM5	Carcinoembryonic Antigen	ST3Gal IV		beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase	prognostic	gastric carcinoma	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	gastric cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	31695778	Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA; CEACAM5) was identified and validated by different methodologies as a major carrier of SLeX.
pauci-mannose/mono-antennary type N-glycans	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic|predictive	brain tumor	Brain Neoplasms		human	astrocytes		26132161	The sequential introduction of hTERT, SV40ER, H-RasV12, and myrAKT led to (i) temporal expression of pauci-mannose/mono-antennary type N-glycans and GD3 (hTERT); (ii) switching from ganglio- to globo-series glycosphingolipids and the appearance of Neu5Gc (hTERT and SV40ER); (iii) temporal expression of bisecting GlcNAc residues, α2,6-sialylation, and stage-specific embryonic antigen-4, accompanied by suppression of core 2 O-glycan biosynthesis (hTERT, SV40ER and Ras); and (iv) increased expression of (neo)lacto-series glycosphingolipids and fucosylated N-glycans (hTERT, SV40ER, Ras and AKT).
bisecting GlcNAc residues	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic|predictive	brain tumor	Brain Neoplasms		human	astrocytes		26132161	The sequential introduction of hTERT, SV40ER, H-RasV12, and myrAKT led to (i) temporal expression of pauci-mannose/mono-antennary type N-glycans and GD3 (hTERT); (ii) switching from ganglio- to globo-series glycosphingolipids and the appearance of Neu5Gc (hTERT and SV40ER); (iii) temporal expression of bisecting GlcNAc residues, α2,6-sialylation, and stage-specific embryonic antigen-4, accompanied by suppression of core 2 O-glycan biosynthesis (hTERT, SV40ER and Ras); and (iv) increased expression of (neo)lacto-series glycosphingolipids and fucosylated N-glycans (hTERT, SV40ER, Ras and AKT).
α2,6-sialylation	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic|predictive	brain tumor	Brain Neoplasms		human	astrocytes		26132161	The sequential introduction of hTERT, SV40ER, H-RasV12, and myrAKT led to (i) temporal expression of pauci-mannose/mono-antennary type N-glycans and GD3 (hTERT); (ii) switching from ganglio- to globo-series glycosphingolipids and the appearance of Neu5Gc (hTERT and SV40ER); (iii) temporal expression of bisecting GlcNAc residues, α2,6-sialylation, and stage-specific embryonic antigen-4, accompanied by suppression of core 2 O-glycan biosynthesis (hTERT, SV40ER and Ras); and (iv) increased expression of (neo)lacto-series glycosphingolipids and fucosylated N-glycans (hTERT, SV40ER, Ras and AKT).
fucosylated N-glycans	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic|predictive	brain tumor	Brain Neoplasms		human	astrocytes		26132161	The sequential introduction of hTERT, SV40ER, H-RasV12, and myrAKT led to (i) temporal expression of pauci-mannose/mono-antennary type N-glycans and GD3 (hTERT); (ii) switching from ganglio- to globo-series glycosphingolipids and the appearance of Neu5Gc (hTERT and SV40ER); (iii) temporal expression of bisecting GlcNAc residues, α2,6-sialylation, and stage-specific embryonic antigen-4, accompanied by suppression of core 2 O-glycan biosynthesis (hTERT, SV40ER and Ras); and (iv) increased expression of (neo)lacto-series glycosphingolipids and fucosylated N-glycans (hTERT, SV40ER, Ras and AKT).
2-linked mannose	altered level							diagnostic|prognostic	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		31566983	Glycan features, quantified as single analytical signals, including 2-linked mannose, α2-6 sialylation, β1-4 branching, β1-6 branching, 4-linked GlcNAc, and antennary fucosylation, exhibited abilities to distinguish cases from controls (ROC AUCs: 0.68-0.92) and predict survival in patients (hazard ratios: 1.99-2.75) at all stages.
α2-6 sialylation	altered level							diagnostic|prognostic	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		31566983	Glycan features, quantified as single analytical signals, including 2-linked mannose, α2-6 sialylation, β1-4 branching, β1-6 branching, 4-linked GlcNAc, and antennary fucosylation, exhibited abilities to distinguish cases from controls (ROC AUCs: 0.68-0.92) and predict survival in patients (hazard ratios: 1.99-2.75) at all stages.
β1-4 branching	altered level							diagnostic|prognostic	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		31566983	Glycan features, quantified as single analytical signals, including 2-linked mannose, α2-6 sialylation, β1-4 branching, β1-6 branching, 4-linked GlcNAc, and antennary fucosylation, exhibited abilities to distinguish cases from controls (ROC AUCs: 0.68-0.92) and predict survival in patients (hazard ratios: 1.99-2.75) at all stages.
β1-6 branching	altered level							diagnostic|prognostic	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		31566983	Glycan features, quantified as single analytical signals, including 2-linked mannose, α2-6 sialylation, β1-4 branching, β1-6 branching, 4-linked GlcNAc, and antennary fucosylation, exhibited abilities to distinguish cases from controls (ROC AUCs: 0.68-0.92) and predict survival in patients (hazard ratios: 1.99-2.75) at all stages.
4-linked GlcNAc	altered level							diagnostic|prognostic	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		31566983	Glycan features, quantified as single analytical signals, including 2-linked mannose, α2-6 sialylation, β1-4 branching, β1-6 branching, 4-linked GlcNAc, and antennary fucosylation, exhibited abilities to distinguish cases from controls (ROC AUCs: 0.68-0.92) and predict survival in patients (hazard ratios: 1.99-2.75) at all stages.
antennary fucosylation	altered level							diagnostic|prognostic	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		31566983	Glycan features, quantified as single analytical signals, including 2-linked mannose, α2-6 sialylation, β1-4 branching, β1-6 branching, 4-linked GlcNAc, and antennary fucosylation, exhibited abilities to distinguish cases from controls (ROC AUCs: 0.68-0.92) and predict survival in patients (hazard ratios: 1.99-2.75) at all stages.
fucosylated triantennary structures	increased ratio							prognostic	biochemical recurrence-free survival	Disease-Free Survival	radical prostatectomy	Humans	prostate tissue	Humans	33657946	high ratio of fucosylated triantennary structures on total of multiantennary structures [3AFc/MA], low ratio of fucosylated biantennary with core-branched N-acetylglucosamine on total of biantennary structures, and high ratio of triantennary structures on total of multiantennary structures) proved to have a univariate beneficial effect on BCR-free survival.
fucosylated biantennary with core-branched N-acetylglucosamine	decreased ratio							prognostic	biochemical recurrence-free survival	Disease-Free Survival	radical prostatectomy	Humans	prostate tissue	Humans	33657946	high ratio of fucosylated triantennary structures on total of multiantennary structures [3AFc/MA], low ratio of fucosylated biantennary with core-branched N-acetylglucosamine on total of biantennary structures, and high ratio of triantennary structures on total of multiantennary structures) proved to have a univariate beneficial effect on BCR-free survival.
IgG N-glycan	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|monitoring	Type 2 diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans			31526239	Six IgG glycan traits were firmly associated with T2DM, which reflects an increased proinflammatory and biological aging status.
hyperglycosylated hCG	decreased level	hCG		Chorionic Gonadotropin|glycosylated HCG				monitoring	pregnancy	Pregnancy		human	maternal sera		20660042	In maternal sera, hCG-H concentrations continuously decreased during pregnancy from 406 ± 222 ng/ml at 9 WG to 8 ± 6 ng/ml at 19 WG, whereas total hCG picked up at 11 WG and then decreased.
tetraantennary tetrasialylated glycan with a polylactosamine extension, A4G4LacS4	increased level	low abundance serum proteins		Blood Proteins				diagnostic|monitoring	schizophrenia	Schizophrenia		Humans	serum		20578731	The tetraantennary tetrasialylated glycan with a polylactosamine extension, A4G4LacS4, from low abundance serum proteins showed a 2-fold increase in serum from male schizophrenia patients.
triantennary trisialylated glycan containing the SLex epitope	increased level	high and low abundance serum proteins		Blood Proteins				diagnostic|monitoring	schizophrenia	Schizophrenia		Humans	serum		20578731	Gender specificity was also demonstrated as the triantennary trisialylated glycan containing the SLex epitope was increased significantly in male schizophrenia patients on both high and low abundance serum proteins.
bisecting and sialylated glycans	decreased level				beta-1,4-mannosyl-glycoprotein 4-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III|beta-galactoside alpha-2,3/6-sialyltransferases			diagnostic|monitoring	schizophrenia	Schizophrenia		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid		20578731	Levels of bisecting and sialylated glycans in the cerebrospinal fluid showed a general down-regulation in schizophrenia patients and a 95% positive predictive power for distinguishing patients from controls.
glycan	altered level							diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human|mouse	serum		16847285	In addition to the glycosylation changes detected in mice as mouse mammary tumors developed, glycosylation profiles were found to be sufficiently different to distinguish patients with cancer from those without.
bi-antennary complex N-glycans	decreased level				α-mannosidase 2	man2a1		diagnostic	bladder cancer			Humans	HCV29 bladder epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	25470275	In particular, reduced expression of glycogene man2a1, which encodes α-mannosidase 2, contributed to the decreased proportions of bi-, tri- and tetra-antennary complex N-glycans, and increased expression of hybrid-type N-glycans.
tri-antennary complex N-glycans	decreased level				α-mannosidase 2	man2a1		diagnostic	bladder cancer			Humans	HCV29 bladder epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	25470275	In particular, reduced expression of glycogene man2a1, which encodes α-mannosidase 2, contributed to the decreased proportions of bi-, tri- and tetra-antennary complex N-glycans, and increased expression of hybrid-type N-glycans.
tetra-antennary complex N-glycans	decreased level				α-mannosidase 2	man2a1		diagnostic	bladder cancer			Humans	HCV29 bladder epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	25470275	In particular, reduced expression of glycogene man2a1, which encodes α-mannosidase 2, contributed to the decreased proportions of bi-, tri- and tetra-antennary complex N-glycans, and increased expression of hybrid-type N-glycans.
hybrid-type N-glycans	increased level				α-mannosidase 2	man2a1		diagnostic	bladder cancer			Humans	HCV29 bladder epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	25470275	In particular, reduced expression of glycogene man2a1, which encodes α-mannosidase 2, contributed to the decreased proportions of bi-, tri- and tetra-antennary complex N-glycans, and increased expression of hybrid-type N-glycans.
fucosylated N-glycans	increased level				Type 1 α-L-fucosidase	fuca1		diagnostic	bladder cancer			Humans	HCV29 bladder epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	25470275	Decreased expression of fuca1 gene, which encodes Type 1 α-L-fucosidase, contributed to increased expression of fucosylated N-glycans in TGFβ-induced EMT.
N-glycan epitopes	acquisition of structure	KIF13B		KIF13B protein, human|Kinesins				diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	aptamer	human	breast cancer cells	MCF-7 Cells	31550741	Two proteins, kinesin-like protein (KI13B) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), have been identified that carry N-glycan epitopes after conjugation with aptamer sequences.
N-glycan epitopes	acquisition of structure	PCNA		PCNA protein, human|Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen				diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	aptamer	human	breast cancer cells	MCF-7 Cells	31550741	Two proteins, kinesin-like protein (KI13B) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), have been identified that carry N-glycan epitopes after conjugation with aptamer sequences.
glycan	altered level							diagnostic|predictive	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		human	liver	Humans	27592383	We applied this approach on real proteomic and glycomic data generated by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) biomarker discovery study.
	undetermined														19133724	
Core 1 type glycans	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	serum		18332077	Core 1 type glycans (83%) dominated the profile which also confirmed high levels of sialylation: 80% of the glycans were mono-, di- or trisialylated.
Core 2 type structures	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	serum		18332077	Core 2 type structures contributed approximately 17% of the assigned glycans and the oncofoetal Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF) antigen (Galbeta1-3GalNAc) accounted for 14% of the total glycans.
oncofoetal Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF) antigen (Galbeta1-3GalNAc)	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	serum		18332077	Core 2 type structures contributed approximately 17% of the assigned glycans and the oncofoetal Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF) antigen (Galbeta1-3GalNAc) accounted for 14% of the total glycans.
sialic acid alpha2-8 linked to sialylated core 1 type structures	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	serum		18332077	Interestingly, two core 1 type glycans were identified that had sialic acid alpha2-8 linked to sialylated core 1 type structures (9% of the total glycan pool).
core-fucosylated, multiply branched and sialylated structures	increased level							diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Homo sapiens	serum	Serum	31208374	Out of 35 N-glycans that were significantly up-regulated in the sera of all BC patients compared to the NC, 17 complex type N-glycans showed profound expression abundance and diagnostic potential (AUC = 0.8-1) for the early stage (I and II) BC patients.
core-fucosylated and agalactosylated glycans (m/z 1591, 1794)	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Homo sapiens	serum	Serum	31208374	N-glycans quantified form IgG confirmed their abundance in BC patients, of which two core-fucosylated and agalactosylated glycans (m/z 1591, 1794) could specifically distinguish (AUC = 0.944 and 0.921, p ≤ 0.001) stage II patients from NC.
Tn	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1				response	malignancies	Neoplasms	chimeric antigen receptor-engineered human T cells	human	tumor-associated cell membrane		27851917	This CAR selectively binds MUC1 that carries the Tn or sialyl (S)Tn glycan.
sialyl (S)Tn	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1				response	malignancies	Neoplasms	chimeric antigen receptor-engineered human T cells	human	tumor-associated cell membrane		27851917	This CAR selectively binds MUC1 that carries the Tn or sialyl (S)Tn glycan.
N-glycan	acquisition of structure	CPA4|AAT|HP|HSC70		|Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins				prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	MCF-7 cancer cell line	MCF-7 Cells	26167486	Further analysis by lectin showed that CPA4, AAT, HP, and HSC70 were secreted as N-glycan in the medium of MCF-7, with HP also showing differentially N-glycosylated isoforms.
O-glycan	acquisition of structure	CPA4|HSC70		|Glycoproteins				prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	MCF-7 cancer cell line	MCF-7 Cells	26167486	No O-glycan was detected in the medium of HMEpC but MCF-7 expressed O-glycosylated CPA4 and HSC70.
glycated hemoglobin	unaltered level	hemoglobin						diagnostic|monitoring	diabetes			Humans	blood		33707127	It is a biomarker for diagnosis of diabetes and prediabetes and of medium-term glycemic control in patients with established diabetes.
glycated albumin	unaltered level	albumin						monitoring	diabetes			Humans	blood		33707127	A similar fructosamine derivative of serum albumin, glycated albumin (GA), finds use as a biomarker of glycemic control, particularly where there is interference in use of A1C.
advanced glycation endproducts	unaltered level							risk	vascular complications of diabetes			Humans	blood		33707127	Investigational glycation biomarkers are in development for: (i) healthy aging; (ii) risk prediction of vascular complications of diabetes; (iii) diagnosis of autism; and (iv) diagnosis and classification of early-stage arthritis.
sialylated O-glycans	increased ratio	MUC1		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	cancer			human	urine		21077635	It was also suggested that purified human urinary MUC1 was modified preferentially by sialylated O-glycans (94% of total) with 7:3 ratio of core 1 to core 2 type O-glycans.
PGP10(FA1G1Ga1)	unaltered level							risk	vulnerability to trauma			Rats	blood–plasma		32666865	Pretrauma levels of PGP10(FA1G1Ga1), PGP11(FA2G2), and PGP15(FA3G2) correlated positively with it, the last one being the most sensitive.
PGP11(FA2G2)	unaltered level							risk	vulnerability to trauma			Rats	blood–plasma		32666865	Pretrauma levels of PGP10(FA1G1Ga1), PGP11(FA2G2), and PGP15(FA3G2) correlated positively with it, the last one being the most sensitive.
PGP15(FA3G2)	unaltered level							risk	vulnerability to trauma			Rats	blood–plasma		32666865	Pretrauma levels of PGP10(FA1G1Ga1), PGP11(FA2G2), and PGP15(FA3G2) correlated positively with it, the last one being the most sensitive.
PGP17(A2G2S)	increased level							risk	vulnerability to trauma			Rats	blood–plasma		32666865	In plasma trauma increased PGP17(A2G2S) level in vulnerable animals.
BGP11(F(6)A2B)	increased level							risk	vulnerability to trauma			Rats	prefrontal cortex|hippocampus|amygdala	Amygdala	32666865	In all three brain regions, BGP11(F(6)A2B) was more abundant in vulnerable rats, while most behavioral correlations occurred in the prefrontal cortex.
sialylated tri-antennary glycans	increased level	serotransferrin						diagnostic	diabetic cognitive impairment	Cognitive Dysfunction|Diabetes Mellitus		Humans	plasma		36720372	We found that N-glycopeptides with sialylated tri- or tetra-antennary glycans on alpha-2-macroglobulin, clusterin, serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1, and haptoglobin were less abundant, whereas 3-sialylated tri-antennary N-glycopeptides on serotransferrin were more abundant.
sialylated tri-antennary glycans	decreased level	alpha-2-macroglobulin|clusterin|serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1|haptoglobin						diagnostic	diabetic cognitive impairment	Cognitive Dysfunction|Diabetes Mellitus		Humans	plasma		36720372	We found that N-glycopeptides with sialylated tri- or tetra-antennary glycans on alpha-2-macroglobulin, clusterin, serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1, and haptoglobin were less abundant, whereas 3-sialylated tri-antennary N-glycopeptides on serotransferrin were more abundant.
sialylated tetra-antennary glycans	decreased level	alpha-2-macroglobulin|clusterin|serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1|haptoglobin						diagnostic	diabetic cognitive impairment	Cognitive Dysfunction|Diabetes Mellitus		Humans	plasma		36720372	We found that N-glycopeptides with sialylated tri- or tetra-antennary glycans on alpha-2-macroglobulin, clusterin, serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1, and haptoglobin were less abundant, whereas 3-sialylated tri-antennary N-glycopeptides on serotransferrin were more abundant.
bisecting GlcNAc	decreased level								colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	tumor tissues		22573871	Among the features with a high separation power, structures containing a bisecting GlcNAc were found to be decreased in the tumor, whereas sulfated glycans, paucimannosidic glycans, and glycans containing a sialylated Lewis type epitope were shown to be increased in tumor tissues.
sulfated glycans	increased level								colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	tumor tissues		22573871	Among the features with a high separation power, structures containing a bisecting GlcNAc were found to be decreased in the tumor, whereas sulfated glycans, paucimannosidic glycans, and glycans containing a sialylated Lewis type epitope were shown to be increased in tumor tissues.
paucimannosidic glycans	increased level								colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	tumor tissues		22573871	Among the features with a high separation power, structures containing a bisecting GlcNAc were found to be decreased in the tumor, whereas sulfated glycans, paucimannosidic glycans, and glycans containing a sialylated Lewis type epitope were shown to be increased in tumor tissues.
sialylated Lewis type epitope	increased level								colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	tumor tissues		22573871	Among the features with a high separation power, structures containing a bisecting GlcNAc were found to be decreased in the tumor, whereas sulfated glycans, paucimannosidic glycans, and glycans containing a sialylated Lewis type epitope were shown to be increased in tumor tissues.
core-fucosylated high mannose N-glycans	acquisition of structure								colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	tumor tissues		22573871	In addition, core-fucosylated high mannose N-glycans were detected in tumor samples.
STn	increased level							diagnostic	gastric cancer			Humans	sera		29390163	Next, internally sialylated O-glycan profiles were constructed using two types of high performance liquid chromatography, which were compared between 20 healthy controls and 11 patients with gastric cancer and 9 patients with pancreatic cancer.
STn	increased level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer			Humans	sera		29390163	Next, internally sialylated O-glycan profiles were constructed using two types of high performance liquid chromatography, which were compared between 20 healthy controls and 11 patients with gastric cancer and 9 patients with pancreatic cancer.
core1 glycans	increased level							diagnostic	gastric cancer			Humans	sera		29390163	Among 17 candidates, one was STn, and the other 16 comprised 10 core1, 1 core2 and 5 core3 glycans.
core1 glycans	increased level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer			Humans	sera		29390163	Among 17 candidates, one was STn, and the other 16 comprised 10 core1, 1 core2 and 5 core3 glycans.
core3 glycans	increased level							diagnostic	gastric cancer			Humans	sera		29390163	Among 17 candidates, one was STn, and the other 16 comprised 10 core1, 1 core2 and 5 core3 glycans.
core3 glycans	increased level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer			Humans	sera		29390163	Among 17 candidates, one was STn, and the other 16 comprised 10 core1, 1 core2 and 5 core3 glycans.
Sialyl Lewis X	increased level			Sialyl Lewis X Antigen	fucosyltransferase 6	FUT6	Fucosyltransferases	risk	colorectal cancer	Neoplasms		human		Humans	37357420	The enhanced expression of sLe<sup>x</sup> on cell surface glycans, which is attributed to the upregulation of fucosyltransferase 6 (FUT6), has been implicated in facilitating metastasis in human colorectal, lung, prostate, and oral cancers.
Sialyl Lewis X	increased level			Sialyl Lewis X Antigen	fucosyltransferase 6	FUT6	Fucosyltransferases	risk	lung cancer	Neoplasms		human		Humans	37357420	The enhanced expression of sLe<sup>x</sup> on cell surface glycans, which is attributed to the upregulation of fucosyltransferase 6 (FUT6), has been implicated in facilitating metastasis in human colorectal, lung, prostate, and oral cancers.
Sialyl Lewis X	increased level			Sialyl Lewis X Antigen	fucosyltransferase 6	FUT6	Fucosyltransferases	risk	prostate cancer	Neoplasms		human		Humans	37357420	The enhanced expression of sLe<sup>x</sup> on cell surface glycans, which is attributed to the upregulation of fucosyltransferase 6 (FUT6), has been implicated in facilitating metastasis in human colorectal, lung, prostate, and oral cancers.
Sialyl Lewis X	increased level			Sialyl Lewis X Antigen	fucosyltransferase 6	FUT6	Fucosyltransferases	risk	oral cancer	Neoplasms		human		Humans	37357420	The enhanced expression of sLe<sup>x</sup> on cell surface glycans, which is attributed to the upregulation of fucosyltransferase 6 (FUT6), has been implicated in facilitating metastasis in human colorectal, lung, prostate, and oral cancers.
DSIgG1 G1FN/G0FN	altered level	DSIgG1		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|predictive	nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy	Diabetic Retinopathy		Humans	serum		37364630	DSIgG1 G1FN/G0FN, G2N/G2, G2FN/G2N and DSIgG2 G1F/G0F, G1FN/G0FN, G2N/G1N, G2S/G2 were significantly different between NDR and NPDR patients (p < 0.05) in both the discovery and validation sets.
DSIgG1 G2N/G2	altered level	DSIgG1		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|predictive	nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy	Diabetic Retinopathy		Humans	serum		37364630	DSIgG1 G1FN/G0FN, G2N/G2, G2FN/G2N and DSIgG2 G1F/G0F, G1FN/G0FN, G2N/G1N, G2S/G2 were significantly different between NDR and NPDR patients (p < 0.05) in both the discovery and validation sets.
DSIgG1 G2FN/G2N	altered level	DSIgG1		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|predictive	nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy	Diabetic Retinopathy		Humans	serum		37364630	DSIgG1 G1FN/G0FN, G2N/G2, G2FN/G2N and DSIgG2 G1F/G0F, G1FN/G0FN, G2N/G1N, G2S/G2 were significantly different between NDR and NPDR patients (p < 0.05) in both the discovery and validation sets.
DSIgG2 G1F/G0F	altered level	DSIgG2		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|predictive	nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy	Diabetic Retinopathy		Humans	serum		37364630	DSIgG1 G1FN/G0FN, G2N/G2, G2FN/G2N and DSIgG2 G1F/G0F, G1FN/G0FN, G2N/G1N, G2S/G2 were significantly different between NDR and NPDR patients (p < 0.05) in both the discovery and validation sets.
DSIgG2 G1FN/G0FN	altered level	DSIgG2		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|predictive	nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy	Diabetic Retinopathy		Humans	serum		37364630	DSIgG1 G1FN/G0FN, G2N/G2, G2FN/G2N and DSIgG2 G1F/G0F, G1FN/G0FN, G2N/G1N, G2S/G2 were significantly different between NDR and NPDR patients (p < 0.05) in both the discovery and validation sets.
DSIgG2 G2N/G1N	altered level	DSIgG2		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|predictive	nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy	Diabetic Retinopathy		Humans	serum		37364630	DSIgG1 G1FN/G0FN, G2N/G2, G2FN/G2N and DSIgG2 G1F/G0F, G1FN/G0FN, G2N/G1N, G2S/G2 were significantly different between NDR and NPDR patients (p < 0.05) in both the discovery and validation sets.
DSIgG2 G2S/G2	altered level	DSIgG2		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|predictive	nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy	Diabetic Retinopathy		Humans	serum		37364630	DSIgG1 G1FN/G0FN, G2N/G2, G2FN/G2N and DSIgG2 G1F/G0F, G1FN/G0FN, G2N/G1N, G2S/G2 were significantly different between NDR and NPDR patients (p < 0.05) in both the discovery and validation sets.
total agalactosylated biantennary glycans	increased level							diagnostic|monitoring	liver fibrosis			Humans	serum		19951379	We found higher levels of total agalactosylated biantennary glycans in fibrosis patients with HBV infection than in healthy controls.
biantennary (NA2) N-glycans	decreased level							diagnostic|monitoring	liver fibrosis			Humans	serum		19951379	The biantennary (NA2) and the triantennary (NA3) N-glycans decreased significantly (P<0.001) with increased severity of fibrosis.
triantennary (NA3) N-glycans	decreased level							diagnostic|monitoring	liver fibrosis			Humans	serum		19951379	The biantennary (NA2) and the triantennary (NA3) N-glycans decreased significantly (P<0.001) with increased severity of fibrosis.
bisected complex type N-glycans	increased level							diagnostic	uveal melanoma	Uveal Neoplasms|Uveal Melanoma		human	ectosomes	Cell-Derived Microparticles	31382537	Selective enrichment of ectosomal proteins with bisected complex type N-glycans and α2,6-linked sialic acids may be significant for ectosome formation and sequestration.
α2,6-linked sialic acids	increased level							diagnostic	uveal melanoma	Uveal Neoplasms|Uveal Melanoma		human	ectosomes	Cell-Derived Microparticles	31382537	Selective enrichment of ectosomal proteins with bisected complex type N-glycans and α2,6-linked sialic acids may be significant for ectosome formation and sequestration.
N-glycans	altered level	CD69		CD69 antigen								Humans	leukocytes	T-Lymphocytes	9287313	The results in this study provide a molecular basis for human CD69 heterogeneity and show that multiple dimeric forms of human CD69 result from the variable addition of N-glycans to atypical and typical glycosylation motifs within the CD69 extracellular domain.
N-glycans	increased level	secreted glycoproteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	MIA PaCa-2 cells		38163666	The profiling of N-glycans in cancer cells revealed an increase in the secreted glycoproteins from the primary tumor of MIA PaCa-2 cells, whereas human sera, which contain many secreted glycoproteins, had significant changes of glycans at their specific glycosites.
glycosylation	decreased level							response	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms	AMG-510	human	MIA PaCa-2 cells		38163666	We also found that AMG-510, a small molecule inhibitor against Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) G12C mutation, profoundly reduced the glycosylation level in MIA PaCa-2 cells, suggesting that KRAS plays a role in the cellular glycosylation process, and thus glycosylation inhibition contributes to the anti-tumor effect of AMG-510.
IgA1 N-glycans	unaltered level	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A					IgA nephropathy			human	serum		18826328	Kinetic and equilibrium data from surface plasmon resonance experiments revealed that variation in the IgA1 C H2 N-glycans had no effect on the kinetics or affinity constants for binding to FcalphaRI.
Carbohydrates	undetermined			Biomarkers|Carbohydrates				diagnostic	Disease	Disease		Humans		Humans	18095367	The groups focused on two themes: (i) glycomics as the new frontier for the discovery of biomarkers of disease and (ii) requirements for the development of informatics for glycomics and glycobiology.
N-acetylneuraminic acid	decreased level											human	umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stromal cells	Humans|Mesenchymal Stem Cells	23708401	We show here by mass spectrometric analysis of cell surface N-glycans that about half of N-acetylneuraminic acid was replaced by N-propanoylneuraminic acid in the N-glycans of human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs supplemented with ManNProp.
N-propanoylneuraminic acid	increased level											human	umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stromal cells	Humans|Mesenchymal Stem Cells	23708401	We show here by mass spectrometric analysis of cell surface N-glycans that about half of N-acetylneuraminic acid was replaced by N-propanoylneuraminic acid in the N-glycans of human umbilical cord blood-derived MSCs supplemented with ManNProp.
multiply fucosylated N-glycan species	increased level											human	umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stromal cells	Humans|Mesenchymal Stem Cells	23708401	ManNProp-supplemented cells had more multiply fucosylated N-glycan species than control cells.
tri- and tetra-antennary and polylactosamine-containing N-glycans	increased level											human	umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stromal cells	Humans|Mesenchymal Stem Cells	23708401	The amounts of tri- and tetra-antennary and polylactosamine-containing N-glycans also increased in ManNProp supplementation.
sialyl Lewis x epitope	increased level											human	umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stromal cells	Humans|Mesenchymal Stem Cells	23708401	In accordance with previous studies of other cell types, increased expression of the sLex epitope in ManNProp-supplemented MSCs was demonstrated by flow cytometry.
N-glycosylation site	altered level	haptoglobin β chain		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	hepatitis B virus	Hepatitis B		Humans	serum		22365690	Furthermore, N-glycosylation site ratios on serum haptoglobin (Hp) β chain in healthy individuals as well as patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV), liver cirrhosis (LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were quantified to validate the novel 'iTRAQ plus (18)O' method.
N-glycosylation site	altered level	haptoglobin β chain		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	liver cirrhosis			Humans	serum		22365690	Furthermore, N-glycosylation site ratios on serum haptoglobin (Hp) β chain in healthy individuals as well as patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV), liver cirrhosis (LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were quantified to validate the novel 'iTRAQ plus (18)O' method.
N-glycosylation site	altered level	haptoglobin β chain		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma			Humans	serum		22365690	Furthermore, N-glycosylation site ratios on serum haptoglobin (Hp) β chain in healthy individuals as well as patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV), liver cirrhosis (LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were quantified to validate the novel 'iTRAQ plus (18)O' method.
sialylation	increased level							diagnostic	PLA2R1-related idiopathic membranous nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, Membranous		Humans	serum		38862068	Compared to healthy controls, up-regulation of sialylation and core-fucosylation as well as down-regulation of galactosylation were observed in PLA2R1-positive IMN patients, and up-regulation of hyper-galactosylation was specific for PLA2R1-negative IMN patients.
core-fucosylation	increased level							diagnostic	PLA2R1-related idiopathic membranous nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, Membranous		Humans	serum		38862068	Compared to healthy controls, up-regulation of sialylation and core-fucosylation as well as down-regulation of galactosylation were observed in PLA2R1-positive IMN patients, and up-regulation of hyper-galactosylation was specific for PLA2R1-negative IMN patients.
galactosylation	decreased level							diagnostic	PLA2R1-related idiopathic membranous nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, Membranous		Humans	serum		38862068	Compared to healthy controls, up-regulation of sialylation and core-fucosylation as well as down-regulation of galactosylation were observed in PLA2R1-positive IMN patients, and up-regulation of hyper-galactosylation was specific for PLA2R1-negative IMN patients.
hyper-galactosylation	increased level							diagnostic	PLA2R1-related idiopathic membranous nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, Membranous		Humans	serum		38862068	Compared to healthy controls, up-regulation of sialylation and core-fucosylation as well as down-regulation of galactosylation were observed in PLA2R1-positive IMN patients, and up-regulation of hyper-galactosylation was specific for PLA2R1-negative IMN patients.
N-linked glycans of IgG	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				response	rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid	tocilizumab	Humans	peripheral blood mononuclear cells		22467923	A significant increase in the degree of galactosylation of IgG N-glycans in patients with RA treated with tocilizumab was documented.
O-linked galactosyl beta1,3 N-acetylgalactosamine (Gal beta1-->3GalNAc)	decreased level	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins	endo-alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase		alpha-N-Acetylgalactosaminidase		decreased trypsin inhibitory activity			Cattle		Cattle	11129611	In contrast, the trypsin inhibitory activity of asialo- and de-O-glycosylated fetuin decreased about a half and one-third of that of native fetuin, respectively.
sialylated MUC1	altered level	Mucin 1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	Cholangiocarcinoma	Cholangiocarcinoma		Humans	sera		26091356	The high-throughput analysis detected disease-specific alterations of glycosylation, and the statistical analysis confirmed that use of Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) alone produced a diagnostic score sufficient for discriminating 33 CC cases from 40 hepatolithiasis patients and 48 normal controls (p < 0.0001).
α1-6 fucosylated tri-antennary glycans	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	pneumonia			Humans	plasma		23580236	Increased level of α1-6 fucosylated tri-antennary glycans was found in all disease groups compared to the control.
α1-6 fucosylated tri-antennary glycans	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	chronic obstructive pulmonary disease			Humans	plasma		23580236	Increased level of α1-6 fucosylated tri-antennary glycans was found in all disease groups compared to the control.
α1-6 fucosylated tri-antennary glycans	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	lung cancer			Humans	plasma		23580236	Increased level of α1-6 fucosylated tri-antennary glycans was found in all disease groups compared to the control.
core- and arm-fucosylation on tetra-antennary glycans	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	lung cancer			Humans	plasma		23580236	Elevated amounts of core- and arm-fucosylation on tetra-antennary glycans were detected in the lung cancer group compared to the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease group.
high-mannose type glycans	increased level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	Capan-1 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	26057990	We demonstrate that the level of high-mannose type glycans is higher among Capan-1 cells-pancreatic cancer cells that have metastasized to the liver-than that observed among Panc-1 and MIA PaCa-2 cells-pancreatic cancer cells from the pancreas duct head and tail regions, respectively.
highly-branched sialyted N-glycans	increased level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	Panc-1 and MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	26057990	Furthermore, the relative abundance of highly-branched sialyted N-glycans is significantly up-regulated on Panc-1 and MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells compared to that of normal HPDE pancreas cells.
trisialylated triantennary glycans	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		mouse	serum		30194503	We found that the levels of trisialylated triantennary glycans of haptoglobin and vitamin D-binding protein increased significantly as the disease progressed, while the alteration in these protein levels were modest.
trisialylated triantennary glycans	increased level	vitamin D-binding protein		Vitamin D-Binding Protein				diagnostic	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		mouse	serum		30194503	We found that the levels of trisialylated triantennary glycans of haptoglobin and vitamin D-binding protein increased significantly as the disease progressed, while the alteration in these protein levels were modest.
N-glycosylation	undetermined			Glycoproteins				monitoring	high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma	Ovarian Neoplasms	cytoreductive surgery and chemotherapy	Humans	serum		30981729	Here, we describe a proteomics strategy to detect tumor-associated proteins in serum of HGSC patient-derived xenograft models.
Tn antigen	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					cancer				cancer cells		31799848	To help address this knowledge gap, we focused on designing synthetic tools to explore the role of tumor-associated glycans of MUC1 in the formation of metastasis via association with lectins.
NA3Fb	altered level	serum proteins		Blood Proteins				diagnostic|monitoring	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		human	blood	Blood Proteins	19070631	We show that two N-glycan structures (NGA2F and NA2F) present in human blood glycoproteins change with ageing, and that one triantennary glycan (NA3Fb) is correlated with tumor stage in HCC patients.
NGA2F	altered level	serum proteins		Blood Proteins				predictive	ageing	Aging		human	blood	Blood Proteins	19070631	We show that two N-glycan structures (NGA2F and NA2F) present in human blood glycoproteins change with ageing, and that one triantennary glycan (NA3Fb) is correlated with tumor stage in HCC patients.
NA2F	altered level	serum proteins		Blood Proteins				predictive	ageing	Aging		human	blood	Blood Proteins	19070631	We show that two N-glycan structures (NGA2F and NA2F) present in human blood glycoproteins change with ageing, and that one triantennary glycan (NA3Fb) is correlated with tumor stage in HCC patients.
IgA1 N-glycans	increased level	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A					rheumatoid arthritis			Humans	serum		9442070	This also suggests why in contrast to IgG Fc, the IgA1 N-glycans are not undergalactosylated in rheumatoid arthritis.
Bisecting GlcNAc	altered level							diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		32106961	Bisecting GlcNAc and triantennary glycan compositions were found to be significantly changed between GC cases (n = 50) and healthy control, indicating the great potential to be novel biomarkers for GC early diagnosis.
triantennary glycan	altered level							diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		32106961	Bisecting GlcNAc and triantennary glycan compositions were found to be significantly changed between GC cases (n = 50) and healthy control, indicating the great potential to be novel biomarkers for GC early diagnosis.
sialylated mucin-type O-glycan with core 1- and core 2-based structures	acquisition of structure	PD-1 protein		Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor					cancer		cancer therapy		stalk region		37316505	In this study, we identified the previously undescribed modification sites of O-linked glycan on the stalk region of PD-1 protein using O-protease digestion coupling with intact mass analysis.
Tn antigen	increased level							diagnostic	cancer			Human	Jurkat cells	Humans|Jurkat Cells	28514044	In cancer cells, some glycans (such as the Tn antigen) are highly up-regulated, but this remains largely unknown for glycoproteins with a particular glycan.
PD-1	decreased level	Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor	PDCD1	Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor|PDCD1 protein, human	Peptide-N4-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl) Asparagine Amidase	NGLY1	Peptide-N4-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl) Asparagine Amidase		cancer		doxorubicin	Humans	Tumor cells	Cell Line, Tumor	38782868	Instead, we observe that Dox promotes the interaction between peptide-N(4)-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl)asparagine amidase (NGLY1) and PD-1, facilitating NGLY1-mediated PD-1 deglycosylation and destabilization.
core 2 O-glycan	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1											23640779	Intriguingly, the O-glycosylation of the shed MUC1 ectodomain subunit changes from preponderant sialylated core 1 (MUC1-M) to core 2 glycans on the non-recycling CQC/AQA mutant.
core 1 O-glycan	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1											23640779	Intriguingly, the O-glycosylation of the shed MUC1 ectodomain subunit changes from preponderant sialylated core 1 (MUC1-M) to core 2 glycans on the non-recycling CQC/AQA mutant.
large (>15 glucose units), sialylated N-glycans containing the H-type 1 antigen (Fuc-α1,2-Gal-β1,3-GlcNAc)	unaltered level							diagnostic	ovarian carcinoma	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	cancer cell	Cell Line	29101385	"As a result of this ""shotgun"" glycomics approach, we corroborate the previously assigned specificity of mAb A4 by showing that mAb A4 binds primarily to large (>15 glucose units), sialylated N-glycans containing the H-type 1 antigen (Fuc-α1,2-Gal-β1,3-GlcNAc)."
type 1 N-acetyl-lactosamine	unaltered level							diagnostic	ovarian carcinoma	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	cancer cell	Cell Line	29101385	Although mAb A4 was also capable of directly binding to type 1 N-acetyl-lactosamine, this epitope was mostly shielded by sialylation and thus relatively inaccessible to binding.
N-glycan	increased ratio	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	non-alcoholic steatohepatitis			Humans	serum		22119618	The N-glycan profile of immunoglobulin G in the NASH population confirmed the significantly increased undergalactosylation present in these patients.
N-glycan	decreased ratio	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	steatosis			Humans	serum		22119618	Our glycomarker specifically recognises liver inflammation in obese individuals which is the main trigger for the development of steatohepatitis and can differentiate between steatosis and NASH.
fucosylated glycans	increased level	Haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	psoriasis	Psoriasis		Humans	skin scales|plasma		23272204	Hpt from skin and plasma of patients showed more fucosylated and branched glycans than Hpt from plasma of healthy subjects.
branched glycans	increased level	Haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	psoriasis	Psoriasis		Humans	skin scales|plasma		23272204	Hpt from skin and plasma of patients showed more fucosylated and branched glycans than Hpt from plasma of healthy subjects.
sialylated glycan chains	decreased level	Haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	psoriasis	Psoriasis		Humans	skin scales		23272204	a decreased amount of sialylated glycan chains was found in glycopeptides of skin Hpt, as compared with Hpt from plasma.
sulfated O-glycans	increased level							diagnostic	ocular rosacea	Rosacea		Humans	tear|saliva	Tears|Saliva	22814645	The abundance of highly fucosylated N-glycans in the control samples and sulfated O-glycans in ocular rosacea patient samples may lead to the discovery of an objective diagnostic marker for the disease.
highly fucosylated N-glycans	unaltered level							diagnostic	ocular rosacea	Rosacea		Humans	tear|saliva	Tears|Saliva	22814645	The abundance of highly fucosylated N-glycans in the control samples and sulfated O-glycans in ocular rosacea patient samples may lead to the discovery of an objective diagnostic marker for the disease.
glycans	altered level							diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial|Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		24557531	We hypothesized that glycan-based biomarkers might serve as a diagnostic test for ovarian cancer and evaluated the ability of glycans to distinguish ovarian cancer cases from matched controls.
glycans	altered level							diagnostic	low malignant potential tumors			Humans	serum		24557531	The patterns of glycans showed discriminatory power for distinguishing EOC and LMP cases from controls.
Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen	increased level	RPE cell surface			Mgat5		Mgat5 protein, human|N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|alpha-1,6-mannosylglycoprotein beta 1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase	diagnostic	proliferative vitreoretinopathy	Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative		human	RPE cells	Retinal Pigment Epithelium	26760037	Lectin blot analysis revealed that EMT of RPE cells in vitro confers a glycomic shift towards an abundance of Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen, poly-N-acetyllactosamine chains, and complex-type branched N-glycans.
poly-N-acetyllactosamine chains	increased level	RPE cell surface			Mgat5		Mgat5 protein, human|N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|alpha-1,6-mannosylglycoprotein beta 1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase	diagnostic	proliferative vitreoretinopathy	Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative		human	RPE cells	Retinal Pigment Epithelium	26760037	Lectin blot analysis revealed that EMT of RPE cells in vitro confers a glycomic shift towards an abundance of Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen, poly-N-acetyllactosamine chains, and complex-type branched N-glycans.
complex-type branched N-glycans	increased level	RPE cell surface			Mgat5		Mgat5 protein, human|N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|alpha-1,6-mannosylglycoprotein beta 1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase	diagnostic	proliferative vitreoretinopathy	Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative		human	RPE cells	Retinal Pigment Epithelium	26760037	Lectin blot analysis revealed that EMT of RPE cells in vitro confers a glycomic shift towards an abundance of Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen, poly-N-acetyllactosamine chains, and complex-type branched N-glycans.
neutral N-glycans with two or more fucose	loss of structure	HSA|CD24		|CD24 protein, human|Cd24a protein, mouse					lymphoblastoma|neuroblastoma|astrocytoma			mouse|human	lymphoblastoma|neuroblastoma|astrocytoma	|Cell Line|	12829373	HSA and CD24 from all cell lines express almost no neutral N-glycans with two or more fucose in contrast to brain HSA and glycoproteins from mouse and human brain.
highly fucosylated, higher branched N-glycans	acquisition of structure	CD24		CD24 protein, human|Cd24a protein, mouse					neuroblastoma			human	neuroblastoma	Cell Line	12829373	The lack of extensive fucosylation was also observed for desialylated glycans of HSA and CD24 from all cell lines analysed except for CD24 from a human neuroblastoma cell line which exhibits like total human and mouse brain glycoproteins a large variety of highly fucosylated, higher branched N-glycans.
desialylated non-fucosylated glycans	increased level	HSA							mouse brain	Brain		mouse	brain	Brain	12829373	HSA from mouse brain carries in addition desialylated non-fucosylated glycans of high abundance which were detected, if at all, only at low intensity in all other samples analysed suggesting that they may be implicated in specific functions of mouse brain HSA.
Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi)	unaltered level	Mac-2-binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic	liver fibrosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Korean	serum		35285104	Limited data are available with regard to biological variations of the Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi), a liver fibrosis biomarker.
sialylation	decreased level	MUC1		Mucin-1					respiratory disease	Respiratory System		Humans	airway epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	14707484	However, MUC1 synthesized in the airway cell line showed comparatively low levels of sialylation but carried a range of oligo-N-acetyllactosamine structures that were not seen in the colon carcinoma cell line.
oligo-N-acetyllactosamine	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					respiratory disease	Respiratory System		Humans	airway epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	14707484	However, MUC1 synthesized in the airway cell line showed comparatively low levels of sialylation but carried a range of oligo-N-acetyllactosamine structures that were not seen in the colon carcinoma cell line.
glycopeptides	altered level			Glycopeptides				diagnostic	cancer			Humans	plasma		33060657	Alterations in the human glycome have been associated with cancer and autoimmunity.
glycopeptides	altered level			Glycopeptides				diagnostic	autoimmunity			Humans	plasma		33060657	Alterations in the human glycome have been associated with cancer and autoimmunity.
tri- and tetra-branched structures	increased level							diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms	experimental treatment	Humans	blood sera		22304416	"The N-linked glycomic profiles revealed increased abundances of tri- and tetra-branched structures with varying degrees of sialylation and fucosylation and an apparent decrease in the levels of ""bisecting"" glycans in OC samples compared to controls."
bisecting glycans	decreased level							diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms	experimental treatment	Humans	blood sera		22304416	"The N-linked glycomic profiles revealed increased abundances of tri- and tetra-branched structures with varying degrees of sialylation and fucosylation and an apparent decrease in the levels of ""bisecting"" glycans in OC samples compared to controls."
a-galactosylation structures	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms	experimental treatment	Humans	blood sera		22304416	Increased levels of a-galactosylation structures were observed on N-linked glycans derived from IgG, which were independent of the presence of fucose residues.
outer-arm fucosylation	increased level							diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms	experimental treatment	Humans	blood sera		22304416	Elevated levels of outer-arm fucosylation were also identified in the OC samples.
paucimannosidic structures containing two or three mannose residues with core fucose	altered level	90K glycoprotein		LGALS3BP protein, human					cancer metastasis	Antigens, Neoplasm|Biomarkers, Tumor		Drosophila melanogaster	S2 cells	Drosophila melanogaster|Cell Line	23830458	Because de-N-glycosylated h90K appeared at ∼60kDa protein band, it was suggested that the recombinant h90K from S2 cells has small N-glycans with about half the molecular weight (∼18kDa) of N-glycans of the natural h90K.
NGA2F	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	non-alcoholic steatohepatitis			Humans	Serum		22434757	Peak 1 (NGA2F) is the most significantly elevated N-glycan in paediatric NASH patients with peak 5 (NA2) demonstrating the largest decrease.
NA2	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	non-alcoholic steatohepatitis			Humans	Serum		22434757	Peak 1 (NGA2F) is the most significantly elevated N-glycan in paediatric NASH patients with peak 5 (NA2) demonstrating the largest decrease.
N-linked glycans	altered level							diagnostic	pancreatic adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma|Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal		human	pancreatic ductal fluid	Body Fluids	24328148	Characterization of the total N-linked glycome of normal, IPMN, and adenocarcinoma ductal fluid clustered samples into three discrete groups based on the prevalence of six dominant glycans.
sialyl Lewis a	increased level				NEU4		NEU4 protein, human|Neuraminidase	diagnostic	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		human	cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	21521691	Sialyl Lewis antigens, sialyl Lewis a and sialyl Lewis x, are utilized as tumor markers, and their increase in cancer is associated with tumor progression by enhancement of cancer cell adhesion to endothelial E-selectin.
sialyl Lewis x	increased level				NEU4		NEU4 protein, human|Neuraminidase	diagnostic	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		human	cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	21521691	Sialyl Lewis antigens, sialyl Lewis a and sialyl Lewis x, are utilized as tumor markers, and their increase in cancer is associated with tumor progression by enhancement of cancer cell adhesion to endothelial E-selectin.
Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer	increased level	Mac-2 binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic	liver fibrosis			Humans	serum		33303715	The serum M2BPGi level increased with liver fibrosis severity and could be a good biomarker for diagnosing advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis in NAFLD patients.
Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer	increased level	Mac-2 binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic	Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease	Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease		Humans	serum		33303715	The serum M2BPGi level increased with liver fibrosis severity and could be a good biomarker for diagnosing advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis in NAFLD patients.
N-glycans	loss of structure	CD69		CD69 antigen								Human			10441371	Finally, these results show that CD69 proteins lacking atypical or typical N-glycan addition sites are transported to the plasma membrane.
Lewis(x)	acquisition of structure	CD98hc							breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	MCF7 breast cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	19433864	Proteomic and glycomic analysis of these glycoproteins by mass spectrometry showed that they are forms of CD98hc that bear glycans displaying heavily fucosylated termini, including Lewis(x) and Lewis(y) structures.
Lewis(y)	acquisition of structure	CD98hc							breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	MCF7 breast cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	19433864	Proteomic and glycomic analysis of these glycoproteins by mass spectrometry showed that they are forms of CD98hc that bear glycans displaying heavily fucosylated termini, including Lewis(x) and Lewis(y) structures.
T antigen	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	19433864	Higher levels of binding are associated either with the presence of outer-arm fucosylated structures carried on a variety of different cell surface glycoproteins or with the presence of high levels of the mucin MUC1 bearing T antigen.
glycosylation	altered level	CA125 protein		CA-125 Antigen|MUC16 protein, human				diagnostic	ovarian cancer				ovarian cancer cell lines		29306434	Using this technology, we demonstrated focused differential profiling of tissue-specific glycosylation changes of a biomarker, the CA125 protein purified from ovarian cancer cell lines, and different tissues from ovarian cancer patients in a fast, reproducible, and high-throughput fashion.
sialic acid	decreased level	haptoglobin|hemopexin		Blood Proteins|Blood Proteins				diagnostic	disease				serum	Blood Proteins	22180208	Neuraminidase treatment led to reduction of binding to sialic acid-binding lectins.
mannose	increased level	haptoglobin|hemopexin		Blood Proteins|Blood Proteins				diagnostic	disease				serum	Blood Proteins	22180208	Interestingly, we found that desialylation caused increased binding of haptoglobin and hemopexin to mannose-specific lectins, pointing to the importance of identifying a signature of lectin-binding.
core-fucosylated-agalacto-biantennary glycan	decreased level							diagnostic	COPD	Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive		Human	serum		32321401	The core-fucosylated-agalacto-biantennary glycan differentiated COPD and LC and both from the control and the comorbidity groups.
core-fucosylated-agalacto-biantennary glycan	decreased level							diagnostic	LC	Lung Neoplasms		Human	serum		32321401	The core-fucosylated-agalacto-biantennary glycan differentiated COPD and LC and both from the control and the comorbidity groups.
core-fucosylated-agalacto-biantennary-bisecting, monogalacto and bigalacto structures	decreased level							diagnostic	COPD	Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive		Human	serum		32321401	Decrease in the core-fucosylated-agalacto-biantennary-bisecting, monogalacto and bigalacto structures differentiated all disease groups from the control.
core-fucosylated-agalacto-biantennary-bisecting, monogalacto and bigalacto structures	decreased level							diagnostic	LC	Lung Neoplasms		Human	serum		32321401	Decrease in the core-fucosylated-agalacto-biantennary-bisecting, monogalacto and bigalacto structures differentiated all disease groups from the control.
fucosylated-galactosylated-triantennary structure	increased level							diagnostic	LC	Lung Neoplasms		Human	serum		32321401	The significant increase of the fucosylated-galactosylated-triantennary structure was highly specific for LC, to a medium extent for COPD and a lesser extent for comorbidity.
fucosylated-galactosylated-triantennary structure	increased level							diagnostic	COPD	Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive		Human	serum		32321401	The significant increase of the fucosylated-galactosylated-triantennary structure was highly specific for LC, to a medium extent for COPD and a lesser extent for comorbidity.
afucosylated-galactosylated-biantennary structure	increased level							diagnostic	COPD	Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive		Human	serum		32321401	Also, some increase in the afucosylated-galactosylated-biantennary structure in all three disease types and afucosylated-galactosylated-triantennary structures in COPD and LC were observed in comparison to the control group.
afucosylated-galactosylated-biantennary structure	increased level							diagnostic	LC	Lung Neoplasms		Human	serum		32321401	Also, some increase in the afucosylated-galactosylated-biantennary structure in all three disease types and afucosylated-galactosylated-triantennary structures in COPD and LC were observed in comparison to the control group.
afucosylated-galactosylated-triantennary structures	increased level							diagnostic	COPD	Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive		Human	serum		32321401	Also, some increase in the afucosylated-galactosylated-biantennary structure in all three disease types and afucosylated-galactosylated-triantennary structures in COPD and LC were observed in comparison to the control group.
afucosylated-galactosylated-triantennary structures	increased level							diagnostic	LC	Lung Neoplasms		Human	serum		32321401	Also, some increase in the afucosylated-galactosylated-biantennary structure in all three disease types and afucosylated-galactosylated-triantennary structures in COPD and LC were observed in comparison to the control group.
LacdiNAc	acquisition of structure	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins					cancer			Humans	cancer cells	Humans	19178301	Using our system, we successfully identified glycan alterations on alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), including a novel LacdiNAc structure in addition to previously reported alterations such as alpha1,6 fucosylation.
alpha1,6 fucosylation	acquisition of structure	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins					cancer			Humans	cancer cells	Humans	19178301	Using our system, we successfully identified glycan alterations on alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), including a novel LacdiNAc structure in addition to previously reported alterations such as alpha1,6 fucosylation.
N-glycan	altered level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		28052004	This study suggested that N-glycan variation of serum haptoglobin were associated with patients with gastric cancer and might be a promising marker for the cancer screening.
multi-glycans	altered level							diagnostic|monitoring	cancer	Neoplasms, Experimental	drug treatment	Humans	cancer cells	K562 Cells	25104432	Then, this ELPCD was successfully applied to determine cell-surface multi-glycans in parallel and in-situ monitor multi-glycans expression on living cells in response to drug treatment through in-electrode 3D cell culture.
glycation	increased level								vascular dysfunction			Rats	adipose tissue	Adipose Tissue	23845007	Our data show that besides causing vascular dysfunction, glycation further contributes to impaired adipocyte metabolism after a decrease of tissue irrigation, what may hamper metabolic adaptation during tissue expansion.
N-glycan	altered level	apoD		Apolipoproteins D					Alzheimer's disease			Mouse|Human	Brain	Cerebrum	26829325	Recent studies have shown that cerebral apoD levels increase with age and in Alzheimer's disease (AD).
N-glycan	undetermined							diagnostic	malignancy			Human	serum		20698584	Glycosylation is a common post-translational modification and is often associated with transformation to malignancy.
sialyl-Lewis X (SLe(X))	increased level	RON receptor tyrosine kinase		RON protein|Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases	ST3GAL4		Sialyltransferases|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase	prognostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	gastric carcinoma cells		26721331	Further analysis of RON confirmed its modification with SLe(X) and the concomitant activation.
bisected N-glycans	decreased level				ST3GAL4		Sialyltransferases|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	gastric carcinoma cells		26721331	Our results showed that ST3GAL4 overexpression leads to several glycosylation alterations, including reduced O-glycan extension and decreased bisected and increased branched N-glycans.
branched N-glycans	increased level				ST3GAL4		Sialyltransferases|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	gastric carcinoma cells		26721331	Our results showed that ST3GAL4 overexpression leads to several glycosylation alterations, including reduced O-glycan extension and decreased bisected and increased branched N-glycans.
HECA-452	decreased level	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1		P-selectin ligand protein					dermal tropism associated with malignancies and inflammatory disorders		4-F-GlcNAc	human	T cells	Lymphocytes	12393521	In addition, we show that 4-F-GlcNAc was directly incorporated into native CLA expressed on T cells, indicating direct inhibition on poly-N-acetyllactosamine elongation and selectin-binding determinants on PSGL-1 O-glycans.
N-linked glycans	altered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	disease-specific			Humans	tissue extracts	Tissue Extracts	18697734	As model glycoproteins having either N-linked or O-linked glycans, prostate-specific antigen or podoplanin, respectively, were subjected to systematic ALP analysis.
O-linked glycans	altered level	podoplanin		PDPN protein, human				diagnostic	disease-specific			Humans	tissue extracts	Tissue Extracts	18697734	As model glycoproteins having either N-linked or O-linked glycans, prostate-specific antigen or podoplanin, respectively, were subjected to systematic ALP analysis.
high-mannose type N-glycans	increased level	serum glycoproteins		Glycoproteins				monitoring	environmental stress			Holstein dairy cow	serum		26595672	The results obtained revealed seasonal alterations in serum N-glycan levels and their structural characteristics, such as an increase in high-mannose type N-glycans in spring, the occurrence of di/triantennary complex type N-glycans terminating with two or three Neu5Gc residues in summer and autumn, and N-glycans in winter dominantly displaying Neu5Ac.
di/triantennary complex type N-glycans terminating with two or three Neu5Gc residues	acquisition of structure	serum glycoproteins		Glycoproteins				monitoring	environmental stress			Holstein dairy cow	serum		26595672	The results obtained revealed seasonal alterations in serum N-glycan levels and their structural characteristics, such as an increase in high-mannose type N-glycans in spring, the occurrence of di/triantennary complex type N-glycans terminating with two or three Neu5Gc residues in summer and autumn, and N-glycans in winter dominantly displaying Neu5Ac.
N-glycans dominantly displaying Neu5Ac	acquisition of structure	serum glycoproteins		Glycoproteins				monitoring	environmental stress			Holstein dairy cow	serum		26595672	The results obtained revealed seasonal alterations in serum N-glycan levels and their structural characteristics, such as an increase in high-mannose type N-glycans in spring, the occurrence of di/triantennary complex type N-glycans terminating with two or three Neu5Gc residues in summer and autumn, and N-glycans in winter dominantly displaying Neu5Ac.
glycans	altered level	insulin-like growth factor system		Somatomedins				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	biological samples		34972939	We applied the described method for glycan analysis of glycoprotein biomarkers of colorectal cancer associated with the insulin-like growth factor system.
N-glycans	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	metabolic syndrome			Humans	Chinese Han population		31313980	After controlling for age and sex, we found that the 16, 21, and 18 IgG N-glycan traits were significantly different in participants with and without metabolic syndrome, hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype, or abdominal obesity, respectively.
N-glycans	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype			Humans	Chinese Han population		31313980	After controlling for age and sex, we found that the 16, 21, and 18 IgG N-glycan traits were significantly different in participants with and without metabolic syndrome, hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype, or abdominal obesity, respectively.
N-glycans	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	abdominal obesity			Humans	Chinese Han population		31313980	After controlling for age and sex, we found that the 16, 21, and 18 IgG N-glycan traits were significantly different in participants with and without metabolic syndrome, hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype, or abdominal obesity, respectively.
biantennary fucosylated structures	increased level							diagnostic	adipogenesis	Adipogenesis		Humans	Mesenchymal stem cells	Mesenchymal Stem Cells	23829188	Adipogenesis was accompanied by an increased amount of biantennary fucosylated structures, decreased amount of fucosylated, afucosylated tri- and tetraantennary structures and increased sialylation.
fucosylated, afucosylated tri- and tetraantennary structures	decreased level							diagnostic	adipogenesis	Adipogenesis		Humans	Mesenchymal stem cells	Mesenchymal Stem Cells	23829188	Adipogenesis was accompanied by an increased amount of biantennary fucosylated structures, decreased amount of fucosylated, afucosylated tri- and tetraantennary structures and increased sialylation.
sialylation	increased level							diagnostic	adipogenesis	Adipogenesis		Humans	Mesenchymal stem cells	Mesenchymal Stem Cells	23829188	Adipogenesis was accompanied by an increased amount of biantennary fucosylated structures, decreased amount of fucosylated, afucosylated tri- and tetraantennary structures and increased sialylation.
H6N5F1	increased level							diagnostic	undifferentiated MSCs			Humans	Mesenchymal stem cells	Mesenchymal Stem Cells	23829188	N-glycans H6N5F1 and H7N6F1 were significantly overexpressed in undifferentiated MSCs while H3N4F1 and H5N4F3 were upregulated in adipogenically differentiated MSCs.
H7N6F1	increased level							diagnostic	undifferentiated MSCs			Humans	Mesenchymal stem cells	Mesenchymal Stem Cells	23829188	N-glycans H6N5F1 and H7N6F1 were significantly overexpressed in undifferentiated MSCs while H3N4F1 and H5N4F3 were upregulated in adipogenically differentiated MSCs.
H3N4F1	increased level							diagnostic	adipogenically differentiated MSCs			Humans	Mesenchymal stem cells	Mesenchymal Stem Cells	23829188	N-glycans H6N5F1 and H7N6F1 were significantly overexpressed in undifferentiated MSCs while H3N4F1 and H5N4F3 were upregulated in adipogenically differentiated MSCs.
H5N4F3	increased level							diagnostic	adipogenically differentiated MSCs			Humans	Mesenchymal stem cells	Mesenchymal Stem Cells	23829188	N-glycans H6N5F1 and H7N6F1 were significantly overexpressed in undifferentiated MSCs while H3N4F1 and H5N4F3 were upregulated in adipogenically differentiated MSCs.
human milk glycans	unaltered level							diagnostic	virus infection	Receptors, Virus		Humans	Milk, Human	Milk, Human	23115247	Human influenza viruses and Parvovirus Minute Viruses of Mice also specifically recognized several HMGs.
human milk glycans	unaltered level							diagnostic	embryonic stem cell biomarker	Embryonic Stem Cells		Humans	Milk, Human	Milk, Human	23115247	Anti-TRA-1 antibodies that recognize human pluripotent stem cells specifically recognized several HMGs that were then further structurally defined as novel epitopes for these antibodies.
O-glycans	altered level	pro-sucrase-isomaltase|dipeptidyl peptidase IV		Sucrase-Isomaltase Complex|Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4					altered polarized sorting			Humans	intestinal brush border	Intestines	10364244	However, the polarized sorting of two of these proteins, pro-SI and DPPIV, to the apical membrane is substantially altered when O-glycans are not completely processed, while the sorting of ApN is not affected.
N-glycan	altered level							diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	serum		19764807	This study identified candidate glycan biomarkers associated with hepatocellular carcinoma by mass spectrometry.
glycosylated mucins	altered level	Mucins		Mucins				diagnostic	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases		Humans	Fecal		36762763	Assessment of Fecal Glycosylated Mucins as Novel Biomarkers in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.
core 2-based glycans	decreased level	MUC1		Mucin-1	beta 6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases				breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast cancer cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	12000758	The structural patterns in the majority of cells under study are in conflict with biosynthetic models of MUC1 O-glycosylation in breast cancer, which claim that the truncation of normal core 2-based polylactosamine structures to short sialylated core 1-based glycans is due to the reduced activity of core 2-forming beta 6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases and/or to overexpression of competitive alpha 3- sialyltransferase.
core 1-based glycans	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1	alpha 3-sialyltransferase				breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast cancer cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	12000758	The structural patterns in the majority of cells under study are in conflict with biosynthetic models of MUC1 O-glycosylation in breast cancer, which claim that the truncation of normal core 2-based polylactosamine structures to short sialylated core 1-based glycans is due to the reduced activity of core 2-forming beta 6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases and/or to overexpression of competitive alpha 3- sialyltransferase.
6-sulfo sialyl Lewis x (sLex)	acquisition of structure	CD34		Antigens, CD34					inflammation			Humans	tonsillar endothelial	Palatine Tonsil	11895802	Experiments performed in vitro and with gene-deleted mice suggest that CD34 recognizes L-selectin if decorated by 6-sulfo sialyl Lewis x (sLex) saccharides and the MECA-79 epitope.
MECA-79 epitope	acquisition of structure	CD34		Antigens, CD34					inflammation			Humans	tonsillar endothelial	Palatine Tonsil	11895802	Experiments performed in vitro and with gene-deleted mice suggest that CD34 recognizes L-selectin if decorated by 6-sulfo sialyl Lewis x (sLex) saccharides and the MECA-79 epitope.
Carbohydrate deficient transferrin	increased level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	congenital disorders of glycosylation			Humans	serum		33636501	Carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) is used as biomarker of different health problems as, for example, congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG).
N-glycosylation	altered level	immunoglobulin G|immunoglobulin M|immunoglobulin A|transferrin|haptoglobin|alpha-1-antitrypsin		Immunoglobulin G|Immunoglobulin M|Immunoglobulin A|||				diagnostic|monitoring	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	serum	Humans	31471495	To demonstrate the technological application in the context of a disease model, we performed a pilot study in an ovarian cancer cohort (n = 34) using discrimination and classification analyses to identify aberrant glycosylation.
Polysaccharides	undetermined			Polysaccharides					Genetic Diseases, Inborn	Genetic Diseases, Inborn		Humans			17584078	
O-linked carbohydrate chains	decreased level	MUC-1		Mucin-1					breast carcinoma	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8969192	We conclude that MUC-1 from breast cancer cell lines has simpler, and fewer, carbohydrate chains than MUC-1 from normal breast epithelial cells, and that these differences, combined or separately, explain the differential tumor specificity of some MUC-1 antibodies and T cells.
O-linked carbohydrate chains	increased level	MUC-1		Mucin-1					normal breast epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells		human	normal breast epithelial cell lines	Epithelial Cells	8969192	We conclude that MUC-1 from breast cancer cell lines has simpler, and fewer, carbohydrate chains than MUC-1 from normal breast epithelial cells, and that these differences, combined or separately, explain the differential tumor specificity of some MUC-1 antibodies and T cells.
fucosylation	increased level	glycosphingolipids		Glycosphingolipids				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	colorectal tumor tissues	Colorectal Neoplasms	23878401	Main discriminators were obtained, which represent the overall alteration in glycosylation of glycosphingolipids during colorectal cancer progression, and these were found to be characterized by (1) increased fucosylation, (2) decreased acetylation, (3) decreased sulfation, (4) reduced expression of globo-type glycans, as well as (5) disialyl gangliosides.
acetylation	decreased level	glycosphingolipids		Glycosphingolipids				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	colorectal tumor tissues	Colorectal Neoplasms	23878401	Main discriminators were obtained, which represent the overall alteration in glycosylation of glycosphingolipids during colorectal cancer progression, and these were found to be characterized by (1) increased fucosylation, (2) decreased acetylation, (3) decreased sulfation, (4) reduced expression of globo-type glycans, as well as (5) disialyl gangliosides.
sulfation	decreased level	glycosphingolipids		Glycosphingolipids				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	colorectal tumor tissues	Colorectal Neoplasms	23878401	Main discriminators were obtained, which represent the overall alteration in glycosylation of glycosphingolipids during colorectal cancer progression, and these were found to be characterized by (1) increased fucosylation, (2) decreased acetylation, (3) decreased sulfation, (4) reduced expression of globo-type glycans, as well as (5) disialyl gangliosides.
globo-type glycans	decreased level	glycosphingolipids		Glycosphingolipids				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	colorectal tumor tissues	Colorectal Neoplasms	23878401	Main discriminators were obtained, which represent the overall alteration in glycosylation of glycosphingolipids during colorectal cancer progression, and these were found to be characterized by (1) increased fucosylation, (2) decreased acetylation, (3) decreased sulfation, (4) reduced expression of globo-type glycans, as well as (5) disialyl gangliosides.
disialyl gangliosides	unaltered level	glycosphingolipids		Glycosphingolipids				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	colorectal tumor tissues	Colorectal Neoplasms	23878401	Main discriminators were obtained, which represent the overall alteration in glycosylation of glycosphingolipids during colorectal cancer progression, and these were found to be characterized by (1) increased fucosylation, (2) decreased acetylation, (3) decreased sulfation, (4) reduced expression of globo-type glycans, as well as (5) disialyl gangliosides.
fucosylation	increased level	C3|CE|HRG|CD14|HGF		Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins				diagnostic	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		19961239	The intensity for AAL and LCA was significantly higher in HCC, indicating an elevation of fucosylation level.
glycan family	altered level							predictive	epithelial ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Human	serum		22903841	As a demonstration of its utility, the program was used to identify putative biomarkers for epithelial ovarian cancer from a human serum sample set.
glycan	altered level							diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	serum		18076765	Finally, mass spectrometry data of serum glycan for ovarian cancer diagnosis was analyzed.
N-linked oligosaccharides	increased level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	serum		17249709	Increased branching of N-linked oligosaccharides and increased fucosylation and sialylation were observed in samples from patients with pancreatic cancer.
fucosylation	increased level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	serum		17249709	Increased branching of N-linked oligosaccharides and increased fucosylation and sialylation were observed in samples from patients with pancreatic cancer.
sialylation	increased level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	serum		17249709	Increased branching of N-linked oligosaccharides and increased fucosylation and sialylation were observed in samples from patients with pancreatic cancer.
T-antigen	increased level	Qsox1		Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate				risk	cancer metastasis			Drosophila melanogaster	macrophages	Macrophages	30910009	Aberrant display of the truncated core1 O-glycan T-antigen is a common feature of human cancer cells that correlates with metastasis.
T-antigen	increased level	Qsox1		Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate				risk	development			Drosophila melanogaster	macrophages	Macrophages	30910009	We thus identify a key conserved regulator that orchestrates O-glycosylation on a protein subset to activate a program governing migration steps important for both development and cancer metastasis.
Glycans	altered level								human disease			Humans	Cells	Humans	21111227	Recent advances in glycomics reveal the scope and scale of their functional roles and their impact on human disease.
sialic acid	decreased level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		20726802	When comparing PSA subforms from PCa with seminal plasma, a decrease in sialylation was observed.
core fucosylated glycans	decreased level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		20726802	Furthermore, the analysis of F3, the more abundant PSA subform, showed a higher proportion of alpha 2-3 sialic acid and a decrease in core fucosylated glycans in the PCa sample.
glycan	undetermined							diagnostic|prognostic	chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive		Humans		Humans	31955582	The manuscript is focusing on recently discovered potential protein and glycan biomarkers for COPD.
glycan structures	altered level							diagnostic	esophageal adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma|Esophageal Neoplasms		Humans	blood serum	Humans	19441788	The changes in the relative intensities of three of the known glycan structures predicted esophageal adenocarcinoma with 94% sensitivity and better than 60% specificity as determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.
glycan structures	altered level							diagnostic	high grade dysplasia			Humans	blood serum	Humans	19441788	These markers can differentiate disease-free from HGD, disease-free from EAC, and HGD from EAC.
glycan structures	altered level							diagnostic	Barrett's esophagus			Humans	blood serum	Humans	19441788	We performed glycomic profiling of serum from patients with no known disease (N = 18), patients with high grade dysplasia (HGD, N = 11) and Barrett's esophagus (N = 5), and patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC, N = 50) in an attempt to delineate distinct differences in glycosylation between these groups.
fucosylated glycans	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	serum		26503433	The ratio of the fucosylated peaks to their corresponding nonfucosylated forms shows that the fucosylated glycans are upregulated in the case of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) samples versus cirrhosis samples, where the relatively low abundance bifucosylated tetra-antennary form can be detected and may be a particularly good marker for HCC.
fucosylated glycans	decreased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	liver cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		human	serum		26503433	The ratio of the fucosylated peaks to their corresponding nonfucosylated forms shows that the fucosylated glycans are upregulated in the case of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) samples versus cirrhosis samples, where the relatively low abundance bifucosylated tetra-antennary form can be detected and may be a particularly good marker for HCC.
fucosylated glycans in tri- and tetra-antennary structures	increased level	α1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic|prognostic	cancer	Neoplasms		Human	plasma	Plasma	23509786	It was found that the relative abundance of fucosylated glycans in tri- and tetra-antennary structures (FUCAGP) was significantly higher in cancer patients as compared with the healthy group (P < 0.001).
fucosylated glycans in tri- and tetra-antennary structures	increased level	α1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				prognostic	poor prognosis	Prognosis		Human	plasma	Plasma	23509786	Furthermore, extremely elevated levels of FUCAGP were found specifically in patients with a poor prognosis but not in patients with a good prognosis.
FA2B	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				predictive	chronological age			Human			27428197	Eleven IgG glycans, including FA2B, A2G1, FA2[6]G1, FA2[3]G1, FA2[6]BG1, FA2[3]BG1, A2G2, A2BG2, FA2G2, FA2G2S1, and FA2G2S2, change considerably with age and specific combinations of these glycan features can explain 23.3% to 45.4% of the variance in chronological age in this population.
A2G1	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				predictive	chronological age			Human			27428197	Eleven IgG glycans, including FA2B, A2G1, FA2[6]G1, FA2[3]G1, FA2[6]BG1, FA2[3]BG1, A2G2, A2BG2, FA2G2, FA2G2S1, and FA2G2S2, change considerably with age and specific combinations of these glycan features can explain 23.3% to 45.4% of the variance in chronological age in this population.
FA2[6]G1	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				predictive	chronological age			Human			27428197	Eleven IgG glycans, including FA2B, A2G1, FA2[6]G1, FA2[3]G1, FA2[6]BG1, FA2[3]BG1, A2G2, A2BG2, FA2G2, FA2G2S1, and FA2G2S2, change considerably with age and specific combinations of these glycan features can explain 23.3% to 45.4% of the variance in chronological age in this population.
FA2[3]G1	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				predictive	chronological age			Human			27428197	Eleven IgG glycans, including FA2B, A2G1, FA2[6]G1, FA2[3]G1, FA2[6]BG1, FA2[3]BG1, A2G2, A2BG2, FA2G2, FA2G2S1, and FA2G2S2, change considerably with age and specific combinations of these glycan features can explain 23.3% to 45.4% of the variance in chronological age in this population.
FA2[6]BG1	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				predictive	chronological age			Human			27428197	Eleven IgG glycans, including FA2B, A2G1, FA2[6]G1, FA2[3]G1, FA2[6]BG1, FA2[3]BG1, A2G2, A2BG2, FA2G2, FA2G2S1, and FA2G2S2, change considerably with age and specific combinations of these glycan features can explain 23.3% to 45.4% of the variance in chronological age in this population.
FA2[3]BG1	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				predictive	chronological age			Human			27428197	Eleven IgG glycans, including FA2B, A2G1, FA2[6]G1, FA2[3]G1, FA2[6]BG1, FA2[3]BG1, A2G2, A2BG2, FA2G2, FA2G2S1, and FA2G2S2, change considerably with age and specific combinations of these glycan features can explain 23.3% to 45.4% of the variance in chronological age in this population.
A2G2	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				predictive	chronological age			Human			27428197	Eleven IgG glycans, including FA2B, A2G1, FA2[6]G1, FA2[3]G1, FA2[6]BG1, FA2[3]BG1, A2G2, A2BG2, FA2G2, FA2G2S1, and FA2G2S2, change considerably with age and specific combinations of these glycan features can explain 23.3% to 45.4% of the variance in chronological age in this population.
A2BG2	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				predictive	chronological age			Human			27428197	Eleven IgG glycans, including FA2B, A2G1, FA2[6]G1, FA2[3]G1, FA2[6]BG1, FA2[3]BG1, A2G2, A2BG2, FA2G2, FA2G2S1, and FA2G2S2, change considerably with age and specific combinations of these glycan features can explain 23.3% to 45.4% of the variance in chronological age in this population.
FA2G2	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				predictive	chronological age			Human			27428197	Eleven IgG glycans, including FA2B, A2G1, FA2[6]G1, FA2[3]G1, FA2[6]BG1, FA2[3]BG1, A2G2, A2BG2, FA2G2, FA2G2S1, and FA2G2S2, change considerably with age and specific combinations of these glycan features can explain 23.3% to 45.4% of the variance in chronological age in this population.
FA2G2S1	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				predictive	chronological age			Human			27428197	Eleven IgG glycans, including FA2B, A2G1, FA2[6]G1, FA2[3]G1, FA2[6]BG1, FA2[3]BG1, A2G2, A2BG2, FA2G2, FA2G2S1, and FA2G2S2, change considerably with age and specific combinations of these glycan features can explain 23.3% to 45.4% of the variance in chronological age in this population.
FA2G2S2	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				predictive	chronological age			Human			27428197	Eleven IgG glycans, including FA2B, A2G1, FA2[6]G1, FA2[3]G1, FA2[6]BG1, FA2[3]BG1, A2G2, A2BG2, FA2G2, FA2G2S1, and FA2G2S2, change considerably with age and specific combinations of these glycan features can explain 23.3% to 45.4% of the variance in chronological age in this population.
sugar	altered level							diagnostic	depression			Rats	plasma		21080506	Clear separation between the model and control group was achieved, and the level of twelve metabolites, including amino acids, sugar, organic acids and fatty acids, were significantly different between plasma samples from the controls and CUMS group.
mucin O-glycans	altered level	MUC16		MUC16 protein, human					drying mucosal diseases			human	corneal epithelial cells	Epithelium, Corneal	18172093	These results indicate that epithelial O-glycans contribute to the antiadhesive properties of cell surface-associated mucins in corneal epithelial cells and suggest that alterations in mucin O-glycosylation are involved in the pathology of drying mucosal diseases (e.g., dry eye).
gangliosides	undetermined							response	neuroblastoma		monoclonal antibodies	Humans	cancer cells	Neoplastic Stem Cells	23250773	The recent success of using monoclonal antibodies against nonprotein gangliosides for the treatment of high-risk neuroblastoma provides an incentive to search for new glycan-targeted immunotherapies for cancer using markers found through glycomic analysis as targets.
N-glycosylation	altered level							diagnostic	neurological disease			mouse	brain	Brain	27259237	Analysis of the identified N-glycoproteins revealed that many of the mouse brain proteins are N-glycosylated, including those proteins in critical pathways for nervous system development and neurological disease.
bisection of diantennary species	altered level							risk	inflammation	Inflammation		Humans	plasma		27932526	Overall, the bisection, galactosylation, and sialylation of diantennary species, the sialylation of tetraantennary species, and the size of high-mannose species proved to be important plasma characteristics associated with inflammation and metabolic health.
galactosylation of diantennary species	altered level							risk	inflammation	Inflammation		Humans	plasma		27932526	Overall, the bisection, galactosylation, and sialylation of diantennary species, the sialylation of tetraantennary species, and the size of high-mannose species proved to be important plasma characteristics associated with inflammation and metabolic health.
sialylation of diantennary species	altered level							risk	inflammation	Inflammation		Humans	plasma		27932526	Overall, the bisection, galactosylation, and sialylation of diantennary species, the sialylation of tetraantennary species, and the size of high-mannose species proved to be important plasma characteristics associated with inflammation and metabolic health.
sialylation of tetraantennary species	altered level							risk	inflammation	Inflammation		Humans	plasma		27932526	Overall, the bisection, galactosylation, and sialylation of diantennary species, the sialylation of tetraantennary species, and the size of high-mannose species proved to be important plasma characteristics associated with inflammation and metabolic health.
size of high-mannose species	altered level							risk	inflammation	Inflammation		Humans	plasma		27932526	Overall, the bisection, galactosylation, and sialylation of diantennary species, the sialylation of tetraantennary species, and the size of high-mannose species proved to be important plasma characteristics associated with inflammation and metabolic health.
O-glycan	decreased level	CD8		CD8 Antigens								Cricetinae	CHO K1 cells	CHO Cells	12676960	We characterize the glycosylation of soluble, chimeric forms of the alphaalpha- and alphabeta-isoforms of murine CD8 containing the O-glycosylated stalk of rat CD8alphaalpha, and we show that the stalk O-glycans are differentially sialylated in CHO K1 versus Lec3.2.8.1 cells (82 versus approximately 6%, respectively).
O-glycan	increased level	CD8		CD8 Antigens								Cricetinae	Lec3.2.8.1 cells		12676960	We characterize the glycosylation of soluble, chimeric forms of the alphaalpha- and alphabeta-isoforms of murine CD8 containing the O-glycosylated stalk of rat CD8alphaalpha, and we show that the stalk O-glycans are differentially sialylated in CHO K1 versus Lec3.2.8.1 cells (82 versus approximately 6%, respectively).
mono-sialylated N-glycan	increased level	alpha-Fetoproteins		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		11044358	Our findings indicate that HCC-associated isoforms (Band + II) represent a group of glycoproteins whose carbohydrate structures are all characterized by being mono-sialylated, whereas those associated with benign liver disease and NSGCT are di- and a-sialo species, respectively.
di-sialylated N-glycan	increased level	alpha-Fetoproteins		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	benign liver disease			Humans	serum		11044358	Our findings indicate that HCC-associated isoforms (Band + II) represent a group of glycoproteins whose carbohydrate structures are all characterized by being mono-sialylated, whereas those associated with benign liver disease and NSGCT are di- and a-sialo species, respectively.
a-sialo N-glycan	increased level	alpha-Fetoproteins		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	non-seminomatous germ cell tumours			Humans	serum		11044358	Our findings indicate that HCC-associated isoforms (Band + II) represent a group of glycoproteins whose carbohydrate structures are all characterized by being mono-sialylated, whereas those associated with benign liver disease and NSGCT are di- and a-sialo species, respectively.
N-glycans	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					colon carcinoma			human	Caco2 cells	Caco-2 Cells	16585136	Here, we evaluated the N-glycosylation of MUC1 derived from two sources: endogenous MUC1 isolated from human milk and a recombinant epitope-tagged MUC1F overexpressed in Caco2 colon carcinoma cells.
glycomic profile	altered level							diagnostic	disease						31407893	The classifier can be used to differentiate the source of the material; applicable sources may be different species of animals, different protein production methods, or, most importantly, different biological states (disease vs healthy).
N-glycan at amino-acid position 89 (N89)	loss of structure	inducible costimulator (ICOS)		ICOS protein, human|Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator Protein									T-cell	Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte	19931508	We found that glycosylation-defective mutant proteins lacking N-glycan at amino-acid position 89 (N89), but not proteins lacking either N23 or N110, were retained within the cell and were not detected on the cell surface membrane.
N-linked glycans	altered level								disease			Human	cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	26511985	This paper describes the third study, which was conducted to compare different approaches for quantitation of N- and O-linked glycans attached to proteins in crude biological samples.
O-linked glycans	altered level								disease			Human	cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	26511985	This paper describes the third study, which was conducted to compare different approaches for quantitation of N- and O-linked glycans attached to proteins in crude biological samples.
N-glycosylation	undetermined	Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor	Pdcd1	Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor|Pdcd1 protein, mouse					esophageal cancer			Humans|Mice	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes	38503797	Immunohistochemical staining of esophageal cancer patient samples showed a lower percentage of CD4+ cells in the galectin 7 high area.
N-Glycans	undetermined	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				predictive				Humans		Humans	31651214	Why Not Use the Immunoglobulin G N-Glycans as Predictor Variables in Disease Biomarker-Phenotype Association Studies?
C-terminal glycopeptides	undetermined								cancer	Cancer Vaccines		Humans		Humans	31661093	Natural glycopeptides have been shown to possess interesting biological activities.
α2,3-sialylated isomers	altered level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	urine		34625256	Urinary PSA glycan profiles were compared to a commercially available PSA standard revealing differences in their α2,3- and α2,6-sialylated isomers, proving the excellent selectivity of the suggested workflow.
α2,6-sialylated isomers	altered level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	urine		34625256	Urinary PSA glycan profiles were compared to a commercially available PSA standard revealing differences in their α2,3- and α2,6-sialylated isomers, proving the excellent selectivity of the suggested workflow.
bisecting N-linked glycans	acquisition of structure	membrane glycoproteins		Membrane Glycoproteins	GnT-III	Mgat3	N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases	diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	ovarian cancer tissues		25437919	Our data illustrate that the majority of membrane glycoproteins with bisecting glycosylation are common to both serous and endometrioid histological subtypes of ovarian cancer, and several have been reported to participate in signaling pathways such as Notch, Wnt, and TGFβ.
Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation-modified isomer (M2BPGi)	increased level	Mac-2 binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic	liver fibrosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		36125546	Serum M2BPGi is a novel marker of liver fibrosis in patients with IF.
bisect-type N-glycans	increased level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Human	serum	Serum	26968461	In contrast, the expression levels of the serum and CSF protein N-glycans such as bisect-type and multiply branched glycoforms were increased significantly in AD patient group.
multiply branched N-glycans	increased level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Human	serum	Serum	26968461	In contrast, the expression levels of the serum and CSF protein N-glycans such as bisect-type and multiply branched glycoforms were increased significantly in AD patient group.
bisect-type N-glycans	increased level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Human	cerebrospinal fluid	Cerebrospinal fluid	26968461	In contrast, the expression levels of the serum and CSF protein N-glycans such as bisect-type and multiply branched glycoforms were increased significantly in AD patient group.
multiply branched N-glycans	increased level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Human	cerebrospinal fluid	Cerebrospinal fluid	26968461	In contrast, the expression levels of the serum and CSF protein N-glycans such as bisect-type and multiply branched glycoforms were increased significantly in AD patient group.
GM1	altered level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Human	brain	Cerebral Cortex	26968461	In addition, the levels of some gangliosides such as GM1, GM2 and GM3 appeared to alter in the AD patient brain and serum samples when compared with the normal control groups.
GM2	altered level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Human	brain	Cerebral Cortex	26968461	In addition, the levels of some gangliosides such as GM1, GM2 and GM3 appeared to alter in the AD patient brain and serum samples when compared with the normal control groups.
GM3	altered level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Human	brain	Cerebral Cortex	26968461	In addition, the levels of some gangliosides such as GM1, GM2 and GM3 appeared to alter in the AD patient brain and serum samples when compared with the normal control groups.
GM1	altered level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Human	serum	Serum	26968461	In addition, the levels of some gangliosides such as GM1, GM2 and GM3 appeared to alter in the AD patient brain and serum samples when compared with the normal control groups.
GM2	altered level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Human	serum	Serum	26968461	In addition, the levels of some gangliosides such as GM1, GM2 and GM3 appeared to alter in the AD patient brain and serum samples when compared with the normal control groups.
GM3	altered level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Human	serum	Serum	26968461	In addition, the levels of some gangliosides such as GM1, GM2 and GM3 appeared to alter in the AD patient brain and serum samples when compared with the normal control groups.
polysialylated glycans	altered level	neural cell adhesion molecule		Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules								mouse	brain	Brain Chemistry	11425798	Subsequent analyses of the resulting (glyco)peptides by Edman degradation and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) revealed polysialylated glycans to be exclusively linked to glycosylation sites 5 (Asn(431)) and 6 (Asn(460)), whereas glycans carrying the HNK1-epitope could be assigned to sites 2 (Asn(297)), 5, 6, and, to a lesser extent, site 3 (Asn(329)).
glycans carrying the HNK1-epitope	altered level	neural cell adhesion molecule		Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules								mouse	brain	Brain Chemistry	11425798	Subsequent analyses of the resulting (glyco)peptides by Edman degradation and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) revealed polysialylated glycans to be exclusively linked to glycosylation sites 5 (Asn(431)) and 6 (Asn(460)), whereas glycans carrying the HNK1-epitope could be assigned to sites 2 (Asn(297)), 5, 6, and, to a lesser extent, site 3 (Asn(329)).
Antibody glycosylation	altered level	Antibodies		Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic				predictive	Autoimmune vasculitis	Autoimmune Diseases		Humans		Humans	28202231	Antibody glycosylation predicts relapse in autoimmune vasculitis.
Antibody glycosylation	altered level	Antibodies		Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic				predictive	Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis	Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis		Humans		Humans	28202231	Antibody glycosylation predicts relapse in autoimmune vasculitis.
sialyl Lewis A	increased level							diagnostic|monitoring	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	plasma	Humans	24185138	Furthermore, the combination of sialyl Lewis A or Lewis X content with protein level increased the ability of certain glycoproteins to distinguish 30 patients with stage III and IV colon cancer from 60 control samples.
Lewis X	increased level							diagnostic|monitoring	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	plasma	Humans	24185138	Furthermore, the combination of sialyl Lewis A or Lewis X content with protein level increased the ability of certain glycoproteins to distinguish 30 patients with stage III and IV colon cancer from 60 control samples.
N-glycosylation	altered level			Glycoproteins			Peptide-N4-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl) Asparagine Amidase	diagnostic				mouse	serum	Mice	16944957	These properties--high sensitivity and dependence on glycan imprinting--can be exploited for glycan-biomarker analysis.
glycosylated IgG	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				diagnostic	ground-glass nodules		preoperative determination	Humans	plasma		31861777	In this study, we used a lectin microarray-based strategy to investigate whether glycosylation changes in plasma immunoglobulin G (IgG) provide additional information about the invasiveness of small GGNs before surgery.
glycosylation	altered level											Humans	serum		20726593	Alterations in protein glycosylation play an important role in patho-physiology, and much effort has been devoted to detecting glycoprotein biomarkers.
6-sialylated biantennary glycans	unaltered level								normal adhesion to the oviduct			Sus scrofa	oviduct isthmus	Oviducts	23115267	These results demonstrate that sperm binding to oviduct 6-sialylated biantennary glycans is necessary for normal adhesion to the oviduct.
NA2F	decreased level							diagnostic	Alzheimer disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	serum		20426627	One N-glycan (NA2F) was substantially decreased in AD patients but not in controls.
haptoglobin β glycoforms	altered level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	congenital disorders of glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		Humans	serum		28457853	When separated using 2-DE, haptoglobin β glycoforms showed clear abnormalities in all interpretable CDG type I and CDG type II patterns.
alpha2-6-linked sialic acids	loss of structure				ST6Gal-I		beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase		genetic deficiency in ST6Gal-I			mice	organs		10910972	N- and O-glycan mixtures from organs of mice deficient in ST6Gal-I (CMP-Sia:Galbeta1-4GlcNAc alpha2-6 sialyltransferase) were studied by the nano-NMR spectroscopy approach, showing no detectable alpha2-6-linked sialic acids.
GalNAc-O-Ser/Thr linkage	unaltered level				GalNAcT-8		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases|Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase		genetic deficiency in GalNAcT-8			mice	thymus		10910972	In mice deficient in GalNAcT-8 (UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide O-Ser/Thr GalNAc transferase 8), HPLC profiling indicates that O-glycans persist in the thymus in large amounts, without a major change in overall profile, suggesting that other enzymes can synthesize the GalNAc-O-Ser/Thr linkage in this tissue.
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic|monitoring	chronic liver disease			Humans	serum		20684520	This test comprises a panel of biomarkers that allows follow-up of liver fibrosis patients starting from the early stage.
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic|monitoring	liver fibrosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		20684520	This test comprises a panel of biomarkers that allows follow-up of liver fibrosis patients starting from the early stage.
Asn(418)-linked N-glycan	loss of structure	ErbB3		Receptor, ErbB-3					tumor	Cell Transformation, Neoplastic		human	Flp-In-CHO cells	Cells, Cultured	17332320	These findings suggest that the Asn(418)-linked N-glycan in ErbB3 plays an essential role in regulating receptor heterodimerization with ErbB2 and might have an effect on transforming activity.
carbohydrate	altered level							diagnostic	pathogens	Communicable Diseases					19462030	Glycan arrays are not only a powerful tool for basic research, but also a promising technique for medical diagnosis, and detection of pathogens and cancers.
carbohydrate	altered level							diagnostic	cancers	Neoplasms					19462030	Glycan arrays are not only a powerful tool for basic research, but also a promising technique for medical diagnosis, and detection of pathogens and cancers.
glycation	increased level	ApoA1		APOC1 protein, human|Apolipoprotein C-I				diagnostic	atherosclerotic vascular disease	Atherosclerosis|Vascular Diseases		human	HDL		23078847	The extraordinary C band of ApoA1 was characterized by high levels of glycation and oxidation.
glycation	increased level	ApoC1		APOC1 protein, human|Apolipoprotein C-I				diagnostic	atherosclerotic vascular disease	Atherosclerosis|Vascular Diseases		human	HDL		23078847	Gel identification of the highly-glycated and oxidized C band of ApoA1 and MALDI-TOF detection of oxidized ApoC1 in HDL may provide a new approach for early ASVD diagnosis.
	undetermined														14554015	
N-linked glycans	undetermined	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		human	serum		10584881	We report here the application of fluorescence labelling, sequential exoglycosidase digestion, high-performance liquid chromatography and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization in time-of-flight mass spectrometry, to determine the glycan structures of purified serum AFP from patients with HCC and NSGCT.
N-linked glycans	undetermined	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	non-seminomatous germ cell tumour	Germinoma		human	serum		10584881	We report here the application of fluorescence labelling, sequential exoglycosidase digestion, high-performance liquid chromatography and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization in time-of-flight mass spectrometry, to determine the glycan structures of purified serum AFP from patients with HCC and NSGCT.
O-linked glycans	undetermined	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		human	serum		10584881	The O-linked glycans (three mucin O-GalNAc type glycans with variable degrees of sialylation, one O-HexNAc monosaccharide glycan) have not previously been reported.
O-linked glycans	undetermined	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	non-seminomatous germ cell tumour	Germinoma		human	serum		10584881	The O-linked glycans (three mucin O-GalNAc type glycans with variable degrees of sialylation, one O-HexNAc monosaccharide glycan) have not previously been reported.
N-glycosylation	undetermined	lactoferrin|mammaglobin|fetuin													12458022	This process has been tested on the selection of glycopeptides from lactoferrin and mammaglobin, and the identification of the ion pairs of fetuin glycopeptides.
α2,3-linked sialic acid	increased level								acute lymphoblastic leukaemia			Humans	CD34+ haematopoietic stem cell	Antigens, CD34	30637706	An enhanced cell surface expression of α2,3-linked sialic acid, P- and E-selectins, and intercellular adhesion molecule along with reduced expression of L-selectin distinguishes CD34+ HSCs of UCB from leukaemic samples.
O-acetylated sialoglycoproteins	decreased level				sialylate-O-acetyltransferase		Sialic Acids		acute lymphoblastic leukaemia			Humans	CD34+ haematopoietic stem cell	Antigens, CD34	30637706	More importantly, high expression of O-acetylated sialoglycoproteins, a hallmark of lymphoblasts, is drastically reduced in the CD34+ HSCs of UCB and is substantiated by the low activity of sialylate-O-acetyltransferase and high sialidase activity.
α2,6-linked sialic acids	altered level				sialyltransferase				acute lymphoblastic leukaemia			Humans	CD34+ haematopoietic stem cell	Antigens, CD34	30637706	In contrast, a significant variation is evident in the expression of sialic acid, α2,6-linked sialic acids, and the sialyltransferase activity.
N-glycans	altered level	CD28		CD28 Antigens					diminished CD28 signaling			Humans	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	15047148	Our data indicate that N-glycans of CD28 negatively regulate CD28/CD80 interactions, resulting in diminished CD28 signaling.
fucosylation	altered level	alpha-fetoprotein		Biomarkers, Tumor				diagnostic|monitoring	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		22255136	Disease progression has been shown to correlate with specific fucosylation of a validated HCC serum glycoprotein biomarker, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)
sialylated N-glycan	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	serum	Serum	18487288	Increases in sialylation and fucosylation of glycan structures appeared to be indicative of cancer progression.
fucosylated N-glycan	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	serum	Serum	18487288	Increases in sialylation and fucosylation of glycan structures appeared to be indicative of cancer progression.
6-sulfo sialyl Lewis x	increased level	CD34		Antigens, CD34					lymphocyte extravasation			human	tonsillar	Palatine Tonsil	19359410	Endothelial sialomucin CD34 functions as an L-selectin ligand mediating lymphocyte extravasation only when properly glycosylated to express a sulfated carbohydrate epitope, 6-sulfo sialyl Lewis x (6-sulfo SLe(x)).
mucins	undetermined			Mucins					breast cancer			Human			8579785	In breast cancer, mucins become under or unglycosylated.
TF-antigen	acquisition of structure	major royal jelly glycoprotein		Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen					tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate		insect	royal jelly		25036681	We have reported that new N-glycans carrying the TF-antigen occurred on a major royal jelly glycoprotein, and we have identified the glycosylation site to which the antigenic N-glycan is linked, but an appropriate procedure has not been established to prepare non-labeled immunoreactive glycopeptides in large amounts for functional analysis.
Tri-antennary, N-linked, fucosylated glycans, carrying at least 1 sialyl-Lewis(x/a) antenna	increased level	haptoglobin		HP protein, human|Haptoglobins					prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	sera		17803183	Tri-antennary, N-linked, fucosylated glycans, carrying at least 1 sialyl-Lewis(x/a) antenna, were predominantly located on N207 or N211 within the amino acid 203-215 sequence of the beta-chain of prostate cancer, and were minimal in benign prostate disease.
Tri-antennary, N-linked, fucosylated glycans, carrying at least 1 sialyl-Lewis(x/a) antenna	decreased level	haptoglobin		HP protein, human|Haptoglobins					benign prostate disease	Prostatic Hyperplasia		human	sera		17803183	Tri-antennary, N-linked, fucosylated glycans, carrying at least 1 sialyl-Lewis(x/a) antenna, were predominantly located on N207 or N211 within the amino acid 203-215 sequence of the beta-chain of prostate cancer, and were minimal in benign prostate disease.
Tri-antennary, N-linked, fucosylated glycans, carrying at least 1 sialyl-Lewis(x/a) antenna	loss of structure	haptoglobin		HP protein, human|Haptoglobins					normal subjects			human	sera		17803183	Fucosylated glycans were not observed in normal subjects.
Lewis X epitope	altered level	phosphacan/RPTPβ		Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 5	β1,4-galactosyltransferase 2	B4GALT2			developing brain			mouse	brain	Brain	25361541	Here we showed that the Lewis X epitope was mainly expressed on phosphacan/receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase β (RPTPβ) in the developing mouse brain.
Lewis X epitope	altered level	phosphacan/RPTPβ		Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 5	protein O-mannose β1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 1				developing brain			mouse	brain	Brain	25361541	We also showed that the Lewis X epitope almost disappeared due to the knockout of protein O-mannose β1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 1, an N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase essential for the synthesis of O-mannosylated glycans, which indicated that the O-mannosylated glycan is responsible for presenting the Lewis X epitope.
cell surface glycosylation	altered level							diagnostic	regenerative cell transplantations		pulsed electric field	human	mesenchymal stem cells	Mesenchymal Stem Cells	29963783	Probing cell surface glycomes may provide valuable biomarkers to assess the competence of transplanted cells.
glycosylation	altered level							diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms		human	saliva	Saliva	26743719	Aberrant glycosylation of proteins is a hallmark of tumorigenesis and could provide diagnostic value in cancer detection.
sialylated structures	unaltered level							diagnostic	clinical diagnosis			Human	blood samples	Humans	33380299	Special attention was paid to the preservation of sialylated structures because of their important clinical - biological relevance.
high-mannose-type glycans	loss of structure	envelope glycoprotein		Gene Products, env	endoglycosidase H		Glycoside Hydrolases		HIV-1			human	envelope		9109416	cleavage from Env of either high-mannose-type glycans (HMT- Env) by endoglycosidase H or sialic acid residues (Sial- Env) by sialidase did not alter Env stability whereas its complete deglycosylation (CHO- Env) by N-glycanase had a large effect.
sialic acid residues	loss of structure	envelope glycoprotein		Gene Products, env	sialidase		Glycoside Hydrolases		HIV-1			human	envelope		9109416	cleavage from Env of either high-mannose-type glycans (HMT- Env) by endoglycosidase H or sialic acid residues (Sial- Env) by sialidase did not alter Env stability whereas its complete deglycosylation (CHO- Env) by N-glycanase had a large effect.
glycans	loss of structure	envelope glycoprotein		Gene Products, env	N-glycanase		Glycoside Hydrolases		HIV-1			human	envelope		9109416	cleavage from Env of either high-mannose-type glycans (HMT- Env) by endoglycosidase H or sialic acid residues (Sial- Env) by sialidase did not alter Env stability whereas its complete deglycosylation (CHO- Env) by N-glycanase had a large effect.
glycosylation	altered level							diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	plasma proteins		26558960	Changes in glycosylation profiles are well-established for many plasma proteins in various types of cancer and other diseases.
sialyl Lewis X epitopes (SLe(X))	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	stomach cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		21142185	Glycomic analysis of the total and immunoaffinity depleted serum revealed statistically significant increases in the levels of sialyl Lewis X epitopes (SLe(X)) present on triantennary glycans accompanied by increased levels of core fucosylated agalactosyl biantennary glycans present on IgG (referred to as the IgG G0 glycoform) which are associated with increasing disease pathogenesis.
core fucosylated agalactosyl biantennary glycans	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|prognostic	stomach cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		21142185	Glycomic analysis of the total and immunoaffinity depleted serum revealed statistically significant increases in the levels of sialyl Lewis X epitopes (SLe(X)) present on triantennary glycans accompanied by increased levels of core fucosylated agalactosyl biantennary glycans present on IgG (referred to as the IgG G0 glycoform) which are associated with increasing disease pathogenesis.
core glycan	acquisition of structure	kallikrein-related peptidase 2	KLK2	Tissue Kallikreins					prostate cancer			Leishmania tarentolae			26582203	Mass spectrometry revealed that Asn-95 carries a core glycan, consisting of two GlcNAc and three hexoses.
Lewis(X)	undetermined								Type-2 Lewis family of antigens						26162743	The core trisaccharide also has the potential to be converted to other members of the Type-2 Lewis family of antigens due to the orthogonal nature of the protecting groups employed.
sialyl Lewis x (sLe(x))	undetermined														17279605	The proposed approach was tested with two synthetic O-glycopeptides binding a sialyl Lewis x (sLe(x)) oligosaccharide and a 3'-sialyl N-acetyllactosamine (3'-SLN) on a serine (S) residue.
3'-sialyl N-acetyllactosamine (3'-SLN)	undetermined														17279605	The proposed approach was tested with two synthetic O-glycopeptides binding a sialyl Lewis x (sLe(x)) oligosaccharide and a 3'-sialyl N-acetyllactosamine (3'-SLN) on a serine (S) residue.
glycovariants	undetermined	serum glycoproteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	serum		30882205	We predict that, in the near future, biomarkers, such as these, will be deployed clinically, especially in the fields of cancer and autoimmunity.
glycovariants	undetermined	serum glycoproteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	autoimmunity	Autoimmune Diseases		Humans	serum		30882205	We predict that, in the near future, biomarkers, such as these, will be deployed clinically, especially in the fields of cancer and autoimmunity.
N-glycan at Asn(628)	loss of structure	CD10		Neprilysin					deficient in surface expression and neutral endopeptidase activity			Humans	HEK293 cells	HEK293 Cells	22766194	Surface expression of N-glycan at Asn(628)-deleted CD10 by HEK293 cells was greatly decreased as well as it lost entire NEP activities.
glycans	altered level							diagnostic	Schistosomiasis mansoni	Schistosomiasis mansoni		Humans	serum		18193481	In order to demonstrate the usefulness of the array in the simultaneous detection of glycan-specific serum antibodies, the anti-glycan antibody profiles from sera of S. mansoni-infected individuals as well as from non-endemic uninfected controls were recorded.
N-glycans	unaltered level	CD52 glycoproteins		CD52 Antigen	endolycosidase		Glycoside Hydrolases								15686882	A facile synthesis of homogeneous CD52 glycoproteins carrying native N-glycans was achieved using an endolycosidase-catalyzed oligosaccharide transfer as the key step.
sialic acid	decreased level	MUC1		Mucin-1					endometrial adenocarcinoma	Endometrial Neoplasms		human	endometrial adenocarcinoma cells	Cell Line, Tumor	14767580	A longer, 6-day action of the inhibitor induced a decrease in sialic acid and T antigen levels in cellular MUC1 mucin.
T antigen	decreased level	MUC1		Mucin-1					endometrial adenocarcinoma	Endometrial Neoplasms		human	endometrial adenocarcinoma cells	Cell Line, Tumor	14767580	A longer, 6-day action of the inhibitor induced a decrease in sialic acid and T antigen levels in cellular MUC1 mucin.
glycosylation	unaltered level	Ly6G6c|Ly6G6d|Ly6G6e|Ly6G5c|Ly6G5b		Antigens, Ly|Antigens, Ly|Antigens, Ly|Antigens, Ly|Antigens, Ly					hematopoietic cell differentiation			human|mouse	K562 cells	K562 Cells	17008713	We found that all human and mouse proteins were glycosylated, and most could form part of larger complexes.
N- and O-glycans	altered level	CA125		CA-125 Antigen				diagnostic	pregnancy	Pregnancy		Humans	placental extract	Placenta	15905287	The glycobiochemical properties of CA125 may be of diagnostic and biomedical importance as specific markers of physiological and pathological conditions of early pregnancy, as well as targets in different therapeutic procedures.
O-glycosylation	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					breast cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	cell or tissue lysates	Cell Line	19072658	The sensitive and specific method was applied to the analysis of the O-glycosylation of MUC1 in breast, prostate and gastric cancer, including analysis of a patient tumor specimen.
O-glycosylation	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					prostate cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	cell or tissue lysates	Cell Line	19072658	The sensitive and specific method was applied to the analysis of the O-glycosylation of MUC1 in breast, prostate and gastric cancer, including analysis of a patient tumor specimen.
O-glycosylation	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					gastric cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	cell or tissue lysates	Cell Line	19072658	The sensitive and specific method was applied to the analysis of the O-glycosylation of MUC1 in breast, prostate and gastric cancer, including analysis of a patient tumor specimen.
sialylation	altered level							diagnostic	chronic pancreatitis	Pancreatic Diseases		Humans	serum		16970316	Studies on serum samples showed differences in glycosylation patterns, particularly with respect to sialylation, mannosylation, and fucosylation, in normal, pancreatitis, and cancer sera.
mannosylation	altered level							diagnostic	chronic pancreatitis	Pancreatic Diseases		Humans	serum		16970316	Studies on serum samples showed differences in glycosylation patterns, particularly with respect to sialylation, mannosylation, and fucosylation, in normal, pancreatitis, and cancer sera.
fucosylation	altered level							diagnostic	chronic pancreatitis	Pancreatic Diseases		Humans	serum		16970316	Studies on serum samples showed differences in glycosylation patterns, particularly with respect to sialylation, mannosylation, and fucosylation, in normal, pancreatitis, and cancer sera.
sialylation	altered level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Diseases		Humans	serum		16970316	Studies on serum samples showed differences in glycosylation patterns, particularly with respect to sialylation, mannosylation, and fucosylation, in normal, pancreatitis, and cancer sera.
mannosylation	altered level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Diseases		Humans	serum		16970316	Studies on serum samples showed differences in glycosylation patterns, particularly with respect to sialylation, mannosylation, and fucosylation, in normal, pancreatitis, and cancer sera.
fucosylation	altered level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Diseases		Humans	serum		16970316	Studies on serum samples showed differences in glycosylation patterns, particularly with respect to sialylation, mannosylation, and fucosylation, in normal, pancreatitis, and cancer sera.
O-glycosylation with GalNAc at the DTR motif	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					tumor	Biomarkers, Tumor	MUC1-based immunotherapy	Humans	epithelial mucins	Epithelium	15115750	Improved binding to the glycosylated DTR motif was exclusively found with antibodies generated against tumor-derived MUC1.
α2,3-linked sialoglycans	altered level							diagnostic	liver fibrosis			Humans	serum		31577134	Furthermore, we demonstrate that the amount of α2,3-linked sialoglycans in serum are altered during liver fibrosis using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and liquid chromatography MS (LC/MS) analyses.
A3<sub>3,6,6</sub> to A3F<sub>3,6,6</sub>	decreased ratio							diagnostic	nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) fibrosis progression	Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease		Humans	serum		31577134	We revealed that the ratio of A3<sub>3,6,6</sub> to A3F<sub>3,6,6</sub> was gradually decreased along with liver fibrosis progression.
fucosylated glycoform	increased level	A1AT						diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Liver Neoplasms		Humans	plasma	Plasma	24027776	Additionally, it was elucidated that the differences between HCC and control groups in fucosylated biomarker candidates A1AT and FETUA mainly originated from an increase in fucosylation levels on these target glycoproteins, rather than an increase in the total protein abundance of the target glycoproteins.
fucosylated glycoform	increased level	FETUA						diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Liver Neoplasms		Humans	plasma	Plasma	24027776	Additionally, it was elucidated that the differences between HCC and control groups in fucosylated biomarker candidates A1AT and FETUA mainly originated from an increase in fucosylation levels on these target glycoproteins, rather than an increase in the total protein abundance of the target glycoproteins.
α2,6-sialylated glycan structures	acquisition of structure	ErbB2		ERBB2 protein, human|Receptor, ErbB-2	ST6Gal1		Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human	response	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms	trastuzumab	Humans	gastric cancer clinical specimens	Stomach Neoplasms	33947960	Here, we demonstrate that ErbB2 is modified with both α2,6- and α2,3-sialylated glycan structures in GC clinical specimens.
α2,3-sialylated glycan structures	acquisition of structure	ErbB2		ERBB2 protein, human|Receptor, ErbB-2				response	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms	trastuzumab	Humans	gastric cancer clinical specimens	Stomach Neoplasms	33947960	Here, we demonstrate that ErbB2 is modified with both α2,6- and α2,3-sialylated glycan structures in GC clinical specimens.
O-glycans containing only GalNAc or NeuNAc alpha 2----6GalNAc	increased level	leukosialin		Leukosialin					Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute	Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute	monensin treatment	Humans	K562 cells	Cell Line	2526734	It was found to have a marked effect on the synthesis of O-linked carbohydrate structures of leukosialin since the amount of O-glycans containing only GalNAc or NeuNAc alpha 2----6GalNAc was significantly increased after monensin treatment.
fucosyl	increased ratio	Vitronectin		Vitronectin				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		24628331	Among these glycans, the abundance ratio of two representative glycoforms (fucosyl vs non-fucosyl) was significantly increased in HCC plasma relative to normal plasma.
non-fucosyl	decreased ratio	Vitronectin		Vitronectin				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		24628331	Among these glycans, the abundance ratio of two representative glycoforms (fucosyl vs non-fucosyl) was significantly increased in HCC plasma relative to normal plasma.
O-glycosylation of IgA1	altered level	IgA1							IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans			19294704	In addition, recent advances in glycan structural analyses were presented, including the use of O-linked glycan libraries of standards, use of negative mode nano-LC-MS for O-linked glycan analysis, and identification of aberrant O-glycosylation of IgA1 as a cause of IgA nephropathy.
mucin core-1 sugar	unaltered level											Cattle	serum		22393263	Bovine serum samples were subjected to lectin affinity-chromatography both at the protein- and peptide-level in order to selectively isolate glycopeptides with the most common, mucin core-1 sugar.
glycan	altered level							diagnostic	squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|Uterine Cervical Neoplasms		Humans	squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|Uterine Cervical Neoplasms	28585749	Hippeastrum hybrid lectin was found to be a sensitive marker for distinguishing SCC of the cervix from NSE.
sialylated biantennary complex structures	unaltered level	Prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	normal prostate			Humans	seminal fluid	Semen	12626390	Glycans from normal PSA (that correspond to low and high pI PSA fractions) were sialylated biantennary complex structures, half of them being disialylated in the low pI PSA fraction and mostly monosialylated in the high pI PSA.
neutral oligosaccharides with higher fucose content	acquisition of structure	Prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	LNCaP cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	12626390	In contrast to normal PSA glycans, which were sialylated, LNCaP PSA oligosaccharides were all neutral and contained a higher fucose content.
H2 epitope	acquisition of structure	Prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	LNCaP cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	12626390	In 10-15% of the structures fucose was linked alpha1-2 to galactose, forming the H2 epitope absent in normal PSA.
GalNAc	increased level	Prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	LNCaP cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	12626390	GalNAc was increased in LNCaP glycans to 65%, whereas in normal PSA it was only present in 25% of the structures.
biantennary complex type disialyloligosaccharide	acquisition of structure	AILIM/ICOS		Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator Protein									T-cells	Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte	20362277	The oligosaccharide moiety, a biantennary complex type disialyloligosaccharide, was attached to the cysteine thiol in the peptide backbone using the haloacetamide method.
Polysaccharides	undetermined								Disease	Disease		Humans		Humans	18322298	
	undetermined														22025252	
N-glycosites	unaltered level							diagnostic				Humans	blood serum|plasma	Blood Specimen Collection|	21468948	Here, we describe a method in which N-glycosites are selectively enriched from biological specimens by solid phase capture and PNGase F release, and then analyzed by SRM.
oligomannosidic glycans	increased level								neural cell interactions			rat	brain tissue	Brain Chemistry	9490042	Furthermore, expression of large amounts of oligomannosidic glycans is not usually associated with tissue glycoproteins and suggests a possible involvement of these structures in neural cell interactions.
diantennary N-glycans	altered level								neural cell interactions			rat	brain tissue	Brain Chemistry	9490042	A large proportion of the diantennary N-glycans either lacked Gal residues entirely or were unsubstituted on one Man residue of the trimannosyl core, notably the Man alpha(1,3)-arm.
N-glycan	loss of structure	CD133		PROM1 protein, human				diagnostic	cancer stem cell			Human	stem cell	Humans	21937449	Indeed, inhibiting biosynthesis of the N-glycan precursor using the small molecule tunicamycin or inhibiting its transfer to CD133 by generating N-glycan-deficient CD133 mutants resulted in undetectable cell surface AC133.
glycosylation	undetermined								diseases				body fluids	Body Fluids	20737443	(vi) determine the degree of possible glycosylation and amidation of the biomarker and (vii) decide whether glycosylation and amidation positively or negatively affects the possibility to use the protein as a biomarker.
fucosylated glycans	increased level	Human α1-acid-glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		25732693	Pancreatic cancer samples clearly showed an increase in the abundance of fucosylated glycans as the stage of the disease increases and this was unlike to samples from chronic pancreatitis.
fucosylated glycans	unaltered level	Human α1-acid-glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic	chronic pancreatitis			Humans	serum		25732693	Pancreatic cancer samples clearly showed an increase in the abundance of fucosylated glycans as the stage of the disease increases and this was unlike to samples from chronic pancreatitis.
sialyl Lewis-X	unaltered level	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1		P-selectin ligand protein	ST6GalNAc2		Sialyltransferases|beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase		inflammation	Inflammation		Humans	HL-60 Cells	HL-60 Cells	23548905	Cell rolling on E-selectin was unaltered although the number of adherent cells was reduced by 60%.
di-sialylated T-antigen	increased level	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1		P-selectin ligand protein	ST6GalNAc2		Sialyltransferases|beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase		inflammation	Inflammation		Humans	HL-60 Cells	HL-60 Cells	23548905	Overexpression of glycoprotein-specific ST6GalNAc-transferases (ST6GalNAc1, -2, or -4) in human promyelocytic HL-60 cells altered glycan structures and cell adhesion properties.
sialylated glycans	unaltered level	fetuin|human acid glycoprotein|bovine acid glycoprotein		|Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins								human|mouse|rat	sera		20831242	Most importantly, this derivatization method enabled the successful characterization of N-glycans of sera from different species (human, mouse, and rat) by MALDI-MS.
mannose octasaccharide	undetermined	CD2		CD2 Antigens								human			11844490	A highly concise and effective synthesis of the mannose octasaccharide of the N-linked glycan in the adhesion domain of human CD2 was achieved via TMSOTf-promoted selective 6-glycosylation of a trisaccharide 4,6-diol acceptor with a pentasaccharide donor, followed by deprotection.
mannose hexasaccharide antigenic factor 13b	undetermined											human			11844490	The mannose hexasaccharide antigenic factor 13b was synthesized by condensation of a trisaccharide donor, 2-O-acetyl-3,4,6-tri-O-benzoyl-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl-(1-->2)-3,4,6-tri-O-benzoyl-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl-(1-->3)-4,6-di-O-acetyl-2-O-benzoyl-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl trichloroacetimidate, with a trisaccharide acceptor, methyl 3,4,6-tri-O-benzoyl-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl-(1-->2)-3,4,6-tri-O-benzoyl-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl-(1-->2)-3,4,6-tri-O-benzoyl-alpha-D-mannopyranoside, followed by deprotection.
triantennary structures	increased level	hCGbeta		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human					cancer	Neoplasms		human	urine		16880503	but triantennary structures linked to Asn-30 as well as fucosylation of the Asn-13-bound glycan are increased in cancer-derived hCGbeta.
fucosylation of the Asn-13-bound glycan	increased level	hCGbeta		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human					cancer	Neoplasms		human	urine		16880503	but triantennary structures linked to Asn-30 as well as fucosylation of the Asn-13-bound glycan are increased in cancer-derived hCGbeta.
core-2 glycans at either Ser-127 or Ser-132	increased level	hCGbeta		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human					cancer	Neoplasms		human	urine		16880503	Core-2 glycans at either Ser-127 or Ser-132 were enriched in cancer.
O-linked glycosylation	decreased level	CA 125		Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate				monitoring	nonmucinous ovarian cystadenocarcinoma			Humans	WISH cell line	Amnion|Cell Line	8235310	CA 125 has been established as an important tumor marker for monitoring patients diagnosed with nonmucinous ovarian cystadenocarcinoma although it has also been shown to be expressed by other carcinomas, normal epithelial tissues, and fetal tissues.
N-linked glycosylation	decreased level	CA 125		Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate				monitoring	nonmucinous ovarian cystadenocarcinoma			Humans	WISH cell line	Amnion|Cell Line	8235310	CA 125 has been established as an important tumor marker for monitoring patients diagnosed with nonmucinous ovarian cystadenocarcinoma although it has also been shown to be expressed by other carcinomas, normal epithelial tissues, and fetal tissues.
afucosylated N-glycan	acquisition of structure	rituximab		Rituximab	mannosidase I		mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,2-alpha-mannosidase	response	lymphoma			Nicotiana benthamiana	Fc region of anti-cancer monoclonal antibodies		30621113	The resulting afucosylated rituximab revealed a 14-fold increase in ADCC activity targeting the lymphoma cell line Wil2-S when compared with rituximab produced in the absence of kifunensine.
truncated O-glycans	increased level	leukosialin		Leukosialin	UDP-Gal:GalNAc alpha 1----Ser/Thr beta 1----3galactosyltransferase		Galactosyltransferases		T cell leukemia	Leukemia, Lymphoid		human	Jurkat cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	2140570	The analysis of the O-linked saccharides of immunopurified leukosialin, the major [3H]glucosamine-labeled glycoprotein in Jurkat cell lysate, revealed the presence of mainly GalNAc alpha 1----Ser/Thr with only minor amounts (approximately 17%) of more complex O-glycans.
alpha2,3-sialylation	acquisition of structure	CD133		AC133 Antigen|Antigens, CD|Glycoproteins|PROM1 protein, human				diagnostic	cancer	Neoplastic Stem Cells		human	neural stem cells|glioma-initiating cells	Neural Stem Cells|Neoplastic Stem Cells	20551139	Here, we found that CD133 could be sialylated in neural stem cells and glioma-initiating cells, and the sialyl residues attach to CD133 N-glycan terminal via alpha2,3-linkage.
alpha2,3-sialylation	acquisition of structure	CD133		AC133 Antigen|Antigens, CD|Glycoproteins|PROM1 protein, human				diagnostic	normal stem cells	Stem Cells		human	neural stem cells	Neural Stem Cells	20551139	Here, we found that CD133 could be sialylated in neural stem cells and glioma-initiating cells, and the sialyl residues attach to CD133 N-glycan terminal via alpha2,3-linkage.
WFA-recognized glycans	undetermined	WFA-recognized glycoproteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	cancer			Humans	HEK293T cells	HEK293 Cells	25921242	Our method may help to discover marker glycoproteins for various cancers generating WFA-recognized glycans.
N-glycan	altered level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins					cancer						18264723	The occurrence of cancer accompanies with changes in glycosylation of related proteins.
terminal N-acetyl galactosamine	increased level								pregnancy	Pregnancy		Loxodonta africana	maternal endothelial cells	Endometrium	15028423	Maternal vessels at the apices of the trophoblast-covered stromal upgrowths showed increased expression of terminal N-acetyl galactosamine, N-acetyl glucosamine oligomers, some sialic acids, and tri/tetra-antennate non-bisected complex N-linked glycan, as indicated by increased lectin staining.
N-acetyl glucosamine oligomers	increased level								pregnancy	Pregnancy		Loxodonta africana	maternal endothelial cells	Endometrium	15028423	Maternal vessels at the apices of the trophoblast-covered stromal upgrowths showed increased expression of terminal N-acetyl galactosamine, N-acetyl glucosamine oligomers, some sialic acids, and tri/tetra-antennate non-bisected complex N-linked glycan, as indicated by increased lectin staining.
some sialic acids	increased level								pregnancy	Pregnancy		Loxodonta africana	maternal endothelial cells	Endometrium	15028423	Maternal vessels at the apices of the trophoblast-covered stromal upgrowths showed increased expression of terminal N-acetyl galactosamine, N-acetyl glucosamine oligomers, some sialic acids, and tri/tetra-antennate non-bisected complex N-linked glycan, as indicated by increased lectin staining.
tri/tetra-antennate non-bisected complex N-linked glycan	increased level								pregnancy	Pregnancy		Loxodonta africana	maternal endothelial cells	Endometrium	15028423	Maternal vessels at the apices of the trophoblast-covered stromal upgrowths showed increased expression of terminal N-acetyl galactosamine, N-acetyl glucosamine oligomers, some sialic acids, and tri/tetra-antennate non-bisected complex N-linked glycan, as indicated by increased lectin staining.
IgG N-glycan	increased level	immunoglobulin G		Glycoproteins					liver cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		human	serum		31177770	As a proof of concept, this workflow was applied to patient serum samples from individuals with liver cirrhosis to accurately detect a characteristic increase in an IgG N-glycan.
Tn antigen	unaltered level			Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate|Carbohydrates|Tn antigen											29638123	Starting from commercially available ( S)-isoserine and effectively accessible ( S)-α-methylserine, enantiopure cyclic sulfamidates have been prepared as chiral building blocks for the synthesis of various S- and O-glycosylated amino acid derivatives, including unnatural variants of the Tn antigen, through highly chemo-, regio-, and stereoselective nucleophilic ring-opening reactions with carbohydrate C1- S- and C1- O-nucleophiles.
core fucosylated, agalactosyl biantennary glycans (FA2)	increased level	IgG heavy chains		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Human	serum		17884841	These changes include increases in levels of core fucosylated, agalactosyl biantennary glycans (FA2) and sialyl Lewis x (SLe(x)).
sialyl Lewis x (SLe(x))	increased level	haptoglobin, alpha1-acid glycoprotein, and alpha1-antichymotrypsin		Acute-Phase Proteins|alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin				diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Human	serum		17884841	The acute-phase proteins, haptoglobin, alpha1-acid glycoprotein, and alpha1-antichymotrypsin from patients contained elevated levels of subsets of glycoforms containing SLe(x).
O-glycan	altered level	IgA		Immunoglobulin A|glycosylated IgA				response	IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA	tonsillectomy and intravenous corticosteroid	Humans	serum		23098908	Aberrant O-glycosylation in the hinge region of serum IgA is suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN), because the hypoglycosylation including N-acetylneuraminic acid or galactose has been reported in the mucin-type O-glycan of the hinge portion (HP) of IgA deposited in the IgAN patients' kidney.
GalNAc	increased ratio	IgA		Immunoglobulin A|glycosylated IgA				response	IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA	tonsillectomy and intravenous corticosteroid	Humans	serum		23098908	The GalNAc/HP ratio was increased in the patients who achieved remission after a combination therapy of tonsillectomy and intravenous corticosteroid, suggesting any non-innate factors to affect the IgA O-glycosylation in IgAN that is thought to be inherently determined.
non-natural sialyl TF-beta O-glycan	acquisition of structure	MUC1 glycopeptide		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					Neoplasm	Antigens, Neoplasm		Human		Humans	17031043	A MUC1 type of glycopeptide was synthesized by the 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) protocol using benzyl and benzylidene-protected beta-D-Gal-(1-->3)-beta-D-GalNAc-Ser/Thr (TF-beta: a stereoisomer of the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen).
	altered level							response	cancer	Neoplasms	ginsenoside Rg3 in a beta-cyclodextrin-based formulation	rats	urine		18465884	The administration of a single, high dose of Rg3 in a beta-cyclodextrin-based formulation led to a considerable change of the metabolic pattern in cancer rats during 3 days studied.
high-mannose N-glycan [-(N-acetylglucosamine)2-(mannose)5-8]	unaltered level	CD2		CD2 Antigens								Humans			7544493	The solution structure of a fragment of CD2 containing the covalently bound high-mannose N-glycan [-(N-acetylglucosamine)2-(mannose)5-8] was solved by nuclear magnetic resonance.
high-mannose N-linked glycans	altered level							diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	serum		19126968	Significant changes in some high-mannose and fucosylated biantennary complex N-linked glycans were observed in the serum of prostate cancer patients.
fucosylated biantennary complex N-linked glycans	altered level							diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	serum		19126968	Significant changes in some high-mannose and fucosylated biantennary complex N-linked glycans were observed in the serum of prostate cancer patients.
type-2 oligosaccharides	increased ratio								colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	colorectal cancer cells	Colorectal Neoplasms	19292502	Three specific alterations were observed in malignant transformation; increased ratios of type-2 oligosaccharides, increased alpha2-3 and/or alpha2-6 sialylation and increased alpha1-2 fucosylation.
alpha2-3 and/or alpha2-6 sialylation	increased level								colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	colorectal cancer cells	Colorectal Neoplasms	19292502	Three specific alterations were observed in malignant transformation; increased ratios of type-2 oligosaccharides, increased alpha2-3 and/or alpha2-6 sialylation and increased alpha1-2 fucosylation.
alpha1-2 fucosylation	increased level								colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	colorectal cancer cells	Colorectal Neoplasms	19292502	Three specific alterations were observed in malignant transformation; increased ratios of type-2 oligosaccharides, increased alpha2-3 and/or alpha2-6 sialylation and increased alpha1-2 fucosylation.
type-2 oligosaccharides	increased ratio								hepatic metastasis	Neoplasm Metastasis		Humans	colorectal cancer cells	Colorectal Neoplasms	19292502	One is a shift from type-1 dominant normal colorectal epithelial cells to type-2 dominant colorectal cancer cells.
alpha2-3 sialylation	increased level								high serum levels of CA19-9			Humans	colorectal cancer cells	Colorectal Neoplasms	19292502	The other is specific elevation of alpha2-3 sialylation observed in 2 cases exhibiting high serum levels of CA19-9.
Globo H	unaltered level			Globo-H					Tumor-Associated	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					15960539	The nonreducing tetrasaccharide terminus of Globo H has been assembled in good yield and excellent stereocontrol exclusively by using mild and moisture stable agents such as Yb(OTf)(3) and acid washed molecular sieves for the activation of glycosyltrifluoroacetimidate donors in the glycosylation steps.
Serum glycan	unaltered level							prognostic	advanced hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular	sorafenib	Humans	serum		23729393	Serum glycan as a prognostic marker in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sorafenib.
bisecting N-acetylglucosamine	increased level	serum proteins		Blood Proteins				diagnostic|prognostic	cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		human	serum		16339757	Furthermore, we have analyzed the N-glycans and showed the increase in bisecting N-acetylglucosamine residue, core fucosylation, and the presence of an important population of neutral oligosaccharides.
core fucosylation	increased level	serum proteins		Blood Proteins				diagnostic|prognostic	cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		human	serum		16339757	Furthermore, we have analyzed the N-glycans and showed the increase in bisecting N-acetylglucosamine residue, core fucosylation, and the presence of an important population of neutral oligosaccharides.
LewisX epitope	altered level	synaptic plasma membrane glycoproteins		Membrane Glycoproteins					nervous system function			chicken	synaptic plasma membrane	Synaptic Membranes	16244702	In addition to oligomannose-type glycans, core-fucosylated complex glycans with biantennary bisecting glycans carrying the LewisX epitope were most abundant.
glycosylation modifications	undetermined							diagnostic	disease states						21265797	Glycosylation modifications have been reported in a number of disease states and, as a result, there is significant focus on the discovery and development of glycan-based biomarkers.
alpha1,6-fucosylation	altered level	serum glycoproteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	lung adenocarcinoma			Humans	serum	Blood Proteins	17705522	Through this systematic analysis for five serum samples derived from patients with lung adenocarcinoma, we identified as candidate biomarkers 34 serum glycoproteins that revealed significant difference in alpha1,6-fucosylation level between lung cancer and healthy control, clearly demonstrating that the carbohydrate-focused proteomics could allow for the detection of serum components with cancer-specific features.
Core 1 (beta-Gal(1-3) alpha-GalNAc-O-Ser/Thr)	altered level	porcine salivary gland mucin		Mucins|Salivary Proteins and Peptides	Core 1 transferase (UDP-galactose:glycoprotein-alpha-GalNAc beta3-galactosyltransferase)		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases|N-acetylgalactosamine-mucin alpha-N-1,3-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase					Swine	salivary gland	Salivary Proteins and Peptides	15065856	Toward understanding such behavior, an analysis of the in vivo Core 1 (beta-Gal(1-3) alpha-GalNAc-O-Ser/Thr) site-specific glycosylation pattern of the porcine salivary gland mucin 81 residue tandem repeat has been undertaken.
N-linked glycan	altered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	seminal plasma	Semen	19128049	Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) are glycoproteins secreted by prostate epithelial cells, and have a long clinical history of use as serum biomarkers of prostate cancers.
N-linked glycan	altered level	prostatic acid phosphatase		Acid Phosphatase|prostatic acid phosphatase				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	seminal plasma	Semen	19128049	Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) are glycoproteins secreted by prostate epithelial cells, and have a long clinical history of use as serum biomarkers of prostate cancers.
sialylation	decreased level	DEFB126		DEFB126 protein, human|beta-Defensins				diagnostic	male subfertility	Infertility, Male		human	sperm	Spermatozoa	26832966	DEFB126 was reported to contribute to the sialylation on sperm surface and its homozygous mutation was related to male subfertility.
sialyl-Lewis X	acquisition of structure	glycoprotein gC-1		glycoprotein gC, herpes simplex virus type 1	Fucosyltransferases		Fucosyltransferases		herpes simplex virus type 1 infection	Herpesvirus 1, Human		Humans	human diploid fibroblasts	Fibroblasts	23030500	Several herpesviruses induce expression of the selectin receptor sialyl-Lewis X (sLe(x) ) by activating transcription of one or more of silent host FUT genes, each one encoding a fucosyltransferase that catalyses the rate-limiting step of sLe(x) synthesis.
S-linked glycans	undetermined	MUC1		Mucin-1											23882465	The utility of the method was demonstrated with the solid phase synthesis of a MUC1 fragment (20 mer) containing two glycosylation sites that were substituted with S-linked glycans.
Lewis(X) antigen	undetermined														14535707	An (1)H NMR study has shown that the C(3)-symmetric glycoconjugates soluble in water provide useful probes to investigate the Ca(2+)-dependent Lewis(X)-Lewis(X) association.
N-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	CD2		CD2 Antigens								Human	CD2 adhesion domain	CD2 Antigens	22946557	Our study revealed that N-glycosylation of HsCD2ad at the type I β-bulge turn strengthens the relevant hydrogen bonds, in particular, the hydrogen bond between Asn(65)OD1-Thr(67)HG1.
TIMP-1 glycans	altered level	TIMP-1		Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		18206988	Glycoprofiles were obtained from plasma TIMP-1 of five healthy donors and five colorectal cancer (CRC) patients showing increased amounts of TIMP-1.
TIMP-1 glycans	altered level	TIMP-1		Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1				diagnostic	colon cancer			Humans	cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	18206988	Furthermore, the TIMP-1 glycoprofiles of media from two colon cancer cell lines (CCC) and a prostate cancer cell line were determined as disease references.
biantennary and hybrid N-linked structures	unaltered level							diagnostic	development			mouse	embryonic stem cells	Embryonic Stem Cells	19545112	This procedure allowed the isolation of glycopeptides that express biantennary and hybrid N-linked structures (ConA2 fraction) as well as high mannose glycans (ConA3 fraction) that were abundant in both ES and EB stages.
high mannose glycans	unaltered level							diagnostic	development			mouse	embryonic stem cells	Embryonic Stem Cells	19545112	This procedure allowed the isolation of glycopeptides that express biantennary and hybrid N-linked structures (ConA2 fraction) as well as high mannose glycans (ConA3 fraction) that were abundant in both ES and EB stages.
high mannose N-glycan	unaltered level	CD2		CD2 Antigens					T-lymphocyte adhesion			Human	T-lymphocytes		8105887	All CD2 adhesion functions are localized within the amino-terminal 105-residue domain, which contains a single high mannose N-glycan required for maintaining both the conformational stability and CD58 binding properties of the glycoprotein.
N-linked oligosaccharides	altered level	CD59|CD5|CD2|CD48|CD4|Thy-1		Antigens, CD|Antigens, Differentiation|CD2 Antigens|CD48 Antigen|CD4 Antigens|Thy-1 Antigens								Chinese hamster	Chinese hamster ovary cell line	CHO Cells	10207177	Recombinant soluble forms of six leukocyte antigens belonging to the Ly-6 (CD59), scavenger receptor (CD5), and immunoglobulin (CD2, CD48, CD4, and Thy-1) superfamilies were expressed in the same Chinese hamster ovary cell line, thus providing an opportunity to examine the extent to which N-linked oligosaccharide processing might vary in a superfamily-, domain-, or protein-dependent manner in a given cell.
Siaα2,6Gal	increased level	extracellular vesicles						diagnostic	male health			human	seminal plasma	Semen	27639309	Siaα2,6Gal and N-glycans were concentrated on EVs, whereas Siaα2,3Gal, T and Tn antigens were selectively associated with distinct glycospecies of ASG/mucins.
N-glycans	increased level	extracellular vesicles						diagnostic	male health			human	seminal plasma	Semen	27639309	Siaα2,6Gal and N-glycans were concentrated on EVs, whereas Siaα2,3Gal, T and Tn antigens were selectively associated with distinct glycospecies of ASG/mucins.
Siaα2,3Gal	increased level	acid-soluble glycoproteins/mucins		Glycoproteins|Mucins				diagnostic	male health			human	seminal plasma	Semen	27639309	Siaα2,6Gal and N-glycans were concentrated on EVs, whereas Siaα2,3Gal, T and Tn antigens were selectively associated with distinct glycospecies of ASG/mucins.
T antigen	increased level	acid-soluble glycoproteins/mucins		Glycoproteins|Mucins				diagnostic	male health			human	seminal plasma	Semen	27639309	Siaα2,6Gal and N-glycans were concentrated on EVs, whereas Siaα2,3Gal, T and Tn antigens were selectively associated with distinct glycospecies of ASG/mucins.
Tn antigen	increased level	acid-soluble glycoproteins/mucins		Glycoproteins|Mucins				diagnostic	male health			human	seminal plasma	Semen	27639309	Siaα2,6Gal and N-glycans were concentrated on EVs, whereas Siaα2,3Gal, T and Tn antigens were selectively associated with distinct glycospecies of ASG/mucins.
undergalactosylated biantennary glycans	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|monitoring	chronic hepatitis C			Humans	serum		19181623	Finally using affinity chromatography we depleted sera of immunoglobulin G, and this resulted in a complete removal of the undergalactosylated biantennary glycans from the N-glycome, which are partially determining GlycoFibroTest.
N-linked glycans	altered level							diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	blood serum		20491449	Optimized LC gradients, together with nanospray MS, have been applied here in the quantitative measurements of N-linked glycans in blood serum, distinguishing breast cancer patients from control individuals.
N-glycan	altered level	Recombinant Proteins		Recombinant Proteins											11681448	The present study describes an alternative to the widely used HPLC approaches for profiling the N-glycan heterogeneity of proteins.
sialyl Le(x) epitope	acquisition of structure											mice	brain	Brain Chemistry	17341505	The high sensitivity of this glycomic screening method allowed us to directly characterize the sialyl Le(x) epitope from mouse brain for the first time, where it was observed on an O-mannose structure.
N-linked glycans	loss of structure	invariant chain		invariant chain							tunicamycin treatment	Chlorocebus aethiops|Mice	Cells, Cultured	Cells, Cultured	7500048	To examine this issue, we have directly explored the binding of calnexin to both Ii truncation mutants lacking the typical sites of N-glycosylation or Ii produced in cells treated with tunicamycin to prevent glycan addition.
N-linked carbohydrates	loss of structure	invariant chain		invariant chain							tunicamycin treatment	Chlorocebus aethiops|Mice	Cells, Cultured	Cells, Cultured	7500048	These experiments revealed that either method of eliminating N-linked carbohydrates on Ii also inhibited association with calnexin.
glycoforms of fetuin	undetermined	fetuin		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	disease	Biomarkers			clinical samples		18718447	Glycans have great potential as disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
N-glycosylation	altered level	immunoglobulin G1		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	autoimmune disease			human		Humans	30101988	In this short communication we only intended to show the effect of simulated space radiation on the conserved N-glycosylation of IgG1 molecules with the goal to understand if they could be utilized as disease biomarkers during longer space missions, similar to that as they are currently used here on Earth, e.g. for autoimmune disease or aging markers.
N-glycosylation	altered level	immunoglobulin G1		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	aging			human		Humans	30101988	In this short communication we only intended to show the effect of simulated space radiation on the conserved N-glycosylation of IgG1 molecules with the goal to understand if they could be utilized as disease biomarkers during longer space missions, similar to that as they are currently used here on Earth, e.g. for autoimmune disease or aging markers.
KH-1 Antigen	acquisition of structure								cancer						29185761	A robust, convergent, and efficient strategy was developed for the synthesis of the nonasaccharide cancer antigen KH-1.
glycans	undetermined	CD3delta		CD3 Complex					T cell receptor signaling			murine	T cell	Animals	15557001	Glycosylation sites in CD3delta are arranged such that the glycans may point away from the membrane, consistent with a model of TCR assembly that allows the CD3delta chain to be in close contact with the TCR alpha-chain.
	undetermined								disease-related solutions						20863316	The development of glycoanalytical HPLC-based high-throughput technology has greatly enhanced the study of glycobiology, facilitating the discovery of disease-related solutions and providing an informative view of glycosylation and its relationship with other biological disciplines in a systems biology approach.
N-linked glycan	altered level								metastatic brain tumor			mouse	brain tumor cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	18256178	Using astrocyte cell controls, we compared N-linked glycosylation from a nonmetastatic brain tumor cell line and two different metastatic brain tumor cells.
N-linked glycan	altered level								nonmetastatic brain tumor			mouse	brain tumor cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	18256178	Using astrocyte cell controls, we compared N-linked glycosylation from a nonmetastatic brain tumor cell line and two different metastatic brain tumor cells.
glycosylation	altered level							diagnostic	Breast Cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	Saliva	Humans|Saliva	29397367	Can We Find Breast Cancer via Salivary Fluid Glycosylation Analyses?
Le(a)Le(x) tumor-associated hexasaccharide antigen	undetermined								tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					23009725	We report the convergent synthesis of two novel tetrasaccharide and two novel pentasaccharide fragments of the Le(a)Le(x) TACA: the tetrasaccharides contain neither the galactose at the Le(a) nonreducing end nor the fucose at the Le(x) reducing end; the pentasaccharides only lack the galactose residue at the Le(a) nonreducing end.
sialylated N-glycans	decreased level	gamma-globulins		gamma-Globulins					chronic liver disease	Liver Diseases		Humans	serum		19621379	Immunoglobulins are significantly more sialylated in the healthy reference group compared with the patients (p<0.001).
sialyl-Tn	increased level	MUC1			ST6GalNAc I		CMP-N-acetylneuraminate-alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminide alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase	prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	T47-D cells	Humans|Cell Line, Tumor	15770530	Sialyl-Tn is a carbohydrate antigen overexpressed in several epithelial cancers including breast cancer, and usually associated with poor prognosis.
GlcNAc(2)Man(7)	unaltered level	HIV-1 gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	HEK293 Cells	HEK293 Cells	25546301	The glycan at position Asn262 had the most extensive and well-ordered electron density, and a GlcNAc(2)Man(7) was modeled.
O-glycans	altered level	fibrinogen		Fibrinogen								mammalian	B beta and gamma chains		8950778	The conclusion of the present study is that many mammalian fibrinogens contain complex O-glycans on B beta and gamma chains.
sialylated T-antigens	acquisition of structure	fibrinogen		Fibrinogen								mammalian	A alpha chains		8950778	In addition, the combined use of the biotinylated K99 lectin and the Peanut agglutinin demonstrated the presence of sialylated T-antigens on the A alpha chains of all the fibrinogens examined.
sialyl Lewis X	undetermined			Sialyl Lewis X Antigen											9571794	A convenient synthesis of the sialyl Lewis X (sLe(x)) tetrasaccharide, NeuAc alpha 2-3Gal beta 1-4(Fuc alpha 1-3)GlcNAc (8), as a carbohydrate ligand for selectins is described.
Fructosamine	increased level							monitoring	diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus		Humans		Humans	11474833	Fructosamine monitoring in patients with diabetes: is there a need?
N-glycans	loss of structure	Membrane Cofactor Protein		Membrane Cofactor Protein					measles	Measles virus		Chlorocebus aethiops	Vero cells	Vero Cells	7618283	Here we show that MCP lacking all N-glycans was detectable on the surface of Vero cells, although in a reduced amount.
N-glycans	acquisition of structure	Membrane Cofactor Protein		Membrane Cofactor Protein					measles	Measles virus		Chlorocebus aethiops	Vero cells	Vero Cells	7618283	In the presence of DMJ, a mannosidase I inhibitor, MCP is synthesized with N-glycans of the high-mannose type in contrast to the complex oligosaccharides present on MCP of untreated cells.
complex-type N-linked glycans	unaltered level	CD34		Antigens, CD34					hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen	Hematopoietic Stem Cells		human	hemopoietic progenitor cells	Hematopoietic Stem Cells	2462139	Lectin binding studies, sensitivity to certain glycosidases, and gel filtration analysis of glycans released by alkaline hydrolysis indicate that this glycoprotein contains several complex-type N-linked glycans as well as several highly sialylated O-linked glycans.
highly sialylated O-linked glycans	unaltered level	CD34		Antigens, CD34					hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen	Hematopoietic Stem Cells		human	hemopoietic progenitor cells	Hematopoietic Stem Cells	2462139	Lectin binding studies, sensitivity to certain glycosidases, and gel filtration analysis of glycans released by alkaline hydrolysis indicate that this glycoprotein contains several complex-type N-linked glycans as well as several highly sialylated O-linked glycans.
phosphatidylinositol-linked glycoprotein	undetermined	T-cell-activating protein (TAP)		Glycoproteins					T cell activation				T cells		2876780	Here we characterize the T-cell-activating protein (TAP), an Ly-6 gene product involved in T cell activation, as a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 10-12 kd under nonreducing conditions and 15-18 kd under reducing ones.
Globo-H	undetermined			Globo-H					tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					17658849	Two efficient routes for the rapid assembly of the tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen Globo-H hexasaccharide 2 by a preactivation based iterative one-pot strategy are reported.
	undetermined							diagnostic	Graft Failure				Serum		33560722	Serum Glycomics, a Novel Biomarker That Opens Doors to a Better Understanding of Graft Failure.
glycated albumin	undetermined	Serum Albumin		Serum Albumin								Humans		Humans	1959710	Caution: interpretation of results of HPLC assay for serum glycated albumin.
Lewis A	undetermined														18801477	We describe here the synthesis of the allyl Le(a) trisaccharide antigen as well as that of an analogue of the Le(x) trisaccharide antigen, in which the galactose residue has been replaced by a glucose unit.
Lewis X	undetermined														18801477	We describe here the synthesis of the allyl Le(a) trisaccharide antigen as well as that of an analogue of the Le(x) trisaccharide antigen, in which the galactose residue has been replaced by a glucose unit.
GalNAc	unaltered level								TN-antigen	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					15827626	in this first report on such functionalized foldamers we utilized a beta-peptide as backbone and a GalNAc carbohydrate residue as ligand.
DF3 epitope	unaltered level	DF3 protein		Antigens, Neoplasm					breast carcinoma			human	BT-20 cells|MCF-7 cells		2470498	The monoclonal antibody (MAb) DF3 reacts with a high molecular weight glycoprotein detectable in human breast carcinomas and human milk.
	undetermined														15540216	The focus of the conference was functional proteomics with an emphasis on possible clinical application.
Con-A non reactive fraction	decreased level	alpha 1-antichymotrypsin		alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin				diagnostic|monitoring	sepsis		antibiotics	Humans	serum		8685120	Crossed immunoaffinoelectrophoresis showed a decreased formation of the Con-A non reactive fraction which disappeared rapidly after initiating antibiotics.
	undetermined							diagnostic	cancer						20945586	Promise and pitfalls of the cancer biomarker search.
sialyl Lewis X	increased level	α-1-acid glycoprotein							pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		21137062	Increased levels of sialyl Lewis X (SLe(x) ) were detected on AGP in advanced PaC and CP and on HPT, FET, AT and TRF in CP.
sialyl Lewis X	increased level	haptoglobin|fetuin|α-1-antitrypsin|transferrin							chronic pancreatitis	Pancreatitis, Chronic		Humans	serum		21137062	Increased levels of sialyl Lewis X (SLe(x) ) were detected on AGP in advanced PaC and CP and on HPT, FET, AT and TRF in CP.
N-glycan branching	increased level	α-1-acid glycoprotein|haptoglobin							pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		21137062	An increase in N-glycan branching was detected on AGP and HPT in the advanced stage of PaC and CP and on FET and TRF in the CP.
N-glycan branching	increased level	fetuin|transferrin							chronic pancreatitis	Pancreatitis, Chronic		Humans	serum		21137062	An increase in N-glycan branching was detected on AGP and HPT in the advanced stage of PaC and CP and on FET and TRF in the CP.
core fucosylated structure	increased level	α-1-acid glycoprotein|haptoglobin							pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		21137062	A core fucosylated structure was increased on AGP and HPT only in the advanced PaC patients.
sialyl-Tn antigen	undetermined														17466287	The conformational behavior of two C-glycosyl analogues of the sialyl-Tn antigen has been determined by a combination of NMR methods and molecular mechanics calculations.
fucosylated N-linked glycans	increased level							diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	Saliva	Saliva	29865036	Among these, six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans exhibited significantly increased expression levels in GC, while five fucosylated N-linked glycans and ten fucosylated O-linked glycans exhibited significantly decreased expression levels in GC.
fucosylated O-linked glycans	increased level							diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	Saliva	Saliva	29865036	Among these, six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans exhibited significantly increased expression levels in GC, while five fucosylated N-linked glycans and ten fucosylated O-linked glycans exhibited significantly decreased expression levels in GC.
fucosylated N-linked glycans	decreased level							diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	Saliva	Saliva	29865036	Among these, six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans exhibited significantly increased expression levels in GC, while five fucosylated N-linked glycans and ten fucosylated O-linked glycans exhibited significantly decreased expression levels in GC.
fucosylated O-linked glycans	decreased level							diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	Saliva	Saliva	29865036	Among these, six fucosylated N-linked glycansand four O-linked glycans exhibited significantly increased expression levels in GC, while five fucosylated N-linked glycans and ten fucosylated O-linked glycans exhibited significantly decreased expression levels in GC.
high mannose glycans	increased level	Thy-1 antigen		Thy-1 Antigens					abnormal homing properties		monensin	Mice	BL/VL3 murine T lymphoma cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	1349514	There were less complex and more high mannose glycans, as a consequence of a reduction of terminal glycosylation (sialylation, fucosylation or incorporation of N-acetyl-glucosamine).
complex glycans	decreased level	Thy-1 antigen		Thy-1 Antigens					abnormal homing properties		monensin	Mice	BL/VL3 murine T lymphoma cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	1349514	There were less complex and more high mannose glycans, as a consequence of a reduction of terminal glycosylation (sialylation, fucosylation or incorporation of N-acetyl-glucosamine).
nonsialylated N-glycans	acquisition of structure	Carcinoembryonic Antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen				diagnostic	colorectal carcinoma			Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	12136951	Lec2 cells should produce CEA with nonsialylated N-glycans, while Lec8 cells should yield more truncated sugar structures than Lec2.
truncated sugar structures	acquisition of structure	Carcinoembryonic Antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen				diagnostic	colorectal carcinoma			Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	12136951	Lec2 cells should produce CEA with nonsialylated N-glycans, while Lec8 cells should yield more truncated sugar structures than Lec2.
FA2B	altered level	immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	aging	Aging		Humans			24325898	Several IgG glycans (including FA2B, FA2G2, and FA2BG2) changed considerably with age and the combination of these three glycans can explain up to 58% of variance in chronological age, significantly more than other markers of biological age like telomere lengths.
FA2G2	altered level	immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	aging	Aging		Humans			24325898	Several IgG glycans (including FA2B, FA2G2, and FA2BG2) changed considerably with age and the combination of these three glycans can explain up to 58% of variance in chronological age, significantly more than other markers of biological age like telomere lengths.
FA2BG2	altered level	immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	aging	Aging		Humans			24325898	Several IgG glycans (including FA2B, FA2G2, and FA2BG2) changed considerably with age and the combination of these three glycans can explain up to 58% of variance in chronological age, significantly more than other markers of biological age like telomere lengths.
triantennary structures carrying a Lewis(x) epitope	increased level							diagnostic	cancer			human	serum	Serum	25234305	In most forms of cancer, findings using CE-LIF were limited to the increase of triantennary structures carrying a Lewis(x) epitope.
diantennary structures	decreased level							diagnostic	primary epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial|Ovarian Neoplasms		human	serum	Serum	25234305	Reduced levels of diantennary structures and of high-mannose 5 were statistically significant in the EOC samples, and also, elevated branching as well as increased antennary fucosylation were observed.
high-mannose 5	decreased level							diagnostic	primary epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial|Ovarian Neoplasms		human	serum	Serum	25234305	Reduced levels of diantennary structures and of high-mannose 5 were statistically significant in the EOC samples, and also, elevated branching as well as increased antennary fucosylation were observed.
antennae fucosylation	increased level							diagnostic	primary epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial|Ovarian Neoplasms		human	serum	Serum	25234305	Reduced levels of diantennary structures and of high-mannose 5 were statistically significant in the EOC samples, and also, elevated branching as well as increased antennary fucosylation were observed.
core-fucosylated tetraantennary N-glycans	increased level							diagnostic	primary epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial|Ovarian Neoplasms		human	serum	Serum	25234305	For the first time, we could demonstrate that not only antennary fucosylation was of relevance in tetraantennary structures but also core-fucosylated tetraantennary N-glycans were statistically increased in EOC patients.
O-glycans	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1									CHO cell lines	CHO Cells	19095697	We found that the average site occupancy was higher in MUC1 from Lec3.2.8.1 than from ldlD and that the occupancy increased with the number of tandem repeats in the protein and also depended on the culture conditions used for production.
α-2,3-linked sialic acid	altered level							diagnostic	Colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	serum		31730330	Finally, this method was applied in profiling the N-glycome of serum from CRC patients, where a level of six sialyl-linkage isomers were found to be altered significantly compared with that from healthy individuals.
α-2,6-linked sialic acid	altered level							diagnostic	Colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	serum		31730330	Finally, this method was applied in profiling the N-glycome of serum from CRC patients, where a level of six sialyl-linkage isomers were found to be altered significantly compared with that from healthy individuals.
core fucosylation	increased level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				risk	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		36541409	The glycosylation patterns of AFP have been shown to differentiate these conditions, with AFP glycoforms with core fucosylation (AFP-L3) serving as a malignancy risk predictor for HCC.
core fucosylation	unaltered level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins					liver cirrhosis			Humans	serum		36541409	Elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) can be observed in liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
advanced glycation end product (AGE)-modified proteins	undetermined								diabetic vasculopathy				endothelial cells	Endothelial Cells	18367870	Our most recent work shows that long-lived advanced glycation end product (AGE)-modified proteins induce (1) lysosomal permeabilization leading to the inefficiency of autophagy due to the reduced digestion (early) and non-fusion (later) of lysosomes with phagosomes--a frustrated autophagy; and (2) accumulation of lipid mediators, such as ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate, known to be involved in autophagic cell death.
Glycosylation	altered level							diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	gastric cancer spheroids|normal gastric spheroids	Spheroids, Cellular|Spheroids, Cellular	27611679	We were able to identify 8 chemical shift biomarkers for gastric cancer spheroids.
complex, asparagine-linked saccharide units	increased level	Cc		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	malignancies				serum	Body Fluids	2854004	The isolation from cancer patient serum of a glycoprotein (Cc) associated with the presence of a variety of malignancies was previously reported.
Sialyl Lewis X	increased level							diagnostic	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		Humans	serum		21214223	Increases were detected in glycans containing Sialyl Lewis X, monoantennary glycans, highly sialylated glycans and decreases were observed in core-fucosylated biantennary glycans, with some being detectable as early as in Stage I.
monoantennary glycans	increased level							diagnostic	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		Humans	serum		21214223	Increases were detected in glycans containing Sialyl Lewis X, monoantennary glycans, highly sialylated glycans and decreases were observed in core-fucosylated biantennary glycans, with some being detectable as early as in Stage I.
highly sialylated glycans	increased level							diagnostic	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		Humans	serum		21214223	Increases were detected in glycans containing Sialyl Lewis X, monoantennary glycans, highly sialylated glycans and decreases were observed in core-fucosylated biantennary glycans, with some being detectable as early as in Stage I.
core-fucosylated biantennary glycans	decreased level							diagnostic	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		Humans	serum		21214223	Increases were detected in glycans containing Sialyl Lewis X, monoantennary glycans, highly sialylated glycans and decreases were observed in core-fucosylated biantennary glycans, with some being detectable as early as in Stage I.
disialylated glycans	increased level							diagnostic	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		Humans	serum		21214223	The most significantly altered HILIC peak in lung cancer samples includes predominantly disialylated and tri- and tetra-antennary glycans.
tri-antennary glycans	increased level							diagnostic	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		Humans	serum		21214223	The most significantly altered HILIC peak in lung cancer samples includes predominantly disialylated and tri- and tetra-antennary glycans.
tetra-antennary glycans	increased level							diagnostic	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		Humans	serum		21214223	The most significantly altered HILIC peak in lung cancer samples includes predominantly disialylated and tri- and tetra-antennary glycans.
salivary glycopatterns	altered level							diagnostic	early-stage breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	saliva	Saliva	29402727	We systematically investigated and assessed the alterations of salivary glycopatterns and possibility as biomarkers for diagnosis of early-stage breast cancer.
tri-sialylated complex-type N-glycans	altered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	urine		33618028	In regard to glycosylation, tri-, di-, mono- and non-sialylated complex-type N-glycans were found on non-cleaved PSA, as well as the non-glycosylated variant.
di-sialylated complex-type N-glycans	altered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	urine		33618028	In regard to glycosylation, tri-, di-, mono- and non-sialylated complex-type N-glycans were found on non-cleaved PSA, as well as the non-glycosylated variant.
mono-sialylated complex-type N-glycans	altered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	urine		33618028	In regard to glycosylation, tri-, di-, mono- and non-sialylated complex-type N-glycans were found on non-cleaved PSA, as well as the non-glycosylated variant.
non-sialylated complex-type N-glycans	altered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	urine		33618028	In regard to glycosylation, tri-, di-, mono- and non-sialylated complex-type N-glycans were found on non-cleaved PSA, as well as the non-glycosylated variant.
glycosylation	unaltered level	CD2		Antigens, CD|CD2 Antigens								rat	CD2-transfected COS-7 cells		8099016	These results show that rat CD48 binds CD2 on its NH2-terminal IgSF domain with a low affinity and that binding is independent of glycosylation.
Man8	decreased level	CTLA4-Fc-fusion protein		CTLA-4 Antigen|CTLA4 protein, human|Recombinant Fusion Proteins								Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	28186328	Glucose deprivation caused a reduction in the Man8 and Man9 glycans in favor of Man5 glycans and bi-antennary-fucosylated GlcNAc-terminated residues in the organellar pool of the Fc-fusion protein.
Man9	decreased level	CTLA4-Fc-fusion protein		CTLA-4 Antigen|CTLA4 protein, human|Recombinant Fusion Proteins								Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	28186328	Glucose deprivation caused a reduction in the Man8 and Man9 glycans in favor of Man5 glycans and bi-antennary-fucosylated GlcNAc-terminated residues in the organellar pool of the Fc-fusion protein.
Man5	increased level	CTLA4-Fc-fusion protein		CTLA-4 Antigen|CTLA4 protein, human|Recombinant Fusion Proteins								Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	28186328	Glucose deprivation caused a reduction in the Man8 and Man9 glycans in favor of Man5 glycans and bi-antennary-fucosylated GlcNAc-terminated residues in the organellar pool of the Fc-fusion protein.
bi-antennary-fucosylated GlcNAc-terminated residues	increased level	CTLA4-Fc-fusion protein		CTLA-4 Antigen|CTLA4 protein, human|Recombinant Fusion Proteins								Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	28186328	Glucose deprivation caused a reduction in the Man8 and Man9 glycans in favor of Man5 glycans and bi-antennary-fucosylated GlcNAc-terminated residues in the organellar pool of the Fc-fusion protein.
Lewis x antigen	acquisition of structure	glycoprotein		Glycoproteins	fucosyltransferase		Glycosyltransferases		autoimmune diseases			Escherichia coli	bacterial protein	Bacterial Proteins	21878645	Proteins carrying Lewis antigens have been shown to have potential applications for the treatment of diverse autoimmune diseases.
sialylated glycan	altered level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	cancer tissue-originated spheroids	Spheroids, Cellular	32066783	PSA from CTOS was mostly sialylated and the content of Wisteria floribunda agglutinin reactive glycan (LacdiNAc) was similar to that of PSA derived from seminal plasma and 22Rv1.
Wisteria floribunda agglutinin reactive glycan (LacdiNAc)	unaltered level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	cancer tissue-originated spheroids	Spheroids, Cellular	32066783	PSA from CTOS was mostly sialylated and the content of Wisteria floribunda agglutinin reactive glycan (LacdiNAc) was similar to that of PSA derived from seminal plasma and 22Rv1.
Concanavalin A (Con A)-unbound glycan	acquisition of structure	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	cancer tissue-originated spheroids	Spheroids, Cellular	32066783	Conversely, concanavalin A (Con A)-unbound PSA was definitely detected from the three cancer origins but was almost negligible in seminal PSA.
highly branched N-glycans	acquisition of structure	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	cancer tissue-originated spheroids	Spheroids, Cellular	32066783	Two novel types of PSA were elucidated in the Con A-unbound fraction: one is a high molecular weight PSA with highly branched N-glycans, and the other is a low molecular weight PSA without N-glycans.
Lewis X antigen	acquisition of structure	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	cancer tissue-originated spheroids	Spheroids, Cellular	32066783	Furthermore, the existence of Lewis X antigen group on PSA was indicated.
O-glycan cryptic epitope, gp(C1)	increased level							diagnostic	metastatic breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	Circulating tumor cells	Neoplastic Cells, Circulating	26657044	In blood samples from five stage IV metastatic breast cancer patients, the gp(C1) positive CTCs were detected in all subjects; ∼40% of bCTCs were strongly gp(C1) positive.
O-glycan cryptic epitope, gp(C1)	increased level							diagnostic	triple-negative breast cancer			Humans	Circulating tumor cells	Neoplastic Cells, Circulating	26657044	Interestingly, CTCs from a triple-negative breast cancer patient with multiple sites of metastasis were predominantly gp(C1) positive (92.5%, 37/40 CTCs).
N-linked glycan	acquisition of structure	CD2		CD2 Antigens					instability of deglycosylated human CD2			Human	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	7915183	The model provides an explanation for the observed instability of deglycosylated human CD2, and allows residues that are important for CD58 binding to be differentiated from those affecting conformational stability via interactions with the glycan.
Muc1-associated glycans	unaltered level	Muc1		Mucin-1					implantation failure			Cebus apella	endometrial and oviductal epithelium	Endometrium|Epithelium	11319162	The aim of this study was to characterize by lectin- and antibody-labeling the distribution of Muc1 and associated glycans on the endometrial and oviductal epithelium during the luteal phase of the cycle.
core-fucosylated bi-antennary monosialylated glycans	increased level	CA125		CA-125 Antigen				diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		23896595	These include increases in core-fucosylated bi-antennary monosialylated glycans, as well as decreases in mostly bisecting bi-antennary and non-fucosylated glycans in patients compared to controls.
bisecting bi-antennary glycans	decreased level	CA125		CA-125 Antigen				diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		23896595	These include increases in core-fucosylated bi-antennary monosialylated glycans, as well as decreases in mostly bisecting bi-antennary and non-fucosylated glycans in patients compared to controls.
non-fucosylated glycans	decreased level	CA125		CA-125 Antigen				diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		23896595	These include increases in core-fucosylated bi-antennary monosialylated glycans, as well as decreases in mostly bisecting bi-antennary and non-fucosylated glycans in patients compared to controls.
Oligosaccharides	undetermined														7652569	Glycobiology: more functions for oligosaccharides.
LPTQNITFQTESSVAEQEAEFQSPK HexNAc6, Hex3, Neu5Ac2	increased level	ITIH4						diagnostic	Narcolepsy Type 1	Narcolepsy		Human	Serum	Serum	38002271	The sialylated N-glycopeptide structures LPTQNITFQTESSVAEQEAEFQSPK HexNAc6, Hex3, Neu5Ac2 (derived from the ITIH4 protein) and the structure IVLDPSGSMNIYLVLDGSDSIGASNFTGAK HexNAc5, Hex4, Fuc1 (derived from the CFB protein), with p values of 0.008 and 0.01, respectively, were elevated in NT1 samples compared with controls.
IVLDPSGSMNIYLVLDGSDSIGASNFTGAK HexNAc5, Hex4, Fuc1	increased level	CFB						diagnostic	Narcolepsy Type 1	Narcolepsy		Human	Serum	Serum	38002271	The sialylated N-glycopeptide structures LPTQNITFQTESSVAEQEAEFQSPK HexNAc6, Hex3, Neu5Ac2 (derived from the ITIH4 protein) and the structure IVLDPSGSMNIYLVLDGSDSIGASNFTGAK HexNAc5, Hex4, Fuc1 (derived from the CFB protein), with p values of 0.008 and 0.01, respectively, were elevated in NT1 samples compared with controls.
Le(a)Le(x) tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen	undetermined								tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					25860389	We report the synthesis of a tetrasaccharide and two pentasaccharide fragments of the Le(a)Le(x) tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen α-L-Fuc-(1→4)-[β-D-Gal-(1→3)]-β-D-GlcNAc-(1→3)-β-D-Gal-(1→4)-[α-L-Fuc-(1→3)]-β-D-GlcNAc-(1→OR).
	undetermined														16375592	
L-galactosylated dimeric sialyl Lewis X	acquisition of structure				alpha-1,3-fucosyltransferase V		Fucosyltransferases					Humans			11058047	L-Galactosylated dimeric sialyl Lewis X (SLeX) has been prepared employing a combination of chemical and enzymatic synthetic methods.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	MUC1|MUC16		MUC1 protein, human|MUC16 protein, human	Core 1 enzyme chaperone COSMC		C1GALT1C1 protein, human	risk	breast cancer			human	breast cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	24039759	Tn (GalNAc-Ser/Thr), STn (NeuAcα2-6GalNAc-Ser/Thr), T (Galβ1-3GalNAc-Ser/Thr), and ST (NeuAcα2-6Galβ1-3GalNAc-Ser/Thr) antigens are recognized as cancer associated truncated glycans, and are expressed in many adenocarcinomas, e.g. breast- and pancreatic cancer cells.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	MUC1|MUC16		MUC1 protein, human|MUC16 protein, human	Core 1 enzyme chaperone COSMC		C1GALT1C1 protein, human	risk	pancreatic cancer			human	pancreatic cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	24039759	Tn (GalNAc-Ser/Thr), STn (NeuAcα2-6GalNAc-Ser/Thr), T (Galβ1-3GalNAc-Ser/Thr), and ST (NeuAcα2-6Galβ1-3GalNAc-Ser/Thr) antigens are recognized as cancer associated truncated glycans, and are expressed in many adenocarcinomas, e.g. breast- and pancreatic cancer cells.
STn antigen	acquisition of structure	MUC1|MUC16		MUC1 protein, human|MUC16 protein, human	Core 1 enzyme chaperone COSMC		C1GALT1C1 protein, human	risk	breast cancer			human	breast cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	24039759	Tn (GalNAc-Ser/Thr), STn (NeuAcα2-6GalNAc-Ser/Thr), T (Galβ1-3GalNAc-Ser/Thr), and ST (NeuAcα2-6Galβ1-3GalNAc-Ser/Thr) antigens are recognized as cancer associated truncated glycans, and are expressed in many adenocarcinomas, e.g. breast- and pancreatic cancer cells.
STn antigen	acquisition of structure	MUC1|MUC16		MUC1 protein, human|MUC16 protein, human	Core 1 enzyme chaperone COSMC		C1GALT1C1 protein, human	risk	pancreatic cancer			human	pancreatic cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	24039759	Tn (GalNAc-Ser/Thr), STn (NeuAcα2-6GalNAc-Ser/Thr), T (Galβ1-3GalNAc-Ser/Thr), and ST (NeuAcα2-6Galβ1-3GalNAc-Ser/Thr) antigens are recognized as cancer associated truncated glycans, and are expressed in many adenocarcinomas, e.g. breast- and pancreatic cancer cells.
glycan shield	altered level	HIV gp120/gp41 envelope (Env) trimer		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus					HIV		HIV vaccine design	Human	HIV gp120/gp41 envelope (Env) trimer	HIV Envelope Protein gp120|env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus	28667249	To better understand the conformational properties of the glycan shield covering the surface of the HIV gp120/gp41 envelope (Env) trimer, and how the glycan shield impacts the accessibility of the underlying protein surface, we performed enhanced sampling molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of a model glycosylated HIV Env protein and related systems.
N-glycosylation	altered level							diagnostic	oral ulcer	Oral Ulcer		Human	saliva	Saliva	27763718	In this study, we establish an integrated workflow by the combination of stable isotope dimethyl labeling, HILIC enrichment, and high resolution MS for both quantification of the global proteome and N-glycoproteome of human saliva from oral ulcer patients.
N-glycans	loss of structure	SND1		SND1 protein, human				diagnostic	glioma	Glioma		human	glioma U87 cells		36213325	In addition, we found that removing the N-glycans on the Asn50 site destabilized SND1 and led to its endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation.
glycation	increased level	human serum albumin		Serum Albumin, Human				diagnostic	Type 2 diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		human	plasma		28155619	Six glycated peptides corresponding to different glycation sites of HSA were present in plasma samples obtained from T2DM patients at significantly higher levels than in non-diabetic men matched for age.
O-mannosyl glycans	altered level	α-dystroglycan		Dystroglycans					muscular dystrophy	Muscular Dystrophies					21265799	During the last 10 years it has become apparent that a significant subset of inherited muscular dystrophy is caused by errors in the glycosylation of α-dystroglycan.
O-mannosyl glycans	altered level	α-dystroglycan		Dystroglycans					abnormalities of the central nervous system						21265799	Many of these dystrophies are also associated with abnormalities of the central nervous system.
N-linked glycan moieties	unaltered level	T11 target structure		Glycoproteins				response	immune-compromised		immunotherapy	Mice	immune system		22257732	To investigate the role of glycan moieties in the current immunotherapeutic regime, T11TS and its deglycosylated form (dT11TS) were administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) in N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea-induced immune-compromised mice at 0.4 mg/kg body weight.
N-glycan	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				diagnostic	type 2 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2	HMG-CoA reductase-inhibitor	human	blood		34770808	Our results revealed that there were subtle differences between the N-glycan profiles of the diabetic and control samples; in particular, two N-glycan structures were identified as potential glycobiomarkers that could reveal significant changes between the untreated/treated type 2 diabetic and control samples.
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	ER stress	Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress	tunicamycin- or thapsigargin-induced	Humans	HeLa cell line	HeLa Cells	33983715	Glycoblotting-assisted mass spectrometric analysis of the HeLa cell line enabled quantitative determination of the changes in the structures of N-glycans and degraded free oligosaccharides (fOSs) in response to tunicamycin- or thapsigargin-induced ER stress.
high-mannose type N-glycans	increased ratio							diagnostic	ER stress	Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress	tunicamycin- or thapsigargin-induced	Humans	HeLa cell line	HeLa Cells	33983715	Changes in the total amount of glycans, increase in the ratio of high-mannose type N-glycans, increase in fOSs, and changes in the ratio of sialylated N-glycans in response to ER stress were shown to be potential descriptors of ER stress.
sialylated N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	ER stress	Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress	tunicamycin- or thapsigargin-induced	Humans	HeLa cell line	HeLa Cells	33983715	Changes in the total amount of glycans, increase in the ratio of high-mannose type N-glycans, increase in fOSs, and changes in the ratio of sialylated N-glycans in response to ER stress were shown to be potential descriptors of ER stress.
N-glycans	decreased level							diagnostic	ER stress	Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress	thapsigargin-induced	Humans	HeLa cell line	HeLa Cells	33983715	Additionally, drastic clearance of accumulated N-glycans was observed in thapsigargin-treated cells, which may suggest the observation of ER stress-mediated autophagy or ER-phagy in terms of glycomics.
B1 molecule	unaltered level	CD20		Antigens, CD20								Humans	B-lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes	2467190	Endoglycosidase digestion studies and metabolic labeling in the presence of tunicamycin indicated that neither the Mr 33,000 or 34,500-36,000 forms of B1 were glycosylated.
glycan moieties	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					cancers		antitumor vaccines		malignant cells		29045792	Particularly, mucin-1 (MUC1) glycoprotein presents an altered glycosylation in several cancers.
core 2-based O-glycans expressing sialyl Lewis x (SLe(x)) antigen	increased level	PSGL-1		P-selectin ligand protein					leukocyte trafficking			murine	WEHI-3 cell line	Cell Line	18310305	We report that PSGL-1 from WEHI-3 cells expresses a di-sialylated core 2 O-glycan containing the SLe(x) antigen.
N-glycosylation	altered level	Alpha-fetoprotein		AFP protein, human|alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	serum		32786443	However, AFP levels can often be high in benign liver diseases such as liver cirrhosis.
N-glycosylation	unaltered level	Alpha-fetoprotein		AFP protein, human|alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	liver cirrhosis			human	serum		32786443	However, AFP levels can often be high in benign liver diseases such as liver cirrhosis.
sialylation	increased level							diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms		human	plasma	Blood Proteins	23296540	As increases in sialylation and fucosylation are prominent among cancer-associated modifications, we focused on Sambucus nigra agglutinin and AAL, which bind sialic acid- and fucose-containing structures, respectively.
fucosylation	increased level							diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms		human	plasma	Blood Proteins	23296540	As increases in sialylation and fucosylation are prominent among cancer-associated modifications, we focused on Sambucus nigra agglutinin and AAL, which bind sialic acid- and fucose-containing structures, respectively.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	DR4|DR5		Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand|Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand	Cosmc		C1GALT1C1 protein, human	response	tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate	TRAIL treatment	Human	tumor cells	Cell Line, Tumor	32692906	Expression of Tn and STn in tumor cells attenuates their sensitivity to TRAIL treatment; when transfected with wild-type Cosmc, these tumor cells thus express normal extended O-glycans and become more sensitive to TRAIL treatment.
STn antigen	acquisition of structure	DR4|DR5		Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand|Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand	Cosmc		C1GALT1C1 protein, human	response	tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate	TRAIL treatment	Human	tumor cells	Cell Line, Tumor	32692906	Expression of Tn and STn in tumor cells attenuates their sensitivity to TRAIL treatment; when transfected with wild-type Cosmc, these tumor cells thus express normal extended O-glycans and become more sensitive to TRAIL treatment.
α1,3fucosylated AGP	increased level	α1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				prognostic|predictive|risk	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms	immunotherapy with anti-PD-1 antibody, nivolumab	Humans	serum		31601857	Recently, we demonstrated that glycan structures of serum α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) changed dramatically in cancer patients and that α1,3fucosylated AGP (fAGP) levels increased along with disease progression and decreased responding to chemotherapy treatments.
α1,3fucosylated AGP	decreased level	α1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				prognostic|predictive|risk	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms	immunotherapy with anti-PD-1 antibody, nivolumab	Humans	serum		31601857	Recently, we demonstrated that glycan structures of serum α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) changed dramatically in cancer patients and that α1,3fucosylated AGP (fAGP) levels increased along with disease progression and decreased responding to chemotherapy treatments.
glycopeptides	altered level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		29285644	Three glycopeptides exhibited exceptionally high control-to-cancer fold changes along with receiver operating characteristic curve areas of 1.0, indicating perfect discrimination between the two groups.
high-mannose-type glycans	decreased level							diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		24327722	Generally, decreased levels of high-mannose-type glycans, glycans with one complex type antenna, bigalactosylated biantennary glycans, and increased levels of nongalactosylated biantennary glycans were observed in gastric cancer cases.
glycans with one complex type antenna	decreased level							diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		24327722	Generally, decreased levels of high-mannose-type glycans, glycans with one complex type antenna, bigalactosylated biantennary glycans, and increased levels of nongalactosylated biantennary glycans were observed in gastric cancer cases.
bigalactosylated biantennary glycans	decreased level							diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		24327722	Generally, decreased levels of high-mannose-type glycans, glycans with one complex type antenna, bigalactosylated biantennary glycans, and increased levels of nongalactosylated biantennary glycans were observed in gastric cancer cases.
nongalactosylated biantennary glycans	increased level							diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		24327722	Generally, decreased levels of high-mannose-type glycans, glycans with one complex type antenna, bigalactosylated biantennary glycans, and increased levels of nongalactosylated biantennary glycans were observed in gastric cancer cases.
N-glycan	altered level			Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic	Breast Neoplasms	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	MCF-7/ADR cancer stem cells	MCF-7 Cells	32030495	With the criteria of ≥ 1.5-fold change and p value < 0.05, 72 cell-surface differentially expressed intact N-glycopeptides (DEGPs) were found in MCF-7/ADR CSCs relative to MCF-7/ADR cells, where 8 and 64 were downregulated and upregulated, respectively.
mucin-type glycans	loss of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1				response	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms	deglycosylation	Humans	gastric tissues	Stomach Neoplasms	9605944	This frequent expression of MUC1 protein in cancer tissues after periodic acid treatment suggested that deglycosylation may be of use for exposing the target antigen of anti-MUC1 CTLs.
α2,3-linked sialic acid	increased level	clusterin		CLU protein, human				diagnostic	severe COVID-19	COVID-19		human	serum		38673784	The development of acute inflammation in the course of severe COVID-19 is associated with a decrease in CLU concentration, accompanied by an increase in the expression of α2,3-linked sialic acid, and core fucose.
core fucose	increased level	clusterin		CLU protein, human				diagnostic	severe COVID-19	COVID-19		human	serum		38673784	The development of acute inflammation in the course of severe COVID-19 is associated with a decrease in CLU concentration, accompanied by an increase in the expression of α2,3-linked sialic acid, and core fucose.
agalactosylated IgGs terminating with N-acetylglucosamine	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				diagnostic	inflammaging			Humans	plasma		26840264	The age-associated low grade inflammation (inflammaging) is associated with increased plasmatic levels of agalactosylated IgGs terminating with N-acetylglucosamine (IgG-G0) whose biogenesis has not been fully explained.
N-linked glycosylation	altered level	macrosialin		CD68 protein, mouse					inflammatory condition			mouse	macrophages	Macrophages, Peritoneal	10051440	We show that phagocytosis of zymosan by inflammatory peritoneal macrophages potently alters glycan processing of macrosialin in vitro.
O-linked chains	increased level	macrosialin		CD68 protein, mouse					inflammatory condition			mouse	macrophages	Macrophages, Peritoneal	10051440	We also show that phagocytosis increases the complexity and length of O-linked chains.
N-linked glycans	unaltered level	gp120|gp160|CD4		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|HIV Envelope Protein gp160|Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte					HIV	HIV		Human	CD4+ cells	T-Lymphocytes	2538547	Taken together, these results indicate that carbohydrates of CD4 and of gp120/160 do not play a significant role in the in vitro interaction between these two molecules.
GlycA	unaltered level	acute-phase glycoproteins		Acute-Phase Proteins				prognostic	HIV	HIV|HIV Infections		Humans	serum		34650556	Both PCs and TCs showed similar acute-phase glycoprotein profiles, even when TCs lost the virological control (GlycB, p = 0.824 and GlycA, p = 0.710), and the serum acute-phase glycoprotein signature in PCs did not differ from that in HIV-negative subjects (GlycB, p = 0.151 and GlycA, p = 0.243).
GlycB	unaltered level	acute-phase glycoproteins		Acute-Phase Proteins				prognostic	HIV	HIV|HIV Infections		Humans	serum		34650556	Both PCs and TCs showed similar acute-phase glycoprotein profiles, even when TCs lost the virological control (GlycB, p = 0.824 and GlycA, p = 0.710), and the serum acute-phase glycoprotein signature in PCs did not differ from that in HIV-negative subjects (GlycB, p = 0.151 and GlycA, p = 0.243).
O-mannose-linked HNK-1	loss of structure	phosphacan		Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 5	protein O-mannose β1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 1		protein O-mannose beta-1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		learning and memory functions			mouse	brain	Brain	24352591	The human natural killer-1 (HNK-1) carbohydrate comprising a sulfated trisaccharide (HSO3-3GlcAβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc-) is expressed on N-linked and O-mannose-linked glycans in the nervous system and involved in learning and memory functions.
O-mannose-linked HNK-1	loss of structure	phosphacan		Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 5	GlcAT-P		galactosylgalactoylxylosylprotein 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase		learning and memory functions			mouse	brain	Brain	24352591	We also showed that glucuronyltransferase-P (GlcAT-P) was involved in the biosynthesis of O-mannose-linked HNK-1 using the gene-deficient mice of GlcAT-P, one of the glucuronyltransferases for HNK-1 synthesis.
N-linked glycans	loss of structure	CD2		CD2 Antigens					impaired CD2-CD58 interactions			Human	T-lymphocyte		1385399	Analysis of deglycosylated soluble recombinant CD2 as well as a mutant transmembrane CD2 molecule containing a single Asn65-Gln65 substitution demonstrates that neither deglycosylated CD2 nor the mutant CD2 transmembrane receptor binds CD58 or monoclonal antibodies directed at native CD2 adhesion domain epitopes.
core-type 1 O-glycans	acquisition of structure	CD8beta		CD8 Antigens	ST3Gal-1 sialyltransferase		Sialyltransferases|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		thymocyte development			Mice	thymocytes	Thymus Gland	12459555	Non-sialylated glycoforms are present in immature thymocytes but are virtually absent in mature thymocytes.
N-linked glycans	undetermined	envelope glycoprotein		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					human immunodeficiency virus	HIV		Humans	CD4 cellular receptor	CD4 Antigens	1968802	Role of N-linked glycans in the interaction between the envelope glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus and its CD4 cellular receptor: structural enzymatic analysis.
N-glycan	increased level	CD39		CD39 antigen								COS-7 cells	cell surface	Cell Membrane	11546800	Moreover, the secreted active soluble CD39 in COS-7 cells is found to receive a higher degree of N-glycan addition than the inactive form retained intracellularly.
N-glycan	decreased level	CD39		CD39 antigen								COS-7 cells	intracellular		11546800	Moreover, the secreted active soluble CD39 in COS-7 cells is found to receive a higher degree of N-glycan addition than the inactive form retained intracellularly.
α1,3fucosylated glycans	increased level	α1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				monitoring|prognostic|response	cancer	Neoplasms	chemotherapy	Humans	serum		27295180	Accordingly, the relative abundance of α1,3fucosylated glycans in AGP (FUCAGP) was found to be significantly high in cancer patients as compared with the healthy controls.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure				C1GALT1-specific chaperone 1		C1GALT1C1 protein, human		breast cancer			human	MDA-MB-231 cells	Humans|Cell Line, Tumor	39074261	We investigated the influence of truncated O-glycan trees, also referred to as Tn antigen, following the inactivation of C1GALT1-specific chaperone 1 (COSMC) on the general and MMP9-specific proteolytic processing in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells.
fucosylated glycans	increased level	alpha-1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic	malignant melanoma	Melanoma		human	serum		34641547	Comparative assessment of the samples revealed that upregulation of certain fucosylated glycans and downregulation of their nonfucosylated counterparts occurred in cancer patients.
nonfucosylated glycans	decreased level	alpha-1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic	malignant melanoma	Melanoma		human	serum		34641547	Comparative assessment of the samples revealed that upregulation of certain fucosylated glycans and downregulation of their nonfucosylated counterparts occurred in cancer patients.
isomers with more α-2,6-linked sialic acids	increased ratio	alpha-1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic	malignant melanoma	Melanoma		human	serum		34641547	An increased ratio of isomers with more α-2,6-linked sialic acids was also observed.
N-glycosylation	altered level	alpha1-antitrypsin		alpha 1-Antitrypsin				risk	cardiovascular diseases			Humans	plasma		24039863	Moreover, several glycans in the AAT enriched fraction were associated with physiological parameters marking cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
N-glycosylation	altered level	alpha1-antitrypsin		alpha 1-Antitrypsin				risk	metabolic diseases			Humans	plasma		24039863	Moreover, several glycans in the AAT enriched fraction were associated with physiological parameters marking cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
complex-type N-glycosylation	altered level	CD133		AC133 Antigen					cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	cancer stem cells	Neoplastic Stem Cells	30873590	In this study, we report that secreted CD133 has a complex-type N-glycosylation and is modified by beta1,6GlcNAc N-glycan.
beta1,6GlcNAc N-glycan	altered level	CD133		AC133 Antigen					cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	cancer stem cells	Neoplastic Stem Cells	30873590	In this study, we report that secreted CD133 has a complex-type N-glycosylation and is modified by beta1,6GlcNAc N-glycan.
fucosylated haptoglobin	increased level	haptoglobin		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	sera		24575722	Using our reverse lectin-based ELISA assay, increased fucosylated haptoglobin was observed in sera of patients with ovarian cancer, while the protein level of haptoglobin remained the same between cancers and noncases.
polylactosamine	increased level	LAMP-2		Lysosomal Membrane Proteins								Dogs	MDCK cells	Cell Line	9675228	The increased polylactosamine glycosylation of LAMP-2 in MDCK cells cultured for 1 day relative to cells cultured for 3 days has been correlated with its slower rate of Golgi transit (Nabi and Rodriguez-Boulan, 1993, Mol. Biol. Cell., 4, 627-635).
N-glycan	altered level	immunoglobulins		Immunoglobulins				diagnostic	urothelial carcinoma	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	serum		29210993	The aim of this study to determine whether the aberrant N-glycosylated serum immunoglobulins (Igs) can be applied as a diagnostic marker of urothelial carcinoma (UC).
asialo-bisecting GlcNAc type N-glycan	increased level	immunoglobulins		Immunoglobulins				diagnostic	urothelial carcinoma	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	serum		29210993	We found five UC-associated aberrant N-glycans changes on Igs and also found that asialo-bisecting GlcNAc type N-glycan on Igs were significantly accumulated in UC patients.
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	Breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	serum		32271809	We aimed to develop a platform for breast cancer (BrC) diagnosis based on serum N-glycan profiles using MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy.
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	invasive ductal carcinoma	Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast		Humans	serum		32271809	Results showed an efficient pattern recognition of invasive ductal carcinoma patients, with very high diagnostic performance [area under the curve (AUC): 0.93 and 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.917-0.947].
Sialyl Lewis X	undetermined			Sialyl Lewis X Antigen							therapeutic agent				19118822	We report here the total synthesis of acetic acid-sLe(x) analog (12), for testing as a therapeutic agent.
Tn antigen	undetermined								cancer	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					21833408	Development of highly stereoselective GalN3 donors and their application in the chemical synthesis of precursors of Tn antigen.
	undetermined							diagnostic	disease marker						11708320	Protein chip system has a very wide range of applications, including protein interaction study, discovery of disease marker, differential protein expression profiling, peptide mapping, and protein purification.
glycosylation	increased level	acetylcholinesterase		Acetylcholinesterase				diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid		11261805	Recently, our group has identified an abnormality in the glycosylation of acetylcholinesterase (AChE).
H-type II antigen	unaltered level								ABO Blood-Group System	ABO Blood-Group System		Humans			11722221	Envisioning an automated solid-phase synthesis of blood group determinants, the utility of glycosyl phosphates in the stepwise construction of complex oligosaccharides, such as the H-type II antigen, is demonstrated.
lacto-N-fucoheptaose	undetermined														10744332	This paper describes an efficient synthesis of the beta-2-trimethylsilylethyl glycoside of lacto-N-fucoheptaose based on a highly stereo- and regioselective glycosylation between a Lewis(x) trisaccharidic donor and a tetraol tetrasaccharidic acceptor.
glycosylation	undetermined							diagnostic	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation	therapies	Humans		Humans	35682409	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation (CDG) are a large family of rare genetic diseases for which effective therapies are almost nonexistent.
α1-3/4 fucosylation at Asn 241 of β-haptoglobin	increased level	β-haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	sera		21780104	In particular, fucosylation at Asn 241 of β-Hp in sera of colon cancer patients was clearly higher than in the other groups, and the ratio of fucosylated glycopeptides containing Asn 241 decreased greatly after treatment with α1-3/4 fucosidase.
N-glycosylation	altered level	CD97		ADGRE5 protein, human					HeLa cell attachment	HeLa Cells		Human	HeLa cells	HeLa Cells	27641734	The PNGase F-deglycosylated and GPS mutated forms also exhibited reduced HeLa attachment compared with WT CD97.
Advanced glycation end products	unaltered level			Glycation End Products, Advanced				risk	cardiovascular risk		high-intensity interval training	Humans	plasma		32356559	HIIT did not change plasma AGEs and dicarbonyls in SR.
glycopeptides	increased level			Glycopeptides								mouse	brain	Brain Chemistry	30850145	Thus, a total of 975 phosphopeptides and 1243 glycopeptides are identified from merely 100 μg mouse brain extracts at the same time, which will make it possible to exceedingly advance the phospho- and glycoproteomics and simplify the screening of related biomarkers.
glycosylation	altered level	acetylcholinesterase		Acetylcholinesterase				diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans			9314873	Glycosylation of acetylcholinesterase as diagnostic marker for Alzheimer's disease.
truncated O-glycans	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					human tumors of epithelial origin			Human	epithelial cells		10712502	In human tumors of epithelial origin MUC1 is overexpressed in an underglycosylated form with truncated O-glycans and accumulates in intracellular compartments.
sialylated O-glycans	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					human tumors of epithelial origin			Human	epithelial cells		10712502	addition of GalNAc alone to the culture media resulted in stabilization and near normal surface expression of MUC1 with truncated but sialylated O-glycans.
glycosylation	altered level							prognostic	glioma	Glioma		Humans	tumor tissues	Humans	35714799	Glycosylation modification plays a vital role in tumor progression and is highly associated with glioma prognosis.
Fucose linked by alpha 1-6 bond	unaltered level							diagnostic	benign diseases			Humans	Ascitic Fluid	Ascitic Fluid	18955039	The fucosylation pattern was found to be similar in malignant and benign group.
Fucose linked by alpha 1-6 bond	unaltered level							diagnostic	malignant diseases	Neoplasms		Humans	Ascitic Fluid	Ascitic Fluid	18955039	The fucosylation pattern was found to be similar in malignant and benign group.
Sialylation with alpha 2-6 bond	increased level							diagnostic	malignant diseases	Neoplasms		Humans	Ascitic Fluid	Ascitic Fluid	18955039	Sialylation was found to be more typical for malignant patients.
T antigen	increased level							diagnostic	malignant diseases	Neoplasms		Humans	Ascitic Fluid	Ascitic Fluid	18955039	T and Tn antigens were present on rather low level with a slight prevalence of T antigen in malignant group.
glycoforms recognized by DSA lectin	increased level							diagnostic	benign diseases			Humans	Ascitic Fluid	Ascitic Fluid	18955039	The glycoforms recognized by DSA lectin were more numerous in benign patients.
highly fucosylated N-glycans	acquisition of structure	aminopeptidase 1										Manduca sexta			15511230	Mass spectrometric studies on the N-linked glycans of aminopeptidase 1 from Manduca sexta have revealed unusual structures not previously observed on any insect glycoprotein.
difucosylated cores	acquisition of structure	aminopeptidase 1										Manduca sexta			15511230	These key experiments revealed that three out of the four N-linked glycosylation sites in this protein (Asn295, Asn623 and Asn752) are occupied with highly fucosylated N-glycans that possess unusual difucosylated cores.
fucosylated antennae composed of Fucalpha(1-3)GlcNAc	acquisition of structure	aminopeptidase 1										Manduca sexta			15511230	In addition, these core structures can be decorated with novel fucosylated antennae composed of Fucalpha(1-3)GlcNAc.
paucimannosidic N-glycan (Man(3)GlcNAc(2))	acquisition of structure	aminopeptidase 1										Manduca sexta			15511230	The paucimannosidic N-glycan (Man(3)GlcNAc(2)), commonly found on other insect glycoproteins, is the predominant oligosaccharide found at the remaining N-glycosylation site (Asn609).
N-linked glycans	acquisition of structure	MAM-6		Membrane Glycoproteins					Breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	ZR-75-1 breast cancer cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	3346246	The biosynthesis of MAM-6 was studied in the ZR-75-1 breast cancer cell line.
alpha2,6-sialylation	altered level							diagnostic	peritoneal dialysis complications	Peritoneal Dialysis|Peritonitis		Humans	peritoneal effluents	Peritoneum	29343697	Here, by using a recently developed MALDI-TOF-MS method with linkage-specific sialic acid derivatisation, we showed that alpha2,6-sialylation, especially in triantennary N-glycans from peritoneal effluents, is associated with critical clinical outcomes in a prospective cohort of 94 PD patients.
galactosylation of diantennary glycans	altered level	immunoglobulin-G		Blood Proteins				diagnostic	peritoneal dialysis complications	Peritoneal Dialysis|Peritonitis		Humans	peritoneal effluents	Peritoneum	29343697	Moreover, we found an association between the levels of presumably immunoglobulin-G-related glycans as well as galactosylation of diantennary glycans with PD-related complications such as peritonitis and loss of peritoneal mesothelial cell mass.
sialylated and core-fucosylated biantennary, triantennary and tetra-antennary oligosaccharides	increased level	siglec-5|siglec-7		SIGLEC5 protein, human|SIGLEC7 protein, human									CHO cell line	CHO Cells	11231274	The glycan pools from siglec-5 and siglec-7 contained a larger proportion of sialylated and core-fucosylated biantennary, triantennary and tetra-antennary oligosaccharides, whereas the carbohydrate mixture released from siglec-8 is noticeably less sialylated and is more abundant in 'high-mannose'-type glycans.
'high-mannose'-type glycans	increased level	siglec-8		SIGLEC8 protein, human									CHO cell line	CHO Cells	11231274	The glycan pools from siglec-5 and siglec-7 contained a larger proportion of sialylated and core-fucosylated biantennary, triantennary and tetra-antennary oligosaccharides, whereas the carbohydrate mixture released from siglec-8 is noticeably less sialylated and is more abundant in 'high-mannose'-type glycans.
oligosaccharide chain	loss of structure	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	chronic alcohol consumption	Alcoholism		human	plasma		12626412	Appearance of a hyposialylated transferrin fraction in the plasma during chronic alcohol exposure is a well-known phenomenon, and it represents the best available marker of chronic alcohol consumption.
terminal sialylation	altered level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	chronic alcohol consumption	Alcoholism		human	plasma		12626412	Our data indicate that the major modification observed is the loss of an entire oligosaccharide chain; we also demonstrate that there is a modification of terminal sialylation.
sialylated moieties	altered level								oligozoospermic	Oligospermia		Humans	seminal prostasomes		30957617	Within the frame of overall similarity in protein composition, surface glycans specifically contributed to the differences between the examined groups of prostasomes in terms of presentation of sialylated and mannosylated moieties.
mannosylated moieties	altered level								oligozoospermic	Oligospermia		Humans	seminal prostasomes		30957617	Within the frame of overall similarity in protein composition, surface glycans specifically contributed to the differences between the examined groups of prostasomes in terms of presentation of sialylated and mannosylated moieties.
highly fucosylated polylactosamine-type structures	undetermined	CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV)		DPP4 protein, human|Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4					colorectal carcinoma	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	SW1116 cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	19129245	The MBP-ligand oligosaccharides (MLO) isolated from a human colorectal carcinoma cell line, SW1116, are large, multiantennary N-glycans with highly fucosylated polylactosamine-type structures having Le(b)-Le(a) or tandem repeats of the Le(a) structure at their nonreducing ends.
complex-type N-glycans carrying a minimum of 4 Le(a)/Le(b) epitopes	undetermined	CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV)		DPP4 protein, human|Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4					colorectal carcinoma	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	SW1116 cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	19129245	More interestingly, a comparison of the N-glycans released from the MBP-binding and non-MBP-binding glycopeptides suggested that complex-type N-glycans carrying a minimum of 4 Le(a)/Le(b) epitopes arranged either as multimeric tandem repeats or terminal epitopes on multiantennary structures are critically important for the high affinity binding to MBP.
Nε-deoxyfructosyl-lysine	unaltered level	Serum Albumin, Human|Serum Albumin, Bovine		Serum Albumin, Human|Serum Albumin, Bovine				diagnostic	diabetes complications			human|bovine	serum	Serum Albumin, Human|Serum Albumin, Bovine	32050527	Therefore, the novel specifically-designed PhB-Lys(PhB)-ChemMatrix® Rink resin, which has the highest affinity to deoxyfructosylated peptides, is a candidate to quantitatively separate early glycation peptides from complex mixtures to investigate their role in diabetes complications in the clinics.
glycoproteins	decreased level			Glycoproteins				diagnostic	acetaminophen-induced acute hepatitis	Hepatitis		Humans	plasma/serum	Blood Proteins	28501198	Glycodepletion was integrated to a targeted proteomics pipeline to evaluate 4 liver cytolysis biomarker candidates in the context of acetaminophen-induced acute hepatitis.
branched core 1 antennae in the core type 2 glycans	acquisition of structure	CA125		CA-125 Antigen				diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms	Immunotherapy	Humans	OVCAR-3 cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	12734200	CA125 is a mucin commonly employed as a diagnostic marker for epithelial ovarian cancer.
high mannose and complex bisecting type N-linked glycans	acquisition of structure	CA125		CA-125 Antigen				diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms	Immunotherapy	Humans	OVCAR-3 cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	12734200	CA125 is a mucin commonly employed as a diagnostic marker for epithelial ovarian cancer.
agalactosylated (G0) N-glycans	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				monitoring	Galactosaemia	Galactosemias	galactose liberalization	Humans	Serum		22133299	IgG N-glycan profiles showed consistent individual alterations in response to diet liberalization.
digalactosylated (G2) N-glycans	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				monitoring	Galactosaemia	Galactosemias	galactose liberalization	Humans	Serum		22133299	IgG N-glycan profiles showed consistent individual alterations in response to diet liberalization.
STn-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	CA125		CA-125 Antigen|MUC16 protein, human				diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms|Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial		Humans	ascites fluid		38584178	Our research focuses on epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), where STn-glycosylated forms of CA125 and CA15-3 antigens can better discriminate cancer from benign conditions.
STn-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	CA15-3		MUC1 protein, human				diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms|Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial		Humans	ascites fluid		38584178	Our research focuses on epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), where STn-glycosylated forms of CA125 and CA15-3 antigens can better discriminate cancer from benign conditions.
GlycA	increased level							risk	subclinical coronary atherosclerosis	Coronary Disease		Humans	plasma		30475263	In both HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected individuals, GlycA was significantly associated with several measures of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis, independent of other CVD risk factors and inflammatory biomarkers.
core 1 O-glycans	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1	CMP-Neu5Ac:GalNAc-Rα2,6-sialyltransferase-1							Canis lupus familiaris	Madin-Darby canine kidney cells	Dogs|Cell Line	21937430	In pull-down assays with lectins, we found a notable difference in the presence of core 1 O-glycans, but not poly-N-acetyllactosamine, in apically targeted MUC1 and chimeras when compared with Tac.
sialic acid	acquisition of structure	episialin	MUC1	Mucin-1									epithelial cells	Epithelium	8407976	During recycling, sialic acid residues are added to the premature form of episialin resulting in complete maturation of the molecule.
G2890	increased level							prognostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms	hepatectomy	Humans	serum		23322672	Analysis of the correlation between these 14 N-glycans and surgical outcomes by univariate and multivariate analysis identified G2890 (m/z value, 2890.052) as a significant recurrence factor and G3560 (m/z value, 3560.295) as a significant prognostic factor.
G3560	increased level							prognostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms	hepatectomy	Humans	serum		23322672	Analysis of the correlation between these 14 N-glycans and surgical outcomes by univariate and multivariate analysis identified G2890 (m/z value, 2890.052) as a significant recurrence factor and G3560 (m/z value, 3560.295) as a significant prognostic factor.
core 1-derived O-glycans	loss of structure				T-synthase		Galactosyltransferases		embryonic hemorrhage	Hemorrhage		mice	endothelial, hematopoietic, and epithelial cells	Endothelial Cells	14745002	Gene-targeted mice lacking T-synthase instead expressed the nonsialylated Tn antigen in these cells and developed brain hemorrhage that was uniformly fatal by embryonic day 14.
GalNAc	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1											9597769	The location of O-glycosylation sites was possible in the positive ion (+) mode by detection of prominent y- and b-fragment ions from the underivatized TAP25-2 [T1APPAHGVT9S10APDT14RPAPGS20T21APPA], an overlapping sequence of MUC1 tandem repeats which had been glycosylated in vitro by two GalNAc residues in the positions T9 and T21.
Tn	unaltered level	MUC1|MUC16		MUC1 protein, human|MUC16 protein, human	COSMC		C1GALT1C1 protein, human		serous ovarian carcinomas	Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous		Human	ovarian cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	30011875	The expression of mucins (MUC16 and MUC1) and truncated O-glycans (Tn, STn and T) represents a characteristic footprint of serous ovarian carcinomas (SOCs).
STn	unaltered level	MUC1|MUC16		MUC1 protein, human|MUC16 protein, human	COSMC		C1GALT1C1 protein, human		serous ovarian carcinomas	Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous		Human	ovarian cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	30011875	The expression of mucins (MUC16 and MUC1) and truncated O-glycans (Tn, STn and T) represents a characteristic footprint of serous ovarian carcinomas (SOCs).
T	unaltered level	MUC1|MUC16		MUC1 protein, human|MUC16 protein, human	COSMC		C1GALT1C1 protein, human		serous ovarian carcinomas	Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous		Human	ovarian cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	30011875	The expression of mucins (MUC16 and MUC1) and truncated O-glycans (Tn, STn and T) represents a characteristic footprint of serous ovarian carcinomas (SOCs).
ABO blood group antigens	altered level	von Willebrand factor		von Willebrand Factor					pulmonary embolism	Pulmonary Embolism		human	pulmonary vascular endothelial cells	Endothelial Cells	31662441	Compared with type O, non-O individuals have a significantly higher amount of endothelial cell-associated VWF protein expression.
HNK-1 epitope	altered level	butyrylcholinesterase		Butyrylcholinesterase					inactive serum butyrylcholinesterases			chicken	serum		7526304	The HNK-1 epitope as a hallmark of many cell adhesion molecules is supposed to convey positive cellular interactions.
HNK-1 epitope	unaltered level	butyrylcholinesterase		Butyrylcholinesterase					active brain butyrylcholinesterase			chicken	brain	Brain	7526304	The HNK-1 epitope as a hallmark of many cell adhesion molecules is supposed to convey positive cellular interactions.
A9 antigen	altered level	integrin alpha 6 beta 4		Integrin alpha6beta4				predictive	squamous cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell		human	squamous cells		1750876	We previously reported that altered expression of the A9 antigen (defined by monoclonal antibody UM-A9) is a predictive marker of early recurrence and progression of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).
N-glycopeptides	altered level							diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	colorectal cancer tissue		39368193	As an explore result, after the enrichment of human colorectal cancer tissue and human healthy tissue by the nanosheets, several proteins related to cancers and one protein directly related to well-known human colorectal cancer were identified by detecting the corresponding glycopeptides.
multi-antennary glycans	altered level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		31933068	The aim of this study was to explore the diagnostic value of aberrant glycosylated serum transferrin (TRF) especially containing multi-antennary glycans in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
αGlcNAc	decreased level	MUC6		Mucin-6				diagnostic	pyloric gland adenoma			Humans	duodenum	Duodenum	38062108	High-grade PGA also expressed MUC6, but reduced αGlcNAc and TFF2 expression.
αGlcNAc	decreased ratio	MUC6		Mucin-6				diagnostic	pyloric gland adenoma			Humans	duodenum	Duodenum	38062108	The ratios of αGlcNAc or TFF2 to MUC6 score in high-grade PGA were significantly lower than low-grade PGA (P < 0.001).
glycosylation	undetermined	Immunoglobulin Light Chains		Immunoglobulin Light Chains				diagnostic	AL			Humans		Humans	29977017	Assay to rapidly screen for immunoglobulin light chain glycosylation: a potential path to earlier AL diagnosis for a subset of patients.
glycosylation	altered level	ESGp/LAMP-1		Lamp1 protein, mouse|Lysosomal Membrane Proteins					t-embryonic lethal alleles			mouse	embryos|embryonal carcinoma (EC) cell lines	Embryo, Mammalian|Carcinoma, Embryonal	9367635	Additionally, we present evidence suggesting that ESGp/LAMP-1 serves as a substrate which may be differentially glycosylated by the activities of the gene products of the different t-lethal alleles.
galectin-3-bound glycoform	increased level	transferrin		Transferrin					cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	HFL-1 cells|SKBR3 cells	Cell Line	23926108	Moreover, the galectin-3-bound glycoform increased in cancer, suggesting a pathophysiological regulation.
Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer	increased level	Mac-2-binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				predictive|prognostic	Bacterial infections	Bacterial Infections		Humans	Liver	Liver Cirrhosis	38219719	M2BPGi/albumin might serve as a potential prognostic indicator for patients with cirrhosis, particularly for predicting bacterial infections.
N-linked glycosylation	undetermined												body fluids|cell surface	|Cell Membrane	16785649	In search of a method that has the potential to identify and quantify most proteins found in body fluids or the cell surface, we have recently developed a novel method for solid-phase extraction of formerly N-linked glycosylated peptides from glycoproteins.
globotriaose	undetermined								tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate	immunotherapeutics				24490844	These glycoconjugates include tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) and immunostimulatory glycolipids that hold promise as immunotherapeutics.
isoglobotriaose	undetermined								tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate	immunotherapeutics				24490844	These glycoconjugates include tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) and immunostimulatory glycolipids that hold promise as immunotherapeutics.
Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi)	altered level	Mac-2 binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic	liver fibrosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans		Humans	38948207	This study aimed to assess the accuracy of Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) in predicting the stage of liver fibrosis.
M2BP glycan isomer	increased level	Mac-2 binding protein		LGALS3BP protein, human				predictive|risk	nonrelapse mortality	Mortality	hematopoietic stem cell transplant	Humans	liver		31698460	M2BPGi was significantly related to liver cGVHD but not to other organ involvement.
M2BP glycan isomer	increased level	Mac-2 binding protein		LGALS3BP protein, human				predictive|risk	chronic graft-versus-host disease	Graft vs Host Disease	hematopoietic stem cell transplant	Humans	liver		31698460	M2BPGi was significantly related to liver cGVHD but not to other organ involvement.
carbohydrate structures	altered level	MUC 1|MUC 5AC		MUC1 protein, human|MUC5AC protein, human					Helicobacter pylori infection	Helicobacter Infections	eradication treatment	Humans	Gastric Juice	Gastric Juice	20953890	Changes in the level of MUC 1 and MUC 5AC mucins and of carbohydrate structures, which are suggested to be receptors for Helicobacter pylori adhesins, were observed by the end of the eradication treatment.
Siaα2-6Gal/GalNAc	increased level							prognostic	Diabetic kidney disease	Diabetic Nephropathies		Humans	urine		29930140	Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed that urinary levels of glycans binding to six lectins were significantly associated with the outcome after adjustment for known indicators of DKD, although these urinary glycans, except that for DBA, were highly correlated with baseline albuminuria and eGFR.
Galβ4GlcNAc	increased level							prognostic	Diabetic kidney disease	Diabetic Nephropathies		Humans	urine		29930140	Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed that urinary levels of glycans binding to six lectins were significantly associated with the outcome after adjustment for known indicators of DKD, although these urinary glycans, except that for DBA, were highly correlated with baseline albuminuria and eGFR.
GalNAcα3GalNAc	decreased level							prognostic	Diabetic kidney disease	Diabetic Nephropathies		Humans	urine		29930140	Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed that urinary levels of glycans binding to six lectins were significantly associated with the outcome after adjustment for known indicators of DKD, although these urinary glycans, except that for DBA, were highly correlated with baseline albuminuria and eGFR.
Galβ3GalNAc	increased level							prognostic	Diabetic kidney disease	Diabetic Nephropathies		Humans	urine		29930140	Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed that urinary levels of glycans binding to six lectins were significantly associated with the outcome after adjustment for known indicators of DKD, although these urinary glycans, except that for DBA, were highly correlated with baseline albuminuria and eGFR.
fucosylation	increased level	alpha-1-antichymotrypsin		SERPINA3 protein, human|alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin				diagnostic|predictive|prognostic	sepsis	Sepsis		human	plasma		33519818	Importantly, we observed that the AACT glycoproteoform changes induced by sepsis did not readily subside after discharge from ICU.
branching/LacNAc elongation	increased level	alpha-1-antichymotrypsin		SERPINA3 protein, human|alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin				diagnostic|predictive|prognostic	sepsis	Sepsis		human	plasma		33519818	Importantly, we observed that the AACT glycoproteoform changes induced by sepsis did not readily subside after discharge from ICU.
hyperglycosylated hCG	altered level	human chorionic gonadotropin		Chorionic Gonadotropin				predictive	pregnancy loss		in vitro fertilization	human	urine		11874698	Significant differences were found between continuing pregnancy and pregnancy loss throughout days 5-20 post-ET.
hyperglycosylated hCG	altered level	human chorionic gonadotropin		Chorionic Gonadotropin				diagnostic	miscarriages	Abortion, Spontaneous		human	urine		11874698	In a second population of pregnant women who conceived naturally, in whom urine samples were collected at approximately weekly intervals to either term birth or clinical spontaneous abortion, the ratio could discriminate between miscarriages and normal term pregnancies (P=0.043).
N-linked glycans	acquisition of structure	dipeptidyl peptidase IV		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4							administration of N-propanoyl-D-mannosamine	rat	liver	Liver	10486256	Treatment of rats with this unphysiological precursor resulted in an incorporation of N-propanoylneuraminic acid into N-linked glycans of dipeptidyl peptidase IV.
N-linked glycans	altered level	CD69		Antigens, CD|Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte|CD69 antigen					regulatory T-cell differentiation	T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory		Humans	human peripheral blood mononuclear cells	Cells, Cultured|Monocytes	26296369	In agreement, the glycomics analysis determines the glycosylation site and the N-glycan composition of CD69, and terminal removal of sialic acid from that N-linked glycans reverses the generation of forkhead box P3-positive Treg cells (23.21%; P < 0.05).
Tn	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Glycoproteins					cancer	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate		Escherichia coli		Escherichia coli	32719555	In addition, O-glycosylation-competent bacteria were able to generate an antigenically authentic Tn-MUC1 glycoform that exhibited reactivity with antibody 5E5, which specifically recognizes cancer-associated glycoforms of MUC1.
T	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Glycoproteins					cancer	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate		Escherichia coli		Escherichia coli	32719555	Here, we have developed a set of orthogonal pathways for eukaryotic O-linked protein glycosylation in Escherichia coli that installed the cancer-associated mucin-type glycans Tn, T, sialyl-Tn and sialyl-T onto serine residues in acceptor motifs derived from different human O-glycoproteins.
sialyl-Tn	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Glycoproteins					cancer	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate		Escherichia coli		Escherichia coli	32719555	Here, we have developed a set of orthogonal pathways for eukaryotic O-linked protein glycosylation in Escherichia coli that installed the cancer-associated mucin-type glycans Tn, T, sialyl-Tn and sialyl-T onto serine residues in acceptor motifs derived from different human O-glycoproteins.
sialyl-T	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Glycoproteins					cancer	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate		Escherichia coli		Escherichia coli	32719555	Here, we have developed a set of orthogonal pathways for eukaryotic O-linked protein glycosylation in Escherichia coli that installed the cancer-associated mucin-type glycans Tn, T, sialyl-Tn and sialyl-T onto serine residues in acceptor motifs derived from different human O-glycoproteins.
O-glycans	undetermined	Mucin-1		Mucin-1								Humans	serum		26729242	In this work O-linked glycopeptides bearing mucin core-1 type structures were enriched from human serum.
N-glycosylation	unaltered level	CGB7|CGB3/5/8		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human|Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human					Pregnancy	Pregnancy		Humans			32767150	We found that N- and O-glycosylation patterns of CGB7 and CGB3/5/8 are quite similar.
O-glycosylation	unaltered level	CGB7|CGB3/5/8		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human|Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human					Pregnancy	Pregnancy		Humans			32767150	We found that N- and O-glycosylation patterns of CGB7 and CGB3/5/8 are quite similar.
carbohydrate	altered level	CD4		CD4 Antigens					virus infection with HTLV-IIIB				in vitro cellular assay		1917952	CD4 dimers and tetramers by mass were 4 and 15 times as active as CD4 monomer in blocking virus infection with HTLV-IIIB in an in vitro cellular assay.
terminal sialic acid	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				monitoring	alteration of cellular physiological states			human	cell surface		30993977	Proof-of-concept protocols have been developed for the imaging of MUC1-bound terminal sialic acid and fucose.
fucose	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				monitoring	alteration of cellular physiological states			human	cell surface		30993977	Proof-of-concept protocols have been developed for the imaging of MUC1-bound terminal sialic acid and fucose.
sialyl Lewis X	undetermined			Sialyl Lewis X Antigen					tumor						17411062	The linear synthesis of the sialyl Lewis X tumor-associated antigen (1) has been accomplished in good yield using a sialic acid alpha(2-3) galactose disaccharide building block.
glycan structure	altered level							diagnostic							21370056	The microarray platform has become an essential tool to characterize glycan structure and to study glycosylation-related biological interactions, by using probes as a means to interrogate the spotted or captured glycosylated molecules on the arrays.
MUC1 glycosylation	undetermined	MUC1		Mucin-1					Cancer	Neoplasms			Cancer cell	Cell Line, Tumor	28749463	Cancer cell resistance to anoikis: MUC1 glycosylation comes to play.
dimeric Le(x) oligosaccharide	acquisition of structure	PSGL-1		P-selectin ligand protein											12662048	The synthesis of an octasaccharide containing the dimeric Le(x) oligosaccharide structure found in PSGL-1 carbohydrate chains is reported.
N-linked glycosylation	decreased level	PD-L1		B7-H1 Antigen	STT3a|STT3b			response	cancer		delta-tocotrienol				38159375	PD-L1 is a heavily N-linked glycosylated protein, and the glycosylation of PD-L1 is essential for its ability to interact with its receptor PD-1 to mediate immune suppression.
Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer	altered level	Mac-2 binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic	liver cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		36221351	The Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) has emerged as a novel serum biomarker for liver fibrosis; however, insufficient clinical data of M2BPGi are available in patients with CLD.
Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer	altered level	Mac-2 binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic	significant fibrosis			Humans	serum		36221351	The Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) has emerged as a novel serum biomarker for liver fibrosis; however, insufficient clinical data of M2BPGi are available in patients with CLD.
MUC1 glycopeptide neoantigen epitope centering the GSTA motif	undetermined	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1											31658499	Our data established the LC/MS/MS identities of a clinically relevant MUC1 glycopeptide neoantigen epitope centering the GSTA motif.
dimeric Lewis X	undetermined								cancer		anti-cancer vaccines				17388629	In our efforts to design new anti-cancer vaccines based on the tumor associated carbohydrate antigen dimeric Lex, we have synthesized the fragment GlcNAc-beta-(1-->3)-Gal-beta-(1-->4)-GlcNAc-beta-(1-->O)-Me.
branch fucosylated	altered level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		28543513	The glycan isoform patterns distinguished early stage HCC from cirrhotic patients.
α-2,6 linked sialic acid moieties	altered level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		28543513	The glycan isoform patterns distinguished early stage HCC from cirrhotic patients.
Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer	unaltered level							diagnostic|predictive	non-alcoholic steatohepatitis			Humans	liver	Humans	36355761	The M2BPGi and FIB-4 index showed a good performance in diagnosing NASH, the fibrosis stage, and the NAS index in NAFLD patients.
glycosylation	decreased level							diagnostic	major depressive disorder	Depressive Disorder, Major		Humans	neutrophil-platelet		33958659	This integrative analysis method provides insights into the molecular mechanisms along with key glycosylation dysregulation underlying altered neutrophil-platelet activation and dysregulated neuronal survival maintenance and synaptic functioning.
Lewis X Antigen	undetermined														10515050	Glycosidation with p-nitrothiophenyl lactoside acceptor in the presence of NIS/TfOH as catalyst gave the Lex pentasaccharide in 71% yield.
glycoconjugates	altered level	Fc gamma receptor		Receptors, Fc|Receptors, IgG							tunicamycin or monensin	Guinea pig	peritoneal macrophages	Macrophages	1839118	This indicates that the interaction of IgG with the macrophage Fc gamma receptor depends on the degree of glycosylation of the cell surface glycoconjugates and that glycosylation of the macrophage Fc gamma receptor is important for the expression of the mature form of the receptor.
Mac2 binding protein glycosylation isomer	altered level							diagnostic	Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease	Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease		Humans	Liver	Humans|Liver	37574956	Herein, we compared the diagnostic performance of serum Mac2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) and other serological panels for fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and proposed an improved two-step diagnostic algorithm for advanced fibrosis.
mucin-type core 1 structures	undetermined											human	serum		27766363	In this study, we address the technical reproducibility of the characterization of the most prevalent O-glycosylation (mucin-type core 1 structures) in human serum, using a two-step lectin affinity-based workflow.
	undetermined							diagnostic|predictive	Cancer	Neoplasms		Humans		Humans	26543851	Cancer Diagnostic and Predictive Biomarkers 2015.
O-glycosylation	increased level	oncofetal fibronectin		oncofetal fibronectin					epithelial-mesenchymal transition	Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition		human	A549 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	23593224	In summary, our results demonstrate, for the first time that the metabolism of glucose through HBP promotes O-glycosylation of the oncofetal form of FN during EMT modulating tumorogenesis.
core 2 O-linked sialyl Lewis X	increased level	prostate specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen	GCNT1		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases	diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	prostate tissue		24854630	ELISA using PSA, PAP, and MUC1 capture antibodies and a specific core 2 O-linked sLe(x) detection antibody demonstrated elevation of this glycan structure in cancer compared to normal tissues for MUC1 (P = 0.01), PSA (P = 0.03) and near significant differences in PAP sLe(x) levels (P = 0.06).
core 2 O-linked sialyl Lewis X	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1	GCNT1		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases	diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	prostate tissue		24854630	ELISA using PSA, PAP, and MUC1 capture antibodies and a specific core 2 O-linked sLe(x) detection antibody demonstrated elevation of this glycan structure in cancer compared to normal tissues for MUC1 (P = 0.01), PSA (P = 0.03) and near significant differences in PAP sLe(x) levels (P = 0.06).
core 2 O-linked sialyl Lewis X	increased level	prostatic acidic phosphatase		Acid Phosphatase|prostatic acid phosphatase	GCNT1		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases	diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	prostate tissue		24854630	ELISA using PSA, PAP, and MUC1 capture antibodies and a specific core 2 O-linked sLe(x) detection antibody demonstrated elevation of this glycan structure in cancer compared to normal tissues for MUC1 (P = 0.01), PSA (P = 0.03) and near significant differences in PAP sLe(x) levels (P = 0.06).
N-linked glycans	altered level								adhesion changes			Humans	KG1a (a CD34+ haematopoietic cell line)	Hematopoietic Stem Cells	14984505	Selective pretreatment attributed the constitutive binding to N-linked glycans on KG1a.
high mannose intermediate	unaltered level								adhesion changes			Humans	KG1a (a CD34+ haematopoietic cell line)	Hematopoietic Stem Cells	14984505	When carboprocessing was inhibited later at the high mannose intermediate (via deoxymannojirimycin), adhesion was retained.
sialic acid	loss of structure								adhesion changes			Humans	KG1a (a CD34+ haematopoietic cell line)	Hematopoietic Stem Cells	14984505	If the terminal sialic acid was digested (via neuraminidase), this induced response was duplicated.
glycan modifications	altered level	HER4		Receptor, ErbB-4					cancer			human		Humans	38498590	Our structures also reveal the presence of multiple glycan modifications within HER4 ectodomains, modeled for the first time in HER receptors, that distinctively contribute to the stabilization of HER4 homodimer interfaces over those of HER2/HER4 heterodimers.
Tn/STn/SLe(a)/SLe(x)-MUC1	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	mucinous adenocarcinomas	Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous		Humans	stomach|ampulla of Vater|colon|lung|breast|ovary	Stomach||Colon|Lung|Breast||	21883895	We detected Tn/STn/SLe(a)/SLe(x)-MUC1 and STn/SLe(a)/SLe(x)-MUC2 glycoforms in ≥50% of the cases, with a variable distribution among organs.
STn/SLe(a)/SLe(x)-MUC2	acquisition of structure	MUC2		MUC2 protein, human|Mucin-2				diagnostic	mucinous adenocarcinomas	Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous		Humans	stomach|ampulla of Vater|colon|lung|breast|ovary	Stomach||Colon|Lung|Breast||	21883895	We detected Tn/STn/SLe(a)/SLe(x)-MUC1 and STn/SLe(a)/SLe(x)-MUC2 glycoforms in ≥50% of the cases, with a variable distribution among organs.
T/SLe(a)-MUC2	acquisition of structure	MUC2		MUC2 protein, human|Mucin-2				diagnostic	mucinous adenocarcinomas	Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous		Humans	stomach|ampulla of Vater|colon|lung|breast|ovary	Stomach||Colon|Lung|Breast||	21883895	Some new glycoforms-T/SLe(a)-MUC2, STn/T/SLe(a) SLe(x)-MUC5AC and STn/T/SLe(a)/SLe(x)-MUC6-were identified for the first time in the present study in a variable percentage of cases from different organs.
STn/T/SLe(a)/SLe(x)-MUC5AC	acquisition of structure	MUC5AC		MUC5AC protein, human|Mucin 5AC				diagnostic	mucinous adenocarcinomas	Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous		Humans	stomach|ampulla of Vater|colon|lung|breast|ovary	Stomach||Colon|Lung|Breast||	21883895	Some new glycoforms-T/SLe(a)-MUC2, STn/T/SLe(a) SLe(x)-MUC5AC and STn/T/SLe(a)/SLe(x)-MUC6-were identified for the first time in the present study in a variable percentage of cases from different organs.
STn/T/SLe(a)/SLe(x)-MUC6	acquisition of structure	MUC6		MUC6 protein, human|Mucin-6				diagnostic	mucinous adenocarcinomas	Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous		Humans	stomach|ampulla of Vater|colon|lung|breast|ovary	Stomach||Colon|Lung|Breast||	21883895	Some new glycoforms-T/SLe(a)-MUC2, STn/T/SLe(a) SLe(x)-MUC5AC and STn/T/SLe(a)/SLe(x)-MUC6-were identified for the first time in the present study in a variable percentage of cases from different organs.
core 1 based O-linked glycans	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					breast carcinomas	Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental		MUC1 transgenic mice	mammary carcinoma cells	Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental|Cell Line, Tumor	15375543	In these mice, cells expressing core 1 glycans grew significantly faster than cells expressing core 2 glycans.
core 2 glycans	loss of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					breast carcinomas	Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental		MUC1 transgenic mice	mammary carcinoma cells	Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental|Cell Line, Tumor	15375543	suggesting that the loss of at least some core 2 glycans is a very common event in breast carcinogenesis.
NeuNAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----3 (NeuNAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----6) GalNAcOH	increased level	CD43		Leukosialin|SPN protein, human	beta 1----6 N-acetyl-glucosaminyl transferase		Hexosyltransferases		Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome	Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome		Humans	lymphocytes	Lymphocytes	2033371	WAS lymphocyte CD43 was found to carry predominantly the branched structure NeuNAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----3 (NeuNAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----4G1cNAc beta 1----6) GalNAcOH whereas normal lymphocytes carry the structure NeuNAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----3 (NeuNAc alpha 2----6) GalNAcOH.
β-1,4-galactosyltransferases	decreased level							response	SLC39A8 deficiency		high-dose manganese substitution	humans		Humans	28749473	The manganese-dependence of β-1,4-galactosyltransferases leads to secondary hypoglycosylation, making SLC39A8 deficiency both a disorder of trace element metabolism and a congenital disorder of glycosylation.
N-glycans	loss of structure	HIV Envelope Protein gp160		HIV Envelope Protein gp160					HIV-1 acute infection	HIV-1		Humans			15183057	We compared primary env sequences from patients with acute HIV-1 infection.
N-glycans	loss of structure	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1 acute infection	HIV-1		Humans			15183057	We compared primary env sequences from patients with acute HIV-1 infection.
301N-glycan	acquisition of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	virion-associated gp120		8122371	Two clones lacking the 301N-glycan were at least 8-fold more sensitive to neutralization by two V3-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and 2- to 10-fold more sensitive to neutralization by a CD4-binding-site-specific human MAb than two HIV-1 clones glycosylated at this site.
301N-glycan	loss of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	virion-associated gp120		8122371	Two clones lacking the 301N-glycan were at least 8-fold more sensitive to neutralization by two V3-specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and 2- to 10-fold more sensitive to neutralization by a CD4-binding-site-specific human MAb than two HIV-1 clones glycosylated at this site.
mannose	undetermined	mannose binding protein		Lectins, C-Type											7798246	Using comparative computer modeling and inverse folding calculations, we have generated and analyzed a detailed three-dimensional model of the extracellular domain of CD69 based on the crystal structure of the mannose binding protein.
O-glycan α-2,6-sialylation	altered level	Matrix Metalloproteinase 3		MMP3 protein, human|Matrix Metalloproteinase 3				diagnostic	Rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		Humans	Serum		27209430	Differences in the degree of serum MMP-3 α-2,6-sialylation may be a useful index for estimating disease activity.
O-glycan α-2,6-sialylation	altered level	Matrix Metalloproteinase 3		MMP3 protein, human|Matrix Metalloproteinase 3				diagnostic	Osteoarthritis			Humans	Synovial fluid	Synovial Fluid	27209430	Furthermore, MMP-3, which generated a high ACG/Jacalin score, accumulated in synovial fluid of patients with RA but not in that of patients with OA.
Fucosylated structures	increased level	GP73		GOLM1 protein, human				diagnostic	Liver cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		26342810	Fucosylated structures were found to increase significantly in LC compared with HCC patients.
Fucosylated structures	decreased level	GP73		GOLM1 protein, human				diagnostic	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		26342810	Fucosylated structures were found to increase significantly in LC compared with HCC patients.
O-glycosylation	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1					cancer						25303614	Anti-MUC1 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are powerful tools that can be used to recognize cancer-related MUC1 molecules, the O-glycosylation status of which is believed to affect binding affinity.
N-glycoproteins	altered level							diagnostic	rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid	joint removing	Humans	immune cells	Humans	30729266	In this study, we present an integrated proteomics and glycoproteomics approach to uncover the pathological changes of some RA-related glyco-biomarkers and glyco-checkpoints involved in the RA onset.
sialyl-TF	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					adenolymphomas of the parotid (Warthin's tumours)	Adenolymphoma|Parotid Neoplasms		Humans	columnar and basal cells		11405064	Among carbohydrate epitopes, sialyl-TF, sialyl-Le(x), sialyl-dimeric Le(x) and Tn were expressed on both columnar and basal cells (the s-TF3 isomer on columnar cells only).
sialyl-Le(x)	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					adenolymphomas of the parotid (Warthin's tumours)	Adenolymphoma|Parotid Neoplasms		Humans	columnar and basal cells		11405064	Among carbohydrate epitopes, sialyl-TF, sialyl-Le(x), sialyl-dimeric Le(x) and Tn were expressed on both columnar and basal cells (the s-TF3 isomer on columnar cells only).
sialyl-dimeric Le(x)	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					adenolymphomas of the parotid (Warthin's tumours)	Adenolymphoma|Parotid Neoplasms		Humans	columnar and basal cells		11405064	Among carbohydrate epitopes, sialyl-TF, sialyl-Le(x), sialyl-dimeric Le(x) and Tn were expressed on both columnar and basal cells (the s-TF3 isomer on columnar cells only).
Tn	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					adenolymphomas of the parotid (Warthin's tumours)	Adenolymphoma|Parotid Neoplasms		Humans	columnar and basal cells		11405064	Among carbohydrate epitopes, sialyl-TF, sialyl-Le(x), sialyl-dimeric Le(x) and Tn were expressed on both columnar and basal cells (the s-TF3 isomer on columnar cells only).
N-glycan	altered level							diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	plasma	Humans	26347193	Aberrant glycosylation by OVC has been reported, but studies have yet to identify an N-glycan with sufficiently high specificity.
PNA binding	increased level							diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	rectal secretions	Rectum	9111136	Examination of rectal secretions from various cancer patients showed significantly increased PNA binding, as well as an increased PNA/DBA binding ratio, in patients with colorectal cancer (p<3x10(-3)) and, unexpectedly, in patients with other cancers (p<5x10(-3)).
PNA/DBA binding ratio	increased ratio							diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	rectal secretions	Rectum	9111136	Examination of rectal secretions from various cancer patients showed significantly increased PNA binding, as well as an increased PNA/DBA binding ratio, in patients with colorectal cancer (p<3x10(-3)) and, unexpectedly, in patients with other cancers (p<5x10(-3)).
A2BG2	increased level	fibrinogen		Fibrinogen				prognostic	end-stage renal disease	Kidney Failure, Chronic	peritoneal dialysis	Humans	plasma		32784866	Compared to healthy controls, fibrinogen from patients had increased levels of A2BG2 and decreased levels of FA2 glycan.
FA2	decreased level	fibrinogen		Fibrinogen				prognostic	end-stage renal disease	Kidney Failure, Chronic	peritoneal dialysis	Humans	plasma		32784866	Compared to healthy controls, fibrinogen from patients had increased levels of A2BG2 and decreased levels of FA2 glycan.
sialic acid	altered level	DPP IV		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4								Human	seminal plasma	Semen	9252108	Charge differences arise primarily from different degrees of glycosylation containing various amounts of sialic acid.
glycan chains	altered level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins					Liver Neoplasms, Experimental	Liver Neoplasms, Experimental		Rats	Ascitic Fluid	Ascitic Fluid	1712724	Stepwise deglycosylations of proteins and radiolabeling of the sugars indicated that the number of such chains per molecule is two and one for the slow and fast variants, respectively.
sugar moiety	altered level	carcinoembryonic antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen											1700862	Using the various modifications of the sugar moiety and the protein portion, antigenic determinants of CEA are shown to possess the main conformational character of the molecule while participation of the sugars in the formation and orientation of the carbohydrate chains relative to the protein core of the antigen appear to be important.
carcinoembryonic antigen	unaltered level	carcinoembryonic antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen					tumor			mouse	colon tissue		2702644	Furthermore, a CEA-like protein, immunoprecipitable with a rabbit polyclonal serum raised against human CEA, has been detected in adult murine colon tissue.
Glycosylation	undetermined							prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast tumour and normal tissues	Breast	32707597	The aim of this study was to discover new potential biomarkers of breast cancer and investigate their cellular functions.
glycation	increased level	blood plasma proteins		Blood Proteins				diagnostic	Type 2 diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	blood plasma	Blood Proteins	31083443	Therefore, here, we address the patterns of glycation sites in highly-abundant blood plasma proteins of T2DM patients and corresponding age- and gender-matched controls by comprehensive liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).
protein glycation	increased level			Arabidopsis Proteins				monitoring	oxidative stress	Oxidative Stress		Arabidopsis	leaves	Plant Leaves	19392687	Short-term excess light exposure, which promoted oxidative stress, led to increased protein glycation, specifically by glyoxal.
transferrin	altered level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	congenital disorders of glycosylation	Carbohydrate Metabolism, Inborn Errors		humans	serum		15841907	A common isoelectric focusing method with immunofixation was used for analysis of serum transferrin and alpha1-antitrypsin, apart from several other procedures.
alpha1-antitrypsin	altered level	alpha1-antitrypsin		alpha 1-Antitrypsin				diagnostic	congenital disorders of glycosylation	Carbohydrate Metabolism, Inborn Errors		humans	serum		15841907	A common isoelectric focusing method with immunofixation was used for analysis of serum transferrin and alpha1-antitrypsin, apart from several other procedures.
Globo-H	acquisition of structure								tumor	Antigens, Neoplasm|Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					12227795	The tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens Globo-H, SSEA-3, and Gb3 were synthesized in a linear fashion using glycosyl phosphate monosaccharide building blocks.
SSEA-3	acquisition of structure								tumor	Antigens, Neoplasm|Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					12227795	The tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens Globo-H, SSEA-3, and Gb3 were synthesized in a linear fashion using glycosyl phosphate monosaccharide building blocks.
Gb3	acquisition of structure								tumor	Antigens, Neoplasm|Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					12227795	The tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens Globo-H, SSEA-3, and Gb3 were synthesized in a linear fashion using glycosyl phosphate monosaccharide building blocks.
N-glycans	altered level	plasma proteins			MGAT5		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		variation within the human plasma N-glycome			Humans	plasma		21908519	Using a recently developed high-throughput high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis method, we have reported, in a pilot genome-wide association study of 13 glycan features in 2705 individuals from three European populations, that polymorphisms at three loci (FUT8, FUT6/FUT3 and HNF1A) affect plasma levels of N-glycans.
N-glycans	altered level	plasma proteins			B3GAT1		galactosylgalactoylxylosylprotein 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase|Glucuronosyltransferase		variation within the human plasma N-glycome			Humans	plasma		21908519	In contrast, neither B3GAT1 (rs7928758, P = 1.66 × 10(-08)) nor SLC9A9 (rs4839604, P = 3.50 × 10(-13)) had previously been associated functionally with glycosylation of plasma proteins.
N-glycans	altered level	plasma proteins			SLC9A9		SLC9A9 protein, human|Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers		variation within the human plasma N-glycome			Humans	plasma		21908519	In contrast, neither B3GAT1 (rs7928758, P = 1.66 × 10(-08)) nor SLC9A9 (rs4839604, P = 3.50 × 10(-13)) had previously been associated functionally with glycosylation of plasma proteins.
sulfated type 2 carbohydrate chains	undetermined				keratanase II		keratanase II		tumor		cancer vaccines				27400395	Sulfated type 2 carbohydrate chains are known tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs).
glycosylation	altered level	CD2		CD2 Antigens					immune recognition			Human	T lymphocytes|natural killer cells	Humans|	25984915	Human CD2 is a transmembrane cell surface glycoprotein found on T lymphocytes and natural killer cells and plays important roles in immune recognition.
glycosylated Siglec-6	increased level	Siglec-6		SIGLEC6 protein, human					Preeclampsia	Pre-Eclampsia		Human	syncytiotrophoblast-derived extracellular vesicles	Extracellular Vesicles	32998819	Our data shows that the inability to detect Siglec-6 in circulation might be due to the placenta secreting STBEV carrying a modified glycosylated form of Siglec-6 with a 70 KDa molecular weight, significantly and uniquely upregulated in PE STBEV.
glycosylated hemoglobin	increased level							diagnostic	diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus		Humans		Humans	17456828	Based upon diabetic diagnostic codes alone, we observed a false positive case rate ranging from 3.0% (in subjects with the highest glycosylated hemoglobin values) to 44.4% (in subjects with the lowest glycosylated hemoglobin values).
glycosylated rhG-CSF	altered level										priming with glycosylated or non-glycosylated rhG-CSF	Humans	Bone Marrow Cells|Peripheral Blood	Bone Marrow Cells|	10467338	Flow cytometry comparison of CD34+ subsets in bone marrow and peripheral blood after priming with glycosylated or non-glycosylated rhG-CSF.
alpha GalNAc	undetermined	MUC1		Mucin-1					tumour			Humans			9801825	The glycodecapeptide AcPAPGS(alpha GalNAc)T(alpha GalNAc)APPA and the C-terminal glycohexapeptide AcS(alpha GalNAc)T(alpha GalNAc)APPA have been synthesized by applying the N-terminal Fmoc group in combination with the heptyl ester cleavable by lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis at pH 7.
Glycated Hemoglobin A	increased level			Glycated Hemoglobin A				prognostic	coronary artery disease	Coronary Artery Disease		Humans			28445316	In nondiabetic patients with CAD, a high HbA1c level was associated with a higher rate of long-term death (odds ratio 1.76, 95% confidence interval 1.44-2.16, P < .001), and myocardial infarction (MI, odds ratio 1.69, 95% confidence interval 1.07-2.67, P = .026), but not a higher rate of early deaths (odds ratio 1.08, 95% confidence interval 0.92-1.27, P = .359).
Glycosylation	undetermined	Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1		Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1					Pathogen infection			Humans	Endothelia cells		27958302	Cell adhesion involved in signal transduction, tissue integrity and pathogen infection is mainly mediated by cell adhesion molecules (CAM).
glycosylated signaling molecules	altered level								biotic stress			Nicotiana tabacum	cell suspensions	Nicotiana	27956183	The results show time-dependent dynamic changes and accumulation of glycosylated signaling molecules, specifically those of azelaic acid, salicylic acid and methyl-salicylate as contributors to the altered metabolomic state in LPS-treated cells.
fucosylated epitopes	increased level							diagnostic	rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Juvenile		human	synovial fluid	Synovial Fluid	17417997	Fucose content was elevated in all patient groups and almost all bands, comparing to TK.
fucosylated epitopes	increased level							diagnostic	juvenile arthritis	Arthritis, Juvenile		human	synovial fluid	Synovial Fluid	17417997	Fucose content was elevated in all patient groups and almost all bands, comparing to TK.
fucosylated epitopes	increased level							diagnostic	gonarthrosis			human	synovial fluid	Synovial Fluid	17417997	Fucose content was elevated in all patient groups and almost all bands, comparing to TK.
fucosylated epitopes	increased level							diagnostic	reactive arthritis	Arthritis, Reactive		human	synovial fluid	Synovial Fluid	17417997	Fucose content was elevated in all patient groups and almost all bands, comparing to TK.
O-linked oligosaccharides	unaltered level	E2		Sialoglycoproteins					rosette phenomenon			Humans	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	2789140	The studies reported here show striking patterns on the glycosylation status of E2.
N-glycosylation	undetermined	Alpha-fetoprotein		AFP protein, human				diagnostic	liver cancer			Human	serum	Humans	38678117	Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), a serum glycoprotein, is expressed during embryonic development and the pathogenesis of liver cancer.
N-glycosylation	altered level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid	CSF	38549029	The method has been successfully adopted to analyze CSF samples from healthy donors, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients to provide a landscape of peptidome in different disease states.
O-glycosylation	altered level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid	CSF	38549029	The method has been successfully adopted to analyze CSF samples from healthy donors, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients to provide a landscape of peptidome in different disease states.
soluble junctional adhesion molecule-A	unaltered level			Junctional Adhesion Molecules				diagnostic	multiple sclerosis			human	serum		21060661	Accordingly, serum levels of sJAM-A were unaltered in 14 patients with clinically active multiple sclerosis compared to 45 stable patients and remained unchanged in 13 patients with acute ischemic non-small vessel stroke over time.
soluble junctional adhesion molecule-A	unaltered level			Junctional Adhesion Molecules				diagnostic	acute ischemic non-small vessel stroke			human	serum		21060661	Accordingly, serum levels of sJAM-A were unaltered in 14 patients with clinically active multiple sclerosis compared to 45 stable patients and remained unchanged in 13 patients with acute ischemic non-small vessel stroke over time.
Tn (GalNAc)	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					neoplastic breast tissue				breast tissue		12146959	However, in neoplastic breast tissue, the extracellular domain is underglycosylated, resulting in the exposure of a highly immunogenic core peptide epitope (PDTRP in bold above) as well as the normally cryptic core Tn (GalNAc), STn (sialyl alpha2-6 GalNAc), and TF (Gal beta1-3 GalNAc) carbohydrates.
STn (sialyl alpha2-6 GalNAc)	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					neoplastic breast tissue				breast tissue		12146959	However, in neoplastic breast tissue, the extracellular domain is underglycosylated, resulting in the exposure of a highly immunogenic core peptide epitope (PDTRP in bold above) as well as the normally cryptic core Tn (GalNAc), STn (sialyl alpha2-6 GalNAc), and TF (Gal beta1-3 GalNAc) carbohydrates.
TF (Gal beta1-3 GalNAc)	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					neoplastic breast tissue				breast tissue		12146959	However, in neoplastic breast tissue, the extracellular domain is underglycosylated, resulting in the exposure of a highly immunogenic core peptide epitope (PDTRP in bold above) as well as the normally cryptic core Tn (GalNAc), STn (sialyl alpha2-6 GalNAc), and TF (Gal beta1-3 GalNAc) carbohydrates.
Fructosamine	undetermined							monitoring	Diabetes Mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus		Humans		Humans	11469265	
carboxyethyl-lysine	decreased level							predictive	diabetes			human	subcutaneous adipose tissue	Adipose Tissue	31112015	Additionally, it was observed that individuals with diabetes presented lower levels of CEL and 2SC in subcutaneous AT (P = 0.0266 and P = 0.0316, respectively) compared with individuals without diabetes.
2-succinocystein	decreased level							predictive	diabetes			human	subcutaneous adipose tissue	Adipose Tissue	31112015	Additionally, it was observed that individuals with diabetes presented lower levels of CEL and 2SC in subcutaneous AT (P = 0.0266 and P = 0.0316, respectively) compared with individuals without diabetes.
O-GlcNAcylation	altered level								diabetes			Humans	urine		28411811	Dysregulation of cellular O-GlcNAcylated levels contributes to the etiologies of many diseases such as diabetes, neurodegenerative disease and cancer.
O-GlcNAcylation	altered level								neurodegenerative disease			Humans	urine		28411811	Dysregulation of cellular O-GlcNAcylated levels contributes to the etiologies of many diseases such as diabetes, neurodegenerative disease and cancer.
O-GlcNAcylation	altered level								cancer			Humans	urine		28411811	Dysregulation of cellular O-GlcNAcylated levels contributes to the etiologies of many diseases such as diabetes, neurodegenerative disease and cancer.
NeuAc-Gal-GlcNAc2	acquisition of structure				chitobiosyldiphosphodolichol beta-mannosyltransferase	ALG1	Mannosyltransferases	diagnostic	ALG1-CDG	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		Humans			26931382	The recently identified protein-linked xeno-tetrasaccharide biomarker, NeuAc-Gal-GlcNAc2 , was seen in all 27 patients tested.
sialyl LewisX	acquisition of structure	beta-trace protein		Beta-Globulins|Glycoproteins|Lipocalins	alpha1,3/4-fucosyltransferases		Fucosyltransferases					Cricetinae	BHK-21 cells	Cells, Cultured	9812995	All fucosyltransferases were found to peripherally fucosylate 19-52% of the diantennary beta-TP N-glycans, and all enzymes were capable of synthesizing the sialyl LewisX (sLex) motif.
LewisX	acquisition of structure	beta-trace protein		Beta-Globulins|Glycoproteins|Lipocalins	alpha1,3/4-fucosyltransferases		Fucosyltransferases					Cricetinae	BHK-21 cells	Cells, Cultured	9812995	However, each enzyme produced its own characteristic ratio of sLex/Lex antennae as follows: FT7 (only sLex), FT3 (14:1), FT5 (3:1), FT6 (1.1:1), and FT4 (1:7).
Tn antigen	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	serum		32672464	The suitability of sp2-iminosugar glycopeptides to detect anti-MUC1 antibodies was demonstrated, and serological experiments showed stage I breast cancer autoantibodies binding with a specific unnatural glycopeptide with almost no healthy serum interaction.
glycosylation	altered level								cancer			human	serum|tissue cells	Humans|Cell Line, Tumor	19241043	The alteration of these modifications in cancer cells is closely related to the onset and progression of cancer and other disease states.
bi-antennary structures	increased ratio							diagnostic	eIF2B-related disorders			Humans	Cerebrospinal Fluid	Cerebrospinal Fluid	22952606	In CSF, but not in plasma, of eIF2B-mutated patient samples, we found increased relative intensity of bi-antennary structures and decreased tri-antennary/bisecting structures in N-glycan profiles.
tri-antennary/bisecting structures	decreased ratio							diagnostic	eIF2B-related disorders			Humans	Cerebrospinal Fluid	Cerebrospinal Fluid	22952606	In CSF, but not in plasma, of eIF2B-mutated patient samples, we found increased relative intensity of bi-antennary structures and decreased tri-antennary/bisecting structures in N-glycan profiles.
Core 1-derived mucin-type O-glycans	loss of structure	Muc5AC		Mucins				risk	spontaneous gastritis	Gastritis		mice	gastric epithelium	Gastric Mucosa	31645367	GEC C1galt1-/- mice exhibited spontaneous gastritis that progressed to adenocarcinoma with ∼80% penetrance by 1 yr.
Core 1-derived mucin-type O-glycans	loss of structure	Muc5AC		Mucins				risk	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		mice	gastric epithelium	Gastric Mucosa	31645367	GEC C1galt1-/- mice exhibited spontaneous gastritis that progressed to adenocarcinoma with ∼80% penetrance by 1 yr.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure			Tn antigen				risk	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	gastric epithelium	Gastric Mucosa	31645367	Notably, expression of Tn antigen, a truncated form of O-glycan, and CASP1 activation was associated with tumor progression in gastric cancer patients.
N-glycans	increased level	recombinant human acetylcholinesterase		Acetylcholinesterase	beta-galactoside alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase		Sialyltransferases|beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase		increased circulatory retention			Human	HEK-293 cells	Cell Line	9841877	Genetically modified sialylated rHuAChE exhibited increased circulatory retention (the slow-phase half-life, t12beta, was 130 min, compared with 80 min for the undersialylated enzyme).
sulfated N-glycans	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		human	IgG	Immunoglobulin G	28931878	We discover 20 sulfated and 4 acetylated N-glycans on IgGs.
acetylated N-glycans	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		human	IgG	Immunoglobulin G	28931878	We discover 20 sulfated and 4 acetylated N-glycans on IgGs.
sialylated Thomsen-Friedenreich antigens	undetermined	fetuin		Fetuins					cancer				polyacrylamide gels	Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel	23775548	The identification of sialylated Thomsen-Friedenreich antigens in proteins poses much interest in the context of cancer research.
sialylated Thomsen-Friedenreich antigens	undetermined	plasminogen							cancer				polyacrylamide gels	Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel	23775548	The identification of sialylated Thomsen-Friedenreich antigens in proteins poses much interest in the context of cancer research.
non-sulfated HNK-1 glyco-epitope	increased level	α-Klotho		Klotho Proteins	β-glucuronidase		Glucuronidase		aging			mouse	kidney	Kidney	24723043	Here we found increased levels of the non-sulfated HNK-1 glyco-epitope in the kidneys of α-Klotho mice.
high-mannose N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial|Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		23889230	A value named GLYCOV was calculated from the relative areas of the 11 N-glycan biomarkers revealed by SPSS statistical analyses, namely four high-mannose and seven complex-type fucosylated N-glycans.
complex-type fucosylated N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial|Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		23889230	A value named GLYCOV was calculated from the relative areas of the 11 N-glycan biomarkers revealed by SPSS statistical analyses, namely four high-mannose and seven complex-type fucosylated N-glycans.
serum fucosylation	decreased level							diagnostic	immune thrombocytopenia	Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic		Humans	serum		34957618	6 of 12 serum N-glycan peaks, 6 of 7 IgG N-glycan peaks, serum fucosylation, and IgG galactosylation were significantly different between ITP patients and healthy controls (p < 0.05).
IgG galactosylation	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	immune thrombocytopenia	Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic		Humans	serum		34957618	6 of 12 serum N-glycan peaks, 6 of 7 IgG N-glycan peaks, serum fucosylation, and IgG galactosylation were significantly different between ITP patients and healthy controls (p < 0.05).
IgG peak 7	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	immune thrombocytopenia	Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic		Humans	serum		34957618	IgG peak 7 showed good diagnostic efficacy for discriminating ITP patients from healthy individuals (AUC 0.967).
PNA-specific glycans	decreased level	CD8		CD8 Antigens				diagnostic	T cell differentiation	Cell Differentiation		Mice	thymocytes	Thymus Gland	8760831	Our data demonstrate that PNA-specific glycans are localized on a relatively small subset of thymocyte surface proteins, several of which were specifically identified, including CD43, CD45, and suprisingly, CD8 molecules.
truncated precursor glycan structures	acquisition of structure				ALG11		ALG11 protein, human|Mannosyltransferases		ALG11-Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		Humans	fibroblasts		30676690	Their fibroblasts synthesized truncated precursor glycan structures, consistent with ALG11-CDG, while also showing hypoglycosylation of a novel biomarker, GP130.
transferrin glycosylation profile	unaltered level	transferrin			ALG11		ALG11 protein, human|Mannosyltransferases		ALG11-Congenital Disorder of Glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		Humans			30676690	Surprisingly, one patient presented with normal transferrin glycosylation profile, a feature that has not been reported previously in patients with ALG11-CDG.
oligo-mannose oligosaccharides	increased level	Thy-1		Thy-1 Antigens								Chinese hamster	Chinese hamster ovary cells	CHO Cells	10561463	The GPI anchored form appeared less processed with almost 4-fold more oligo-mannose oligosaccharides than in sThy-1 and also with less sialylated and core fucosylated biantennary glycans.
sialylated and core fucosylated biantennary glycans	decreased level	Thy-1		Thy-1 Antigens								Chinese hamster	Chinese hamster ovary cells	CHO Cells	10561463	The GPI anchored form appeared less processed with almost 4-fold more oligo-mannose oligosaccharides than in sThy-1 and also with less sialylated and core fucosylated biantennary glycans.
triantennary glycan with two fucoses	altered level	human alpha-acid glycoprotein		Neoplasm Proteins				diagnostic	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal		Humans	serum		30641231	The analysis of intact and desialylated glycan isomers in combination with the multivariate data analysis revealed that the triantennary glycan with two fucoses of hAGP could have in the future a relevant role in the differentiation of patients with PDAC from those with ChrP.
glycan isomers with α2-6 linked sialic acids	altered level	human alpha-acid glycoprotein		Neoplasm Proteins				diagnostic	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal		Humans	serum		30641231	Seven intact glycan isomers with α2-6 linked sialic acids, five of them also fucosylated, were the most meaningful to distinguish between PDAC and ChrP patients.
glycan isomers with α2-6 linked sialic acids	altered level	human alpha-acid glycoprotein		Neoplasm Proteins				diagnostic	chronic pancreatitis	Pancreatitis, Chronic		Humans	serum		30641231	Seven intact glycan isomers with α2-6 linked sialic acids, five of them also fucosylated, were the most meaningful to distinguish between PDAC and ChrP patients.
triantennary glycan with two fucoses	altered level	human alpha-acid glycoprotein		Neoplasm Proteins				diagnostic	chronic pancreatitis	Pancreatitis, Chronic		Humans	serum		30641231	The obtained results reveal that the triantennary glycan with two fucoses could have a great biomarker potential as it was relevant to differentiate PDAC and chronic pancreatitis (ChrP) patients.
N-linked glycans	altered level	therapeutic proteins		Glycoproteins	α2,6-sialyltransferase		Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human|beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase		numerous diseases						31281932	Therapeutic efficacy and serum half-life are particularly important, and these properties rely heavily on the glycosylation state of the protein.
protein glycosylation	increased level								Cadmium toxicity	Cadmium	Solanum torvum aqueous extract (STAe)	Rats	liver	Liver	26762936	The activities of serum marker enzymes were increased (40-60 %); antioxidant enzymes such as SOD and CAT, GSH, and its metabolic enzyme activities were decreased (50-80 %) in the liver and kidney upon Cd intoxication.
protein glycosylation	increased level								Cadmium toxicity	Cadmium	Solanum torvum aqueous extract (STAe)	Rats	kidney	Kidney	26762936	The activities of serum marker enzymes were increased (40-60 %); antioxidant enzymes such as SOD and CAT, GSH, and its metabolic enzyme activities were decreased (50-80 %) in the liver and kidney upon Cd intoxication.
carbohydrate-deficient transferrin	altered level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	heavy drinking	Alcoholism		human	serum		18590715	Measurement of the alcohol-induced change of the serum transferrin glycoform pattern, carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT), is used as a biomarker for heavy drinking.
glycosyl modification	altered level	Squamous cell carcinoma antigen		squamous cell carcinoma-related antigen				diagnostic	squamous cell carcinoma			Humans			27363218	It may be suspected that the aberrant glycosyl modification of SCCA influenced the reactivity to immunoassays.
N-glycosylation	altered level	CD97		ADGRE5 protein, human					genetic disorders			human	leukocyte		19737555	Although defects in GPS auto-proteolysis have been linked to genetic disorders, information on its regulation remains elusive.
High-mannose-type oligosaccharides	acquisition of structure	Thy-1		Thy-1 Antigens								Rat	Brain	Brain Chemistry	16257296	High-mannose-type, complex-type, and hybrid-type oligosaccharides were all found to be attached to Asn23, 74 and 98, and four GPI structures could be characterized.
complex-type oligosaccharides	acquisition of structure	Thy-1		Thy-1 Antigens								Rat	Brain	Brain Chemistry	16257296	High-mannose-type, complex-type, and hybrid-type oligosaccharides were all found to be attached to Asn23, 74 and 98, and four GPI structures could be characterized.
hybrid-type oligosaccharides	acquisition of structure	Thy-1		Thy-1 Antigens								Rat	Brain	Brain Chemistry	16257296	High-mannose-type, complex-type, and hybrid-type oligosaccharides were all found to be attached to Asn23, 74 and 98, and four GPI structures could be characterized.
N-linked carbohydrates	altered level	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					type 1 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1)	HIV-1		Humans		Humans	9933605	Sources of likely conformational heterogeneity such as N-linked carbohydrates, flexible or mobile N and C termini, and variable internal loops were reduced or eliminated, and ligands such as CD4 and antigen-binding fragments (Fabs) of monoclonal antibodies were used to restrict conformational mobility as well as to alter the crystallization surface.
glycosylation	altered level								ulcerative colitis	Colitis, Ulcerative		Humans	epithelial cells		32015012	The results by Kvorjak and colleagues unveil a novel circuit whereby altered glycosylation in epithelial cells promotes the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis and colitis-associated colon cancer, via the production of IL13 and CCL17 by M2-polarized macrophages.
glycosylation	altered level								colitis-associated colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	epithelial cells		32015012	The results by Kvorjak and colleagues unveil a novel circuit whereby altered glycosylation in epithelial cells promotes the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis and colitis-associated colon cancer, via the production of IL13 and CCL17 by M2-polarized macrophages.
Man6P	unaltered level	p76		mannose-6-phosphate protein p76, human								Mouse	liver	Liver	17105447	Most soluble lysosomal proteins carry Man6P (mannose 6-phosphate), a specific carbohydrate marker that enables their binding to cellular MPRs (Man6P receptors) and their subsequent targeting towards the lysosome.
N-glycosylation	decreased level	VE-cadherin		cadherin 5	N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|alpha-1,6-mannosylglycoprotein beta 1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		atherosclerosis			Humans	EA.hy926 cells		34117813	Monocyte adhesion is a crucial step in the initial stage of atherosclerosis, and dysfunction of VE-cadherin has been reported to be involved in this process.
sialylation	decreased level	VE-cadherin		cadherin 5					atherosclerosis			Humans	EA.hy926 cells		34117813	Our group previously found that VE-cadherin and its binding protein, β-catenin, were modified by sialylation, and the levels of sialylation were decreased in pro-inflammatory cytokine-treated human umbilical vein EA.hy926 cells.
O-GlcNAcylation	altered level								osteoarthritis	Osteoarthritis		Human	cartilage	Cartilage	34298867	Although O-GlcNAcylation represents a protective regulatory mechanism in cellular processes, it has been associated with degenerative diseases, including osteoarthritis (OA).
glycated RBP	altered level	Retinol binding protein		Retinol-Binding Proteins|Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma				monitoring	diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	blood		2134212	These data suggest that measurement of non-enzymatically glycated RBP may be a useful tool to evaluate the short term state of non enzymatic glycation in diabetes.
TAG-72	unaltered level	mucin		Glycoproteins					carcinoma	Antigens, Neoplasm		human	mammary and other carcinoma cells		3180090	Human mammary and other carcinoma cells secrete and express on their cell surfaces complex, mucin-like glycoproteins (Mr greater than 10(6] that are recognized as tumor-associated antigens by a variety of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs).
glycosylated	altered level	T-cell engaging bispecific antibodies		Antibodies, Bispecific							T-cell engaging bispecific antibodies (TCBs) targeting CD3 and tumor-specific antigens are very promising therapeutic modalities.				36638115	Our method enabled functional distinction of relevant deamidated and glycosylated proteoforms and the simultaneous assessment of product-related variants such as TCB mispairings.
sialyl Lewis X	undetermined	E-selectin		E-Selectin											20078087	We selected the complex of E-selectin with sialyl Lewis X (denoted E-selectin/SLe(x) complex) as a first target molecule.
O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine	decreased level							monitoring|response	cryptorchidism	Cryptorchidism	trans-resveratrol treatment	mice	testes	Testis	33602390	Immunoblot analysis showed that total testicular protein O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine glycosylation was related to spermatogenesis arrest, further indicating a decrease in UDP-GlcNAc in the cryptorchid group.
O-glycosylated clusterin	increased level	clusterin		Clusterin				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		33347638	It was found that the ACA- and MPA-recognizable clusterin was more enriched in patients' sera from prostate cancer compared with those from benign prostatic diseases.
O-glycosylated clusterin	unaltered level	clusterin		Clusterin					benign prostatic diseases			Humans	serum		33347638	It was found that the ACA- and MPA-recognizable clusterin was more enriched in patients' sera from prostate cancer compared with those from benign prostatic diseases.
biantennary N-linked glycans	increased level	prostate specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer			human	tissues and cell lines	Humans	23764502	PSA is used as a tumor marker for prostate cancer, with increasing blood levels used to distinguish between normal and cancer states.
N-linked glycans	unaltered level	SIV envelope glycoprotein (gp140)		Viral Envelope Proteins					Simian Immunodeficiency Virus	Simian Immunodeficiency Virus			CD4+ cells	Cell Line	8427576	Interestingly, the fact that deglycosylated SIV gp140 as its native form bound significantly and specifically to CD4 receptor indicates that oligosaccharides of SIV gp140 are not required for the gp-CD4 interaction.
glycomics	undetermined							diagnostic|prognostic	chronic low back pain	Low Back Pain		Humans	Blood		27798002	Therefore, any data that may be obtained at the '-omics' level (glycomics, Activomics and genome-wide association studies-GWAS) may be helpful to use as dynamic biomarkers for elucidating CLBP pathogenesis and may ultimately provide prognostic information too.
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		33119808	Potential N- and O-glycans as biomarkers were identified and possible carriers of these glycans are shortly discussed.
O-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		33119808	Potential N- and O-glycans as biomarkers were identified and possible carriers of these glycans are shortly discussed.
bisecting GlcNAc	increased level	IgG1		Immunoglobulin G					multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid		26683050	Specifically, in CSF from the MS group, bisecting GlcNAc were elevated, and afucosylation and galactosylation were reduced.
afucosylation	decreased level	IgG1		Immunoglobulin G					multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid		26683050	Specifically, in CSF from the MS group, bisecting GlcNAc were elevated, and afucosylation and galactosylation were reduced.
galactosylation	decreased level	IgG1		Immunoglobulin G					multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid		26683050	Specifically, in CSF from the MS group, bisecting GlcNAc were elevated, and afucosylation and galactosylation were reduced.
Fc-glycan	increased level	trastuzumab		Trastuzumab				response	ADCC potency			Humans	Cell Line	Cell Line	27620140	This approach facilitates quantitative determination of total Fc-glycan core-afucosylation, which was in turn correlated with receptor binding affinity by surface plasmon resonance and in vitro ADCC potency with a cell based bioassay.
sialylated core 1 O-glycans	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1	polypeptide-GalNAc-T4 transferase		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases					CHO-K1 cells	CHO-K1 cells	COS Cells	15456735	Coexpression of the human polypeptide-GalNAc-T4 transferase with MUC1(1.7TR)-IgG2a increased the glycan occupancy at Thr in PDTR, Ser in VTSA, and Ser in GSTA, supporting the function of GalNAc-T4 proposed from previous in vitro studies.
MUC1	acquisition of structure	Mucin-1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	Colorectal Neoplasms	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	colorectal epithelia	Intestinal Mucosa	9358856	During tumorigenesis in the colon, MUC1 became recognizable without periodate treatment concomitantly with highly dysplastic lesions and the malignant state.
MUC3	acquisition of structure	Mucin-3		Mucin-3				diagnostic	Colorectal Neoplasms	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	colorectal tissues	Intestinal Mucosa	9358856	MUC3 was detectable in normal and neoplastic colorectal tissues and was more intensely stained after periodate oxidation.
MUC1	acquisition of structure	Mucin-1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	Breast Neoplasms	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast epithelium	Epithelium	9358856	In the breast, in which MUC1 is detectable with most antibodies in normal epithelium as well as in carcinomas, staining could be enhanced by pretreatment with periodate and casually by enzyme treatments.
MUC3	acquisition of structure	Mucin-3		Mucin-3				diagnostic	Breast Neoplasms	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast carcinomas	Breast	9358856	It was absent in normal breast even after pretreatment but was expressed in seven of 20 breast carcinomas.
N-glycan oligosaccharides	altered level	alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic|predictive	lymphoma	Lymphoma		human	serum		18617146	N-glycan oligosaccharides of human serum alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein (AGP) samples isolated from 43 individuals (healthy individuals and patients with lymphoma and with ovarian tumor) were analyzed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and a multivariate statistical method (linear discriminant analysis, LDA).
N-glycan oligosaccharides	altered level	alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic|predictive	ovarian tumor	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	serum		18617146	N-glycan oligosaccharides of human serum alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein (AGP) samples isolated from 43 individuals (healthy individuals and patients with lymphoma and with ovarian tumor) were analyzed by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and a multivariate statistical method (linear discriminant analysis, LDA).
N-linked glycans	altered level	EWI-2		IGSF8 protein, human					tumor progression	Cell Line, Tumor		mammalian	exosome/microvesicle	Exosomes	25261472	Furthermore, we show that genetic manipulation of the glycosylation levels of a specific EMV glycoprotein, EWI-2, directly impacts its recruitment as a function of N-linked glycan sites.
N-glycans	unaltered level	alpha-1-antitrypsin		alpha 1-Antitrypsin	ST6GAL1		ST6GAL1 protein, human		A1AT deficiency			Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	30513349	Recombinantly produced A1AT and C1INH (rhA1AT, rhC1INH) decorated with humanized N-glycans are therefore of clinical and commercial interest.
N-glycans	unaltered level	C1 esterase inhibitor		Complement C1 Inhibitor Protein	ST6GAL1		ST6GAL1 protein, human		C1INH deficiency			Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	30513349	Recombinantly produced A1AT and C1INH (rhA1AT, rhC1INH) decorated with humanized N-glycans are therefore of clinical and commercial interest.
sialylation	loss of structure	DPP IV		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4								Mouse	MDCK cells|Caco-2 cells	Dogs|Tumor Cells, Cultured	10912800	Neuraminidase digestion showed that the most striking effect of BGN was a blockade of DPP IV sialylation in both MDCK and Caco-2 cells.
fucosylated paucimannose [Man(2-3)(Fuc(1-2)GlcNAc(2)-peptide] type N-glycans	undetermined	120 kDa aminopeptidase N		CD13 Antigens					Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ac toxin binding	Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins		Manduca sexta	120 kDa aminopeptidase N	CD13 Antigens	14976987	The data indicate that in the average APN molecule, 2 of 4 possible N-glycosylation sites are occupied with fucosylated paucimannose [Man(2-3)(Fuc(1-2)GlcNAc(2)-peptide] type N-glycans.
[GalNAc-peptide] type O-glycans	undetermined	120 kDa aminopeptidase N		CD13 Antigens					Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ac toxin binding	Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins		Manduca sexta	120 kDa aminopeptidase N	CD13 Antigens	14976987	It is likely that 5-6 of the 13 sites are occupied, probably with simple [GalNAc-peptide] type O-glycans.
glycan moieties	altered level							diagnostic	Prostatic Neoplasms	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	urinary EVs	Urine|Extracellular Vesicles	31296879	Such approach could be useful in identification of disease-specific markers on the surface of patient-derived urinary EVs.
sialyl Lewis x	acquisition of structure	soluble complement receptor type 1		soluble complement inhibitor 1					selectin-mediated interactions				cell line		10669397	Soluble complement receptor type 1 (sCR1), previously shown to be effective in inhibiting the complement cascade, was produced in a cell line capable of adding fucose to N-linked oligosaccharides in the alpha1-3 linkage, which is necessary for sLe(x) glycosylation.
N-linked complex type glycans	acquisition of structure	Prostate-specific membrane antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen					prostatic carcinoma	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	tumor tissue|serum	Tumor Cells, Cultured|	8950359	The glycan present on in vivo-derived PSMA from tumor tissue or serum was found to be primarily N-linked complex type.
high mannose-type N-linked glycans	acquisition of structure	Prostate-specific membrane antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen					prostatic carcinoma	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	LNCaP cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8950359	In contrast, only high mannose-type N-linked glycans are present on the PSMA from LNCaP cells.
N-glycan	loss of structure	CD5		CD5 Antigens	endoglycosidase H							Pichia pastoris	CD5d1		9862202	In addition the P. pastoris CD5d1 proved susceptible to N-glycan cleavage with endoglycosidase H.
glycan at the N-terminal base of the V2 loop of SHIV(SF162P3) gp120	acquisition of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					human immunodeficiency virus transmission	HIV-1		Simian-human	transfected cells	Cell Line, Transformed	12239306	The presence of an additional glycan at the N-terminal base of the V2 loop of SHIV(SF162P3) gp120 compared to that of the parental virus was shown to be responsible for the increase in binding to DC-SIGN.
glycan at the N-terminal base of the V2 loop of SHIV(SF162P3) gp120	acquisition of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					autologous neutralization escape	Neutralization Tests		Simian-human	transfected cells	Cell Line, Transformed	12239306	Interestingly, this glycan also conferred escape from autologous neutralization, raising the possibility that the modification occurred as a result of immune selection.
O-linked glycosylation	acquisition of structure	CD27		Antigens, CD								human	T cells	T-Lymphocyte	1311261	In line with this, only one CD27 precursor protein is found, that is processed to the mature receptor by extensive O-linked glycosylation.
glycosylation	increased ratio	CTLA-4		CTLA-4 Antigen|CTLA4 protein, human				risk	autoimmune disease			human	COS-1 cells	COS Cells	12244107	A major cleaved and glycosylated product was seen for both alleles of the protein but a band representing incomplete glycosylation was markedly more abundant in the predisposing Ala allele (32.7 +/- 1.0 versus 10.6% +/- 1.2 for Thr, p < 10(-9)).
N-glycans	loss of structure	monomeric IgA		Immunoglobulin A					anti-inflammatory role			Humans	serum		16675016	Removal of N-glycans from mIgA resulted is an increased association with CD89, whereas the dissociation was more rapid, resulting in binding comparable to that of untreated monomeric IgA.
N-glycosylation	altered level														29459780	Exo-S, Exo-L and exomeres each had unique N-glycosylation, protein, lipid, DNA and RNA profiles and biophysical properties.
Tn	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1	core-1 β1-3 galactosyltransferase			diagnostic	cancer			mouse	tumor cells		23023583	The immunogenicity of synthetic MUC1 glycopeptides bearing Tn or sialyl-Tn antigens have been studied in mouse models, while authentic glyco-epitopes expressed by tumor cells remain unclear.
sialyl-Tn	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1	core-1 β1-3 galactosyltransferase			diagnostic	cancer			mouse	tumor cells		23023583	The immunogenicity of synthetic MUC1 glycopeptides bearing Tn or sialyl-Tn antigens have been studied in mouse models, while authentic glyco-epitopes expressed by tumor cells remain unclear.
glycosylation	altered level	Prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic|monitoring	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms	androgen-based treatment	Humans	prostate epithelial cells|prostate cancer cell lines	|	39213515	Differences in PSA glycan profiles from resistant cell lines after androgen-based treatment may eventually improve cancer treatment.
GlycA	altered level							risk	cardiovascular disease	Cardiovascular Diseases		Humans	blood		25249300	We hypothesized that GlycA, a novel biomarker of protein glycan N-acetyl groups, is related to incident cardiovascular disease (CVD), and we compared it with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP).
glycation	increased level	prostaglandin D(2) synthase		prostaglandin R2 D-isomerase				diagnostic	CNS neurodegenerative disorders	Central Nervous System Diseases		Sheep	cerebrospinal fluid		19595756	These findings suggest that CSF PGDS concentration is increased during healthy ageing and must be taken into consideration when using PGDS as a potential biomarker in diagnosing CNS neurodegenerative disorders.
highly sialylated and fucosylated glycans	acquisition of structure	α1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic	tumorigenesis	Carcinogenesis		humans	serum		29274330	Upon initiation and progression of cancer, α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) possessing highly sialylated and fucosylated glycans appears in the serum, and recently has attracted a great deal of attention, as a potential biomarker of tumorigenesis in humans.
fucosylated AGP	acquisition of structure	α1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				prognostic|response	cancer	Neoplasms	chemotherapy	humans	serum		29274330	From cancer patients under chemotherapy we show that fucosylated AGP could be a clinically relevant biomarker for cancer progression or prognosis as well as for an early assessment of clinical response and treatment outcomes.
fucosylated AGP	acquisition of structure	α1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				response	cancer	Neoplasms	immunotherapy with an anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) antibody	humans	serum		29274330	Furthermore, in a different setting, fucosylated AGP also showed relevance in patients who received immunotherapy with an anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) antibody.
monosaccharides	undetermined	MUC1		Mucin-1									cell surface		27001418	This work develops a site-specific duplexed luminescence resonance energy transfer system on cell surface for simultaneous imaging of two kinds of monosaccharides on a specific protein by single near-infrared excitation.
underglycosylated mucin-1	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	adenocarcinomas	Carcinoma		human	tumour cells	Cell Line, Tumor	25813863	Underglycosylated mucin-1 (uMUC1) is overexpressed in most malignant adenocarcinomas of epithelial origin (for example, colon, breast and ovarian cancer).
mucin glycoproteins	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				response	cancer	Neoplasms	immunotherapy		epithelial tumour cells		20461825	The aberrant glycosylation profiles of mucin glycoproteins on epithelial tumour cells represent attractive target structures for the development of immunotherapy against cancer.
N-glycan	decreased level	intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1		Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1				diagnostic|monitoring	congenital disorders of glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation	Mannose supplementation|complementation with PMM2	Humans	fibroblasts		22496445	Using various methods, we found that intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) was reduced in Lec9 cells and in fibroblasts from 31 congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG) patients compared with normal controls.
glycosylation	decreased level								human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) infection	HIV-2	tunicamycin, swainsonine, and deoxymannojirimycin	human	cell lines	Cell Line	7745686	These antibiotics resulted in an increase (5- to 30-fold) in the susceptibility of a variety of CD4- human cell lines to infection by LAV-2/B (RD, HeLa, HT29, Rsb, Heb7a, Hos, and Daudi).
sialyl Lewis X	decreased level	HL-60 cells										Cricetinae	CHO Cells	Animals|CHO Cells	7724561	This disaccharide inhibited sialyl Lewis X expression on HL-60 cells.
N-glycans of the oligomannosidic or hybrid type	increased level	dipeptidylpeptidase IV		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4					Morris hepatoma 7777	Liver Neoplasms, Experimental		rat	Morris hepatoma 7777 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	1359965	DPP IV from hepatoma cells contained a higher proportion of N-glycans of the oligomannosidic or hybrid type and therefore migrated at a slightly lower molecular mass.
N-glycans mainly of the complex type	unaltered level	dipeptidylpeptidase IV		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4					Morris hepatoma 7777	Liver Neoplasms, Experimental		rat	Morris hepatoma 7777 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	1359965	The precursor was processed to the mature forms of DPP IV, glycosylated with N-glycans mainly of the complex type with a half-life of 20-25 min.
N-glycans	altered level							predictive|risk	type 2 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	plasma		31915204	Here we investigate the ability of the plasma N-glycome to predict incidence of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs; i.e., myocardial infarction and stroke).
N-glycans	altered level							predictive|risk	cardiovascular diseases	Cardiovascular Diseases		Humans	plasma		31915204	Here we investigate the ability of the plasma N-glycome to predict incidence of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs; i.e., myocardial infarction and stroke).
fucosylated glycan	acquisition of structure	short-form Secretogranin III		secretogranin III				diagnostic|monitoring	small cell lung carcinoma	Small Cell Lung Carcinoma		Humans	serum		28949141	Thus, fucosylated short-form SgIII may be a valuable biomarker for SCLC and could be used to monitor development of the disease.
N-glycans	altered level	Prostate specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer			Humans			25327667	Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is currently used as a biomarker to diagnose prostate cancer.
N-glycans	altered level	Prostate specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	benign prostate hypertrophy			Humans			25327667	However, in the diagnostic gray zone, the PSA test does not clearly distinguish between benign prostate hypertrophy and prostate cancer due to their overlap.
N-glycans	altered level	aminopeptidase N		CD13 Antigens					UDP-Gal/UDP-GalNAc-epimerase deficiency			pig|human	ldl(D) cell line	Cell Line	9056417	This cell line carries a UDP-Gal/UDP-GalNAc-epimerase deficiency which blocks the conversion of glucose into galactose derivatives.
O-glycans	loss of structure	aminopeptidase N		CD13 Antigens					UDP-Gal/UDP-GalNAc-epimerase deficiency			pig|human	ldl(D) cell line	Cell Line	9056417	Thus it is possible in the ldl(D) cell line to selectively block O-glycosylation by the omission of N-acetylgalactoseamine from the culture medium and to alter N-glycosylation by the omission of galactose.
N-glycans	altered level	GPHalpha		Glycoprotein Hormones, alpha Subunit					choriocarcinoma			Human	JEG-3 cells	HeLa Cells	17609437	In JEG-3 cells the early 22-kDa GPHalpha either associated with hCGbeta, or showed self-association to yield GPHalpha alpha homodimers, or was later converted into heavily glycosylated large free GPHalpha (M(r app) = 24 kDa).
VVL-binding glycans	increased level							prognostic	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular	Surgical excision	Humans	serum		39382267	HCC patients with high levels of VVL-binding glycans significantly benefited from a longer OS time (p = 0.016, HR: 0.460, 95% CI: 0.237-0.892) and a better PFS time (p = 0.004; HR: 0.435, 95% CI: 0.237-0.799), respectively.
lectin-specific glycans	increased level							prognostic	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular	Surgical excision	Humans	serum		39382267	HCC patients presented significantly higher levels of the lectin-specific glycans in preoperative serum than disease-free individuals (p < 0.001 - p = 0.029), except ConA.
glycoform	altered level	prostate specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans		Humans	36651292	Proof of concept is demonstrated using prostate specific antigen: a biomarker for prostate cancer, where glycoform analysis could distinguish between cancerous and non-cancerous status, rather than only detecting overall protein concentration.
N-glycosyltransferase STT3A	decreased level				N-glycosyltransferase STT3A	STT3A	Glycosyltransferases	prognostic|predictive	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	immune checkpoint inhibitors	Humans	breast cancer cells	Breast Neoplasms	35444644	The clinical sample validation verified that glycosyltransferase genes were differentially expressed in patients in the low- and high-risk groups, while the biomarkers of antitumor M1 macrophages were increased and N-glycosyltransferase STT3A decreased in the low-risk group.
C-glycosyl amino acids	acquisition of structure	MUC1-glycopeptide		Mucin-1				diagnostic	tumor		O-glycopeptide vaccines	Humans		Humans	23553723	The resulting C-glycopeptides are candidates for the development of long-term stable mimics of O-glycopeptide vaccines.
T(N) antigen	undetermined								Tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					15854597	T(N) antigen building blocks Nalpha-(9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl)-O-(3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl)-L-serine/L-threonine pentafluorophenyl ester [Fmoc-L-Ser/L-Thr(Ac3-alpha-D-GalN3)-OPfp, 13/14] have been synthesized by two different routes, which have been compared.
Tn-antigenic structures	undetermined	glycophorin AN		Glycophorins								human			9129295	Two highly glycosylated O-glycopeptides corresponding to human glycophorin AN with Tn-antigenic structures were synthesised.
N-linked oligosaccharides	altered level	Thy-1		Thy-1 Antigens								rat	brain	Brain Chemistry	16364349	It was demonstrated that Thy-1 possesses a significant variety of N-linked oligosaccharides, including Lewis a/x, Lewis b/y, and disialylated structure as a partial structure.
poly-N-acetyllactosamine	acquisition of structure								squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|Head and Neck Neoplasms		Humans	malignant cells		9279558	Reactivity with GSA-II staining following endo-beta-galactosidase digestion, which recognizes linear poly-N-acetyllactosamine structures, was found in a few malignant cells from 21 individuals.
A antigen	loss of structure								squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|Head and Neck Neoplasms		Humans	carcinoma cells		9279558	However, in squamous cell carcinoma, A antigen was not detected in eight out of 25 individuals of blood groups A and AB, although B antigen was consistently expressed in carcinoma cells from all the B and AB individuals.
IgA O-glycosylation	altered level	Immunoglobulin A		Immunoglobulin A				diagnostic	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease		Humans	plasma		37641533	Differences of IgA O- and N-glycosylation (including galactosylation, bisection, sialylation, and antennarity) between patient groups were associated with the diseases, and these findings led to the construction of a statistical model to predict the disease group of the patients without the need of invasive procedures.
IgA N-glycosylation	altered level	Immunoglobulin A		Immunoglobulin A				diagnostic	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease		Humans	plasma		37641533	Differences of IgA O- and N-glycosylation (including galactosylation, bisection, sialylation, and antennarity) between patient groups were associated with the diseases, and these findings led to the construction of a statistical model to predict the disease group of the patients without the need of invasive procedures.
IgA O-glycosylation	altered level	Immunoglobulin A		Immunoglobulin A				diagnostic	ulcerative colitis	Colitis, Ulcerative		Humans	plasma		37641533	Differences of IgA O- and N-glycosylation (including galactosylation, bisection, sialylation, and antennarity) between patient groups were associated with the diseases, and these findings led to the construction of a statistical model to predict the disease group of the patients without the need of invasive procedures.
IgA N-glycosylation	altered level	Immunoglobulin A		Immunoglobulin A				diagnostic	ulcerative colitis	Colitis, Ulcerative		Humans	plasma		37641533	Differences of IgA O- and N-glycosylation (including galactosylation, bisection, sialylation, and antennarity) between patient groups were associated with the diseases, and these findings led to the construction of a statistical model to predict the disease group of the patients without the need of invasive procedures.
CD19	increased level	CD19		Antigens, CD19	Signal peptide peptidase-like 3			response	B cell malignancies		CAR T cell therapy	Humans	B cells	B-Lymphocytes	35690611	Loss of SPPL3 results in hyperglycosylation of CD19, an alteration that directly inhibits CAR T cell effector function and suppresses anti-tumor cytotoxicity.
CD19	loss of structure	CD19		Antigens, CD19	Signal peptide peptidase-like 3			response	B cell malignancies		CAR T cell therapy	Humans	B cells	B-Lymphocytes	35690611	Alternatively, over-expression of SPPL3 drives loss of CD19 protein, also enabling resistance.
N-glycans	altered level	h-lamp-1|h-lamp-2		Lysosomal Membrane Proteins|Lysosomal Membrane Proteins								Humans	lysosome	Lysosomes	3198605	The major portions of both h-lamp-1 and h-lamp-2 reside on the luminal side of the lysosome and are heavily glycosylated by N-glycans: h-lamp-1 and h-lamp-2 were found to contain 19 and 16 potential N-glycosylation sites, respectively.
mannose type glycans	altered level							diagnostic|monitoring	melanoma	Melanoma		Humans	melanocytes	Melanocytes	27591901	In our study we have compared the recognition of mannose type glycans in melanocytes (HEMa-LP) and melanoma cells originating from the radial growth phase (WM35) and from lung metastasis (A375-P).
mannose type glycans	altered level							diagnostic|monitoring	melanoma	Melanoma		Humans	melanoma cells		27591901	In our study we have compared the recognition of mannose type glycans in melanocytes (HEMa-LP) and melanoma cells originating from the radial growth phase (WM35) and from lung metastasis (A375-P).
mannose and glucose types of oligosaccharides	altered level							diagnostic|monitoring	melanoma	Melanoma		Humans	melanoma cells		27591901	The Con A - mannose (or glucose) type glycans present on WM35 cell surface are rather short and less ramified while in A375-P cells, Con A binds to long, branched mannose and glucose types of oligosaccharides.
N-glycans	loss of structure	MUC16		MUC16 protein, human	N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I	MGAT1			reduction in glycocalyx barrier function		tunicamycin and siRNA-mediated knockdown	human	corneal epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	28487369	In N-glycosylation inhibition experiments, we find that treatment with tunicamycin and siRNA-mediated knockdown of the Golgi N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I gene (MGAT1) induce partial loss of both total and cell-surface levels of the largest mucin, MUC16, and a concomitant reduction in glycocalyx barrier function.
core 2 oligosaccharide Galβ3(Galβ3/4GlcNAcβ6)GalNAc-ol	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	prostate cancer cell line C4-2B(4)	Tumor Cells, Cultured	20872286	We found that the main O-glycan consisted of the neutral core 2 oligosaccharide Galβ3(Galβ3/4GlcNAcβ6)GalNAc-ol, with minor components being fucosylated and sialylated variants of the same core 2 oligosaccharide.
core 1 O-glycans	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	prostate cancer cell line C4-2B(4)	Tumor Cells, Cultured	20872286	Small amounts of the shorter core 1 O-glycans were also detected.
glycosylated haemoglobin	undetermined								gestational diabetes	Diabetes, Gestational		Humans	serum		7955983	The clinical usefulness of glycosylated haemoglobin and serum proteins in the management of gestational diabetes.
glycosylated serum proteins	undetermined								gestational diabetes	Diabetes, Gestational		Humans	serum		7955983	The clinical usefulness of glycosylated haemoglobin and serum proteins in the management of gestational diabetes.
glycated hemoglobin	altered level	hemoglobin		hemoglobin A1c protein, human				diagnostic	type 2 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		human	blood	Humans	32615722	Discordances between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and glycemic control are common in clinical practice.
glycated albumin	altered level	albumin						diagnostic	type 2 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		human	blood	Humans	32615722	HbA1c, glycated albumin (GA), and fasting blood glucose levels were simultaneously measured and 72-hour continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) was performed on the same day.
glycoforms	unaltered level	NEP2(Delta)										Humans	ER and plasma membrane	Cell Membrane	18539150	Human NEP2 exists as a membrane-bound and soluble enzyme, whereas human NEP2(Delta) exists as two membrane-bound glycoforms, localised to the ER and plasma membrane.
N-glycan	altered level				Endo-M		Acetylglucosaminidase					Mucor hiemalis			19880511	"Interestingly, the N175Q mutant was found to possess dramatically enhanced glycosynthase-like activity with sugar oxazoline in comparison with N175A and a transglycosidase-like activity with ""natural"" N-glycan as well."
O-glycosylations	undetermined	MUC1		Mucin-1											28579308	We applied this methodology to the synthesis of long MUC1 variants comprising 2, 4 and 6 tandem repeats and three O-glycosylations.
N-linked glycoproteins	altered level							diagnostic	biomarker discovery	Biomarkers		human	plasma	Humans	23322582	To assess the performance and suitability of SWATH-MS-based protein quantification for clinical use, we compared SWATH-MS and SRM-MS-based quantification of N-linked glycoproteins in human plasma, a commonly used sample for biomarker discovery.
sulfation	decreased level	MUC5B|MUC5AC		MUC5B protein, human|MUC5AC protein, human				predictive	cystic fibrosis	Cystic Fibrosis		human	sputum	Sputum	17392389	The glycosylation of these mucins also showed reduced sulfation, increased sialylation, and reduced fucosylation in CF adults compared with controls.
sialylation	increased level	MUC5B|MUC5AC		MUC5B protein, human|MUC5AC protein, human				predictive	cystic fibrosis	Cystic Fibrosis		human	sputum	Sputum	17392389	The glycosylation of these mucins also showed reduced sulfation, increased sialylation, and reduced fucosylation in CF adults compared with controls.
fucosylation	decreased level	MUC5B|MUC5AC		MUC5B protein, human|MUC5AC protein, human				predictive	cystic fibrosis	Cystic Fibrosis		human	sputum	Sputum	17392389	The glycosylation of these mucins also showed reduced sulfation, increased sialylation, and reduced fucosylation in CF adults compared with controls.
glycosylated ferritin	decreased level	ferritin		Ferritins				diagnostic	adult onset Still's disease	Still's Disease, Adult-Onset		Humans	serum		10784516	The percentage of glycosylated ferritin is low both in the active phase and in remission.
MUC1	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	tumor cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	7591241	In this study the biosynthesis, secretion and glycosylation of MUC1 were studied in primary cultures of tumour cells obtained from 35 patients with stage 3 ovarian cancer.
MUC1	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				response	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	tumor cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	7591241	Culture of tumour cells for 4 days in the presence or absence of a competitive inhibitor of O-glycosylation, BAG, showed that the degree of glycosylation of MUC1 varied between tumours and that under-glycosylation was not correlated with production or secretion rates.
Le(x)	undetermined								tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					11446640	Using this strategy, a spacer containing tumor antigen Le(y)-Lac hexasaccharide was described.
Le(y)	undetermined								tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					11446640	Using this strategy, a spacer containing tumor antigen Le(y)-Lac hexasaccharide was described.
sialyl-oligosaccharide	undetermined	bovine fetuin		Glycoproteins|Oligosaccharides|Sialic Acids|alpha-Fetoproteins|sialooligosaccharides|N-Acetylneuraminic Acid								Cattle		Animals|Cattle	1280005	A highly sensitive analytical procedure was developed to assess the site of glycosylation in a model glycoprotein, bovine fetuin.
glycosylated exoPD-L1	altered level	PD-L1		B7-H1 Antigen				diagnostic|predictive	cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	exosome		35810463	As a result, this method is able to distinguish the levels of glycosylated exoPD-L1 between healthy donors and cancer patients with sensitivity and specificity of 100%.
advanced glycosylation end products	altered level								chronic kidney failure	Kidney Failure, Chronic	peritoneal dialysis	Humans	peritoneal dialysis liquids	Dialysis Solutions	21285129	Moreover, 2D western blot analyses of the protein glycation pattern showed that the short-time increase in PDS glucose concentration (45-50 mM) resulted in significant alteration of the advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) pattern.
Lewis X	undetermined			Lewis X Antigen											11133015	This paper describes the synthesis of an octasaccharidic glycolipid 1 based on a stereo- and regioselective glycosylation between a Lewis X trisaccharidic donor and a pentasaccharidic acceptor.
N-glycosylation	altered level	gp130		Cytokine Receptor gp130								Human	extracellular domain		11098061	Of the 11 potential N-glycosylation sites, Asn(21), Asn(61), Asn(109), Asn(135), Asn(205), Asn(357), Asn(361), Asn(531), and Asn(542) are glycosylated but not Asn(224) and Asn(368).
GalNAc	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					breast cancer			human	breast cancer cell		9363430	Beyond the methodical aspects the results revealed that in vitro glycosylation of the TAP25 peptide with a transferase system from human milk differs from that obtained with a breast cancer cell transferase system.
sialyl-Lewis(x) antigen	acquisition of structure	CD24		Antigens, CD|CD24 Antigen|CD24 protein, human					breast carcinoma	Breast Neoplasms		human	KS breast carcinoma cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9737727	Comparison with three other CD24+ cell lines established that expression of sialyl-Lewis(x) antigen was also necessary for CD24-mediated rolling on P-selectin.
advanced glycation end products	increased level							diagnostic	Insulin resistance	Insulin Resistance		Rats	saliva	Saliva	34557264	In IR rats, we also demonstrated significantly higher concentrations of protein/lipid oxidation (↑protein carbonyls, ↑4-hydroxynoneal (4-HNE)), glycation (↑advanced glycation end products), and nitration (↑3-nitrotyrosine) products in both saliva and blood plasma.
N-glycosylation	increased level	human chorionic gonadotropin alpha		Glycoprotein Hormones, alpha Subunit								Humans			33556683	In addition, a higher number of hCGα glycoforms (42 in total, i.e. a 40% increase) was detected.
O-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	human chorionic gonadotropin beta		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human								Humans			33556683	It led to an improvement of the separation of hCGα and hCGβ glycoforms, which allowed for the first time the detection of 33 hCGβ glycoforms at intact level.
aberrant glycosylated IgA1	altered level	Immunoglobulin A		Immunoglobulin A				diagnostic	Immunoglobulin A nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans	circulating IgA1-containing complexes		33351144	Moreover, we found α1-microglobulin was prone to bind aberrant glycosylated IgA1.
fructosamine	altered level	serum proteins		Glycoproteins|Glycated Serum Proteins				diagnostic	Type 2 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	serum	Blood Proteins	2068851	The degree of nonenzymatic glycation of serum proteins was estimated in 500 nondiabetic subjects and in 124 Type 2 diabetic out-patients.
N-glycosylated carbohydrate portion of 6 kDa	unaltered level	Ki-1 antigen		Ki-1 Antigen					Hodgkin's disease	Hodgkin Disease		Humans	Epstein-Barr virus-transformed cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	2545229	Hodgkin's disease-derived, Epstein-Barr virus-transformed cell lines and the acute T cell leukemia line MOLT-4 contain both forms of the Ki-1 antigen, whereas only the 57-kDa intracellular antigen is expressed in U266/B1 myeloma cells, in the Burkitt lymphoma cell lines Raji and Daudi and in acute promyelocytic HL-60 leukemia cells.
N-glycosylated carbohydrate portion of 6 kDa	unaltered level	Ki-1 antigen		Ki-1 Antigen					acute T cell leukemia			Humans	MOLT-4 cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	2545229	Hodgkin's disease-derived, Epstein-Barr virus-transformed cell lines and the acute T cell leukemia line MOLT-4 contain both forms of the Ki-1 antigen, whereas only the 57-kDa intracellular antigen is expressed in U266/B1 myeloma cells, in the Burkitt lymphoma cell lines Raji and Daudi and in acute promyelocytic HL-60 leukemia cells.
N-linked glycopeptides	undetermined	fetuin		Glycoproteins				diagnostic|monitoring	disease			bovine	serum	Humans	24079330	With the use of bovine fetuin as a standard glycoprotein, the incubation time was determined for each major step of glycopeptide isolation.
N-glycosylation	acquisition of structure								colorectal cancer			human	colorectal cancer tissues		19658139	Moreover, the new composite nanoparticles were applied to enrich glycosylated proteins from human colorectal cancer tissues for identification of N-glycosylation sites.
fucose	increased level	alpha-1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				prognostic	cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		human	plasma		17004233	Hyperfucosylation was observed in all disease samples in comparison to normal plasma and was significantly increased in cirrhosis.
sialic acid	decreased level	alpha-1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				prognostic	fibrosis			human	plasma		17004233	Both sialic acid and N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) were negatively associated with fibrosis.
N-acetylgalactosamine	decreased level	alpha-1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				prognostic	fibrosis			human	plasma		17004233	Both sialic acid and N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) were negatively associated with fibrosis.
N-linked carbohydrates	undetermined	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins								Cattle	fetuin	alpha-Fetoproteins	7680267	The strategy is demonstrated for bovine fetuin, a 42-kDa glycoprotein containing three N-linked, and at least three O-linked carbohydrates.
O-linked carbohydrates	undetermined	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins								Cattle	fetuin	alpha-Fetoproteins	7680267	The strategy is demonstrated for bovine fetuin, a 42-kDa glycoprotein containing three N-linked, and at least three O-linked carbohydrates.
K13	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|prognostic	cancer of the gingivo buccal complex	Mouth Neoplasms		Humans	gingivo buccal complex	Mouth Mucosa	23876858	This report also shows that K13 is glycosylated.
mucin	undetermined	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	cancer			human	cancer cell line	Humans|Cell Line, Tumor	23770070	We demonstrated the method's feasibility by using MUC1 derived from 2 cancer cell lines, T47D and HPAF-II.
neuraminidase-sensitive glycan	altered level	CD34		Antigens, CD34					inflammatory reactions			mouse	endothelial cells	Endothelium, Vascular	9270880	We describe the production and characterization of MEC 14.7, a monoclonal antibody directed to murine endothelial cells recognizing a glycosylated protein with an apparent molecular mass of about 100 kDa in cultured endothelioma cell lysate and about 80 kDa in lung lysate.
neuraminidase-sensitive glycan	altered level	CD34		Antigens, CD34					immune responses			mouse	endothelial cells	Endothelium, Vascular	9270880	We describe the production and characterization of MEC 14.7, a monoclonal antibody directed to murine endothelial cells recognizing a glycosylated protein with an apparent molecular mass of about 100 kDa in cultured endothelioma cell lysate and about 80 kDa in lung lysate.
neuraminidase-sensitive glycan	altered level	CD34		Antigens, CD34					neoangiogenesis			mouse	endothelial cells	Endothelium, Vascular	9270880	We describe the production and characterization of MEC 14.7, a monoclonal antibody directed to murine endothelial cells recognizing a glycosylated protein with an apparent molecular mass of about 100 kDa in cultured endothelioma cell lysate and about 80 kDa in lung lysate.
GalNAcalpha1-3Gal(NAc)beta	acquisition of structure	cytokeratins		Keratins					carcinoma			human	MCF-7 cells|HeLa SS6 cells|human carcinoma cell lines|normal human mammary epithelial cell line	HeLa Cells|Epithelial Cells	9247192	The presence of GalNAc residues on highly purified cytokeratins from MCF-7 and HeLa SS6 cells was confirmed by sugar composition analyses using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.
core 1 O-glycans	unaltered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	immunotherapy	Chinese-hamster	CHO-K1 cells	CHO Cells	12950230	A very similar O-glycan profile and site occupancy was found in MUC1-IgG produced in the breast carcinoma cell line T47D, which has O-glycosylation typical for breast cancer.
core 2 O-glycans	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	immunotherapy	Chinese-hamster	MCF-7 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	12950230	In contrast, MUC1-IgG produced in another breast cancer cell line, MCF-7, showed a more complex pattern with both core 1- and core 2-based O-glycans.
O-glycosylation	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1					breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	T47D breast cancer cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	10373415	The site-specific O-glycosylation of MUC1 tandem repeat peptides from secretory mucin of T47D breast cancer cells was analyzed.
Sialylated Tn	acquisition of structure	ITGα3		Integrin alpha3				diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial|Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	ovarian cyst fluid	Ovarian Cysts	37003518	Sialylated Tn antibody based glycovariants of ITGα3 (ITGα3STn) and CD63 (CD63STn) performed better than corresponding protein epitope-based immunoassays, ITGα3IA and CD63IA respectively.
Sialylated Tn	acquisition of structure	CD63		CD63				diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial|Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	ovarian cyst fluid	Ovarian Cysts	37003518	Sialylated Tn antibody based glycovariants of ITGα3 (ITGα3STn) and CD63 (CD63STn) performed better than corresponding protein epitope-based immunoassays, ITGα3IA and CD63IA respectively.
N-acetylglucosamine	increased level											Eukaryotic	Proteins	Protein Conformation|Protein Engineering|Protein Folding|Protein Stability|Protein Structure, Tertiary	21292975	We show that placing a phenylalanine residue two or three positions before a glycosylated asparagine in distinct reverse turns facilitates stabilizing interactions between the aromatic side chain and the first N-acetylglucosamine of the glycan.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure				T-synthase		Galactosyltransferases		embryonic lethality			mouse			20439703	Here we show that ablation of the X-linked Cosmc gene in mice causes embryonic lethality and Tn antigen expression.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure				T-synthase		Galactosyltransferases		several human diseases			mouse			20439703	We generated genetically mosaic mice with a targeted Cosmc deletion and survivors exhibited abnormalities correlated with Tn antigen expression that are related to several human diseases.
core-fucosylation	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				diagnostic|prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	serum		29698801	Moreover, IgG N-glycosylation analysis suggested that core-fucosylation, sialylation and sialo core-fucosylation were possibly related to the development of CRC.
sialylation	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				diagnostic|prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	serum		29698801	Moreover, IgG N-glycosylation analysis suggested that core-fucosylation, sialylation and sialo core-fucosylation were possibly related to the development of CRC.
sialo core-fucosylation	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				diagnostic|prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	serum		29698801	Moreover, IgG N-glycosylation analysis suggested that core-fucosylation, sialylation and sialo core-fucosylation were possibly related to the development of CRC.
sialyl Tn	altered level	MUC1|MUC4		MUC1 protein, human|MUC4 protein, human				diagnostic	pancreatic adenocarcinoma	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	primary tumor		23446997	We investigated the expression of a number of mucin core proteins and associated O-linked glycans expressed in pancreatic adenocarcinoma-sialyl Tn (STn), Tn, T antigen, sialyl Lewis A (CA19-9), sialyl Lewis C (SLeC), Lewis X (LeX), and sialyl LeX (SLeX)-during the progression of pancreatic cancer from early stages to metastatic disease.
Tn	altered level	MUC1|MUC4		MUC1 protein, human|MUC4 protein, human				diagnostic	pancreatic adenocarcinoma	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	primary tumor		23446997	We investigated the expression of a number of mucin core proteins and associated O-linked glycans expressed in pancreatic adenocarcinoma-sialyl Tn (STn), Tn, T antigen, sialyl Lewis A (CA19-9), sialyl Lewis C (SLeC), Lewis X (LeX), and sialyl LeX (SLeX)-during the progression of pancreatic cancer from early stages to metastatic disease.
T antigen	altered level	MUC1|MUC4		MUC1 protein, human|MUC4 protein, human				diagnostic	pancreatic adenocarcinoma	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	primary tumor		23446997	We investigated the expression of a number of mucin core proteins and associated O-linked glycans expressed in pancreatic adenocarcinoma-sialyl Tn (STn), Tn, T antigen, sialyl Lewis A (CA19-9), sialyl Lewis C (SLeC), Lewis X (LeX), and sialyl LeX (SLeX)-during the progression of pancreatic cancer from early stages to metastatic disease.
sialyl Lewis A	altered level	MUC1|MUC4		MUC1 protein, human|MUC4 protein, human				diagnostic	pancreatic adenocarcinoma	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	primary tumor		23446997	We investigated the expression of a number of mucin core proteins and associated O-linked glycans expressed in pancreatic adenocarcinoma-sialyl Tn (STn), Tn, T antigen, sialyl Lewis A (CA19-9), sialyl Lewis C (SLeC), Lewis X (LeX), and sialyl LeX (SLeX)-during the progression of pancreatic cancer from early stages to metastatic disease.
sialyl Lewis C	altered level	MUC1|MUC4		MUC1 protein, human|MUC4 protein, human				diagnostic	pancreatic adenocarcinoma	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	primary tumor		23446997	We investigated the expression of a number of mucin core proteins and associated O-linked glycans expressed in pancreatic adenocarcinoma-sialyl Tn (STn), Tn, T antigen, sialyl Lewis A (CA19-9), sialyl Lewis C (SLeC), Lewis X (LeX), and sialyl LeX (SLeX)-during the progression of pancreatic cancer from early stages to metastatic disease.
Lewis X	altered level	MUC1|MUC4		MUC1 protein, human|MUC4 protein, human				diagnostic	pancreatic adenocarcinoma	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	primary tumor		23446997	We investigated the expression of a number of mucin core proteins and associated O-linked glycans expressed in pancreatic adenocarcinoma-sialyl Tn (STn), Tn, T antigen, sialyl Lewis A (CA19-9), sialyl Lewis C (SLeC), Lewis X (LeX), and sialyl LeX (SLeX)-during the progression of pancreatic cancer from early stages to metastatic disease.
sialyl LeX	altered level	MUC1|MUC4		MUC1 protein, human|MUC4 protein, human				diagnostic	pancreatic adenocarcinoma	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	primary tumor		23446997	We investigated the expression of a number of mucin core proteins and associated O-linked glycans expressed in pancreatic adenocarcinoma-sialyl Tn (STn), Tn, T antigen, sialyl Lewis A (CA19-9), sialyl Lewis C (SLeC), Lewis X (LeX), and sialyl LeX (SLeX)-during the progression of pancreatic cancer from early stages to metastatic disease.
Hyperglycosylated hCG	unaltered level	hCG		Chorionic Gonadotropin				diagnostic|prognostic	gestational trophoblastic diseases			Humans	cytotrophoblast cells		18720925	Hyperglycosylated hCG (H-hCG), produced by cytotrophoblast cells, is a marker for cytotrophoblast cells and tumor marker for gestational trophoblastic diseases.
beta-hCG	unaltered level	hCG		Chorionic Gonadotropin				prognostic|response	nontrophoblastic neoplasms	Neoplasms	Vaccines to beta-hCG	Humans			18720925	beta-hCG is a marker of poor prognosis shown to promote growth and invasion in vitro, suggesting autocrine growth factor properties.
SNA response	altered level	α-1-β glycoprotein		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	chronic pancreatitis			Humans	serum	Blood Proteins	21732554	The results showed that the SNA response on the captured A1BG protein could distinguish chronic pancreatitis samples from pancreatic cancer with a p-value of 0.035 and for the SAP protein with SNA, a p-value of 0.026 was found between the signal of normal controls and the pancreatic cancer samples.
SNA response	altered level	serum amyloid p component		Blood Proteins				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum	Blood Proteins	21732554	The results showed that the SNA response on the captured A1BG protein could distinguish chronic pancreatitis samples from pancreatic cancer with a p-value of 0.035 and for the SAP protein with SNA, a p-value of 0.026 was found between the signal of normal controls and the pancreatic cancer samples.
ConA response	decreased level	α-1-β glycoprotein		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum	Blood Proteins	21732554	For the ConA response, a decline in the signal for both proteins in the serum samples was found to distinguish pancreatic cancer from normal controls and renal cell carnoma samples (A1BG, p<0.05; and SAP, p<0.0001).
ConA response	decreased level	serum amyloid p component		Blood Proteins				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum	Blood Proteins	21732554	For the ConA response, a decline in the signal for both proteins in the serum samples was found to distinguish pancreatic cancer from normal controls and renal cell carnoma samples (A1BG, p<0.05; and SAP, p<0.0001).
Oligosaccharides	increased level							diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		17655680	Sixteen unique OS MS signals were identified in ovarian cancer patient sera.
glycopeptides	decreased level	Immunoglobulin A|Immunoglobulin G|Immunoglobulin M		Immunoglobulin G|Immunoglobulin G|				diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial		Humans	serum		26813784	Multiple glycopeptides from immunoglubins IgA, IgG, and IgM were found to be differentially expressed in serum of EOC patients compared with controls.
glycopeptides	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial		Humans	serum		26813784	In particular, IgG-specific glycosylation profiles are the most powerful in discriminating between EOC case and controls.
simple/short O-glycans	increased level							prognostic	metastatic prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	PC-3 cells	PC-3 Cells	32583304	Prostate cancer (CaP) cells exhibited an elevation of simple/short O-glycans, with a reduction of complex O-glycans, increased O-glycan sialylation and decreased fucosylation.
complex O-glycans	decreased level							prognostic	metastatic prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	PC-3 cells	PC-3 Cells	32583304	Prostate cancer (CaP) cells exhibited an elevation of simple/short O-glycans, with a reduction of complex O-glycans, increased O-glycan sialylation and decreased fucosylation.
O-glycan sialylation	increased level				α2,3-sialyltransferase-I (ST3Gal-I)		beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase	prognostic	metastatic prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	PC-3 cells	PC-3 Cells	32583304	Core 1 sialylation was increased dramatically in all CaP cells, and especially in PC-3 cells.
fucosylation	decreased level							prognostic	metastatic prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	PC-3 cells	PC-3 Cells	32583304	Prostate cancer (CaP) cells exhibited an elevation of simple/short O-glycans, with a reduction of complex O-glycans, increased O-glycan sialylation and decreased fucosylation.
Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-3GalNAc- (sialyl-3T antigen)	increased level				α2,3-sialyltransferase-I (ST3Gal-I)		beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase	prognostic	metastatic prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	PC-3 cells	PC-3 Cells	32583304	The expression of Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-3GalNAc- (sialyl-3T antigen) which is the product of α2,3-sialyltransferase-I (ST3Gal-I) was substantially increased.
O-linked glycans	undetermined	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins								Swine	porcine stomach	Swine	10806552	By the example of fetuin and a blood-group-specific mucin from porcine stomach, we showed that, under conditions of reductive degradation of glycoproteins with LiBH4-LiOH in 70% aqueous tert-butyl alcohol, the reduction and cleavage of amide bonds occur much faster than the simultaneous beta-elimination of carbohydrate chains O-linked with Ser and Thr residues of the peptide chain.
O-linked glycans	undetermined	blood-group-specific mucin		Mucins								Swine	porcine stomach	Swine	10806552	By the example of fetuin and a blood-group-specific mucin from porcine stomach, we showed that, under conditions of reductive degradation of glycoproteins with LiBH4-LiOH in 70% aqueous tert-butyl alcohol, the reduction and cleavage of amide bonds occur much faster than the simultaneous beta-elimination of carbohydrate chains O-linked with Ser and Thr residues of the peptide chain.
sialic acid-containing carbohydrates	altered level							response	cancer	Neoplasms	NK cell-based therapies	human	cancer cells	Neoplasms	24569453	Broad analysis of primary tumor samples revealed that ligands of Siglec-7 and -9 were expressed on human cancer cells of different histological types.
glycophosphatidylinositol	altered level	Thy-1		Thy-1 Antigens								Human	plasma membrane		7539435	Molecular dynamics studies suggest that, on delipidation, a conformational change occurs in the glycan chain that affects the protein in the region of the antigenic epitopes.
sLeX	acquisition of structure	CAR T cell		Receptors, Chimeric Antigen	fucosyltransferase			response	Neoplasms	Neoplasms	adoptive cell therapy	Humans	T-Lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	30687313	Herein, based on information garnered from studies of human leukocytes and adult stem cells, the logic underlying the use of cell surface glycoengineering to enforce E-selectin ligand expression will be conveyed in the context of how this approach offers strategies to enhance delivery of CAR T-cells to marrow and to tumor beds.
phosphatidylinositol-glycan linkage	altered level	CD16		Receptors, Fc|Receptors, IgG								human	natural killer cells|granulocytes	Killer Cells, Natural|Granulocytes	2525100	The CD16 antigen expressed on neutrophils is a 50 to 70-kDa glycoprotein attached to the plasma membrane by a phosphatidylinositol-glycan linkage that is susceptible to cleavage by phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PIPLC).
Sialyl-Tn	acquisition of structure	MUC1-related recombinant protein		sialosyl-Tn antigen	ST6GalNAc I		CMP-N-acetylneuraminate-alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminide alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase	prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans|Mice	MDA-MB-231	Cell Line, Tumor	16135558	Sialyl-Tn is a carbohydrate antigen overexpressed in several epithelial cancers, including breast cancer, and usually associated with poor prognosis.
sialylpolylactosamine	undetermined	Thy-1		Thy-1 Antigens									thymocyte		8597261	With respect to the last, the modelling included the sialylpolylactosamine of thymocyte Thy-l and the sialyl Le(x)/Le(a) determinant present on brain Thy-l.
sialyl Le(x)/Le(a)	undetermined	Thy-1		Thy-1 Antigens									brain		8597261	With respect to the last, the modelling included the sialylpolylactosamine of thymocyte Thy-l and the sialyl Le(x)/Le(a) determinant present on brain Thy-l.
N-glycan	altered level	transferrin		Transferrin					congenital disorders of glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		Humans	plasma|serum	Humans|	26132001	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
O-glycan	altered level	transferrin		Transferrin					congenital disorders of glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		Humans	plasma|serum	Humans|	26132001	This unit describes three protocols that can be used to measure plasma or serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) profile, N-glycan profile, and O-glycan profile by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) or liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS).
sialyl-Tn	acquisition of structure	MUC1						diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	30111774	Flow cytometry analysis showed that L2A5 specifically binds to sialylated structures on the cell surface of STn-expressing breast and bladder cancer cell lines.
sialyl-Tn	acquisition of structure	MUC1						diagnostic	bladder cancer	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	bladder cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	30111774	Flow cytometry analysis showed that L2A5 specifically binds to sialylated structures on the cell surface of STn-expressing breast and bladder cancer cell lines.
sialyl-Tn	acquisition of structure	MUC1						diagnostic	colorectal cancer			Humans	colorectal cancer tissues		30111774	Tumour recognition was further observed using immunohistochemistry assays, which demonstrated a high sensitivity and specificity of L2A5 mAb towards cancer tissue, using bladder and colorectal cancer tissues.
sialyl-Tn	acquisition of structure	MUC1						diagnostic	triple-negative breast cancer			Humans	breast cancer tissues		30111774	Additionally, it stained 20% of cases of triple-negative breast cancers, suggesting application in diseases with unmet clinical needs.
N276-glycan	loss of structure								HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	Cells, Cultured	Cells, Cultured	23874792	This mutation removes an N-linked glycosylation site.
glycan epitopes	altered level							diagnostic|predictive|response	SARS-CoV-2 infection	COVID-19		Humans	Respiratory Tissue and Cell Line	Humans	33435561	Our analysis revealed key immunomodulatory lectins, proteoglycans and glycan epitopes implicated in exerting both negative and positive downstream inflammatory signaling pathways, in addition to its vital role as adhesion receptors for SARS-CoV-2 pathogen.
sialylated core 1	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1	ST3Gal I	ST3GAL1	beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase|ST3GAL1 protein, human		breast carcinomas	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	primary breast tissue	Humans	10561455	in situ hybridization of primary breast tissue showed that a sialyltransferase (ST3Gal I), responsible for adding sialic acid to core 1 thereby terminating chain extension, is elevated in primary breast carcinomas when compared to normal or benign tissue.
heat-stable antigen	unaltered level	R13-Ag		Membrane Glycoproteins								mouse	erythrocyte	Erythrocyte Membrane	1530634	The amino acid sequence of the affinity-purified R13-Ag corresponded to that predicted from the cDNA for the murine heat-stable antigen.
glycated albumin	increased level	albumin		Serum Albumin|Glycated Serum Albumin				diagnostic	diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus		humans	serum|urine	Humans|Albuminuria	1807865	In patients with diabetes mellitus, glycated albumin ranged from 1.4-10.9% in serum and from 1.5-12.5% in urine.
sialyl-T	unaltered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	interstitial lung diseases	Lung Diseases, Interstitial		human	serum		27340743	We demonstrate that the macromolecular MUC1 glycopeptide displaying the essential glycopeptidic neoepitope Pro-Asp-Thr(sialyl-T)-Arg-Pro-Ala-Pro at two different tandem repeats is an excellent serum MUC1 model showing ideal stoichiometric binding with anti-KL6/MUC1 antibody in the sandwich ELISA to quantify human serum KL6/MUC1 levels as a critical biomarker of interstitial lung diseases.
salivary protein glycosylation	altered level	Salivary Proteins and Peptides		Salivary Proteins and Peptides				monitoring	diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2	lifestyle modification or medication	Humans	saliva	Saliva	25305283	We evaluated salivary protein glycosylation levels as a novel, noninvasive, short-term glycemic index in comparison to hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fructosamine, 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG), and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM).
Oligosaccharides	undetermined			Oligosaccharides					Disease Progression	Disease Progression		Mice	Spleen	Spleen	15470462	
N-linked carbohydrate	acquisition of structure								erythroleukemia			Humans	K562 cell line	Cell Line|Humans	7684413	Binding of multimeric rCD2 to six of the seven reactive cells was virtually totally inhibited by CD58 mAb pretreatment, whereas binding to the erythroleukemic line K562 was only partially blocked, suggesting the existence of another CD2 ligand.
glycan composition	altered level	glycoproteins		Glycoproteins					cancer development						17112594	It has a structural role as well as diverse functional roles in many specific biological functions, including cancer development, viral and bacterial infections, and autoimmunity.
glycan composition	altered level	glycoproteins		Glycoproteins					viral and bacterial infections						17112594	It has a structural role as well as diverse functional roles in many specific biological functions, including cancer development, viral and bacterial infections, and autoimmunity.
glycan composition	altered level	glycoproteins		Glycoproteins					autoimmunity						17112594	It has a structural role as well as diverse functional roles in many specific biological functions, including cancer development, viral and bacterial infections, and autoimmunity.
HNK-1 glycan	increased level	neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM)|L1|AMPA receptor subunit GluA2		|Receptors, AMPA|	B3gat1		B3glct protein, mouse|galactosylgalactoylxylosylprotein 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase		PRMT1-deficient			mice	cerebellum	Cerebellum	31884067	Among several glycans, expression of HNK-1 glycan was strikingly upregulated in the PRMT1-deficient cerebellum.
sialyl-Tn	increased level	galectin-3	LGALS3	Galectin 3|LGALS3 protein, human	ST6GalNAc-I		Sialyltransferases|CMP-N-acetylneuraminate-alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminide alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase	response	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms	chemotherapy	Humans	gastric samples tumors	Stomach Neoplasms	27835877	We also found that the expression of sTn was associated with a reduction in galectin-3-binding sites in human gastric samples tumors.
trifucosylated tetra-antennary glycan	acquisition of structure	alpha-1 acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic|monitoring	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	serum		31399619	MALDI-MS profiling of N-glycans of AGP purified from 20 μL of patient serum in HCC (n = 72) and liver cirrhosis (n = 58) showed that a unique trifucosylated tetra-antennary glycan (m/z 3490.76) was predominantly identified in HCCs but was absent in healthy subjects and the majority of cirrhosis patients.
trifucosylated tetra-antennary glycan	acquisition of structure	alpha-1 acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic	non-alcoholic steatohepatitis	Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease		Humans	serum		31399619	Receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the trifucosylated N-glycan of AGP (triFc_AGP) could differentiate HCC from cirrhosis with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.707, 0.726 and 0.751 for NASH, ALC and HCV, respectively.
trifucosylated tetra-antennary glycan	acquisition of structure	alpha-1 acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic	alcoholic liver disease	Liver Diseases, Alcoholic		Humans	serum		31399619	Receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the trifucosylated N-glycan of AGP (triFc_AGP) could differentiate HCC from cirrhosis with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.707, 0.726 and 0.751 for NASH, ALC and HCV, respectively.
trifucosylated tetra-antennary glycan	acquisition of structure	alpha-1 acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic	hepatitis C virus			Humans	serum		31399619	Receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the trifucosylated N-glycan of AGP (triFc_AGP) could differentiate HCC from cirrhosis with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.707, 0.726 and 0.751 for NASH, ALC and HCV, respectively.
fucosylated haptoglobin	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		31981485	We previously identified fucosylated haptoglobin (Fuc-Hpt) as a clinical serum biomarker of pancreatic cancer and established the novel glycan monoclonal antibody (mAb) 10-7G.
N-glycan	decreased level							diagnostic	fibrosis	Fibrosis			tissue	Histocytochemistry	34331294	We have further identified that the ECM proteome accessed by collagenase type III has on average 3.7 sites per protein that may be differentially N-glycosylated.
N-glycan	decreased level							diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma				tissue	Histocytochemistry	34331294	Recently, we reported the use of the enzyme collagenase type III to target the ECM proteome in thin histological tissue sections of fibrotic diseases including hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer and aortic valve stenosis.
N-glycan	decreased level							diagnostic	breast cancer				tissue	Histocytochemistry	34331294	Recently, we reported the use of the enzyme collagenase type III to target the ECM proteome in thin histological tissue sections of fibrotic diseases including hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer and aortic valve stenosis.
N-glycan	decreased level							diagnostic	prostate cancer				tissue	Histocytochemistry	34331294	Recently, we reported the use of the enzyme collagenase type III to target the ECM proteome in thin histological tissue sections of fibrotic diseases including hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer and aortic valve stenosis.
N-glycan	decreased level							diagnostic	lung cancer				tissue	Histocytochemistry	34331294	Recently, we reported the use of the enzyme collagenase type III to target the ECM proteome in thin histological tissue sections of fibrotic diseases including hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer and aortic valve stenosis.
N-glycan	decreased level							diagnostic	aortic valve stenosis				tissue	Histocytochemistry	34331294	Recently, we reported the use of the enzyme collagenase type III to target the ECM proteome in thin histological tissue sections of fibrotic diseases including hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer and aortic valve stenosis.
core fucosylated neutral glycans	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				monitoring	galactosaemia	Galactosemias		Humans	serum		26733289	We have identified a significant increase in core fucosylated neutral glycans (P<0.0001) and a significant decrease in core fucosylated (P<0.001), non-fucosylated (P<0.0001) bisected glycans and, of specific note, decreased N-linked mannose-5 glycans (P<0.0001), in galactosaemia patients.
core fucosylated bisected glycans	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				monitoring	galactosaemia	Galactosemias		Humans	serum		26733289	We have identified a significant increase in core fucosylated neutral glycans (P<0.0001) and a significant decrease in core fucosylated (P<0.001), non-fucosylated (P<0.0001) bisected glycans and, of specific note, decreased N-linked mannose-5 glycans (P<0.0001), in galactosaemia patients.
non-fucosylated bisected glycans	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				monitoring	galactosaemia	Galactosemias		Humans	serum		26733289	We have identified a significant increase in core fucosylated neutral glycans (P<0.0001) and a significant decrease in core fucosylated (P<0.001), non-fucosylated (P<0.0001) bisected glycans and, of specific note, decreased N-linked mannose-5 glycans (P<0.0001), in galactosaemia patients.
N-linked mannose-5 glycans	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				monitoring	galactosaemia	Galactosemias		Humans	serum		26733289	We have identified a significant increase in core fucosylated neutral glycans (P<0.0001) and a significant decrease in core fucosylated (P<0.001), non-fucosylated (P<0.0001) bisected glycans and, of specific note, decreased N-linked mannose-5 glycans (P<0.0001), in galactosaemia patients.
	undetermined							prognostic|predictive	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	tissue	Biopsy	30254402	No clear predictive biomarker is currently available for standard of care therapies, including targeted therapies like sorafenib.
xylose-containing plant complex N-linked glycans	undetermined				xylosyltransferase		Pentosyltransferases|UDP Xylose-Protein Xylosyltransferase					sycamore	sycamore cells	Cells, Cultured	1765151	Antibodies specific for xylose-containing plant complex N-linked glycans are used for indirect immunolocalization of xylosyltransferase in sycamore cells.
	undetermined														12832703	
core 1	acquisition of structure	Mucins		Mucins					Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					17503844	Nitration of the galactal moieties of the saccharides followed by Michael-type addition of serine and threonine derivatives (7a,b) installed the alpha-galacto-configuration, thus readily furnishing O-glycosyl amino acid building blocks for the incorporation of core 1, core 2, core 3, core 6, and core 8 structures into glycopeptides.
core 2	acquisition of structure	Mucins		Mucins					Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					17503844	Nitration of the galactal moieties of the saccharides followed by Michael-type addition of serine and threonine derivatives (7a,b) installed the alpha-galacto-configuration, thus readily furnishing O-glycosyl amino acid building blocks for the incorporation of core 1, core 2, core 3, core 6, and core 8 structures into glycopeptides.
core 3	acquisition of structure	Mucins		Mucins					Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					17503844	Nitration of the galactal moieties of the saccharides followed by Michael-type addition of serine and threonine derivatives (7a,b) installed the alpha-galacto-configuration, thus readily furnishing O-glycosyl amino acid building blocks for the incorporation of core 1, core 2, core 3, core 6, and core 8 structures into glycopeptides.
core 6	acquisition of structure	Mucins		Mucins					Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					17503844	Nitration of the galactal moieties of the saccharides followed by Michael-type addition of serine and threonine derivatives (7a,b) installed the alpha-galacto-configuration, thus readily furnishing O-glycosyl amino acid building blocks for the incorporation of core 1, core 2, core 3, core 6, and core 8 structures into glycopeptides.
core 8	acquisition of structure	Mucins		Mucins					Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					17503844	Nitration of the galactal moieties of the saccharides followed by Michael-type addition of serine and threonine derivatives (7a,b) installed the alpha-galacto-configuration, thus readily furnishing O-glycosyl amino acid building blocks for the incorporation of core 1, core 2, core 3, core 6, and core 8 structures into glycopeptides.
core 5	acquisition of structure	Mucins		Mucins					Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					17503844	2-Nitrogalactal and 2-nitroglucal derivatives could be also successfully employed in glycoside bond formation via Michael-type addition in a reiterative manner, affording the corresponding core 5, core 7, and core 6 building blocks.
core 7	acquisition of structure	Mucins		Mucins					Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					17503844	2-Nitrogalactal and 2-nitroglucal derivatives could be also successfully employed in glycoside bond formation via Michael-type addition in a reiterative manner, affording the corresponding core 5, core 7, and core 6 building blocks.
core 6	acquisition of structure	Mucins		Mucins					Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					17503844	2-Nitrogalactal and 2-nitroglucal derivatives could be also successfully employed in glycoside bond formation via Michael-type addition in a reiterative manner, affording the corresponding core 5, core 7, and core 6 building blocks.
Tn antigen	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	breast cancer	Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental		rat	serum		10842187	Tn antigen increased in serum several weeks before tumor development, and became highly positive after 56 days of carcinogenesis (prior to breast-cancer occurrence), and the levels correlated with Tn expression in mammary tissues.
Tn antigen	decreased level							monitoring	advanced breast cancer	Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental		rat	serum		10842187	However, during the follow-up after detection of mammary cancer, all animals displayed a significant decrease of serum Tn antigen, and low levels were observed in animals with advanced breast cancer.
IgA1 O-glycan	increased level	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A					IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans	serum		10446944	In some patients with IgAN, FACE analysis demonstrated a significant increase in the percentage of IgA1 O-glycan chains consisting of single N-acetyl galactosamine (GalNAc) units rather than the more usual galactosylated and sialylated forms.
IgA1 O-glycan	altered level	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A					IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans	serum		10446944	Abnormal O-glycosylation of IgA1 may contribute to pathogenic mechanisms in IgA nephropathy (IgAN).
Tn-MUC1	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					cancer		cancer vaccines	Humans	tumor		17804752	MUC1, a highly O-glycosylated mucin, is overexpressed and aberrantly glycosylated in several tumor histotypes.
Ig-alpha	decreased level	B cell antigen receptor		Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell									B cell		10930632	Further, the differential glycosylation of Ig-alpha molecules, in the two different BCR complexes, is determined solely by the ectodomains of the mIg molecules.
aglycosylated IgG3	altered level	IgG3		Immunoglobulin G					antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity	Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity		Humans	U937 or HL-60 cells	Cell Line	1533898	The chimaeric antibodies have heavy chains corresponding to human IgG subclasses 1-4, and include site-directed mutants of IgG3 as well as the aglycosylated form of IgG3; a mouse IgG2b antibody and a site-directed mutant IgG2b were also examined.
nonglycosylated PSA	increased level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	carcinoma of the prostate	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		2479896	The larger part of serum PSA in both groups was glycosylated, but while in carcinoma of the prostate the mean percentage of nonglycosylated PSA was 38.4 +/- 6.5, in benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) only a mean of 14.2 +/- 4.3% of the PSA was nonglycosylated.
nonglycosylated PSA	decreased level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	benign prostate hyperplasia	Prostatic Hyperplasia		Humans	serum		2479896	The larger part of serum PSA in both groups was glycosylated, but while in carcinoma of the prostate the mean percentage of nonglycosylated PSA was 38.4 +/- 6.5, in benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) only a mean of 14.2 +/- 4.3% of the PSA was nonglycosylated.
N-glycosylation	unaltered level	Membrane Proteins		Membrane Proteins					neurodegenerative diseases			Mice	Microglia	Microglia	24495382	Membrane proteins and their N-linked glycosylation mediate this microglial activation and regulate many biological process including signal transduction, cell-cell communication, and the immune response.
Tn antigen	increased level			Tn antigen				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	tumor tissues		38953491	The Tn antigen, an immature truncated O-glycosylation, is a promising biomarker for cancer detection and diagnosis.
Tn/sTn-glycoproteins	increased level							diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	tumor tissues		38953491	We identify 32 Tn/sTn-glycoproteins and 43 T/sT-glycoproteins that are significantly increased in tumor tissues.
Fucosylated N-glycan	altered level				FUT4		FUT4 protein, human|Fucosyltransferases	response	Multidrug resistance in breast cancer	Drug Resistance, Multiple|Drug Resistance, Neoplasm|Breast Neoplasms		Human	breast cancer cell lines	MCF-7 Cells	26701615	Comparative analysis revealed differential modification patterns of fucosylation of the fucosylated N-glycans in drug-resistant T47D/ADR cells and sensitive line T47D cells.
O-glycans	loss of structure	LNCaP cells			core 2 N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase			risk	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	LNCaP prostate cancer cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	17616672	We identified one glycosyltransferase, core 2 N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase, which is down-regulated in galectin-1-resistant PSA(-) LNCaP cells compared with galectin-1-sensitive PSA(+) LNCaP cells.
O-glycans	acquisition of structure	LNCaP cells			alpha2,3-sialyltransferase 1			risk	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	LNCaP prostate cancer cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	17616672	Blocking O-glycan elongation by expressing alpha2,3-sialyltransferase 1 rendered LNCaP cells resistant to galectin-1, showing that specific O-glycans are critical for galectin-1 susceptibility.
advanced glycation end products	decreased level							response	diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus|Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental	cold atmospheric plasma	mice	blood		31882837	Also, the reduction in AGEs, oxidative stress biomarkers, and inflammatory cytokines concentrations was observed.
Tn	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic|prognostic				Humans	epithelial cells	Humans	22998734	The immunohistochemical localization of MUC1 and the simple mucin-type antigens, Tn and sialyl-Tn, was influenced by oxidation with periodic acid and by β-elimination before incubation.
sialyl-Tn	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic|prognostic				Humans	epithelial cells	Humans	22998734	The immunohistochemical localization of MUC1 and the simple mucin-type antigens, Tn and sialyl-Tn, was influenced by oxidation with periodic acid and by β-elimination before incubation.
STP-A	altered level	CD46		CD46 protein, human|Membrane Cofactor Protein					leukaemias	Neoplasms		human	tissues		7821956	STP-A mAb reacted with tissues in which STP-A RNA had been found, some leukaemias and cell lines; in normal tissue expression was mainly found in the intestine (large and small) and salivary gland.
STP-B	altered level	CD46		CD46 protein, human|Membrane Cofactor Protein								human	tissues		7821956	Anti-STP-B reacted with most tissues and cell lines.
glycan part of serum prostate specific antigen	altered level	prostate specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		19152248	The present investigation was a lectin-based diagnosis of malignant prostate cancer (PC) by the interaction of phytohemagglutinin (PHA lectin) from Phaseolus vulgaris with the glycan part of serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) of patients with prostatic disorder.
glycan part of serum prostate specific antigen	altered level	prostate specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	benign prostate hyperplasia	Prostatic Hyperplasia		Humans	serum		19152248	The results suggest that there may be a striking difference in glycosylation pattern of PSA between BPH and PC.
site-specific glycosylation	altered level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	genetic diseases			human	blood plasma		37683725	Clinical relevance of site-specific glycosylation changes were evaluated in the context of genetic defects that lead to distinct accumulation or loss of specific glycans.
site-specific glycosylation	altered level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	genetic defects			human	blood plasma		37683725	Clinical relevance of site-specific glycosylation changes were evaluated in the context of genetic defects that lead to distinct accumulation or loss of specific glycans.
N-linked glycans	unaltered level	calnexin		Calnexin								Humans	endoplasmic reticulum		7852350	The results indicate that neither transmembrane regions nor N-linked glycans are exclusively responsible for calnexin association.
glycosylation	acquisition of structure	ErbB2		ERBB2 protein, human|Receptor, ErbB-2					cancers	Neoplasms		Humans		Humans	34817689	Furthermore, glycosylation of the ErbB receptors has shown to be critical for their stability, ligand binding, and dimerization.
glycosylation	acquisition of structure	EGFR		EGFR protein, human					cancers	Neoplasms		Humans		Humans	34817689	Furthermore, glycosylation of the ErbB receptors has shown to be critical for their stability, ligand binding, and dimerization.
N-glycan	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	tunicamycin	human	breast cancer cells	Breast Neoplasms	16525726	Tunicamycin reduces MUC1 concentration on the cellular surface more than benzylglycoside, and greatly reduces glycosylation of glycoproteins, causing an increase in cell adhesion in both types of cancer cells.
O-glycan	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	benzyl-N-acetyl-alpha-galactosaminide	human	breast cancer cells	Breast Neoplasms	16525726	Benzyl-N-acetyl-alpha-galactosaminide inhibits MUC1 expression on the surface of breast more than endometrial cancer cells.
N-glycan	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					endometrial cancer	Endometrial Neoplasms	tunicamycin	human	endometrial cancer cells	Endometrial Neoplasms	16525726	Tunicamycin reduces MUC1 concentration on the cellular surface more than benzylglycoside, and greatly reduces glycosylation of glycoproteins, causing an increase in cell adhesion in both types of cancer cells.
O-glycan	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					endometrial cancer	Endometrial Neoplasms	benzyl-N-acetyl-alpha-galactosaminide	human	endometrial cancer cells	Endometrial Neoplasms	16525726	Benzyl-N-acetyl-alpha-galactosaminide inhibits MUC1 expression on the surface of breast more than endometrial cancer cells.
LewisX	altered level								neural stem/progenitor cell heterogeneity			Mouse	neural stem and progenitor cells	Neural Stem Cells	21385876	Carbohydrate binding assays revealed that the 5750 antibody specifically binds to LewisX-related carbohydrates.
N-linked glycans	unaltered level	gp160		HIV Envelope Protein gp160					HIV-1	HIV-1		human	lymphoid cells	Giant Cells	1515210	The N-linked glycans of the HIV-1 and HIV-2 glycoproteins account for a high proportion of their molecular mass (about 50%).
N-linked glycans	unaltered level	gp140		gp140 envelope protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 2					HIV-2	HIV-2		human	lymphoid cells	Giant Cells	1515210	The N-linked glycans of the HIV-1 and HIV-2 glycoproteins account for a high proportion of their molecular mass (about 50%).
di-sialylated glycans	increased level	epidermal growth factor receptor		EGFR protein, human	α-N-acetylneuraminide α-2,8-sialyltransferase 2|α-N-acetylneuraminide α-2,8-sialyltransferase 4	ST8SiA2|ST8SiA4		diagnostic	cancer			human	A431 cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	23371026	The unusual glycan structures were di-sialylated glycans (sialic acid attached to sialic acid) at Asn-151 and N-acetylhexosamine attached to a branched fucosylated galactose with N-acetylglucosamine moieties (HexNAc-(Fuc)Gal-GlcNAc) at Asn-420.
branched fucosylated galactose	increased level	epidermal growth factor receptor		EGFR protein, human				diagnostic	cancer			human	A431 cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	23371026	The unusual glycan structures were di-sialylated glycans (sialic acid attached to sialic acid) at Asn-151 and N-acetylhexosamine attached to a branched fucosylated galactose with N-acetylglucosamine moieties (HexNAc-(Fuc)Gal-GlcNAc) at Asn-420.
NG1(6)A2F	increased level							diagnostic	IgD multiple myeloma	Multiple Myeloma		Humans	serum	Blood Proteins	29268706	The best area under the ROC curve of NG1(6)A2F to diagnose IgD myeloma was 0.981, with a 95.0% sensitivity and 95.2% specificity, and that of NG1(3)A2F was 0.936, with a 95.0% sensitivity and 78.6% specificity.
NG1(3)A2F	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	IgD multiple myeloma	Multiple Myeloma		Humans	serum	Blood Proteins	29268706	The level of NG1(3)A2F was correlated with the international staging system, while the higher abundance of NA2FB presented in IgD myeloma was predictive of a shorter progression-free survival.
NA2FB	increased level							prognostic	IgD multiple myeloma	Multiple Myeloma		Humans	serum	Blood Proteins	29268706	The level of NG1(3)A2F was correlated with the international staging system, while the higher abundance of NA2FB presented in IgD myeloma was predictive of a shorter progression-free survival.
polysialic acid	undetermined	neural cell adhesion molecule		polysialyl neural cell adhesion molecule								Cattle	Brain	Brain	12765790	Polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) was immunoaffinity-purified from the brains of newborn calves.
HNK1 epitope	undetermined	neural cell adhesion molecule		polysialyl neural cell adhesion molecule								Cattle	Brain	Brain	12765790	For characterization of N-glycan structures and attachment sites, PSA-NCAM was digested with trypsin, and the generated glycopeptides were fractionated by serial immunoaffinity chromatography using immobilized monoclonal antibodies specific for PSA or the HNK1 epitope, i.e., HSO(3)-3GlcA(beta 1-3)Gal(beta 1-4)GlcNAc(beta 1-, yielding PSA-glycopeptides, HNK-glycopeptides and non-PSA/HNK1-(glyco) peptides.
core fucosylated α-fetoprotein	unaltered level	α-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma						24914453	The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the core fucosylated α-fetoprotein as a biomarker for the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
α2,3-linked sialyl N-glycan	increased ratio	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		28241428	The aim of this study to examine whether the serum PCa-associated α2,3-linked sialyl N-glycan-carrying PSA (S2,3PSA) ratio measured by automated micro-total immunoassay systems (μTAS system) can be applied as a diagnostic marker of PCa.
α2,6-linked sialyl N-glycan	unaltered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	benign prostatic hyperplasia			Humans	serum		28241428	To validate quantitative performance, both recombinant S2,3PSA and benign-associated α2,6-linked sialyl N-glycan-carrying PSA (S2,6PSA) purified from culture supernatant of PSA cDNA transiently-transfected Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-K1 cells were used as standard protein.
core 2-based oligosaccharides	increased level	MUC1-S		Mucin-1					breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	epithelial EBNA-293 and MCF-7 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	15972891	The profiles of O-linked glycans on MUC1-S secreted by epithelial EBNA-293 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells revealed patterns dominated by core 2-based oligosaccharides.
sialyl core 1	increased level	membrane-shed probes							breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	epithelial EBNA-293 and MCF-7 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	15972891	In contrast, the respective membrane-shed probes expressed in the same cells showed a complete shift to patterns dominated by sialyl core 1.
N-linked glycan	undetermined											Human	serum	Humans	32102970	In total, 526 N-linked glycoproteins, 1036 N-linked glycosites, 22,677 N-linked intact glycopeptides and 738 N-glycan masses were identified under 1% FDR, representing the most in-depth serum N-glycoproteome identified by LC-MS/MS at N-linked intact glycopeptide level.
Tn antigen	unaltered level							diagnostic	cancer	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate|Biomarkers, Tumor		Animals			10708749	Using synthetic Tn (GalNAc-O-Ser/Thr) glycopeptide models and a biosensor based on surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy we have determined that isolectin B4 from Vicia villosa (VVLB4) binds to one Tn determinant whereas the anti-Tn monoclonal antibodies 83D4 and MLS128 require at least two Tn residues for recognition.
hyperglycosylated hCG	acquisition of structure	hCG		Chorionic Gonadotropin				diagnostic|prognostic	infertility	Infertility	fertility treatment	Humans	embryo	Embryo Implantation|Embryo Transfer	23439616	Prior to hatching, hyperglycosylated hCG (hCGh) was observed selectively in 3PN embryos, but after hatching, along with hCG, became the dominant hCG molecule observed.
hCG-free beta subunit	acquisition of structure	hCG		Chorionic Gonadotropin				diagnostic|prognostic	infertility	Infertility	fertility treatment	Humans	embryo	Embryo Implantation|Embryo Transfer	23439616	The hCGβ was detectable in media from 2 pronuclear (2PN) stage embryos through to the blastocyst stage.
sialic residues	unaltered level	fetuin|asialofetuin		Fetuins|asialofetuin					glycation				serum proteins		7693374	Previous periodate-based methods, which offer several advantages over other glycation assays, cannot determine glycoprotein glycation because interference from sialic residues in the glycan chain can lead to overestimation of the amount of glycation products.
N-linked glycans	unaltered level	Membrane cofactor protein (MCP)		Membrane Cofactor Protein					cancer			human	placental syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast, kidney and platelet	Trophoblasts|Kidney|Blood Platelets	1627608	The results showed that N-linked glycans on placental syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast, kidney and platelet MCP are similar in binding to concanavalin A and Lens culinaris lectins, but are not bound by leucophytohemagglutinin.
O-linked glycans	altered level	Membrane cofactor protein (MCP)		Membrane Cofactor Protein					cancer			human	chorion laeve cytotrophoblast, syncytiotrophoblast, platelet and kidney	Chorion|Trophoblasts|Kidney|Blood Platelets	1627608	The results indicated for the first time, differences in O-linked glycosylation of MCP in chorion laeve cytotrophoblast relative to syncytiotrophoblast, platelet and kidney MCP.
Polysaccharides	undetermined	Membrane Glycoproteins		Membrane Glycoproteins								Humans		Humans	8703062	
LCA-binding glycoform of AFP	increased level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Liver Neoplasms, Experimental		woodchuck	serum		1373341	In contrast, the AFP from woodchucks with HCC had an increased LCA-binding fraction (range, 8-77%).
Tn antigen	altered level				ppGaNTase		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases		cancer	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate		Fasciola hepatica	testis	Testis	12547345	Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that Tn antigen is preferentially expressed in testis, while sialyl-Tn glycoproteins were more widely distributed, being present in parenchymal cells, basal membrane of the tegument, and apical surface of epithelial cells lining the caeca.
sialyl-Tn antigen	altered level				ppGaNTase		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases		cancer	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate		Fasciola hepatica	parenchymal cells|basal membrane of the tegument|apical surface of epithelial cells lining the caeca		12547345	Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that Tn antigen is preferentially expressed in testis, while sialyl-Tn glycoproteins were more widely distributed, being present in parenchymal cells, basal membrane of the tegument, and apical surface of epithelial cells lining the caeca.
N-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	MUC16		MUC16 protein, human	MGAT5				ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	ovarian cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	28617578	We establish that MUC16 oncogenic effects are mediated through MGAT5-dependent N-glycosylation of two specific asparagine sites within its 58 amino acid ectodomain.
glycosylated protein	undetermined	ggCD200R-B1		antigens, CD					regulation of myeloid cells			chicken	macrophages	Chickens	18062907	Further characterization of ggCD200R-B1 showed that it is expressed as a highly glycosylated protein and that its cytoplasmic tyrosine residues can be phosphorylated.
galactosylation	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				risk	Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease	Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease		Humans			30025558	IgG N-glycosylation was significantly associated with NAFLD, with the disease showing a negative correlation with galactosylation (GP14, GP14n, and G2n), positive correlation with fucosylation (FBG2n/G2n), and positive correlation with bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) [FBG2n/FG2n and FBG2n/(FG2n+FBG2n)], after controlling age, gender, and prevalence of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia.
fucosylation	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				risk	Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease	Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease		Humans			30025558	IgG N-glycosylation was significantly associated with NAFLD, with the disease showing a negative correlation with galactosylation (GP14, GP14n, and G2n), positive correlation with fucosylation (FBG2n/G2n), and positive correlation with bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) [FBG2n/FG2n and FBG2n/(FG2n+FBG2n)], after controlling age, gender, and prevalence of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia.
bisecting N-acetylglucosamine	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				risk	Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease	Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease		Humans			30025558	IgG N-glycosylation was significantly associated with NAFLD, with the disease showing a negative correlation with galactosylation (GP14, GP14n, and G2n), positive correlation with fucosylation (FBG2n/G2n), and positive correlation with bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) [FBG2n/FG2n and FBG2n/(FG2n+FBG2n)], after controlling age, gender, and prevalence of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia.
core 3 structure (GlcNAcβ1-3GalNAcα1-O-Ser/Thr)	increased level	Mucin-1-derived acceptor peptide (MUC1ap)		Mucin-1	UDP-GlcNAc:βGal β-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 6 (β3Gn-T6)		UDP-GlcNAc GalNAc-peptide beta1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase					Saccharomyces cerevisiae		Saccharomyces cerevisiae	27259834	Supplementation of MnCl2 to the culture medium yielded increases of up to 25% in the accumulation of core 3 on the MUC1ap.
N-glycan	acquisition of structure	monoclonal antibody against human CD30		Antibodies, Monoclonal|Ki-1 Antigen	alpha-1,3-fucosyltransferase|beta-1,2-xylosyltransferase							Lemna minor			17128273	The resultant mAbs contained a single major N-glycan species without detectable plant-specific N-glycans and had better antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity and effector cell receptor binding activities than mAbs expressed in cultured Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells.
hyperglycosylated hCG beta-core fragment	undetermined	human chorionic gonadotropin beta-core fragment		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human					choriocarcinoma			Humans	urine	Pregnancy	11067815	Hyperglycosylated hCGbetacf may indicate choriocarcinoma or Down syndrome, but the glycosylation profile of hCGbetacf has not been thoroughly evaluated.
hyperglycosylated hCG beta-core fragment	undetermined	human chorionic gonadotropin beta-core fragment		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human					Down syndrome			Humans	urine	Pregnancy	11067815	Hyperglycosylated hCGbetacf may indicate choriocarcinoma or Down syndrome, but the glycosylation profile of hCGbetacf has not been thoroughly evaluated.
Glycosylated acetyls	increased level							predictive	Type 2 diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans			33307129	Glycosylated acetyls (GlycA), a systemic marker of inflammation, were associated both with incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and incident cardiovascular (CV) disease.
Glycosylated acetyls	increased level							predictive	Cardiovascular disease			Humans			33307129	Glycosylated acetyls (GlycA), a systemic marker of inflammation, were associated both with incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and incident cardiovascular (CV) disease.
Glycosylated acetyls	increased level							predictive	Peripheral artery disease	Peripheral Arterial Disease		Humans			33307129	This study evaluates the predictive value of GlycA for long-term survival in patients with T2DM and peripheral artery disease (PAD).
N-glycosylation	unaltered level	Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4		CTLA-4 Antigen				response	cancer		anti-CTLA-4 antibodies	human|monkey|mouse	T cells		32054416	In addition to the amino acid residues interacting with ligands CD80 and CD86, an N-glycosylation site on N110, conserved in CTLA-4 of human, monkey, and mouse, was identified as the specific epitope that might contribute to the cross-species binding and function of this antibody.
sLea glycosides	decreased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					cancer			human	cell	Cell Line	30260032	An increase of the tandem repeat number in the recombinant protein did not lead to a proportional increase in the level of sLea glycosides.
glycation	increased level							prognostic	type 2 diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	plasma		32755839	The present study was conducted to determine the changes in plasma fatty acids at different levels of glycation in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
N-linked glycosylation	altered level	CD14		Lipopolysaccharide Receptors					sepsis			Humans|Mice	U373 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	18057002	However, the beneficial role provided by CD14 becomes detrimental in the context of sepsis and septic shock.
HIV-1 gp120	unaltered level	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV						16844755	Small-angle x-ray scattering data on the unliganded full-length fully glycosylated HIV-1 gp120, the soluble CD4 (domains 1-2) receptor, and their complex in solution are presented.
advanced glycation end products	unaltered level			Glycation End Products, Advanced				diagnostic	Autism	Autistic Disorder		Humans	plasma		31264551	Plasma levels of AGEs and precursors of ALEs in autistic children were comparable with healthy children.
advanced lipoxidation end products	unaltered level							diagnostic	Autism	Autistic Disorder		Humans	plasma		31264551	Plasma levels of AGEs and precursors of ALEs in autistic children were comparable with healthy children.
Glycosylation	undetermined	Vitamin D binding protein		Vitamin D-Binding Protein								Humans	Blood plasma		19137103	This article discusses the impetus for analyzing intact proteins in a targeted manner across populations and describes the methodology required to couple mass spectrometric immunoassay with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for the purpose of qualitatively characterizing a prototypical large plasma protein, vitamin D binding protein, across populations.
glycosylation	unaltered level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins											16882993	The effect of glycosylation on AFP foldability was investigated by parallel quantitative and qualitative analyses of the refolding of glycosylated and nonglycosylated AFP variants.
glycated proteins	undetermined							diagnostic	age-related disorders			human|insect|mouse	serum|hemolymph|brain homogenates	Serum Albumin|Hemolymph|Cerebral Cortex	23531746	Glycated proteins are important biomarkers for age-related disorders, however their analysis is challenging because of the complexity of the protein-carbohydrate adducts.
alpha-galactosylceramide	unaltered level	CD1d		Antigens, CD1d					autoreactive T-cell response			Mice	T-cell hybridomas	Hybridomas	10886786	In this study we screened a set of murine CD1d-autoreactive T-cell hybridomas with diverse TCR for their reactivity with several glycosylated variants of ceramide, including alphaGalCer.
alpha-galactosylsphingosine	unaltered level	CD1d		Antigens, CD1d					autoreactive T-cell response			Mice	T-cell hybridomas	Hybridomas	10886786	Their fine specificity in the response to glycosylation variants of ceramide demonstrated a homogenous reactivity pattern, including reactivity to alpha-galactosylsphingosine, the variant of alphaGalCer with truncated fatty acyl chain.
polymorphic epithelial mucin	unaltered level	Mucins		Mucins					Neoplasms	Neoplasms	immunotherapy	Humans			7690217	The polymorphic epithelial mucin as a target for immunotherapy.
Advanced glycation end products	increased level								Diabetic cataracts			Humans	Plasma		32931824	Plasma advanced glycation end products index was significantly higher (P < 0.05) only in diabetic cataracts, but not in non-diabetic subjects with cataracts.
TCR alpha-chains	increased level	TCR		Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell								Humans	T-Lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	2966207	Whereas non-glycosylated forms of TCR-beta chain can be detected, only more mature forms of TCR alpha-chains are detected indicating that the alpha-chains are more rapidly glycosylated than the beta-chains.
GalNAc moieties	loss of structure	high-density lipoprotein cholesterol			GalNAc-T2		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases		low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol			humans		Humans	29601100	Recently, it has been demonstrated that an inactive GalNAc-T2 mutant (F104S), which is not located at the active site, induces low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in humans.
HexNAc2Hex5	increased level	Prostate specific antigen	KLK3	Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer			Human	prostate		26022737	Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is currently used as a diagnostic biomarker for prostate cancer.
HexNAc4Hex5Fuc1NeuAc1	increased level	Prostate specific antigen	KLK3	Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer			Human	prostate		26022737	Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is currently used as a diagnostic biomarker for prostate cancer.
HexNAc4Hex5Fuc1NeuAc2	increased level	Prostate specific antigen	KLK3	Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer			Human	prostate		26022737	Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is currently used as a diagnostic biomarker for prostate cancer.
glycosylation	undetermined	CD8		CD8 Antigens											16400808	Glycosylation and the function of the T cell co-receptor CD8.
O-linked glycans	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1								Human|Drosophila	HEK-293 cells|S2 cells	Humans|Cell Line	21526855	Ladder sequencing of the 17-18.5 kD MUC1 hexarepeat domains revealed (1) cell-specific glycosylation site patterns on comparison of probes expressed in human HEK-293 or Drosophila S2 cells, and (2) a site-specific microheterogeneity at the Thr/Ser sites with variations of the glycan compositions from zero to four monosaccharides.
O-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	fetuin		Fetuins								Bovine			21526855	Novel O-glycosylation sites in the C-terminal domains of fetuin (T334) and κ-caseinoglycopeptide (S154 and T156) were assigned, the former representing a sequence conflict with the published T154.
O-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	κ-caseinoglycopeptide		Caseins								Bovine			21526855	Novel O-glycosylation sites in the C-terminal domains of fetuin (T334) and κ-caseinoglycopeptide (S154 and T156) were assigned, the former representing a sequence conflict with the published T154.
sialic acid	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	Primary biliary cholangitis	Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary		Humans	serum		34248947	Lectin microarray detection revealed that compared to DC and HC groups, the specific glycan level of serum IgG sialic acid in PBC patients was increased.
mannose	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	Primary biliary cholangitis	Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary		Humans	serum		34248947	For each PBC subgroup, glycan levels of IgG mannose and galactose were decreased in AMA-M2 positive PBC patients compared to the AMA-M2 negative group.
galactose	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	Primary biliary cholangitis	Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary		Humans	serum		34248947	For each PBC subgroup, glycan levels of IgG mannose and galactose were decreased in AMA-M2 positive PBC patients compared to the AMA-M2 negative group.
N-Acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	Primary biliary cholangitis	Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary		Humans	serum		34248947	IgG N-Acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) and fucose were decreased in anti-sp100 positive patients.
fucose	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	Primary biliary cholangitis	Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary		Humans	serum		34248947	IgG N-Acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) and fucose were decreased in anti-sp100 positive patients.
galactose	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	Primary biliary cholangitis	Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary		Humans	serum		34248947	IgG galactose was increased in anti-gp210 positive patients.
mannose	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	Primary biliary cholangitis	Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary		Humans	serum		34248947	IgG mannose was decreased in ACA-positive patients.
sialic acid|O-linked glycans	altered level	CD8		CD8 Antigens					thymocyte differentiation	Cell Differentiation			T-cell	T-Lymphocytes	11839290	The addition of sialic acid to O-linked glycans of the T-cell co-receptor CD8 is regulated during thymocyte differentiation.
carbohydrate-deficient transferrin	loss of structure	transferrin		Transferrin	Endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase F2		Mannosyl-Glycoprotein Endo-beta-N-Acetylglucosaminidase	diagnostic	alcoholism	Alcoholism		human		Humans	9554084	CDT has been reported to be a sensitive and specific marker for diagnosing alcoholism.
N-linked glycosylation	undetermined	CD68		CD68 antigen, human								Humans	monocytes|macrophages		7680921	The cDNA sequence predicts a type I integral membrane protein of 354 residues with a heavily glycosylated extracellular domain of 298 residues containing nine potential N-linked glycosylation sites and numerous potential O-linked glycosylation sites.
O-linked glycosylation	undetermined	CD68		CD68 antigen, human								Humans	monocytes|macrophages		7680921	The cDNA sequence predicts a type I integral membrane protein of 354 residues with a heavily glycosylated extracellular domain of 298 residues containing nine potential N-linked glycosylation sites and numerous potential O-linked glycosylation sites.
AChE glycosylation pattern	altered level	Acetylcholinesterase		Acetylcholinesterase				diagnostic	liver cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental	bile duct ligation	Rats	liver	Liver	16496349	The loss of G4 was also reflected by changes observed in AChE glycosylation pattern attributable to different liver AChE forms being differentially glycosylated.
glycosylated	undetermined	TvCP39		Cysteine Proteases|Cathepsin L					trichomonosis	Trichomonas Infections		Trichomonas vaginalis	vaginal secretions	Vagina	21777690	Thus, TvCP39 is the first glycosylated cysteine proteinase detected in T. vaginalis.
glycosylated	loss of structure	B7-1		B7-1 Antigen					immune responses			human	leukocyte		11264596	B7-1 is, however, one of the most heavily glycosylated proteins found at the leukocyte cell surface, complicating the structural analysis of this molecule.
O-glycan T antigen	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1|MUC1 protein, human	C1GALT1		Galactosyltransferases|C1GALT1 protein, human		Gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	GC tissues	Stomach Neoplasms	39243676	C1GALT1 overexpression could promote GC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, which was due to C1GALT1 overexpression-mediated O-glycan T antigen increase.
sialylated O-glycans	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1	CMP-sialic acid Gal beta 1-3GalNAc alpha 3-sialyltransferase		Sialyltransferases		breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer cells		7588808	PEM expressed by breast cancer cells contains more sialylated O-glycans and has a lower GlcNAc content than that expressed by normal cells.
core-2 O-glycan	loss of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1	UDP-GlcNAc: Gal beta 1-3GalNAc (GlcNAc to GalNAc) beta 6-GlcNAc-transferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	BT20 and T47D breast cancer cells		7588808	Moreover, mammary cancer cell lines BT20 and T47D have lost the ability to synthesize core-2, as shown by the lack of UDP-GlcNAc: Gal beta 1-3GalNAc (GlcNAc to GalNAc) beta 6-GlcNAc-transferase activity, which corresponded to the absence of the mRNA transcript.
Asn332 glycan	undetermined	gp120		gp120 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1					HIV infection			Human	gp120	HIV Envelope Protein gp120	23708606	A substantial proportion of the broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) identified in certain HIV-infected donors recognize glycan-dependent epitopes on HIV-1 gp120.
Asn392 glycan	undetermined	gp120		gp120 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1					HIV infection			Human	gp120	HIV Envelope Protein gp120	23708606	PGT 135 interacts with glycans at Asn332, Asn392 and Asn386, using long CDR loops H1 and H3 to penetrate the glycan shield and access the gp120 protein surface.
Asn386 glycan	undetermined	gp120		gp120 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1					HIV infection			Human	gp120	HIV Envelope Protein gp120	23708606	PGT 135 interacts with glycans at Asn332, Asn392 and Asn386, using long CDR loops H1 and H3 to penetrate the glycan shield and access the gp120 protein surface.
Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen	acquisition of structure	BSA		Serum Albumin, Bovine				diagnostic	cancer	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate|Cancer Vaccines	vaccine	Cattle	serum	Serum Albumin, Bovine	25476939	Finally, we identified, respectively, three diagnostic and characteristic glycated peptides for the synthetic glycoconjugate possessing a TF antigen:BSA ratio 2:1, whereas we have identified for the synthetic glycoconjugate having a TF:BSA ratio 8:1 a series of 14 glycated peptides.
3'''-O-(3-O-sulfoglucuronopyranosyl)-lacto-N-neotetraose propylglycoside	undetermined								recognized by HNK-1 antibodies	CD57 Antigens					9784880	"The 3""'-O-sulfation of the monohydroxy derivative, the removal of the protective groups, and the reduction of the allyl aglycon yielded the pentasaccharide propyl glycoside NaSO3-3GlcA(beta 1-->3)Gal(beta 1-->4)GlcNAc(beta 1-->3)Gal(beta 1-->4)Glc beta-Opr comprising the oligosaccharide chain of the SGGL-1 glycolipid, which is recognized by HNK-1 antibodies."
Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen	acquisition of structure				beta-galactosidase		beta-Galactosidase		neoplasm	Antigens, Neoplasm|Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate		bovine	testes	Testis	9129297	The efficient chemoenzymatic synthesis of the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen determinant is demonstrated under transglycosylation conditions employing beta-galactosidase from bovine testes.
oncofetal marker	acquisition of structure				alpha 1----3fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases|galactoside 3-fucosyltransferase		neuroblastoma	Neuroblastoma		Humans	neuroblastoma cells	Neuroblastoma	2068147	Characterization of the alpha 1----3fucosyltransferase responsible for confering an oncofetal marker on neuroblastoma cells.
terminal galactose/N-acetylgalactosamine (Gal/GalNAc)	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					disease states						28557363	Live cell imaging of protein-specific glycoforms is important for the elucidation of glycosylation mechanisms and identification of disease states.
underglycosylated mucin-1 antigen	acquisition of structure	Mucin-1		Mucin-1				diagnostic|monitoring	adenocarcinomas			human	epithelial cell		14996745	Underglycosylated mucin-1 antigen (uMUC-1) is one of the early hallmarks of tumorigenesis and is overexpressed and underglycosylated on almost all human epithelial cell adenocarcinomas as well as in nonepithelial cancer cell lines, as well as in hematological malignancies such as multiple myeloma, and some B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas.
underglycosylated mucin-1 antigen	acquisition of structure	Mucin-1		Mucin-1				diagnostic|monitoring	multiple myeloma			human	hematological		14996745	Underglycosylated mucin-1 antigen (uMUC-1) is one of the early hallmarks of tumorigenesis and is overexpressed and underglycosylated on almost all human epithelial cell adenocarcinomas as well as in nonepithelial cancer cell lines, as well as in hematological malignancies such as multiple myeloma, and some B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas.
underglycosylated mucin-1 antigen	acquisition of structure	Mucin-1		Mucin-1				diagnostic|monitoring	B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas			human	hematological		14996745	Underglycosylated mucin-1 antigen (uMUC-1) is one of the early hallmarks of tumorigenesis and is overexpressed and underglycosylated on almost all human epithelial cell adenocarcinomas as well as in nonepithelial cancer cell lines, as well as in hematological malignancies such as multiple myeloma, and some B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas.
Lewis X trisaccharide	undetermined														12706970	These analogues will be used as soluble antigens in binding experiments with anti-Le(x) antibodies and can also be conjugated to a carrier protein and used as immunogens.
diantennary glycan	increased level	alpha 1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				prognostic	septic shock	Shock, Septic		Humans	serum		8785484	In the survivor group a transient increase in diantennary glycan content was accompanied by a gradually increasing fucosylation and SLeX expression, comparable to those observed in the early phase of an acute-inflammatory response.
fucosylation	increased level	alpha 1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				prognostic	septic shock	Shock, Septic		Humans	serum		8785484	In the survivor group a transient increase in diantennary glycan content was accompanied by a gradually increasing fucosylation and SLeX expression, comparable to those observed in the early phase of an acute-inflammatory response.
sialyl Lewisx (SLeX)	increased level	alpha 1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				prognostic	septic shock	Shock, Septic		Humans	serum		8785484	In the survivor group a transient increase in diantennary glycan content was accompanied by a gradually increasing fucosylation and SLeX expression, comparable to those observed in the early phase of an acute-inflammatory response.
diantennary glycan	increased level	alpha 1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				prognostic	septic shock	Shock, Septic		Humans	serum		8785484	Remarkably, in the non-survivor group a modest increase in diantennary glycan content was accompanied by a strong elevation of the fucosylation of AGP and the expression of SLeX groups on AGP, typical for the late phase of an acute-phase response.
fucosylation	increased level	alpha 1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				prognostic	septic shock	Shock, Septic		Humans	serum		8785484	Remarkably, in the non-survivor group a modest increase in diantennary glycan content was accompanied by a strong elevation of the fucosylation of AGP and the expression of SLeX groups on AGP, typical for the late phase of an acute-phase response.
sialyl Lewisx (SLeX)	increased level	alpha 1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				prognostic	septic shock	Shock, Septic		Humans	serum		8785484	Remarkably, in the non-survivor group a modest increase in diantennary glycan content was accompanied by a strong elevation of the fucosylation of AGP and the expression of SLeX groups on AGP, typical for the late phase of an acute-phase response.
N-glycosylation	decreased level				FUT8			response	diabetic cardiomyopathy	Diabetic Cardiomyopathies	1-DNJ administration	db/db mice	myocardium	Myocardium	29880742	The results indicated that 1-DNJ administration obviously downregulated myocardium protein N-glycosylation in db/db mice.
α-1,6-fucosylation	increased level	TGF-β receptor II			FUT8			response	diabetic cardiomyopathy	Diabetic Cardiomyopathies	1-DNJ administration	db/db mice	myocardium	Myocardium	29880742	The glycan α-1,6-fucosylation level of the db/db mouse myocardium was elevated, and the intervention effect of 1-DNJ administration on N-glycan α-1,6-fucosylation was significant.
CD43 determinants	decreased level	Membrane Glycoproteins		Membrane Glycoproteins								Humans	Dendritic Cells	Dendritic Cells	8379442	Dendritic cells have reduced cell surface membrane glycoproteins including CD43 determinants.
IgG Fc region N-glycosylation	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	serum		26740182	Herein, we report that breast cancer (BC) patients can be distinguished from cancer-free (NC) controls by serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) crystallizable fragment (Fc) region N-glycosylation profiling using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS).
Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (TF-antigen)	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					colorectal cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		human	tumour tissue		21823122	Peanut agglutinin (PNA) bound to MUC1 from tumour tissue in particular, suggests increased expression of the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (TF-antigen) (Core 1, Galβ1-3GalNAc-Ser/Thr).
Tn-antigen	unaltered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					colorectal cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		human	tumour tissue		21823122	Only small amounts of Tn-antigen (GalNAcα-Ser/Thr) expression was observed, but the human C-type lectin MGL showed increased binding to tumour-associated MUC1.
sialylation	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					colorectal cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		human	tumour tissue		21823122	Furthermore, sialylation was greatly enhanced.
Lewis X and Lewis Y	increased level	CEACAM5		CEACAM5 protein, human|Carcinoembryonic Antigen					colorectal cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		human	tumour tissue		21823122	In sharp contrast, tumour-associated CEA (CEACAM5) contained high levels of the blood-group related carbohydrates, Lewis X and Lewis Y.
mannose	increased level	CEACAM5		CEACAM5 protein, human|Carcinoembryonic Antigen					colorectal cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		human	tumour tissue		21823122	In addition, increased mannose expression was observed and branched N-glycans were prominent, and this correlated well with human Galectin-3 binding.
β64N glycoforms	decreased level	Clusterin		Clusterin				diagnostic|prognostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Human	Plasma		26488311	Eight β64N glycoforms are significantly reduced in patients with high atrophy compared with those with low atrophy, which demonstrates the utility of clusterin isoforms as diagnostic and prognostic Alzheimer's disease (AD) markers.
core2 O-glycan	loss of structure	sucrase isomaltase		Sucrase-Isomaltase Complex	Core2 β1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-2		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase		intestinal cell differentiation	Cell Differentiation		Mice	intestinal cells	Intestines	20841351	Interestingly, the fully glycosylated mature form of SI was decreased in C2GnT-2 knock-out mice but not in core2 N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-3 (C2GnT-3) nulls.
core2 O-glycan	loss of structure	dipeptidyl peptidase-IV		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4	Core2 β1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-2		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase		intestinal cell differentiation	Cell Differentiation		Mice	intestinal cells	Intestines	20841351	In addition, expression of SI and DPP-IV was dramatically reduced in C2GnT-1-3 triple knock-out mice.
core3 O-glycan	acquisition of structure	sucrase isomaltase|dipeptidyl peptidase-IV		Sucrase-Isomaltase Complex|Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4					intestinal cell differentiation	Cell Differentiation		Humans	HT-29 cells	HT29 Cells	20841351	Similarly, overexpression of the core3 structure in HT-29 cells attenuated cell surface expression of both enzymes.
serum glycome	altered level							diagnostic	cancer	Lung Neoplasms|Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		23651459	To this end, the serum glycome has been proposed as a potential source of biomarkers for different types of cancers.
N-glycans	altered level								malignant melanoma	Melanoma		Humans	LOX cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	10754467	We studied three metastatic cell lines, LOX (malignant melanoma), FEMX (malignant melanoma) and MA-11 (mammary carcinoma).
N-glycans	altered level								malignant melanoma	Melanoma		Humans	FEMX cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	10754467	We studied three metastatic cell lines, LOX (malignant melanoma), FEMX (malignant melanoma) and MA-11 (mammary carcinoma).
N-glycans	altered level								mammary carcinoma	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	MA-11 cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	10754467	We studied three metastatic cell lines, LOX (malignant melanoma), FEMX (malignant melanoma) and MA-11 (mammary carcinoma).
Alpha-1-beta glycoprotein	increased level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		19072160	It was possible to discriminate cancer from the other disease groups and normal samples with high sensitivity and specificity where the response of Alpha-1-beta glycoprotein to lectin SNA increased by 69% in the cancer sample compared to the other noncancer groups (95% confidence interval 53-86%).
sialoglycans	acquisition of structure	HLA class I and II antigens|transferrin receptor|surface IgM		HLA-D Antigens|Receptors, Transferrin|Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell	ecto-sialyltransferase		Sialyltransferases		differentiation markers	Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte		human	B lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes	8652824	On desialylated JOK-1 cells, ecto-ST in the presence of exogenous CMP-NeuAc was able to resialylate the B-cell surface sialoglycans CDw75 and HB-6 and major surface glycoproteins of B cells, such as HLA class I and II antigens, transferrin receptor, and surface IgM.
N-linked glycan	increased level	alpha-subunit		Glycoprotein Hormones, alpha Subunit					choriocarcinoma			Humans	JEG-3 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	10766799	In unperturbed JEG-3 cells, the alpha-subunit was present in both fully glycosylated and monoglycosylated precursor (pre-alpha) forms.
IgG galactosylation	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				predictive	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms	surgery	Humans	plasma		26831718	We have found that colorectal cancer associates with decrease in IgG galactosylation, IgG sialylation and increase in core-fucosylation of neutral glycans with concurrent decrease of core-fucosylation of sialylated glycans.
IgG sialylation	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				predictive	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms	surgery	Humans	plasma		26831718	We have found that colorectal cancer associates with decrease in IgG galactosylation, IgG sialylation and increase in core-fucosylation of neutral glycans with concurrent decrease of core-fucosylation of sialylated glycans.
core-fucosylation of neutral glycans	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				predictive	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms	surgery	Humans	plasma		26831718	We have found that colorectal cancer associates with decrease in IgG galactosylation, IgG sialylation and increase in core-fucosylation of neutral glycans with concurrent decrease of core-fucosylation of sialylated glycans.
core-fucosylation of sialylated glycans	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				predictive	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms	surgery	Humans	plasma		26831718	We have found that colorectal cancer associates with decrease in IgG galactosylation, IgG sialylation and increase in core-fucosylation of neutral glycans with concurrent decrease of core-fucosylation of sialylated glycans.
O-glycans	decreased level	chitotriosidase		chitotriosidase				diagnostic	type 2 diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		human	blood plasma		26494371	The relative reactivities with lectins, except Jacalin, decreased progressively with T2DM occurrence and albuminuria progression.
O-glycans	decreased level	chitotriosidase		chitotriosidase				diagnostic	diabetic nephropathy	Diabetic Nephropathies		human	blood plasma		26494371	The relative reactivities with lectins, except Jacalin, decreased progressively with T2DM occurrence and albuminuria progression.
core-1 mucin-type O-glycans	undetermined	Acute-Phase Proteins		Acute-Phase Proteins					disease progression			Humans	blood plasma		26598643	Site-specific glycosylation analysis is key to investigate structure-function relationships of glycoproteins, e.g. in the context of antigenicity and disease progression.
Sialyl-Tn antigen	acquisition of structure				CMP-sialic acid:GalNAc-mucin alpha6-sialyltransferase		Sialyltransferases|beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase	prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		rat	colon cancer cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	11308020	The Sialyl-Tn antigen (Sialyl alpha-Ser/Thr) is expressed as a cancer-associated antigen on the surface of cancer cells.
O-glycan core 3	loss of structure								colorectal cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		rat	colon cancer cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	11308020	O-glycosylation pathways in rat colon cancer cells were significantly different from normal rat colonic mucosa; for example, rat colon cancer cells lost the ability to synthesize O-glycan core 3.
sialyl-core 1 structure (NeuAcα2-3galactosyl β1-3-N-acetylgalactosamine)	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	cholangiocarcinoma	Cholangiocarcinoma		Humans	tissue sections		28581490	Tissue sections (5 μm thick) of patients with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA; n=21) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC; n=50) were stained with an anti-MUC1 antibody MY.1E12 that was established as a monoclonal antibody recognizing an MUC1 glycosylation isoform with a sialyl-core 1 structure (NeuAcα2-3galactosyl β1-3-N-acetylgalactosamine).
sialyl-core 1 structure (NeuAcα2-3galactosyl β1-3-N-acetylgalactosamine)	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	tissue sections		28581490	Tissue sections (5 μm thick) of patients with cholangiocarcinoma (CCA; n=21) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC; n=50) were stained with an anti-MUC1 antibody MY.1E12 that was established as a monoclonal antibody recognizing an MUC1 glycosylation isoform with a sialyl-core 1 structure (NeuAcα2-3galactosyl β1-3-N-acetylgalactosamine).
O-linked oligosaccharides	altered level	CD13		CD13 Antigens								Humans	HUVE cells		1705556	"Sequential immunoprecipitation studies with WM15 and AG6 of pipz ""4"" and purified o-glycanase-treated CD13 showed that the subpopulations were due to the O-linked oligosaccharides."
glycan variant	altered level	MUC5AC		MUC5AC protein, human|Mucin 5AC				diagnostic	mucinous cystic neoplasms	Cystadenoma, Mucinous		Humans	cyst fluid	Cyst Fluid	20395854	The detection of a glycan variant on MUC5AC using the lectin wheat-germ agglutinin discriminated mucin-producing cystic tumors (mucinous cystic neoplasms+intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms) from benign cystic lesions (serous cystadenomas+pseudocysts) with a 78% sensitivity at 80% specificity, and when used in combination with cyst fluid CA 19-9 gave a sensitivity of 87% at 86% specificity.
glycan variant	altered level	MUC5AC		MUC5AC protein, human|Mucin 5AC				diagnostic	intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms			Humans	cyst fluid	Cyst Fluid	20395854	The detection of a glycan variant on MUC5AC using the lectin wheat-germ agglutinin discriminated mucin-producing cystic tumors (mucinous cystic neoplasms+intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms) from benign cystic lesions (serous cystadenomas+pseudocysts) with a 78% sensitivity at 80% specificity, and when used in combination with cyst fluid CA 19-9 gave a sensitivity of 87% at 86% specificity.
Tn antigen	increased level	Mucins		Mucins				risk	ulcerative colitis	Colitis	Antibiotic depletion of the microbiota	Mice	colon tissues	Intestinal Mucosa	27059389	Intestinal tissues from DKO mice contained higher levels of Tn antigen and had more severe spontaneous chronic colitis than tissues from IEC C1galt1(-/-) mice, whereas spontaneous colitis was absent in C3GnT(-/-) and control mice.
Tn antigen	increased level	Mucins		Mucins				risk	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms	Antibiotic depletion of the microbiota	Mice	colon tissues	Intestinal Mucosa	27059389	IEC C1galt1(-/-) mice and DKO mice developed spontaneous colorectal tumors, although the onset of tumors in the DKO mice occurred earlier (age, 8-9 months) than that in IEC C1galt1(-/-) mice (15 months old).
N197 glycan	loss of structure	Env		env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus				response	HIV-1	HIV-1	vaccine design	Humans	HIV Envelope Protein gp120	HIV Envelope Protein gp120	27489265	Previous studies have shown that the removal of a particular conserved glycan at N197 increases the neutralization sensitivity of the virus to antibodies targeting the CD4 binding site (CD4bs), making it a site of significant interest from the perspective of vaccine design.
GlcNAc beta1,6 branching on N-glycans	loss of structure	T-cell receptors		Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell	beta1,6 N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V	Mgat5	N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases	risk	kidney autoimmune disease	Autoimmunity		Mice	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	11217864	Mgat5-deficient mice showed kidney autoimmune disease, enhanced delayed-type hypersensitivity, and increased susceptibility to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
GlcNAc beta1,6 branching on N-glycans	loss of structure	T-cell receptors		Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell	beta1,6 N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V	Mgat5	N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases	risk	delayed-type hypersensitivity	Hypersensitivity, Delayed		Mice	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	11217864	Mgat5-deficient mice showed kidney autoimmune disease, enhanced delayed-type hypersensitivity, and increased susceptibility to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
GlcNAc beta1,6 branching on N-glycans	loss of structure	T-cell receptors		Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell	beta1,6 N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V	Mgat5	N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases	risk	experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis			Mice	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	11217864	Mgat5-deficient mice showed kidney autoimmune disease, enhanced delayed-type hypersensitivity, and increased susceptibility to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
GlcNAc beta1,6 branching on N-glycans	loss of structure	T-cell receptors		Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell	beta1,6 N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V	Mgat5	N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases	risk	multiple sclerosis			Humans	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	11217864	Dysregulation of Mgat5 in humans may increase susceptibility to autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis.
N-glycan	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|response	major depressive disorder	Depressive Disorder, Major	antidepressant treatment	Humans	blood plasma		29317657	In our exploratory study, we analysed N-glycan profiles in blood plasma samples collected from MDD patients (n = 18) and found gender-dependent correlations with severity of depressive symptoms prior to initiating antidepressant treatment.
N-glycan	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				response	major depressive disorder	Depressive Disorder, Major	antidepressant treatment	Humans	peripheral blood mononuclear cells	Monocytes	29317657	In addition, several N-glycosylation traits showed gender-dependent associations with clinical antidepressant response.
N-glycosylated subunits	altered level	ICOS		ICOS protein, human|Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator Protein					T cell activation			Human	T cells	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes|CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	11169414	Detailed analysis of human ICOS presented here shows that it is a 55-60-kDa homodimer with differently N-glycosylated subunits of 27 and 29 kDa.
sialylated hybrid structures	decreased level							diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum	Blood Chemical Analysis	23088875	We observed a significant downregulation of sialylated hybrid structures in ovarian cancer samples using capillary electrophoresis-laser-induced fluorescence (CE-LIF).
sialylated hybrid structures	increased level								sepsis	Sepsis		Humans	serum	Blood Chemical Analysis	23088875	Because sialylated hybrid structures were upregulated in sepsis samples, the downregulation of these structures in ovarian cancer is specific to the cancer itself and, therefore, could be used as a biomarker.
glycosylated short consensus repeats	unaltered level	CD46		CD46 protein, human|Membrane Cofactor Protein					Measles	Measles virus		Humans	cell surface	Humans	10357804	The cell surface receptor for measles virus in humans is CD46, a complement cofactor.
N-glycan	decreased level								cancer	Neoplasms		human			31622036	The degradation of N-glycan and keratan sulfate, for example, may promote the growth or metastasis of multiple types of cancer, including endometrial, gastric, and nasopharyngeal.
keratan sulfate	decreased level								cancer	Neoplasms		human			31622036	The degradation of N-glycan and keratan sulfate, for example, may promote the growth or metastasis of multiple types of cancer, including endometrial, gastric, and nasopharyngeal.
N-linked GlcNAc	acquisition of structure	CEACAM1		Antigens, CD|CD66 antigens|Cell Adhesion Molecules					cancer			Humans			27471271	Our findings demonstrate that even addition of a single N-linked GlcNAc at potential glycosylation sites inhibits dimer formation.
N-linked oligosaccharides	loss of structure	PAS IV|CD36		PAS-4 protein, Bos taurus|CD36 Antigens	endoglycosidase F							Human|Bovine	mammary epithelial cells|platelet	Epithelium|Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins	1699598	The removal of N-linked oligosaccharides from PAS IV and CD36 by treatment with endoglycosidase F reduced the apparent Mr of both proteins to approximately 57,000.
polysialic acid	increased level							diagnostic	systemic sclerosis	Scleroderma, Systemic		Humans	skin	Skin	37742510	Dermal polySia levels were highest in patients with dSSc (compared to HC < 0.001), and correlated with the degree of fibrosis in all of the groups (P = 0.008).
polysialic acid	increased level							diagnostic	systemic sclerosis	Scleroderma, Systemic		Humans	serum		37742510	Serum polySia was higher in all SSc groups (p < 0.001) and correlated with the severity of mRSS (p < 0.0001).
triantennary glycan-containing outer arm (alpha-1,3) fucosylation	increased level	alpha-1-antitrypsin	SERPINA1	SERPINA1 protein, human|alpha 1-Antitrypsin				diagnostic	liver cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		human	liver	Liver Neoplasms	20811639	Patients with liver cirrhosis and liver cancer had increased levels of triantennary glycan-containing outer arm (alpha-1,3) fucosylation.
triantennary glycan-containing outer arm (alpha-1,3) fucosylation	increased level	alpha-1-antitrypsin	SERPINA1	SERPINA1 protein, human|alpha 1-Antitrypsin				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	liver	Liver Neoplasms	20811639	Patients with liver cirrhosis and liver cancer had increased levels of triantennary glycan-containing outer arm (alpha-1,3) fucosylation.
core (alpha-1,6) fucosylation	increased level	alpha-1-antitrypsin	SERPINA1	SERPINA1 protein, human|alpha 1-Antitrypsin				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	liver	Liver Neoplasms	20811639	Increases in core (alpha-1,6) fucosylation were observed only on A1AT from patients with cancer.
bisecting GlcNAc	acquisition of structure	Erythropoietin		Erythropoietin					severe anemia		therapy	Humans	lymphoblastoid cell line	Cell Line	10764840	Thus, 80% of N-glycans possess a bisecting GlcNAc residue, 25% bear a second fucose residue which is present, in a large part, in a sialyl Le(x)motif, and 13% contain more than three LacNAc repeats (up to five per molecule).
sialyl Le(x) motif	acquisition of structure	Erythropoietin		Erythropoietin					severe anemia		therapy	Humans	lymphoblastoid cell line	Cell Line	10764840	Thus, 80% of N-glycans possess a bisecting GlcNAc residue, 25% bear a second fucose residue which is present, in a large part, in a sialyl Le(x)motif, and 13% contain more than three LacNAc repeats (up to five per molecule).
more than three LacNAc repeats	acquisition of structure	Erythropoietin		Erythropoietin					severe anemia		therapy	Humans	lymphoblastoid cell line	Cell Line	10764840	Thus, 80% of N-glycans possess a bisecting GlcNAc residue, 25% bear a second fucose residue which is present, in a large part, in a sialyl Le(x)motif, and 13% contain more than three LacNAc repeats (up to five per molecule).
high-mannose type (Man(4) to Man(9))	undetermined	RNAse B		Ribonuclease, Pancreatic|pancreatic ribonuclease B, bovine								Bovine			17960575	For RNAse, B glycans of the high-mannose type (Man(4) to Man(9)) attached to either a tetra- or a hexapeptide containing the sole N-glycosylation site of the protein were detected.
oligosaccharides of the triantennary complex type	undetermined	FETUA		Fetuins|asialofetuin								Bovine			17960575	Glycopeptides derived from all three N-glycosylation sites of FETUA were observed, and the corresponding CID spectra proved the respective glycans to be oligosaccharides of the triantennary complex type.
Gal-GalNAc	undetermined	FETUA		Fetuins|asialofetuin								Bovine			17960575	Moreover, an O-glycopeptide carrying Gal-GalNAc at T(280) could be unambiguously identified.
disialylated diantennary glycans	undetermined	TRFE		Transferrin								Human		Humans	17960575	Disialylated diantennary glycans were observed in glycopeptides of both N-glycosylation sites of TRFE.
glycosylated trastuzumab	decreased level	trastuzumab		ERBB2 protein, human|Receptor, ErbB-2					cancer	Neoplasms		human	tumor cell	Cell Line, Tumor	23030766	Incorporation of this engineered Fc into trastuzumab, an anti-Her2 antibody, resulted in a 75% increase in tumor cell phagocytosis by macrophages compared to that of the parental glycosylated trastuzumab with both medium and low Her2-expressing cancer cells.
sialyl Le(x)	acquisition of structure														15080685	Three enzymatic glycosylations on glass slides were consecutively performed to generate carbohydrate microarrays that contained the complex oligosaccharide, sialyl Le(x).
O-glycosylated tandem repeat domain of MUC1	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					metastatic spread of tumor cells	Neoplasms		Humans	tumor cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	11745478	These results demonstrate for the first time that the heavily O-glycosylated tandem repeat domain of MUC1 can simultaneously mediate and block binding to adhesion molecules with some molecular specificity and further support the hypothesis that MUC1 plays a dual role in the metastatic spread of tumor cells.
N-linked glycosylation	unaltered level	CD4		CD4 Antigens					HIV infection			Rat	T lymphocytes		7922025	The location of N-linked glycosylation on one face of domain 3 appears to preclude the dimerization that is observed in antibodies.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	mucin		Mucins				diagnostic	colon cancer			human	LS174T cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	1281060	In order to develop reagents that can detect the exposed core carbohydrate antigens of mucins, we have prepared monoclonal antibodies against partially deglycosylated LS174T human colon cancer mucin.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	mucin		Mucins				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer			human	pancreas		1281060	There was no staining of normal pancreas or breast, suggesting that these antibodies may be particularly useful for detecting cancers in these two organs.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	mucin		Mucins				diagnostic	breast cancer			human	breast		1281060	There was no staining of normal pancreas or breast, suggesting that these antibodies may be particularly useful for detecting cancers in these two organs.
sialylated oligosaccharide chains	increased level	glycoproteins		Oligosaccharides					cancer	Neoplasms					23666732	One of the major consequences is the increase of sialylated oligosaccharide chains in glycoproteins.
N-linked glycosylation	altered level	CD1d1		Antigens, CD1|Antigens, CD1d					lack of NKT cell activation			mouse			17725604	Mutating all five glycosylation residues resulted in the absence of detectable CD1d1 expression, with a concomitant lack of NKT cell activation.
advanced glycation end products	decreased level							response	obesity	Obesity	trigonelline-enriched yoghurt	mice	liver	Liver	31812909	Trigonelline-enriched yoghurt prevented fat accumulation in adipose tissue, improved both insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance and exerted anti-inflammatory and antiglycation activities (reduced AGEs and AGE receptor levels and increased the levels of components related to AGE detoxification) in liver and kidney of HFD mice.
advanced glycation end products	decreased level							response	obesity	Obesity	trigonelline-enriched yoghurt	mice	kidney	Kidney	31812909	Trigonelline-enriched yoghurt prevented fat accumulation in adipose tissue, improved both insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance and exerted anti-inflammatory and antiglycation activities (reduced AGEs and AGE receptor levels and increased the levels of components related to AGE detoxification) in liver and kidney of HFD mice.
fatty acid unsaturation	decreased level								longevity	Longevity	atenolol	C57BL/6 mice	heart	Myocardium	20818929	Atenolol treatment did not change the rate of mitROS production and oxidative damage to mitDNA (8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine [8-oxodG]), but strongly decreased the degree of fatty acid unsaturation and the peroxidizability index, mainly due to decreases in 22:6n-3 and 20:4n-6 and to increases in 18:1n-9, 16:1n-7 and 16:0 in the atenolol group.
hyperglycosylated human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG-H)	increased level	human chorionic gonadotropin		Chorionic Gonadotropin				diagnostic	chromosomal aberrations			human	embryo	Embryo, Mammalian	32323120	Our results suggest that chromosomal aberrations in human embryos are associated with an increased secretion of hCG-H.
core sugars	unaltered level	cystatin F		CST7 protein, human								human	hematopoietic cells		16601115	Strikingly, core sugars for one of the two N-linked glycosylation sites of cystatin F are well ordered, and their conformation and interactions with the protein indicate that this unique feature of cystatin F may modulate its inhibitory properties, in particular its reduced affinity toward asparaginyl endopeptidase compared with other cystatins.
N-linked glycosylation	altered level	CD39		Antigens, CD|CD39 antigen											15777625	It has been previously reported that N-linked glycosylation is essential for the surface localization of CD39 and for its cellular activity.
T antigen	acquisition of structure				sialyltransferases|histo-blood group ABH transferases			diagnostic	malignant transformation			human	oral epithelia	Mouth Mucosa	1940443	Simple mucin-type carbohydrate antigens, T, Tn, and sialosyl-Tn, have been found to be good markers of malignant transformation in several epithelial tissues as a result of incomplete synthesis with precursor accumulation.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure				sialyltransferases|histo-blood group ABH transferases			diagnostic	malignant transformation			human	oral epithelia	Mouth Mucosa	1940443	Simple mucin-type carbohydrate antigens, T, Tn, and sialosyl-Tn, have been found to be good markers of malignant transformation in several epithelial tissues as a result of incomplete synthesis with precursor accumulation.
sialosyl-Tn antigen	acquisition of structure				sialyltransferases|histo-blood group ABH transferases			diagnostic	malignant transformation			human	oral epithelia	Mouth Mucosa	1940443	Simple mucin-type carbohydrate antigens, T, Tn, and sialosyl-Tn, have been found to be good markers of malignant transformation in several epithelial tissues as a result of incomplete synthesis with precursor accumulation.
N-linked glycoproteins	altered level								diabetic nephropathy	Diabetic Nephropathies		rat	kidney	Kidney Cortex	25587705	Hyperglycemia per se is expected to have a direct impact on the biosynthesis of N- and O-linked glycoproteins.
O-linked glycoproteins	altered level								diabetic nephropathy	Diabetic Nephropathies		rat	kidney	Kidney Cortex	25587705	Hyperglycemia per se is expected to have a direct impact on the biosynthesis of N- and O-linked glycoproteins.
core-fucosylated	altered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer			human	serum		29408166	Recently, site-specific fucosylation of glycoproteins has attracted attention as it can be associated with several types of cancers including prostate cancer.
core-fucosylated	altered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	benign prostatic hyperplasia			human	serum		29408166	This method could be used in large patient cohorts as core-fucosylated PSA may be a diagnostic biomarker for the differentiation of prostate cancer and other prostatic diseases, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
N-acetyl-d-lactosamine	increased level	CD44		CD44 protein, human|Cd44 protein, mouse				diagnostic|response	Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection	Mycobacterium tuberculosis|Tuberculosis	ABA	Human	Macrophages	Macrophages, Peritoneal	28454656	The binding ability of the lectin ABA to macrophages showed the greatest increase after virulent M. tb H37Rv treatment, which suggests that the expression of N-acetyl-d-lactosamine (ABA binding ligand Galβ1-3GalNAc, O-link glycan) is mainly increased on macrophages during virulent M.tb infection.
glycation	decreased level	albumin		Serum Albumin, Bovine					Oxidative stress	Oxidative Stress	pioglitazone	Bovine	HEK-293 cell line	HEK293 Cells	30096396	We observed that levels of glycation markers were reduced at higher concentration of pioglitazone as compared to glycated albumin.
glycation	decreased level	albumin		Serum Albumin, Bovine					Inflammation	Inflammation	pioglitazone	Bovine	HEK-293 cell line	HEK293 Cells	30096396	Pioglitazone has potentially restored cellular antioxidants and reduced levels of IL-6 and TNF-α by declining expression of membrane RAGE and NF-κB.
glycosylated hemoglobin	decreased level	hemoglobin		Biomarkers				risk	type 1 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1	hydro-methanolic roots extract of Rauwolfia serpentina	mice	blood		34248005	HyMREt doses produced meaningful (p<0.0001) reduction (-39 to -53%) in FBG.
glycosylation	decreased level	hemoglobin		Biomarkers				risk	type 1 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1	hydro-methanolic roots extract of Rauwolfia serpentina	mice	blood		34248005	Administration of test doses of HyMREt were significantly reduced the glycosylation, oxidative stress and anemia caused by alloxan intoxication in mice.
SSEA-4	unaltered level							diagnostic	stem-cell marker		identifying and sorting stem-cells	Humans	stem-cells	Stage-Specific Embryonic Antigens	25163606	We conclude that the terminal saccharide plays a dominant role in the ability of monoclonal antibodies to recognize these Globo-series glycans and that the extraordinary specificity of these antibodies supports their use for identifying and sorting stem-cells (α-SSEA-4) and as an agent in cancer immunotherapy (α-GH).
Globo H	unaltered level							diagnostic|response	cancer-cell antigen	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate	cancer immunotherapy	Humans	cancer-cells		25163606	We conclude that the terminal saccharide plays a dominant role in the ability of monoclonal antibodies to recognize these Globo-series glycans and that the extraordinary specificity of these antibodies supports their use for identifying and sorting stem-cells (α-SSEA-4) and as an agent in cancer immunotherapy (α-GH).
CD43 130 kDa glycoform	increased level	CD43		Antigens, CD	beta 1-6GlcNAc transferase		Glycosyltransferases		graft-versus-host disease	Graft vs Host Disease		mouse	T-lymphocyte	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes|CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	7537557	An increase in T-lymphocyte CD43 130 kDa expression occurred during GVHD from day 4 onwards and coincided with splenomegaly and upregulation of the beta 1-6GlcNAc transferase (C2GnT), the key enzyme responsible for the addition of complex O-glycan branching to CD43.
CD43 115 kDa glycoform	decreased level	CD43		Antigens, CD					graft-versus-host disease	Graft vs Host Disease		mouse	CD8+ T cells	CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	7537557	However, in CD8+ T cells, CD43 115 kDa was downregulated while CD43 130 kDa was dramatically upregulated, such that two distinct CD8+1B11+ T-cell subsets were observed.
highly branched N-glycans	decreased level	E-cadherin		CDH1 protein, human|Cadherins	β4-galactosyltransferase 1		beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase I	diagnostic	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		human	A549 cell line	A549 Cells	28529241	Lectin blotting revealed that the β4-galactosylation of highly branched N-glycans decreases mainly in cell adhesion molecule, E-cadherin.
core fucosylated	decreased level							diagnostic	light chain multiple myeloma	Multiple Myeloma		Humans	serum		26075387	Moreover, the decreased core fucosylation, bisecting and increased sialylation characters of serum glycoproteins were observed in patients with LCMM.
bisecting	decreased level							diagnostic	light chain multiple myeloma	Multiple Myeloma		Humans	serum		26075387	Moreover, the decreased core fucosylation, bisecting and increased sialylation characters of serum glycoproteins were observed in patients with LCMM.
sialylated	increased level							diagnostic	light chain multiple myeloma	Multiple Myeloma		Humans	serum		26075387	Moreover, the decreased core fucosylation, bisecting and increased sialylation characters of serum glycoproteins were observed in patients with LCMM.
complex-type N-glycans	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					apical trafficking		1-deoxymannojirimycin	human	HT-29 cells	HT29 Cells	19426135	In the presence of 1-deoxymannojirimycin, a drug which inhibits the generation of hybrid-type or complex type N-glycans, the extensively O-glycosylated mucin-like MUC1 glycoprotein was not delivered to the apical brush border but accumulated inside the cells.
fucosylation	decreased level	alpha-1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic	breast cancer stage I	Breast Neoplasms		Homo sapiens	serum		32627751	Meanwhile, terminal fucosylation and high-mannose-type glycans appeared to be lowest in BC I.
high-mannose-type glycans	decreased level	alpha-1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic	breast cancer stage I	Breast Neoplasms		Homo sapiens	serum		32627751	Meanwhile, terminal fucosylation and high-mannose-type glycans appeared to be lowest in BC I.
N-glycosylation	unaltered level	napsin A		NAPSA protein, human				diagnostic	kidney dysfunction	Kidney Diseases		human	urine		11078958	A deglycosylation study showed that excreted napsin A is N-glycosylated on apparently all of the three potential glycosylation sites.
N-linked oligosaccharides	acquisition of structure	CD5		CD5 Antigens											10458319	Our results show the presence of N-linked oligosaccharides on D1 and D2, but not on D3.
glycosylation	undetermined	NELL1		NELL1 protein, human					bone regeneration			Human	HEK293 cells	HEK293 Cells	21814724	Recombinant NELL1 formed multimers and was glycosylated.
glucosylated free oligosaccharides	increased level				alpha-glucosidases I and II		alpha-Glucosidases	diagnostic	ER-glucosidase inhibition		NB-DNJ	mouse|human	urine		17868040	In mouse and human urine, glucosylated FOS were detected as a result of transrenal excretion and provide unique and quantifiable biomarkers of ER-glucosidase inhibition.
N-linked oligosaccharides	altered level	CD39		Antigens, CD|CD39 antigen								Rat	COS7 cells	COS Cells	15673609	The results indicate that rat CD39 can be glycosylated at all seven sites when expressed in COS7 cells.
GlycA	unaltered level								atrial fibrillation	Atrial Fibrillation		Humans			33765041	There was no statistically significant association between GlycA and incident AF after adjusting for sociodemographics, CVD risk factors, and other inflammatory markers [Hazard Ratio (95% CI) per 1 SD increment in GlycA: 0.97 (0.88-1.06)].
HbAIc	increased level			Glycated Hemoglobin A				diagnostic|prognostic	carbohydrate metabolism disorders			Humans		Humans	1308587	"The diagnostic and prognostic importance of HbAIc and FA was determined, and their combined use for single investigation of carbohydrate metabolism was recommended, making it possible to exclude ""accidental"" latent transitory hyperglycemia."
FA	increased level			Fructosamine				diagnostic|prognostic	carbohydrate metabolism disorders			Humans		Humans	1308587	"The diagnostic and prognostic importance of HbAIc and FA was determined, and their combined use for single investigation of carbohydrate metabolism was recommended, making it possible to exclude ""accidental"" latent transitory hyperglycemia."
glycated albumin	increased level	albumin		Serum Albumin				diagnostic	diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus		Humans	serum		2612342	We compared the usefulness of three glycated serum proteins, glycated albumin (GA), glycated hemoglobin (HBA1c) and fructosamine (FA), for diabetic screening purposes.
glycated hemoglobin	increased level	hemoglobin		Glycated Hemoglobin A				diagnostic	diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus		Humans	serum		2612342	We compared the usefulness of three glycated serum proteins, glycated albumin (GA), glycated hemoglobin (HBA1c) and fructosamine (FA), for diabetic screening purposes.
fructosamine	increased level			Fructosamine				diagnostic	diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus		Humans	serum		2612342	We compared the usefulness of three glycated serum proteins, glycated albumin (GA), glycated hemoglobin (HBA1c) and fructosamine (FA), for diabetic screening purposes.
glycosylation	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				predictive	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease		Humans	circulating IgG	Immunoglobulin G	39122923	Changes in the glycosylation of circulating IgG predict future Crohn's disease onset.
O-linked glycosylation	altered level	Mucin 1		Mucin-1|MUC1 protein, human				diagnostic|response	adenocarcinomas	Neoplasms		Humans	epithelial cells	Humans	38508723	MUC1 has a barrier function against bacterial invasion and is well known for its aberrant expression and glycosylation in adenocarcinomas.
hyperglycosylated human chorionic gonadotropin	increased level	human chorionic gonadotropin		Chorionic Gonadotropin				predictive|diagnostic	ongoing pregnancy	Pregnancy	in vitro fertilization	human	serum		24355054	Ongoing pregnancy (62 of 112 participants) was associated with higher D9 levels of hhCG and hCG.
Thomsen-Freidenreich (TF) antigen	increased level							diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	Nipple aspirate fluid		16203776	The objective of this study was to determine if NAF from breasts with cancer contains elevated levels of TF and Tn compared with NAF from normal breasts.
Tn antigen	increased level							diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	Nipple aspirate fluid		16203776	The objective of this study was to determine if NAF from breasts with cancer contains elevated levels of TF and Tn compared with NAF from normal breasts.
sialyl-trimeric-Lewis x	undetermined				Fucosyltransferases V|Fucosyltransferases VI		Fucosyltransferases|Fucosyltransferases								10785811	Notably, fucosyltransferases V and VI showed different specificities for the sialyl-tri-lactosamine core structure.
IgG glycosylation	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	chronic graft-versus-host disease	Graft vs Host Disease		Humans			34335560	Changes in IgG glycosylation are associated with a number of autoimmune diseases.
glycans	altered level							diagnostic	cancer			Humans		Humans	19081926	Over 40 years of literature shows that glycosylation is greatly affected by diseases such as cancer.
N-linked sugars	acquisition of structure	cystatin F		CST7 protein, human|Cystatins								human	immune cells		19192250	We demonstrate the unusual addition of N-linked sugars to an Asn-X-Cys motif in cystatin F and provide evidence that the mannose 6-phosphate sorting machinery is used to divert cystatin F from the secretory pathway and to mediate its uptake from extracellular pools.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure				T-synthase	C1GALT1	C1GALT1 protein, human		Tn syndrome			Humans	blood cells		16251947	Tn syndrome is a rare autoimmune disease in which subpopulations of blood cells in all lineages carry an incompletely glycosylated membrane glycoprotein, known as the Tn antigen.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure				T-synthase	C1GALT1	C1GALT1 protein, human		IgA nephropathy			Humans	blood cells		16251947	The production of the autoimmune Tn antigen by a glycosyltransferase enzyme rendered defective by a disabled chaperone may have implications for other Tn-related disorders such as IgA nephropathy, a condition that can result in renal failure.
N-glycosylation	unaltered level	gamma chains		Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta					allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction			mouse	spleen|lymph-node|thymocyte	Spleen	2957697	Whereas the electrophoretic mobility and the N-glycosylation of the spleen and lymph-node gamma chains are indistinguishable from those of the reported thymocyte gamma chain, a minor fraction of the T blasts generated by allogeneic stimulation of B10 lymph-node T cells with B10.BR spleen cells seems to express gamma chains with distinct properties.
advanced glycation end product	acquisition of structure	catalase|aldehyde dehydrogenase 2|medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase|3-ketoacyl-CoA dehydrogenase		|Biomarkers|Biomarkers|Biomarkers					aging	Aging		rat	liver mitochondria	Mitochondria, Liver	23906978	Immunodetection and further identification of glycated proteins disclosed a set of advanced glycation end product-modified proteins, including 6 enzymes involved in the fatty acid β-oxidation process, and 2 enzymes of the TCA/urea cycles.
glycosylation	altered level	secretory proteins|cell wall-associated glycoproteins|SDS-soluble cell wall proteins		Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins|Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins|Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins	glycosyltransferases				increased sensitivity to ER stress			Saccharomyces cerevisiae	cell	Cell Wall	21120625	Analyses of secretory proteins and cell wall-associated glycoproteins showed severe impairment of glycosylation in this mutant.
N-glycosylations	altered level	alpha 2-HS glycoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins					Carcinoma, Hepatocellular	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	HepG2	Tumor Cells, Cultured	7525288	Native alpha 2-HS undergoes a series of posttranslational modifications including proteolytic processing, multiple N-glycosylations and O-glycosylations, and sulfation of the carbohydrate side chains.
O-glycosylations	altered level	alpha 2-HS glycoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins					Carcinoma, Hepatocellular	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	HepG2	Tumor Cells, Cultured	7525288	Native alpha 2-HS undergoes a series of posttranslational modifications including proteolytic processing, multiple N-glycosylations and O-glycosylations, and sulfation of the carbohydrate side chains.
N-glycosylation	altered level	Carcinoembryonic antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen				diagnostic	Colonic Neoplasms	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	Colon	Colon	1717152	Carcinoembryonic antigen, an apical membrane glycoprotein expressed in normal human colonic epithelial cells, colonic polyps, tumor, and tissue culture cell lines originating from colonic adenocarcinomas, is generally considered to have a molecular weight of 180,000.
oligosaccharides	unaltered level	gp120 envelope glycoprotein		gp120 protein, Simian immunodeficiency virus					Simian immunodeficiency virus infection			Simian immunodeficiency virus	envelope glycoprotein	Viral Envelope Proteins	15698564	We have now determined the structure of a fully glycosylated SIV gp120 envelope glycoprotein in an unliganded conformation by X-ray crystallography at 4.0 A resolution.
high mannose	unaltered level	Dipeptidyl peptidase IV		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4								mouse	fibroblasts		8651931	The D599A mutant remained as a high mannose immature glycoprotein and was rapidly degraded.
N-glycan	decreased level	CD45		Antigens, CD|Leukocyte Common Antigens					erythroleukemia			human	K562 cell line	Cells, Cultured	1531639	Immunofluorescence flow cytometry and Scatchard techniques revealed that CD45 cell surface expression was decreased in a time- and dose-dependent manner upon tunicamycin incubation.
NeuAc-Gal-GlcNAc2	acquisition of structure	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	ALG1-CDG	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		Humans	serum	Serum	26335155	We show mass spectrometric data combined with data from enzymatic digestions that suggest the presence of a tetrasaccharide consisting of two N-acetylglucosamines, one galactose, and one sialic acid, appearing on serum TF, is a biomarker of this particular CDG subtype.
core-fucosylation of biantennary structures	altered level	prostatic proteins		Proteins				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	urine		25358590	A significant difference was found in core-fucosylation of biantennary structures and overall core-fucosylation of multiantennary structures between Gleason < 7 and Gleason > 7 (P = 0.010 and P = 0.020, respectively) and between Gleason = 7 and Gleason > 7 (P = 0.011 and P = 0.025, respectively).
core-fucosylation of multiantennary structures	altered level	prostatic proteins		Proteins				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	urine		25358590	A significant difference was found in core-fucosylation of biantennary structures and overall core-fucosylation of multiantennary structures between Gleason < 7 and Gleason > 7 (P = 0.010 and P = 0.020, respectively) and between Gleason = 7 and Gleason > 7 (P = 0.011 and P = 0.025, respectively).
heavily-glycosylated MUC1	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					lung development			Human	fetal respiratory tracts	Fetus	17664159	Each monoclonal antibody has been shown to recognize heavily-glycosylated MUC1, sparsely-glycosylated MUC1, and sialylated carbohydrate side chains of MUC1, respectively.
sparsely-glycosylated MUC1	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					lung development			Human	fetal respiratory tracts	Fetus	17664159	Sparsely-glycosylated MUC1, as recognized by HMFG2, was detected only in the distal portions of the terminal bronchioles that divided into respiratory bronchioles.
sialylated carbohydrate side chains of MUC1	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					lung development			Human	fetal respiratory tracts	Fetus	17664159	Each monoclonal antibody has been shown to recognize heavily-glycosylated MUC1, sparsely-glycosylated MUC1, and sialylated carbohydrate side chains of MUC1, respectively.
alpha-N-acetylgalactosamine	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1	GalNAc-T1|GalNAc-T3				breast tumor			Humans			11009623	A comparison of the solution structure of the APDTRP fragment with a crystal structure of the MUC1 peptide antigen bound to the breast tumor-specific antibody SM3 demonstrated significant structural similarities in the general shape.
high mannose	increased level	CD14		Glycoproteins					Gram-negative septic shock		itraconazole	Humans	macrophages	Macrophages	19414590	We have found that incubation of macrophages with itraconazole (ICZ), an azole antifungal commonly used in humans, altered both the expression and glycosylation of CD14.
Tn antigen	increased level			Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate	Cosmc		C1GALT1C1 protein, human		IgA nephropathy			Human	leukocytes	Leukocytes	23035125	Dysfunctional Cosmc results in the formation of inactive T-synthase and consequent expression of the Tn antigen (GalNAcα1-Ser/Thr), which is associated with several human diseases.
Tn antigen	increased level			Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate	Cosmc		C1GALT1C1 protein, human		cancer			Human	leukocytes	Leukocytes	23035125	Dysfunctional Cosmc results in the formation of inactive T-synthase and consequent expression of the Tn antigen (GalNAcα1-Ser/Thr), which is associated with several human diseases.
N-glycans	acquisition of structure	CD47		CD47 Antigen|CD47 protein, human					Ovarian Neoplasms	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	Erythrocytes	Erythrocytes	7998989	We show that three of these sites carry N-glycans in erythrocytes.
sgp-60	altered level	sgp-60		Glycoproteins					T cell activation	Lymphocyte Activation		murine	CD4+ T cells	T-Lymphocytes	1975823	Extensive, higher-order cross-linking of this glycoprotein with an anti-sgp-60 mAb and a second-step antibody reagent results in the activation of resting CD4+ T cells in the presence of a second signal.
N-linked glycosylation	increased level	CXCR-4		Receptors, CXCR4					HIV-2 infection	HIV-2		Mink|Feline	Mv-1-lu cells|CCC cells	Mink|Cats	9151832	Mutation of the two N-linked glycosylation sites on CXCR-4 (N11-->I, and N176-->Q) or pretreatment of CCC or Mv-1-lu cells expressing wild-type CXCR-4 with the glycosylation inhibitor tunicamycin increased fusion and entry by ROD/B.
O-glycan	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1	GalNAc-T4		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases								10984485	O-Glycan attachment to selected sites, most notably two sites in the MUC1 tandem repeat, is entirely dependent on the glycosylation-dependent function of GalNAc-T4.
mannose	loss of structure	carcinoembryonic antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen	endoglycosidase H		Mannosyl-Glycoprotein Endo-beta-N-Acetylglucosaminidase	diagnostic	adenocarcinomas	Adenocarcinoma	antibody-directed therapies	Pichia pastoris			16678252	Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a seven domain membrane glycoprotein widely used as a tumour marker for adenocarcinomas and as a target for antibody-directed therapies.
glycosylation	unaltered level	AIM/CD69		CD69 antigen					lymphocyte activation	Lymphocyte Activation		Human	lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	1717281	This 24-kDa unglycosylated form could be also precipitated from iodinated cells pretreated with tunicamycin, indicating that glycosylation of the protein was neither required for AIM cell surface expression nor for acquisition of external epitopes E1-E3.
sialyl-Lewis x	increased level				FUT3|FUT4|ST3GAL6		Fucosyltransferases|FUT4 protein, human|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		ER-negative breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	22025563	We found that genes involved in the synthesis of sialyl-Lewis x (sLe(x); FUT3, FUT4, and ST3GAL6) are significantly increased in estrogen receptor alpha-negative (ER-negative) tumors compared with ER-positive ones.
sialyl-Lewis x	increased level							risk	ER-positive breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	22025563	However, high expression of sLe(x) in ER-positive tumors was correlated with metastasis to the bone where sLe(x) receptor E-selectin is constitutively expressed.
N-glycosylation	unaltered level	Mac-2-binding protein		LGALS3BP protein, human								human	293 human kidney cells	Humans|Kidney|Cell Line	11867635	All three potential N-glycosylation sites in M2BP-1,2 and all four in M2BP-3,4 were found to be occupied.
glycan synthesis	decreased level								Helicobacter pylori infection	Helicobacter Infections|Helicobacter pylori		Humans	HT29-MTX-E12 cells	HT29 Cells	29085225	Gene expression data suggest that infection with H. pylori causes a decrease in glycan synthesis, resulting in shorter and simpler glycan structures.
high mannose glycans	altered level	Prostate-specific membrane antigen		FOLH1 protein, human|Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II				diagnostic|response	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	prostate tissue	Prostate	34662441	Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is an established biomarker for prostate cancer imaging and therapy.
complex glycans	altered level	Prostate-specific membrane antigen		FOLH1 protein, human|Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II				diagnostic|response	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	prostate tissue	Prostate	34662441	Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is an established biomarker for prostate cancer imaging and therapy.
high-mannose type	increased level	total cellular glycoproteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	ovarian carcinoma	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	SKOV3 ovarian carcinoma cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	21030537	Total cellular N-glycans contained high-mannose type and proximally fucosylated complex type partially agalactosylated structures.
LacdiNAc motif	acquisition of structure	total cellular glycoproteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	ovarian carcinoma	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	SKOV3 ovarian carcinoma cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	21030537	Endogenous glycoproteins were also found to contain the LacdiNAc motif in N-linked glycans.
core-fucosylated tetraantennary structures	acquisition of structure	recombinant human EPO		Erythropoietin				diagnostic	ovarian carcinoma	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	SKOV3 ovarian carcinoma cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	21030537	On the other hand, the recombinant human EPO secreted from SKOV3 cells contained predominantly core-fucosylated tetraantennary structures, which were partially lacking one or two galactose residues, and partially contained the LacdiNAc motif.
under-galactosylated IgA1	increased level	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A				diagnostic	IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA	tonsillectomy and steroid pulse therapy	Human	serum		18178603	HAA-IgA binding is significantly increased in Japanese IgAN patients.
surface glycoproteins	altered level	CD4 T cells		Antigens, CD|Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte|CD69 antigen	O-sialoglycoprotein endopeptidase		O-sialoglycoprotein endopeptidase		aging	Aging		mice	CD4 T cells	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes	20400202	Previous work has also documented age-related alteration in the glycosylation of surface proteins involved in TCR signaling, and shown that enzymatic treatments to remove specific surface glycoproteins can restore in vitro function in CD4 cells from aged mice.
free oligosaccharides	altered level	transferrin						diagnostic	acute myeloproliferative neoplasms	Myeloproliferative Disorders		human	serum		29236390	HPLC-profiles of serum-derived FOS revealed mild delay of the dolichol phosphate cycle in ER, moderate intensification of ER-associated degradation (ERAD) and degradation in endosomal-lysosomal system with aging; an inhibition of the dolichol phosphate cycle, intensification of ERAD and increasing of lysosomal exocytosis in acute myeloproliferative neoplasms; intensification of ERAD and glycocojugate degradation with endosomal-lysosomal system in cardiovascular diseases.
free oligosaccharides	altered level	transferrin						diagnostic	cardiovascular diseases	Cardiovascular Diseases		human	serum		29236390	HPLC-profiles of serum-derived FOS revealed mild delay of the dolichol phosphate cycle in ER, moderate intensification of ER-associated degradation (ERAD) and degradation in endosomal-lysosomal system with aging; an inhibition of the dolichol phosphate cycle, intensification of ERAD and increasing of lysosomal exocytosis in acute myeloproliferative neoplasms; intensification of ERAD and glycocojugate degradation with endosomal-lysosomal system in cardiovascular diseases.
N-glycans	unaltered level	CD31 (PECAM-1)		Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1									hemopoietic and endothelial cells		10425179	CD31 is heavily glycosylated, with an approximate carbohydrate content of 21%.
N-glycan	unaltered level	CD59		Antigens, CD|CD59 Antigens|Complement Inactivator Proteins|Membrane Glycoproteins								Human	urine		7520819	CD59 was purified from human urine, retaining the N-glycan and at least some of the non-lipid component of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol membrane anchor.
glycan shield	loss of structure	Env		env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus				response	HIV-1	HIV-1	immunization	guinea pigs|rhesus macaques			28445724	We engineered diverse Env trimers with select glycans removed proximal to the CD4 supersite, characterized their structures and glycosylation, and immunized guinea pigs and rhesus macaques.
N-glycans	increased level	peanut allergens		Allergens				risk	IgE reactivity			Humans	serum		19413651	Heavy drinking is associated with clinically asymptomatic IgE reactivity to peanuts, a relevant food allergen, in relation to CCD interference.
cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCDs)	increased level	peanut allergens		Allergens				risk	IgE reactivity			Humans	serum		19413651	IgE sensitization to N-glycans (cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants, CCDs) may be increased in heavy drinkers, who therefore show IgE reactivity to aeroallergens, latex, and Hymenoptera venoms.
mAb glycan	altered level	monoclonal antibody		Antibodies, Monoclonal								Chinese hamster	CHO K1 and CHO DG44 cell lines	CHO Cells	29090854	mAb glycan profile also differed significantly between CHO K1 and CHO DG44 cell lines.
asparagine-linked glycans	decreased level	IgG2|IgA1		Immunoglobulin G|Immunoglobulin A					congenital disorders of glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		humans	serum		27725718	In CDG glycosylation sites of IgG2 and IgA1 were occupied to normal levels.
asparagine-linked glycans	increased level	haptoglobin|transferrin		Haptoglobins|				diagnostic	non-alcoholic fatty liver disease	Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease		humans	serum		27725718	In NAFLD haptoglobin and transferrin glycosylation sites were hyper-glycosylated, a property qualifying for its use as a potential biomarker.
N-linked glycosites	increased level	N-linked glycoproteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	cancer			Humans	HeLa cells	HeLa Cells	23205564	Bioinformatic analysis revealed that most of the glycoproteins identified are known to have an impact on cancer and have been proposed as biomarkers.
N-glycosylation	decreased level	Transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	Congenital disorders of glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		Humans	fibroblasts	Fibroblasts	22305527	Although most patients receive a CDG diagnosis based on abnormal glycosylation of transferrin, this test cannot provide a genetic diagnosis; indeed, many patients with abnormal transferrin do not have mutations in any known CDG genes.
N-glycans	acquisition of structure	synaptophysin		Synaptophysin|Syp protein, mouse								mouse	neurons	Neurons	22908222	In contrast, N-glycan addition is essential for the synaptic localization and function of synaptophysin.
N-glycans	acquisition of structure	SV2A		Sv2a protein, mouse								mouse	neurons	Neurons	22908222	Surprisingly, these experiments revealed that glycosylation is completely dispensable for the sorting of synaptotagmin 1 to SVs whereas the N-glycans on SV2A are only partially dispensable.
N-glycan	altered level							diagnostic	liver fibrosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		32205997	To investigate serum N-glycan profiling related to HBV-induced liver fibrosis and verify multiparameter diagnostic models related to serum N-glycan changes.
N-glycan	altered level							diagnostic	hepatitis B	Hepatitis B, Chronic		Humans	serum		32205997	Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the primary cause of hepatitis with chronic HBV infection, which may develop into liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
core fucosylation	increased level							diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		27181357	Specifically, these altered glycans were increased levels of core and outer arm fucosylation.
outer arm fucosylation	increased level							diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		27181357	Specifically, these altered glycans were increased levels of core and outer arm fucosylation.
O-linked β-N-acetylglucoside (O-GlcNAc) group	undetermined							diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Human	prostate adenocarcinomas		23964702	Glycosylation analysis suggested the antigenic epitope of the glycan is an O-linked β-N-acetylglucoside (O-GlcNAc) group.
N-linked glycans	loss of structure	gp120|gp160		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|					HIV-1 infectivity	HIV-1		Humans	CD4+ cells	Humans|	2335819	Deglycosylation significantly reduced, but did not abolish, HIV-1 binding to and infectivity of CD4+ cells as determined, respectively, by an indirect immunofluorescence assay and a quantitative dose-response infection assay.
glycosylation	altered level	prostate specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic|prognostic	prostate cancer			human	serum		26840176	This investigation provides an alternative method to isolate and quantify PSA with altered glycosylation which might be seen in the prostate cancer and developing a lectin based immunoassay to detect PSA in serum of prostate cancer patients.
galactosylated glycans	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				predictive	rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid	methotrexate	Humans	serum		28793911	We could confirm a low abundance of galactosylated glycans in untreated patients with early RA compared with control subjects that was partially restored by MTX treatment.
FA2/[FA2G1 + FA2G2]	decreased ratio	IgG1						predictive	rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid	methotrexate	Humans	serum		28793911	We found that the ratio between the main agalactosylated (FA2) and main mono- and di-galactosylated Fc glycans (FA2G1 and FA2G2) of IgG1 ranked as the most prominent factor distinguishing responders from nonresponders.
m/z 1955	increased level							diagnostic|predictive	non-alcoholic steatohepatitis	Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease		Humans	serum		25168691	Out of these eight glycans, three glycans (m/z 1955, 2032, and 2584) showed high areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.833, 0.863, and 0.866, respectively) for distinguishing NASH from SS.
m/z 2032	increased level							diagnostic|predictive	non-alcoholic steatohepatitis	Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease		Humans	serum		25168691	Out of these eight glycans, three glycans (m/z 1955, 2032, and 2584) showed high areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.833, 0.863, and 0.866, respectively) for distinguishing NASH from SS.
m/z 2584	increased level							diagnostic|predictive	non-alcoholic steatohepatitis	Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease		Humans	serum		25168691	Out of these eight glycans, three glycans (m/z 1955, 2032, and 2584) showed high areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.833, 0.863, and 0.866, respectively) for distinguishing NASH from SS.
α-2,6 sialylated galactosides	altered level				ST6GAL1		ST6GAL1 protein, human		pluripotency		sialyltransferase inhibitor	human	pluripotent stem cells	Pluripotent Stem Cells	26304831	A lectin which preferentially recognizes α-2,6 sialylated galactosides showed strong binding reactivity with undifferentiated hPSCs and their glycoproteins, and did so to a much lesser extent with differentiated cells.
Tn (GalNAc)	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					neoplastic breast tissue	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast tissue	Breast	12558945	However, in neoplastic breast tissue, the extracellular domain is under-glycosylated, resulting in the exposure of a highly immunogenic core peptide epitope (PDTRP in bold above), as well as in the exposure of normally cryptic core Tn (GalNAc), STn (sialyl alpha2-6 GalNAc) and TF (Gal beta1-3 GalNAc) carbohydrates.
STn (sialyl alpha2-6 GalNAc)	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					neoplastic breast tissue	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast tissue	Breast	12558945	However, in neoplastic breast tissue, the extracellular domain is under-glycosylated, resulting in the exposure of a highly immunogenic core peptide epitope (PDTRP in bold above), as well as in the exposure of normally cryptic core Tn (GalNAc), STn (sialyl alpha2-6 GalNAc) and TF (Gal beta1-3 GalNAc) carbohydrates.
TF (Gal beta1-3 GalNAc)	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					neoplastic breast tissue	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast tissue	Breast	12558945	However, in neoplastic breast tissue, the extracellular domain is under-glycosylated, resulting in the exposure of a highly immunogenic core peptide epitope (PDTRP in bold above), as well as in the exposure of normally cryptic core Tn (GalNAc), STn (sialyl alpha2-6 GalNAc) and TF (Gal beta1-3 GalNAc) carbohydrates.
N-linked oligosaccharide	acquisition of structure	carcinoembryonic antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen					gastric adenocarcinoma			Human	MKN-45 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	3063258	Human gastric adenocarcinoma MKN-45 cells were found to synthesize actively carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA).
Con-A band 2 (AFP-C2)	increased level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins					ataxia-telangiectasia	Ataxia Telangiectasia		Humans	serum		2454778	It was found that serum AFP in AT patients was composed mainly of Con-A band 2 (AFP-C2), LCA-A band 1 (AFP-L1), and E-PHA band 2 (AFP-P2).
LCA-A band 1 (AFP-L1)	increased level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins					ataxia-telangiectasia	Ataxia Telangiectasia		Humans	serum		2454778	It was found that serum AFP in AT patients was composed mainly of Con-A band 2 (AFP-C2), LCA-A band 1 (AFP-L1), and E-PHA band 2 (AFP-P2).
E-PHA band 2 (AFP-P2)	increased level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins					ataxia-telangiectasia	Ataxia Telangiectasia		Humans	serum		2454778	It was found that serum AFP in AT patients was composed mainly of Con-A band 2 (AFP-C2), LCA-A band 1 (AFP-L1), and E-PHA band 2 (AFP-P2).
glycosylation	altered level							prognostic	cancer			Humans	extracellular vesicles	Extracellular Vesicles	34193867	When applied for the direct profiling of clinical ascites, STAR reveals glycosylation signatures of extracellular vesicles and differentiates cancer patient prognosis.
Galbeta1-3GalNAcalpha (mucin core-1 type)	unaltered level	Mucins		Mucins								Cattle	serum		19674964	In the present study we report the enrichment and mass spectrometric analysis of proteins from bovine serum bearing Galbeta1-3GalNAcalpha (mucin core-1 type) structures and the analysis of O-linked glycopeptides utilizing electron transfer dissociation and high resolution, high mass accuracy precursor ion measurements.
T11 (CD2) T-lymphocyte surface glycoprotein	unaltered level	T11 (CD2)		CD2 Antigens					T-lineage cell adhesion			Human	T-lymphocytes	Humans|T-Lymphocytes	2455894	The 50-kDa T11 (CD2) T-lymphocyte surface glycoprotein facilitates physical adhesion between T-lineage cells and their cognate cellular counterparts (cytotoxic T-lymphocytes-target cells, helper T lymphocytes-antigen-presenting cells, or thymocytes-thymic epithelium) as well as signaling through the antigen-specific T3-Ti receptor complex.
N-linked glycosylation	increased level	CD82		CD82 protein, human					acute myeloid leukemia	Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute		human	bone marrow	Bone Marrow	26592446	We demonstrate that the inhibition of CD82 glycosylation increases the molecular packing of N-cadherin and promotes the bone marrow homing of AML cells.
N-linked glycosylation	decreased level	CD82		CD82 protein, human					acute myeloid leukemia	Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute		human	bone marrow	Bone Marrow	26592446	We demonstrate that the inhibition of CD82 glycosylation increases the molecular packing of N-cadherin and promotes the bone marrow homing of AML cells.
asialofetuin	altered level	asialofetuin		asialofetuin								Cattle		Cattle	15158727	Moreover, our results showed that glycosylation might play a role in stabilization of secondary structure during acid and/or thermal denaturation.
oligosaccharides	undetermined	MHC class I molecules|CD8		Histocompatibility Antigens Class I|CD8 Antigens					thymocyte maturation				thymus		11825561	Two recent papers in Cell (Moody et al., 2001) and Immunity (Daniels et al., 2001) describe a novel role for glycosylation in the thymus--regulating the interaction of MHC class I molecules with CD8 during thymocyte maturation.
Mac-2 Binding Protein Glycosylation isomer	altered level							diagnostic	Liver fibrosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		37861877	We examined the efficiency of serum Mac-2 Binding Protein Glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) in diagnosing liver fibrosis stages in CHB patients.
Mac-2 Binding Protein Glycosylation isomer	altered level							diagnostic	Cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		37861877	The optimal cut-off index of M2BPGi for diagnosing cirrhosis (F4) was 1.3 with an AUROC of 0.91, 88% sensitivity, 87.4% specificity, 97% NPV, and 61% PPV.
S-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-galactopyranosyl)-L-cysteine	undetermined								Tn antigen	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					24372047	Stereoselective sulfa-Michael addition of appropriately protected thiocarbohydrates to chiral dehydroalanines has been developed as a key step in the synthesis of biologically important cysteine derivatives, such as S-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)-D-cysteine, which has not been synthesized to date, and S-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-α-D-galactopyranosyl)-L-cysteine, which could be considered as a mimic of Tn antigen.
sialic acid	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					alteration of cellular physiological states			Humans	MCF-7|T47D|MDA-MB-231|PANC-1 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	30039903	A proof-of-concept protocol has been developed for MUC1-specific imaging of terminal sialic acid (Sia) and fucose (Fuc) on MCF-7, T47D, MDA-MB-231, and PANC-1 cells, revealing distinct monosaccharide patterns for four types of cells.
fucose	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					alteration of cellular physiological states			Humans	MCF-7|T47D|MDA-MB-231|PANC-1 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	30039903	A proof-of-concept protocol has been developed for MUC1-specific imaging of terminal sialic acid (Sia) and fucose (Fuc) on MCF-7, T47D, MDA-MB-231, and PANC-1 cells, revealing distinct monosaccharide patterns for four types of cells.
glycosylation	altered level	OR83b receptor		Orco protein, Drosophila								Drosophila melanogaster		Drosophila melanogaster	18005664	Here, we report a detailed topology mapping of the Drosophila OR83b receptor using engineered glycosylation sites as topology markers.
Glycosylation	undetermined	Membrane Glycoproteins		Membrane Glycoproteins								Rats	T-Lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	2264141	
N-linked oligosaccharides	loss of structure	chorionic gonadotropin beta subunit		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human								Chinese hamster	Chinese hamster ovary cells	Cricetinae|Cricetulus	2460458	Pulse-chase analysis of the beta-expressing clones showed that absence of the second N-linked sugar but not the first slows secretion 1.6-1.8-fold; absence of both N-linked units slows secretion 2-2.4-fold.
sialyl Lewis X	unaltered level														15643879	Reported herein is a strategy employing an addition reaction in tandem with a hydrogen-transfer reaction for the elaboration of C-glycoside-based sialyl Lewis X (sLe(X)) analogues.
N-linked glycosylation	altered level	CD14		Lipopolysaccharide Receptors								Humans	serum		8612616	The different isoforms of sCD14-(1-335)-peptide are due to differences in the content of N-linked sugars.
glycosylated loop regions	undetermined	alpha-agglutinin										Saccharomyces cerevisiae			11185954	Residue-by-residue analysis showed that packing and accessibility anomalies were largely confined to glycosylated and protease-susceptible loop regions of the domains.
α-2,6-linked sialic acids	decreased level	Orai1		ORAI1 Protein|ORAI1 protein, human	ST6GAL1		Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human		immune disease			human	Jurkat T cells	Jurkat Cells	26956484	Knockdown of the sialyltransferase ST6GAL1 reduced α-2,6-linked sialic acids in the glycan structure of Orai1 and was associated with increased Ca(2+) entry in Jurkat T cells.
N-glycan	altered level	Orai1		ORAI1 Protein|ORAI1 protein, human					cancer			human	mast cells		26956484	In human mast cells, inhibition of sialyl sulfation altered the N-glycan of Orai1 (and other proteins) and increased SOCE.
hyperglycosylated hCG	decreased ratio	hCG		Chorionic Gonadotropin					early onset pre-eclampsia			Humans			30287399	Whether this explains the reduced proportion of hCG-h to hCG reported in patients developing early onset pre-eclampsia or those having early pregnancy loss remains to be determined.
hyperglycosylated hCG	decreased ratio	hCG		Chorionic Gonadotropin					early pregnancy loss			Humans			30287399	Whether this explains the reduced proportion of hCG-h to hCG reported in patients developing early onset pre-eclampsia or those having early pregnancy loss remains to be determined.
mucin-peptide	altered level	Mucin-1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	cancer		vaccination	Humans	cancer cells		11062727	Underglycosylated as well as glycosylated mucin-peptide epitopes are promising targets for vaccination against cancer.
alpha-L-Fuc	increased level				galactosyltransferase		Galactosyltransferases		alcohol-induced injury in the developing liver			Rats	fetal hepatocytes	Liver	9021945	Moreover, this treatment decreases the activity of galactosyltransferase, increases alpha-L-Fuc residues, and reduces the number of alpha-Man, GlcNAc(beta1,4,GlcNAc)1,2, GalNAc alpha1,3GalNAc, alpha-GalNAc, and a-Gal residues.
alpha-Man	decreased level				galactosyltransferase		Galactosyltransferases		alcohol-induced injury in the developing liver			Rats	fetal hepatocytes	Liver	9021945	Moreover, this treatment decreases the activity of galactosyltransferase, increases alpha-L-Fuc residues, and reduces the number of alpha-Man, GlcNAc(beta1,4,GlcNAc)1,2, GalNAc alpha1,3GalNAc, alpha-GalNAc, and a-Gal residues.
GlcNAc(beta1,4,GlcNAc)1,2	decreased level				galactosyltransferase		Galactosyltransferases		alcohol-induced injury in the developing liver			Rats	fetal hepatocytes	Liver	9021945	Moreover, this treatment decreases the activity of galactosyltransferase, increases alpha-L-Fuc residues, and reduces the number of alpha-Man, GlcNAc(beta1,4,GlcNAc)1,2, GalNAc alpha1,3GalNAc, alpha-GalNAc, and a-Gal residues.
GalNAc alpha1,3GalNAc	decreased level				galactosyltransferase		Galactosyltransferases		alcohol-induced injury in the developing liver			Rats	fetal hepatocytes	Liver	9021945	Moreover, this treatment decreases the activity of galactosyltransferase, increases alpha-L-Fuc residues, and reduces the number of alpha-Man, GlcNAc(beta1,4,GlcNAc)1,2, GalNAc alpha1,3GalNAc, alpha-GalNAc, and a-Gal residues.
alpha-GalNAc	decreased level				galactosyltransferase		Galactosyltransferases		alcohol-induced injury in the developing liver			Rats	fetal hepatocytes	Liver	9021945	Moreover, this treatment decreases the activity of galactosyltransferase, increases alpha-L-Fuc residues, and reduces the number of alpha-Man, GlcNAc(beta1,4,GlcNAc)1,2, GalNAc alpha1,3GalNAc, alpha-GalNAc, and a-Gal residues.
a-Gal	decreased level				galactosyltransferase		Galactosyltransferases		alcohol-induced injury in the developing liver			Rats	fetal hepatocytes	Liver	9021945	Moreover, this treatment decreases the activity of galactosyltransferase, increases alpha-L-Fuc residues, and reduces the number of alpha-Man, GlcNAc(beta1,4,GlcNAc)1,2, GalNAc alpha1,3GalNAc, alpha-GalNAc, and a-Gal residues.
CD4 oligosaccharide chains	unaltered level	CD4		CD4 Antigens					HIV infection			Humans	T-Lymphocytes	Humans|T-Lymphocytes	8656054	The results presented in this study provide evidence that jacalin does not recognize the CD4 oligosaccharide chains and actually binds CD4 through a specific protein-protein interaction; as a consequence these results rule out the involvement of the CD4 saccharide moieties in CD4-mediated cell signaling triggered by the lectin.
glycosylation	altered level	alpha-1-antitrypsin		alpha 1-Antitrypsin								Humans	sera		9636314	The glycosylation variations in isoforms of human fetuin and alpha-1-antitrypsin were determined.
glycosylation	altered level	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins								Humans	sera		9636314	The glycosylation variations in isoforms of human fetuin and alpha-1-antitrypsin were determined.
SIRPalpha1	altered level	CD47		CD47 Antigen					red cell clearance			Humans	red blood cells	Erythrocytes	16291597	While interactions strengthen with deglycosylation of SIRPalpha1, low copy numbers explain the absence of RBC adhesion to phagocytes under physiologic conditions and imply that the interaction being studied is not responsible for red cell clearance in humans.
2,6-branched mannose	altered level	lysosome-associated membrane proteins			UDP-N-acetylglucosamine:beta-6-D-mannoside beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|alpha-1,6-mannosylglycoprotein beta 1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase					Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	7522229	In Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells we found that 2,6-branched mannosyl structures are preferentially contained on lysosome-associated membrane proteins (LAMPs) and are generally low or absent in other cellular glycoproteins (Do, K.-Y. and Cummings, R.D. (1993) J. Biol. Chem. 268, 22028-22035).
glycosylation	altered level	DPP4		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4|Dpp4 protein, mouse					Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection	Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus		mouse			25653445	We show that glycosylation is a major factor impacting DPP4 receptor function.
oligosaccharide	acquisition of structure								adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma		Humans	adenocarcinoma cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	1695123	Monoclonal antibody KS1/4 recognizes an epitope expressed on the cell surface of human adenocarcinoma cells and certain epithelia.
alpha-fetoprotein variants	altered level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				response	pancreatoblastoma	Pancreatic Neoplasms	cytotoxic chemotherapy	Humans	serum		11026522	Tumour-specific variants of AFP, detected by isoelectric focusing, also disappeared during chemotherapy but recurred when chemotherapy was withdrawn.
N-linked glycan	decreased level	CD4		Membrane Glycoproteins					acute lymphoblastic leukemia	Leukemia, Lymphoid	tunicamycin	human	CEM-CM3 cells	Cell Line	3259951	Under conditions where treatment of CD4+ human acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells (CEM-CM3 cells) with the glycosylation inhibitor tunicamycin decreased surface expression of CD4 in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, the surface expression of several other glycoproteins was unaffected.
glycosylation	altered level	CD38		Antigens, CD|Antigens, Differentiation|Membrane Glycoproteins|Recombinant Proteins|ADP-ribosyl Cyclase|Cd38 protein, rat								mammalian	CHO cells	CHO Cells	9785464	These observations clearly suggest that glycosylation plays an important role to maintain the enzymatic activity and substrate affinity of CD38/ADP-ribosyl cyclase for mediating the signalling events in mammalian cells.
high mannose oligosaccharide	undetermined	Nonspecific cross-reacting antigen (NCA)		Antigens, CD|Antigens, Differentiation|Antigens, Neoplasm|CD66 antigens|Cell Adhesion Molecules|Membrane Glycoproteins					bacterial infection			Escherichia coli	granulocytes|macrophages|lung epithelium	HeLa Cells|Tumor Cells, Cultured	8101840	Results of these studies demonstrate that Escherichia coli expressing type 1 fimbriae binds to high mannose oligosaccharide structures on NCA and that the functionally relevant sites are located in the variable-like domain of NCA.
N-linked glycopeptides	altered level							diagnostic|prognostic	cancer	Neoplasms		Humans			39436605	Therefore, mutations in this posttranslational modification (i.e., N-glycosylation) site cause many human genetic diseases, including cancer.
glycosylated heavy chain of CD98	unaltered level	CD98		Antigens, CD					T-cell activation	Lymphocyte Activation		Humans	Jurkat T-cells	Jurkat Cells	8898087	However, Jurkat cells express surface glycoprotein receptors for galectin-3, one of which is shown to be the glycosylated heavy chain of CD98 (4F2 antigen), a T-cell activation marker.
N-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	MH 99		Antigens, Surface|Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate|Epitopes					epithelial malignancies			Humans	epithelial cell lines	Cell Line, Transformed	7504658	N-glycosylation of MH 99 of about 4 kDa was exclusively found on the 32-kDa fragment.
sialyl LacNAc	acquisition of structure	Glucagon-like peptide 1		Glucagon-Like Peptide 1				response	type 2 diabetes			mice	db/db mice		19361194	Addition of sialyl LacNAc to GLP-1 greatly improved stability against DPP-IV and NEP 24.11 as compared to the native type.
sialyl LacNAc	acquisition of structure	Glucagon-like peptide 1		Glucagon-Like Peptide 1				response	type 2 diabetes			mice	db/db mice		19361194	Also, the sialyl LacNAc moiety extended the blood glucose-lowering activity in vivo.
defucosylated N-glycan	acquisition of structure	anti-HER2 antibody		Receptor, ErbB-2	α-1,6-fucosyltransferase	FUT8	Fucosyltransferases|Glycoprotein 6-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase	response	cancer		therapeutic antibodies	Cricetulus	CHO-S cells	CHO Cells	30982137	In recent years, an increasing number of defucosylated therapeutic antibodies have been applied in clinical practices due to their better efficacy compared to fucosylated counterparts.
sialylation	decreased level	CD45|leukosialin		Leukocyte Common Antigens|Leukosialin					human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection	HIV Infections|HIV-1		human	CEM T cells	T-Lymphocytes	9442024	We have previously demonstrated hyposialylation of the two major CD45 and leukosialin (CD43) molecules at the surface of latently human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected CEM T cells (CEMLAI/NP)
terminal galactose residues	increased level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	healthy ageing			Humans	plasma		22930475	However, analysis of transferrin N-glycan structures showed an increase in terminal galactose residues in older men, suggesting that the loss of terminal N-acetyl neuraminic acid residues contributes to the more acid pI of transferrin spots observed with age.
poly-N-acetyllactosaminyl O-glycans	acquisition of structure	leukosialin		Leukosialin|SPN protein, human	core 2 beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase		onco-differentiation			Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	8308016	These results indicate that C2GnT determines the expression of poly-N-acetyllactosamines in O-glycans and together with leukosialin, an onco-differentiation antigen recognized by the T305 antibody.
glycan structures	altered level	CD5		CD5 Antigens					differential binding of KEN-5 to T cells and B-cells			rabbit	T cells|B cells	T-Lymphocyte Subsets|B-Lymphocyte Subsets	19520434	As CD5 has both N- and O-linked glycosylation, we hypothesised that differential binding of KEN-5 to T cells and B-cells may be explained by different glycan structures on the CD5 present on T compared to B cells.
α1-3 fucosylated glycoforms	increased level	α-1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal|Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		26563517	Altogether, these results indicate that α1-3 fucosylated glycoforms of AGP are increased in PDAC and could be potentially regarded as a PDAC biomarker.
P(1) (Galα1-4Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ)	altered level							diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		21351089	Biomarker detection revealed 24 glycans including P(1) (Galα1-4Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ; p < 0.001) significantly discriminating between (low-) malignant tumors and healthy controls.
Lewis X-carrying N-glycans	acquisition of structure				fucosyltransferase 9			diagnostic	proliferation of neural stem cells			mouse	neural stem cells	Neural Stem Cells	22645129	We found that Lewis X-carrying N-glycans were specifically displayed on undifferentiated cells, whereas pauci-mannose-type N-glycans were predominantly expressed on differentiated cells.
outer arm to core fucose	increased ratio								sepsis	Sepsis		human	serum		17940056	The most prominent differences include the increase in ratio of outer arm to core fucose, increase in the amount of tetrasialylated structures, changes in the levels of mannose structures, and in the degree of branching.
outer arm to core fucose	increased ratio								acute pancreatitis	Pancreatitis		human	serum		17940056	The most prominent differences include the increase in ratio of outer arm to core fucose, increase in the amount of tetrasialylated structures, changes in the levels of mannose structures, and in the degree of branching.
tetrasialylated structures	increased level								sepsis	Sepsis		human	serum		17940056	The most prominent differences include the increase in ratio of outer arm to core fucose, increase in the amount of tetrasialylated structures, changes in the levels of mannose structures, and in the degree of branching.
tetrasialylated structures	increased level								acute pancreatitis	Pancreatitis		human	serum		17940056	The most prominent differences include the increase in ratio of outer arm to core fucose, increase in the amount of tetrasialylated structures, changes in the levels of mannose structures, and in the degree of branching.
mannose structures	altered level								sepsis	Sepsis		human	serum		17940056	The most prominent differences include the increase in ratio of outer arm to core fucose, increase in the amount of tetrasialylated structures, changes in the levels of mannose structures, and in the degree of branching.
mannose structures	altered level								acute pancreatitis	Pancreatitis		human	serum		17940056	The most prominent differences include the increase in ratio of outer arm to core fucose, increase in the amount of tetrasialylated structures, changes in the levels of mannose structures, and in the degree of branching.
degree of branching	altered level								sepsis	Sepsis		human	serum		17940056	The most prominent differences include the increase in ratio of outer arm to core fucose, increase in the amount of tetrasialylated structures, changes in the levels of mannose structures, and in the degree of branching.
degree of branching	altered level								acute pancreatitis	Pancreatitis		human	serum		17940056	The most prominent differences include the increase in ratio of outer arm to core fucose, increase in the amount of tetrasialylated structures, changes in the levels of mannose structures, and in the degree of branching.
O-sialoglycans	altered level	CD34|CD43|CD44|CD45		Antigens, CD34|Leukosialin||Leukocyte Common Antigens					bovine fibrinous pneumonia			human	leukocytes		1371528	Biochemical analysis shows that the O-glycosylated cell surface Ag CD34, CD43 (leukosialin), CD44 (hyaluronic acid receptor), and CD45 (leukocyte common Ag), are all cleaved by this protease.
sialyl Lea	decreased level	mucin		Mucins					colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms	benzyl-alpha-GalNAc treatment	human	HM7 colon cancer cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	1284381	Mucins from benzyl-alpha-GalNAc-treated cells had increased binding of peanut agglutinin (specific for T antigen, Gal beta 3GalNAc) and Vicia villosa agglutinin B4 (specific for Tn antigen, GalNAc alpha-Thr/Ser), but decreased binding of monoclonal antibodies 19-9, SNH3, and 91.9H (specific for sialyl Lea, sialyl Lex, and sulfomucin, respectively).
sialyl Lex	decreased level	mucin		Mucins					colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms	benzyl-alpha-GalNAc treatment	human	HM7 colon cancer cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	1284381	Mucins from benzyl-alpha-GalNAc-treated cells had increased binding of peanut agglutinin (specific for T antigen, Gal beta 3GalNAc) and Vicia villosa agglutinin B4 (specific for Tn antigen, GalNAc alpha-Thr/Ser), but decreased binding of monoclonal antibodies 19-9, SNH3, and 91.9H (specific for sialyl Lea, sialyl Lex, and sulfomucin, respectively).
T antigen	increased level	mucin		Mucins					colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms	benzyl-alpha-GalNAc treatment	human	HM7 colon cancer cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	1284381	Mucins from benzyl-alpha-GalNAc-treated cells had increased binding of peanut agglutinin (specific for T antigen, Gal beta 3GalNAc) and Vicia villosa agglutinin B4 (specific for Tn antigen, GalNAc alpha-Thr/Ser), but decreased binding of monoclonal antibodies 19-9, SNH3, and 91.9H (specific for sialyl Lea, sialyl Lex, and sulfomucin, respectively).
Tn antigen	increased level	mucin		Mucins					colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms	benzyl-alpha-GalNAc treatment	human	HM7 colon cancer cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	1284381	Mucins from benzyl-alpha-GalNAc-treated cells had increased binding of peanut agglutinin (specific for T antigen, Gal beta 3GalNAc) and Vicia villosa agglutinin B4 (specific for Tn antigen, GalNAc alpha-Thr/Ser), but decreased binding of monoclonal antibodies 19-9, SNH3, and 91.9H (specific for sialyl Lea, sialyl Lex, and sulfomucin, respectively).
H-type-1 antigen	decreased level				alpha1-2fucosyltransferase	fut1	Fucosyltransferases		pregnancy	Pregnancy		mouse	uterine luminal epithelium	Endometrium|Epithelial Cells	11356145	H-type-1 expression is high after ovulation but becomes negligible after implantation.
sialyl Le-x	increased level								pregnancy	Pregnancy		mouse	uterine luminal epithelium	Endometrium|Epithelial Cells	11356145	It is not expressed on LE after ovulation but is expressed maximally on apical LE at the time of and after implantation.
Glycosylation	undetermined								HIV Infections	HIV Infections	Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active	Humans			32980691	Glycosylation tips the scales: Novel insights into the dual role of type-I interferons in treated HIV infection.
advanced glycation end products	decreased level							response	diabetes						31450926	Besides antioxidative-antiinflammtory molecules that inhibit accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) can be good candidates for ameliorating diabetic complications.
Tn antigen	increased level				GalNAc-T1|GalNAc-T2		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases|N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases		neoplastic cells			Humans	HeLa cells	HeLa Cells	28719662	In neoplastic cells, the Tn antigen is often overexpressed.
sialyl-Lewis X	decreased level				FUT3|FUT7		FUT7 protein, human|Fucosyltransferases		cancer			Humans	HepG2 cells	Hep G2 Cells	23019334	We show that 5T-Fuc is taken up by cancer cells and then converted into a sugar nucleotide analog, GDP-5T-Fuc, that blocks FUT activity and limits sLe(X) presentation on HepG2 cells with an EC(50) in the low micromolar range.
sialyl-Lewis X	decreased level				FUT3|FUT7		FUT7 protein, human|Fucosyltransferases		inflammation			Humans	HepG2 cells	Hep G2 Cells	23019334	Impairing FUT activity compromises leukocyte homing to sites of inflammation and renders cancer cells less malignant.
N-linked carbohydrate	loss of structure	CD1d		Antigens, CD1					intestinal T cell interaction			Humans	intestinal epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells|Epithelium|Intestinal Mucosa	7517575	CD1d was found to be expressed on the surface of human IECs as a 37-kilodalton protein that was beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M) independent with no N-linked carbohydrate.
O-glycans	acquisition of structure	CD52		CD52 Antigen|CD52 protein, human				diagnostic	Infertility	Infertility, Male	immunocontraception	human	male reproductive tract	Male	17640971	Some glycoforms of this molecule expressed in the male reproductive tract are recognized by complement-dependent sperm-immobilizing antibodies in infertile patients making this antigen an important target for immunocontraception and fertility studies.
MUC-1	unaltered level	MUC-1		Mucin-1					adenocarcinoma		immunotherapy	Human	epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	12964034	Human epithelial mucin, MUC-1 is frequently expressed in adenocarcinoma.
highly glycosylated antigen	undetermined								ovarian teratocarcinoma	Ovarian Neoplasms|Teratocarcinoma		human	ovarian teratocarcinoma cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	7872706	Nine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) of a total of 125 clones selected by an enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) were produced against a human ovarian teratocarcinoma cell line.
O-linked carbohydrate	undetermined	leukosialin		Leukosialin								mouse	T lymphocyte		2347365	The sequence of mouse leukosialin suggested an extracellular segment with a high content of O-linked carbohydrate, as is the case in the rat and human.
N-linked glycosylation site	undetermined	leukosialin		Leukosialin								mouse	T lymphocyte		2347365	In addition the mouse molecule had one possible N-linked glycosylation site.
core fucosylation	altered level														30299079	Monitoring the change in the proportion of core and antenna fucosylation at the same glycosylation site is also feasible.
antenna fucosylation	altered level														30299079	Monitoring the change in the proportion of core and antenna fucosylation at the same glycosylation site is also feasible.
glycosylation	altered level	membrane type mannose receptor		Mannose Receptor				diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	serum		30262052	According to our preliminary molecular biology experiment data, we discovered that the membrane type mannose receptor (MR) was highly expressed in breast cancer patients serum, and not detected in normal human serum.
glycosylation	altered level	membrane type mannose receptor		Mannose Receptor				diagnostic	Triple Negative Breast Cancer			human	serum		30262052	Interestingly, the Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC), which is usually difficult to identify, can be clearly distinguished from the other subtypes of breast cancer through this barcode mode.
core fucose	decreased level	Thyroglobulin antibody		Thyroglobulin					Hashimoto's thyroiditis			Humans	sera		23360821	HT patients had significantly lower core fucose content on TgAb than the other two groups.
sialic acid	increased level	Thyroglobulin antibody		Thyroglobulin					papillary thyroid carcinoma with histological lymphocytic thyroiditis			Humans	sera		23360821	PTC-T patients had significantly higher sialylated TgAb than HT and GD patients.
total glycosylation	altered level							diagnostic	liver cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		20393213	Serum total glycosylation profiling for non-invasive diagnosis of liver cirrhosis in people with chronic hepatitis B.
HMFG1-reactive glycoform	loss of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					tumor progression			human	uterine epithelial cell line, HES	Cell Line|Epithelial Cells	17989354	In response to tumor necrosis factor stimulation, accumulation of the HMFG1-reactive forms preceded that of the 214D4-reactive forms.
214D4-reactive glycoform	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					tumor progression			human	uterine epithelial cell line, HES	Cell Line|Epithelial Cells	17989354	In response to tumor necrosis factor stimulation, accumulation of the HMFG1-reactive forms preceded that of the 214D4-reactive forms.
sialic acid residues	loss of structure	transferrin receptor		Receptors, Transferrin	neuraminidase		Neuraminidase					rat	liver	Liver|Rats	7504410	Asialotransferrin receptor was alpha-2,6-sialylated with alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase from rat liver, but could not be alpha-2,3-sialylated with alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase from porcine liver.
hybrid-type glycans	loss of structure	transferrin receptor		Receptors, Transferrin	endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase H							rat	liver	Liver|Rats	7504410	Placental transferrin receptor employed as a model glycoprotein was modified in amounts of as little as 100 ng removing sialic acid residues, hybrid-type glycans or all types of N-glycans with neuraminidase, endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase H or peptide-N4-(acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl) asparagine amidase.
N-glycans	loss of structure	transferrin receptor		Receptors, Transferrin	peptide-N4-(acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl) asparagine amidase							rat	liver	Liver|Rats	7504410	Placental transferrin receptor employed as a model glycoprotein was modified in amounts of as little as 100 ng removing sialic acid residues, hybrid-type glycans or all types of N-glycans with neuraminidase, endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase H or peptide-N4-(acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl) asparagine amidase.
sialyl-Lewis(a) antigen	increased level							prognostic|diagnostic	esophageal cancer	Esophageal Neoplasms		Humans	serum		26333169	The levels of sialyl-Lewis(a) antigen (sLe(a) ) are frequently increased in digestive tumours, which has been explored in serological non-invasive prognostication (CA19-9 test); however, with low sensitivity and specificity.
sialyl-Lewis(a) antigen	increased level							diagnostic	esophageal cancer	Esophageal Neoplasms		Humans	tumours		26333169	SLe(a) -glycoproteins were then extracted from tumours of patients with negative CA19-9, isolated by immunoprecipitation and blotted with patients IgG.
trisialotransferrin	decreased level	Transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic|monitoring	Rheumatoid Arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		Humans	serum		29782424	There was a significant decrease in the relative concentrations of trisialo- (mean ± SD; 2.130 ± 1.112) and pentasialotransferrin (13.562 ± 3.088), and significant increase in tetrasialotransferrin (83.640 ± 3.165) in RA patients when compared to the control group (3.615 ± 1.156; 76.840 ± 5.621; 18.610 ± 6.027, respectively) (U Mann-Whitney test: p < 0.001 for all comparisons).
pentasialotransferrin	decreased level	Transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic|monitoring	Rheumatoid Arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		Humans	serum		29782424	There was a significant decrease in the relative concentrations of trisialo- (mean ± SD; 2.130 ± 1.112) and pentasialotransferrin (13.562 ± 3.088), and significant increase in tetrasialotransferrin (83.640 ± 3.165) in RA patients when compared to the control group (3.615 ± 1.156; 76.840 ± 5.621; 18.610 ± 6.027, respectively) (U Mann-Whitney test: p < 0.001 for all comparisons).
tetrasialotransferrin	increased level	Transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic|monitoring	Rheumatoid Arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		Humans	serum		29782424	There was a significant decrease in the relative concentrations of trisialo- (mean ± SD; 2.130 ± 1.112) and pentasialotransferrin (13.562 ± 3.088), and significant increase in tetrasialotransferrin (83.640 ± 3.165) in RA patients when compared to the control group (3.615 ± 1.156; 76.840 ± 5.621; 18.610 ± 6.027, respectively) (U Mann-Whitney test: p < 0.001 for all comparisons).
glycosylated	increased level	Vitamin D binding protein		Vitamin D-Binding Protein				monitoring	Acute intermittent porphyria	Porphyria, Acute Intermittent	liver transplantation	human	liver	Liver	25979770	Glycosylated VDBP recovered normal values in three severely afflicted AIP patients submitted to therapeutic liver transplantation.
glycosylated	increased level	Vitamin D binding protein		Vitamin D-Binding Protein				monitoring	Acute intermittent porphyria	Porphyria, Acute Intermittent	gene therapy	mouse	liver	Liver	25979770	Normal glycosylation was recovered upon liver gene therapy in a mouse model of porphyria or after liver transplantation in severely afflicted patients with AIP.
monosaccharide	acquisition of structure	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV			Humans	human cells	Humans	22266649	If glycosylated, an HIV protein binds stronger and faster to its primary receptors on human cells.
O-glycosylation	acquisition of structure								tumor						21305626	This strategy could help to modulate the binding properties between glycopeptides and their protein receptors, such as lectins and antibodies.
GM3 ganglioside	acquisition of structure	Integrin alpha3		Integrin alpha3					laminin-5-dependent cell motility				ldlD/CD9 cells		12068006	Based on the promotion of alpha(3)/CD9 interaction by GM3 and the status of laminin-5 as a true ligand for alpha(3), the laminin-5/alpha(3)-dependent motility of ldlD/CD9 cells was found to be greatly enhanced under -Gal condition, but strongly inhibited under +Gal condition.
GlycA	increased level							diagnostic	depression	Depression		Humans	serum		33211910	GlycA level was a statistically significant positive predictor of QIDS-SR score (β = .053, P = .038) with control for sex, age, antidepressant use, ethnicity, smoking status, drinking status, body mass index, and years of education.
O-specific carbohydrate side chains	acquisition of structure	Lipoprotein(a)		Lipoprotein(a)	Neuraminidase		Neuraminidase					Humans		Humans	8695658	After treatment of human lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) with neuraminidase, formerly cryptic sites became available for binding to peanut agglutinin (PNA) lectin and a Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (T-antigen)-specific monoclonal antibody.
glycan-related networks	altered level							predictive|diagnostic	Autism spectrum disorder	Autism Spectrum Disorder		Humans	serum		35412111	In conclusion, whole-transcriptome analysis of serum LCEVs reveals neural and glycosylation changes in ASD, which may help detect predictive biomarkers and molecular mechanisms of ASD, and provide reference for diagnoses and therapeutic management of the disease.
glycosylation	altered level							diagnostic	cancers			mouse	macrophage	Macrophages	32065729	Proteins related to kinase and phosphatase signaling, spliceosome, terpenoid backbone biosynthesis, glycosylation, ubiquitination, and phagocytosis are affected by STING knock out.
glycosylation	altered level							diagnostic	autoimmune diseases			mouse	macrophage	Macrophages	32065729	Proteins related to kinase and phosphatase signaling, spliceosome, terpenoid backbone biosynthesis, glycosylation, ubiquitination, and phagocytosis are affected by STING knock out.
GlycA	increased level							risk	albuminuria	Albuminuria		Humans			29262791	GlycA was independently related to the risk of A2 or A3 albuminuria (OR 1.42, 95%CI 1.27-1.57, p < 0.0001, per 1sd increase).
GlycA	increased level							risk	chronic kidney disease	CKD		Humans			29262791	GlycA was independently associated with log albuminuria and inversely related to eGFR, even after adjustments including hsCRP.
gp120	unaltered level								HIV-1 infections	HIV-1		Humans	dendritic cells		11799126	Strikingly, the HIV-1 gp120 binding site in DC-SIGN is different from that of ICAM-3, consistent with the observation that glycosylation of gp120, in contrast to ICAM-3, is not crucial to the interaction with DC-SIGN.
N-glycosylation	altered level	CD82		Kangai-1 Protein					cell motility	Cell Movement			ldlD 14 cells	CHO Cells	11162423	Complex formation is greatly affected by N-glycosylation of both integrin and CD82, as well as by concurrent GM3 ganglioside synthesis.
N-glycosylation	altered level	integrin							cell motility	Cell Movement			ldlD 14 cells	CHO Cells	11162423	Complex formation is greatly affected by N-glycosylation of both integrin and CD82, as well as by concurrent GM3 ganglioside synthesis.
3-O-SO3Na-beta-Gal-(1-->4)-beta-GlcNAc-(1-->3)-beta-Gal-(1-->4)-GlcNAc-beta-OBn	undetermined														8593640	Stereoselective syntheses of 3-O-SO3Na-beta-Gal-(1-->4)-beta-GlcNAc- (1-->3)-beta-Gal-(1-->4)-GlcNAc-beta-OBn (15) and 3-O-SO3Na-beta-Gal-(1-->3)-beta-GlcNAc-(1-->3)-beta-Gal-(1-->3)- beta-GlcNAc-(1-->3)-beta-Gal-(1-->4)-Glc-beta-OBn (25) were accomplished through the use of two novel glycosyl donors, namely, ethyl O-(2,6-di-O-acetyl-3,4-O-isopropylidene-beta-D- galactopyranosyl)-(1-->4)-3-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-1-thio-6-O- trimethylacetyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (8).
3-O-SO3Na-beta-Gal-(1-->3)-beta-GlcNAc-(1-->3)-beta-Gal-(1-->3)-beta-GlcNAc-(1-->3)-beta-Gal-(1-->4)-Glc-beta-OBn	undetermined														8593640	Stereoselective syntheses of 3-O-SO3Na-beta-Gal-(1-->4)-beta-GlcNAc- (1-->3)-beta-Gal-(1-->4)-GlcNAc-beta-OBn (15) and 3-O-SO3Na-beta-Gal-(1-->3)-beta-GlcNAc-(1-->3)-beta-Gal-(1-->3)- beta-GlcNAc-(1-->3)-beta-Gal-(1-->4)-Glc-beta-OBn (25) were accomplished through the use of two novel glycosyl donors, namely, ethyl O-(2,6-di-O-acetyl-3,4-O-isopropylidene-beta-D- galactopyranosyl)-(1-->4)-3-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-1-thio-6-O- trimethylacetyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside (8).
hemoglobin-AGE	increased level	hemoglobin		Hemoglobins				diagnostic	diabetes-induced hyperglycemia	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1|Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		human	blood		1411574	Termed hemoglobin-AGE (Hb-AGE), this modified species accounts for 0.42 percent of circulating hemoglobin in normal individuals but increases to 0.75 percent in patients with diabetes-induced hyperglycemia.
hemoglobin-AGE	decreased level	hemoglobin		Hemoglobins				response	diabetes-induced hyperglycemia	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1|Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2	aminoguanidine	human	blood		1411574	In a group of diabetic patients treated with the advanced glycosylation inhibitor aminoguanidine, Hb-AGE levels decreased significantly over a 1-month period.
glycated hemoglobin	decreased level							monitoring	insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus		improved management	Humans	blood		1576932	All 4 glycated protein levels declined significantly over the 12 week period.
glycated serum proteins	decreased level							monitoring	insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus		improved management	Humans	blood		1576932	All 4 glycated protein levels declined significantly over the 12 week period.
hemoglobin A1C	decreased level							monitoring	insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus		improved management	Humans	blood		1576932	All 4 glycated protein levels declined significantly over the 12 week period.
fructosamine	decreased level							monitoring	insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus		improved management	Humans	blood		1576932	All 4 glycated protein levels declined significantly over the 12 week period.
sialic acid	altered level	endopeptidase-24.11		Neprilysin								rat	kidney	Kidney	1518562	These analyses demonstrate that rat kidney NEP exhibits sialic acid microheterogeneity resulting in two distinct change variants.
glycosylated serum albumin	decreased level	serum albumin		Serum Albumin				monitoring	insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1	improve glycemic control	Humans	blood	Blood Glucose	2693009	Mean +/- SE glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) fell from 9.1 +/- 0.2 to 8.0 +/- 0.1%, glycosylated serum albumin (GSA) from 9.8 +/- 0.4 to 7.3 +/- 0.3%, and fructosamine from 3.92 +/- 0.08 to 3.42 +/- 0.07 mM.
fructosamine	decreased level			Fructosamine				monitoring	insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1	improve glycemic control	Humans	blood	Blood Glucose	2693009	Mean +/- SE glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1) fell from 9.1 +/- 0.2 to 8.0 +/- 0.1%, glycosylated serum albumin (GSA) from 9.8 +/- 0.4 to 7.3 +/- 0.3%, and fructosamine from 3.92 +/- 0.08 to 3.42 +/- 0.07 mM.
IgG	increased ratio	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	Diabetic Retinopathy	Diabetic Retinopathy		Humans	serum		2974777	The fluorescence of the IgG fraction, calculated as the ratio of fluorescence (excitation 360 nm, emission 454 nm) to optical density (280 nm), was elevated in diabetic patients with retinopathy (1.5 +/- 0.5) compared with those without retinopathy (1.1 +/- 0.2, p less than 0.005) and control subjects (1.1 +/- 0.2, p less than 0.005).
albumin	increased ratio	albumin		Serum Albumin				diagnostic	Diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1|Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	serum		2974777	The fluorescence ratio for the albumin fraction was increased in all diabetic patients (11.2 +/- 2.7) compared with control subjects (8.9 +/- 1.5, p less than 0.001).
α-2,6 sialylation	increased level	erythropoietin		EPO protein, human								Human	renal proximal tubular epithelial cells	Kidney Tubules, Proximal	24553072	Additionally, cellular α-2,6 sialylation, Galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-Gal) and N-glycolylneuraminic acid (NeuGc) patterns compare favourably to CHO cells.
N-glycolylneuraminic acid (NeuGc)	loss of structure	erythropoietin		EPO protein, human								Human	renal proximal tubular epithelial cells	Kidney Tubules, Proximal	24553072	Additionally, cellular α-2,6 sialylation, Galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-Gal) and N-glycolylneuraminic acid (NeuGc) patterns compare favourably to CHO cells.
carbohydrate-deficient transferrin	altered level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic|monitoring	heavy alcohol consumption	Alcohol Drinking		Humans	serum		17980706	An alcohol-induced change in the serum transferrin glycoform pattern, carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT), is used as a biomarker for detection and follow-up of heavy alcohol consumption.
β-galactopyranoside	loss of structure	myeloperoxidase		Peroxidase					ANCA associated vasculitis			Humans	Leukocytes	Humans|Leukocytes	27643667	Compared with intact MPO, chlorination activity of deglycosylated MPO declined, in which removing of β-galactopyranoside (0.35 ± 0.02 vs. 0.50 ± 0.04, P < 0.001) and α-linked sialic acid (0.35 ± 0.02 vs. 0.50 ± 0.04, P < 0.001) presented the most significance.
α-linked sialic acid	loss of structure	myeloperoxidase		Peroxidase					ANCA associated vasculitis			Humans	Leukocytes	Humans|Leukocytes	27643667	Compared with intact MPO, chlorination activity of deglycosylated MPO declined, in which removing of β-galactopyranoside (0.35 ± 0.02 vs. 0.50 ± 0.04, P < 0.001) and α-linked sialic acid (0.35 ± 0.02 vs. 0.50 ± 0.04, P < 0.001) presented the most significance.
innermost GlcNAc	loss of structure	myeloperoxidase		Peroxidase					ANCA associated vasculitis			Humans	Leukocytes	Humans|Leukocytes	27643667	Deglycosylation reduced the binding capacity between MPO and its physiological inhibitor-ceruloplasmin, with the most significance on the removal of innermost GlcNAc (0.37 ± 0.04 vs. 1.06 ± 0.11, P < 0.001).
α-linked sialic acid	loss of structure	myeloperoxidase		Peroxidase					ANCA associated vasculitis			Humans	Leukocytes	Humans|Leukocytes	27643667	Binding between MPO and ceruloplasmin was hardly reversed by MPO-ANCA after deglycosylation, especially on the removal of α-linked sialic acid (71.2 ± 5.1% vs. 88.3 ± 1.0%, P = 0.009), chitobiose core (73.6 ± 1.9% vs. 88.3 ± 1.0%, P = 0.001) and GlcNAc (77.9 ± 1.9% vs. 88.3 ± 1.0%, P = 0.002).
chitobiose core	loss of structure	myeloperoxidase		Peroxidase					ANCA associated vasculitis			Humans	Leukocytes	Humans|Leukocytes	27643667	Binding between MPO and ceruloplasmin was hardly reversed by MPO-ANCA after deglycosylation, especially on the removal of α-linked sialic acid (71.2 ± 5.1% vs. 88.3 ± 1.0%, P = 0.009), chitobiose core (73.6 ± 1.9% vs. 88.3 ± 1.0%, P = 0.001) and GlcNAc (77.9 ± 1.9% vs. 88.3 ± 1.0%, P = 0.002).
GlcNAc	loss of structure	myeloperoxidase		Peroxidase					ANCA associated vasculitis			Humans	Leukocytes	Humans|Leukocytes	27643667	Binding between MPO and ceruloplasmin was hardly reversed by MPO-ANCA after deglycosylation, especially on the removal of α-linked sialic acid (71.2 ± 5.1% vs. 88.3 ± 1.0%, P = 0.009), chitobiose core (73.6 ± 1.9% vs. 88.3 ± 1.0%, P = 0.001) and GlcNAc (77.9 ± 1.9% vs. 88.3 ± 1.0%, P = 0.002).
core 1 sialic acid	acquisition of structure	CD8beta		CD8 Antigens|CD8alphabeta antigen	ST3Gal-I		Sialyltransferases|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		cellular differentiation	Cell Differentiation		mouse	thymocyte	Thymus Gland	11719190	ST3Gal-I induction and attendant core 1 sialic acid addition to CD8beta on mature thymocytes decreases CD8alphabeta-MHCI avidity by altering CD8alphabeta domain-domain association and/or orientation.
N-terminal V3 loop glycan	acquisition of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					human immunodeficiency virus type 1	HIV-1		Humans			11069996	We find that the presence or absence of this V3 glycan on clade A and B viruses accorded various degrees of susceptibility to neutralization by antibodies to the CD4 binding site, CD4-induced epitopes, and chemokine receptors.
N-terminal V3 loop glycan	loss of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					human immunodeficiency virus type 1	HIV-1		Humans			11069996	Furthermore, the observation that conserved functional epitopes of HIV-1 are more exposed on V3 glycan-deficient envelope glycoproteins provides a basis for exploring the use of these envelopes as vaccine components.
sialylated O-linked glycans	altered level	bile-salt-stimulated lipase		bile salt-stimulated lipase					lactation	Lactation		human	milk	Milk, Human	10845701	BSSL from the first lactation month also showed a different composition of sialylated O-linked glycans and the N-linked oligosaccharides consisted of lower amounts of fucosylated structures compared to later in lactation.
N-linked oligosaccharides	decreased level	bile-salt-stimulated lipase		bile salt-stimulated lipase					lactation	Lactation		human	milk	Milk, Human	10845701	BSSL from the first lactation month also showed a different composition of sialylated O-linked glycans and the N-linked oligosaccharides consisted of lower amounts of fucosylated structures compared to later in lactation.
Lewis x	increased level	bile-salt-stimulated lipase		bile salt-stimulated lipase					lactation	Lactation		human	milk	Milk, Human	10845701	We also found a gradual increase in the expression of the carbohydrate epitope Lewis x on BSSL throughout the lactation period.
N-glycan of CCP-2	acquisition of structure	Membrane cofactor protein		CD46 protein, human|Membrane Cofactor Protein					measles virus infection			human	host cells		9759896	Previous studies established that the N-glycan of CCP-2 is essential for MV binding and infection and that the splicing variants of the STP domain not only affect MV binding and fusion, but also differentially protect against complement-mediated cytolysis.
N-glycans of CCP-2 and -4	acquisition of structure	Membrane cofactor protein		CD46 protein, human|Membrane Cofactor Protein					complement-mediated cytolysis	Cytoprotection		human	host cells		9759896	For MCP-mediated protection against cytolysis, the N-glycans of CCP-2 and -4 were necessary, the STP segment influenced but was not essential, and the N-glycan of CCP-1 was not required.
high-mannose N-glycans	increased level	CA15-3		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	serum		29749490	The glycosylation level of CA15-3 was found to increase with increasing breast cancer stage in the sandwich assay.
sAGP-1	altered level	alpha-1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				response	inflammation			human	serum		33070381	Serum AGP-1 (sAGP-1) is primarily derived from hepatocytes and circulates as 12-20 different glycoforms.
nAGP-1	altered level	alpha-1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				response	inflammation			human	neutrophils	Neutrophils	33070381	We isolated a glycoform secreted from platelet-activating factor (PAF)-stimulated human neutrophils (nAGP-1).
ADAM17	increased level							response	HIV infection		Zidovudine-based treatment	Humans	Monocytes	Monocytes	29794822	Moreover, we show that ZDV treatment increases the surface expression of CD163 in cultured THP-1 cells, accompanied by the inhibition of glycosylation and surface expression of ADAM17.
ADAM17	decreased level							response	HIV infection		Zidovudine-based treatment	Humans	Monocytes	Monocytes	29794822	Compared with TDF treatment, ZDV treatment causes lower plasma sCD163 levels, probably by inhibiting the glycosylation of ADAM17 and CD163 shedding.
sialyl Lewis X	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1	β-galactoside:α2,3-sialyltransferase 6		beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase	safety	colon cancer		5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine	human	HCT15 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	21168523	We observed an increase of sialyl Lewis X in HCT15 cells, a colon cancer cell line, treated with 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine.
mucin O-glycosylation	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1				response	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms	5-FU	human	pancreatic tumours	Pancreatic Neoplasms	19046630	Studies suggest that mucin O-glycosylation limits the cytotoxic effect of fluorouracil (5-FU) against the growth of human pancreatic cancer cells in vitro.
mucin O-glycosylation	decreased level	MUC1		Mucin-1				response	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms	5-FU	human	pancreatic tumours	Pancreatic Neoplasms	19046630	The antitumour effects of 5-FU (given systemically) against Capan-1 tumours improved significantly following IT injections of benzyl-alpha-GalNAc.
goblet cell mucin	altered level							response	Sjögren's syndrome	Autoimmune Diseases|Dry Eye Syndromes	IL-1R1 antagonist (anakinra)	mouse	conjunctiva	Goblet Cells	24068863	Significantly fewer Maackia amurensis leukoagglutinin positive goblet cells were noted in the conjunctiva of anakinra-treated eyes with a corresponding decrease in the expression of the pathological keratinization marker, SPRR1B.
N-glycans	acquisition of structure	S-layer proteins		S-layer proteins				response	immunostimulatory activity			Lactobacillus kefiri	S-layer proteins	Membrane Glycoproteins|Membrane Proteins	32817316	No N-glycosylation signals were detected in SLP-8348 and SLP-8321, but SLP-5818 was observed to have two sites carrying complex N-glycans based on a site-specific analysis and a glycomic workflow of the permethylated glycans.
O-glycans	unaltered level	S-layer proteins		S-layer proteins				response	immunostimulatory activity			Lactobacillus kefiri	S-layer proteins	Membrane Glycoproteins|Membrane Proteins	32817316	High-performance anion-exchange chromatography-pulse amperometric detector performed after β-elimination showed glucose as the major component in the O-glycans of the three SLPs; however, some differences in the length of hexose chains were observed.
glycosylation	unaltered level	B7-2		B7-2 Antigen				response	T cell activity regulation		Abatacept	Humans	T-Lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	12071705	This suggests that glycosylation is not important for the proper folding of the receptor-binding domain of B7-2 nor for its binding to CTLA-4.
core-fucosylated biantennary glycans	increased level							diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum	Serum	20861084	The levels of core-fucosylated biantennary glycans and α2-3-linked sialic acids were significantly increased in prostate cancer patients compared with patients with BPH.
α2-3-linked sialic acids	increased level							diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum	Serum	20861084	The levels of core-fucosylated biantennary glycans and α2-3-linked sialic acids were significantly increased in prostate cancer patients compared with patients with BPH.
triantennary trigalactosylated glycans	decreased level							diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum	Serum	20861084	Triantennary trigalactosylated glycans and tetraantennary tetrasialylated glycans with outer arm fucose were significantly decreased, and tetraantennary tetrasialylated glycans increased in Gleason 7 compared with Gleason 5.
tetraantennary tetrasialylated glycans with outer arm fucose	decreased level							diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum	Serum	20861084	Triantennary trigalactosylated glycans and tetraantennary tetrasialylated glycans with outer arm fucose were significantly decreased, and tetraantennary tetrasialylated glycans increased in Gleason 7 compared with Gleason 5.
tetraantennary tetrasialylated glycans	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum	Serum	20861084	Triantennary trigalactosylated glycans and tetraantennary tetrasialylated glycans with outer arm fucose were significantly decreased, and tetraantennary tetrasialylated glycans increased in Gleason 7 compared with Gleason 5.
bisected core-fucosylated biantennary monosialylated glycans	decreased level							diagnostic|prognostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum	Serum	20861084	Decreases in triantennary trigalactosylated glycans and/or bisected core-fucosylated biantennary monosialylated glycans and increases in tetraantennary tetrasialylated glycans correlate with perineural invasion, which could further help to diagnose tumor spread and predict patients' survival.
Lea glycans	altered level	carcinoembryonic Ag|CEA-related cell adhesion molecule 1		Carcinoembryonic Antigen|Cell Adhesion Molecules					colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	colon epithelia		18292560	DC-SIGN is involved in the interaction of DCs with SW1116 cells through the recognition of aberrantly glycosylated forms of Lea/Leb glycans on carcinoembryonic Ag (CEA) and CEA-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1).
Leb glycans	altered level	carcinoembryonic Ag|CEA-related cell adhesion molecule 1		Carcinoembryonic Antigen|Cell Adhesion Molecules					colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	colon epithelia		18292560	DC-SIGN is involved in the interaction of DCs with SW1116 cells through the recognition of aberrantly glycosylated forms of Lea/Leb glycans on carcinoembryonic Ag (CEA) and CEA-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1).
Tn	loss of structure	MUC1		MUC1 tandem repeat peptide|Mucin-1					colorectal cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	colorectum	Colon	11425189	In the normal and cancerous colorectum, our results suggest that alkali-catalyzed beta-elimination of periodate oxidized glycan method of chemical deglycosylation modifies the structure of carbohydrates sensitive to mild periodate oxidation resulting in less steric hindrance and selectively removes Tn and sialyl-Tn structures, partially exposing the underlying apomucin epitopes.
sialyl-Tn	loss of structure	MUC1		MUC1 tandem repeat peptide|Mucin-1					colorectal cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	colorectum	Colon	11425189	In the normal and cancerous colorectum, our results suggest that alkali-catalyzed beta-elimination of periodate oxidized glycan method of chemical deglycosylation modifies the structure of carbohydrates sensitive to mild periodate oxidation resulting in less steric hindrance and selectively removes Tn and sialyl-Tn structures, partially exposing the underlying apomucin epitopes.
shielding glycans	undetermined	HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env)		env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus					HIV-1		AIDS Vaccines	Human			24179160	The structure reveals the spatial arrangement of Env components, including the V1/V2, V3, HR1, and HR2 domains, as well as shielding glycans.
N-glycan	altered level	alpha-fetoprotein		AFP protein, human|alpha-Fetoproteins	N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III|fucosyltransferase VIII		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|Fucosyltransferases	diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		human	cell line|patient	Cell Line, Tumor|Humans	18479159	The N-glycan structures of the Lens culinaris agglutinin (LCA)-reactive fraction of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP-L3), a tumor marker of hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), were analyzed in relationship to glycosyltransferases and LCA-affinity electrophoresis.
Tn/Sialyl-Tn-epitopes	acquisition of structure	Mucin 1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	ovarian adenocarcinomas	Adenocarcinoma|Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	ovarian tissue	Humans	20955385	The underglycosylated MUC1 epitopes are expressed by all histotypes of primary ovarian adenocarcinomas, by the vast majority of metastatic lesions and by possible ovarian cancer precursor lesions, but not by normal ovarian tissue.
Tn/Sialyl-Tn-epitopes	acquisition of structure	Mucin 1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	metastatic lesions			Humans	ovarian tissue	Humans	20955385	The underglycosylated MUC1 epitopes are expressed by all histotypes of primary ovarian adenocarcinomas, by the vast majority of metastatic lesions and by possible ovarian cancer precursor lesions, but not by normal ovarian tissue.
Tn/Sialyl-Tn-epitopes	acquisition of structure	Mucin 1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	ovarian cancer precursor lesions			Humans	ovarian tissue	Humans	20955385	The underglycosylated MUC1 epitopes are expressed by all histotypes of primary ovarian adenocarcinomas, by the vast majority of metastatic lesions and by possible ovarian cancer precursor lesions, but not by normal ovarian tissue.
O-linked oligosaccharide	altered level	hCGbeta subunit		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human								Human			12242028	An alternative site not used in the native subunit was glycosylated and the structure of this oligosaccharide differed from the wild-type O-linked carbohydrates.
hypoglycosylated MUC1	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic|prognostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	prostate tissue		16773184	The results for the microarray indicated that higher Gleason grades were associated with markedly increased cellular staining by MAbs that preferentially recognize less glycosylated MUC1 (BrE-3, p<0.001; SM3, p<0.004; EMA, p=0.009; and BC2, p<0.001).
N-glycosylation	altered level	Ki-67 proteins		Ki-67 Antigen				monitoring	cycling cells			Humans	L428 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8883465	Labelling experiments with [3H]-mannose and [3H]-glucose revealed that the protein is weakly N-glycosylated.
sialylated N-glycans	decreased level	anti-proteinase 3 antibodies		Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic				diagnostic	granulomatosis with polyangiitis	Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis		Humans	serum		21437874	The mean sialylation ratio of anti-PR3 antibodies was significantly lower in patients with active disease than in patients with weakly active or inactive disease, and this was inversely correlated with the Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS) (P < 0.0001).
dHex₁ Hex₃ HexNAc₄ agalactosylated structures	increased level	anti-proteinase 3 antibodies		Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic				diagnostic	granulomatosis with polyangiitis	Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis		Humans	serum		21437874	The characterization of N-glycans showed a decrease in 2,6-linked sialylated N-glycans and an increase in dHex₁ Hex₃ HexNAc₄ (mass/charge 1,836) agalactosylated structures in purified IgG from patients with active disease compared with controls.
N-glycome	altered level							diagnostic	chronic hepatitis B	Hepatitis B, Chronic		Humans	serum		22345337	The present study aimed to evaluate the changes in the serum N-glycome profiles in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients and to assess the role of N-glycome-derived markers in the noninvasive diagnosis of liver fibrosis.
N-glycome	altered level							diagnostic	liver fibrosis			Humans	serum		22345337	N-glycomic changes are present in the serum of CHB patients with liver fibrosis, and N-glycan profiling is a noninvasive and effective tool to assess the liver fibrosis, especially in combination with serum marker panels.
glycosylation at position 239 of p41	loss of structure	invariant chain (Ii)		invariant chain	mannosidase I				misfolded protein degradation				endoplasmic reticulum	Endoplasmic Reticulum	15294975	We show that loss of glycosylation at position 239 of p41 does not detectably affect Ii trimerization or association with class II but does result in a defect in endoplasmic reticulum export of Ii that ultimately leads to its degradation via the ERAD pathway.
N-linked oligosaccharides	loss of structure	chorionic gonadotropin beta subunit		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human								Humans	endoplasmic reticulum	Endoplasmic Reticulum	8702502	However, beta-chaperone complexes containing the ER chaperones BiP, ERp72, and ERp94 have been detected in slow folding mutants of hCG-beta subunit that lack both of the N-linked oligosaccharides (Feng, W., Matzuk, M. M., Mountjoy, K., Bedows, E., Ruddon, R. W., and Boime, I. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 11851-11859).
CD2v glycoprotein	unaltered level	CD2v		CD2 Antigens					African swine fever	African Swine Fever Virus		Sus scrofa	ASFV-infected cells		14718626	Here we have shown that CD2v is expressed as a glycoprotein of approximately 105 kDa in ASFV-infected cells.
simple mucin-type glycoproteins	decreased level	simple mucin-type glycoproteins		Gastric Mucins					Helicobacter pylori infection	Helicobacter Infections	eradication of H. pylori	Humans	surface mucous cells		9849856	Simple mucin-type glycoproteins showed antrum-predominant expression in normal volunteers and were found in significantly fewer surface mucous cells in infected patients than in normal volunteers; their expression was restored after eradication of H. pylori.
Sialyl Lewis(a) and Lewis(b)	decreased level								Helicobacter pylori infection	Helicobacter Infections	eradication of H. pylori	Humans	surface mucous cells		9849856	Sialyl Lewis(a) and Lewis(b) were expressed in fewer surface mucous cells after than before eradication.
N-glycans	undetermined	Complement receptor 3		Macrophage-1 Antigen								Bordetella pertussis	Complement receptor 3	Macrophage-1 Antigen	25554420	The interaction of Bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase toxin (CyaA) with complement receptor 3 (CR3, CD11b/CD18) involves N-linked oligosaccharide chains.
O-glycans	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					Fibroadenoma	Fibroadenoma		Humans	breast tissue	Breast	20024790	Expression of O-glycans seems to contribute to the proliferation and transformation events.
O-glycans	altered level	CA15-3							Fibroadenoma	Fibroadenoma		Humans	breast tissue	Breast	20024790	Our results show positive expression of CA15-3 and MUC1 in fibroadenoma tissue, mainly in duct and stroma cells, whereas, in normal samples, staining was observed in duct cells.
α2,6sialylated N-glycans	acquisition of structure	Carcinoembryonic antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen				diagnostic	Colon adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma|Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	Colon adenocarcinoma tissue	Adenocarcinoma|Colon|Colonic Neoplasms|Humans	27492976	Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a glycoprotein marker, which is widely used for diagnosing various cancers, especially colon adenocarcinoma.
N-glycans	altered level	KLK3|KLK4|KLK11		KLK3 protein, human|kallikrein 4|Kallikreins				diagnostic	prostate cancer			Human	prostate		29975661	Notably, these KLKs are upregulated in prostate cancer and are used as clinical biomarkers or have been proposed as therapeutic targets.
glycosylation	altered level							diagnostic	endotoxemia	Endotoxemia	administration of low-dose endotoxin	Humans	plasma	Blood Proteins	17453742	Clinical features did not distinguish these extreme responders from others, suggesting that plasma proteome changes offered unique insights into and potential biomarkers of subclinical events following endotoxin exposure.
core-fucosylated residues	decreased level				α-1,6-fucosyltransferase (Fut8)		Fucosyltransferases|Glycoprotein 6-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase	diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		human	serum|gastric tumor tissues	|	24732908	Compared with the healthy control, a trianntenary structure abundance, peak 9 (NA3Fb), was increased significantly in gastric cancer, while the total abundance of core-fucosylated residues (sumfuc) was decreased.
core-fucosylated structures, peak6(NA2F) and peak7(NA2FB)	decreased level				α-1,6-fucosyltransferase (Fut8)		Fucosyltransferases|Glycoprotein 6-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase	diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		human	gastric tumor tissues		24732908	Core-fucosylated structures, peak6(NA2F) and peak7(NA2FB) were deceased in gastric tumor tissues when compared with that in adjacent non-tumor tissues.
tri-antennary tri-sialylated mono-fucosylated glycan	increased level	alpha-1 antitrypsin		SERPINA1 protein, human|alpha 1-Antitrypsin	Fucosyltransferases	FUT6	Fucosyltransferases|FUT6 protein, human	diagnostic	non-alcoholic steatohepatitis	Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease		Humans	serum		31941930	Serum AAT-A3F concentrations were significantly higher in NASH patients than in NAFL patients, and in patients with fibrosis, lobular inflammation, and ballooning.
sialyl-Lewis x	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	pancreatic adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma|Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	pancreatic cancer tissues		29408556	MUC1-SLe<x> and MUC5AC-SLe<x> were found in 68% and 84% respectively, of the mucin expressing PDAC tissues, while STn hardly colocalized with any of the evaluated mucins.
sialyl-Lewis x	acquisition of structure	MUC5AC		MUC5AC protein, human|Mucin 5AC				diagnostic	pancreatic adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma|Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	pancreatic cancer tissues		29408556	MUC1-SLe<x> and MUC5AC-SLe<x> were found in 68% and 84% respectively, of the mucin expressing PDAC tissues, while STn hardly colocalized with any of the evaluated mucins.
sialyl-Tn	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	pancreatic adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma|Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	pancreatic cancer tissues		29408556	STn expression was shown in 76% of the PDAC tissues.
Lactosylceramide	decreased level				β-1,4-galactosyltransferase V	B4galt5	beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase V					Mouse	mouse embryonic fibroblast cells	Cell Line|Fibroblasts	21057870	Consistent with this, amounts of Lac-Cer and its derivative GM3 in B4galt5 ( -/- ) -derived MEF cells decreased remarkably when compared with those of B4galt5 ( +/+ )-derived MEF cells.
O-GlcNAcylation	altered level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	brain regions|serum	Brain|	28929132	Deviations from the normal nucleoplasmic protein O-GlcNAcylation, as well as from normal protein sialylation and N-glycosylation in the secretory pathway, have been reported in Alzheimer's disease (AD).
N-glycosylation	altered level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	brain regions|serum	Brain|	28929132	Deviations from the normal nucleoplasmic protein O-GlcNAcylation, as well as from normal protein sialylation and N-glycosylation in the secretory pathway, have been reported in Alzheimer's disease (AD).
O-glycosylation	altered level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	brain regions|serum	Brain|	28929132	Deviations from the normal nucleoplasmic protein O-GlcNAcylation, as well as from normal protein sialylation and N-glycosylation in the secretory pathway, have been reported in Alzheimer's disease (AD).
N-glycans	altered level	Thy-1		Thy-1 Antigens					neural			rat|mouse|human	neural cells	Nerve Tissue Proteins	8104555	Here we report a comparative analysis of the site-specific N-glycosylation patterns from rat (Asn 23, 74, 98), mouse (Asn 23, 75, 99) and human (Asn 23, 60, 100) neural Thy-1.
sialyl-Tn	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Antigens, Neoplasm|Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate	ST6GalNAc-I		Sialyltransferases|CMP-N-acetylneuraminate-alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminide alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase	diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	immunotherapy	human	breast carcinoma	Breast Neoplasms	16319059	Of the tumor-associated sialylated O-glycans, the disaccharide, sialyl-Tn (sialic acid alpha2,6GalNAc), is expressed by 30% of breast carcinomas and is the most tumor-specific.
N-glycans	unaltered level	Siglec-E		Siglece protein, mouse					inflammation			Mouse	neutrophils|monocytes|macrophages|dendritic cells	Neutrophils|Monocytes|Macrophages|Dendritic Cells	27920204	Binding of sialylated glycans or other ligands triggers signals that inhibit or activate inflammation.
6'-sulfo sialyl Lewis(x)	unaltered level	Siglec-8		SIGLEC8 protein, human				response	asthma		Siglec-8-targeted agonists	Humans	eosinophils|mast cells		27357658	Our work provides critical structural and mechanistic insights into how Siglec-8 selectively recognizes its glycan target, rationalizes the functional impact of site-specific glycan sulfation in modulating this lectin-glycan interaction, and will enable the rational design of Siglec-8-targeted agonists to treat eosinophil- and mast cell-related allergic and inflammatory diseases, such as asthma.
Forssman disaccharide (GalNAcα1-3GalNAcβ)	altered level							prognostic	Prostatic Neoplasms	Prostatic Neoplasms	PROSTVAC-VF	Humans	serum		24733910	These responses had a statistically significant correlation with overall survival in two independent sample sets (P = 0.015 and 0.008) comprising more than 100 patients.
glycans	altered level	gp160		HIV Envelope Protein gp160					HIV	HIV		Humans			8635586	Thus, glycans stabilize gp160 conformation in some environments.
terminal alpha-GlcNAc	acquisition of structure	MUC5AC		MUC5AC protein, human|Mucin 5AC	A4GNT		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases	diagnostic	intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms			human	epithelia of mucinous cysts	Humans|Pancreatic Cyst	27992432	The alpha-linked glycoform of MUC5AC was unique to intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN), whereas terminal beta-linked GlcNAc was increased in both IPMNs and mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCN).
terminal beta-GlcNAc	increased level	MUC5AC		MUC5AC protein, human|Mucin 5AC				diagnostic	intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms			human	epithelia of mucinous cysts	Humans|Pancreatic Cyst	27992432	The alpha-linked glycoform of MUC5AC was unique to intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN), whereas terminal beta-linked GlcNAc was increased in both IPMNs and mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCN).
terminal beta-GlcNAc	increased level	MUC5AC		MUC5AC protein, human|Mucin 5AC				diagnostic	mucinous cystic neoplasms			human	epithelia of mucinous cysts	Humans|Pancreatic Cyst	27992432	The alpha-linked glycoform of MUC5AC was unique to intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN), whereas terminal beta-linked GlcNAc was increased in both IPMNs and mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCN).
O-glycan	altered level				GalNAc-T5		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases	prognostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	gastric cancer tissues	Stomach Neoplasms	24619076	GalNAc-T5 expression was markedly reduced in gastric cancer tissues compared with non-malignant gastric mucosa.
Fucosylated glycans	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	serum		27755965	Fucosylated haptoglobin (Hp) was reported to be increased in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
T(N)	acquisition of structure	Mucins		Mucins					tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					14679512	The efficiency of the ligation is highlighted by the rapid convergent assembly of thio-isosteres of the four tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens, T(N), T, ST(N), and 2,6-ST, as a pair of diastereoisomers at the newly formed cysteine stereocenter.
T	acquisition of structure	Mucins		Mucins					tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					14679512	The efficiency of the ligation is highlighted by the rapid convergent assembly of thio-isosteres of the four tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens, T(N), T, ST(N), and 2,6-ST, as a pair of diastereoisomers at the newly formed cysteine stereocenter.
ST(N)	acquisition of structure	Mucins		Mucins					tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					14679512	The efficiency of the ligation is highlighted by the rapid convergent assembly of thio-isosteres of the four tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens, T(N), T, ST(N), and 2,6-ST, as a pair of diastereoisomers at the newly formed cysteine stereocenter.
2,6-ST	acquisition of structure	Mucins		Mucins					tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					14679512	The efficiency of the ligation is highlighted by the rapid convergent assembly of thio-isosteres of the four tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens, T(N), T, ST(N), and 2,6-ST, as a pair of diastereoisomers at the newly formed cysteine stereocenter.
N-deacetylsialyl Lewis X ganglioside	increased level	L-Selectin		E-Selectin|P-Selectin|Selectins											12433475	L-Selectin bound more strongly to N-deacetylsialyl Lewis X ganglioside than to the sialyl Lewis X ganglioside, whereas E- and P-selectins bound equally well to the two gangliosides.
sialyl Lewis X ganglioside	unaltered level	E-Selectin|P-Selectin		E-Selectin|P-Selectin											12433475	L-Selectin bound more strongly to N-deacetylsialyl Lewis X ganglioside than to the sialyl Lewis X ganglioside, whereas E- and P-selectins bound equally well to the two gangliosides.
Sialyl Lewis X	decreased level				fucosyltransferase VI		Fucosyltransferases		thrombosis			Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	10099358	Sialyl Lewis X (sLex) is a cell-surface oligosaccharide determinant which is specifically expressed on granulocytes and monocytes and which interacts with selectins to influence leukocyte trafficking, thrombosis, inflammation, and cancer.
Sialyl Lewis X	decreased level				fucosyltransferase VI		Fucosyltransferases		inflammation			Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	10099358	Sialyl Lewis X (sLex) is a cell-surface oligosaccharide determinant which is specifically expressed on granulocytes and monocytes and which interacts with selectins to influence leukocyte trafficking, thrombosis, inflammation, and cancer.
Sialyl Lewis X	decreased level				fucosyltransferase VI		Fucosyltransferases		cancer			Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	10099358	Sialyl Lewis X (sLex) is a cell-surface oligosaccharide determinant which is specifically expressed on granulocytes and monocytes and which interacts with selectins to influence leukocyte trafficking, thrombosis, inflammation, and cancer.
glycosylation	undetermined	chimeric antibody		Antibodies, Monoclonal					common acute lymphocytic leukemia			mouse	myeloma cells	Mice|Cell Line	2948638	The molecular weight of the chimeric heavy chain molecules was reduced from 54,000 to 50,000 upon treatment with tunicamycin, suggesting that the peptide was normally glycosylated in the transformants.
PSA fucosylation	increased level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		38677453	From previous findings to quantify increased PSA fucosylation in urine, we set out to construct a robust, specific test concept suitable for plasma samples.
CD90 glycosylation	increased level	CD90		Thy-1 Antigens				response	obesity-related metabolic dysfunction	Obesity	FGF21 treatment	Mice	visceral white adipose tissue	Adipose Tissue, White	37690164	Notably, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) treatment significantly reduced the senescent phenotypes of ASCs by augmenting CD90 protein via glycosylation, which promoted glucose influx via the AKT-GLUT4 axis and therefore mitigated ROS overload.
transferrin	altered level	transferrin		Genetic Markers				diagnostic	congenital defects of glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		Humans			33960646	Isoelectric focusing of transferrin has been used as a screening method but has limitations.
N-glycosylation sites	altered level	surface glycoproteins		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic	disease			Humans	cell surface		31025852	These results provide valuable information to the glycoscience and biomedical communities and aid in the discovery of surface glycoproteins as disease biomarkers and drug targets.
glycosylated fetuin-A	altered level	fetuin-A		alpha-Fetoproteins					Chronic Kidney Disease	Kidney Failure, Chronic		Humans	plasma		20420817	The apparently contradictory nature of reports of the association of fetuin-A with biological variables may reflect differences in the specificity of different ELISA methods for glycosylated plasma fetuin-A.
deglycosylated fetuin-A	altered level	fetuin-A		alpha-Fetoproteins					Chronic Kidney Disease	Kidney Failure, Chronic		Humans	plasma		20420817	The Epitope Diagnostics kit demonstrated significant positive bias and greater specificity for deglycosylated fetuin-A relative to the Biovendor assay.
glycosylation	altered level								cancer			Humans	serum|tissue		16400815	Detection of glycosylation changes in serum and tissue proteins in cancer by lectin blotting.
highly sialylated multi-branched glycans	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	ulcerative colitis	Colitis, Ulcerative		Humans	serum		24116015	Pathway analysis demonstrated that highly sialylated multi-branched glycans and agalactosyl bi-antennary glycans were elevated in UC patients; in addition, the glycan ratio m/z 2378/1914, which also increased in UC, showed the highest Area under Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (0.923) for the diagnosis of UC.
agalactosyl bi-antennary glycans	increased level							diagnostic	ulcerative colitis	Colitis, Ulcerative		Humans	serum		24116015	Pathway analysis demonstrated that highly sialylated multi-branched glycans and agalactosyl bi-antennary glycans were elevated in UC patients; in addition, the glycan ratio m/z 2378/1914, which also increased in UC, showed the highest Area under Receiver Operating Characteristic curve (0.923) for the diagnosis of UC.
glycan ratio m/z 2378/1914	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	ulcerative colitis	Colitis, Ulcerative		Humans	serum		24116015	The glycan ratio m/z 2378/1914 was an independent predictive factor of the prognosis of UC.
sialic acid	altered level	MUC5B		MUC5B protein, human|Mucin-5B				risk	cystic fibrosis	Cystic Fibrosis		human	saliva	Salivary Proteins and Peptides	11845304	CF is associated with a shift from a 2-->6 linkage to a 2-->3 linkage on MG1 with some patients showing almost no 2-->6 linkage; 2-->3 linkage on MG2 is similarly increased in disease in some individuals.
sialic acid	altered level	MUC7		MUC7 protein, human				risk	cystic fibrosis	Cystic Fibrosis		human	saliva	Salivary Proteins and Peptides	11845304	CF is associated with a shift from a 2-->6 linkage to a 2-->3 linkage on MG1 with some patients showing almost no 2-->6 linkage; 2-->3 linkage on MG2 is similarly increased in disease in some individuals.
fucose	increased level	MUC5B|MUC7		MUC5B protein, human|MUC7 protein, human				risk	cystic fibrosis	Cystic Fibrosis		human	saliva	Salivary Proteins and Peptides	11845304	The expression of fucose on these mucins is also raised in CF patients.
sialyl-Lewis X	acquisition of structure	MUC5B|MUC7		MUC5B protein, human|MUC7 protein, human				risk	cystic fibrosis	Cystic Fibrosis		human	saliva	Salivary Proteins and Peptides	11845304	These shift to a 2-->3 linkage of sialic acid, and with increased fucosylation this promotes the formation of sialyl-Lewis X antigen detected on CF mucins in our study.
UGP85	unaltered level			Glycoproteins					urothelial differentiation				urothelium	Epithelium	1307937	Using a new monoclonal antibody (AE32) we have identified an 85-100 kDa glycoprotein (UGP85) which appears to be urothelium-specific.
N-linked oligosaccharides	acquisition of structure	neutral endopeptidase-24.11		Metalloendopeptidases|Neprilysin								Humans	fibroblasts	Fibroblasts	3481263	The enzyme was synthesized as a precursor (Mr 88,000) containing four or five N-linked oligosaccharides.
sialylated oligosaccharides	acquisition of structure	neutral endopeptidase-24.11		Metalloendopeptidases|Neprilysin								Humans	fibroblasts	Fibroblasts	3481263	Within 1 h the synthesis-mature (Mr 94,000) endopeptidase-24.11 was formed and contained sialylated oligosaccharides.
hyperglycosylated hCG	increased level	hCG		Chorionic Gonadotropin				risk	Down syndrome	Down Syndrome		Human	urine		10831986	To evaluate measurement of levels of urine hyperglycosylated hCG, a form of hCG with abnormally branched oligosaccharide side chains, in conjunction with ultrasound biometry for Down syndrome risk prediction in an at-risk group.
N-linked glycosylation	altered level	H-2 Kb molecule		H-2Kb protein, mouse					TCR recognition interference			mouse	H-2b-expressing cell lines	H-2 Antigens|Mice	7722454	The major distinction identified between the two Kb subsets is that they differ substantially in their degree of N-linked glycosylation, with the Ly-m11+ subset containing Kb molecules with larger and more complex carbohydrate modifications than the M1/42high subset.
N-acetylglucosaminylasparagine	undetermined	Carcinoembryonic antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen											3469650	The peptides were sequenced on a gas-phase microsequencer, and glycosylation sites were identified as the phenylthiohydantoin derivative of N-acetylglucosaminylasparagine.
protein-glycosylation	altered level							diagnostic|prognostic|predictive	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal|Pancreatic Neoplasms	surgical techniques and new (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy regimens	Humans	blood- and tissue-derived samples	Body Fluids	33800786	For this purpose, we systematically evaluated the literature published between 1999 and 2020 with a focus on protein- and protein-glycosylation biomarkers in pancreatic cancer patients.
GlycA	increased level							diagnostic	subclinical myocardial dysfunction	Ventricular Dysfunction, Left		Humans	plasma		36434633	PLS-DA showed that triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRLs), such as VLDL (total VLDL particles, large VLDL subclass and VLDL-TG content) and IDL (IDL cholesterol content), as well as the plasma concentration of GlycA, were associated with the presence of subclinical myocardial dysfunction.
oncofetal fibronectin	increased level	fibronectin		Fibronectins|oncofetal fibronectin				prognostic	oral squamous cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|Mouth Neoplasms		Humans	tumor	Mouth Neoplasms	11735145	The presence of OFFN glycoprotein in oral SCC as evaluated by immunostaining with MoAb 5C10 correlates strongly with the presence of metastatic lymph node involvement, particularly extracapsular involvement, and mortality.
beta-galactosides	undetermined	CD45		Leukocyte Common Antigens					apoptosis of activated T cells				T cells	Lymphocytes	10814697	Recently, galectin-1 has been shown to play a possible role in the immune system mediating apoptosis of activated T cells with indirect evidence suggesting that galectin-1 interacts with the heavily glycosylated, transmembrane, protein phosphotyrosine phosphatase CD45.
beta-galactosides	undetermined	Thy-1		Thy-1 Antigens					apoptosis of activated T cells				T cells	Lymphocytes	10814697	Galectin-1 was shown to bind CD45 and Thy-1 in a carbohydrate-dependent manner.
C-mannosylated WSPW peptide	altered level	E-cadherin		CDH1 protein, human|Cadherins					altered morphology of epithelial-like cells			Humans	A549 cells	A549 Cells	34673139	C-Man-WSPW peptide, but not non-mannosylated WSPW, reduced E-cadherin levels in A549 cells.
sialylated MUC1	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms	Pancreatic Intraductal Neoplasms		Humans	cystic wall		30549137	We have recently reported that MUC1 is strongly expressed in both gastric and intestinal types IPMN specimens from the cystic wall, obtained by endoscopic ultrasound guided microbiopsy procedure.
oncofetal fibronectin	unaltered level	Fibronectin		oncofetal fibronectin				diagnostic	oral squamous cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell		Humans	Saliva	Saliva	10890557	Salivary OFFN levels were similar for patients both with oral SCC and those without, suggesting that this would not be a useful test for the detection of oral SCC.
glycosylation	altered level	acetylcholinesterase		Acetylcholinesterase				diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	lumbar cerebrospinal fluid		11032625	We report here that the glycosylation of AChE is also altered in lumbar CSF collected antemortem.
N-acetylgalactosamine	unaltered level	MUC1		Mucin-1	UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases		pancreatic tumor	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	pancreatic tumor cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8033093	Results obtained with peptides of different lengths (from one to five repeats) suggest that increasing the number of tandem repeats has neither a positive nor a negative effect on the density of glycosylation along the MUC1 tandem repeat protein backbone.
glycosylated PAI-2	increased level	Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 2		Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 2					keratinocyte differentiation			Humans	keratinocytes	Keratinocytes	9674118	As the cultures become more differentiated due to longer incubation with Ca2+, the glycosylated form is preferentially elevated.
sialylated O-linked glycans	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1					cancers	Neoplasms		human	cancer cells	Humans	27595232	Aberrant glycosylation occurs in essentially all types of cancers and results in increased sialylation.
core-fucosylated protein glycoforms	increased level							diagnostic	Prostate Cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		29695737	Specific lectins (AAL, PHA-L and PHA-E) were used to target and chromatographically separate core-fucosylated and highly-branched protein glycoforms for analysis, as differential expression of these glycan types have been previously associated with PCa.
highly-branched protein glycoforms	increased level							diagnostic	Prostate Cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		29695737	Specific lectins (AAL, PHA-L and PHA-E) were used to target and chromatographically separate core-fucosylated and highly-branched protein glycoforms for analysis, as differential expression of these glycan types have been previously associated with PCa.
high-mannose core structures of N-linked glycans	acquisition of structure								melanoma	Neoplasms		Humans	tumor cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	19223535	One mAb, TM10, recognizes a range of human tumor cell lines, including melanoma, prostate, and ovarian cancer.
high-mannose core structures of N-linked glycans	acquisition of structure								prostate cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	tumor cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	19223535	One mAb, TM10, recognizes a range of human tumor cell lines, including melanoma, prostate, and ovarian cancer.
high-mannose core structures of N-linked glycans	acquisition of structure								ovarian cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	tumor cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	19223535	One mAb, TM10, recognizes a range of human tumor cell lines, including melanoma, prostate, and ovarian cancer.
α2,3-linked sialic acids	increased level				β-galactoside α2,3-sialyltransferase IV	ST3Gal-IV	Sialyltransferases|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase	prognostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	gastric cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	28259967	Further analysis revealed that the level of α2,3-linked sialic acids (α2-3Sia), which can be recognized by MAL-I, was significantly overexpressed in MGC-803 cells, while low expression was detected in SGC-7901 cells.
core fucosylation	unaltered level	Prostate Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	urine		28495148	Changes in the levels of specific glycosylation determinants, that in serum PSA samples were indicative of PCa aggressiveness, were not found in PSA from DRE urine samples.
α2,6-sialic acid	unaltered level	Prostate Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	urine		28495148	Changes in the levels of specific glycosylation determinants, that in serum PSA samples were indicative of PCa aggressiveness, were not found in PSA from DRE urine samples.
sialyl residues	altered level	fetuin|asialo fetuin|MN glycophorin A|human chorionic gonadotropin β subunit|GlyCAM-1|CD43|porcine Cowper's gland mucin|bovine casein macroglycopeptide|human placental glycoproteins|haptoglobin		|Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate|Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate|Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate|Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate|Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate|Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate|Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate|Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate|Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate	ST3Gal-II		CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid-monosialoganglioside sialyltransferase|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase					Mammalian			21913655	This study shows by using [9-(3)H]- or [(14)C]sialyl mucin core 2 compounds that ST3Gal-II exchanges sialyl residues between CMP-NeuAc and the NeuAcα2,3Galβ1,3GalNAc unit and also radiolabels sialyl residues in gangliosides GD1a and GT1b, but not GM1.
O-glycosylation	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1	GCNT3			predictive|response	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	chemotherapy	Humans	breast cancer cells	Breast Neoplasms	35970845	Notably, further investigation discovered that membrane-dependent drug resistance relied on the extracellular glycosylated modification since removing O-glycosylation via inhibitor, enzyme digestion, or GCNT3 (MUC1 related O-glycosyltransferase) knockout markedly reinvigorated the chemosensitivity in WT cells, but had no effect on KO cells.
N-linked glycosylation	undetermined	prolactin-like proteins L (PLP-L)		Prl2a1 protein, rat					invasive trophoblasts			rat	placenta	Placenta	10906059	The encoded proteins of the two novel clones, designated prolactin-like proteins L (PLP-L) and M (PLP-M), are predicted to be synthesized as precursors of 229 and 227 amino acids, modified by N-linked glycosylation, and secreted as mature glycoproteins of 199 and 200 residues, respectively.
N-linked glycosylation	undetermined	prolactin-like proteins M (PLP-M)		Prl5a1 protein, rat					invasive trophoblasts			rat	placenta	Placenta	10906059	The encoded proteins of the two novel clones, designated prolactin-like proteins L (PLP-L) and M (PLP-M), are predicted to be synthesized as precursors of 229 and 227 amino acids, modified by N-linked glycosylation, and secreted as mature glycoproteins of 199 and 200 residues, respectively.
N-linked glycosylation	undetermined	proliferin-related protein (PRP)		Prl7d1 protein, rat					invasive trophoblasts			rat	placenta	Placenta	10906059	The open reading frame of rat PRP encodes a precursor protein of 245 amino acids and predicts a secreted 215-amino acid glycoprotein with 81% identity to mouse PRP.
glycophore	increased level								chronic heart failure	Heart Failure		Humans	non-stimulated whole saliva		33477706	We also observed increased content of protein glycoxidation products (↑dityrosine, ↑kynurenine, ↑glycophore) in NWS and SWS of HF patients with HS compared to healthy controls.
CA125 antigen	altered level	Mucin 16		CA-125 Antigen								Human	amniotic fluid	Amniotic Fluid	29969582	CA125 antigen from human amniotic fluid soluble and extracellular vesicles (EVs)-containing fractions were characterized aiming at the possible glycosylation-associated mode of distribution as a factor contributing to the reported conflicting structural data.
lipid-linked oligosaccharide	altered level	CEACAM1		CD66 antigens					gastric cancer			human	Kato III cells	Cell Line, Tumor	29671116	In this study we report that Kato III human gastric cancer cells represent a model of deficient LLO synthesis, possessing a homozygous deletion of the LLO biosynthesis factor, MPDU1.
lipid-linked oligosaccharide	altered level	CEACAM1		CD66 antigens					gastric cancer			human	tumor xenografts		29671116	Surprisingly, the restoration of MPDU1 expression in Kato III cells demonstrated a clear phenotype of increased cell-cell adhesion, a finding that was confirmed in vivo through analysis of tumor xenografts.
glycated peptides	altered level	human serum albumin		Serum Albumin|Glycated Serum Albumin				diagnostic	type 2 diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		human	plasma		23894188	As a result, three of the eight glucose-sensitive peptides (FKDLGEENFK, LDELRDEGK, and KVPQVSTPTLVEVSR) were selected and could be used as potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of T2DM.
glycosylation	loss of structure	VE-cadherin		Cadherins|cadherin 5											21269602	Trimerization of the bacterially produced protein appears to be an artifact that arises from a lack of glycosylation.
carbohydrate-deficient transferrin	undetermined	Transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	Alcohol Drinking	Alcohol Drinking		Humans			17988980	Pathologic significance of carbohydrate-deficient transferrin.
Hyperglycosylated human chorionic gonadotrophin (H-hCG)	increased level	human chorionic gonadotrophin		Chorionic Gonadotropin|glycosylated HCG				diagnostic	Down syndrome	Down Syndrome		Humans	urine		11113909	Urine H-hCG has recently proved to be a highly sensitive marker for Down syndrome screening in the second trimester of pregnancy.
Hyperglycosylated human chorionic gonadotrophin (H-hCG)	decreased level	human chorionic gonadotrophin		Chorionic Gonadotropin|glycosylated HCG				diagnostic	trisomy 13	Chromosome Aberrations|Chromosome Disorders		Humans	urine		11113909	The MoMs of the trisomy 13 and 18 pregnancies were 0.2, 0.2 and 0.3.
Hyperglycosylated human chorionic gonadotrophin (H-hCG)	decreased level	human chorionic gonadotrophin		Chorionic Gonadotropin|glycosylated HCG				diagnostic	trisomy 18	Chromosome Aberrations|Chromosome Disorders		Humans	urine		11113909	The MoMs of the trisomy 13 and 18 pregnancies were 0.2, 0.2 and 0.3.
glycosylated pyridinoline	decreased level								diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus|Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1|Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	urine		9578822	In the diabetic group, values of urinary gPYD and tDYD were significantly lower than in controls.
free pyridinoline	decreased level								diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus|Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1|Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	urine		9578822	Free pyridinium crosslinks, both fPYD and fDPD, were excreted to a significantly lower extent.
free deoxypyridinoline	decreased level								diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus|Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1|Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	urine		9578822	Free pyridinium crosslinks, both fPYD and fDPD, were excreted to a significantly lower extent.
total pyridinoline to total deoxypyridinoline ratio	increased ratio								diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus|Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1|Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	urine		9578822	The molar ratio of tPYD to tDPD was significantly increased in diabetes mellitus.
O-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	68 kDa autoantigen		Autoantigens				diagnostic	rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		Humans	synovial membranes	Synovial Membrane	7794040	It has an isoelectric point of 5.1, is O-glycosylated, and is located in the endoplasmic reticulum, the cytoplasm, or both.
Bikunin isoforms	altered level	Bikunin		alpha-1-microglobulin				diagnostic	congenital disorders of glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		Humans	serum		32700771	Here, we analyzed all serum Bkn isoforms in a context of congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) and showed very specific abnormal patterns suggesting potential interests for their screening and diagnosis.
Bikunin isoforms	altered level	Bikunin		alpha-1-microglobulin				diagnostic	linkeropathies			Humans	serum		32700771	Moreover, besides being interesting as a specific biomarker of both CDG and linkeropathies, Bkn isoforms' analyses can provide new insights into the pathophysiology of the aforementioned diseases.
sulfa-Tn antigens	undetermined	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				response	cancer		therapeutic vaccines				27305427	These features, together with potential lack of immune suppression, render these unnatural glycopeptides promising candidates for designing alternative therapeutic vaccines against cancer.
O-N-acetylglucosamine	altered level								fatty liver	Fatty Liver		mice	liver	Liver	26725750	Changes to liver protein acetylation, phosphorylation, and O-N-acetylglucosamine glycosylation were quantified and compared between normal and diseased states.
glycosylation	altered level	VEGF(165)		VEGFA protein, human|Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A				diagnostic	cardiovascular diseases			human	insect cells	Insecta	19373805	The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is involved in different sicknesses (cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and other).
glycosylation	altered level	VEGF(165)		VEGFA protein, human|Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A				diagnostic	cancer			human	insect cells	Insecta	19373805	The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is involved in different sicknesses (cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and other).
beta-galactoside alpha 2,6-sialyltransferase	decreased level				beta-galactoside alpha 2,6-sialyltransferase		beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase		Carcinoma, Hepatocellular	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular	n-butyrate	Humans	Hep G2 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	1316908	We report here that treatment of Hep G2 cells with 5 mM n-butyrate for 24 h reduced beta-galactoside alpha 2,6-sialyltransferase mRNA levels by approximately 90%.
alpha 2-HS glycoprotein	undetermined	alpha 2-HS glycoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins								Humans		Humans	1372866	Twelve cysteine residues were found at invariant positions in all fetuin sequences, suggesting strongly that the arrangement of disulphide bridges identified in human alpha 2-HS glycoprotein is common to the members of the family.
N-glycosylation	undetermined	carcinoembryonic antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen								Chinese Hamster	Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells	CHO Cells	1371822	The divergence of the observed mol. wts from those calculated from cDNA sequences seems to indicate that these recombinant proteins are highly N-glycosylated.
glycation	altered level	hair protein		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		human	hair	Hair	3234195	We used furosine, which is derived from fructose-lysine and is a glycation product, to measure the extent of hair protein glycation in diabetic patients.
glycated albumin	increased level	albumin		Serum Albumin|Glycated Serum Albumin				diagnostic	Type 1 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1		Humans	serum		3220198	The values of glycated albumin in normal subjects (20.2 +/- 1.6%) were clearly less than those in diabetic patients [39.6 +/- 5.4% in 40 Type 1 (insulin-dependent) and 39.4 +/- 5.9% in 25 Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) patients].
glycated albumin	increased level	albumin		Serum Albumin|Glycated Serum Albumin				diagnostic	Type 2 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	serum		3220198	The values of glycated albumin in normal subjects (20.2 +/- 1.6%) were clearly less than those in diabetic patients [39.6 +/- 5.4% in 40 Type 1 (insulin-dependent) and 39.4 +/- 5.9% in 25 Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) patients].
sialylated mucin core 2	altered level				alpha2,3(O)sialyltransferase		beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase|ST3GAL1 protein, human		prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	LNCaP cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	16300412	We studied the acceptor specificities of three cloned sialyltransferases (STs) [alpha2,3(N)ST, alpha2,3(O)ST, and alpha2,6(N)ST] and another alpha2,3(O)ST present in prostate cancer cell LNCaP toward mucin core 2 tetrasaccharide [Galbeta1,4GlcNAcbeta1,6(Galbeta1,3)GalNAcalpha-O-Bn] and Globo [Galbeta1,3GalNAcbeta1,3Galalpha-O-Me] structures containing sialyl, fucosyl, sulfo, methyl, or fluoro substituents by identifying the products by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectral analysis and other biochemical methods.
glycosylated HCG	increased level	Chorionic Gonadotropin		Chorionic Gonadotropin				diagnostic	Down syndrome	Down Syndrome		Humans	serum		15961547	The current report describes a case-control study of serum invasive trophoblast antigen (ITA) and its possible inclusion in first-trimester screening for Down syndrome.
O-glycosylation	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					Lactation	Lactation		Humans	Milk, Human	Milk, Human	9312074	Lactation-associated MUC1 was isolated from human milk and partially deglycosylated by trifluoromethanesulfonic acid to the level of core GalNAc residues.
N-linked glycosylation	unaltered level	CD155		poliovirus receptor					tumor			Humans	tumor cells		38289706	The cluster of differentiation 155 (CD155) is highly expressed on tumor cells and augments or inhibits the cytotoxic activities of natural killer (NK) cells and T cells through its receptor ligands DNAX accessory molecule 1 (DNAM-1) and T-cell immunoglobulin (Ig) and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domain (TIGIT), respectively.
IgG galactosylation	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms		Humans		Humans	27364686	Distribution of IgG galactosylation as a promising biomarker for cancer screening in multiple cancer types.
Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi)	decreased level	Mac-2 binding protein		Galectin 3				monitoring	liver fibrosis		pegylated interferon plus ribavirin	Humans	serum		26638424	Moreover, the value of M2BPGi significantly decreased after the treatment with pegylated interferon plus ribavirin similarly to other liver fibrosis-related markers.
Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi)	decreased level	Mac-2 binding protein		Galectin 3				monitoring	chronic hepatitis C	Hepatitis C, Chronic	pegylated interferon plus ribavirin	Humans	serum		26638424	In addition, the value of M2BPGi in patients with SVR was significantly decreased after the anti-viral therapy (P < 0.0001).
carbohydrate-deficient transferrin	altered level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	alcohol consumption	Alcohol Drinking			serum		23690231	Measurement of an alcohol-induced shift in the serum transferrin glycosylation pattern, termed carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT), is used as a biomarker for sustained high alcohol consumption.
disialotransferrin	altered level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	alcohol consumption	Alcohol Drinking			serum		23690231	These samples instead showed slightly higher mean %disialotransferrin levels (1.21%) compared with low HbA1c (<44 mmol/mol) samples (mean 1.06%; P = 0.023), pointing at a higher alcohol consumption level in the former group.
Hemoglobin Glycosylation Index	unaltered level	Hemoglobin		Glycated Hemoglobin A				diagnostic|predictive	diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1		Humans	blood	Blood Glucose	12954152	This study has aimed to assess the relationship between HGI and blood glucose.
N-linked glycan	unaltered level	GP2		Viral Envelope Proteins					Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome	Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome		Swine		Swine	22537809	In this study, we showed that N-linked glycosylation of GP2 is not essential for virus viability and none of the individual glycosylation sites in GP3 has a vital effect on the production of infectious virus.
N-linked glycan	unaltered level	GP3		Viral Envelope Proteins					Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome	Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome		Swine		Swine	22537809	In this study, we showed that N-linked glycosylation of GP2 is not essential for virus viability and none of the individual glycosylation sites in GP3 has a vital effect on the production of infectious virus.
N-linked glycan	unaltered level	GP4		Viral Envelope Proteins					Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome	Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome		Swine		Swine	22537809	Moreover, mutations of single and double glycosylation sites in GP4 are not critically important for infectious virus recovery, triple and quadruple mutations are lethal.
N-glycosylation	altered level								Kashin-Beck disease	Kashin-Beck Disease		human	chondrocytes	Chondrocytes	37186116	The differential expressions of these N-glycosylation proteins may lead to the abnormal function of KBD chondrocytes.
α2,3-linked sialylation	altered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	high-grade prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Human	serum		34802050	Altered prostate-specific antigen (PSA) glycosylation patterns can be useful biomarkers in detecting high-grade prostate cancer (HGPC).
core-type fucosylation	altered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	high-grade prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Human	serum		34802050	Altered prostate-specific antigen (PSA) glycosylation patterns can be useful biomarkers in detecting high-grade prostate cancer (HGPC).
N-glycans	altered level	Dipeptidyl peptidase IV		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4								Rat	Chinese hamster ovary cells	CHO Cells	9210490	All three N-glycosylation mutants of DPPIV showed a reduced half-life, as well as differing degrees of inhibition of the processing of their N-glycans.
Tn antigen	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					Tumor-Associated	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					26118689	The structural features of MUC1-like glycopeptides bearing the Tn antigen (α-O-GalNAc-Ser/Thr) in complex with an anti MUC-1 antibody are reported at atomic resolution.
glycosylated PSA	unaltered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	prostate cancer tissues	Prostatic Neoplasms	21141837	Results of this study demonstrated that the relative abundance of glycosylated PSA isoforms were not correlated with total PSA protein levels measured in the same prostate cancer tissue samples by clinical immunoassay.
sialylated PSA	altered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	prostate cancer tissues	Prostatic Neoplasms	21141837	Furthermore, the sialylated PSA was differentially distributed in cancer and noncancer tissues.
GPI anchored proteins	increased level				GPI transamidase		GPI-Linked Proteins	diagnostic	human cancers	Neoplasms		human	plasma	Humans	24643042	Our data indicate that human cancers with previously documented elevations of GPI transamidase subunits show increased alpha toxin binding to plasma from patients with these cancers, indicating increased levels of GPI anchored proteins.
galactosylation	decreased level	IgG1|IgG2|IgG4		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				risk	poor metabolic health			human	plasma		28951559	For all subclasses, a low level of galactosylation and sialylation and a high degree of core fucosylation associated with poor metabolic health, i.e. increased inflammation as assessed by C-reactive protein, low serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high triglycerides, which are all known to indicate increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
sialylation	decreased level	IgG1|IgG2|IgG4		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				risk	poor metabolic health			human	plasma		28951559	For all subclasses, a low level of galactosylation and sialylation and a high degree of core fucosylation associated with poor metabolic health, i.e. increased inflammation as assessed by C-reactive protein, low serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high triglycerides, which are all known to indicate increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
core fucosylation	increased level	IgG1|IgG2|IgG4		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				risk	poor metabolic health			human	plasma		28951559	For all subclasses, a low level of galactosylation and sialylation and a high degree of core fucosylation associated with poor metabolic health, i.e. increased inflammation as assessed by C-reactive protein, low serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high triglycerides, which are all known to indicate increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
beta1 epitope	undetermined	human chorionic gonadotrophin		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human					cancer		anti-cancer vaccines	Humans			15072560	Anti-fertility and anti-cancer vaccines based upon hCG should ideally target only the hCG-specific epitopes.
beta6 epitope	undetermined	human chorionic gonadotrophin		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human					cancer		anti-cancer vaccines	Humans			15072560	Anti-fertility and anti-cancer vaccines based upon hCG should ideally target only the hCG-specific epitopes.
beta7 epitope	undetermined	human chorionic gonadotrophin		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human					cancer		anti-cancer vaccines	Humans			15072560	Anti-fertility and anti-cancer vaccines based upon hCG should ideally target only the hCG-specific epitopes.
N-linked glycosylation	unaltered level	Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4					immune functions|inflammatory functions|nervous functions|endocrine functions			Humans			14691230	Crystallographic and biochemical data demonstrate that N-linked glycosylation of DPPIV does not contribute significantly to its peptidase activity.
mucin-type O-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	CD52		CD52 Antigen|Cd52 protein, rat								rat	cauda epididymidal tissue|spermatozoa	Epididymis|Spermatozoa	11226070	Lectin binding and deglycosylation studies supported the contention that there is extensive mucin-type O-glycosylation of rat CD52.
core-fucosylation	altered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		30907281	Recently, changes in prostate-specific antigen glycosylation pattern, such as core-fucosylation, have been described in prostate cancer.
core-fucosylation	unaltered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	benign prostate hyperplasia	Prostatic Hyperplasia		Humans	serum		30907281	In addition, both non-standardized fuc-PSA and standardized %-fuc-PSA had no diagnostic value for differentiation of benign prostate hyperplasia from prostate cancer.
NGA2F	increased level	serum proteins		Biomarkers|Polysaccharides				diagnostic	NASH-related fibrosis			Humans	blood serum		19140676	We have found that the concentrations of two glycans (NGA2F and NA2) and their logarithm ratio of NGA2F versus NA2 (named GlycoNashTest) were associated with the degree of NASH-related fibrosis, but had no correlation with the grade of inflammation nor steatosis severity.
NA2	decreased level	serum proteins		Biomarkers|Polysaccharides				diagnostic	NASH-related fibrosis			Humans	blood serum		19140676	We have found that the concentrations of two glycans (NGA2F and NA2) and their logarithm ratio of NGA2F versus NA2 (named GlycoNashTest) were associated with the degree of NASH-related fibrosis, but had no correlation with the grade of inflammation nor steatosis severity.
sialylated glycans	altered level							diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	serum	Humans	38346531	Using partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), the approach was applied for nontarget screening and profiling of aberrant sialylated N-glycans in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
SG35	altered level							diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	serum	Humans	38346531	55 SGs were identified in human serum, and three important SGs (SG35, SG45, and SG46) were screened to have good diagnostic specificity for HCC.
SG45	altered level							diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	serum	Humans	38346531	55 SGs were identified in human serum, and three important SGs (SG35, SG45, and SG46) were screened to have good diagnostic specificity for HCC.
SG46	altered level							diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	serum	Humans	38346531	55 SGs were identified in human serum, and three important SGs (SG35, SG45, and SG46) were screened to have good diagnostic specificity for HCC.
N-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	adipocyte plasma membrane-associated protein							increased production of thyroid hormones			Humans			25628020	Notably, the Asn-76 of thyroglobulin might be involved in the increased production of thyroid hormones in humans, especially thyroxine (T4), because the removal of the glycan moiety from this site was reported to result in a significant decrease in T4 production.
N-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	cluster of differentiation 166		ALCAM protein, human|Antigens, CD					increased production of thyroid hormones			Humans			25628020	Notably, the Asn-76 of thyroglobulin might be involved in the increased production of thyroid hormones in humans, especially thyroxine (T4), because the removal of the glycan moiety from this site was reported to result in a significant decrease in T4 production.
N-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	thyroglobulin		Thyroglobulin					increased production of thyroid hormones			Humans			25628020	Notably, the Asn-76 of thyroglobulin might be involved in the increased production of thyroid hormones in humans, especially thyroxine (T4), because the removal of the glycan moiety from this site was reported to result in a significant decrease in T4 production.
sialic acid residues	increased level	58 kDa glycoprotein		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic	Liver Neoplasms	Liver Neoplasms		Mus musculus	liver cells	Hepatocytes	15881669	Swiss albino mice showed an enhanced expression of an approximately 58 kDa glycoprotein in liver cells upon exposure to a potential hepatocarcinogen N-nitrosodibutylamine (DBN).
complex N-linked glycans with sialic acid chains	altered level	CDCP1		CDCP1 protein, human				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	urine		26497208	Employing immunoaffinity mass spectrometry, we detected elevated levels of circulating CDCP1 in patient urine with high-risk disease.
CD31 antigen	altered level	CD31		Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1					naive T cells			Humans	lymphocytes	Lymphocyte Subsets	1723542	mAb 5A2.G5 displayed weaker binding to all lymphoid cell types, indicating that the pattern of glycosylation of the CD31 antigen differs between lymphocytes (of all types) and cells of the myeloid lineages.
CD31 antigen	altered level	CD31		Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1					memory T cells			Humans	lymphocytes	Lymphocyte Subsets	1723542	mAb 5A2.G5 displayed weaker binding to all lymphoid cell types, indicating that the pattern of glycosylation of the CD31 antigen differs between lymphocytes (of all types) and cells of the myeloid lineages.
plasma glycomic	altered level							predictive	HIV	HIV Infections	antiretroviral therapy (ART) interruption	Humans	plasma		34188039	Here we report plasma glycomic and metabolic signatures of time-to-viral-rebound and probability-of-viral-remission using samples from two independent cohorts.
glycosylated AFP	altered level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	serum		25310463	To improve the efficacy of AFP as HCC diagnostic marker, we developed a method of measuring total and glycosylated AFP by multiple reaction monitoring (MRM)-MS.
HNK-1 sulfated carbohydrate epitope	undetermined	Heat-stable antigen (HSA/mouse CD24)		CD24 Antigen|Cd24a protein, mouse								mouse	brain	Brain	9048906	Here we show that the brain HSA is associated with N- and O-linked oligosaccharide moieties and decorated with the HNK-1 sulfated carbohydrate epitope.
Sialyl Lewis X	undetermined								Selectin recognition	Selectins					8737249	Sialyl Lewis X ganglioside analogues containing 4-deoxy-, 6-deoxy-, and 4,6-dideoxy-D-galactopyranose in place of D-galactopyranose have been synthesized.
Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer	increased level	Mac-2-binding protein		LGALS3BP protein, human				predictive	portal hypertension	Hypertension, Portal		human	plasma		34648567	Plasma M2BPGi levels positively correlated with HVPG and higher serum M2BPGi levels might have a potential role in predicting development of bacterial infection for cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension.
Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer	increased level	Mac-2-binding protein		LGALS3BP protein, human				predictive	bacterial infection	Bacterial Infections		human	plasma		34648567	Interestingly, M2BPGi ≥ 6 C.O.I was a potential predictor of bacterial infection within five years [Hazar ratio (HR) = 4.51, p = 0.003].
N-glycosylation	unaltered level	MUC16		MUC16 protein, human					ovarian cancer			CHO cells	CHO cells	CHO Cells	24850311	We present a complete analysis of N- and O-glycosylation sites of a MUC16 TR expressed in CHO cells and demonstrate that neither N- nor O-glycosylation appear to substantially influence binding of OC125 and M11 mAbs.
O-glycosylation	unaltered level	MUC16		MUC16 protein, human					ovarian cancer			CHO cells	CHO cells	CHO Cells	24850311	We present a complete analysis of N- and O-glycosylation sites of a MUC16 TR expressed in CHO cells and demonstrate that neither N- nor O-glycosylation appear to substantially influence binding of OC125 and M11 mAbs.
MUC1 glycosylation	altered level	Mucin-1		Mucin-1					cancer			Cricetulus	CHO Cells	CHO Cells	24606112	In specific cancer cells, the overexpressed MUC1 protein typically shows an aberrant apical distribution and glycosylation.
sialylated O-linked sugar chains	loss of structure	CD99		Cd99 protein, mouse	core 2 beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		immune response regulation			mouse	lymphocytes		18209065	We herein report that sialylated O-linked sugar chains on CD99 are essential for the recognition by PILR.
MUC1 glycoform	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	Infertility	Infertility, Female		Humans	endometrium	Endometrium	15971251	We also showed that failure of embryo implantation was associated with an abnormal endometrial expression of MUC1 mucin, and retention of nuclear progesterone receptor (PR) particularly in epithelial cells.
N-glycosylation	unaltered level	B7-1		B7-1 Antigen					T cell activation		recombinant bacterial B7-1 derivatives	human	K562 transfectants	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9654121	Taken together, these data indicate that the N-glycosylation of B7-1 is not required for its association with counter-receptors.
truncated glycosylation	acquisition of structure	Mucin 1		Mucin-1				response	cancer		therapeutic antibody	Humans	cancer cells		28025250	In cancer cells, the glycoprotein Mucin 1 (MUC1) undergoes abnormal, truncated glycosylation.
N-glycosylated 13 kDa peptide	acquisition of structure	CD9		Membrane Glycoproteins|Tetraspanin 29											3058210	gp24 produced a similar pattern with the exception that the 11 kDa peptide was replaced by an N-glycosylated 13 kDa peptide.
α1,3-mannosylation	increased level	urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR)		Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator	α1,3-mannosyltransferase 3 (ALG3)		Mannosyltransferases|ALG3 protein, human	diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	ovarian cancer tissues	Ovarian Neoplasms	36231102	The results showed that the level of ALG3/α1,3-mannosylation was higher in human ovarian cancer tissues compared with normal ovarian tissues, as measured by Lectin chip, Western blot and Lectin blot analyses, as well as ovarian tissue microarray analysis.
CD34	altered level	CD34		Antigens, CD34					hematopoiesis	Hematopoiesis		mouse	embryonic blood vessels		9310481	Levels of expression in embryonic blood vessels were correlated with the mode of vessel formation, being high in pre-endothelial cells and in vessels forming by vasculogenesis (particularly the dorsal aortae) or angiogenesis, but low in vessels forming by coalescence (the cardinal veins).
core-2 O-glycans	decreased level	sialyl Lewis x			Gcnt1		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase		tuberculosis	Tuberculosis		mice|human	lung		32203062	We show that deficiency in the glucosaminyl (N-acetyl) transferase 1 (Gcnt1), a key enzyme for core-2 O-glycans biosynthesis, drives susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.
glycome	altered level							diagnostic	frontotemporal dementia	Frontotemporal Dementia		Humans	serum		34539672	The majority of these proteins were enriched for glycoprotein-associated proteins and pathways, suggesting that the glycome is targeted in bvFTD with autoimmune disease.
glycome	altered level							diagnostic	autoimmune disease	Autoimmune Diseases		Humans	serum		34539672	The majority of these proteins were enriched for glycoprotein-associated proteins and pathways, suggesting that the glycome is targeted in bvFTD with autoimmune disease.
glycosylation	undetermined														19241032	Glycosylation of proteins is one of the most common posttranslational modifications which has its bearing on function and biological activity.
N-linked sugars	altered level	Membrane Cofactor Protein		Membrane Cofactor Protein					infertility			Human	spermatozoa	Spermatozoa	12112588	Specifically, as the spermatozoa mature, but before they reach the epididymis, the three N-linked sugars of MCP are trimmed to less complex structures.
monosialylated AFP	increased level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins	sialyltransferase		Sialyltransferases	diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		12089170	Both the serum concentration and percentage of msAFP are potential diagnostic markers for HCC with nondiagnostic AFP.
monosialylated AFP	unaltered level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins	sialyltransferase		Sialyltransferases		liver cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		12089170	Both assays were used to measure msAFP and msAFP percentage relative to total AFP in sera with nondiagnostic AFP concentrations from 36 patients with newly diagnosed HCC and from 18 patients with liver cirrhosis.
glycosylation	altered level	CD2		CD2 Antigens											8097313	Expression of soluble recombinant glycoproteins with predefined glycosylation: application to the crystallization of the T-cell glycoprotein CD2.
asparagine-linked carbohydrate structures	altered level	Carcinoembryonic Antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen					tumorigenesis			Chinese hamster	CHO mutant cells	CHO Cells	10626907	CEA is heavily glycosylated with 28 consensus sites for the addition of asparagine-linked carbohydrate structures, leading to a molecule with a bottle brush-like structure.
N-glycosylation	altered level	interferon gamma receptors		Receptors, Interferon											8672294	The eukaryotic proteins showed heterogeneity because of the unequal cleavage of the signal peptide and because of differences in glycosylation.
O-linked oligosaccharides with the core-2 structure	acquisition of structure	CD8 glycoprotein		CD8 Antigens								rat	epithelial cells	Cell Line	1460019	The biosynthesis of human CD8 glycoprotein in transfected rat epithelial cells produces an unglycosylated precursor, an intermediate species only initially O-glycosylated, and a doublet mature form carrying neutral and sialylated O-linked oligosaccharides with the core-2 structure.
N-linked glycosylation	unaltered level	CD4		CD4 Antigens					HIV			Human	immune system cells		2318210	CD4 also acts as the receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) by binding to the viral glycoprotein gp120.
Siaα2,6Galβ1,4GlcNAc	increased level				ST6GAL1		ST6GAL1 protein, human	diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		human	colon cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	31317190	Although ST6GAL1/Sia6LacNAc are often overexpressed in colorectal cancer (CRC), their biological and clinical significance remains unclear.
core 2-type O-glycans	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					cancer	Neoplasms		human	epithelial cell	Humans	23259747	Systematic nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) study revealed that sialylation of the MUC1 tandem repeating glycopeptide, Pro-Pro-Ala-His-Gly-Val-Thr-Ser-Ala-Pro-Asp-Thr-Arg-Pro-Ala-Pro-Gly-Ser-Thr-Ala with core 2-type O-glycans at five potential glycosylation sites, afforded a specific conformational change at one of the most important cancer-relevant epitopes (Pro-Asp-Thr-Arg).
fucose-α(1-2)-galactose	altered level							diagnostic	tumorigenesis				cells		22339094	We demonstrate that the approach is highly selective for the Fucα(1-2)Gal motif, detects a variety of complex glycans and glycoproteins, and can be used to profile the relative abundance of the motif on live cells, discriminating malignant from normal cells.
fucose-α(1-2)-galactose	altered level							diagnostic	asthma				cells		22339094	The disaccharide motif fucose-α(1-2)-galactose (Fucα(1-2)Gal) is involved in many important physiological processes, such as learning and memory, inflammation, asthma, and tumorigenesis.
α-galactose	acquisition of structure	protein vaccine candidate		Proteins											31776339	We use selected pathways to synthesize a protein vaccine candidate with an α-galactose adjuvant motif in a one-pot cell-free system and human antibody constant regions with minimal sialic acid motifs in glycoengineered Escherichia coli.
sialic acid	decreased level	human antibody constant regions		Proteins								Escherichia coli		Escherichia coli	31776339	We use selected pathways to synthesize a protein vaccine candidate with an α-galactose adjuvant motif in a one-pot cell-free system and human antibody constant regions with minimal sialic acid motifs in glycoengineered Escherichia coli.
N-linked glycan	loss of structure	alpha-fetoprotein		AFP protein, human|alpha-Fetoproteins				response	autoimmune diseases			Saccharomyces cerevisiae	yeast strain	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	22561245	Elimination of the glycosylation by mutation reduced rhAFP(0) secretion about threefold as compared to the wild-type protein showing critical role of the N-linked glycan for heterologous protein folding and secretion.
N-linked glycan	loss of structure	alpha-fetoprotein		AFP protein, human|alpha-Fetoproteins				response	cancer			Saccharomyces cerevisiae	yeast strain	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	22561245	Elimination of the glycosylation by mutation reduced rhAFP(0) secretion about threefold as compared to the wild-type protein showing critical role of the N-linked glycan for heterologous protein folding and secretion.
N-linked glycan	loss of structure	alpha-fetoprotein		AFP protein, human|alpha-Fetoproteins				response	regenerative medicine			Saccharomyces cerevisiae	yeast strain	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	22561245	Elimination of the glycosylation by mutation reduced rhAFP(0) secretion about threefold as compared to the wild-type protein showing critical role of the N-linked glycan for heterologous protein folding and secretion.
cyanins	increased level											Arabidopsis thaliana	rosette leaves	Plant Leaves	20309578	In addition, in the same growth condition, rosette leaves of pap1-D plants produced much higher levels and more diverse molecular profiling of cyanins than those of WT plants.
glycan-free	unaltered level	CD58		CD58 Antigens								Humans			10357807	A general strategy is presented here for producing glycan-free forms of glycoproteins without loss of function by employing apolar-to-polar mutations of surface residues in functionally irrelevant epitopes.
sialyl-Lewis x	increased level				beta3GnT5		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|lactosylceramide 1,3-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyltransferase		gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	gastric epithelium		18483624	Sialyl-Lewis x expression in the gastric epithelium is induced during persistent H. pylori infection, suggesting that H. pylori modulates host cell glycosylation patterns for enhanced adhesion.
Tk polyagglutination antigen	altered level							diagnostic|predictive	colorectal carcinoma	Colorectal Neoplasms	immunotherapy	human	carcinoma cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	11034094	Taken together, the results indicate that Tk polyagglutination antigen is a new colorectal carcinoma-associated antigen, absent from the normal cell surface, resulting from alteration of O-glycans biosynthesis and with potential as a target of immunotherapy.
N-glycans	increased level							diagnostic|predictive	Diabetic kidney disease	Diabetic Nephropathies		Humans	urine		35934376	Compared to healthy controls, 3 N-glycans were up-regulated and 14 N-glycans were down-regulated in DKD patients.
N-glycans	decreased level							diagnostic|predictive	Diabetic kidney disease	Diabetic Nephropathies		Humans	urine		35934376	Compared to healthy controls, 3 N-glycans were up-regulated and 14 N-glycans were down-regulated in DKD patients.
sialoglycoprotein	undetermined	gp114		Membrane Glycoproteins					epithelial polarity	Cell Polarity		canine	MDCK cells	Epithelial Cells	16533391	Gp114 has been characterized previously regarding glycosylation dependent trafficking and lipid raft association.
sialoglycoprotein	undetermined	p58		Membrane Glycoproteins					epithelial polarity	Cell Polarity		canine	MDCK cells	Epithelial Cells	16533391	In addition, the p58 basolateral marker glycoprotein was found to be the beta subunit of (Na+)(K+)-ATPase.
GPI anchor	loss of structure	T-cell receptor		Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell	dolichyl-phosphate beta-D-mannosyltransferase		dolichyl-phosphate beta-D-mannosyltransferase		T-cell activation defect		yeast Dol-P-Man synthase gene transfection	human	T-cell hybridoma	Hybridomas	1835975	The second mutant is able to synthesize the first two GPI precursors, but is not able to add mannose residues to them due to a deficiency in dolichol-phosphate-mannose (Dol-P-Man) biosynthesis.
N-linked oligosaccharide	altered level	T-cell receptor		Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell	dolichyl-phosphate beta-D-mannosyltransferase		dolichyl-phosphate beta-D-mannosyltransferase		T-cell activation defect		yeast Dol-P-Man synthase gene transfection	human	T-cell hybridoma	Hybridomas	1835975	Reconstitution of activation defects correlates well with the status of N-linked glycosylation, but not with the expression of GPI-anchored proteins.
O-linked sugars	acquisition of structure	CD45		Leukocyte Common Antigens					T cell maturation	Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte		Humans	K-562 erythroleukemic cell line		1702721	Epitopes defining the T cell maturation related CD45R0 and CD45RB antigen specificities were present on the mature 180- and 190-kDa K-562 CD45 proteins, respectively.
N-linked complex carbohydrates	loss of structure	CD45		Leukocyte Common Antigens					T cell maturation	Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte		Humans	K-562 erythroleukemic cell line		1702721	The contribution of oligosaccharides to the biochemical composition and antigen heterogeneity of the phosphotyrosine phosphatase CD45 glycoproteins has been studied on the K-562 erythroleukemic cell line.
N-linked glycosylation	loss of structure	ecto-apyrase		Apyrase|ectoATPase					loss of ATP and ADP hydrolyzing activity			Humans	COS cells	COS Cells	9931016	The ecto-apyrase was also expressed in the presence of tunicamycin, which completely prevented N-linked glycosylation, resulting in a nonglycosylated core protein devoid of ATP and ADP hydrolyzing activity.
N-linked glycosylation	loss of structure	CD39		CD39 antigen					loss of ATP and ADP hydrolyzing activity			Humans	COS cells	COS Cells	9931016	Similar results were obtained with another human ecto-apyrase, CD39, suggesting that the importance of glycosylation may be generalized to all membrane-bound E-type ATPases.
anti-glycan antibody	undetermined							diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	serum	Humans	29343722	We demonstrate the utility of this platform by the analyses of natural anti-glycan IgM and IgG antibodies in 961 human serum samples and the discovery of anti-glycan antibody biomarkers for ovarian cancer.
oligosaccharide chains	increased level	alpha 1-protease inhibitor|ceruloplasmin|alpha-fetoprotein		alpha 1-Antitrypsin|Ceruloplasmin|alpha-Fetoproteins					Carcinoma, Hepatocellular	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	Hep 3B cells	Cell Line	2470133	Hep 3B cells, when incubated with the cytokine interferon beta 2/B-cell stimulating factor 2/interleukin 6, secreted forms of alpha 1-protease inhibitor, ceruloplasmin, and alpha-fetoprotein with increased reactivity with concanavalin A (Con A) while incubation of Hep G2 cells with this cytokine led to secretion of forms of these proteins with decreased reactivity with Con A, reflecting changes in their oligosaccharide chains.
oligosaccharide chains	decreased level	alpha 1-protease inhibitor|ceruloplasmin|alpha-fetoprotein		alpha 1-Antitrypsin|Ceruloplasmin|alpha-Fetoproteins					Carcinoma, Hepatocellular	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	Hep G2 cells	Cell Line	2470133	Hep 3B cells, when incubated with the cytokine interferon beta 2/B-cell stimulating factor 2/interleukin 6, secreted forms of alpha 1-protease inhibitor, ceruloplasmin, and alpha-fetoprotein with increased reactivity with concanavalin A (Con A) while incubation of Hep G2 cells with this cytokine led to secretion of forms of these proteins with decreased reactivity with Con A, reflecting changes in their oligosaccharide chains.
Glycogen	altered level								Insulin Resistance	Insulin Resistance		Mouse|Human	Muscle Cells	Muscle Cells	22006247	Glycogen synthesis was assessed by [¹⁴C]glucose incorporation.
sulfated glycan (Galβ1-3[SO3-GlcNAcβ1-6]GalNAc)	increased level	mucins		Polysaccharides				diagnostic	low fertility		exogenous hormones for synchronization	sheep	cervical mucus	Cervix Mucus	34379775	There was a higher abundance of the sulfated glycan (Galβ1-3[SO3-GlcNAcβ1-6]GalNAc), fucosylated glycan (GlcNAcβ1-3(Fucα1-2Galβ1-3)GalNAc) and core 4 glycan (GlcNAcβ1-3[GlcNAcβ1-6]GalNAc) in the low-fertility Suffolk breed compared with NWS (high fertility).
fucosylated glycan (GlcNAcβ1-3(Fucα1-2Galβ1-3)GalNAc)	increased level	mucins		Polysaccharides				diagnostic	low fertility		exogenous hormones for synchronization	sheep	cervical mucus	Cervix Mucus	34379775	There was a higher abundance of the sulfated glycan (Galβ1-3[SO3-GlcNAcβ1-6]GalNAc), fucosylated glycan (GlcNAcβ1-3(Fucα1-2Galβ1-3)GalNAc) and core 4 glycan (GlcNAcβ1-3[GlcNAcβ1-6]GalNAc) in the low-fertility Suffolk breed compared with NWS (high fertility).
core 4 glycan (GlcNAcβ1-3[GlcNAcβ1-6]GalNAc)	increased level	mucins		Polysaccharides				diagnostic	low fertility		exogenous hormones for synchronization	sheep	cervical mucus	Cervix Mucus	34379775	There was a higher abundance of the sulfated glycan (Galβ1-3[SO3-GlcNAcβ1-6]GalNAc), fucosylated glycan (GlcNAcβ1-3(Fucα1-2Galβ1-3)GalNAc) and core 4 glycan (GlcNAcβ1-3[GlcNAcβ1-6]GalNAc) in the low-fertility Suffolk breed compared with NWS (high fertility).
advanced glycation end products	increased level							response	diabetic complications	Diabetes Complications	gemigliptin	mouse	serum		25448307	Elevated serum levels of AGEs in db/db mice were suppressed by the administration of gemigliptin.
α2-6 sialylation	decreased level				ST6GAL1		Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human	risk	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive		Human	bronchial epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	34290711	Furthermore, exposure to cigarette smoke medium/extract (CSE) or BACE1 inhibition resulted in decreased ST6GAL1 secretion, reduced α2-6 sialylation, and increased IL-6 production in HBECs.
ST6GAL1	decreased level				ST6GAL1		Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human	risk	Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive		Human	bronchial epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	34290711	Furthermore, exposure to cigarette smoke medium/extract (CSE) or BACE1 inhibition resulted in decreased ST6GAL1 secretion, reduced α2-6 sialylation, and increased IL-6 production in HBECs.
sialylated IgG-Fc	decreased level	IgG-Fc		Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments				monitoring	chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy	Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating		Humans	serum		25814494	Sialylation and galactosylation of IgG-Fc were significantly reduced in patients with CIDP than normal control subjects (p=0.003 and 0.033, respectively), whereas agalactosylation was increased in CIDP (p=0.21).
sialylated IgG-Fc	increased level	IgG-Fc		Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments				monitoring	chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy	Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating	intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)	Humans	serum		25814494	After IVIG treatment, levels of sialylated IgG-Fc significantly increased (p=0.003).
methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone (MG-H1)	decreased level								type 2 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2	Irbesartan	Humans	urine		21384133	Treatment with Irbesartan decreased urinary excretion of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs)--methylglyoxal- and glyoxal-derived hydroimidazolones, MG-H1 and G-H1.
glyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone (G-H1)	decreased level								type 2 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2	Irbesartan	Humans	urine		21384133	Treatment with Irbesartan decreased urinary excretion of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs)--methylglyoxal- and glyoxal-derived hydroimidazolones, MG-H1 and G-H1.
Tn antigen	increased level	MUC6		MUC6 protein, human|Mucin-6	ppGalNAc-T				breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	MCF-7 breast cancer cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	16140958	Our hypothesis is supported by experiments in vivo showing that (a) native MUC6 glycoproteins express the Tn antigen in MCF-7 cells and (b) Tn antigen expression is increased after transfection with a construct encoding for a MUC6 recombinant protein into the low Tn-expressing breast cancer cell T47D.
siglec-7 ligands	increased level								Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma	Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma		Humans	T-ALL blasts		22585296	While pediatric T-ALL blasts highly expressed siglec-7 ligands, siglec-7 ligands were barely detectable on cALL blasts.
siglec-7 ligands	decreased level								Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma	Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma		Humans	cALL blasts		22585296	While pediatric T-ALL blasts highly expressed siglec-7 ligands, siglec-7 ligands were barely detectable on cALL blasts.
Tn antigen	increased level				polypeptide N-acetylgalactosamine-transferases		Glycosyltransferases	diagnostic	malignant breast tumors	Neoplasms		Humans	breast tumors		23912186	Here we show that Golgi-to-endoplasmic reticulum relocation of polypeptide N-acetylgalactosamine-transferases (GalNAc-Ts) drives high Tn levels in cancer cell lines and in 70% of malignant breast tumors.
Tn antigen	increased level				polypeptide N-acetylgalactosamine-transferases		Glycosyltransferases	diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	cancer cell lines	Cell Line	23912186	Here we show that Golgi-to-endoplasmic reticulum relocation of polypeptide N-acetylgalactosamine-transferases (GalNAc-Ts) drives high Tn levels in cancer cell lines and in 70% of malignant breast tumors.
N-glycan	altered level	endolyn		Endolyn								Dogs	MDCK cells	Cell Line	11707397	Interestingly, surface polarity of endolyn was independent of O-glycosylation processing, but was reversed by disruption of N-glycosylation using tunicamycin.
glycosylation	altered level				glycosyltransferases		Glycosyltransferases	diagnostic|predictive	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) treatment	Humans	tumor		36189319	Aberrant glycosylation, a post-translational modification of proteins, is regarded to engage in tumorigenesis and malignant progression of breast cancer (BC).
oligomannose and hybrid type glycans	increased level	sCD4		CD4 Antigens								Rat	CHO cells	CHO Cells	7904345	The presence of identical oligosaccharides at the conserved glycosylation site in domain 3 of rat and human sCD4 and the greater abundance of oligomannose and hybrid type glycans at the non-conserved glycosylation site of rat sCD4 clearly indicate that the protein structure influences oligosaccharide processing.
sulfated and α2-3- linked sialic acid glycoconjugates	increased level							prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	tumor		25081672	AAL specific glycoconjugate expression was significantly higher in tumor than corresponding normal tissues (66.1% and 46.1%, respectively, p=0.037), correlating with depth of invasion (p=0.015) and TNM stage (p=0.024).
sulfated and sialyl TF (Thomsen-Friedenreich) disaccharide	increased level							prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	tumor		25081672	AAL specific glycoconjugate expression was significantly higher in tumor than corresponding normal tissues (66.1% and 46.1%, respectively, p=0.037), correlating with depth of invasion (p=0.015) and TNM stage (p=0.024).
glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI)	loss of structure	CD14		Antigens, CD					endotoxin shock	Shock, Septic	soluble CD14	human	blood		7515917	We find that the recombinant protein is not only expressed on the surface of the insect cells as a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein, but is also released into the culture medium as a soluble form that lacks the GPI anchor.
high-mannose N-glycans	undetermined	HIV-1 Env trimer		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV Infections	HIV Infections		Humans			27617431	Variability in high-mannose and complex-type Env glycoforms leads to heterogeneity that usually precludes visualization of the native glycan shield.
complex-type N-glycans	undetermined	HIV-1 Env trimer		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV Infections	HIV Infections		Humans			27617431	Variability in high-mannose and complex-type Env glycoforms leads to heterogeneity that usually precludes visualization of the native glycan shield.
O-linked TF carbohydrate motifs	altered level	desmoglein-1		DSG1 protein, human|Desmoglein 1				response	pemphigus foliaceus	Pemphigus	jacalin	mice	epidermis	Epidermis	20631728	Collectively, these results suggest that the binding of jacalin to O-linked TF carbohydrate motifs on Dsg1 impairs the Dsg1/PF autoantibody interactions and abrogates its pathogenicity in vivo.
O-glycans	decreased level	CD43	SPN	Leukosialin|SPN protein, human					HIV-1 infection	HIV-1		human	CEM cell line	Cell Line	7964449	Hyposialylation of O-glycans and changed substitution on N-acetylgalactosamine residues are observed.
N-acetylgalactosamine residues	altered level	CD43	SPN	Leukosialin|SPN protein, human					HIV-1 infection	HIV-1		human	CEM cell line	Cell Line	7964449	Hyposialylation of O-glycans and changed substitution on N-acetylgalactosamine residues are observed.
N-glycans	loss of structure	MUC2		MUC2 protein, human|Mucin-2								Humans	colon cell line LS 174T	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9668061	This suggests that N-glycans of MUC2 are necessary for the correct folding and dimerization of the MUC2 mucin.
N-glycan sialylation	increased level	IgA		Immunoglobulin A				response	Breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Mice	BT-474 breast cancer xenograft model	Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays	26440530	Multiple dosing and sialylation of the IgA antibodies compensated for the short in vivo half-life of native IgA antibodies in mice compared to a single dose of IgG1.
high-mannose type N-glycan species	loss of structure	IgA2m2		Immunoglobulin A				response	Breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Mice	BT-474 breast cancer xenograft model	Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays	26440530	The polymerization propensity of anti-HER2 IgA2m2 could be suppressed by an 18-aa deletion of the heavy chain tailpiece - coinciding with the loss of high-mannose type N-glycan species - as well as by 2 cysteine to serine mutations at positions 320 and 480.
High branching (HB)	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	type II diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	Blood plasma		30365935	High branching (HB) [W = 46328; q = 0.00072], tri-galactosylated (G3) [W = 44076; q = 0.00096], antennary fucosylated (FUC_A) [W = 43055; q = 0.0000763], and triantennary (TRIA) [W = 44624; q = 0.0025], N-glycan structures were increased in T2DM whereas low branching (LB) [W = 46328; q = 0.00072], non-sialylated (S0) [W = 46929; q = 0.00292], monogalactosylation (G1) [W = 44091; q = 0.0000763], core fucosylation (FUC_C), [W = 46497; q = 0.00096], biantennary galactosylation (A2G) [W = 45663; q = 0.000763], and biantennary (BA) [W = 46376; q = 0.00072], structures were decreased compared to controls.
tri-galactosylated (G3)	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	type II diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	Blood plasma		30365935	High branching (HB) [W = 46328; q = 0.00072], tri-galactosylated (G3) [W = 44076; q = 0.00096], antennary fucosylated (FUC_A) [W = 43055; q = 0.0000763], and triantennary (TRIA) [W = 44624; q = 0.0025], N-glycan structures were increased in T2DM whereas low branching (LB) [W = 46328; q = 0.00072], non-sialylated (S0) [W = 46929; q = 0.00292], monogalactosylation (G1) [W = 44091; q = 0.0000763], core fucosylation (FUC_C), [W = 46497; q = 0.00096], biantennary galactosylation (A2G) [W = 45663; q = 0.000763], and biantennary (BA) [W = 46376; q = 0.00072], structures were decreased compared to controls.
antennary fucosylated (FUC_A)	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	type II diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	Blood plasma		30365935	High branching (HB) [W = 46328; q = 0.00072], tri-galactosylated (G3) [W = 44076; q = 0.00096], antennary fucosylated (FUC_A) [W = 43055; q = 0.0000763], and triantennary (TRIA) [W = 44624; q = 0.0025], N-glycan structures were increased in T2DM whereas low branching (LB) [W = 46328; q = 0.00072], non-sialylated (S0) [W = 46929; q = 0.00292], monogalactosylation (G1) [W = 44091; q = 0.0000763], core fucosylation (FUC_C), [W = 46497; q = 0.00096], biantennary galactosylation (A2G) [W = 45663; q = 0.000763], and biantennary (BA) [W = 46376; q = 0.00072], structures were decreased compared to controls.
triantennary (TRIA)	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	type II diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	Blood plasma		30365935	High branching (HB) [W = 46328; q = 0.00072], tri-galactosylated (G3) [W = 44076; q = 0.00096], antennary fucosylated (FUC_A) [W = 43055; q = 0.0000763], and triantennary (TRIA) [W = 44624; q = 0.0025], N-glycan structures were increased in T2DM whereas low branching (LB) [W = 46328; q = 0.00072], non-sialylated (S0) [W = 46929; q = 0.00292], monogalactosylation (G1) [W = 44091; q = 0.0000763], core fucosylation (FUC_C), [W = 46497; q = 0.00096], biantennary galactosylation (A2G) [W = 45663; q = 0.000763], and biantennary (BA) [W = 46376; q = 0.00072], structures were decreased compared to controls.
low branching (LB)	decreased level							diagnostic|prognostic	type II diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	Blood plasma		30365935	High branching (HB) [W = 46328; q = 0.00072], tri-galactosylated (G3) [W = 44076; q = 0.00096], antennary fucosylated (FUC_A) [W = 43055; q = 0.0000763], and triantennary (TRIA) [W = 44624; q = 0.0025], N-glycan structures were increased in T2DM whereas low branching (LB) [W = 46328; q = 0.00072], non-sialylated (S0) [W = 46929; q = 0.00292], monogalactosylation (G1) [W = 44091; q = 0.0000763], core fucosylation (FUC_C), [W = 46497; q = 0.00096], biantennary galactosylation (A2G) [W = 45663; q = 0.000763], and biantennary (BA) [W = 46376; q = 0.00072], structures were decreased compared to controls.
non-sialylated (S0)	decreased level							diagnostic|prognostic	type II diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	Blood plasma		30365935	High branching (HB) [W = 46328; q = 0.00072], tri-galactosylated (G3) [W = 44076; q = 0.00096], antennary fucosylated (FUC_A) [W = 43055; q = 0.0000763], and triantennary (TRIA) [W = 44624; q = 0.0025], N-glycan structures were increased in T2DM whereas low branching (LB) [W = 46328; q = 0.00072], non-sialylated (S0) [W = 46929; q = 0.00292], monogalactosylation (G1) [W = 44091; q = 0.0000763], core fucosylation (FUC_C), [W = 46497; q = 0.00096], biantennary galactosylation (A2G) [W = 45663; q = 0.000763], and biantennary (BA) [W = 46376; q = 0.00072], structures were decreased compared to controls.
monogalactosylation (G1)	decreased level							diagnostic|prognostic	type II diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	Blood plasma		30365935	High branching (HB) [W = 46328; q = 0.00072], tri-galactosylated (G3) [W = 44076; q = 0.00096], antennary fucosylated (FUC_A) [W = 43055; q = 0.0000763], and triantennary (TRIA) [W = 44624; q = 0.0025], N-glycan structures were increased in T2DM whereas low branching (LB) [W = 46328; q = 0.00072], non-sialylated (S0) [W = 46929; q = 0.00292], monogalactosylation (G1) [W = 44091; q = 0.0000763], core fucosylation (FUC_C), [W = 46497; q = 0.00096], biantennary galactosylation (A2G) [W = 45663; q = 0.000763], and biantennary (BA) [W = 46376; q = 0.00072], structures were decreased compared to controls.
core fucosylation (FUC_C)	decreased level							diagnostic|prognostic	type II diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	Blood plasma		30365935	High branching (HB) [W = 46328; q = 0.00072], tri-galactosylated (G3) [W = 44076; q = 0.00096], antennary fucosylated (FUC_A) [W = 43055; q = 0.0000763], and triantennary (TRIA) [W = 44624; q = 0.0025], N-glycan structures were increased in T2DM whereas low branching (LB) [W = 46328; q = 0.00072], non-sialylated (S0) [W = 46929; q = 0.00292], monogalactosylation (G1) [W = 44091; q = 0.0000763], core fucosylation (FUC_C), [W = 46497; q = 0.00096], biantennary galactosylation (A2G) [W = 45663; q = 0.000763], and biantennary (BA) [W = 46376; q = 0.00072], structures were decreased compared to controls.
biantennary galactosylation (A2G)	decreased level							diagnostic|prognostic	type II diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	Blood plasma		30365935	High branching (HB) [W = 46328; q = 0.00072], tri-galactosylated (G3) [W = 44076; q = 0.00096], antennary fucosylated (FUC_A) [W = 43055; q = 0.0000763], and triantennary (TRIA) [W = 44624; q = 0.0025], N-glycan structures were increased in T2DM whereas low branching (LB) [W = 46328; q = 0.00072], non-sialylated (S0) [W = 46929; q = 0.00292], monogalactosylation (G1) [W = 44091; q = 0.0000763], core fucosylation (FUC_C), [W = 46497; q = 0.00096], biantennary galactosylation (A2G) [W = 45663; q = 0.000763], and biantennary (BA) [W = 46376; q = 0.00072], structures were decreased compared to controls.
biantennary (BA)	decreased level							diagnostic|prognostic	type II diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	Blood plasma		30365935	High branching (HB) [W = 46328; q = 0.00072], tri-galactosylated (G3) [W = 44076; q = 0.00096], antennary fucosylated (FUC_A) [W = 43055; q = 0.0000763], and triantennary (TRIA) [W = 44624; q = 0.0025], N-glycan structures were increased in T2DM whereas low branching (LB) [W = 46328; q = 0.00072], non-sialylated (S0) [W = 46929; q = 0.00292], monogalactosylation (G1) [W = 44091; q = 0.0000763], core fucosylation (FUC_C), [W = 46497; q = 0.00096], biantennary galactosylation (A2G) [W = 45663; q = 0.000763], and biantennary (BA) [W = 46376; q = 0.00072], structures were decreased compared to controls.
agalactosyl bi-antennary glycans	increased level	immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	autoimmune pancreatitis	Pancreatitis		Humans	serum		26723536	Pathway analysis demonstrated that agalactosyl and monogalactosyl bi-antennary glycans were elevated in AIP patients.
monogalactosyl bi-antennary glycans	increased level	immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	autoimmune pancreatitis	Pancreatitis		Humans	serum		26723536	Pathway analysis demonstrated that agalactosyl and monogalactosyl bi-antennary glycans were elevated in AIP patients.
glycan #3410	increased level	immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	autoimmune pancreatitis	Pancreatitis		Humans	serum		26723536	Among the 14 glycans, #3410, #3510, and #4510 showed high area under receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) values (0.955, 0.964, and 0.968 respectively) for the diagnosis of AIP.
glycan #3510	increased level	immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	autoimmune pancreatitis	Pancreatitis		Humans	serum		26723536	Among the 14 glycans, #3410, #3510, and #4510 showed high area under receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) values (0.955, 0.964, and 0.968 respectively) for the diagnosis of AIP.
glycan #4510	increased level	immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	autoimmune pancreatitis	Pancreatitis		Humans	serum		26723536	Among the 14 glycans, #3410, #3510, and #4510 showed high area under receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) values (0.955, 0.964, and 0.968 respectively) for the diagnosis of AIP.
Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-positive Mac-2 binding protein (WFA(+)-M2BP)	altered level							diagnostic	liver fibrosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		24603981	"Recently, a novel marker, hyperglycosylated Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-positive Mac-2 binding protein (WFA(+)-M2BP), was developed for liver fibrosis using the glycan ""sugar chain""-based immunoassay; however, the feasibility of WFA(+)-M2BP for assessing liver fibrosis has not been proven with clinical samples of hepatitis."
hybrid type glycans	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	serum		35064597	Serum levels of hybrid type glycans were increased in patients with CRC compared with those with CRA (P < 0.001), and both hybrid-type and multi-antennary glycans were significantly increased in advanced cancer cases.
multi-antennary glycans	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	serum		35064597	Serum levels of hybrid type glycans were increased in patients with CRC compared with those with CRA (P < 0.001), and both hybrid-type and multi-antennary glycans were significantly increased in advanced cancer cases.
m/z 1914	decreased level							diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	serum		35064597	The glycan, m/z 1914, showed the highest diagnostic value among the decreased glycans, whereas m/z 1708 showed the highest among the increased glycans.
m/z 1708	increased level							diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	serum		35064597	The glycan, m/z 1914, showed the highest diagnostic value among the decreased glycans, whereas m/z 1708 showed the highest among the increased glycans.
m/z 1708/1914	increased ratio							diagnostic|prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	serum		35064597	Serum glycans, especially the m/z 1708/1914 ratio, were useful for the diagnosis, staging, and prognosis prediction of CRC.
high mannose type N-glycans	increased level							diagnostic	lung adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma of Lung		Humans	FFPE tissue sections	Paraffin Embedding	29157724	We show that high mannose type N-glycans are upregulated, while sialylated N-glycans are downregulated in our FFPE lung adenocarcinoma samples, compared to the control samples.
sialylated N-glycans	decreased level							diagnostic	lung adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma of Lung		Humans	FFPE tissue sections	Paraffin Embedding	29157724	We show that high mannose type N-glycans are upregulated, while sialylated N-glycans are downregulated in our FFPE lung adenocarcinoma samples, compared to the control samples.
sialylated O-linked glycan	unaltered level	HEG1		HEG1 protein, human				diagnostic	malignant mesothelioma	Mesothelioma, Malignant		human	mesothelioma cells	Mesothelioma	28361969	This accurate discrimination by SKM9-2 was due to the recognition of a sialylated O-linked glycan with HEG1 peptide.
O-glycosylation	increased level	α-dystroglycan			FuKutin-Related Protein	FKRP	FKRP protein, human		Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy type 2I			Humans	membrane/extracellular matrix		21886772	Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy type 2I (LGMD2I) is an inheritable autosomal, recessive disorder caused by mutations in the FuKutin-Related Protein (FKRP) gene (FKRP) located on chromosome 19 (19q13.3).
O-glycosylation	increased level	α-dystroglycan			FuKutin-Related Protein	FKRP	FKRP protein, human		Congenital Muscular Dystrophy			Humans	membrane/extracellular matrix		21886772	Mutations in FKRP are also associated with Congenital Muscular Dystrophy (MDC1C), Walker-Warburg Syndrome (WWS) and Muscle Eye Brain disease (MEB).
O-glycosylation	increased level	α-dystroglycan			FuKutin-Related Protein	FKRP	FKRP protein, human		Walker-Warburg Syndrome			Humans	membrane/extracellular matrix		21886772	Mutations in FKRP are also associated with Congenital Muscular Dystrophy (MDC1C), Walker-Warburg Syndrome (WWS) and Muscle Eye Brain disease (MEB).
O-glycosylation	increased level	α-dystroglycan			FuKutin-Related Protein	FKRP	FKRP protein, human		Muscle Eye Brain disease			Humans	membrane/extracellular matrix		21886772	Mutations in FKRP are also associated with Congenital Muscular Dystrophy (MDC1C), Walker-Warburg Syndrome (WWS) and Muscle Eye Brain disease (MEB).
alpha-1,3 and alpha-1,6 linked fucosylated glycan	increased level							diagnostic	cholangiocarcinoma	Bile Duct Neoplasms|Cholangiocarcinoma		Humans	serum		28561948	Using a glycomic method, patients with CCA were determined to have increased levels of alpha-1,3 and alpha-1,6 linked fucosylated glycan.
fucosylated Fetuin-A	increased level	Fetuin-A		alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein				diagnostic	cholangiocarcinoma	Bile Duct Neoplasms|Cholangiocarcinoma		Humans	serum		28561948	Fucosylated Fetuin-A (fc-Fetuin-A) had the best ability to differentiate CCA from PSC, with an AUROC of 0.812 or 0.8665 at differentiating CCA from those with PSC or other liver disease.
bisecting-GlcNAc	acquisition of structure	ERC/mesothelin		Mesothelin				diagnostic|predictive	epithelioid mesothelioma	Mesothelioma, Malignant	therapeutic antibody	Humans	epithelioid mesothelioma cells	Epithelioid Cells	33792699	Lectin microarray analysis of ERC/mesothelin using cells and patient specimens showed significantly stronger binding of PHA-E4 lectin, which recognizes complex-type N-glycans having a so-called bisecting-GlcNAc structure, to ERC/mesothelin from epithelioid mesothelioma cells than that from normal mesothelial cells.
Galβ-3GlcNAcβ-3Galβ-4GlcNAcβ-3Galβ-4GlcNAc	unaltered level							diagnostic	stem cell behavior			Human	stem cells	Embryonic Stem Cells	31308253	Microarray analyses with a panel of sequence-defined glycans corroborate that FC10.2, TRA-1-60, TRA-1-81 recognize the type 1-(Galβ-3GlcNAc)-terminating backbone sequence, Galβ-3GlcNAcβ-3Galβ-4GlcNAcβ-3Galβ-4GlcNAc, and anti-i, the type 2-(Galβ-4GlcNAc) analog, Galβ-4GlcNAcβ-3Galβ-4GlcNAcβ-3Galβ-4GlcNAc, and we determine substituents they can accommodate.
Galβ-4GlcNAcβ-3Galβ-4GlcNAcβ-3Galβ-4GlcNAc	unaltered level							diagnostic	stem cell behavior			Human	stem cells	Embryonic Stem Cells	31308253	Microarray analyses with a panel of sequence-defined glycans corroborate that FC10.2, TRA-1-60, TRA-1-81 recognize the type 1-(Galβ-3GlcNAc)-terminating backbone sequence, Galβ-3GlcNAcβ-3Galβ-4GlcNAcβ-3Galβ-4GlcNAc, and anti-i, the type 2-(Galβ-4GlcNAc) analog, Galβ-4GlcNAcβ-3Galβ-4GlcNAcβ-3Galβ-4GlcNAc, and we determine substituents they can accommodate.
Galβ-4GlcNAc(6S)β-3Galβ-4GlcNAcβ-3Galβ-4GlcNAc	unaltered level							diagnostic	stem cell behavior			Human	stem cells	Embryonic Stem Cells	31308253	R-10G is assigned as a mono-sulfated type 2 chain with 6-sulfation at the penultimate N-acetylglucosamine, Galβ-4GlcNAc(6S)β-3Galβ-4GlcNAcβ-3Galβ-4GlcNAc.
O-glycosylation	altered level	Apolipoprotein E	APOE	Apolipoprotein E4|Apolipoproteins E|ApoE protein, human				diagnostic|risk	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Human	plasma		37072097	We quantified O-glycosylation of two apoE protein residues - one in the hinge region and one in the C-terminal region - and found that glycosylation occupancy of the hinge region in the plasma was significantly correlated with plasma total apoE levels, APOE genotype and amyloid status as determined by CSF Aβ42/Aβ40.
O-glycosylation	altered level	Apolipoprotein E	APOE	Apolipoprotein E4|Apolipoproteins E|ApoE protein, human				diagnostic	brain amyloidosis	Plaque, Amyloid		Human	plasma		37072097	These results suggest that plasma apoE glycosylation levels could be a marker of brain amyloidosis, and that apoE glycosylation may play a role in the pathophysiology of AD.
Wisteria floribunda agglutinin positive Mac-2 binding protein	increased level	Mac-2 binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic	chronic heart failure	Heart Failure		Humans	serum		29098408	The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of serum WFA<sup>+</sup>-M2BP level as a biomarker in chronic heart failure (HF) patients with abnormal liver function.
terminal galactosylated N-glycans	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		23855414	Decrease in terminal galactosylated N-glycans of serum IgG has been found in various malignancies compared to healthy controls.
IgG galactosylation	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		23855414	Here, this alteration of IgG galactosylation was extended to be investigated between ovarian cancer and benign conditions with similar elevated CA-125 levels, in an attempt to effectively distinguish between false-positive subjects and ovarian cancer patients.
G0 glycoform	acquisition of structure	Avastin|Rituxan|Remicade|Herceptin		Antibodies, Monoclonal|Antibodies, Monoclonal|Antibodies, Monoclonal|Antibodies, Monoclonal	beta1,4 galactosidase		Glycosyltransferases								19425533	We show here that under native conditions we can convert the N-glycans of these mAbs to a homogeneous population of G0 glycoform using beta1,4 galactosidase from Streptococcus pneumoniae.
G0 glycoform	acquisition of structure	Avastin|Rituxan|Remicade|Herceptin		Antibodies, Monoclonal|Antibodies, Monoclonal|Antibodies, Monoclonal|Antibodies, Monoclonal	beta1,4-galactosyltransferase (beta1,4Gal-T1-Y289L)		Glycosyltransferases								19425533	The G0 glycoforms of mAbs can be galactosylated with a modified galactose having a chemical handle at the C2 position, such as ketone or azide, using a mutant beta1,4-galactosyltransferase (beta1,4Gal-T1-Y289L).
α-2,3-terminal sialic acid	increased level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	serum		27506346	Thus, combined analysis of serological PSA levels together with PSA glycoprofiling of aberrant glycosylation of PSA (i.e. increase in the level of α-2,3-terminal sialic acid) has a potential to improve detection of PCa.
3-deoxyglucosone	increased level							risk	diabetic microangiopathy	Diabetic Angiopathies		Humans	serum		12766129	The present results show that the fasting serum 3-DG level is elevated in diabetic patients and that the patients with relatively higher 3-DG levels were prone to suffer from more severe complications, indicating a possible association of 3-DG with diabetic microangiopathy.
O-glycosylation	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					human diseases			Humans	cell surface		11445551	In a number of human diseases aberrant O-glycosylation is associated with variations in the properties of the cell surface-associated and secreted mucins.
Nε-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML)	increased level	plasma protein		Blood Proteins				diagnostic	Autism Spectrum Disorder	Autism Spectrum Disorder|Autistic Disorder		Humans	plasma		38135754	We conclude that ASD diagnosis may be supported using an algorithm with features of plasma protein CML, CMA, 3DG-H and DT in 5-12 years-old children, and an algorithm with additional features applicable for ASD screening in younger children.
Nω-carboxymethylarginine (CMA)	increased level	plasma protein		Blood Proteins				diagnostic	Autism Spectrum Disorder	Autism Spectrum Disorder|Autistic Disorder		Humans	plasma		38135754	We conclude that ASD diagnosis may be supported using an algorithm with features of plasma protein CML, CMA, 3DG-H and DT in 5-12 years-old children, and an algorithm with additional features applicable for ASD screening in younger children.
3-deoxyglucosone-derived hydroimidazolone (3DG-H)	increased level	plasma protein		Blood Proteins				diagnostic	Autism Spectrum Disorder	Autism Spectrum Disorder|Autistic Disorder		Humans	plasma		38135754	We conclude that ASD diagnosis may be supported using an algorithm with features of plasma protein CML, CMA, 3DG-H and DT in 5-12 years-old children, and an algorithm with additional features applicable for ASD screening in younger children.
o,o'-dityrosine (DT)	increased level	plasma protein		Blood Proteins				diagnostic	Autism Spectrum Disorder	Autism Spectrum Disorder|Autistic Disorder		Humans	plasma		38135754	We conclude that ASD diagnosis may be supported using an algorithm with features of plasma protein CML, CMA, 3DG-H and DT in 5-12 years-old children, and an algorithm with additional features applicable for ASD screening in younger children.
Nε(1-carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL)	increased level	plasma protein		Blood Proteins				risk	Autism Spectrum Disorder	Autism Spectrum Disorder|Autistic Disorder		Humans	plasma		38135754	ASD severity, as assessed by ADOS-2 score, correlated positively with plasma protein glycation adducts derived from methylglyoxal, hydroimidazolone MG-H1 and Nε(1-carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL).
	undetermined								Brain Neoplasms	Brain Neoplasms		Humans|Mice			18685595	
	undetermined								Colonic Neoplasms	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans|Mice			18685595	
N-glycosylation	altered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	urine		28360190	We investigated if prostatic protein N-glycosylation profiles were related to urinary vesicle-associated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) extractability and if this parameter showed diagnostic potential for PCa.
biantennary core-fucosylation	altered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	urine		28360190	Next, vesicle-associated PSA extraction ratio was correlated to biantennary core-fucosylation (p=0.003).
N-glycosylation	unaltered level	BST2		Antigens, CD					Immunodeficiency Virus, Feline	Immunodeficiency Virus, Feline		Cats	Cell Line	Cell Line	26379128	Notably, the N-glycosylation state and the cell surface level of the N-terminally modified variants were unlike those of the wild-type protein, while no difference was observed in their intracellular localizations.
glycosylation	altered level	glycoproteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic							19278867	Finally, quantification of glycopeptides is an important aspect of glycopeptide-based biomarker discovery, and our quantitative approach could be a valuable asset to this field as well, provided the compositions of the glycopeptides to be quantified are identifiable using other methods.
glucose monomycolate	increased level							monitoring	mycobacterial infection			human	skin		16198315	Accordingly, GMM production serves as a good indicator for local invasion of mycobacteria, and its detection by the host immune system would favor efficient monitoring of mycobacterial infection.
N-linked glycosylation	altered level	GCDFP-15/PIP|gp17/SABP		PIP protein, human|PIP protein, human					pathological condition			human	breast tumor|seminal vesicles|salivary glands	Breast Neoplasms||	12755619	A different N-linked glycosylation pattern was observed in pathological GCDFP-15/PIP as compared with physiological gp17/SABP protein by coupling enzymatic digestion and ProteinChip technology.
N-glycosylation	altered level	beta-trace protein		Lipocalins				diagnostic	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid		10524229	Testing beta TP isoforms is a useful tool to detect protein N-glycosylation disorders in the central nervous system.
sialyl-Lewis X	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	implantation			Human	endometrial cell surface	Epithelial Cells	33596915	Whilst high expression of MUC1 displaying elevated glycosylation led to strong extrinsic (> 400 pN) L-selectin binding at the cell surface, low expression of MUC1 with reduced glycosylation resulted in significantly less (≤200 pN) binding events.
sialyl-Lewis X	decreased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	implantation			Human	endometrial cell surface	Epithelial Cells	33596915	Whilst high expression of MUC1 displaying elevated glycosylation led to strong extrinsic (> 400 pN) L-selectin binding at the cell surface, low expression of MUC1 with reduced glycosylation resulted in significantly less (≤200 pN) binding events.
CH2 domain glycosylation	undetermined	IgG		Immunoglobulin G								Humans		Humans	2148808	Glycosylation of the CH2 domain is also essential, although the carbohydrate is not accessible for direct interaction with ligands.
N- and O-linked glycosylation	altered level	M1/69-J11d Ag		Glycoproteins|Membrane Glycoproteins					differential glycosylation			mouse	lymphoid, myeloid, and erythroid cells	Hematopoietic Stem Cells	2118158	Almost all of the mass of the M1/69-J11d Ag accumulates through extensive N- and O-linked glycosylation at multiple sites in the short peptide.
glucosepane	increased level							diagnostic	osteoarthritis	Osteoarthritis, Knee		Guinea pig|Human	plasma		29929535	Plasma glucosepane was increased 38% in early-stage OA (p < 0.05) and sixfold in patients with advanced OA (p < 0.001) compared with healthy controls.
galactosylation	increased level	ACPA-IgG		Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies|Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				monitoring	rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		Humans	serum		29615411	The pregnancy-induced increase in ACPA-IgG galactosylation, but not sialylation, associates with lower DAS28-CRP.
early-glycation products	increased level							monitoring|diagnostic	diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus		human	head-hair	Hair	17210162	Both Western blots and this technique demonstrated 3.1 fold EGAs increases in the proximal 2 cm of hair of diabetics as compared to non-diabetics.
advanced-glycation end products	altered level							monitoring|diagnostic	diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus		human	head-hair	Hair	17210162	Fluctuations in EGAs and AGEs along hair shafts, indicating alterations in glycemic control were also observed.
Lewis(x) antigen	acquisition of structure				alpha-fucosidase		alpha-L-Fucosidase					Aspergillus niger		Aspergillus niger	9177275	Further transglycosylation using a beta-galactosidase (E.C. 3.2.1.23) yielded the branched oligosaccharide 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-3-O-(alpha-L-fucopyranosyl)-4-O-(beta-D-galactopyran osyl)-D-glucopyranose, i.e., the Lewis(x) antigen.
O-glycan	altered level	nebulin		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	endometrial cancer	Endometrial Neoplasms		Humans	urine		22949810	In addition, the urine of the ECa patients was also found to contain relatively lower levels of a fragment of nebulin when the 2-DE separated urinary proteins were probed using champedak galactose binding (CGB) lectin.
surface glycans	altered level							diagnostic	cancer				extracellular vesicles	Extracellular Vesicles	37038008	Notably, subpopulations of EVs exhibit distinct characteristics depending on their cell of origin, including the expression of surface glycans, which have been implicated in a variety of cellular processes such as field cancerization, cell recognition, and signal transduction.
α-1 acid glycoprotein	increased level	α-1 acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				monitoring	lymphoma	Lymphoma	antineoplastic treatment	cats	serum		26512544	Serum AGP and SAA concentrations were higher in cats with lymphoma at diagnosis (median, 832.60 and 1.03 μg/mL, respectively), compared with those in healthy cats (median, 269.85 and 0.10 μg/mL).
α-1 acid glycoprotein	decreased level	α-1 acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				monitoring	lymphoma	Lymphoma	antineoplastic treatment	cats	serum		26512544	Treatment resulted in a gradual decrease in serum AGP concentration after 4 weeks and in SAA concentration after 8 weeks of treatment, and these concentrations returned to values comparable with those of healthy cats by 12 weeks of treatment, by which point all cats had achieved complete remission of the disease.
serum amyloid A	increased level	serum amyloid A		Serum Amyloid A Protein				monitoring	lymphoma	Lymphoma	antineoplastic treatment	cats	serum		26512544	Serum AGP and SAA concentrations were higher in cats with lymphoma at diagnosis (median, 832.60 and 1.03 μg/mL, respectively), compared with those in healthy cats (median, 269.85 and 0.10 μg/mL).
serum amyloid A	decreased level	serum amyloid A		Serum Amyloid A Protein				monitoring	lymphoma	Lymphoma	antineoplastic treatment	cats	serum		26512544	Treatment resulted in a gradual decrease in serum AGP concentration after 4 weeks and in SAA concentration after 8 weeks of treatment, and these concentrations returned to values comparable with those of healthy cats by 12 weeks of treatment, by which point all cats had achieved complete remission of the disease.
GalNAc	undetermined														11467546	Examples include the first-time determination of the positions of six GalNAc groups in a 60-residue peptide, five sialic acid and six O-linked GalNAc groups in a 25-residue peptide, and the sulfate group position in a 11-residue peptide.
sialic acid	undetermined														11467546	Examples include the first-time determination of the positions of six GalNAc groups in a 60-residue peptide, five sialic acid and six O-linked GalNAc groups in a 25-residue peptide, and the sulfate group position in a 11-residue peptide.
N-acetyllactosamine	acquisition of structure								pathogenic events			Helicobacter pylori	lipopolysaccharide	O Antigens	9451019	The O-antigen chain from the lipopolysaccharide of Helicobacter pylori strain UA861 was determined to be composed of an elongated type 2 N -acetyllactosamine backbone, -[-->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1-->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc-(1-]n-->, with approximately half of the GlcNAc units carrying a terminal alpha-d-Glc residue at the O -6 position.
Lewis X|Lewis Y	loss of structure								pathogenic events			Helicobacter pylori	lipopolysaccharide	O Antigens	9451019	The O-chain of H.pylori UA861 was terminated by a N -acetyllactosamine [beta-D-Gal-(1-->4)-beta-D-GlcNAc] (LacNAc) epitope and did not express terminal Lewis X or Lewis Y blood-group determinants as previously found in other H.pylori strains.
carbohydrate residues	undetermined	20-kDa Ag		Membrane Glycoproteins					HIV infection			human	Jurkat T cells	Cell Line	1383318	Immunoprecipitation from cell lysates (Jurkat, SupT1, PBMC, MonoMac) with the JKT.M1 mAb yields a 20-kDa Ag with few if any carbohydrate residues as determined by N-glycanase and neuraminidase treatments.
glycosylation site at amino acid 400	loss of structure	gp 105		Viral Envelope Proteins					HIV-2	HIV-2		Humans		Humans	1989393	Loss of a single glycosylation site at amino acid 400, however, was sufficient to cause a reduction of at least 50-fold in the efficiency of receptor binding.
N-glycosylation	altered level	gp120|gp41		Viral Envelope Proteins|Viral Envelope Proteins				prognostic	acquired immunodeficiency syndrome	Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome		Humans	cell surface receptor molecules	Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte	3264072	Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the retrovirus responsible for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), contains two heavily glycosylated envelope proteins, gp120 and gp41, which mediate attachment of virions to glycosylated cell surface receptor molecules (CD4 antigens) and appear to be responsible for syncytium formation and associated cytopathic effects of this virus.
sialic acid	altered level				UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase			diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	29847599	A notable result was that the different cell lines produced significantly different levels of sialic acid upon exogenous ManNAc supplementation, indicating that feedback inhibition of UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase (GNE)-generally regarded as the 'gatekeeper' enzyme for titering flux into sialic acid biosynthesis-is not the only regulatory mechanism that limits production of this sugar.
α(1,6)linked fucose	increased level	GRP94			α(1,6)fucosyltransferase				colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	cancer tissue		22152070	Likewise, we confirmed the increased expression of GRP94 in colorectal cancer tissue and the significant down-regulation of the IgGFcBP expression in tumour cells.
α(1,6)linked fucose	decreased level	IgGFcBP			α(1,6)fucosyltransferase				colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	tumour cells		22152070	Likewise, we confirmed the increased expression of GRP94 in colorectal cancer tissue and the significant down-regulation of the IgGFcBP expression in tumour cells.
alpha-2,6-sialylated haptoglobin	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		17022640	Comparing serum concentrations of alpha-2,6-sialylated Hp (S-Hp) and alpha-1,6-fucosylated Hp (F-Hp) between HCC and CLD patients suggests that purification of S-Hp and F-Hp could enrich the glycosylation variants associated with HCC.
alpha-1,6-fucosylated haptoglobin	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		17022640	Comparing serum concentrations of alpha-2,6-sialylated Hp (S-Hp) and alpha-1,6-fucosylated Hp (F-Hp) between HCC and CLD patients suggests that purification of S-Hp and F-Hp could enrich the glycosylation variants associated with HCC.
hypersialylated fucosylated haptoglobin	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		17022640	A unique pattern of Hp glycoforms comprising both hypersialylated fucosylated and hyposialylated fucosylated species was found in the HCC patients.
hyposialylated fucosylated haptoglobin	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		17022640	A unique pattern of Hp glycoforms comprising both hypersialylated fucosylated and hyposialylated fucosylated species was found in the HCC patients.
GalNAc	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1	UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase		UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine-N-acetylgalactosaminylphosphotransferase		breast tumor	Tumor Cells, Cultured		human	MCF7 cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8206912	Synthetic peptides (30 and 20 residues long) corresponding to the native MUC1 tandem repeat sequence (20 residues long) were glycosylated in vitro using UDP-[3H]GalNAc and lysates from the human breast tumor cell line MCF7.
polylactosamine	increased level	LAMP-2		Lysosomal Membrane Proteins					establishment of a polarized MDCK epithelial monolayer			canine	Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells	Dogs|Kidney|Cell Line	8374171	During establishment of the MDCK monolayer after only 1 d of culture, this canine LAMP-2 has a larger molecular size (110 kDa) than following formation of a confluent monolayer after 3 d of culture (100 kDa) due to the increased presence of N-linked polylactosamine oligosaccharide chains.
glycoforms	altered level							diagnostic	cancer			mouse			33128033	Targeting aberrant glycoforms has been validated for in vitro cancer diagnostic development, and several assays are currently in routine clinical use.
alpha1,6-fucosylated glycan	altered level	cytokeratin 8		Keratin-8					hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Neoplasm Metastasis		Humans	HCC cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	17068759	In order to screen the aberrantly alpha1,6-fucosylated glycoproteins related to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis, a high-throughput glycomic approach which consisted of 2-DE, electronic transfer of proteins, lectin affinity blot and precipitation, and MALDI-TOF-MS/MS, was established.
alpha1,6-fucosylated glycan	altered level	annexin I		Annexin A1					hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Neoplasm Metastasis		Humans	HCC cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	17068759	In order to screen the aberrantly alpha1,6-fucosylated glycoproteins related to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis, a high-throughput glycomic approach which consisted of 2-DE, electronic transfer of proteins, lectin affinity blot and precipitation, and MALDI-TOF-MS/MS, was established.
alpha1,6-fucosylated glycan	altered level	annexin II		Annexin A2					hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Neoplasm Metastasis		Humans	HCC cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	17068759	In order to screen the aberrantly alpha1,6-fucosylated glycoproteins related to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis, a high-throughput glycomic approach which consisted of 2-DE, electronic transfer of proteins, lectin affinity blot and precipitation, and MALDI-TOF-MS/MS, was established.
MUC1	decreased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				risk	Helicobacter pylori infection	Helicobacter Infections		Mice	gastric epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	19816567	Deficiency of MUC1/Muc1 resulted in increased epithelial cell apoptosis, both in MKN7 cells in vitro, and in H. pylori infected mice.
glycoconjugates	altered level							diagnostic	prostate carcinoma	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	prostate tissues		19740412	The binding of recombinant and native frutalin to specific glycoconjugates expressed in human prostate tissues was assessed by using an immuhistochemical technique.
glycoconjugates	unaltered level							diagnostic	benign prostate hyperplasia	Prostatic Hyperplasia		human	prostate tissues		19740412	A total of 20 cases of prostate carcinoma and 25 cases of benign prostate hyperplasia were studied.
CD3gamma	decreased level	CD3 Complex		CD3 Complex					gammadelta T cell activation			Mice	gammadelta T cells	T-Lymphocytes	12438426	Further analyses revealed that this protein is not CD3delta, but instead is a differentially glycosylated form of CD3gamma.
CD3gamma	increased level	CD3 Complex		CD3 Complex					gammadelta T cell activation			Mice	activated gammadelta T cells	T-Lymphocytes	12438426	Here, we report that activation and expansion do in fact result in the inclusion of a protein, comparable in mass and mobility to CD3delta, in the gammadelta TCR.
glycosylation	altered level	alpha 1-protease inhibitor		Protease Inhibitors					Carcinoma, Hepatocellular	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	Hep 3B and Hep G2	Tumor Cells, Cultured	2482177	The system employs two human hepatoma cell lines, Hep 3B and Hep G2, as target cells and agarose affinity electrophoresis with lectins for studies of microheterogeneity of alpha 1-protease inhibitor (PI), a model glycoprotein synthesized by hepatocytes.
Tn antigen	increased level							diagnostic	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	colorectal tissues	Intestinal Mucosa	2908846	In colon cancers, the percentage of cases expressing each antigen were as follows: Tn 72-81%, sialosyl-Tn 93-96%, and T 71%.
sialosyl-Tn antigen	increased level							diagnostic	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	colorectal tissues	Intestinal Mucosa	2908846	In colon cancers, the percentage of cases expressing each antigen were as follows: Tn 72-81%, sialosyl-Tn 93-96%, and T 71%.
T antigen	increased level							diagnostic	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	colorectal tissues	Intestinal Mucosa	2908846	In colon cancers, the percentage of cases expressing each antigen were as follows: Tn 72-81%, sialosyl-Tn 93-96%, and T 71%.
sialylation	increased level								cancer	Neoplasms	adoptive cell therapy	Humans	tumor tissue		39037058	"In this issue, Eisenberg and colleagues show that IFNγ induces hyper-sialylation of cancer cells and that this acts as the ""checkpoint"" through binding to the inhibitory molecule Siglec-9 on immune cells."
sialyl Lewis x	loss of structure	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1		Sialyl Lewis X Antigen					Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection	Anaplasma phagocytophilum		Anaplasma phagocytophilum	HL-60 cells	Cell Line	19223475	Anaplasma phagocytophilum is an intragranulocytic bacterium that utilizes sialyl Lewis x (sLe(x))-modified P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 as a receptor for infecting myeloid cells.
sperm antigens	altered level								antisperm response		vasectomy	human	peripheral blood lymphocytes	Antibody Formation|Humans	11002564	This approach allowed us to obtain better pronounced humoral antisperm response, specific to sperm deglycosylated antigens when PBL's were obtained from individuals in vivo sensitized to sperm (after vasectomy).
Tn	increased level	glycophorin A		Glycophorins					blood group N			Humans	Erythrocytes	Erythrocytes	7653159	A higher content of Tn and sialyl-Tn receptors in glycophorin A of blood group N than in that of blood group M was suggested by reactions with anti-Tn lectins.
sialyl-Tn	increased level	glycophorin A		Glycophorins					blood group N			Humans	Erythrocytes	Erythrocytes	7653159	A higher content of Tn and sialyl-Tn receptors in glycophorin A of blood group N than in that of blood group M was suggested by reactions with anti-Tn lectins.
glycans	altered level	E1|E2		E1 protein, Hepatitis C virus|glycoprotein E2, Hepatitis C virus					Hepatitis C			human	viral particles		20668082	Importantly, besides maturation of some of their glycans, HCV envelope glycoproteins showed a dramatic change in their oligomeric state after incorporation into the viral particle.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	podoplanin		PDPN protein, human	COSMC			diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms	adoptive transfer of T cells	human	cancer cell		31672936	Human cancer cells were eradicated by adoptive transfer of T cells transduced with a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) made from an antibody (237Ab) that is highly specific for the murine Tn-glycosylated podoplanin (Tn-PDPN).
N-linked carbohydrate groups	unaltered level	47-kDa protein|37-kDa protein		Membrane Glycoproteins|Membrane Glycoproteins					B cell antigen			Humans	B lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes	2033258	Both subunits carry N-linked carbohydrate groups.
O-linked glycosylation	altered level	leucocyte common antigen (L-CA, CD45, or T200)		Leukocyte Common Antigens								Rats	leucocytes	Leukocyte Common Antigens	2523868	The leucocyte common antigen (L-CA, CD45, or T200) consists of a family of heavily glycosylated glycoproteins of apparent Mr 180,000-240,000 found at the surface of leucocytes but not other cell types.
N-glycosylation	altered level	SEMA7A		SEMA7A protein, human	FUT8		Fucosyltransferases	prognostic	head and neck squamous cell carcinoma	Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck|Head and Neck Neoplasms	EGFR-targeted and anti-PD-L1-based immunotherapy	Humans		Humans	38548747	Here, we identify overexpression and aberrant N-glycosylation of SEMA7A in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and elucidate fucosyltransferase FUT8 catalyzes aberrant core fucosylation in SEMA7A at N-linked oligosaccharides (Asn 105, 157, 258, 330, and 602) via a direct protein‒protein interaction.
N-glycosylation	unaltered level	alpha-Fetoproteins		alpha-Fetoproteins											20209665	We present here a targeted MS/MS analysis approach, which utilizes a previously developed computational tool, GlyPID, to guide multiple experiments, thus permitting a complete characterization of all N-glycosylation sites of glycoproteins present in a complex sample.
core alpha-1,6-linked fucose	increased level							diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		woodchuck	serum		15642945	In this report, we show that woodchucks diagnosed with HCC have dramatically higher levels of serum-associated core alpha-1,6-linked fucose, as compared with woodchucks without a diagnosis of HCC.
core alpha-1,6-linked fucose	increased level	Golgi Protein 73		GOLM1 protein, human				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	serum		15642945	One such glycoprotein, Golgi Protein 73 (GP73), was found to be elevated and hyperfucosylated in animals with HCC.
	undetermined											Human	blood serum	Blood	15637048	Applying the method to the analysis of the human blood serum proteome we demonstrate the feasibility of using mass spectrometry-based proteomics as a high throughput screening technology for the detection and quantification of targeted proteins in a complex system.
N-linked carbohydrate chains	unaltered level	cystatin F		CST7 protein, human								human	peripheral blood cells|spleen|dendritic cells|T cells	Humans	9733783	Like cystatin E/M, cystatin F is a glycoprotein, carrying two N-linked carbohydrate chains at positions 36 and 88.
fully glycosylated MUC1	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1				prognostic	gastric carcinoma	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	gastric mucosa	Stomach Neoplasms	9699534	High levels of expression of HMFG1 were associated with lymphatic invasion, nodal metastatization, and advanced pTNM staging.
under-glycosylated MUC1	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1				prognostic	gastric carcinoma	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	gastric mucosa	Stomach Neoplasms	9699534	The expression of SM3 was associated with the histologic (solid) type of carcinoma, expanding growth pattern, wall penetration, lymphatic invasion and age of the patients.
corneodesmosin	unaltered level								hyperkeratotic lesions			human	epidermis	Epidermis	9470901	Hyperkeratotic lesions which are characterized by an increased number of junctions showed intense immunoreactivity with anticorneodesmosin antibody.
glycosides linked to Asn229 of DPPIV	undetermined	Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4					epithelial and lymphocyte cell-cell adhesion			Human	T-Lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	15213224	Additionally, four glycosides linked to Asn229 of DPPIV bind to ADA.
sialylation	decreased level	DPP-IV		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4					abnormal lipid-rich microdomains			Mice	HT-29 cells	HT29 Cells	12855686	A 24-h treatment of transfected cells by GalNAcalpha-O-bn markedly inhibited the apical secretion and the sialylation of this soluble murine DPP-IV, which became blocked inside the cell.
	undetermined											Rats	Kidney Medulla	Kidney Medulla	12382146	The medulla is the most immature zone at birth and displays the greatest morphological changes during this period.
lactosylceramide	altered level				CMP-NeuAc:GM1 alpha 2-->3 sialyltransferase		Sialyltransferases		differentiation	Cell Differentiation		Humans	HT-29 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8048973	The metabolism of two radiolabelled glycosphingolipids, lactosylceramide and GM1 ganglioside, in differentiated and undifferentiated HT-29 cells is reported.
GM1 ganglioside	altered level				CMP-NeuAc:GM1 alpha 2-->3 sialyltransferase		Sialyltransferases		differentiation	Cell Differentiation		Humans	HT-29 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8048973	The metabolism of two radiolabelled glycosphingolipids, lactosylceramide and GM1 ganglioside, in differentiated and undifferentiated HT-29 cells is reported.
oligosaccharides	altered level	HLA-DR alpha- and beta-chains		HLA-DR Antigens								human	BALB/c 3T3 cells		2071896	The differences in m.w. were shown to be caused by differences in glycosylation with the majority of alpha- and beta-chains remaining unprocessed and endo H sensitive in the absence of Ii.
types 2 and 3 chain H and T	acquisition of structure								psoriasis	Psoriasis		Humans	psoriatic skin	Skin	2180441	The glycosylation pattern in psoriatic epithelium was changed in two ways. 1) Some carbohydrates (types 2 and 3 chain H and T) were expressed at an earlier stage of cell maturation.
Tn and sialyl-Tn	acquisition of structure								psoriasis	Psoriasis		Humans	psoriatic skin	Skin	2180441	2) The biosynthetic precursors to T structures, Tn and sialyl-Tn, which are not expressed in normal skin, and are often considered cancer-associated antigens, appeared in psoriatic skin.
high mannose form of NTB-A	acquisition of structure	NTB-A		SLAMF6 protein, human|Signaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule Family Member 1					HIV-1 infection	HIV-1		Humans	cell	Cell Line	23528733	In the presence of Vpu, only the high mannose form of NTB-A was detectable, suggesting that Vpu prevented the formation of the mature form of NTB-A.
MUC1 glycosylation	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					Helicobacter pylori gastritis	Gastritis		Humans	gastric foveolar epithelium	Gastric Mucosa	23412104	This observation suggests that there is no substantial loss of the mucin domain of MUC1 from the apical surface in gastritis, as suggested by others, but rather the H. pylori influences the glycosylation of MUC1.
Wheat germ agglutinin-binding glycoproteins	decreased level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid		11739614	When CSF glycoproteins were stained with wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), the staining intensity was found to be significantly lower in the Alzheimer's disease group.
sialyl Lewis A antigen	unaltered level								inflammatory bowel disease	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases		Humans	M cells		9916113	The results show that human M-cell glycosylation patterns are distinct from those of other species examined and that human M cells preferentially display the sialyl Lewis A antigen.
α1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine (αGlcNAc)	decreased level	MUC6		MUC6 protein, human|Mucin-6				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	pancreatic neoplasms	Pancreatic Neoplasms	28685935	At both sequences, the frequency of MUC6-positive and αGlcNAc-positive lesions decreased with tumor progression.
α1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine (αGlcNAc)	decreased level	MUC6		MUC6 protein, human|Mucin-6				diagnostic	PanIN	Precancerous Conditions		Humans	pancreatic neoplasms	Pancreatic Neoplasms	28685935	At the PanIN-IDAC sequence, αGlcNAc expression significantly decreased relative to MUC6 in low-grade PanIN (P = 0.021), high-grade PanIN/intraductal spread of IDAC (P = 0.031) and IDAC (P = 0.013).
α1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine (αGlcNAc)	decreased level	MUC6		MUC6 protein, human|Mucin-6				diagnostic	IPMN	Precancerous Conditions		Humans	pancreatic neoplasms	Pancreatic Neoplasms	28685935	At the IPMN-IPMNAIC sequence, decreased αGlcNAc expression was also observed in low-grade IPMN exhibiting gastric-type morphology (P = 0.020).
Galbeta1-3 GalNAcalpha1-3 Ser/Thr|GalNAcalpha1-3 Ser/Thr	undetermined	fetuin		Glycoproteins									erythrocytes	Erythrocyte Membrane	10431927	From the glycoproteins tested, fetuin was the most potent inhibitor of the hemagglutinating activity and the better ligand for lectin purification; however, the use of desialylated stroma from erythrocytes represented the cheapest method to purify this lectin.
stage-specific embryonic antigen-3	undetermined														38039697	The obtained SSEA-3 and SSEA-4 glycans were further functionalized with biotin and deuterated lipid for applications in biological studies.
SSEA-4	undetermined														38039697	The obtained SSEA-3 and SSEA-4 glycans were further functionalized with biotin and deuterated lipid for applications in biological studies.
GP5	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				diagnostic	esophageal precancerosis	Precancerous Conditions		Humans		Humans	33303693	Then, GP5 (adjusted OR: 0.805), GP17 (adjusted OR: 1.305), G12n (adjusted OR: 1.271), Gal_1 (adjusted OR: 0.776) and Fuc (adjusted OR: 0.737) were validated and significantly associated with esophageal precancerosis.
GP17	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				diagnostic	esophageal precancerosis	Precancerous Conditions		Humans		Humans	33303693	Then, GP5 (adjusted OR: 0.805), GP17 (adjusted OR: 1.305), G12n (adjusted OR: 1.271), Gal_1 (adjusted OR: 0.776) and Fuc (adjusted OR: 0.737) were validated and significantly associated with esophageal precancerosis.
G12n	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				diagnostic	esophageal precancerosis	Precancerous Conditions		Humans		Humans	33303693	Then, GP5 (adjusted OR: 0.805), GP17 (adjusted OR: 1.305), G12n (adjusted OR: 1.271), Gal_1 (adjusted OR: 0.776) and Fuc (adjusted OR: 0.737) were validated and significantly associated with esophageal precancerosis.
Gal_1	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				diagnostic	esophageal precancerosis	Precancerous Conditions		Humans		Humans	33303693	Then, GP5 (adjusted OR: 0.805), GP17 (adjusted OR: 1.305), G12n (adjusted OR: 1.271), Gal_1 (adjusted OR: 0.776) and Fuc (adjusted OR: 0.737) were validated and significantly associated with esophageal precancerosis.
Fuc	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				diagnostic	esophageal precancerosis	Precancerous Conditions		Humans		Humans	33303693	Then, GP5 (adjusted OR: 0.805), GP17 (adjusted OR: 1.305), G12n (adjusted OR: 1.271), Gal_1 (adjusted OR: 0.776) and Fuc (adjusted OR: 0.737) were validated and significantly associated with esophageal precancerosis.
high mannose and complex N-glycans	increased level	CD164		CD164 protein, human|Cd164 protein, mouse|Endolyn					haematopoiesis	Hematopoiesis		human	CD34+ CD38- haematopoietic precursor cells		15730515	Endolyn (CD164) is a sialomucin that functions as an adhesion molecule and a negative regulator of CD34+ CD38- human haematopoietic precursor cell proliferation.
core 1 O-glycans (the Tn antigen)	increased level	CD164		CD164 protein, human|Cd164 protein, mouse|Endolyn					haematopoiesis	Hematopoiesis		human	CD34+ CD38- haematopoietic precursor cells		15730515	Endolyn (CD164) is a sialomucin that functions as an adhesion molecule and a negative regulator of CD34+ CD38- human haematopoietic precursor cell proliferation.
alpha2-3 and alpha2-6 sialic acid moieties	increased level	CD164		CD164 protein, human|Cd164 protein, mouse|Endolyn					haematopoiesis	Hematopoiesis		human	CD34+ CD38- haematopoietic precursor cells		15730515	Endolyn (CD164) is a sialomucin that functions as an adhesion molecule and a negative regulator of CD34+ CD38- human haematopoietic precursor cell proliferation.
Tn-antigen	altered level				C1GalT1		Galactosyltransferases	diagnostic|prognostic|response	cancer			Humans	pancreatic cancer sera	Pancreatic Neoplasms	32510927	Knowing the Tn-glycosylated proteins and glycosylation sites are essential to the prevention, diagnosis, and therapy of cancer associated with the expression of Tn.
trigalactosylated	increased level							diagnostic	type II diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	plasma		35768493	Multi-block analysis revealed that trigalactosylated (G3), triantennary (TRIA), high branching (HB) and trisialylated (S3) expressed significantly highly in T2DM than healthy controls.
triantennary	increased level							diagnostic	type II diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	plasma		35768493	Multi-block analysis revealed that trigalactosylated (G3), triantennary (TRIA), high branching (HB) and trisialylated (S3) expressed significantly highly in T2DM than healthy controls.
high branching	increased level							diagnostic	type II diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	plasma		35768493	Multi-block analysis revealed that trigalactosylated (G3), triantennary (TRIA), high branching (HB) and trisialylated (S3) expressed significantly highly in T2DM than healthy controls.
trisialylated	increased level							diagnostic	type II diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	plasma		35768493	Multi-block analysis revealed that trigalactosylated (G3), triantennary (TRIA), high branching (HB) and trisialylated (S3) expressed significantly highly in T2DM than healthy controls.
glycan 9200	increased level							prognostic|predictive	unresectable pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms	gemcitabine	Humans	serum		25875794	Multivariate analysis revealed that a high glycan 9200 concentration was an independent risk factor for shorter TTP (hazard ratio, 2.11; 95% confidence interval, 1.07-4.17) and poor overall survival (hazard ratio, 2.56; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-6.19).
fucosylated	increased level	paraoxonase 1		Aryldialkylphosphatase|PON1 protein, human				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	serum		25702281	Serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is highly fucosylated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) compared with liver cirrhosis (LC).
fucosylated	increased level	paraoxonase 1		Aryldialkylphosphatase|PON1 protein, human				diagnostic	liver cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		human	serum		25702281	Serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is highly fucosylated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) compared with liver cirrhosis (LC).
Neu5Acalpha2,6Gal	decreased level								maturation			Macrobrachium rosenbergii	hemocytes	Hemocytes	11574287	Maturation of the freshwater prawn induced a decrease or complete loss of Neu5Acalpha2,6Gal residues that were replaced with Neu5Acalpha2,3 molecules in practically all hemocytes from adult organisms.
Neu5,9Ac(2)	decreased level								maturation			Macrobrachium rosenbergii	hemocytes	Hemocytes	11574287	This change was paralleled by a diminution in 9-O-acetyl-neuraminic acid (Neu5,9Ac(2)) expression.
AFP-L3	altered level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		27272472	Capillary electrophoresis on microfluidic chip has enabled the detection of different glycoform types of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), a serum biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma.
Glycated albumin	unaltered level	Serum Albumin		Serum Albumin|Glycated Serum Albumin				monitoring	type 2 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Human	serum		21153482	Glycated albumin (GA) is recognized as a reliable marker for short-term glycemic monitoring in diabetic patients.
GA/A1c ratio	increased ratio	Serum Albumin|hemoglobin A1c protein, human		Serum Albumin|hemoglobin A1c protein, human				monitoring	type 2 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Human	serum		21153482	The GA/A1c ratio tended to increase as A1c increased.
40-kDa variant of α-1-antitrypsin	increased level	α-1-antitrypsin		alpha 1-Antitrypsin				diagnostic	HIV infection	HIV Infections		Humans	plasma		20859951	Furthermore, this 40-kDa variant of α-1-antitrypsin found in the plasma of HIV-positive individuals may prove to be a potentially useful biomarker for anti-HIV research according to bioinformatics analysis.
130-kDa isoform of α-1-antitrypsin	decreased level	α-1-antitrypsin		alpha 1-Antitrypsin				diagnostic	HIV infection	HIV Infections		Humans	plasma		20859951	Among these, the 130-kDa isoform of α-1-antitrypsin was found to be decreased in HIV-positive patients while another variant with a molecular weight of 40 kDa was increased.
PrP glycosylation	altered level	PrP		Prions				diagnostic|monitoring	Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease	Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid		22558368	Analysis of the PrP expression pattern in CSF revealed a reduction in PrP levels in all CJD cases, as well as marked changes in its glycosylation pattern.
N-glycan	altered level	CD68		CD68 antigen, human				diagnostic	atherosclerosis			Humans	monocyte-derived macrophages	Macrophages	9409300	Digestion with N-glycosidase F demonstrated that both CD68 and the Ox-LDL binding protein are glycoproteins; both showed a similar shift of approximately 18 kD in apparent molecular weight.
N-linked glycans	unaltered level	CD2		CD2 Antigens					T cell activation	Lymphocyte Activation		Human	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	11376005	Mapping studies using CD2 point mutation, deletion, and chimeric molecules suggest that conformational change in the CD2 ectodomain participates in inducible raft association and excludes the membrane-proximal N-linked glycans, the transmembrane segment, and the CD2 cytoplasmic region (residues 8-117) as necessary for translocation.
N-linked glycan at asparagine 197	loss of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection	HIV-1		canine	CD4-negative cells expressing CCR5	Cell Line	11238869	Here we show that elimination of a single glycosylation site at asparagine 197 in the V1/V2 stem is sufficient for CD4-independent gp120 binding to CCR5 and for HIV-1 entry into CD4-negative cells expressing CCR5.
glycosylated homodimer	acquisition of structure	ICOS		Icos protein, mouse								mouse	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	10760791	On the cell surface, muICOS is expressed as a disulfide-linked, glycosylated homodimer of 47-57 kDa, with subunits of approximately 26 kDa.
Glycosylation	undetermined	CTLA-4		CTLA-4 Antigen								Dogs		Dogs	10663567	
N-linked oligosaccharide decorated with sialic acid	altered level	PCPE1		PCOLCE protein, human				diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	serum		19361460	Furthermore, in adults with breast cancer, the glycopattern intensity correlated with the presence of bone metastasis.
N-linked oligosaccharide decorated with sialic acid	altered level	PCPE1		PCOLCE protein, human				diagnostic	metabolic bone diseases			human	serum		19361460	Studies are currently underway to determine its appearance in the serum of normal population on one hand and its appearance during growth and metabolic bone diseases on the other hand.
LacdiNAc	altered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic|prognostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		28134773	The aim of this study to examine whether the serum LacdiNAc carrying prostate-specific antigen-glycosylation isomer (PSA-Gi) and WFA-reactivity of tumor tissue can be applied as a diagnostic and prognostic marker of prostate cancer (PCa).
LacdiNAc	altered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				prognostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	prostate tumor	Prostate	28134773	Serum PSA-Gi levels and WFA-reactivity on prostate tumor may be a novel diagnostic and pre- and post-operative prognostic biomarkers of PCa, respectively.
N-glycans bordering the CD4bs	decreased level	HIV-1 envelope (Env) glycoprotein		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus				response	HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	B-Lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes	30395637	Targeted deletion of a subset of N-glycans bordering the CD4bs, combined with Man5 enrichment of remaining N-linked glycans that are otherwise processed into larger complex-type glycans, rendered HIV-1 426c Env-pseudotyped virus (subtype C, transmitted/founder) highly susceptible to neutralization by near germline forms of VRC01-class bnAbs.
Man5 enrichment of remaining N-linked glycans	increased level	HIV-1 envelope (Env) glycoprotein		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus				response	HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	B-Lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes	30395637	Targeted deletion of a subset of N-glycans bordering the CD4bs, combined with Man5 enrichment of remaining N-linked glycans that are otherwise processed into larger complex-type glycans, rendered HIV-1 426c Env-pseudotyped virus (subtype C, transmitted/founder) highly susceptible to neutralization by near germline forms of VRC01-class bnAbs.
MRX	increased level							diagnostic	hyperglycemia	Hyperglycemia		Rats	serum|urinary protein		9600104	Significantly higher levels of MRX were observed from the serum (p < 0.005) and urinary protein (p < 0.001) of OLETF rats in comparison with those of LETO rats.
fucosylated-sialylated glycans	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		38994555	The DIA strategy established one of the deepest Hp-glycosylation landscapes (1029 glycopeptides, 130 glycans) across serum samples, including 54 glycopeptides exclusively detected in HCC patients.
hybrid monosialylated triantennary glycopeptide on the N-184 site	increased ratio	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		38994555	Quantitation analysis revealed 48 glycopeptides significantly enriched in HCC (p < 0.05), including a hybrid monosialylated triantennary glycopeptide on the N-184 site with nearly none-to-all elevation to differentiate HCC from the HBV group (HCC/HBV ratio: 2462 ± 766, p < 0.05).
glycosphingolipids	increased level								congenital disorder of glycosylation Ia	Carbohydrate Metabolism, Inborn Errors		Humans	fibroblasts	Fibroblasts	12409508	First, we found that CDG-Ia fibroblasts contain an increased amount of total GSLs when compared with normal fibroblasts.
O-glycans	increased level	inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4		inter-alpha-inhibitor				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	urine		23417432	When image analysis was performed on urinary proteins that were transferred onto NC membranes and detected using a lectin that binds to O-glycans, a truncated fragment of inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain 4 was the sole protein found to be significantly enhanced in the PCa patients compared to the controls.
(β-1,4) triantennary N-linked glycan	decreased level	Apo-J		CLU protein, human|Clusterin				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	serum		21467232	Apo-J in the serum from patients with HCC had decreased levels of (β-1,4) triantennary N-linked glycan compared with the healthy controls or patients with liver cirrhosis.
α-1,6-fucosylated	altered level	Prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	tissue		39020051	Alterations in the glycosylation status of PSA, including fucosylation, may offer scope for an improved biomarker.
cancer-associated glycan	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	serum		17417647	By profiling both protein and glycan variation in multiple samples using parallel sandwich and glycan-detection assays, we found cancer-associated glycan alteration on the proteins MUC1 and CEA in the serum of pancreatic cancer patients.
cancer-associated glycan	altered level	CEA		Carcinoembryonic Antigen					pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	serum		17417647	By profiling both protein and glycan variation in multiple samples using parallel sandwich and glycan-detection assays, we found cancer-associated glycan alteration on the proteins MUC1 and CEA in the serum of pancreatic cancer patients.
N-glycans	undetermined	Carcinoembryonic Antigen Cell Adhesion Molecule 1		Antigens, CD|CD66 antigens|Cell Adhesion Molecules|Glycoproteins								Human	N-terminal domain		36417668	The N-terminal domain from human Carcinoembryonic Antigen Cell Adhesion Molecule 1, hCEACAM1-Ig1, was used as the model glycoprotein in this study.
O-glycan Core 1	loss of structure	Gp38 protein, mouse		Gp38 protein, mouse	Cosmc protein, mouse		Cosmc protein, mouse	response	cancer	Antigens, Neoplasm|Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate	monoclonal antibody therapy	mouse	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	17038624	A somatic mutation in the chaperone gene Cosmc abolished function of a glycosyltransferase, disrupting O-glycan Core 1 synthesis and creating a tumor-specific glycopeptidic neo-epitope consisting of a monosaccharide and a specific wild-type protein sequence.
α2,3-linked sialylation	increased level	Prostate specific antigen	KLK3	KLK3 protein, human|Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	Prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Human	Serum		24814705	We previously identified prostate cancer (PCa)-associated aberrant glycosylation of PSA, where α2,3-linked sialylation is an additional terminal N-glycan on free PSA (S2,3PSA).
sialyl-Tn	acquisition of structure	GLUT1	SLC2A1	Glucose Transporter Type 1|SLC2A1 protein, human				prognostic	Esophageal cancer	Esophageal Neoplasms		Humans	tumor tissues	Tumor Cells, Cultured	33562270	GLUT1-STn glycoproteoforms were latter identified in tumor tissues in patients facing worst prognosis.
sialyl-Tn	acquisition of structure							prognostic	Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma	Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma		Humans	esophageal squamous cell carcinomas	Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma	33562270	STn was found to be widely present in ESCC (70% of tumors) and in CTCs in 20% of patients, being associated with general recurrence and reduced survival.
fucosylated Type 2 (Le(y) and Le(x) and H type 2) blood group structures	undetermined	CA 125		CA-125 Antigen					ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cells		9180155	The biochemical properties of the purified antigen are characteristic of a mucin-type glycoprotein: (1) the molecule is highly glycosylated (77% w/w), mainly with galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, and N-acetylgalactosamine, (2) the protein moiety is rich in serine, threonine and proline, (3) many of the serine and threonine residues are glycosylated, (4) the glycan chains are almost entirely O-linked, with core 2 [Galbeta1 --> 3(GlcNAcbeta1 --> 6)GalNAc] structures predominating and (5) these chains carry fucosylated Type 2 (Le(y) and Le(x) and H type 2) blood group structures.
fucose	decreased level	Prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		16177264	In comparison with seminal plasma PSA, the fucose content of PSA from the PCa patient serum was significantly lower and there was a decrease in alpha2,3-linked sialic acid.
alpha2,3-linked sialic acid	decreased level	Prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		16177264	In comparison with seminal plasma PSA, the fucose content of PSA from the PCa patient serum was significantly lower and there was a decrease in alpha2,3-linked sialic acid.
sialyl-Lewis x	increased level							diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		16177264	By comparing the glycans released from the total glycoproteins in PCa patient serum with those of normal serum we found an increase in the proportion of sialyl-Lewis x structures.
advanced glycation end-products	acquisition of structure								diabetes				pancreatic β-cells	Insulin-Secreting Cells	27822918	The results suggest that FA is capable of protecting β-cells from MG-induced cell damage during diabetes.
N-linked oligosaccharides	loss of structure	chorionic gonadotropin beta subunit		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human								Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	7538125	The inefficient folding of hCG-beta lacking both N-linked glycans correlated with the slow formation of the last three disulfide bonds (i.e. disulfides 23-72, 93-100, and 26-110) to form in the hCG-beta-folding pathway.
glycated albumin	increased level	albumin		Glycated Serum Albumin				monitoring	type 1 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1	insulin therapy	Humans	plasma		10488968	The conventional group showed a significant higher (p < 0.001) level of the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) or the glycated albumin (GA), a higher (P < 0.01) DAO activity (2-fold of the peak level), which was observed 10-30 min after the heparin injection, and a higher (P < 0.01) plasma plant sterol levels (1.5-fold) compared with those in the other two groups, respectively.
glycated albumin	decreased level	albumin		Glycated Serum Albumin				monitoring	type 1 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1	insulin therapy	Humans	plasma		10488968	Furthermore, the acute glycemic control by the changes of insulin regimen from conventional to intensive showed a significant reduction of the DAO activity and plant sterols in the same patients.
sialylation	acquisition of structure	ICAM-2		ICAM2 protein, human					impaired adhesion of leukocytes			human	platelets	Blood Platelets	15673159	These findings demonstrated that physiologic sialylation of platelet ICAM-2 renders it less able than endothelial ICAM-2 to support adherence of leukocytes.
glycan nodes	altered level				ST6Gal-I		Glycosyltransferases	diagnostic|predictive	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		Humans	blood plasma		23368525	Two glycan nodes provided novel evidence for altered ST6Gal-I and GnT-IV glycotransferase activities in lung cancer patients.
glycan nodes	altered level				GnT-IV		Glycosyltransferases	diagnostic|predictive	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		Humans	blood plasma		23368525	Two glycan nodes provided novel evidence for altered ST6Gal-I and GnT-IV glycotransferase activities in lung cancer patients.
N-linked glycosylation site	loss of structure	CD22		CD22 protein, human	beta-galactoside alpha2, 6-sialyltransferase				B lymphocyte-specific adhesion	Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte		Human	B lymphocyte	Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte	8702538	We show that mutation of a single potential N-linked glycosylation site in the first immunoglobulin domain of CD22 completely abrogates ligand recognition.
N-linked glycosylation site	acquisition of structure	CD33		CD33 protein, human					sialic acid binding activity			Human	Myelomonocytic cell	Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic	8702538	In contrast, mutation of a NCS motif in the first Ig domain of the I-type lectin CD33 unmasked its sialic acid binding activity.
CD83 glycosylation	altered level	CD83		Antigens, CD|CD83 Antigen					Dendritic cells maturation	Dendritic Cells		Humans	Dendritic cells	Dendritic Cells	25701785	DCs maturation induces endogenous CD83 protein expression with simultaneous regulation of CD83 glycosylation, interaction and co-localization with GRASP55 and CD83 surface exposure.
glycosylation	undetermined				Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4		type II diabetes		Inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV)	Humans		Humans	12906826	Inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV), the main glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1)-degrading enzyme, has been proposed for the treatment of type II diabetes.
N-glycan	increased level	Carcinoembryonic antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen				diagnostic	adenocarcinomas			Pichia pastoris	culture supernatant		10574697	Peptide N-glycosidase F treatment revealed that the recombinant protein was heavily glycosylated but expressed as a single polypeptide of 28 kDa with no evidence of proteolytic degradation.
glycosylation	loss of structure	CD4		CD4 Antigens					incorrect folding			Humans	HeLa cells	HeLa Cells	1737783	Finally, we showed that unglycosylated CD4 produced in HeLa cells was incorrectly folded and retained intracellularly, probably in the endoplasmic reticulum.
glycosylation	loss of structure	CD4		CD4 Antigens					retained intracellularly			Humans	HeLa cells	HeLa Cells	1737783	Finally, we showed that unglycosylated CD4 produced in HeLa cells was incorrectly folded and retained intracellularly, probably in the endoplasmic reticulum.
N-linked carbohydrate	undetermined	Fc epsilon R II		Receptors, Fc|Receptors, IgE								Humans	B lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes	2971725	The 45-kDa component appears to be a glycoprotein containing several sialic acid residues, O-linked carbohydrates and one N-linked carbohydrate chain that is of the complex type.
fucosylated alpha-fetoprotein	altered level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	serum		33764665	Fucosylation of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is closely correlated with the diagnosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
fucosylated alpha-fetoprotein	altered level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins					cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		human	serum		33764665	For this purpose, serum samples were used (cirrhosis, n = 105; HCC, n = 105), and we have discussed the analytical performance of these two methods.
N-glycosylation	unaltered level	PD-1		PDCD1 protein, human|Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor					Cancer	Neoplasms	Nivolumab	Human			28165004	Here we report the complex structure of nivolumab with PD-1 and evaluate the effects of PD-1 N-glycosylation on the interactions with nivolumab.
hyperglycosylated hCG	unaltered level	human chorionic gonadotropin		Chorionic Gonadotropin				diagnostic	persistent trophoblastic disease	Trophoblastic Neoplasms		human	serum		16711513	The diagnostic accuracy of ITA was moderate (0.618) and not different from that of free hCGbeta (0.610) and hCG+hCGbeta (0.622).
Tn	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater	Common Bile Duct Neoplasms		Humans	carcinoma tissues		8766528	Tn and sialosyl-Tn antigens showed high expression rates in the carcinoma tissues (86% and 84% each), whereas they showed rare or no expression in the non-neoplastic epithelium around the carcinomas, except for highly restricted expression in the duodenal villous epithelium.
sialosyl-Tn	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	carcinoma of the ampulla of Vater	Common Bile Duct Neoplasms		Humans	carcinoma tissues		8766528	Tn and sialosyl-Tn antigens showed high expression rates in the carcinoma tissues (86% and 84% each), whereas they showed rare or no expression in the non-neoplastic epithelium around the carcinomas, except for highly restricted expression in the duodenal villous epithelium.
Tn antigen	altered level				ppGalNAc-T		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases		Cestode Infections	Cestode Infections		Mesocestoides vogae	tegument|parenchymal cells|lateral nerve cords		17892882	In this work, focused on the initiation pathway of mucin-type O-glycosylation in M. vogae, we characterized O-glycoproteins bearing the simple mucin-type cancer-associated Tn and sialyl-Tn antigens, and the expression and activity of ppGalNAc-T, the key enzyme responsible for the first step of mucin-type O-glycosylation.
sialyl-Tn antigen	altered level				ppGalNAc-T		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases		Cestode Infections	Cestode Infections		Mesocestoides vogae	tegument|parenchymal cells		17892882	In this work, focused on the initiation pathway of mucin-type O-glycosylation in M. vogae, we characterized O-glycoproteins bearing the simple mucin-type cancer-associated Tn and sialyl-Tn antigens, and the expression and activity of ppGalNAc-T, the key enzyme responsible for the first step of mucin-type O-glycosylation.
sialyl-Lewis a	decreased level				beta 3Gal-T5		B3GALT5 protein, human	diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Adenocarcinoma		human	pancreas adenocarcinoma cell line BxPC3	Tumor Cells, Cultured	14686931	Both beta 1,3Gal-T activity and sLea expression are dramatically impaired in the clone.
sialyl-Lewis x	increased level				beta 3Gal-T5		B3GALT5 protein, human	diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Adenocarcinoma		human	pancreas adenocarcinoma cell line BxPC3	Tumor Cells, Cultured	14686931	Furthermore, BxPC3 cells secrete sLea in the culture media but not sLex, while antisense clone secretes mostly sLex, and accumulation of both antigens is prevented by benzyl-alpha-GalNAc.
NeuAcalpha2,6(Galbeta1,3)GalNAcalpha-Ser/Thr	decreased level	MUC1		Mucin-1	core 2 beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase		pancreatic adenocarcinoma	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	Panc1-MUC1 cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	10455130	Increased C2GnT expression led to greatly diminished expression of the CC49 epitope, which we identified as NeuAcalpha2,6(Galbeta1,3)GalNAcalpha-Ser/Thr in the Panc1-MUC1 cells.
sialyl Lewis x (NeuAcalpha2,3Galbeta1,4(Fucalpha1,3)GlcNAc-R)	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1	core 2 beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase		pancreatic adenocarcinoma	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	Panc1-MUC1 cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	10455130	This was accompanied by the emergence of the CSLEX-1 epitope, sialyl Lewis x (NeuAcalpha2,3Galbeta1,4(Fucalpha1,3)GlcNAc-R), an important selectin ligand.
paucimannosidic N-linked oligosaccharides	acquisition of structure	chimeric CD19 antibody		Antibodies, Monoclonal				response	leukemia			human	leukemia-derived cell line|primary blasts	Cell Line|	16531813	The insect cell product triggered stronger antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of a human leukemia-derived cell line than the product from non-re-engineered 293 T cells and was equally effective at 50- to 100-fold lower concentrations.
bisecting N-acetylglucosamine	increased level	chimeric CD19 antibody		Antibodies, Monoclonal	beta1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III			response	leukemia			human	leukemia-derived cell line|primary blasts	Cell Line|	16531813	After co-expression with GnTIII in human cells, the antibody carried an eightfold greater percentage of oligosaccharides with a bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (78.7% versus 9.6%) and a 30-fold increased proportion of bisecting, defucosylated oligosaccharides (15.9% versus 0.5%).
NGA2FB	increased level								Metabolic syndrome	Metabolic Syndrome		Humans	serum		31158451	Significantly elevated levels of NGA2FB (peak 2) and NA3F (peak 9) and lower level of the α(1,6)-arm monogalactosylated (NG1(6)A2F) (peak 3) were demonstrated in women with MetS compared to their healthier peers (p < 0.05).
NA3F	increased level								Metabolic syndrome	Metabolic Syndrome		Humans	serum		31158451	Significantly elevated levels of NGA2FB (peak 2) and NA3F (peak 9) and lower level of the α(1,6)-arm monogalactosylated (NG1(6)A2F) (peak 3) were demonstrated in women with MetS compared to their healthier peers (p < 0.05).
NG1(6)A2F	decreased level								Metabolic syndrome	Metabolic Syndrome		Humans	serum		31158451	Significantly elevated levels of NGA2FB (peak 2) and NA3F (peak 9) and lower level of the α(1,6)-arm monogalactosylated (NG1(6)A2F) (peak 3) were demonstrated in women with MetS compared to their healthier peers (p < 0.05).
N-linked oligosaccharide chains containing sialic acid residues	undetermined	CD38		CD38 protein, human|Cd38 protein, mouse								Human	T lymphocytes|thymocytes|plasma cells	T-Lymphocytes||Plasma Cells	1695648	These results clearly show the glycoprotein nature of CD38 molecule, which includes 2 to 4 N-linked oligosaccharide chains containing sialic acid residues.
N-glycan	altered level	Fc receptor III		Receptors, Fc|Receptors, IgG					biallelic, neutrophil antigen (NA) system			human	neutrophils	Neutrophils	2523415	We characterized Fc receptor III (FcR III) on human neutrophils and found it to be heavily glycosylated and polymorphic.
hyperglucosylation	unaltered level	E2		Viral Envelope Proteins					Hepatitis C	Hepacivirus		insect	insect cells	Cell Line	10891408	Furthermore, E2 protein expressed in insect cells in the presence of N-butyldeoxynojirimycin, an inhibitor of terminal glucose residue processing, formed complexes with E1 and bound to CD81-EC2 similarly to untreated protein.
O-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	CD8 glycoprotein		CD8 Antigens|Glycoproteins								Humans	tissue cultured cells	Cells, Cultured	10704241	strongly suggests that the O -glycosylation process starts after the intermediate compartment, presumably in the cis -Golgi complex.
N-linked carbohydrate	altered level	CD24		CD24 Antigen					hematopoietic development			Rats	B-Lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes	9064284	N-Deglycosylation of cell lysates from lymphoid organs reduced the signal in the 35-70 kDa range, without appearance of lower MW HIS50-reactive species.
N-linked carbohydrate	altered level	CD24		CD24 Antigen					neural cell development			Rats	B-Lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes	9064284	N-Deglycosylation of cell lysates from lymphoid organs reduced the signal in the 35-70 kDa range, without appearance of lower MW HIS50-reactive species.
LeX	increased level	α5β1 integrin		Integrin alpha5beta1	FUT4		FUT4 protein, human|Fucosyltransferases	prognostic	acute lymphoblastic leukemia	Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma		human	leukemia cells	Humans	30683310	Here, we demonstrated that LeX, a well-characterized cancer-related glycan epitope, strengthened the cell-matrix interaction via glycosylating α5β1 integrin under the control of the driver oncogenic Ikaros isoform (IK6) in ALL.
differentially glycosylated	undetermined	EA 1							T-Lymphocyte activation	Lymphocyte Activation		Humans	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	3264302	Diagonal gel electrophoresis showed that the major band of EA 1 was composed of a series of disulfide-linked homodimers with subunits of the same 24-kDa core protein that were differentially glycosylated.
beta1,6-branched polylactosamine sugars	increased level	CD147		Basigin	N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V				invasive tumor	Cell Line, Tumor		human	tumor cells	Cell Line, Tumor	15201341	Therefore, CD147, which is itself elevated on invasive tumor cells, may make a major contribution to the abundance of beta1,6-branched polylactosamine sugars that appear on invasive tumor cells.
deglycosylated	acquisition of structure	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen								Human	CHO cells	CHO Cells	11087680	Recombinant wild-type proPSA produced in CHO cells has an average MW of 34.5 kDa, whereas the deglycosylated proPSA has a MW of 32.4 kDa.
glycosylation	undetermined	ecto-ATPase		ectoATPase								Human	COS cells	COS Cells	11087120	Like other members of the eNTPDase family, the human ecto-ATPase is a tetramer, the activity of which depends on its glycosylation.
Glycosylation	altered level							diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	tumor cells	Neoplasms	12725528	Based on their altered expression in tumor cells, kallikreins may be involved in the pathogenesis and/or progression of cancer.
Tn-MUC1	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				response	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity	human	breast cancer tissue and cell lines	Breast Neoplasms|MCF-7 Cells	22878593	Aberrantly glycosylated MUC1 is expressed on the surface of breast cancer cells and a target for antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity suggesting that antibodies targeting glycopeptide epitopes on mucins are strong candidates for cancer-specific immunotherapies.
sialic acid residues on N- and O-linked carbohydrates	altered level	2B4 (CD244)		CD244 protein, human					tumor			human	NK cells	Killer Cells, Natural	21606496	The differential glycosylation could be attributed to sialic acid residues on N- and O-linked carbohydrates.
N-linked glycosylation	acquisition of structure	2B4 (CD244)		CD244 protein, human					tumor			human	NK cells	Killer Cells, Natural	21606496	Using a recombinant fusion protein of the extracellular domain of 2B4, we demonstrate that N-linked glycosylation of 2B4 is essential for the binding to its ligand CD48.
sialylation	loss of structure	2B4 (CD244)		CD244 protein, human					tumor			human	NK cells	Killer Cells, Natural	21606496	In contrast, sialylation of 2B4 has a negative impact on ligand binding, as the interaction between 2B4 and CD48 is increased after the removal of sialic acids.
PECAM-1	altered level	PECAM-1		Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1					inflammatory response			Humans	plasma		8006026	In parallel with soluble forms of other cell adhesion molecules, soluble PECAM-1 may play a role in modulating the inflammatory response.
α2-6 sialylated N-glycans	acquisition of structure				ST6GAL1		ST6GAL1 protein, human|beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase	prognostic	prostate cancer bone metastasis		sialic acid blockade	Humans|Mice	tumour and serum samples	Cell Line, Tumor	38772281	ST6GAL1 is upregulated in patients with prostate cancer with tumours that have spread to the bone and can promote prostate cancer bone metastasis in vivo.
N-linked carbohydrates	altered level	dipeptidyl peptidase IV		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4								human	intestinal Caco-2 and HT-29 cells	Caco-2 Cells|Cell Line	11773049	The apical sorting of human intestinal dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) occurs through complex N-linked and O-linked carbohydrates.
O-linked carbohydrates	altered level	dipeptidyl peptidase IV		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4								human	intestinal Caco-2 and HT-29 cells	Caco-2 Cells|Cell Line	11773049	The apical sorting of human intestinal dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPPIV) occurs through complex N-linked and O-linked carbohydrates.
N-linked oligosaccharides	undetermined	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins								bovine	protein		18218191	The glycans of the model protein, bovine fetuin, are identified following comparison of elution patterns of seven 2-AB-labeled glycan standards, of which two are of the high-mannose type and five are of the complex type.
Man8/9 N-glycans	increased level	HCV envelope proteins		Viral Envelope Proteins					Hepatitis C	Hepatitis C	therapeutic strategy against HCV	Humans	liver cells	Liver	24766301	Our results indicated that DC-SIGN, L-SIGN, and Langerin had higher affinity to recombinant HCV envelope proteins in the presence of calcium ions than non-lectin receptors, and envelope proteins with Man8/9 N-glycans showed approximate 10-fold better binding to lectin receptors than envelope proteins with Man5 and complex type N-glycans.
Man5 N-glycans	increased level	HCV envelope proteins		Viral Envelope Proteins					Hepatitis C	Hepatitis C	therapeutic strategy against HCV	Humans	liver cells	Liver	24766301	Interestingly, comparing among glycoforms, recombinant envelope proteins with Man5 N-glycans showed the highest binding affinity when interacting with non-lectin receptors.
IgG fucosylation	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				risk	carotid atherosclerosis	Carotid Artery Diseases		Humans	serum		39487405	After propensity score matching, the relative abundance of IgG fucosylation in CAS cases was significantly lower than that in controls [95.32 (92.96, 95.99) vs. 95.96 (94.70, 96.58), P = 0.022].
Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer	increased level							predictive	posthepatectomy liver failure	Liver Failure|Postoperative Complications		Human	serum		27355265	The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) for the prediction of posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.
Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer	increased level							predictive	hepatitis C virus infection			Human	serum		27355265	Notably, in patients with HCV infection, the predictive ability of M2BPGi for PHLF (AUROC 0.85) was the best among the preoperative parameters.
sialoglycans	increased level							response	cancer		CAR T-cells treatment	human	cancer cells		32391973	It has been shown that cancer cells can implement strategies to evade immune response that include the expression of inhibitory ligands, such as hypersialylated proteins (sialoglycans) on their surface.
glycation	increased level	insulin receptor		Receptor, Insulin					diabetes						29207492	Glycation of the IR may therefore provide a mechanism by which INS resistance develops in diabetes.
protein acetylation	increased level								ketogenic diet	Diet, Ketogenic		C57Bl/6J male mice	liver	Liver	28514599	Compared with the standard diet, the ketogenic diet increased cytosolic and mitochondrial protein acetylation and also altered protein succinylation patterns.
protein succinylation	altered level								ketogenic diet	Diet, Ketogenic		C57Bl/6J male mice	liver	Liver	28514599	Compared with the standard diet, the ketogenic diet increased cytosolic and mitochondrial protein acetylation and also altered protein succinylation patterns.
fucosylated glycoform	increased level	alpha-1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic	adenocarcinoma lung cancer	Adenocarcinoma|Lung Neoplasms		Human	plasma		24780727	From the MRM MS data the abundance levels of AAL-captured glycoforms of both targets were significantly higher in ADLC cases compared to controls, although the levels in total protein abundance were comparable between ADLC and control groups.
fucosylated glycoform	increased level	ceruloplasmin		Ceruloplasmin				diagnostic	adenocarcinoma lung cancer	Adenocarcinoma|Lung Neoplasms		Human	plasma		24780727	From the MRM MS data the abundance levels of AAL-captured glycoforms of both targets were significantly higher in ADLC cases compared to controls, although the levels in total protein abundance were comparable between ADLC and control groups.
glycated CD59	increased level	CD59		CD59 protein, human				diagnostic|monitoring|predictive|response|risk	diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2	insulin therapy	human	blood		24628556	We hypothesized that circulating soluble glycated CD59 (GCD59) represents a novel biomarker of blood glucose handling and aimed to conduct human study protocols to test this hypothesis.
glycosylated CD133	increased level	CD133		AC133 Antigen|Antigens, CD|Glycoproteins|PROM1 protein, human					glioblastoma multiforme	Brain Neoplasms|Glioma		human	glioma stem cells	Neoplastic Stem Cells	23340741	Hypoxia significantly increased the percentage of CD133+ cells from 69% to 92% using CD133/1 (p<0.005).
N-linked glycoproteins	altered level	tear proteins		tear proteins				diagnostic	eye diseases			Humans	Tears	Tears	23296539	Changes in tear composition may reflect the health of the epithelial cells lining the ocular surface and they have been shown to be useful to discover biomarkers for eye diseases.
glycation	unaltered level							diagnostic	type 2 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans		Humans	21402800	Protein oxidation and truncation (owing to modified enzymatic activity) are able to distinguish between subsets of diabetic patients with or without a history of myocardial infarction and/or congestive heart failure where markers of glycation alone cannot.
glycation	unaltered level							diagnostic	cardiovascular disease			Humans		Humans	21402800	Protein oxidation and truncation (owing to modified enzymatic activity) are able to distinguish between subsets of diabetic patients with or without a history of myocardial infarction and/or congestive heart failure where markers of glycation alone cannot.
N-glycosylated clusterin	increased level	clusterin		CLU protein, human|Clusterin				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	serum		16854844	Surprisingly analysis of the FI fraction revealed the existence of an unexpected and aberrantly N-glycosylated clusterin that was overexpressed in patients and comprised at least five isoforms with different isoelectric points.
N-glycosylated clusterin	decreased level	clusterin		CLU protein, human|Clusterin				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	serum		16854844	On the other hand, two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis of the clusterin eluted in FII detected one isoform that was increased and 15 isoforms that were decreased or absent in serum of patients.
galactosylated	acquisition of structure	α-1-antitrypsin		alpha 1-Antitrypsin				diagnostic	non-small-cell lung cancer	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung		Humans	serum		25347993	We found that galactosylated A1AT could distinguish non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from benign pulmonary diseases (AUC = 0.834); fucosylated A1AT showed exceptional capability in distinguishing ADC from benign diseases (AUC = 0.919) or other lung cancer subtypes (AUC = 0.844), and A1AT containing poly-LacNAc could detect SCLC from benign diseases (AUC = 0.905) or NSCLC (AUC = 0.707).
fucosylated	acquisition of structure	α-1-antitrypsin		alpha 1-Antitrypsin				diagnostic	adenocarcinoma			Humans	serum		25347993	We found that galactosylated A1AT could distinguish non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from benign pulmonary diseases (AUC = 0.834); fucosylated A1AT showed exceptional capability in distinguishing ADC from benign diseases (AUC = 0.919) or other lung cancer subtypes (AUC = 0.844), and A1AT containing poly-LacNAc could detect SCLC from benign diseases (AUC = 0.905) or NSCLC (AUC = 0.707).
poly-LacNAc	acquisition of structure	α-1-antitrypsin		alpha 1-Antitrypsin				diagnostic	small-cell lung cancer			Humans	serum		25347993	We found that galactosylated A1AT could distinguish non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) from benign pulmonary diseases (AUC = 0.834); fucosylated A1AT showed exceptional capability in distinguishing ADC from benign diseases (AUC = 0.919) or other lung cancer subtypes (AUC = 0.844), and A1AT containing poly-LacNAc could detect SCLC from benign diseases (AUC = 0.905) or NSCLC (AUC = 0.707).
O-glycosylation	altered level				glycosyltransferases		Glycosyltransferases	predictive|prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	colon		27781489	Altered glycosyltransferases in colorectal cancer.
glycation	acquisition of structure	transferrin		Transferrin					diabetes mellitus			human	serum		24716439	However, the spontaneous reaction of reducing sugars with protein amino groups, known as glycation, has been shown to compromise the action of Tf (transferrin), the systemic iron transporter.
alpha GalNAc	unaltered level	secretory glycoproteins		Glycoproteins							sympathetic nerve stimulation	rat	submandibular gland	Submandibular Gland	8064133	Our results show that (a) secretory glycoproteins from rat submandibular acinar cells are non-fucosylated and contain abundant alpha GalNAc and NeuAc and a small proportion of beta Gal in their oligosaccharide side chains, and (b) alpha Fuc, NeuAc, beta Gal, and alpha GalNAc form the major carbohydrate moieties of the secretory glycoproteins from granular tubules.
NeuAc	unaltered level	secretory glycoproteins		Glycoproteins							sympathetic nerve stimulation	rat	submandibular gland	Submandibular Gland	8064133	Our results show that (a) secretory glycoproteins from rat submandibular acinar cells are non-fucosylated and contain abundant alpha GalNAc and NeuAc and a small proportion of beta Gal in their oligosaccharide side chains, and (b) alpha Fuc, NeuAc, beta Gal, and alpha GalNAc form the major carbohydrate moieties of the secretory glycoproteins from granular tubules.
beta Gal	unaltered level	secretory glycoproteins		Glycoproteins							sympathetic nerve stimulation	rat	submandibular gland	Submandibular Gland	8064133	Our results show that (a) secretory glycoproteins from rat submandibular acinar cells are non-fucosylated and contain abundant alpha GalNAc and NeuAc and a small proportion of beta Gal in their oligosaccharide side chains, and (b) alpha Fuc, NeuAc, beta Gal, and alpha GalNAc form the major carbohydrate moieties of the secretory glycoproteins from granular tubules.
alpha Fuc	unaltered level	secretory glycoproteins		Glycoproteins							sympathetic nerve stimulation	rat	submandibular gland	Submandibular Gland	8064133	Our results show that (a) secretory glycoproteins from rat submandibular acinar cells are non-fucosylated and contain abundant alpha GalNAc and NeuAc and a small proportion of beta Gal in their oligosaccharide side chains, and (b) alpha Fuc, NeuAc, beta Gal, and alpha GalNAc form the major carbohydrate moieties of the secretory glycoproteins from granular tubules.
N-linked glycans	unaltered level	T cell receptor		Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell					pertussis	Pertussis Toxin		Humans	T-Lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	22551306	Moreover, PTx is able to activate signaling by binding either N-linked or O-linked glycan-modified receptors as the TCR displays N-linked glycans while CD8ζ displays O-linked glycans.
O-linked glycans	unaltered level	CD8ζ		CD8 Antigens					pertussis	Pertussis Toxin		Humans	T-Lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	22551306	Moreover, PTx is able to activate signaling by binding either N-linked or O-linked glycan-modified receptors as the TCR displays N-linked glycans while CD8ζ displays O-linked glycans.
N-glycan	altered level	alphabetaTCR.CD3 complex		Receptor-CD3 Complex, Antigen, T-Cell				diagnostic	graft rejection		immunosuppression	human	CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes	T-Lymphocyte Subsets	18653700	We have also produced data supporting that differential glycosylation of the two main T cell subsets is involved in the observed TCR.CD3 antibody-binding differences in humans.
O-glycosylation	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 tandem repeat peptide|Mucin-1					certain human diseases			Human	Caco2 colon carcinoma cell clones	Caco-2 Cells	12626424	The precise effect of TR number on O-glycosylation is not fully understood, although the TR number of several mucins may be associated with apparent susceptibility to certain human diseases.
GlycA	increased level							risk	heart failure	Heart Failure		Humans	plasma		32762458	Over a median follow-up of 14.0 years, participants in the highest quartile of GlycA, compared with the lowest, experienced increased risk of developing any HF (hazard ratio, 1.48 [95% CI, 1.01-2.18]) in fully adjusted models.
GlycA	increased level							risk	heart failure with preserved ejection fraction			Humans	plasma		32762458	However, this increased risk was only seen for HFpEF (2.18 [1.15-4.13]) and not heart failure with reduced ejection fraction [1.06 (0.63-1.79)].
GlycA	increased level							risk	aortic valve calcification			Humans	plasma		30716566	In cross-sectional analysis, GlycA (per SD increment) was positively associated with prevalent AVC, ATAC and DTAC with adjusted prevalence ratios (95% CI) of 1.08 (1.01-1.14), 1.18 (1.03-1.34) and 1.10 (1.06-1.14), respectively.
GlycA	increased level							risk	thoracic aortic calcification	Aorta, Thoracic		Humans	plasma		30716566	In cross-sectional analysis, GlycA (per SD increment) was positively associated with prevalent AVC, ATAC and DTAC with adjusted prevalence ratios (95% CI) of 1.08 (1.01-1.14), 1.18 (1.03-1.34) and 1.10 (1.06-1.14), respectively.
GlycA	increased level							risk	mitral annular calcification			Humans	plasma		30716566	Longitudinally, GlycA was positively associated with incident MAC and DTAC, with adjusted incidence ratios of 1.18 (1.03-1.37) and 1.17 (1.07-1.28), respectively.
glycosylation isomer of Mac-2 binding protein	increased level	Mac-2 binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic	chronic liver diseases	Liver Diseases		Humans	liver	Liver Cirrhosis	29611383	We explored the usefulness of four novel biomarkers, enhanced liver fibrosis (ELF), glycosylation isomer of Mac-2 binding protein (M2BPGi), galectin-3, and soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2), in association with liver fibrosis.
galactose-deficient IgA1	increased level	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A				diagnostic	IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans	urine		27647947	However, urinary Gd-IgA1 levels were higher in patients with IgAN (IgAN, 28.0 ± 17.9; disease controls, 20.6 ± 17.4 units/mg urinary creatinine; P < 0.0001).
glycated albumin	increased level	albumin		Serum Albumin|Glycated Serum Albumin				diagnostic	peripheral vascular calcification	Calcinosis		human	serum		18760286	This study was to establish the significance of glycated albumin (GA) as a useful marker of peripheral vascular calcification in diabetic HD patients, in comparison with HbA(1C).
glycosylated hemoglobin	increased level	hemoglobin		Glycated Hemoglobin A				risk	type 2 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	blood		22078074	Age and sex matched diabetic patients had an increased micronuclei frequency in response to elevated glycosylation of hemoglobin (R(2)=0.229, p=0.037) compared to normoglycemic subjects.
glycosylation at Asn51 and Asn78 sites	altered level	prostaglandin H2 d-isomerase		prostaglandin R2 D-isomerase					Anderson-Fabry disease	Fabry Disease		Humans	urine		20954982	Possible glycosylation at Asn51 and Asn78 sites of the prostaglandin H2 d-isomerase was detected.
alpha2,6-sialic acid	loss of structure	Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1		Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1					apoptosis	Apoptosis		mouse	endothelial cells	Endothelial Cells	20048157	We also found that the absence of alpha2,6-sialic acid down-regulated the tyrosine phosphorylation of PECAM and recruitment of Src homology 2 domain-containing protein-tyrosine phosphatase 2 and rendered the cells more prone to mitochondrion-dependent apoptosis, as evaluated using PECAM- deficient endothelial cells.
O-glycosylated forms of T cell surface molecules, including CD43	increased level	CD43		Leukosialin					age-related defects in TCR signaling and function	Aging		mouse	CD4(+) T cells	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes	14635057	We show that CD4(+) T cells from old mice express unusually high levels of glycosylated forms of the bulky T cell glycoprotein CD43, particularly on a subset of functionally anergic cells expressing P-glycoprotein.
fructosamine	increased level								NIDDM	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	red cell membrane	Erythrocyte Membrane	12200081	The patient group had lower levels of K(+)(RBC) (P<.001) and Na(+)(s) (P<.05) and RBC count (P<.05), and higher levels of FA(m) (P<.001), Na(+)(RBC) (P<.01), K(+)(s) (P<.01), glucose (P<.001) and HbA(1C) (P<.001) than those of controls.
fructosamine	increased level								NIDDM	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	serum		12200081	The patient group had lower levels of K(+)(RBC) (P<.001) and Na(+)(s) (P<.05) and RBC count (P<.05), and higher levels of FA(m) (P<.001), Na(+)(RBC) (P<.01), K(+)(s) (P<.01), glucose (P<.001) and HbA(1C) (P<.001) than those of controls.
Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer	unaltered level	Mac-2 binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic|monitoring	liver fibrosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Human	serum		30775897	Our aims in this study were to evaluate the performance of the Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi), a liver fibrosis marker, using Sysmex HISCL following user verification guidelines before clinical use.
fructosyl-lysine	increased level	plasma proteins		fructosyl-lysine					cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	blood plasma	Blood Proteins	15582123	There was limited extraction of methylglyoxal-modified proteins in cirrhotic patients and twofold increases in the concentrations of fructosyl-lysine and advanced glycation endproduct residues of plasma protein, with respect to controls.
advanced glycation endproduct	increased level	plasma proteins		Glycation End Products, Advanced					cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	blood plasma	Blood Proteins	15582123	There was limited extraction of methylglyoxal-modified proteins in cirrhotic patients and twofold increases in the concentrations of fructosyl-lysine and advanced glycation endproduct residues of plasma protein, with respect to controls.
N-glycan	decreased level	soluble human interleukin-6 receptor		Receptors, Interleukin-6	peptide N-glycosidase F							Spodoptera	insect cells	Spodoptera	8536717	Deglycosylation with peptide N-glycosidase F resulted in an increase in electrophoretic mobility and a decrease in the apparent molecular mass from 48 kDa to about 41-44 kDa.
N-glycosylation	decreased level	Neutral endopeptidase		Neprilysin									COS-1 cells	Cell Line	8092997	The transport to the cell surface was also reduced by decreased glycosylation, but again the phenomenon appeared more drastic in the case of the soluble form than for the membrane-bound enzyme.
N-glycosylation	decreased level	Neutral endopeptidase		Neprilysin									COS-1 cells	Cell Line	8092997	Enzyme activity was decreased by deglycosylation.
O-GlcNAcylation	decreased level				O-GlcNAc-transferase				metastatic nodal lesions in colorectal cancer			Humans	metastatic nodal lesions	Lymphatic Metastasis	26724145	O-GlcNAcylation expression decreased in metastatic nodal lesions compared to the invasive front and tumor center, and was inversely correlated with Ki67 LI.
O-GlcNAcylation	increased level				O-GlcNAc-transferase				primary colorectal carcinoma	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	primary colorectal carcinoma	Colorectal Neoplasms	26724145	Primary CRC showed higher expression of O-GlcNAcylation and O-GlcNAc-transferase (OGT) than nonneoplastic colons.
Glycosylation	altered level	HHLA2 protein, human		HHLA2 protein, human				prognostic	Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms	Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms		Humans	Tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	25549724	In a cohort of 50 patients with stage I-III triple-negative breast cancer, 56% of patients had aberrant expression of HHLA2 on their tumors, and high HHLA2 expression was significantly associated with regional lymph node metastasis and stage.
N-linked glycosylation	loss of structure	CTLA-4		CTLA-4 Antigen					transplantation tolerance		co-stimulatory blockade treatment	Sus scrofa	B-cell lymphoma cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	22326797	The availability of soluble porcine CTLA-4, especially the non-N-glycosylated CTLA-4, will provide a very valuable tool for assessing co-stimulatory blockade treatment for translational studies in the clinically relevant porcine model.
N-linked glycosylation	loss of structure	CTLA-4		CTLA-4 Antigen					autoimmune disease		co-stimulatory blockade treatment	Sus scrofa	B-cell lymphoma cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	22326797	The availability of soluble porcine CTLA-4, especially the non-N-glycosylated CTLA-4, will provide a very valuable tool for assessing co-stimulatory blockade treatment for translational studies in the clinically relevant porcine model.
N-linked glycosylation	loss of structure	CTLA-4		CTLA-4 Antigen					cancer		co-stimulatory blockade treatment	Sus scrofa	B-cell lymphoma cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	22326797	The availability of soluble porcine CTLA-4, especially the non-N-glycosylated CTLA-4, will provide a very valuable tool for assessing co-stimulatory blockade treatment for translational studies in the clinically relevant porcine model.
sialylated GalNAcalpha-O-bn oligosaccharides	acquisition of structure								GalNAcalpha-O-bn-derived storage phenotype			Humans	HT-29 cells|CAPAN-1 cells	Cell Line|Cell Line	12588963	These data focused on a GalNAcalpha-O-bn-derived storage phenotype in HT-29 and CAPAN-1 cells.
sialylated GalNAcalpha-O-bn oligosaccharides	unaltered level	MUC1|CEA		MUC1 protein, human|Carcinoembryonic Antigen					abnormal localization			Humans	HT-29 cells	Cell Line	12588963	The apical membrane glycoproteins MUC1 and CEA showed an abnormal localization inside intracytoplasmic vesicles in HT-29 cells, whereas they kept their normal localization in Caco-2 and CAPAN-1 cells.
glycosylated CD66a	altered level	CD66a		CD66 antigens					intestinal immune response			human	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	11009093	T cells express four different CD66a splice variants and at least two forms of the protein are glycosylated in a cell type-specific manner.
N-linked glycosylation	altered level	ICAM-3		ICAM3 protein, human					Mac-1-dependent homotypic aggregation			Human	neutrophils	Neutrophils	7737271	Despite extensive differences in N-linked glycosylation, ICAM-3 purified from lymphoid cells and from neutrophils supports adhesion of LFA-1-bearing cells equally well; however, neither supports adhesion of Mac-1 or p150,95-expressing chinese hamster ovary cell transfectants.
LewisX	unaltered level							diagnostic	neural stem cell	Neural Stem Cells		mouse|human	neural tissue|neural stem- and progenitor cells	Neural Stem Cells	22433989	LewisX (LeX) detecting antibodies are routinely used for cell sorting of neural stem- and progenitor cells (NSPCs).
IgG N-glycans	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				diagnostic	hyperuricemia	Hyperuricemia		Humans	serum		30835642	We evaluated whether immunoglobulin (Ig)G N-glycans play a role in hyperuricemia in the general population.
Lewis x	undetermined	CEACAM1		CD66 antigens					tumor growth			Humans	granulocytes	Granulocytes	15317738	The existence of special oligosaccharide structures such as Lewis x or sialyl-Lewis x glycans within this highly glycosylated protein has been postulated, but chemical proof is missing so far.
sialyl-Lewis x	undetermined	CEACAM1		CD66 antigens					tumor growth			Humans	granulocytes	Granulocytes	15317738	The existence of special oligosaccharide structures such as Lewis x or sialyl-Lewis x glycans within this highly glycosylated protein has been postulated, but chemical proof is missing so far.
advanced glycation end products	increased level							risk	diabetic complications	Diabetes Complications		rat	kidney	Kidney	28956665	Lagenaria siceraria is known for its antihyperglycemic, antidyslipidemic, antioxidant potential, and the present study was designed to explore the possible role of L. siceraria in attenuation of diabetic complications via in vitro modulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), sorbitol, and aldose reductase (ALR)-three major biomarkers of diabetic complications.
sorbitol	increased level				aldose reductase		Aldehyde Reductase	risk	diabetic complications	Diabetes Complications		rat	kidney	Kidney	28956665	Lagenaria siceraria is known for its antihyperglycemic, antidyslipidemic, antioxidant potential, and the present study was designed to explore the possible role of L. siceraria in attenuation of diabetic complications via in vitro modulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), sorbitol, and aldose reductase (ALR)-three major biomarkers of diabetic complications.
α1-2-fucose	altered level	neural cell adhesion molecule	Ncam1	CD56 Antigen|Ncam1 protein, mouse	Fut1		Fucosyltransferases		disrupted diurnal Fut1 expression			mouse	olfactory bulb	Olfactory Nerve	25384980	The amount of α1-2Fuc glycan associated with the major target glycoprotein neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) varied in a diurnal fashion, although the mRNA and protein expression of Ncam1 did not.
(N-acetylhexosamine)2 (deoxyhexose)(mannose)3 (N-acetylglucosamine)2	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		26880719	We report that N-linked (N-acetylhexosamine)2 (deoxyhexose)(mannose)3 (N-acetylglucosamine)2 was significantly increased in the IgG heavy chains of patients with prostate cancer compared with that of either benign prostatic disease patients or healthy subjects, whereas (hexose)(N-acetylhexosamine)2 (deoxyhexose)(mannose)3 (N-acetylglucosamine)2 was more abundant in the heavy chains of healthy subjects and benign prostatic disease patients.
(hexose)(N-acetylhexosamine)2 (deoxyhexose)(mannose)3 (N-acetylglucosamine)2	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		26880719	We report that N-linked (N-acetylhexosamine)2 (deoxyhexose)(mannose)3 (N-acetylglucosamine)2 was significantly increased in the IgG heavy chains of patients with prostate cancer compared with that of either benign prostatic disease patients or healthy subjects, whereas (hexose)(N-acetylhexosamine)2 (deoxyhexose)(mannose)3 (N-acetylglucosamine)2 was more abundant in the heavy chains of healthy subjects and benign prostatic disease patients.
(N-acetylneuraminic acid)(α2-6)galactose/N-acetylgalactosamine	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		26880719	Furthermore, surface plasmon resonance analyses have revealed that IgG from patients with prostate cancer has a decreased binding for Sambucus nigra lectin, compared with that from the benign prostatic disease patients or from normal subjects, suggesting lower levels of (N-acetylneuraminic acid)(α2-6)galactose/N-acetylgalactosamine groups in the N-linked glycans of patient IgG.
core fucosylated glycans	acquisition of structure	AZGP1		AZGP1 protein, human				diagnostic	lung cancer			human	saliva		32507236	Our results revealed 10 glycan compositions for salivary AZGP1, including core fucosylated glycans on Asn128 and sialylated glycans on Asn109 and Asn112.
sialylated glycans	acquisition of structure	AZGP1		AZGP1 protein, human				diagnostic	lung cancer			human	saliva		32507236	Our results revealed 10 glycan compositions for salivary AZGP1, including core fucosylated glycans on Asn128 and sialylated glycans on Asn109 and Asn112.
glycosylation	altered level								sepsis	Sepsis		mice	T cells	T-Lymphocyte Subsets	27861506	This study therefore sought to elucidate mechanisms underlying the immune dysregulation observed during sepsis in the setting of chronic alcohol exposure.
O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc)	acquisition of structure	E-cadherin	CDH1	CDH1 protein, human				risk	apoptosis	Apoptosis		human	breast cancer cells	MCF-7 Cells	22375065	Thus, O-GlyNAcylation of E-cadherin accelerates apoptosis.
proprotein convertase processing	loss of structure	E-cadherin	CDH1	CDH1 protein, human				risk	apoptosis	Apoptosis		human	breast cancer cells	MCF-7 Cells	22375065	Furthermore, cell-stress-induced inactivation of proprotein convertases, inhibited E-cadherin maturation, further exacerbating apoptosis.
truncated glycans	altered level	trastuzumab		Trastuzumab				diagnostic	Breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer xenografts	Neoplasm Transplantation	30733320	Furthermore, we labeled these immunoconjugates with 89Zr and explored their biodistribution in athymic nude, NSG, and humanized NSG mice bearing human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-expressing human breast cancer xenografts.
deglycosylated immunoconjugates	altered level	trastuzumab		Trastuzumab				diagnostic	Breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer xenografts	Neoplasm Transplantation	30733320	We observed a strong correlation between the impaired in vitro FcγRI binding of deglycosylated immunoconjugates and significant decreases in the in vivo off-target uptake of the corresponding 89Zr-labeled radioimmunoconjugates (i.e., liver activity concentrations are reduced by ∼3.5-fold in humanized NSG mice).
N-linked glycan at position 79	loss of structure	gp120		gp120 protein, Simian immunodeficiency virus				response	Simian immunodeficiency virus infection	Simian Immunodeficiency Virus	soluble CD4	rhesus macaques			16160185	Three of these 12 mutants (g3, lacking the 3rd glycan at position 79; g11, lacking the 11th glycan at position 212; and g3,11, lacking both the 3rd and 11th glycans) were approximately five times more sensitive to neutralization by sCD4 than wild-type (WT) SIV239.
N-linked glycan at position 212	loss of structure	gp120		gp120 protein, Simian immunodeficiency virus				response	Simian immunodeficiency virus infection	Simian Immunodeficiency Virus	soluble CD4	rhesus macaques			16160185	Three of these 12 mutants (g3, lacking the 3rd glycan at position 79; g11, lacking the 11th glycan at position 212; and g3,11, lacking both the 3rd and 11th glycans) were approximately five times more sensitive to neutralization by sCD4 than wild-type (WT) SIV239.
sialylated glycans	increased level	CD133		AC133 Antigen				diagnostic	cancer			mouse	CD133+ CD13+ cancer stem cells	Neoplastic Stem Cells	21392166	In addition, we demonstrated that CD133+ SSA+ cells isolated from Huh7 cells had a significantly higher ability to form tumors in non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency disease (NOD/SCID) mice and spheres under serum-free conditions than CD133+ SSA- cells.
disialo-, monosialo-, and asialotransferrins	increased level	transferrin		Transferrin|carbohydrate-deficient transferrin				diagnostic	alcohol abuse	Alcoholism		Humans	serum		17412797	Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) is a promising biomarker of alcohol abuse.
glycan features	altered level							diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		mouse	extracellular vesicles	Extracellular Vesicles	37996057	GNA analysis revealed selective enrichment of several glycan features in EVs compared to the originating cells, particularly those associated with binding to the extracellular matrix, which was also observed in EVs from the parental MDA-MB-231 cell line (human pleural metastases).
LacdiNAc	increased level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	clinically significant prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	prostate	Prostate	31145522	LacdiNAc-glycosylated PSA is significantly better than the conventional PSA test in identifying patients with CSPC.
gp41 carbohydrates	loss of structure	gp160		HIV Envelope Protein gp160					impaired intracellular transport and processing			Cricetinae	BHK-21 cells	Cell Line	7782780	The glycan component of gp41 is, therefore, important for the efficient intracellular transport and processing of gp160.
Lewis^x^	altered level							diagnostic	bacterial toxin detection						39271664	We finally showcase the potential diagnostic utility of this approach in glycofluoroform-mediated bacterial toxin detection by lateral flow.
Lewis x group [Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAc]	undetermined				alpha1,3-fucosyltransferases		Fucosyltransferases|galactoside 3-fucosyltransferase					Humans	human milk	Milk, Human	10207184	We report that isomeric monofucosylhexasaccharides, Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1- 3Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3) GlcNAc, Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3) GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4 GlcNAc and Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1- 4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4 GlcNAc, and bifucosylhexasaccharides Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3) GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAc, Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1- 4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4 (Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAc and Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4( Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAc can be isolated in pure form from reaction mixtures of the linear hexasaccharide Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1- 3Galbeta1-4GlcNAc with GDP-fucose and alpha1,3-fucosyltransferases of human milk.
GlycA	increased level							diagnostic	inflammatory bowel disease	Colitis, Ulcerative|Crohn Disease	biologic therapy	Humans	serum		30312386	GlycA levels were significantly higher in patients with active inflammamtory bowel disease [IBD] compared with those in healthy controls, and accurately reflected the mucosal recovery to a 'healthy' state in both CD and UC patients achieving mucosal healing.
GlycA	decreased level							monitoring	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease	biologic therapy	Humans	serum		30312386	In CD patients who experienced an endoscopic response without achieving full mucosal healing, GlycA levels also decreased but did not normalize to HC levels.
GlycA	decreased level							monitoring	ulcerative colitis	Colitis, Ulcerative	biologic therapy	Humans	serum		30312386	GlycA levels were significantly higher in patients with active inflammamtory bowel disease [IBD] compared with those in healthy controls, and accurately reflected the mucosal recovery to a 'healthy' state in both CD and UC patients achieving mucosal healing.
glycan motifs	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	pancreatic cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	23956151	We tested the method using measurements of lectin binding to glycans on glycan arrays and then applied the method to predicting motifs on the protein mucin 1 (MUC1) expressed in eight different pancreatic cancer cell lines.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A					breast carcinoma	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	tumour cells	Cell Line, Tumor	23637900	One potential carrier of the Tn antigen is immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1), which we surprisingly found in tumour cells of the invasive parts of primary breast carcinoma.
N-glycans	loss of structure	HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env)		env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus				response	HIV Infections	HIV Infections	vaccination	Rabbits	B-Lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes	31732167	To preferentially expose the CD4bs to B cells, we eliminated proximal N-glycans while maintaining the native-like state of the cleavage-independent NFL trimers, followed by gradual N-glycan restoration coupled with heterologous boosting.
N-glycans	acquisition of structure				ST6GAL1		ST6GAL1 protein, human		HS-deficient			living cells	cell	Cells, Cultured	28858492	It is shown that recombinant ST6GAL1 can readily transfer the modified sialic acid to N-glycans of glycoprotein acceptors of living cells resulting in long-lived display.
N-linked glycan	altered level	IgG1 monoclonal antibody		Antibodies, Monoclonal|Immunoglobulin G											21978954	In this study, LC interfaced to a linear ion trap mass spectrometer (ESI-LIT-MS) were used to characterize the glycosylation of a recombinant IgG1 monoclonal antibody and a CTLA4-Ig fusion protein with multiple sites of N-and O-glycosylation.
O-linked glycan	altered level	IgG1 monoclonal antibody		Antibodies, Monoclonal|Immunoglobulin G											21978954	In this study, LC interfaced to a linear ion trap mass spectrometer (ESI-LIT-MS) were used to characterize the glycosylation of a recombinant IgG1 monoclonal antibody and a CTLA4-Ig fusion protein with multiple sites of N-and O-glycosylation.
N-linked glycan	altered level	CTLA4-Ig fusion protein		CTLA-4 Antigen|CTLA4 protein, human|Recombinant Fusion Proteins											21978954	In this study, LC interfaced to a linear ion trap mass spectrometer (ESI-LIT-MS) were used to characterize the glycosylation of a recombinant IgG1 monoclonal antibody and a CTLA4-Ig fusion protein with multiple sites of N-and O-glycosylation.
O-linked glycan	altered level	CTLA4-Ig fusion protein		CTLA-4 Antigen|CTLA4 protein, human|Recombinant Fusion Proteins											21978954	In this study, LC interfaced to a linear ion trap mass spectrometer (ESI-LIT-MS) were used to characterize the glycosylation of a recombinant IgG1 monoclonal antibody and a CTLA4-Ig fusion protein with multiple sites of N-and O-glycosylation.
highly glycosylated MUC1 mucins	unaltered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					colon carcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	colon carcinoma cell line COLO205|bile	Tumor Cells, Cultured|Bile	9422097	The 55 antibodies submitted to the ISOBM TD-4 Workshop were analysed for their reactivity with core proteins of the heavily glycosylated MUC1 mucins from the colon carcinoma cell line COLO205 and bile.
Gal-beta-1,3-GalNAc	undetermined														8929411	Two ligands that bind more tightly to the lectin than Gal-beta-1,3-GalNAc (the known ligand) have been identified.
T antigen	altered level								gastric carcinoma	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	gastric mucosa	Gastric Mucosa	8181802	In a previous report we suggested that T antigen appeared to be associated with gastric carcinoma.
Tn	altered level								intestinal metaplasia	Metaplasia		Humans	columnar cells		8181802	In intestinal metaplasia, Tn was found mostly in columnar cells and sialyl-Tn in goblet cells.
sialyl-Tn	altered level								intestinal metaplasia	Metaplasia		Humans	goblet cells		8181802	In intestinal metaplasia, Tn was found mostly in columnar cells and sialyl-Tn in goblet cells.
sialyl-Tn	increased level								adenomatous polyps	Adenomatous Polyps		Humans	gastric mucosa	Gastric Mucosa	8181802	A high prevalence of sialyl-Tn expression and cell membrane immunoreactivity for T antigen, similar to those previously found in gastric carcinomas, were observed in three adenomatous polyps, one hyperplastic polyp, five cases of adenomatous dysplasia in the neighbourhood of intestinal carcinomas and four cases of marked foveolar hyperplasia, three of which were from the mucosa adjacent to diffuse carcinomas.
sialyl-Tn	increased level								hyperplastic polyp	Polyps		Humans	gastric mucosa	Gastric Mucosa	8181802	A high prevalence of sialyl-Tn expression and cell membrane immunoreactivity for T antigen, similar to those previously found in gastric carcinomas, were observed in three adenomatous polyps, one hyperplastic polyp, five cases of adenomatous dysplasia in the neighbourhood of intestinal carcinomas and four cases of marked foveolar hyperplasia, three of which were from the mucosa adjacent to diffuse carcinomas.
sialyl-Tn	increased level								adenomatous dysplasia			Humans	gastric mucosa	Gastric Mucosa	8181802	A high prevalence of sialyl-Tn expression and cell membrane immunoreactivity for T antigen, similar to those previously found in gastric carcinomas, were observed in three adenomatous polyps, one hyperplastic polyp, five cases of adenomatous dysplasia in the neighbourhood of intestinal carcinomas and four cases of marked foveolar hyperplasia, three of which were from the mucosa adjacent to diffuse carcinomas.
sialyl-Tn	increased level								foveolar hyperplasia	Hyperplasia		Humans	gastric mucosa	Gastric Mucosa	8181802	A high prevalence of sialyl-Tn expression and cell membrane immunoreactivity for T antigen, similar to those previously found in gastric carcinomas, were observed in three adenomatous polyps, one hyperplastic polyp, five cases of adenomatous dysplasia in the neighbourhood of intestinal carcinomas and four cases of marked foveolar hyperplasia, three of which were from the mucosa adjacent to diffuse carcinomas.
N-linked glycopeptides	undetermined	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins								bovine			7690196	Monosaccharide quantification of each glycopeptide suggested that all of the N-linked glycopeptides were the complex type and all the O-linked glycopeptides were sialylated.
O-linked glycopeptides	undetermined	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins								bovine			7690196	Monosaccharide quantification of each glycopeptide suggested that all of the N-linked glycopeptides were the complex type and all the O-linked glycopeptides were sialylated.
glycosylation	altered level							diagnostic	gestational diabetes mellitus	Diabetes, Gestational		Humans	blood|placenta|cord blood	|Placenta|	30736847	Hsa_circRNA_0054633 is highly expressed in gestational diabetes mellitus and closely related to glycosylation index.
90K glycoprotein	altered level	β-Catenin		beta Catenin					colorectal cancer			Humans	HeLa and CSC221 cells	Cell Line	27668402	β-Catenin is a major transducer of the Wnt signaling pathway, which is aberrantly expressed in colorectal and other cancers.
N-glycosylation	altered level							diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	blood		23090970	N-glycosylated secretome profiles correctly clustered the different cell lines to their respective cancer stage, suggesting that biologically relevant differences were detected.
N-linked glycosylation	unaltered level	tetherin		BST2 protein, human					Lassa virus	Lassa virus		human	host cells		19091864	Here, we show that the production of virus-like particles induced by viral matrix proteins of Lassa virus or Marburg virus was markedly inhibited by tetherin and that N-linked glycosylation of tetherin was dispensable for this antiviral activity.
N-linked glycosylation	unaltered level	tetherin		BST2 protein, human					Marburg virus	Marburgvirus		human	host cells		19091864	Here, we show that the production of virus-like particles induced by viral matrix proteins of Lassa virus or Marburg virus was markedly inhibited by tetherin and that N-linked glycosylation of tetherin was dispensable for this antiviral activity.
α2,6-sialylated N-glycans	increased level				ST6GAL1		ST6GAL1 protein, human					Mice	serum		32141499	In this study, we show that serum levels of α2,6-sialylated N-glycans are increased in Fut8-/- mice, whereas the mRNA and protein levels of ST6GAL1 are unchanged in mouse live tissues.
α2,6-sialylation on IgG	increased level	IgG		Glycoproteins	ST6GAL1		ST6GAL1 protein, human					Mice	serum|liver		32141499	The level of α2,6-sialylation on IgG was also enhanced in Fut8-/- mice along with ST6GAL1 catalytic activity increase in both serum and liver.
core fucosylation	increased level				FUT8		Fucosyltransferases|Glycoprotein 6-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase		rheumatoid arthritis			Humans	serum		32141499	Interestingly, increased core fucosylation accompanied by a reduction in α2,6-sialylation, was detected in rheumatoid arthritis patient serum.
core fucose	loss of structure	CD14		Lipopolysaccharide Receptors	α-1, 6 fucosyltransferase	Fut8		response	experimental colitis		dextran sodium sulphate	mouse	macrophages	Macrophages	30445455	These findings indicate that core fucose is essential for CD14-dependent TLR4 and TLR2 signalling in murine macrophage activity, leading to DSS-induced experimental colitis.
polysialic acid	altered level	NCAM		CD56 Antigen|Ncam1 protein, mouse	ST8SiaII|ST8SiaIV		CMP-N-acetylneuraminate-poly-alpha-2,8-sialosyl sialyltransferase|Sialyltransferases					mouse	brain	Brain	16940046	However, variant allelic combinations resulted in distinct alterations in the total amount of poly-Sia; the relative abundance of long, medium, and short polymers; and the ratio of polysialylated to non-polysialylated NCAM.
gp160	unaltered level	CD4		CD4 Antigens					human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection			Humans	T cells		2214026	Retention of CD4 in the ER by gp160 may partially explain the down regulation of CD4 in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected T cells.
D-mannosyl residues	loss of structure	carcinoembryonic antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen					bacterial infection			Humans	colonic epithelium	Humans	2178978	In addition, binding to deglycosylated CEA was either absent or significantly reduced.
D-mannosyl residues	loss of structure	non-specific crossreacting antigen							bacterial infection			Humans	granulocytes		2178978	In addition, binding to deglycosylated CEA was either absent or significantly reduced.
MUC1	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1					breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	MCF7 and ZR-75-1 breast cancer cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9499459	Progesterone, in combination with oestrogen, caused significant increases (over 2-fold, P<0.01) in cellular and secreted MUC1 when compared with oestrogen alone in both cell lines despite no or small increases in cellular protein.
keratan sulphates	loss of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					Embryo Implantation	Embryo Implantation		Humans	uterine epithelium	Epithelium|Uterus	9804253	In all cases, HMFG-1 reactivity could be restored by predigestion with keratanase or neuraminidase which removes keratan sulphates and sialic acids, respectively.
sialic acids	loss of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					Embryo Implantation	Embryo Implantation		Humans	uterine epithelium	Epithelium|Uterus	9804253	In all cases, HMFG-1 reactivity could be restored by predigestion with keratanase or neuraminidase which removes keratan sulphates and sialic acids, respectively.
glycosylation	undetermined											Hansenula polymorpha			30737738	Despite favorable characteristics of the H. polymorpha-based platform for application to heterologous gene expression, several problems and limitations, such as over-glycosylation and proteolytic degradation, can be encountered in the development of production strains for secretory proteins.
Sialyl Lewis X Antigen	undetermined	P-selectin ligand protein		P-selectin ligand protein								Humans		Humans	18357595	Total synthesis of the glycopeptide recognition domain of the P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1.
Oligosaccharides	undetermined														1487992	Transfer of bulk markers from endoplasmic reticulum to plasma membrane.
CD4-binding glycan	unaltered level	gp17		Glycoproteins					HIV-1 infection			Human	seminal plasma	Semen	1959561	We report in this paper the presence in the human seminal plasma of a glycoprotein capable of binding to CD4, a surface antigen expressed on the surface of T-cells, macrophages, and sperm cells, which acts as a coreceptor in antigen-mediated T-cell activation and as a receptor for the AIDS virus, HIV-1.
Glycosylation	unaltered level	Immunoglobulin E		Immunoglobulin E					allergy			Humans	B-Lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes	2468089	Glycosylation of IgE is not required for the activity of either receptor.
α2,6 sialylation	increased level	MCAM		MCAM protein, human	ST6GAL1		ST6GAL1 protein, human|beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase	prognostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		human	HCC cells		36528750	In particular, an increase in α2,6 sialylation of melanoma cell adhesion molecule (MCAM) inhibited its interaction with galectin-3 and decreased its expression on cell surface.
GalNAc	increased level							diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		human	gastric tissue	Stomach Neoplasms	24833877	GalNAc bound to MPL showed a significant increase.
glycopatterns	altered level							diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		human	gastric tissue	Stomach Neoplasms	24833877	The glycopatterns of glycoprotein in gastric cancer and gastric ulcer specimens were determined by lectin microarray, and then validated by lectin histochemistry.
glycosylation	increased level							diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		human	gastric tissue	Stomach Neoplasms	24833877	The glycosylation level of gastric cancer was significantly higher than that in ulcer.
GM3	acquisition of structure				Sial-T1		Glycosyltransferases						CHO-K1 cells	CHO Cells	22687240	CHO-K1 cells lack Sial-T2 and only express GM3.
GD3	acquisition of structure				Sial-T2		Glycosyltransferases						CHO-K1 cells	CHO Cells	22687240	The synthesis of gangliosides GM3 and GD3 is carried out by the successive addition of sialic acid residues on lactosylceramide (LacCer) by the Golgi located sialyltransferases Sial-T1 and Sial-T2, respectively.
Sialyl Lewis X Antigen	undetermined								Neoplasms	Neoplasms					12855785	Turning sweet on cancer.
glycosylated NPNT	increased level	nephronectin		Npnt protein, mouse				prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		mouse	small extracellular vesicles	Extracellular Vesicles	30707844	We report that the native form of NPNT at 60 kDa becomes further glycosylated and is detected as the 80 kDa NPNT, which may be processed by matrix metalloproteinases to a shorter form of around 20 kDa, which has not previously been described.
hyperglycosylated hCG	unaltered level	chorionic gonadotropin		Chorionic Gonadotropin				diagnostic	pregnancy	Pregnancy		humans	whole blood|plasma|serum	Humans|Humans|Humans	15073089	The noncompetitive assay equally measures intact, nicked, and hyperglycosylated hCG as well as nonnicked and nicked hCG beta-subunit with a rapid and simple procedure consisting of a 5-min, one-step incubation and, subsequent to washing, the measurement of time-resolved fluorescence directly from a wet well surface.
O-linked oligosaccharides	loss of structure	Decay accelerating factor		Membrane Glycoproteins					cytotoxicity	Cytotoxicity, Immunologic	rabbit antibody plus human complement	Chinese hamster	Chinese hamster ovary cells	Cell Line	1383332	Functional activity of DAF mutants was assessed by the ability of these transfected constructs to protect Chinese hamster ovary cells from cytotoxicity induced by rabbit antibody plus human complement.
Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi)	increased level	Mac-2-binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic	liver fibrosis			Humans	serum		36995542	Therefore, the study aimed to assess the role of Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) as a biomarker to measure liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis.
Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi)	increased level	Mac-2-binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic	cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		36995542	Serum M2BPGi could be a simple and reliable diagnostic tool for evaluating cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis C patients with CKD on HD.
GM1 ganglioside	altered level	CD7		Antigens, CD7					immune responses			Mammalian	T cells		18581052	Based on their strong intracellular co-localization, two glycoconjugates, GM1 ganglioside and CD7 are implicated in the sorting of internalized Gal-1 into Golgi.
complex N-glycans	unaltered level								preimplantation mouse embryo			mouse	embryos	Mice	18773292	Thus, none of these developmental antigens are expressed solely on either complex N- or core 1-derived O-glycans attached to glycoproteins in the preimplantation mouse embryo.
core 1-derived O-glycans	unaltered level								preimplantation mouse embryo			mouse	embryos	Mice	18773292	Thus, none of these developmental antigens are expressed solely on either complex N- or core 1-derived O-glycans attached to glycoproteins in the preimplantation mouse embryo.
sialyl LewisX	acquisition of structure				Lewis fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases|3-galactosyl-N-acetylglucosaminide 4-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase		melanoma	Melanoma		human	melanoma cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8785485	Three melanoma lines infected with a retroviral vector carrying the cDNA for the human Lewis fucosyltransferase (FucT-III) subsequently expressed SLeX at their cell surface and exhibited E-selectin-dependent adhesion to activated HUVECs.
sialyl LewisX	unaltered level								melanoma	Melanoma		human	melanoma cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8785485	Treatment of these transduced cells with inhibitors of O-linked or N-linked protein glycosylation significantly inhibited E-selectin-mediated adhesion, though fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis indicated no decrease in cell surface expression of SLeX, Slea or diSLeX.
GlcNAc beta1-6 branched N-glycans	increased level	integrin subunits alpha2, alpha3, alpha5 and beta1|N-cadherin|lysosome-associated membrane proteins (LAMP-1 and LAMP-2)|L1|Mac-2 binding protein (Mac-2-BP)|activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule/CD166 (ALCAM)|melanotransferrin		Integrin alpha2|Integrin alpha5|Integrin beta1|Cadherins|Lysosomal Membrane Proteins|LGALS3BP protein, human|Activated-Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule|					melanoma	Melanoma		human	A375 human melanoma cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	15577318	It is well known that the metastatic potential is associated with increased GlcNAc beta1-6 branching in N-glycans of tumour cells specifically recognized by a lectin from Phaseolus vulgaris leukoagglutinin (PHA-L).
complex-type oligosaccharides	loss of structure				glucosidase		Glucosidases		impaired oligodendrocyte differentiation			rat	oligodendrocyte progenitor cells		7528816	Both castanospermine and swainsonine, however, effectively blocked the formation of complex-type oligosaccharides, suggesting thereby a lack of correlation between the inhibition of the formation of complex-type oligosaccharides and oligodendrocyte differentiation.
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	chronic kidney disease	Renal Insufficiency, Chronic		human	plasma	Plasma	29126476	The application involves two biomarker studies: (1) in profiling patients with chronic kidney disease and (2) in differentiating heart disease patients with normal controls in response to an antiplatelet drug from hypo-responders.
N-glycans	altered level							response	heart disease	Heart Diseases	antiplatelet drug	human	plasma	Plasma	29126476	The application involves two biomarker studies: (1) in profiling patients with chronic kidney disease and (2) in differentiating heart disease patients with normal controls in response to an antiplatelet drug from hypo-responders.
N-glycans	decreased level				α-mannosidase				autoimmune diseases		swainsonine	mouse	cell surface		24674240	One common mechanism that has been documented in autoimmune diseases and atherosclerosis is formation of hypoglycosyalted N-glycans on the cell surface.
N-glycans	decreased level				α-mannosidase				atherosclerosis	Atherosclerosis	swainsonine	mouse	cell surface		24674240	One common mechanism that has been documented in autoimmune diseases and atherosclerosis is formation of hypoglycosyalted N-glycans on the cell surface.
alpha-D-Neup5Ac-(2-->3)-beta-D-Galp-(1-->4)-D-GlcpNAc	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	leukemia	Leukemia		human	leukemic cells		16095580	We predicted the substructure alpha-D-Neup5Ac-(2-->3)-beta-D-Galp-(1-->4)-D-GlcpNAc as a leukemia specific glycan motif.
276 gp120 glycan	undetermined	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV evasion from humoral immunity	HIV-1		Humans			28632942	N-linked glycans such as 234 and 276 gp120 glycans are vital components of HIV evasion from humoral immunity and important for HIV-1 neutralization of many broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs).
234 gp120 glycan	undetermined	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV evasion from humoral immunity	HIV-1		Humans			28632942	N-linked glycans such as 234 and 276 gp120 glycans are vital components of HIV evasion from humoral immunity and important for HIV-1 neutralization of many broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs).
glycan compositions	undetermined	Prostate Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen											24393138	Interpretation of isotopically resolved mass spectra of prostate specific antigen (PSA) using bioinformatics tools gives within a few hours the glycan compositions of 38 glycoforms.
core 2 O-glycans	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1	Core 2 β-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase	prognostic	bladder tumor metastasis	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		human	bladder tumor	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms	22446589	In this study, we report that the expression of C2GnT in bladder tumors positively correlates with tumor progression and that bladder tumor cell-surface mucin 1 (MUC1) carrying core 2 O-glycans plays an important role in the evasion from natural killer (NK) cell attack.
N-linked glycosylation	loss of structure	CD133		AC133 Antigen|Antigens, CD|Glycoproteins|PROM1 protein, human					hepatoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		human	hepatoma cell	Hep G2 Cells	26029999	However, mutation at glycosylation site Asn548 significantly decreased the ability of CD133 to promote hepatoma cell growth.
disialyl Lewis(a)	loss of structure								colonic carcinogenesis	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	colonic epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	22467657	Expression of these siglec-7/-9 ligands was impaired upon carcinogenesis, and they were replaced by cancer-associated glycans sialyl Lewis(a) and sialyl Lewis(x), which have no siglec ligand activity.
sialyl 6-sulfo Lewis(x)	loss of structure								colonic carcinogenesis	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	colonic epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	22467657	Expression of these siglec-7/-9 ligands was impaired upon carcinogenesis, and they were replaced by cancer-associated glycans sialyl Lewis(a) and sialyl Lewis(x), which have no siglec ligand activity.
core-2-based Thr-linked O-glycan with sialyl Lewis x	unaltered level	endoglycan		endoglycan					inflammation			Human	endothelial cells|leukocytes|T lymphocytes	Membrane Glycoproteins|Mucins|Membrane Glycoproteins	20507883	Endoglycan is a mucin-like glycoprotein expressed by endothelial cells and some leukocytes and is recognized by L-selectin, a C-type lectin important in leukocyte trafficking and extravasation during inflammation.
N-glycan	altered level	CTLA-4		CTLA-4 Antigen|CTLA4 protein, human|Ctla4 protein, mouse	Mgat1|Mgat5		MGAT1 protein, human|N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis		mice	T cell		21629267	In mice, N-glycan branching by the Golgi enzymes Mgat1 and/or Mgat5 prevents T cell hyperactivity, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) endocytosis, spontaneous inflammatory demyelination and neurodegeneration, the latter pathologies characteristic of MS.
N-glycosylation	altered level	CTLA-4		CTLA-4 Antigen|CTLA4 protein, human|Ctla4 protein, mouse	Mgat1		MGAT1 protein, human|N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis		mice	T cell		21629267	Here we show that MS risk modulators converge to alter N-glycosylation and/or CTLA-4 surface retention conditional on metabolism and vitamin D(3), including genetic variants in interleukin-7 receptor-α (IL7RA*C), interleukin-2 receptor-α (IL2RA*T), MGAT1 (IV(A)V(T-T)) and CTLA-4 (Thr17Ala).
O-glycans	unaltered level	MUC1F/5ACTR mucin		Mucin-1					Cystic Fibrosis	Cystic Fibrosis		Humans	airway epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	15677769	Mass spectrometry data showed the same O-glycans in both CFTR mutant and wild-type CFTR corrected cells.
mucin sulphation	unaltered level	MUC1F/5ACTR mucin		Mucin-1					Cystic Fibrosis	Cystic Fibrosis		Humans	airway epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	15677769	Our results show that the absence of functional CFTR protein causes neither an abnormality in mucin O-glycosylation nor an increase in mucin sulphation.
GalNAcβ1,4GlcNAcβ	acquisition of structure				β4GalNAc-T3|β4GalNAc-T4		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases|N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases								22722940	We now show that β4GalNAc-T3 and β4GalNAc-T4 are able to utilize the same peptide motif to selectively add GalNAc to β1,6-linked GlcNAc in core 2 O-linked oligosaccharide structures to form Galβ1,3(GalNAcβ1,4GlcNAcβ1,6)GalNAcαSer/Thr.
fucosylated kininogen	increased level	kininogen		KNG1 protein, human|Kininogens				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	liver	Liver Neoplasms	30144410	This method allowed for the measurement of fucosylated kininogen, which could serve as a biomarker of HCC.
sialyl-Tn	undetermined	MUC-1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	tumor	Breast Neoplasms		Sheep	submaxillary mucin	Submandibular Gland	9298687	Hapten inhibition experiments demonstrated the specificity of several of the MAbs for STn and Tn expressed on ovine submaxillary mucin and tumor derived MUC-1 mucin.
Tn	undetermined	MUC-1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	tumor	Breast Neoplasms		Sheep	submaxillary mucin	Submandibular Gland	9298687	Hapten inhibition experiments demonstrated the specificity of several of the MAbs for STn and Tn expressed on ovine submaxillary mucin and tumor derived MUC-1 mucin.
serum N-glycans	increased level							diagnostic|predictive	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Human	serum		37322584	Excitingly, we discovered that the expression levels of 12 serum N-glycans were gradually increased from H to patients with HD and eventually to patients with HCC.
serum N-glycans	increased level							diagnostic|predictive	hepatic dysfunction			Human	serum		37322584	Excitingly, we discovered that the expression levels of 12 serum N-glycans were gradually increased from H to patients with HD and eventually to patients with HCC.
Sialyl-Tn antigen	acquisition of structure				CMP-Neu5Ac GalNAc alpha2,6-sialyltransferase: ST6GalNAc I		Sialyltransferases|CMP-N-acetylneuraminate-alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminide alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase	prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	MDA-MB-231 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	12820722	Sialyl-Tn antigen (STn) is a cancer associated carbohydrate antigen over-expressed in several cancers including breast cancer, and currently associated with more aggressive diseases and poor prognosis.
Lewis type 1 antigens	unaltered level	MUC5AC		Gastric Mucins	FUT2		Fucosyltransferases		normal gastric epithelium			Humans	superficial epithelium		10940270	In normal gastric epithelium, MUC5AC is detected in superficial epithelium associated with Lewis type 1 antigens and MUC6 is detected in antral glands with Lewis type 2.
Lewis type 2 antigens	unaltered level	MUC6		Gastric Mucins	FUT1		Fucosyltransferases		normal gastric epithelium			Humans	antral glands		10940270	In normal gastric epithelium, MUC5AC is detected in superficial epithelium associated with Lewis type 1 antigens and MUC6 is detected in antral glands with Lewis type 2.
Lewis antigens	altered level	MUC2|MUC4		Gastric Mucins					gastric tumours	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	gastric epithelial cells		10940270	In gastric tumours, especially those with the intestinal phenotype, MUC2 and MUC4 genes are upregulated, and gastric-type and intestinal-type mucins are coexpressed.
glycosylated rHuG-CSF	unaltered level							response	mobilisation of haematopoietic progenitor cells			human	blood		8831991	In an attempt to optimise the dose of G-CSF for mobilisation of PBPC in allogeneic donors, four groups of six healthy male volunteers received lenograstim (glycosylated rHuG-CSF) at a dose of 3, 5, 7.5 or 10 micrograms/kg/day, respectively, for 6 days (days 1-6).
peptide-bound GalNAc	acquisition of structure	CD8 glycoprotein		CD8 Antigens								mammalian	FRT cells		8631959	The O-glycosylation of this protein comprises for the vast majority the sole addition of peptide-bound GalNAc that occurs in an early Golgi compartment.
α2-3 Linked N-Acetylneuraminic Acid	increased level	mucins		Mucins				diagnostic	stress	Stress, Physiological|Stress, Psychological		Atlantic salmon	skin	Skin	33540792	Stress thus impairs skin barrier function and induces glycosylation changes, which have potential to both affect interactions with pathogens and serve as stress indicators.
Core 1 O-Glycans	increased level	mucins		Mucins				diagnostic	stress	Stress, Physiological|Stress, Psychological		Atlantic salmon	skin	Skin	33540792	Stress thus impairs skin barrier function and induces glycosylation changes, which have potential to both affect interactions with pathogens and serve as stress indicators.
Tn antigen	unaltered level	MUC2		Tn antigen					dysentery			Humans	colon tissue	Colon	32926786	Immunofluorescence probing of human colon tissue with antibodies detected expression of Tn/sialyl-Tn by MUC2 producing goblet cells (GCs), and S. flexneri incubated with human colon tissue colocalized with GCs.
sialyl-Tn antigen	unaltered level	MUC2							dysentery			Humans	colon tissue	Colon	32926786	Immunofluorescence probing of human colon tissue with antibodies detected expression of Tn/sialyl-Tn by MUC2 producing goblet cells (GCs), and S. flexneri incubated with human colon tissue colocalized with GCs.
glycan shield	altered level	envelope glycoproteins		Gene Products, env					HIV infection	HIV-1		Humans	envelope clones		15507649	"This study demonstrates the relationship between the evolving ""glycan shield "" of HIV and the kinetics of exposure of the 2G12 epitope during the course of natural infection."
galactosylation	decreased level	IgG1|IgG2		Immunoglobulin G|Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	serum		33599092	Statistical analysis suggested the significantly decreased galactosylation and remarkably increased agalactosylation of IgG1 or IgG2 in the malignant transformation of CRC, which enables the differentiation between cancer patients and healthy controls.
agalactosylation	increased level	IgG1|IgG2		Immunoglobulin G|Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	serum		33599092	Statistical analysis suggested the significantly decreased galactosylation and remarkably increased agalactosylation of IgG1 or IgG2 in the malignant transformation of CRC, which enables the differentiation between cancer patients and healthy controls.
biantennary fucosylated glycan without galactose (H3N4F1)	acquisition of structure	IgG1|IgG2		Immunoglobulin G|Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	serum		33599092	The changes of glycan features were elucidated by the exploration of individual glycopeptides, showing the biantennary fucosylated glycan without galactose (H3N4F1) or with two galactose (H5N4F1) of IgG1 and IgG2 could distinguish cancer group from both benign and control groups.
biantennary fucosylated glycan with two galactose (H5N4F1)	acquisition of structure	IgG1|IgG2		Immunoglobulin G|Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	serum		33599092	The changes of glycan features were elucidated by the exploration of individual glycopeptides, showing the biantennary fucosylated glycan without galactose (H3N4F1) or with two galactose (H5N4F1) of IgG1 and IgG2 could distinguish cancer group from both benign and control groups.
fucosylated glycans	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	Low Back Pain	Low Back Pain		Humans	plasma		27229623	Also, the trend to higher prevalence of systemic inflammatory disorders was shown for twins with low level of fucosylated glycans and high level of non-fucosylated glycans.
non-fucosylated glycans	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	Low Back Pain	Low Back Pain		Humans	plasma		27229623	Also, the trend to higher prevalence of systemic inflammatory disorders was shown for twins with low level of fucosylated glycans and high level of non-fucosylated glycans.
Core fucosylation	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	Low Back Pain	Low Back Pain		Humans	plasma		27229623	"Core fucosylation of IgG is a ""safety switch"" reducing ADCC, thus our results suggest the involvement of ADCC and associated inflammation in pathogenesis of LBP."
sialyl Lewis a (SLea)	increased level	ErbB2	ERBB2	ERBB2 protein, human|Receptor, ErbB-2		FUT3			gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		human	NCI-N87 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	29143776	Cellular- and receptor-specific glycan profiling of ErbB2-overexpressing NCI-N87 cells unveiled a heterogeneous glycosylation pattern harboring the tumor-associated sialyl Lewis a (SLea) antigen.
bi-antennary, core fucosylated, with terminal N-acetylgalactosamine residues	undetermined	tissue plasminogen activator		Tissue Plasminogen Activator					Bowes melanoma	Melanoma, Experimental			Bowes melanoma cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8687384	This study clarified an earlier discrepancy in the literature and confirmed that the major complex N-linked glycans on Bowes t-PA that carry sialic acid as their sole charged group are bi-antennary, core fucosylated, with terminal N-acetylgalactosamine residues.
sialylated glycans	undetermined	tissue plasminogen activator		Tissue Plasminogen Activator					Bowes melanoma	Melanoma, Experimental			Bowes melanoma cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8687384	We also report the characterization of a series of related and previously unidentified sialylated glycans.
glucuronic acid/sulphate containing N-linked glycans	undetermined	tissue plasminogen activator		Tissue Plasminogen Activator					Bowes melanoma	Melanoma, Experimental			Bowes melanoma cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8687384	Further we show that Bowes t-PA expresses glucuronic acid/sulphate containing N-linked glycans and is recognized by anti-carbohydrate L2/HNK-1 monoclonal antibodies.
disialylated triantennary glycans	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	Obstructive sleep apnea	Sleep Apnea, Obstructive		Humans	Plasma		37371460	These included decreased GP24 (disialylated triantennary glycans as major structure) and GP28 (trigalactosylated, triantennary, disialylated, and trisialylated glycans), and increased GP32 (trisialylated triantennary glycan).
trigalactosylated, triantennary, disialylated, and trisialylated glycans	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	Obstructive sleep apnea	Sleep Apnea, Obstructive		Humans	Plasma		37371460	These included decreased GP24 (disialylated triantennary glycans as major structure) and GP28 (trigalactosylated, triantennary, disialylated, and trisialylated glycans), and increased GP32 (trisialylated triantennary glycan).
trisialylated triantennary glycan	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	Obstructive sleep apnea	Sleep Apnea, Obstructive		Humans	Plasma		37371460	These included decreased GP24 (disialylated triantennary glycans as major structure) and GP28 (trigalactosylated, triantennary, disialylated, and trisialylated glycans), and increased GP32 (trisialylated triantennary glycan).
biantennary digalactosylated glycans with core fucose	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	Obstructive sleep apnea	Sleep Apnea, Obstructive		Humans	Plasma		37371460	Only one IgG glycan peak was significantly increased (P26), which contains biantennary digalactosylated glycans with core fucose.
CD15	altered level								development of vertebrate olfactory receptor neurones			mouse|bovine|Xenopus	olfactory epithelium	Olfactory Receptor Neurons	11778741	In all three species CD15 expression was found on a subpopulation of morphologically mature receptor cells starting at the time of initial synaptogenesis.
HNK-1	altered level								development of vertebrate olfactory receptor neurones			bovine|Xenopus|mouse	olfactory epithelium	Olfactory Receptor Neurons	11778741	Whereas for bovine and Xenopus the timetable of HNK-1 expression is similar to that described for the chick, suggesting involvement in pathfinding, in the mouse HNK-1 is found on immature cells when mature CD15 positive receptor cells could already be discerned.
sialylation of the CD45RA region	decreased level	CD45		Leukocyte Common Antigens					postnatal changes			Humans	T cells	T-Lymphocyte Subsets	7524622	These changes are largely caused by modulation of the CD45 glycosylation, including: (1) lesser sialylation of the CD45RA region on T cells.
sialylation of the CD45RB region	altered level	CD45		Leukocyte Common Antigens					postnatal changes			Humans	T and B cells	T-Lymphocyte Subsets|B-Lymphocyte Subsets	7524622	These changes are largely caused by modulation of the CD45 glycosylation, including: (2) differential sialylation of the CD45RB region leading to the distinction of CD45RBhigh and CD45RBlow T and B subsets.
antibody glycoforms	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	schistosomiasis	Schistosomiasis		Humans	antigen-specific antibodies		39292803	However, we also captured previously uncharacterized humoral responses including elevated FcR binding and specific antibody glycoforms in patients with active infection, helping distinguish them from those without active infection but with equivalent antibody titers.
branched O-linked glycans	acquisition of structure	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1		P-selectin ligand protein	core2 beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase		P-selectin binding			Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	8916952	"In this study, we show that Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells expressing PSGL-1 and fucosyltransferase show a dramatic increase in binding to P-selectin when transfected with ""core2"" transferase, the enzyme that initiates branching of O-linked glycans."
branched O-linked glycans	acquisition of structure	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1		P-selectin ligand protein	core2 beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase		E-selectin binding			Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	8916952	Interestingly, transfection of core2 in these cells does not alter binding to E-selectin.
N-acetylgalactosamine	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	breast cancer			Humans	epithelial		9635576	The epithelial mucin MUC1 is an important tumor marker of breast cancer and other carcinomas.
N-acetylglucosamine	unaltered level	CD2		CD2 Antigens								Human	Chinese hamster ovary cells	CHO Cells	7529232	A form of human soluble CD2 (hsCD2) with single N-acetylglucosamine residues at each glycosylation site was produced by inhibiting glucosidase I with N-butyldeoxynojirimycin during expression in Chinese hamster ovary cells and digesting the expressed hsCD2 with endoglycosidase H.
high-mannose type oligosaccharide	unaltered level	CD22 antigen		CD22 protein, human					B-lineage ALL			human	B lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes	1716973	Finally, we demonstrated the presence of glycosylated, cytoplasmic CD22 antigen in CD22 surface negative B-lineage ALL cells.
complex N-glycosylation	unaltered level	CD22 antigen		CD22 protein, human					B-lineage ALL			human	B lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes	1716973	Finally, we demonstrated the presence of glycosylated, cytoplasmic CD22 antigen in CD22 surface negative B-lineage ALL cells.
PSA glycosylation	altered level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		19035787	Because aberrant glycosylation is a fundamental characteristic of tumor genesis, the objective of this study was to investigate whether changes in PSA glycosylation may be used to improve the cancer specificity of PSA.
N-linked carbohydrates	unaltered level	Clusterin		Clusterin					Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid		16490286	In contrast, the cerebrospinal fluid level of clusterin in Alzheimer patients has, thus far, been found unchanged.
N-linked carbohydrates	unaltered level	Clusterin		Clusterin					Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid		16490286	Clusterin was significantly increased in Alzheimer patients, in both native (7.17+/-2.43 AU versus 5.73+/-2.09 AU; p=0.002), and deglycosylated samples (12.19+/-5.00 AU versus 9.68+/-4.38 AU; p=0.004).
glycan shield	unaltered level	SIV Env protein		Viral Envelope Proteins					Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome	Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome		Macaca mulatta	SIVmac239	Simian Immunodeficiency Virus	31586542	The structure revealed that glycans masked most of the SIV Env protein surface, with ITS90 targeting a glycan hole, which is occupied in ∼83% of SIV strains by glycan N238.
MUC1 glycopeptides	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				response	cancer	Cancer Vaccines	antitumor vaccine	mice			27188544	In order to clarify whether the effect of the configuration of Pam3 Cys on the immune response also applies to glycopeptide vaccines, MUC1 glycopeptide-lipopeptide vaccines bearing either R- or R/S-configured Pam3 CysSerLys4 were compared for their immunological effects.
mannosyl-β1-phosphomycoketide	unaltered level	CD1c		Antigens, CD1					Mycobacterium tuberculosis	Mycobacterium		Humans	T-Lymphocytes	Humans|T-Lymphocytes	25298532	Our structure of CD1c with the mycobacterial phosphomycoketide (PM) shows similarities to that of CD1c-mannosyl-β1-phosphomycoketide in that the A' pocket accommodates the mycoketide alkyl chain; however, the phosphate head-group of PM is shifted ∼6 Å in relation to that of mannosyl-β1-PM.
MUC1 glycopeptides	unaltered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					adenocarcinomas			human	dendritic cells	Dendritic Cells	12461079	MUC1 is expressed on the surface as well as secreted by human adenocarcinomas.
TCR/CD3 complex	loss of structure								Leukemia	Leukemia, T-Cell		Human	SUP-T13 cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8635487	In this study, we determined (i) the generality of this phenomenon among other T cell lines, (ii) the specificity of this phenomenon to the TCR/CD3 complex, and (iii) the molecular mechanism of TCR/CD3 loss in the SUP-T13 cell line at a biochemical level.
glycosylation	unaltered level	N-terminal pro-B type natriuretic peptide		pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76)|Natriuretic Peptide, Brain				prognostic	atrial fibrillation	Atrial Fibrillation		Humans			34798808	The association of total NT-proBNP with the risk of AF first recurrence was similar to that of NT-proBNP, suggesting no influence of glycosylation.
Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-positive human Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer	increased level	Mac-2-binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic	acute liver injury			human	serum		32269188	The serum M2BPGi level at the time of the diagnosis was increased in 59 of 77 patients [2.3 cutoff index (COI); range, 0.31-11.1 COI] and was significantly decreased at the time of serum ALT normalization (0.68 COI; range, 0.15-1.87 COI; p<0.0001).
Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-positive human Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer	increased level	Mac-2-binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic	infectious mononucleosis			human	serum		32269188	In patients with infectious mononucleosis, the serum M2BPGi level was higher relative to the degree of increase of serum ALT or T-bil levels in comparison to other etiologies.
glycosylation	acquisition of structure	prostate-specific antigen	KLK3	Prostate-Specific Antigen				risk	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		30538125	Functional analysis showed that the rs61752561 SNP affects PSA stability and structural conformation and creates an extra glycosylation site.
free/total (F/T) PSA ratio	increased ratio	prostate-specific antigen	KLK3	Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		30538125	Interestingly, the minor allele is associated with lower tPSA concentrations and high F/T PSA ratio in serum samples, indicating that the amino acid substitution may affect PSA immunoreactivity to the antibodies used in the clinical immunoassays.
carbohydrate deficient transferrin	increased level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	annual ryegrass toxicity			rats	serum		19317491	An increasing population of carbohydrate deficient transferrin was identified in the High dose sera using a combination of antibody and lectin detection and confirmed by ESI-IT MS/MS.
N-glycosylation	undetermined	Connective Tissue Growth Factor		Connective Tissue Growth Factor				diagnostic	fibrotic diseases			Humans	HEK and Flp-In-293 clones	Cell Line	21209863	The CCN family of proteins, especially its prominent member, the Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF/CCN2) has been identified as a possible biomarker for the diagnosis of fibrotic diseases.
N-glycosylation	undetermined	Nephroblastoma Overexpressed Protein		Nephroblastoma Overexpressed Protein				diagnostic	fibrotic diseases			Rats	HEK and Flp-In-293 clones	Cell Line	21209863	We further demonstrate for the first time that both recombinant CCN proteins are N-glycosylated.
glucosylated MOG	acquisition of structure	Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein		Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein				diagnostic	multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis		human			19400213	Semi-synthetic strategies to obtain glucosylated MOG to identify antibodies as biomarkers in multiple sclerosis disease.
endo-beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase H-sensitive oligosaccharides	unaltered level	soluble CD4 protein		CD4 Antigens								Insecta	insect cells	Insecta	1490731	The secreted form of sCD4 is modified with both endo-beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase D (endo-D) and endo-H-sensitive oligosaccharides.
endo-beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase D-sensitive oligosaccharides	unaltered level	soluble CD4 protein		CD4 Antigens								Insecta	insect cells	Insecta	1490731	The secreted form of sCD4 is modified with both endo-beta-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase D (endo-D) and endo-H-sensitive oligosaccharides.
sialyl-Lewis X	unaltered level								inflammation			Humans	neutrophils	Neutrophils	1701274	In this report, cell adhesion by ELAM-1 is shown to be mediated by a carbohydrate ligand, sialyl-Lewis X (SLex; NeuAc alpha 2,3Gal beta 1,4(Fuc alpha 1,3)-GlcNAc-), a terminal structure found on cell-surface glycoprotein and glycolipid carbohydrate groups of neutrophils.
Nε-(Carboxymethyl)lysine	increased level	HMGB1		HMGB1 Protein|HMGB1 protein, human				prognostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms	neoadjuvant therapy	Humans	gastric cancer tumor specimens	Stomach Neoplasms	34068442	Further, CML-HMGB1 was detected at various levels in all the 10 gastric cancer tumor specimens.
trisialotransferrin	increased level	transferrin		Transferrin				monitoring	rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid	rituximab	Humans	serum		31672652	The median trisialotransferrin relative concentrations after 3 and 6 months treatment (4.40% and 4.10%, respectively) were significantly higher (p = 0.013, p = 0.009, respectively) than before treatment (3.50%).
pentasialotransferrin	increased level	transferrin		Transferrin				monitoring	rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid	rituximab	Humans	serum		31672652	The levels of serum pentasialotransferrin were also increased 3 and 6 months following treatment (16.5% and 17.7%, p = 0.005 and p = 0.006, respectively) as compared to those before therapy (14.5%).
tetrasialotransferrin	decreased level	transferrin		Transferrin				monitoring	rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid	rituximab	Humans	serum		31672652	Tetrasialotransferrin concentrations were lower (80.3% and 78.4%, p = 0.009 and p = 0.008, respectively) than before treatment (81.5%).
Glycosylated MUC1	unaltered level	Mucin-1		Mucin-1				response	Neoplasms	Neoplasms	vaccine	Humans|Mice	Cell Line, Tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	25155367	Glycosylated MUC1 tripartite vaccines were constructed through host-guest interactions with cucurbit[8]uril.
alphaGalNAc	altered level							predictive	tumor		animal tumor therapies	human	peripheral blood mononuclear cells	Leukocytes, Mononuclear	20420392	These unique properties make the combined peptide/carbohydrate RAFTs highly suitable for future evaluation in animal tumor therapies in vivo and predict them to be readily available and efficient immunoactivators.
O-glycosylated fragment	increased level	inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4		inter-alpha-inhibitor				diagnostic	endometrial adenocarcinoma			Humans	sera		18494030	A 35 kDa glycoprotein whose abundance was previously demonstrated to be enhanced in sera of patients with endometrial adenocarcinoma (n = 12), was isolated from pooled sera of three of the cancer patients using champedak galactose-binding lectin affinity chromatography in the present study.
O-glycosylated fragment	increased level	inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4		inter-alpha-inhibitor				diagnostic	breast carcinoma	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	sera		18494030	When compared to control sera (n = 17), expression of the 35 kDa ITIH4 cleavage fragment was demonstrated to be significantly enhanced in sera of patients with breast carcinoma (n = 10), epithelial ovarian carcinoma (n = 10), and germ cell ovarian carcinoma (n = 10) but not in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (n = 13) and osteosarcoma (n = 7).
O-glycosylated fragment	increased level	inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4		inter-alpha-inhibitor				diagnostic	epithelial ovarian carcinoma	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	sera		18494030	When compared to control sera (n = 17), expression of the 35 kDa ITIH4 cleavage fragment was demonstrated to be significantly enhanced in sera of patients with breast carcinoma (n = 10), epithelial ovarian carcinoma (n = 10), and germ cell ovarian carcinoma (n = 10) but not in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (n = 13) and osteosarcoma (n = 7).
O-glycosylated fragment	increased level	inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4		inter-alpha-inhibitor				diagnostic	germ cell ovarian carcinoma	Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal		Humans	sera		18494030	When compared to control sera (n = 17), expression of the 35 kDa ITIH4 cleavage fragment was demonstrated to be significantly enhanced in sera of patients with breast carcinoma (n = 10), epithelial ovarian carcinoma (n = 10), and germ cell ovarian carcinoma (n = 10) but not in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (n = 13) and osteosarcoma (n = 7).
pentosidine	unaltered level								proliferative diabetic retinopathy	Diabetic Retinopathy	vitrectomy	Humans	vitreous	Vitreous Body	15947940	The levels of the glycoxidation product pentosidine (expressed as pmol/mg of protein) in the vitreous of eyes with PDR do not differ significantly from those in the vitreous of eyes with PVR, RD or cadaveric control eyes.
pentosidine	unaltered level								proliferative vitreoretinopathy	Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative	vitrectomy	Humans	vitreous	Vitreous Body	15947940	The levels of the glycoxidation product pentosidine (expressed as pmol/mg of protein) in the vitreous of eyes with PDR do not differ significantly from those in the vitreous of eyes with PVR, RD or cadaveric control eyes.
pentosidine	unaltered level								retinal detachment	Retinal Detachment	vitrectomy	Humans	vitreous	Vitreous Body	15947940	The levels of the glycoxidation product pentosidine (expressed as pmol/mg of protein) in the vitreous of eyes with PDR do not differ significantly from those in the vitreous of eyes with PVR, RD or cadaveric control eyes.
3-sulfo Lewis x	acquisition of structure								Cystic Fibrosis	Cystic Fibrosis		Humans	respiratory mucosa	Respiratory Mucosa	10536036	The structural determination of sulfated carbohydrate chains from a cystic fibrosis patient respiratory mucins has shown that sulfation may occur either on the C-3 of the terminal Gal, or on the C-6 of the GlcNAc residue of a terminal N -acetyllactosamine unit.
6-sulfo-sialyl Lewis x	acquisition of structure								Cystic Fibrosis	Cystic Fibrosis		Humans	respiratory mucosa	Respiratory Mucosa	10536036	In the biosynthesis of 6- O -sulfated carbohydrate chains by the human respiratory mucosa, the 6- O -sulfation of a terminal nonreducing GlcNAc residue precedes beta1-4-galactosylation, alpha2-3-sialylation (to generate 6-sulfo-sialyl- N -acetyllactosamine), and alpha1-3-fucosylation (to generate the 6-sulfo-sialyl Lewis x determinant).
Tn	acquisition of structure							prognostic	pleomorphic adenomas	Adenoma, Pleomorphic		Humans	epithelial ductular structures		8389564	The immature Tn and sialosyl-Tn antigen structures were expressed in the epithelial ductular structures of the tumors, whereas they were almost absent from normal parotid tissue, indicating aberrant glycosylation with accumulation of precursor structures.
sialosyl-Tn	acquisition of structure							prognostic	pleomorphic adenomas	Adenoma, Pleomorphic		Humans	epithelial ductular structures		8389564	The immature Tn and sialosyl-Tn antigen structures were expressed in the epithelial ductular structures of the tumors, whereas they were almost absent from normal parotid tissue, indicating aberrant glycosylation with accumulation of precursor structures.
T	unaltered level							prognostic	salivary gland tumors	Parotid Neoplasms		Humans	modified myoepithelial cells		8389564	Thus these modified MEC seem to have retained their normal simple mucin-type glycosylation pattern, suggesting that T antigen may be used as a marker of MEC in salivary gland tumors.
N-linked glycan	loss of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	Cell Line	Cell Line	7832633	We found that the mutated virus lacking an N-linked glycan in the V1-loop of gp120 was more resistant to neutralization by monoclonal antibodies to the V3-loop and neutralization by soluble recombinant CD4 (sCD4).
terminal sialylation	increased level	T cells		Antigens, CD	ST6 beta-galactosamide alpha-2,6-sialyltranferase 1|ST3 beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase 6|neuraminidase 1	ST6GAL1|ST3GAL6|NEU1	ST6GAL1 protein, human|Sialyltransferases|Neuraminidase	risk	systemic lupus erythematosus	Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic		Humans	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	31509989	Differential lectin binding, specifically Gal-1, to SLE T cells was explained by the increased gene expression ratio of sialyltransferases and neuraminidase 1 (NEU1), particularly by elevated ST6 beta-galactosamide alpha-2,6-sialyltranferase 1 (ST6GAL1)/NEU1 and ST3 beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase 6 (ST3GAL6)/NEU1 ratios.
fucosylation	altered level				Fut8	FUT8	Fucosyltransferases	diagnostic	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		30101373	Two (Fut8, and Pofut1) of the four Futs had a higher plasma level in 64 lung cancer patients compared with 32 control subjects, and consistent with that in lung tissue specimens.
fucosylation	altered level				Pofut1	POFUT1	Fucosyltransferases	diagnostic	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		30101373	Two (Fut8, and Pofut1) of the four Futs had a higher plasma level in 64 lung cancer patients compared with 32 control subjects, and consistent with that in lung tissue specimens.
glycated Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase	increased level	Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase		Superoxide Dismutase				diagnostic	insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1		Humans	erythrocytes	Erythrocytes	1592880	These data indicate that glycated and less active Cu,Zn-SOD is increased in erythrocytes of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
IgG glycosylation	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	COVID-19	COVID-19		Humans	blood serum		39106646	Additionally, alterations in IgG glycosylation and glucose concentrations were associated with disease severity.
Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer	increased level							response	adult-onset Still's disease	Still's Disease, Adult-Onset	immunosuppressive treatment	Humans	serum		38711500	Significant increases in the serum concentrations of Gal-3 and M2BPGi were found in the serum of patients with AOSD compared with patients with RA and healthy participants (both p <0.001).
Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer	decreased level							response	adult-onset Still's disease	Still's Disease, Adult-Onset	immunosuppressive treatment	Humans	serum		38711500	Immunosuppressive treatment in patients with AOSD significantly reduced serum Gal-3 and M2BPGi levels (p = 0.03 and 0.004, respectively).
CD45RB glycosylation	altered level	CD45RB						diagnostic	disease		diagnosis, treatment, and vaccination strategies	human	peripheral blood		35862268	Our results show that current naive B cell isolation strategies harbor contamination from non-naive B cells, and use of CD27-IgD+ is adequate but can be improved by including markers for CD45RB glycosylation and IgM.
Glycated albumin	undetermined	Serum Albumin		Serum Albumin					Diabetes		Dialysis	Humans		Humans	21808280	Dialysis: Glycated albumin or HbA(1c) in dialysis patients with diabetes?
HbA(1c)	undetermined	hemoglobin A1c protein, human		hemoglobin A1c protein, human					Diabetes		Dialysis	Humans		Humans	21808280	Dialysis: Glycated albumin or HbA(1c) in dialysis patients with diabetes?
cancer associated glycosylation	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					breast cancer		immunotherapy		CHO-K1 cells	CHO Cells	15099905	In this study, a bioprocess for the expression of a recombinant MUC1 fusion protein with a cancer associated glycosylation in CHO-K1 cells has been developed.
O-linked oligosaccharides	altered level	Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human|Follicle Stimulating Hormone, beta Subunit		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human|Follicle Stimulating Hormone, beta Subunit								Chinese hamster	Chinese hamster ovary cells	CHO Cells	15004409	The decrease in molecular weight of dimeric chimeras digested with endoglycosidase-F was greater in Calpha than that in alphaC after treatment with neuraminidase, revealing that both chimeras have different numbers of sialic acids on O-linked carbohydrates.
betaE11 antigen	increased level	4F2 heavy chain antigen		betaE11 antigen, bovine				response	Neoplasms	Neoplasms	tumor immunotherapy	Animals	Endothelium, Vascular|tumor cells	Endothelium, Vascular|Neoplasms	11438464	Expression of the betaE11 antigen during mitosis functionally links it to a fundamental aspect of cell proliferation, and its spatial localization on the surface of both proliferating endothelium and tumor cells demonstrates its potential for tumor immunotherapy.
glycated low-density lipoprotein	increased level	low-density lipoprotein		Lipoproteins, LDL				predictive	Diabetic Angiopathies	Diabetic Angiopathies		Humans	blood		10388998	Low-density lipoprotein particle size as an independent predictor of glycated low-density lipoprotein level.
Sialyl Lewis X ganglioside	unaltered level														7689375	Sialyl Lewis X ganglioside analogues containing 5-acetamido-3,5-dideoxy-L-arabino-2-heptulopyranosylonic acid (C7-Neu5Ac), 5-acetamido-3,5-dideoxy-D-galacto-2-octulopyranosylonic acid (C8-Neu5Ac), and 5-acetamido-3,5-dideoxy-L-glycero-D-galacto-1-2-nonulopyranosylonic++ + acid (8-epi-Neu5Ac) in place of N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) have been synthesized.
polylactoaminoglycans	decreased level	band 3 glycoprotein		Anion Exchange Protein 1, Erythrocyte					Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type II	Anemia, Dyserythropoietic, Congenital		Humans	erythrocyte membrane	Erythrocyte Membrane	11836161	The abnormalities consist in hypoglycosylation of polylactoaminoglycans linked to proteins (as in band 3 glycoprotein) and ceramides (known under the name of polyglycosylceramides) as well as in accumulation of some oligoglycosylceramides: lactotriaosylceramide, neolactotetraosylceramide, and sometimes globotetraosylceramide.
polyglycosylceramides	decreased level								Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type II	Anemia, Dyserythropoietic, Congenital		Humans	erythrocyte membrane	Erythrocyte Membrane	11836161	The abnormalities consist in hypoglycosylation of polylactoaminoglycans linked to proteins (as in band 3 glycoprotein) and ceramides (known under the name of polyglycosylceramides) as well as in accumulation of some oligoglycosylceramides: lactotriaosylceramide, neolactotetraosylceramide, and sometimes globotetraosylceramide.
lactotriaosylceramide	increased level								Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type II	Anemia, Dyserythropoietic, Congenital		Humans	erythrocyte membrane	Erythrocyte Membrane	11836161	The abnormalities consist in hypoglycosylation of polylactoaminoglycans linked to proteins (as in band 3 glycoprotein) and ceramides (known under the name of polyglycosylceramides) as well as in accumulation of some oligoglycosylceramides: lactotriaosylceramide, neolactotetraosylceramide, and sometimes globotetraosylceramide.
neolactotetraosylceramide	unaltered level								Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type II	Anemia, Dyserythropoietic, Congenital		Humans	erythrocyte membrane	Erythrocyte Membrane	11836161	The level of neolactotetraosylceramide in the erythrocyte membranes of the parents was, however, normal.
globotetraosylceramide	increased level								Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type II	Anemia, Dyserythropoietic, Congenital		Humans	erythrocyte membrane	Erythrocyte Membrane	11836161	Globotetraosylceramide content was elevated in erythrocytes from the proband and, surprisingly, even more so in the parents.
O-linked glycans	decreased level	Glycophorin A		Glycophorins					Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia type II	Anemia, Dyserythropoietic, Congenital		Humans	erythrocyte membrane	Erythrocyte Membrane	11836161	Glycophorin A is partially unglycosylated with respect to O-linked glycans.
glycated albumin	increased ratio	serum albumin		Serum Albumin|Glycated Serum Albumin				diagnostic|monitoring	diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus		human	serum		32799523	Generally, the levels of fasting or postprandial blood glucose and other biomarkers, such as glycated albumin, glycated hemoglobin, and 1,5-anhydroglucitol, are used to diagnose or monitor diabetes progression.
poly-sialic acid	unaltered level	Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule		Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules								Humans	serum		32275575	A novel electrochemical sensor for a neural cell adhesion molecule (CD56) was constructed by glycosyl imprinting.
hexosylceramide	increased level	prion protein		Prions									neuronal surface	Neurons	14660659	Prion protein DRMs contained significantly more unsaturated, longer chain lipids than Thy-1 DRMs and had 5-fold higher levels of hexosylceramide.
carbohydrate attached to the conserved glycosylation residue Asn(297) on Fc	undetermined	Fc		Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments					autoimmune dysfunctions			human			11297532	Although not in direct contact with the receptor, the carbohydrate attached to the conserved glycosylation residue Asn(297) on Fc may stabilize the conformation of the receptor-binding epitope on Fc.
Oligosaccharides	undetermined	E1 protein, Hepatitis C virus		E1 protein, Hepatitis C virus					Hepatitis C			Humans	endoplasmic reticulum	Endoplasmic Reticulum	10783397	Hepatitis C virus glycoproteins E1 and E2 do not reach the plasma membrane of the cell but accumulate intracellularly, mostly in the endoplasmic reticulum.
N(epsilon)-fructoselysine	decreased level	liver proteins							hyperthyroidism	Hyperthyroidism		rats	liver	Liver	10515595	The levels of the glycation product N(epsilon)-fructoselysine (FL) and those of the oxidation products, N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) and malondialdehyde-lysine (MDA-lys), identified by GC/MS in liver proteins, decreased significantly in hyperthyroid rats, as well as (less acutely) in hypothyroid animals.
N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)lysine	decreased level	liver proteins							hyperthyroidism	Hyperthyroidism		rats	liver	Liver	10515595	The levels of the glycation product N(epsilon)-fructoselysine (FL) and those of the oxidation products, N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) and malondialdehyde-lysine (MDA-lys), identified by GC/MS in liver proteins, decreased significantly in hyperthyroid rats, as well as (less acutely) in hypothyroid animals.
malondialdehyde-lysine	decreased level	liver proteins							hyperthyroidism	Hyperthyroidism		rats	liver	Liver	10515595	The levels of the glycation product N(epsilon)-fructoselysine (FL) and those of the oxidation products, N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) and malondialdehyde-lysine (MDA-lys), identified by GC/MS in liver proteins, decreased significantly in hyperthyroid rats, as well as (less acutely) in hypothyroid animals.
N(epsilon)-fructoselysine	decreased level	liver proteins							hypothyroidism	Hypothyroidism		rats	liver	Liver	10515595	The levels of the glycation product N(epsilon)-fructoselysine (FL) and those of the oxidation products, N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) and malondialdehyde-lysine (MDA-lys), identified by GC/MS in liver proteins, decreased significantly in hyperthyroid rats, as well as (less acutely) in hypothyroid animals.
N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)lysine	decreased level	liver proteins							hypothyroidism	Hypothyroidism		rats	liver	Liver	10515595	The levels of the glycation product N(epsilon)-fructoselysine (FL) and those of the oxidation products, N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) and malondialdehyde-lysine (MDA-lys), identified by GC/MS in liver proteins, decreased significantly in hyperthyroid rats, as well as (less acutely) in hypothyroid animals.
malondialdehyde-lysine	decreased level	liver proteins							hypothyroidism	Hypothyroidism		rats	liver	Liver	10515595	The levels of the glycation product N(epsilon)-fructoselysine (FL) and those of the oxidation products, N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) and malondialdehyde-lysine (MDA-lys), identified by GC/MS in liver proteins, decreased significantly in hyperthyroid rats, as well as (less acutely) in hypothyroid animals.
histo-blood group antigens	altered level							prognostic	laryngeal epithelial lesions	Laryngeal Neoplasms		Humans	laryngeal epithelium	Epithelium	1520523	The purpose of this investigation was to study alterations in the sequential build-up of carbohydrate structures during development of malignancy in laryngeal epithelial lesions.
HbA1c	increased level	haemoglobin		Glycated Hemoglobin A				diagnostic	type 2 diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2	benfotiamine	Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rat|T2DM patients	liver|urine	Rats, Zucker|Humans	29033370	Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rat, a common model for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), had high levels of d-ribose and HbA1c, accompanied by a decrease of transketolase (TK) in the liver.
HbA1c	increased level	haemoglobin		Glycated Hemoglobin A				diagnostic	type 2 diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2	benfotiamine	Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rat|T2DM patients	liver|urine	Rats, Zucker|Humans	29033370	In clinical investigation, T2DM patients with high HbA1c had a high level of urine d-ribose, though the level of their urine d-glucose was low.
Glycated albumin	increased level	Serum Albumin		Serum Albumin|Glycated Serum Albumin				diagnostic|risk	diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus		Humans	serum		26247684	Mean GA values were 13.8% in controls and 18.1% in diabetic subjects (31.2% higher, p < 0.0001), while mean HbA1c values were 5.6% in controls and 7.2% in diabetic subjects (29.2% higher, p < 0.0001).
Glycosylated hemoglobin	increased level	hemoglobin A1c protein, human		Glycated Hemoglobin A|hemoglobin A1c protein, human				diagnostic|risk	diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus		Humans	blood		26247684	Mean GA values were 13.8% in controls and 18.1% in diabetic subjects (31.2% higher, p < 0.0001), while mean HbA1c values were 5.6% in controls and 7.2% in diabetic subjects (29.2% higher, p < 0.0001).
Tn antigen (α-O-GalNAc-Ser)	undetermined														25111627	The molecular recognition of several glycopeptides bearing Tn antigen (α-O-GalNAc-Ser or α-O-GalNAc-Thr) in their structure by three lectins with affinity for this determinant has been analysed.
Tn antigen (α-O-GalNAc-Thr)	undetermined														25111627	The molecular recognition of several glycopeptides bearing Tn antigen (α-O-GalNAc-Ser or α-O-GalNAc-Thr) in their structure by three lectins with affinity for this determinant has been analysed.
carbohydrate-deficient transferrin	increased level	transferrin		Transferrin	phosphomannomutase			diagnostic	congenital disorders of glycosylation	Metabolism, Inborn Errors		Humans	serum		17920054	We found 6 patients (3.8%) with abnormal serum CDT; only two of them (1.9%) showed increased amounts of disialo and asialo with HPLC analysis and were classified as CDG-Ia, the most frequent form of CDG, due to a deficiency of the phosphomannomutase enzyme.
N-glycosylated CD97	altered level	CD97		ADGRE5 protein, human|Antigens, CD|Membrane Glycoproteins|Protein Isoforms|Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled					leiomyosarcoma			Humans	Smooth muscle cells	Myocytes, Smooth Muscle	16408199	As expected, CD97(EGF)-positive SMC tumors expressed partly N-glycosylated CD97.
N-glycosylated CD97	altered level	CD97		ADGRE5 protein, human|Antigens, CD|Membrane Glycoproteins|Protein Isoforms|Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled					leiomyoma			Humans	Smooth muscle cells	Myocytes, Smooth Muscle	16408199	All leiomyomas (n=5) and nine out of 21 leiomyosarcomas were positive for both CD97(stalk) and CD97(EGF).
sialyltransferase ST6GAL-I	increased level				ST6GAL-I		beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase	prognostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	tumor tissue		12931020	ST6GAL-I enzyme activity was enhanced within the tumor tissue.
sialyltransferase ST3GAL-III	increased level				ST3GAL-III		beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase	prognostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	tumor tissue		12931020	high levels of ST3GAL-III and ST6GAL-I in the tumor tissue correlated with secondary local tumor recurrence (p = 0.005; p = 0.012).
Thomsen-Friedenreich (T)-antigen	increased ratio							diagnostic	GNE myopathy		intravenous immunoglobulins	Humans	plasma		25123033	Importantly, all patients had increased T/ST ratios compared with controls.
ST-antigen	decreased ratio							diagnostic	GNE myopathy		intravenous immunoglobulins	Humans	plasma		25123033	The O-linked glycome of patients' plasma compared with controls showed increased amounts of desialylated Thomsen-Friedenreich (T)-antigen, and/or decreased amounts of its sialylated form, ST-antigen.
mannosylated gp120	unaltered level	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV	HIV		HIV-1|HIV-2			8416385	In contrast, highly mannosylated gp120 bound to soluble CD4 molecules well.
glycosylated gp120	unaltered level	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV	HIV		HIV-1|HIV-2			8416385	Enzymatic removal of carbohydrate chains from glycosylated gp120 by endoglycosidase H or an endoglycosidase F/N glycanase mixture had no effect on the ability of gp120 to bind CD4.
fucosylated glycopeptide	increased level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	serum		29888876	Changes in glycoform, especially fucosylation, have been reported to be associated with the development of HCC.
fucosylated glycopeptide	increased level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	liver cirrhosis			human	serum		29888876	The performance of the relative percentage of fucosylated AFP (AFP-fuc%) for differentiating between early HCC and cirrhosis is better than that of serum AFP levels as indicated by a greater area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (area under the curve = 0.962 vs. 0.628) and sensitivity (92.3% vs. 53.9%), respectively.
core-2 O-glycoform	increased level	CD43		Leukosialin|Spn protein, mouse	Gcnt1		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase	diagnostic	graft-versus-host disease	Graft vs Host Disease	allogeneic bone marrow transplantation	mice	T cells	CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	32060138	In this study, we show that Notch signals induce upregulated expression of the Gcnt1 glycosyltransferase gene in T cells mediating graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in mice.
core-2 O-glycoform	increased level	CD43		Leukosialin|Spn protein, mouse	Gcnt1		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase	diagnostic	dendritic cell immunization			mice	CD8+ T cells	CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	32060138	Core-2 O-glycosylation also reported Notch signaling in CD8+ T cell responses to dendritic cell immunization, Listeria infection, and viral infection.
core-2 O-glycoform	increased level	CD43		Leukosialin|Spn protein, mouse	Gcnt1		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase	diagnostic	Listeria infection			mice	CD8+ T cells	CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	32060138	Core-2 O-glycosylation also reported Notch signaling in CD8+ T cell responses to dendritic cell immunization, Listeria infection, and viral infection.
core-2 O-glycoform	increased level	CD43		Leukosialin|Spn protein, mouse	Gcnt1		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase	diagnostic	viral infection			mice	CD8+ T cells	CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	32060138	Core-2 O-glycosylation also reported Notch signaling in CD8+ T cell responses to dendritic cell immunization, Listeria infection, and viral infection.
A2BG2	increased level	IgG antibodies		Immunoglobulin G				prognostic	ALS	Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis		ALS Tg mice	motor neurons		25725350	We further found that A2BG2 glycan is specific for ALS, its quantity increased with disease progression and that the IgG antibodies identifying extracellular motor neuron antigens were developed at the final stage of the disease.
phosphatidylinositol glycan	unaltered level	CD59		CD59 Antigens					recurrent spontaneous abortion	Abortion, Spontaneous	immunotherapy	human	syncytiotrophoblast microvilli	Microvilli	7689003	Term placental STM from recurrent spontaneous aborting patients after immunotherapy, reacted with MEM-43 in ELISA similarly to STM from normal individuals.
O-Linked glycans	undetermined	MUC1		Mucin-1											38347421	O-Linked glycans potentially play a functional role in cellular recognition events.
N-glycans	loss of structure	gp160		HIV Envelope Protein gp160					HIV-1	HIV-1		Mice	T cells	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes	8560759	In this study, we have investigated whether T cell responses to the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp160 were influenced by deletion of three N-glycans of the protein.
aberrant glycans	undetermined							diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms		Human	serum		35090648	The development of a novel SUspension Magnetic-Bead-based Assay (SUMBA) for the detection of antibodies against aberrant glycans (AGA) as potential cancer biomarkers is presented here.
tri-antennary N-glycans presenting SLe^x	undetermined								Influenza A virus	Influenza A virus		avian species	respiratory tract		38567703	Furthermore, several H5 HAs preferentially bound to N-glycan presenting SLe^x on the MGAT4 arm.
glycans	altered level							diagnostic|prognostic	malignant mesothelioma	Mesothelioma		Humans	serum		22112531	PGA biomarker discovery for the early detection, diagnosis and prognosis of human malignancies and viral diseases is based on the response of the immune system as measured by the level of binding of anti-glycan antibodies from human serum to the glycans on the array.
glycans	unaltered level							risk	high risk subjects exposed to asbestos without symptoms of disease	Asbestos		Humans	serum		22112531	Procedures related to PGA data processing are herein demonstrated in a pilot study of cases representing 50 sera from patients with malignant mesothelioma and a control sample of 65 sera from high risk subjects exposed to asbestos without symptoms of disease.
Sialyl-Tn (STn) antigen	increased level	integrins|cadherins		|Glycoproteins				diagnostic|prognostic	bladder cancer	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	bladder cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	27542232	Invasive bladder tumours express the cell-surface Sialyl-Tn (STn) antigen, which stems from a premature stop in protein O-glycosylation.
N-glycan	acquisition of structure	cluster of differentiation 2		CD2 Antigens								Humans	immune cell		19204290	Fully elaborated N-glycan structures accelerate folding by 4-fold and stabilize the beta-sandwich structure by 3.1 kcal/mol, relative to the nonglycosylated protein.
glycosylated	undetermined	JM4C8-Ag		Membrane Glycoproteins					complement activation		xenotransplantation	pig	lymphocytes		9029106	The JM4C8-Ag was transmembrane-anchored and glycosylated.
glycosylated factor	undetermined								Bone marrow transplantation	Bone Marrow Transplantation		Humans	CD8+CD57+ lymphocytes	Lymphocytes	1709378	Preliminary characterization suggests that the CD8+CD57+ cells' inhibitory activity is mediated by a low molecular weight, glycosylated factor as indicated by its less than 1S coefficient of sedimentation and its binding to concanavalin A lectin.
N-linked glycosylation	altered level	CD4		CD4 Antigens					HIV			Chinese hamster	Ovary	Ovary	2113054	The role of glycosylation in the expression of sCD4 was investigated by mutagenesis of the constructs to remove each of the two N-linked glycosylation sites in turn and both together.
CD8 glycan	loss of structure	CD8		Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte					T cell differentiation	Cell Differentiation		Mice	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	3263917	The murine CD8 T cell differentiation antigen is a glycoprotein expressed on the cell surface as a heterodimer comprising the products of two closely linked genes, Ly-2 and Ly-3.
CD18	altered level	CD11a/CD18-integrins		CD18 Antigens|Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1					Lck-deficiency			Human	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	12115650	CD18 was expressed as a mature and an immaturely glycosylated form in Jurkat T cell lines, and predominantly the immature form, not associated with CD11a, was found in Lck-deficient cells.
Tn antigen	increased level			Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate				diagnostic	hydatid cyst	Echinococcosis		Echinococcus granulosus	serum		11465993	In a preliminary evaluation, high levels of Tn antigen were detected in serum samples from patients with hydatid cyst, suggesting that the measure of Tn in serum could be a biomarker of this disease, although extensive work is necessary in order to determine the clinical usefulness of this assay.
heavily glycosylated tandem repeats	unaltered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					metastasis				pancreas|colon cell lines	Pancreas|Colon|Caco-2 Cells|Cell Line	11341784	We identified the MUC1 proteolytic cleavage site and showed it to be identical in pancreas and colon cell lines and not to be influenced by the presence of heavily glycosylated tandem repeats.
Oligosaccharides	undetermined	TCRalpha proteins		Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta								Mice	TCRalpha proteins	Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta	10626678	Most importantly, these results demonstrate that H28 binding involves a serine/threonine-rich region between amino acids 150-177 on murine TCRalpha polypeptides.
N-glycosyl chains at beta13Asn	loss of structure	Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human								Humans			10022761	While the loss of carbohydrate at beta13Asn or beta13,30Asn in the case of hCGbeta monomer resulted in a 4-6%, decrease in the ordered structure, the loss of the glycosyl chain at beta 30Asn did not alter the conformation as compared with the wild type hCGbeta.
N-glycosyl chains at beta13,30Asn	loss of structure	Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human								Humans			10022761	While the loss of carbohydrate at beta13Asn or beta13,30Asn in the case of hCGbeta monomer resulted in a 4-6%, decrease in the ordered structure, the loss of the glycosyl chain at beta 30Asn did not alter the conformation as compared with the wild type hCGbeta.
N-glycosyl chains at beta30Asn	unaltered level	Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human								Humans			10022761	While the loss of carbohydrate at beta13Asn or beta13,30Asn in the case of hCGbeta monomer resulted in a 4-6%, decrease in the ordered structure, the loss of the glycosyl chain at beta 30Asn did not alter the conformation as compared with the wild type hCGbeta.
core2 O-glycans	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1	Core2 β-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase	prognostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	prostate cancer cells		23165940	We previously revealed that the expression of C2GnT is positively correlated with poor prognosis in prostate cancer patients.
poly-N-acetyllactosamine	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1	Core2 β-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase	prognostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	prostate cancer cells		23165940	In C2GnT‑expressing prostate cancer cells, the MUC1 core2 O-glycans are modified with poly-N-acetyllactosamine.
fucosylated glycoproteins	decreased level	Corticosteroid-binding globulin		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		22827608	Corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG), serum amyloid p component (SAP), complement factor B (CFAB), and histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) were identified as potential markers for differentiating ovarian cancer from benign diseases or healthy controls.
fucosylated glycoproteins	decreased level	serum amyloid p component		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		22827608	Corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG), serum amyloid p component (SAP), complement factor B (CFAB), and histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) were identified as potential markers for differentiating ovarian cancer from benign diseases or healthy controls.
fucosylated glycoproteins	decreased level	complement factor B		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		22827608	Corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG), serum amyloid p component (SAP), complement factor B (CFAB), and histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) were identified as potential markers for differentiating ovarian cancer from benign diseases or healthy controls.
fucosylated glycoproteins	decreased level	histidine-rich glycoprotein		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		22827608	Corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG), serum amyloid p component (SAP), complement factor B (CFAB), and histidine-rich glycoprotein (HRG) were identified as potential markers for differentiating ovarian cancer from benign diseases or healthy controls.
carbohydrate moieties	unaltered level	HIVgp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV infection			Humans	blood cells		11827520	This indicates that the carbohydrate moieties and the flexible variable loops of the glycosylated full-length gp120 from HIV strain SF2 do not induce a reorganization of CD4 in its binding to gp120 and, therefore, do not appear to significantly affect the structural orientation of the primary receptor in complex with the HIV envelope protein as compared to the binding observed in the crystal structure of CD4 with truncated deglycosylated gp120.
carbohydrate units at Asn-93 and Asn-229	acquisition of structure	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins								Rat	rat cells	Rats	7524678	Electrophoretic analyses relating to the glycosylation states of the recombinant proteins as well as of natural RAFP produced by rat cells before and after digestion with glycopeptidase F indicated that the slow variant has carbohydrate units located at Asn-93 and Asn-229 and the fast one has one at Asn-229.
carbohydrate unit at Asn-229	acquisition of structure	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins								Rat	rat cells	Rats	7524678	Electrophoretic analyses relating to the glycosylation states of the recombinant proteins as well as of natural RAFP produced by rat cells before and after digestion with glycopeptidase F indicated that the slow variant has carbohydrate units located at Asn-93 and Asn-229 and the fast one has one at Asn-229.
N-glycosylated	altered level	Fc gamma RIII		Receptors, Fc|Receptors, IgG					paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria			Humans	cultured monocytes	Cells, Cultured|Monocytes	2141043	The relationship of the isoform of Fc gamma RIII expressed on cultured monocytes (Fc gamma RIIIM phi) to these two forms, however, is unclear because some evidence suggests lowered expression of Fc gamma RIIIM phi in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (unlike Fc gamma RIIINK) and a unique deglycosylated m.w. for Fc gamma RIIIM phi.
N-glycosylation	altered level	N-cadherin		CDH2 protein, human					glioma	Glioma		human	glioma cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	27864899	However, whether N-glycosylation of N-cadherin plays a role in glioma remains unknown.
N-glycans	unaltered level	human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2		ERBB2 protein, human|Receptor, ErbB-2								Humans		Humans	23072501	Finally, as an example, the on-target 3AQ labeling method followed by negative-ion CID was applied to structurally analyze neutral N-glycans released from human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) protein.
glycan N301	loss of structure	HIV-1 envelope (Env) glycoprotein		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans			30302011	Importantly, glycan N301 shields V3 loop and CD4 binding site epitopes from neutralising antibodies.
O-glycan	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1	GalNAc-T4		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases					Human			9804815	The function of GalNAc-T4 complements other GalNAc-transferases in O-glycosylation of MUC1 showing that glycosylation of MUC1 is a highly ordered process and changes in the repertoire or topology of GalNAc-transferases will result in altered pattern of O-glycan attachments.
under-O-glycosylated IgA1	increased level	IgA1		glycosylated IgA					IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans	serum		24928472	While the under-O-glycosylated IgA1 levels in IgAN patients were significantly higher than those in healthy controls when measured (p<0.05), there was no significant difference in under-O-glycosylated pIgA1.
N-linked glycans	altered level	bacterial immunity protein Im7|bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A|human anti-HER2 single-chain Fv antibody		E colicin-binding immunity protein Im7, E coli|Ribonuclease, Pancreatic|ERBB2 protein, human|Single-Chain Antibodies								Escherichia coli|Bos taurus|Homo sapiens	bacterial immunity protein Im7|bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A|human anti-HER2 single-chain Fv antibody	E colicin-binding immunity protein Im7, E coli|Ribonuclease, Pancreatic|ERBB2 protein, human|Single-Chain Antibodies	34551980	The utility of this approach was demonstrated with three different acceptor proteins, namely bacterial immunity protein Im7, bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A, and human anti-HER2 single-chain Fv antibody, all of which were found to tolerate N-glycan attachment at a large number of positions and with relatively high efficiency.
glycosylation	altered level	Lamp-1		Lysosomal Membrane Proteins|Membrane Glycoproteins					changes in the concentration of extracellular phosphate			Cattle	renal epithelial cells	Kidney	7980424	The extent of glycosylation of bovine Lamp-1 alters in response to changes in the concentration of extracellular phosphate.
Lewis x	acquisition of structure	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1		Membrane Glycoproteins	fucosyltransferase-IV		Fucosyltransferases		inflammatory lesions			Humans	CHO(dhfr)(-) cell	CHO Cells	15579466	Lewis x (Le(x)) carbohydrate was generated at the CHO(dhfr)(-) cell surface by FucT-IV expression, whereas sialyl Le(x) (sLe(x)) was synthesized by FucT-VII.
sialyl Lewis x	acquisition of structure	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1		Membrane Glycoproteins	fucosyltransferase-VII		Fucosyltransferases		inflammatory lesions			Humans	CHO(dhfr)(-) cell	CHO Cells	15579466	Lewis x (Le(x)) carbohydrate was generated at the CHO(dhfr)(-) cell surface by FucT-IV expression, whereas sialyl Le(x) (sLe(x)) was synthesized by FucT-VII.
3-O-sulfated oligosaccharide	acquisition of structure	Mucins		Mucins					chronic bronchitis	Bronchitis		Humans	airway mucins	Mucins	12770775	Six of them corresponded to 3-O-sulfated oligosaccharide chains terminated by a sulfated N-acetyllactosamine, a sulfated Lewis X or a sulfated Lewis A determinant, and the last one corresponded to a 6-O-sulfated chain terminated by a sulfated H-2 determinant.
6-O-sulfated oligosaccharide	acquisition of structure	Mucins		Mucins					chronic bronchitis	Bronchitis		Humans	airway mucins	Mucins	12770775	Six of them corresponded to 3-O-sulfated oligosaccharide chains terminated by a sulfated N-acetyllactosamine, a sulfated Lewis X or a sulfated Lewis A determinant, and the last one corresponded to a 6-O-sulfated chain terminated by a sulfated H-2 determinant.
MUC4	increased level	MUC4 protein		MUC4 protein, human|Mucin-4				diagnostic|predictive	lung carcinoma	Lung Neoplasms	immunotherapy	human	lung carcinoma tissues	Tumor Cells, Cultured	11596032	MUC4 protein expression was elevated in lung carcinoma tissues because of the increase in its mRNA expression and deglycosylation on its core.
sialyl Lewis X	decreased level								leukocyte activation			Humans	leukocytes	Leukocytes	7521876	O-Sialoglycoprotease treatment of gHL-60 cells decreased the activated platelet-induced O2- production with concomitant reduction of cell surface sLex expression.
sialyl Lewis X	decreased level								leukocyte activation			Humans	leukocytes	Leukocytes	7521876	When HL-60 cells were differentiated in the presence of benzyl-alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminide (Bzl-alpha-GalNAc), an inhibitor of chain elongation of O-linked carbohydrates, the enhanced generation of O2- was abrogated in parallel with decrease in the expression of sLex structure and in the adhesion capacity to activated platelets.
glycated IgG	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G					diabetics	Diabetes Mellitus		Humans		Humans	2149885	The functional changes of the Fc fragment were observed at glycation levels comparable to those found in diabetics.
Con A-reactive moieties	decreased ratio	Fibronectin		Fibronectins					prostatic cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	sera		18776591	As for glycosylation the ratio of altogether lectin-reactive PCa FN was different from that of BPH FN manifested as a decrease of Con A- and an increase of LCA-reactive moieties.
LCA-reactive moieties	increased ratio	Fibronectin		Fibronectins					prostatic cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	sera		18776591	As for glycosylation the ratio of altogether lectin-reactive PCa FN was different from that of BPH FN manifested as a decrease of Con A- and an increase of LCA-reactive moieties.
N-glycosylated	altered level	CD37		CD37 protein, human					immune regulation			Human	B cells	B-Lymphocytes	38031400	Broad and cell-specific repertoires of N-glycosylated CD37 and CD53 were observed in human B cells.
N-glycosylated	altered level	CD53		CD53 protein, human					immune regulation			Human	B cells	B-Lymphocytes	38031400	Broad and cell-specific repertoires of N-glycosylated CD37 and CD53 were observed in human B cells.
sialyl T	decreased level	α-1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid					milk maturation			Human	milk	Milk, Human	26057552	The relative amount of Jacalin-reactive AGP glycotope was highest in the colostrum samples and then decreased starting from Day 8 of lactation.
asialyl T	increased level	α-1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid					milk maturation			Human	milk	Milk, Human	26057552	In contrast, an increase of the relative amount of PNA-reactive glycotope with milk maturation was observed.
Tn antigen	unaltered level	α-1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid					milk maturation			Human	milk	Milk, Human	26057552	The relative amount of VVA-reactive glycotope remained almost constant over the development of lactation.
glycan	undetermined							diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		19163537	A peak selection algorithm is developed to identify a panel of integrated peptide and glycan peaks to distinguish hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases from high-risk population of patients with chronic liver disease (CLD).
glycan	undetermined							diagnostic	chronic liver disease			Humans	serum		19163537	A peak selection algorithm is developed to identify a panel of integrated peptide and glycan peaks to distinguish hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases from high-risk population of patients with chronic liver disease (CLD).
Asn58 glycosylation	acquisition of structure	PD-1		PDCD1 protein, human				response	cancer	Neoplasms	MW11-h317	mouse	tumor	Neoplasms	31667366	Crystal structure of PD-1/MW11-h317 Fab complex reveals that both the loops and glycosylation of PD-1 are involved in recognition and binding, in which Asn58 glycosylation plays a critical role.
	undetermined														28652325	Strikingly, the amino acid D<sup>205</sup> also regulates the turnover and surface expression of CD16A in the absence of FcεR1γ or CD247.
acidic glycoforms of AGP	decreased level	alpha1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				monitoring	erythema nodosum leprosum	Erythema Nodosum	multidrug therapy and thalidomide	Humans	serum		20075114	In a follow-up study, AGP levels, which were high in the untreated ENL stage, decreased significantly at 5 days ( P=0.0084) and 21 days (P=0.0027) post-treatment.
acidic glycoforms of AGP	increased level	alpha1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic|prognostic	erythema nodosum leprosum	Erythema Nodosum		Humans	serum		20075114	AGP levels in untreated ENL cases were significantly higher than in lepromatous leprosy (LL; a non-reactional disease stage) (P=0.0126), RR (P=0.0176) and healthy controls (P=0.0030).
Lewis X Antigen	altered level								Liver Neoplasms	Liver Neoplasms		Mice	liver	Liver Neoplasms	2885084	The results show that untreated F9 cells colonize the liver with a high degree of specificity while the treated populations colonize the lungs.
Lewis X Antigen	altered level								Lung Neoplasms	Lung Neoplasms		Mice	lungs	Lung Neoplasms	2885084	The results show that untreated F9 cells colonize the liver with a high degree of specificity while the treated populations colonize the lungs.
asparagine-linked glycosylation	unaltered level	BST2 protein, human		Bone Marrow Stromal Antigen 2|BST2 protein, human					Rabies	Rabies		Humans		Humans	37922253	The ability of hBST2 to prevent the release of RABV-G VLPs and impede RABV growth kinetics is retained even when hBST2 has mutations at dimerization and/or glycosylation sites, making hBST2 an antagonist to RABV, with multiple mechanisms possibly contributing to the hBST2-mediated suppression of RABV.
galectin-3	altered level							diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast cells	Breast	24281352	Breast tumours have an anomalous behaviour of the galectin-3 compared to other tumour cells.
galectin-3	altered level							diagnostic	metastasis	Neoplasm Metastasis		Humans	breast cells	Breast	24281352	Galectin-3, β-galactoside-binding lectin, coats the membrane of most cancer cells and is involved in metastasis and endothelium recognition as well as in evading immune surveillance through killing of activated T cells.
Tn antigen (GalNAc alpha 1-O-Ser/Thr)	acquisition of structure								idiopathic Tn syndrome			Humans	T lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	8370596	The Tn antigen (GalNAc alpha 1-O-Ser/Thr) is a disease-related O-linked (mucin-type) carbohydrate neoantigen which is expressed in idiopathic Tn syndrome, AIDS, T-cell lymphoma and in many carcinomas.
Tn antigen (GalNAc alpha 1-O-Ser/Thr)	acquisition of structure								AIDS			Humans	T lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	8370596	The Tn antigen (GalNAc alpha 1-O-Ser/Thr) is a disease-related O-linked (mucin-type) carbohydrate neoantigen which is expressed in idiopathic Tn syndrome, AIDS, T-cell lymphoma and in many carcinomas.
Tn antigen (GalNAc alpha 1-O-Ser/Thr)	acquisition of structure								T-cell lymphoma			Humans	T lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	8370596	The Tn antigen (GalNAc alpha 1-O-Ser/Thr) is a disease-related O-linked (mucin-type) carbohydrate neoantigen which is expressed in idiopathic Tn syndrome, AIDS, T-cell lymphoma and in many carcinomas.
Tn antigen (GalNAc alpha 1-O-Ser/Thr)	acquisition of structure								carcinomas			Humans	T lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	8370596	The Tn antigen (GalNAc alpha 1-O-Ser/Thr) is a disease-related O-linked (mucin-type) carbohydrate neoantigen which is expressed in idiopathic Tn syndrome, AIDS, T-cell lymphoma and in many carcinomas.
N-glycan	altered level							diagnostic|prognostic	germ-cell tumors	Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal		Humans	serum		28317343	We examined whether serum N-glycan-based biomarkers can be applied for detection and prognosis in patients with GCT.
glycosylated light chains	increased level	Immunoglobulin Light Chains		Immunoglobulin Light Chains				risk	immunoglobulin light chain amyloidosis			Humans	serum		32594098	Glycosylation is increased in patients with immunoglobulin LC amyloidosis (AL) and rarely changes over the course of a patient's lifetime.
glycosylated light chains	increased level	Immunoglobulin Light Chains		Immunoglobulin Light Chains				risk	plasma cell disorders			Humans	serum		32594098	In summary, monoclonal LC glycosylation is a potent risk factor for progression to AL, myeloma, and other PCDs, an observation which could lead to earlier diagnoses and potentially reduced morbidity and mortality.
N-linked glycopeptides	altered level	CD44|galectin 3|metalloproteinase inhibitor 1		|Glycoproteins|				diagnostic	thyroid cancer	Thyroid Neoplasms		human	thyroid cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	19530676	The usefulness of the approach for identifying thyroid cancer associated biomarkers was validated by the identification of glycoproteins (e.g., CD44, galectin 3 and metalloproteinase inhibitor 1) that have been found to be useful markers for thyroid cancer.
N-linked glycan	unaltered level	galectin-3 binding protein		Galectin 3				diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	19522481	However, only three N-linked glycosylated proteins, galectin-3 binding protein, lysosome associated membrane glycoprotein 1, and oxygen regulated protein, were identified in all three breast cancer cell lines.
N-linked glycan	unaltered level	lysosome associated membrane glycoprotein 1		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	19522481	However, only three N-linked glycosylated proteins, galectin-3 binding protein, lysosome associated membrane glycoprotein 1, and oxygen regulated protein, were identified in all three breast cancer cell lines.
N-linked glycan	unaltered level	oxygen regulated protein		Neoplasm Proteins				diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	19522481	However, only three N-linked glycosylated proteins, galectin-3 binding protein, lysosome associated membrane glycoprotein 1, and oxygen regulated protein, were identified in all three breast cancer cell lines.
N-linked glycan	unaltered level	epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)						diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	19522481	Interestingly, the hydrazide method isolated a number of other N-linked glycoproteins also known to be involved in breast cancer, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), CD44, and the breast cancer 1, and early onset isoform 1 (BRCA1) biomarker.
N-linked glycan	unaltered level	CD44		CD44 protein, human|Hyaluronan Receptors				diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	19522481	Interestingly, the hydrazide method isolated a number of other N-linked glycoproteins also known to be involved in breast cancer, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), CD44, and the breast cancer 1, and early onset isoform 1 (BRCA1) biomarker.
N-linked glycan	unaltered level	breast cancer 1, early onset isoform 1 (BRCA1)						diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	19522481	Interestingly, the hydrazide method isolated a number of other N-linked glycoproteins also known to be involved in breast cancer, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), CD44, and the breast cancer 1, and early onset isoform 1 (BRCA1) biomarker.
Neu5Ac (alpha2,6) Gal/GalNAc	loss of structure	apolipoprotein C-III		Apolipoprotein C-III				diagnostic	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		Humans	serum		19322776	Among them, we identified loss of Neu5Ac (alpha2,6) Gal/GalNAc structure in apolipoprotein C-III (apoC-III) in cancer patients through subsequent MALDI-QIT-TOF MS/MS.
N-acetyllactosamine	unaltered level								normal cycling endometrium			human	endometrium	Endometrium	1362525	N-acetyllactosamine and Le(x) were demonstrated to be uninfluenced by the genetic background.
Le(x)	unaltered level			Lewis X Antigen					normal cycling endometrium			human	endometrium	Endometrium	1362525	N-acetyllactosamine and Le(x) were demonstrated to be uninfluenced by the genetic background.
A antigen	acquisition of structure								normal cycling endometrium			human	endometrium	Endometrium	1362525	A and Ale(y) antigens were exclusively demonstrated in endometria from blood group A individuals, while Le(y) was expressed in endometria from blood group 0 individuals mainly.
ALe(y) antigen	acquisition of structure								normal cycling endometrium			human	endometrium	Endometrium	1362525	A and Ale(y) antigens were exclusively demonstrated in endometria from blood group A individuals, while Le(y) was expressed in endometria from blood group 0 individuals mainly.
Le(y)	acquisition of structure			Lewis Blood Group Antigens					normal cycling endometrium			human	endometrium	Endometrium	1362525	A and Ale(y) antigens were exclusively demonstrated in endometria from blood group A individuals, while Le(y) was expressed in endometria from blood group 0 individuals mainly.
N-acetyllactosamine substituted by sialic acid and/or fucose residues (Le(x), sialosyl-Le(x), Le(y))	altered level								normal cycling endometrium			human	endometrium	Endometrium	1362525	In contrast, N-acetyllactosamine substituted by sialic acid and/or fucose residues (Le(x), sialosyl-Le(x), Le(y)) were demonstrated in epithelial cells of normal, cycling endometrium, but with both quantitative and qualitative differences in staining relating to the menstrual cycle, indicating that type-2 chain antigens are expressed under both genetic and hormonal influence in human cycling endometrium.
glycosylation	undetermined	synaptophysin		Synaptophysin								rabbit	platelets	Blood Platelets	2125270	The apparent molecular mass (approximately 38 kDa) and the extent of glycosylation of platelet-derived synaptophysin was more similar to the neuronal than to the neuroendocrine form of the protein.
glycosylated IgG1	unaltered level	IgG1		Immunoglobulin G					Fc gamma RI and/or Fc gamma RII receptor recognition			Humans	U937 cells	Cell Line	2524188	Aglycosylated human IgG1 and IgG3 monoclonal anti-D (Rh) and human IgG1 and IgG3 chimaeric anti-5-iodo-4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenacetyl (anti-NIP) monoclonal antibodies produced in the presence of tunicamycin have been compared with the native glycosylated proteins with respect to recognition by human Fc gamma RI and/or Fc gamma RII receptors on U937, Daudi or K562 cells.
aglycosylated IgG1	loss of structure	IgG1		Immunoglobulin G					Fc gamma RI and/or Fc gamma RII receptor recognition			Humans	U937 cells	Cell Line	2524188	Aglycosylated human IgG1 and IgG3 monoclonal anti-D (Rh) and human IgG1 and IgG3 chimaeric anti-5-iodo-4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenacetyl (anti-NIP) monoclonal antibodies produced in the presence of tunicamycin have been compared with the native glycosylated proteins with respect to recognition by human Fc gamma RI and/or Fc gamma RII receptors on U937, Daudi or K562 cells.
glycosylated IgG3	unaltered level	IgG3		Immunoglobulin G					Fc gamma RI and/or Fc gamma RII receptor recognition			Humans	U937 cells	Cell Line	2524188	Aglycosylated human IgG1 and IgG3 monoclonal anti-D (Rh) and human IgG1 and IgG3 chimaeric anti-5-iodo-4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenacetyl (anti-NIP) monoclonal antibodies produced in the presence of tunicamycin have been compared with the native glycosylated proteins with respect to recognition by human Fc gamma RI and/or Fc gamma RII receptors on U937, Daudi or K562 cells.
aglycosylated IgG3	loss of structure	IgG3		Immunoglobulin G					Fc gamma RI and/or Fc gamma RII receptor recognition			Humans	U937 cells	Cell Line	2524188	Aglycosylated human IgG1 and IgG3 monoclonal anti-D (Rh) and human IgG1 and IgG3 chimaeric anti-5-iodo-4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenacetyl (anti-NIP) monoclonal antibodies produced in the presence of tunicamycin have been compared with the native glycosylated proteins with respect to recognition by human Fc gamma RI and/or Fc gamma RII receptors on U937, Daudi or K562 cells.
fucose	decreased level	dipeptidyl peptidase IV		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4								rat	hepatocyte	Liver	2900246	In a similar experiment with [3H]L-fucose, the radioactivity in the immune complex declined rapidly, indicating a defucosylation of the plasma membrane glycoprotein.
fucose	increased level	dipeptidyl peptidase IV		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4								rat	hepatocyte	Liver	2900246	During the rewarming period at 37 degrees C, radioactivity from [3H]L-fucose and [14C]N-acetyl-D-mannosamine became incorporated into the immune complex.
sialic acid	increased level	dipeptidyl peptidase IV		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4								rat	hepatocyte	Liver	2900246	During the rewarming period at 37 degrees C, radioactivity from [3H]L-fucose and [14C]N-acetyl-D-mannosamine became incorporated into the immune complex.
GalNAc	unaltered level	Mucin-1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	cancer	Antineoplastic Agents|Cancer Vaccines	anti-MUC1 antibody	Humans		Humans	33211039	The molecular basis of antibody 5E5, which recognizes the entire GalNAc unit as a primary epitope is disclosed.
carbohydrate-deficient transferrin	altered level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	chronic alcohol abuse	Alcoholism		human	serum		11681518	According to a reliable body of literature, CDT is the most reliable marker of chronic excessive alcohol intake.
glycosylation	altered level	Glycoprotein Hormones, alpha Subunit		Glycoprotein Hormones, alpha Subunit								Cricetinae	CHO Cells	CHO Cells	11200939	To study whether the hCGbeta-subunit affects the conformations of alpha mutants, alpha-subunits lacking either the 7-31 or 59-87 disulfide bond were expressed with wild-type (WT) hCGbeta in Chinese hamster ovary cells, and homodimer formation and glycosylation of dimerized alpha-subunit were assessed by continuous labeling with [35S]methionine/cysteine, immunoprecipitation with anti-alpha or -hCGbeta serum, digestion with endoglycosidase-H or -F, and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in a non-reducing condition.
GalNAc glycosylated peptides	unaltered level	MUC1		Mucin-1								Mice			9422098	The reactivities of most of the antibodies were not affected by GalNAc glycosylation of the peptides.
GalNAc glycosylated peptides	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1								Mice			9422098	Antibody #147 (decoded as BCP9) reactivity was inhibited when 3 mol of GalNAc per repeat were incorporated in the peptide (at sites T in GVTSA and ST in GSTAP), whereas the reactivity with GalNAc glycosylated peptides with 2 mol of GalNAc per repeat (sites T in GVTSA and T in GSTAP) was unaffected.
asparagine-linked glycosylation	acquisition of structure	semenogelin II		Seminal Plasma Proteins|Seminal Vesicle Secretory Proteins								human	semen	Semen	8665951	The occurrence of a second, larger form of semenogelin II was due to asparagine-linked glycosylation.
O-GlcNAcylation	increased level				O-GlcNAc transferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|O-GlcNAc transferase	diagnostic	Breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Human	Breast cancer tissue	Breast Neoplasms	30106436	Previously, we reported that the O-GlcNAcylation level was increased in primary breast and colorectal cancer tissues.
O-GlcNAcylation	increased level				O-GlcNAc transferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|O-GlcNAc transferase	diagnostic	Colorectal cancer			Human	Colorectal cancer tissue		30106436	Previously, we reported that the O-GlcNAcylation level was increased in primary breast and colorectal cancer tissues.
O-GlcNAcylation	decreased level	Hsp27	HSPB1	HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins|HSPB1 protein, human	O-GlcNAc transferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|O-GlcNAc transferase	response	Breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Human	MCF-7 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	30106436	Immunoblots revealed that the Hsp27 protein level was increased but its O-GlcNAc modification level was decreased in siOGT-treated cells.
H-type-1 antigen	increased level								implantation failure			mouse	luminal epithelium		15848385	Fucosylated epitopes: the H-type-1 antigen and those recognized by lectins from Ulex europaeus-1 and Tetragonolobus purpureus were enhanced on apical LE on day 4 of pregnancy.
fucosylated epitopes recognized by lectins from Ulex europaeus-1 and Tetragonolobus purpureus	increased level								implantation failure			mouse	luminal epithelium		15848385	Fucosylated epitopes: the H-type-1 antigen and those recognized by lectins from Ulex europaeus-1 and Tetragonolobus purpureus were enhanced on apical LE on day 4 of pregnancy.
glycosylation	altered level	endoglin		ENG protein, human|Endoglin					Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia			Humans			10749981	Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an inherited autosomal dominant vascular dysplasia caused by mutations in either endoglin (HHT1) or activin-like kinase receptor-1 (ALK-1) (HHT2).
glycosylated rh-G-CSF	increased level	Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor		Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor				response	neutropenia			Humans	CD34+ cells	Antigens, CD34	10366791	Recombinant human G-CSF (rh-G-CSF) is available in two forms: a non-glycosylated (E. Coli-derived), and a glycosylated CHO-derived rhG-CSF.
fucosylation	increased level	C9		Complement C9				diagnostic	squamous cell lung cancer	Neoplasms, Squamous Cell		Human	serum		21840429	C9 fucosylation levels were significantly higher in SQLC patients compared to HEC (p<0.05) when tested by HLE.
glycosylation	altered level	class II MHC		Histocompatibility Antigens Class II					Helicobacter pylori infection			Human	gastric epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	11975982	Human gastric epithelial cells (GEC) express class II MHC and this expression increases during infection with Helicobacter pylori as does the number of CD4 T cells found adjacent or in between epithelial cells.
glycans	unaltered level												cells|extracellular vesicles	|Extracellular Vesicles	38373007	Additionally, the results showed that the lectins conjugated to SERS nanotags retain their ability to interact with glycans, as evidenced by the changes in the nanotag color and extinction spectra.
fucosylated glycan	increased level	PON1		Aryldialkylphosphatase				diagnostic|prognostic	Small cell lung cancer	Small Cell Lung Carcinoma		Humans|mouse	sera		24085812	The PON1 protein levels were significantly reduced in the sera of patients with SCLC, whereas the fucosylation levels of PON1 were significantly increased.
PON1 protein	decreased level	PON1		Aryldialkylphosphatase				diagnostic|prognostic	Small cell lung cancer	Small Cell Lung Carcinoma		Humans|mouse	sera		24085812	The PON1 protein levels were significantly reduced in the sera of patients with SCLC, whereas the fucosylation levels of PON1 were significantly increased.
sulfated lactosaminoglycans	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1					embryo implantation	Embryo Implantation		Humans	endometrial luminal epithelium	Endometrium	9451036	These glycans are hormonally regulated in endometrium, and show increased abundance in the secretory phase, but detailed evaluation of their distribution shows important differences.
sialokeratan sulfate epitope	unaltered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					embryo implantation	Embryo Implantation		Humans	endometrial luminal epithelium	Endometrium	9451036	D9B1 binding sites are retained in the luminal epithelium at receptivity.
branched mannose and N-acetylglucosamine glycans	altered level	PD-L1		B7-H1 Antigen|CD274 protein, human				diagnostic	melanoma	Melanoma		human	formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded sections	Biopsy	28546465	We also identified five branched mannose and N-acetylglucosamine glycans at PD-L1 position N192 in all 22 samples.
glycans on extracellular vesicles	altered level							diagnostic|monitoring|prognostic	triple-negative breast cancer	Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms		humans	plasma	Humans	38480740	A pilot cohort study shows that the EV glycan signature reaches 91% accuracy for TNBC detection and 96% accuracy for longitudinal monitoring of TNBC therapeutic response.
O-linked glycan	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					breast cancer				breast cancer cell line, YMB-S	Cell Line, Tumor	25117226	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
N-linked glycan	altered level	prostate-specific antigen							prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms			serum		25117226	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
N-linked glycan	altered level	alkaline phosphatases							choriocarcinoma				serum		25117226	We demonstrate lectin affinity chromatographic methods for determining O-linked glycan structures of MUC1 purified from a breast cancer cell line, YMB-S, N-linked glycan structures of serum prostate-specific antigen from prostate cancer, and serum alkaline phosphatases from choriocarcinoma.
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic|prognostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms	docetaxel and imatinib mesylate	Humans	serum		23984816	Aberrant glycosylation has been linked to several human diseases, including ovarian cancer, and accurate measurement of changes in glycosylation may provide relevant diagnostic and prognostic information.
N-glycans	altered level	Protein C inhibitor		Protein C Inhibitor|SERPINA5 protein, human					reproductive tract			human	seminal plasma	Semen	22205989	In this study, we have for the first time determined the N-glycan profile of seminal plasma PCI, by mass spectrometry.
beta1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides	acquisition of structure	90K/Mac-2-binding protein		LGALS3BP protein, human					colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		human	colon cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	16518858	The tumor-associated antigen 90K (TAA90K)/Mac-2-binding protein implicated in cancer progression and metastasis is modified by beta1-6 branched N-linked oligosaccharides in colon cancer cells, glycans shown to contribute to cancer metastasis.
fucosylation	increased level	free PSA		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	serum		20708609	Free PSA (fPSA) from PCa patients showed a significant increase in fucosylation compared with fPSA from patients with BPH.
CA19-9	acquisition of structure	fibulin-3		Efemp1 protein, mouse	fucosyltransferase 3|β1,3-galactosyltransferase 5		3-galactosyl-N-acetylglucosaminide 4-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase|B3GALT5 protein, human	risk|response	pancreatitis	Pancreatitis	CA19-9 antibodies	mice			31221853	Notably, CA19-9 expression in mice resulted in rapid and severe pancreatitis with hyperactivation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling.
CA19-9	acquisition of structure	fibulin-3		Efemp1 protein, mouse	fucosyltransferase 3|β1,3-galactosyltransferase 5		3-galactosyl-N-acetylglucosaminide 4-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase|B3GALT5 protein, human	risk	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		mice			31221853	CA19-9 also cooperated with the KrasG12D oncogene to produce aggressive pancreatic cancer.
Lewis X Antigen	unaltered level	CEACAM6		CEACAM6 protein, human				prognostic	Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma	Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma		Humans	B-precursor ALL cells		15826304	We chose the most frequent and tightly genotype-associated MyAg CD66c to show its stabile expression in patients from diagnosis to relapse, which differs from what is known on the other MyAgs.
N-glycan	loss of structure	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G								Humans			22407978	"The removal of the glycan through enzymatic deglycosylation or mutagenesis of the N-linked glycosylation site has been reported to ""silence"" FcγR-binding and effector functions, particularly with assays that measure monomeric binding."
O-glycans	loss of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1				prognostic	aggressive tumor			Chinese hamster	epithelia	Epithelial Cells	15471854	Because aberrant intracellular localization of MUC1 in tumor cells correlates with an aggressive tumor and a poor prognosis for the patient, experiments were designed to characterize the features that modulate MUC1 membrane trafficking.
O-glycosylation	altered level	IgA1			UDP-N-acetyl-α-d-galactosamine:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2	GALNT2	N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases|Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase		IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans	peripheral blood mononuclear cells	Leukocytes, Mononuclear	25744272	IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is characterized by aberrant O-glycosylation in the hinge region of IgA1.
mucin-type O-glycans	unaltered level	leukosialin		Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate				diagnostic	human leukemia	Leukemia		Humans	K562 human leukemia cells	K562 Cells	30149081	Moreover, the glycan binding specificities of rHEL2 isolectins were comparable to that of peanut agglutinin in their ability to recognize O-glycans attached to leukosialin as tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens on the surface of K562 human leukemia cells.
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma		Humans	colon epithelia	Colonic Neoplasms	18375199	By using an optimized protocol for differential glycan analysis, sections of adenocarcinoma (n=28) and normal epithelia (n=12) of the colon were analyzed in an all-in-one manner.
O-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma		Humans	colon epithelia	Colonic Neoplasms	18375199	By using an optimized protocol for differential glycan analysis, sections of adenocarcinoma (n=28) and normal epithelia (n=12) of the colon were analyzed in an all-in-one manner.
galactosylation	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G					rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		Humans	serum		32192063	Our results suggested that total IgG purified from serum of RA patients shows significantly lower galactosylation (p = 0.0012), lower sialylation (p < 0.0001) and higher fucosylation (p = 0.0063) levels compared with healthy controls.
sialylation	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G					rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		Humans	serum		32192063	Our results suggested that total IgG purified from serum of RA patients shows significantly lower galactosylation (p = 0.0012), lower sialylation (p < 0.0001) and higher fucosylation (p = 0.0063) levels compared with healthy controls.
fucosylation	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G					rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		Humans	serum		32192063	Our results suggested that total IgG purified from serum of RA patients shows significantly lower galactosylation (p = 0.0012), lower sialylation (p < 0.0001) and higher fucosylation (p = 0.0063) levels compared with healthy controls.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A	T-synthase		C1GALT1 protein, human		Immunoglobulin A nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Human	plasma		25071157	Prior studies suggested that serum IgA1 from IgAN patients contains aberrant, undergalactosylated O-glycans, for example, Tn antigen and its sialylated version, SialylTn (STn), but the mechanisms underlying aberrant O-glycosylation are not well understood.
SialylTn (STn)	acquisition of structure	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A	T-synthase		C1GALT1 protein, human		Immunoglobulin A nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Human	plasma		25071157	Prior studies suggested that serum IgA1 from IgAN patients contains aberrant, undergalactosylated O-glycans, for example, Tn antigen and its sialylated version, SialylTn (STn), but the mechanisms underlying aberrant O-glycosylation are not well understood.
glycans on chimpanzee CD4	acquisition of structure	CD4		CD4 Antigens				risk	HIV-1 infection	HIV Infections|HIV-1		Pan troglodytes	CD4 receptor	CD4 Antigens	31113887	Doubly glycosylated forms of chimpanzee CD4 reduce HIV-1 and SIVcpz infection by as much as two orders of magnitude.
glycans on chimpanzee CD4	acquisition of structure	CD4		CD4 Antigens				risk	SIVcpz infection	Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome|Simian Immunodeficiency Virus		Pan troglodytes	CD4 receptor	CD4 Antigens	31113887	Doubly glycosylated forms of chimpanzee CD4 reduce HIV-1 and SIVcpz infection by as much as two orders of magnitude.
oligosaccharides with terminal 6SO4-Gal	loss of structure	langerin		CD207 protein, human					susceptibility to infection by microorganisms	Infections		human	Langerhans cells		24217250	Glycan array screening reveals that this amino acid change abolishes binding to oligosaccharides with terminal 6SO4-Gal and enhances binding to oligosaccharides with terminal GlcNAc residues.
oligosaccharides with terminal GlcNAc residues	acquisition of structure	langerin		CD207 protein, human					susceptibility to infection by microorganisms	Infections		human	Langerhans cells		24217250	Glycan array screening reveals that this amino acid change abolishes binding to oligosaccharides with terminal 6SO4-Gal and enhances binding to oligosaccharides with terminal GlcNAc residues.
N-glycoform	altered level	sRAGE		Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products				response	neointimal hyperplasia	Neointima	sRAGE(CHO) administration	Rat	carotid artery	Carotid Arteries	24132651	Specifically, a single dose of 3 ng/g of sRAGE(CHO) reduced neointimal hyperplasia by over 70%, whereas the same dose of sRAGE(Sf9) showed no effect.
N-glycoform	altered level	sRAGE		Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products				response	arterial inflammation		sRAGE(CHO) administration	Rat	carotid artery	Carotid Arteries	24132651	The administered sRAGE(CHO) is rapidly and specifically recruited to the injured arterial locus, suggesting that early intervention of arterial injury with sRAGE(CHO) may offset an inflammatory circuit and reduce the ensuing tissue remodeling.
Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF) antigen	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1				prognostic|risk	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		human	gastric adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma	11528254	These results indicate that TF and MUC1-TF immunoreactivity defines a 'high-risk' subgroup of stage I patients in gastric cancer.
glycosylated gp120	unaltered level	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	dendritic cells	Cells, Cultured	15518824	Thus, glycans present on gp120 may prevent the generation of antibodies that block the DC-SIGN-gp120 interactions.
non-glycosylated gp120	unaltered level	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	dendritic cells	Cells, Cultured	15518824	Moreover, the polyclonal antibodies against non-glycosylated gp120 efficiently inhibited HIV-1 capture by both DC-SIGN transfectants and immature dendritic cells.
alpha2,3-linked sialic acid	undetermined	CD24		CD24 Antigen					neurite outgrowth				cerebellar or dorsal root ganglion neurons	Neurons|Ganglia, Spinal	19458237	Here, we show that promotion or inhibition of neurite outgrowth of cerebellar or dorsal root ganglion neurons, respectively, induced by the mucin-type adhesion molecule CD24 depends on alpha2,3-linked sialic acid and Lewis(x) present on glia-specific CD24 glycoforms.
Lewis(x)	undetermined	CD24		CD24 Antigen					neurite outgrowth				cerebellar or dorsal root ganglion neurons	Neurons|Ganglia, Spinal	19458237	Here, we show that promotion or inhibition of neurite outgrowth of cerebellar or dorsal root ganglion neurons, respectively, induced by the mucin-type adhesion molecule CD24 depends on alpha2,3-linked sialic acid and Lewis(x) present on glia-specific CD24 glycoforms.
N-glycosylated	unaltered level	synaptophysin II		Synaptophysin								rat	brain	Brain	8229211	Our results reveal that syp II, similar to syp I, is an abundant, N-glycosylated membrane protein that is part of a heteromultimeric complex in synaptic vesicle membranes.
glycated proteins	increased level							diagnostic	diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		human	plasma	Plasma	21612289	Semiquantitative comparisons showed that glycation levels of a number of proteins were significantly increased in diabetes and that erythrocyte proteins were more extensively glycated than plasma proteins.
glycated proteins	increased level							diagnostic	diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		human	erythrocytes	Erythrocytes	21612289	Semiquantitative comparisons showed that glycation levels of a number of proteins were significantly increased in diabetes and that erythrocyte proteins were more extensively glycated than plasma proteins.
glycosylation	acquisition of structure	CD6		CD6 antigen					SNP	Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide		Human	T cells	Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte	26146185	We characterized the binding sites on CD6 and CD166 and showed that a SNP in CD6 causes glycosylation that hinders the CD6/CD166 interaction.
Tn-antigen	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					adenocarcinomas		immunotherapy	Humans			31729101	MUC1 is a membrane glycoprotein, which in adenocarninomas is overexpressed and exhibits truncated O-glycosylation.
MUC1	unaltered level	Mucin-1		Mucin-1					colorectal carcinomas	Colorectal Neoplasms	immunotherapy	Humans	tumour cells		8830738	No relation was observed between MUC1 expression, or the extent of its glycosylation, and Dukes' stage, tumour location and tumour differentiation, but a positive correlation was detected between the percentages of tumour cells expressing mucin-1 and the numbers of CD3+ infiltrating cells.
IgG1 Fc N-glycan galactosylation	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				predictive	parasitic infections	Schistosomiasis		Humans	serum/plasma		27306703	Linear mixed modelling showed that only positivity for parasitic infections was a significant predictor of reduced IgG1 galactosylation levels.
IgG1 Fc N-glycan galactosylation	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				predictive	asthma			Humans	serum/plasma		27306703	That IgG1 galactosylation is a predictor of immune activation is supported by the observation that asthmatic children seemed to have reduced IgG1 galactosylation levels as well.
fructolysine	increased level							response	diabetic complications	Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental	ozone treatment	rats	endothelial cell	Endothelium, Vascular	11712870	Taking into account that diabetes is a disorder associated with oxidative stress, we postulate that ozone treatment in our experimental conditions might protect antioxidant systems and maintain, at a physiological level, other markers of endothelial cell damage associated with diabetic complications.
advanced oxidation protein products	increased level							response	diabetic complications	Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental	ozone treatment	rats	endothelial cell	Endothelium, Vascular	11712870	Taking into account that diabetes is a disorder associated with oxidative stress, we postulate that ozone treatment in our experimental conditions might protect antioxidant systems and maintain, at a physiological level, other markers of endothelial cell damage associated with diabetic complications.
alpha2,6-linked N-acetylneuraminic acid	altered level								Carcinomas	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|Laryngeal Neoplasms|Tongue Neoplasms		Humans|Animals|Chick Embryo|Mice|Swine	squamous epithelia	Epithelial Cells	12645662	Differentiation-dependent expression of alpha2,6- and alpha2,3-linked N-acetylneuraminic acid in squamous epithelia and carcinomas, and its differential effect on binding of the endogenous lectins galectins-1 and -3.
alpha2,3-linked N-acetylneuraminic acid	altered level								Carcinomas	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|Laryngeal Neoplasms|Tongue Neoplasms		Humans|Animals|Chick Embryo|Mice|Swine	squamous epithelia	Epithelial Cells	12645662	Differentiation-dependent expression of alpha2,6- and alpha2,3-linked N-acetylneuraminic acid in squamous epithelia and carcinomas, and its differential effect on binding of the endogenous lectins galectins-1 and -3.
galactosylated glycans	increased level							diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	saliva	Saliva	32103424	The results showed that the expression level of galactosylated glycans recognized by BS-I was significantly increased in patients with breast cancer compared with HV (p < 0.05).
transferrin-derived glycans	altered level	transferrin		Transferrin					apoptosis	Apoptosis		human|mouse	marrow cells	Bone Marrow Cells	11301188	Deglycosylation of Tf abrogated this action of Tf; conversely, Tf-derived glycans (Tf-Gly) (but not glycans isolated from other proteins) mimicked the effects of the intact Tf molecule on apoptosis.
N-linked glycosylation	altered level	HER2		Receptor, ErbB-2				response	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	doxorubicin	Humans	cancer cells	Humans|Cell Line, Tumor	28223691	This study investigated the effect of N-linked glycosylation on the binding of Herceptin to HER2 protein in breast cancer and on the sensitivity of cancer cells to the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin (DXR) and growth factors (EGF and IGF-1).
N-linked glycosylation	altered level	HER2		Receptor, ErbB-2				response	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	growth factors	Humans	cancer cells	Humans|Cell Line, Tumor	28223691	This study investigated the effect of N-linked glycosylation on the binding of Herceptin to HER2 protein in breast cancer and on the sensitivity of cancer cells to the chemotherapeutic agent doxorubicin (DXR) and growth factors (EGF and IGF-1).
branching (biantennary) asialo- and agalacto-complex type N-glycans	increased ratio	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus	Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure	shunt operation	human	cerebrospinal fluid		21459485	To examine glycoform whether changes in iNPH, we introduced the Tf-2/Tf-1 ratio as a diagnostic index, which minimized blot-to-blot variations in measurement.
branching (biantennary) asialo- and agalacto-complex type N-glycans	increased ratio	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease			human	cerebrospinal fluid		21459485	The Tf-2/Tf-1 ratios of iNPH patients are significantly higher than those of controls (p = 0.0019) and Alzheimer's patients (p = 0.0010).
IgG Fc glycosylation	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	ANCA-associated vasculitis	Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis		Humans	serum|plasma		30818380	IgG1 Fc glycosylation of total IgG was significantly reduced in patients with active AAV compared to controls.
Fc-glycosylation of anti-MPO specific IgG	unaltered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	ANCA-associated vasculitis	Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis		Humans	plasma		30818380	Fc-glycosylation of anti-MPO specific IgG was similar to total IgG purified from plasma.
glycosylation within the variable domain on the Fab portion	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	ANCA-associated vasculitis	Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis		Humans	plasma		30818380	A major fraction of anti-MPO specific IgG harbor extensive glycosylation within the variable domain on the Fab portion.
α2,3sialylated T-antigen	increased level	mucin glycoproteins		Mucins	ST3Gal-II		Sialyltransferases|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		cancer	Neoplasms		human	cancer cells|tumor specimens|cancer sera	Cell Line, Tumor	22329400	Our previous studies suggest that the α2,3sialylated T-antigen (NeuAcα2,3Galβ1,3GalNac-) and associated glycan structures are likely to be elevated during cancer.
sialylated O-glycan	increased level	mucin glycoproteins		Mucins	ST3Gal-II		Sialyltransferases|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		cancer	Neoplasms		human	cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	22329400	While some cell lines like T47D had only one single sialylated O-glycan, others like LS180 and DU4475 contained a complex mixture of mucinous carbohydrates.
sialylated O-glycan	increased level	mucin glycoprotein		Mucins	ST3Gal-II		Sialyltransferases|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		pancreatic tumor			human	primary tumor cells		22329400	[14C]sialyl labeling of primary tumor cells identified a 25-35 kDa mucin glycoprotein unique to pancreatic tumor.
6'-sulfo-sialyl Lewis X	unaltered level	Siglec-F|Siglec-8		Siglecf protein, mouse|SIGLEC8 protein, human					eosinophil biology			Mouse|Human	eosinophils	Eosinophils	15972893	Here, we show that the sialoside sequence 6'-sulfo-sLe(X) (Neu5Acalpha2-3[6-SO4] Galbeta1-4[Fucalpha1-3]GlcNAc) is a preferred ligand for Siglec-F.
glycans	unaltered level	MUC1 protein, human		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1									glycoproteins	Glycoproteins	37824645	The submolecular imaging resolution corroborated by quantum mechanical modeling unveils whole structures and attachment sites of glycans in glycopeptides, glycolipids, N-glycoproteins, and O-glycoproteins densely decorated with glycans.
N-glycans with core and terminal fucose residues and bisecting GlcNAc	decreased level							diagnostic	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal|Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	pancreatic cancer tissues	Pancreas	33581409	N-glycans from CA19-9-expressing tissues tended to be biantennary, triantennary, and tetra-antennary structures with both core and terminal fucose residues and bisecting GlcNAc.
N-glycans with polylactosamine extensions	increased level							diagnostic	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal|Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	pancreatic cancer tissues	Pancreas	33581409	These N-glycans were detected in less abundance in sTRA-expressing tumor tissues, which favored triantennary and tetra-antennary structures with polylactosamine extensions.
N-glycans with increased sialylation	increased level							diagnostic	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal|Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	pancreatic cancer tissues	Pancreas	33581409	Increased sialylation of N-glycans was detected in all tumor tissues.
Neu5Ac	altered level	acute phase proteins		Acute-Phase Proteins|Glycoproteins				diagnostic	COVID-19	COVID-19		Human	serum	Humans	37341676	This is exemplified in serum samples from COVID-19 and cardiogenic shock patients showing significant changes in several acute phase proteins compared to healthy controls.
GlcNAc	altered level	acute phase proteins		Acute-Phase Proteins|Glycoproteins				diagnostic	COVID-19	COVID-19		Human	serum	Humans	37341676	This is exemplified in serum samples from COVID-19 and cardiogenic shock patients showing significant changes in several acute phase proteins compared to healthy controls.
Neu5Ac	altered level	acute phase proteins		Acute-Phase Proteins|Glycoproteins				diagnostic	cardiogenic shock			Human	serum	Humans	37341676	This is exemplified in serum samples from COVID-19 and cardiogenic shock patients showing significant changes in several acute phase proteins compared to healthy controls.
GlcNAc	altered level	acute phase proteins		Acute-Phase Proteins|Glycoproteins				diagnostic	cardiogenic shock			Human	serum	Humans	37341676	This is exemplified in serum samples from COVID-19 and cardiogenic shock patients showing significant changes in several acute phase proteins compared to healthy controls.
N-glycan	decreased level	Claudin-3	CLDN3	CLDN3 protein, human|Claudin-3				prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms	inhibiting N-glycan biosynthesis	human	colorectal cancer cells		32945502	A decrease in claudin‑3 levels concomitant with a reduction in phosphorylation levels of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and insulin‑like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) could be achieved by inhibiting N‑glycan biosynthesis in CRC cells.
N-glycan	decreased level	Claudin-3	CLDN3	CLDN3 protein, human|Claudin-3	MGAT5|ST6GAL1|B3GNT8		Mgat5 protein, human|ST6GAL1 protein, human|B3GNT8 protein, human	prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	colorectal cancer cells		32945502	The CMS1 (MSI immune) subtype concomitantly exhibited low expression levels of CLDN3 and N‑glycogenes (MGAT5, ST6GAL1, and B3GNT8), whereas CMS2 (canonical) exhibited high gene expression levels of CLDN3 and N‑glycogenes (ST6GAL1 and B3GNT8).
GlcNAc5,Hex6,Neu5Ac3	altered level							diagnostic	Mild cognitive impairment	Cognitive Dysfunction		Humans	serum	Serum	36359007	Additionally, the MRM validation of the identified data showed five isomeric N-glycans with the ability to discriminate between healthy and MCI patients: the sialylated N-glycans GlcNAc5,Hex6,Neu5Ac3 and GlcNAc6,Hex7,Neu5Ac4 with single AUCs of 0.92 and 0.87, respectively, and a combined AUC of 0.96; and the sialylated-fucosylated N-glycans GlcNAc4,Hex5,Fuc,Neu5Ac, GlcNAc5,Hex6,Fuc,Neu5Ac2, and GlcNAc6,Hex7,Fuc,Neu5Ac3 with single AUCs of 0.94, 0.67, and 0.88, respectively, and a combined AUC of 0.98.
GlcNAc6,Hex7,Neu5Ac4	altered level							diagnostic	Mild cognitive impairment	Cognitive Dysfunction		Humans	serum	Serum	36359007	Additionally, the MRM validation of the identified data showed five isomeric N-glycans with the ability to discriminate between healthy and MCI patients: the sialylated N-glycans GlcNAc5,Hex6,Neu5Ac3 and GlcNAc6,Hex7,Neu5Ac4 with single AUCs of 0.92 and 0.87, respectively, and a combined AUC of 0.96; and the sialylated-fucosylated N-glycans GlcNAc4,Hex5,Fuc,Neu5Ac, GlcNAc5,Hex6,Fuc,Neu5Ac2, and GlcNAc6,Hex7,Fuc,Neu5Ac3 with single AUCs of 0.94, 0.67, and 0.88, respectively, and a combined AUC of 0.98.
GlcNAc4,Hex5,Fuc,Neu5Ac	altered level							diagnostic	Mild cognitive impairment	Cognitive Dysfunction		Humans	serum	Serum	36359007	Additionally, the MRM validation of the identified data showed five isomeric N-glycans with the ability to discriminate between healthy and MCI patients: the sialylated N-glycans GlcNAc5,Hex6,Neu5Ac3 and GlcNAc6,Hex7,Neu5Ac4 with single AUCs of 0.92 and 0.87, respectively, and a combined AUC of 0.96; and the sialylated-fucosylated N-glycans GlcNAc4,Hex5,Fuc,Neu5Ac, GlcNAc5,Hex6,Fuc,Neu5Ac2, and GlcNAc6,Hex7,Fuc,Neu5Ac3 with single AUCs of 0.94, 0.67, and 0.88, respectively, and a combined AUC of 0.98.
GlcNAc5,Hex6,Fuc,Neu5Ac2	altered level							diagnostic	Mild cognitive impairment	Cognitive Dysfunction		Humans	serum	Serum	36359007	Additionally, the MRM validation of the identified data showed five isomeric N-glycans with the ability to discriminate between healthy and MCI patients: the sialylated N-glycans GlcNAc5,Hex6,Neu5Ac3 and GlcNAc6,Hex7,Neu5Ac4 with single AUCs of 0.92 and 0.87, respectively, and a combined AUC of 0.96; and the sialylated-fucosylated N-glycans GlcNAc4,Hex5,Fuc,Neu5Ac, GlcNAc5,Hex6,Fuc,Neu5Ac2, and GlcNAc6,Hex7,Fuc,Neu5Ac3 with single AUCs of 0.94, 0.67, and 0.88, respectively, and a combined AUC of 0.98.
GlcNAc6,Hex7,Fuc,Neu5Ac3	altered level							diagnostic	Mild cognitive impairment	Cognitive Dysfunction		Humans	serum	Serum	36359007	Additionally, the MRM validation of the identified data showed five isomeric N-glycans with the ability to discriminate between healthy and MCI patients: the sialylated N-glycans GlcNAc5,Hex6,Neu5Ac3 and GlcNAc6,Hex7,Neu5Ac4 with single AUCs of 0.92 and 0.87, respectively, and a combined AUC of 0.96; and the sialylated-fucosylated N-glycans GlcNAc4,Hex5,Fuc,Neu5Ac, GlcNAc5,Hex6,Fuc,Neu5Ac2, and GlcNAc6,Hex7,Fuc,Neu5Ac3 with single AUCs of 0.94, 0.67, and 0.88, respectively, and a combined AUC of 0.98.
sialyl Lewis X	acquisition of structure	soluble human complement receptor type 1		Receptors, Complement	alpha2-3 sialyltransferase ST3Gal-III|alpha1-3 fucosyltransferase FT-VI		beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase|Fucosyltransferases		ischemia-reperfusion injury			Humans	CHO cell line	CHO Cells	15190008	Recombinant soluble human complement receptor type 1 (sCR1) is a highly glycosylated glycoprotein intended for use as a drug to treat ischemia-reperfusion injury and other complement-mediated diseases and injuries.
sialyl Lewis X	acquisition of structure	soluble human complement receptor type 1		Receptors, Complement	alpha2-3 sialyltransferase ST3Gal-III|alpha1-3 fucosyltransferase FT-VI		beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase|Fucosyltransferases		complement-mediated diseases and injuries			Humans	CHO cell line	CHO Cells	15190008	Recombinant soluble human complement receptor type 1 (sCR1) is a highly glycosylated glycoprotein intended for use as a drug to treat ischemia-reperfusion injury and other complement-mediated diseases and injuries.
core fucosylation	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	serum		21417406	Both core and antennary fucosylation were elevated in pancreatic cancer samples compared to samples from benign conditions.
antennary fucosylation	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	serum		21417406	Both core and antennary fucosylation were elevated in pancreatic cancer samples compared to samples from benign conditions.
sialyl Lewis X	increased level	alpha 1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid					acute inflammation	Inflammation	laparotomy	human	sera	Humans	7679706	It is concluded that acute inflammation induces a strong increase in sialyl Lewis X-substituted AGP molecules that persists at a high level throughout the inflammatory period.
alpha 1-->3-fucosylated	increased level	alpha 1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid					acute inflammation	Inflammation	laparotomy	human	sera	Humans	7679706	We now report on acute inflammation-induced increases in alpha 1-->3-fucosylated AGP molecules, as detected by the reactivity of AGP towards the fucose-binding Aleuria aurantia lectin (AAL) in crossed affino-immunoelectrophoresis of human sera.
polysialic acid	unaltered level	neural cell adhesion molecule		Ncam1 protein, mouse				response	multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis	HIgM12	mouse	central nervous system	Neurons|Neuroglia	25866077	Here, we identified polysialic acid (PSA) attached to the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) as the antigen for HIgM12 by using different NCAM knockout strains and through PSA removal from the NCAM protein core.
polysialic acid	unaltered level	neural cell adhesion molecule		Ncam1 protein, mouse				response	neurodegenerative diseases	Neurodegenerative Diseases	HIgM12	mouse	central nervous system	Neurons|Neuroglia	25866077	We conclude that HIgM12 mediates its in vivo and in vitro effects through binding to PSA and has the potential to be an effective therapy for MS and neurodegenerative diseases.
Lewis X	acquisition of structure	α1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid											31256373	Here we describe the application of enzymatic sequence analysis to a mixture of N-glycans released from α1-acid glycoprotein.
sialylation	increased level	EGFR1|MUC1		ErbB Receptors|Mucin-1	sialyltransferase		Sialyltransferases	diagnostic|prognostic	cancer	Neoplasms	sialic acid supplementation	human	cancer cell	Cell Line, Tumor	26295436	Finally, the impact of sialic acid supplementation on specific markers implicated in cancer progression was demonstrated by measuring levels of expression and sialylation of EGFR1 and MUC1 as well as the corresponding function of sialic acid-supplemented cells in migration assays.
N-linked glycans	decreased level	LFA3TIP		Recombinant Fusion Proteins				response	rapid clearance			baboons	NS-0 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8885134	The disparate clearance profiles correlate with distinct glycosylation patterns, with LFA3TIP derived from NS-0 cells being less extensively sialylated than that from CHO cells due in part to alpha-galactosyl capping of selected lactosamine moieties in the N-linked glycans of NS-0 derived LFA3TIP.
N-acetylneuraminic acid	decreased level	LFA3TIP		Recombinant Fusion Proteins				response	rapid clearance			baboons	NS-0 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8885134	These results correlate the extent of N-acetylneuraminic acid capping with the clearance rates of LFA3TIP derived from the two distinct cell lines, and underscore the importance of evaluating glycosylation dependent PK parameters when choosing production cell lines for recombinant immunotherapeutics.
Fucalpha1-2Gal	decreased level	alpha3 integrin		Integrin alpha3beta1					breast cancer			human	epithelial cell lines	HeLa Cells	18852263	The detailed analysis has shown that depletion of CD151 resulted in the reduction of Fucalpha1-2Gal and bisecting GlcNAc-beta(1-->4) linkage on N-glycans of the alpha3 integrin subunit.
bisecting GlcNAc-beta(1-->4) linkage	decreased level	alpha3 integrin		Integrin alpha3beta1					breast cancer			human	epithelial cell lines	HeLa Cells	18852263	The detailed analysis has shown that depletion of CD151 resulted in the reduction of Fucalpha1-2Gal and bisecting GlcNAc-beta(1-->4) linkage on N-glycans of the alpha3 integrin subunit.
serum glycan markers	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		16823970	We were able to demonstrate the presence of at least 15 unique serum glycan markers in all patients but absent in normal individuals.
glycated albumin	increased level	albumin		Serum Albumin|Glycated Serum Albumin				diagnostic|predictive	diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		human	gingival crevicular fluid	Gingival Crevicular Fluid	25126693	GA was identified in GCF, and its amount/concentration in GCF samples from DM and DM-P were significantly higher than those of non-DM groups (H and CP).
glycated albumin	increased level	albumin		Serum Albumin|Glycated Serum Albumin				diagnostic|predictive	periodontitis	Periodontitis		human	gingival crevicular fluid	Gingival Crevicular Fluid	25126693	GA was identified in GCF, and its amount/concentration in GCF samples from DM and DM-P were significantly higher than those of non-DM groups (H and CP).
35-kDa birch pollen protein	unaltered level								pollen-related food allergies	Food Hypersensitivity		Human	birch pollen	Pollen	9519865	We therefore suggest that the 35-kDa birch pollen protein belongs to the IFR/IRL family and represents a minor allergen, possibly being responsible for less common pollen-related food allergies in patients allergic to birch pollen.
gp130	loss of structure	gp130		Viral Envelope Proteins					Simian Immunodeficiency Virus	Simian Immunodeficiency Virus		Human	Molt-4 clone 8 cells	Cell Line	1354467	Fully deglycosylated gp130 of 60 kD was still immunoprecipitable, but had lost the CD4 binding activity.
sialylation	altered level	alpha-1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		28621608	The sialylation and fucosylation of AGP were different among HCC, cirrhosis and controls.
fucosylation	altered level	alpha-1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		28621608	The sialylation and fucosylation of AGP were different among HCC, cirrhosis and controls.
sialylation	altered level	alpha-1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic	cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		28621608	The sialylation and fucosylation of AGP were different among HCC, cirrhosis and controls.
fucosylation	altered level	alpha-1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic	cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		28621608	The sialylation and fucosylation of AGP were different among HCC, cirrhosis and controls.
advanced glycation end products	increased level								AA amyloidosis	Amyloidosis		Humans	plasma		17191033	An increase in serum levels of AOPP and AGEs was found in the AA-RA group in comparison with nonAA-RA patients and also with Co (p < 0.001 for all comparisons).
advanced oxidation protein products	increased level								AA amyloidosis	Amyloidosis		Humans	plasma		17191033	An increase in serum levels of AOPP and AGEs was found in the AA-RA group in comparison with nonAA-RA patients and also with Co (p < 0.001 for all comparisons).
sialyl-Tn	acquisition of structure								colonic carcinogenesis	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	colonic mucosa	Intestinal Mucosa	9530954	This suggests that normal colonic mucosa expresses monomeric STn epitopes, but that with transformation to malignancy, clustered STn epitopes appear.
glycosylation	unaltered level	CD26		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4					T cell activation			Mice	T cells	T-Lymphocyte Subsets	10841948	The membrane proximal glycosylation rich region of CD26 is sufficient to transduce costimulatory signals.
mannose-specific banana lectin	unaltered level							response	immune response modulation			Humans	PBMCs	Humans	18083059	Besides, the immunomodulatory potential of rBanLec and nBanLec were comparable as assessed by an inhibition assay and a human T cell proliferation assay where they induced a strong proliferation response in CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ populations of human PBMCs.
GlycA	increased level							diagnostic	acute Kawasaki disease	Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome	IVIG	Humans	serum		27596163	GlycA was elevated in acute KD subjects compared to febrile controls with bacterial or viral infections, IVIG-treated subacute and convalescent KD subjects, and healthy children (P <0.0001).
Ncr1-Noé glycosylation pattern	altered level	Ncr1-Noé		NCR1 protein, human|Natural Cytotoxicity Triggering Receptor 1|Ncr1 protein, mouse					NK hyperactivated phenotype			mouse	NK cells		26371250	We further show that the glycosylation pattern of Ncr1-Noé is aberrant, that the Ncr1-Noé proteins accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum, and that the expression of Ncr1-Noé proteins, but not WT Ncr1, leads to increased Helios expression.
Asn-linked glycosylation	unaltered level	Proteinase 3		Myeloblastin					Wegener's granulomatosis	Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis		Humans			19646346	The glycosylation status of autoantigens appears to be crucial for the pathogenesis of some autoimmune diseases, since carbohydrates play a crucial role in the distinction of self from non-self.
N-glycosylated NPC2	unaltered level	NPC2		NPC2 protein, rat					allergic response			rat	mast cell line, RBL-2H3	Cell Line	20001954	Glycosylated NPC2 is secreted early in response to an IgE-mediated stimulus and co-localizes with the lysosomal membrane marker, CD63.
poly N-acetyl lactosamine	acquisition of structure	CD63		CD63 protein, human					dendritic cell maturation			human	dendritic cells	Dendritic Cells	12755696	Here we report that the tetraspanin CD63, that associates with intracellularly localized MHC class II molecules in immature dendritic cells, was modified post-translationally by poly N-acetyl lactosamine addition during maturation.
N-linked glycosylation	unaltered level	hGH-DAF		Growth Hormone									COS cells	Cell Line	1385443	Since N-linked glycosylation is postulated to facilitate the transport of proteins to the cell surface, we engineered a glycosylation site into hGH-DAF.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	Mucins		Mucins					colonic cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	colonic tissues	Colonic Neoplasms	1515998	All nine colonic cancer cell lines expressed Tn antigen; sialosyl-Tn and T antigens were expressed by the more mucin-producing cell lines.
sialosyl-Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	Mucins		Mucins					colonic cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	colonic tissues	Colonic Neoplasms	1515998	All nine colonic cancer cell lines expressed Tn antigen; sialosyl-Tn and T antigens were expressed by the more mucin-producing cell lines.
T antigen	acquisition of structure	Mucins		Mucins					colonic cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	colonic tissues	Colonic Neoplasms	1515998	All nine colonic cancer cell lines expressed Tn antigen; sialosyl-Tn and T antigens were expressed by the more mucin-producing cell lines.
core-type fucosylated	increased level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic|predictive	high-risk prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		33594666	It is known that core-type fucosylation is higher in prostate cancer cells than in other cancer cell types and is associated with high-risk prostate cancer.
N(6)-carboxymethyllysine	increased level							diagnostic	impaired metabolic health			human	urine		31827677	Urinary analyte changes were as follows: impaired metabolic health-increased N <sub><i>ε</i></sub> -carboxymethyl-lysine, glucosepane, glutamic semialdehyde, and pyrraline; impaired vascular health-increased glucosepane; and impaired renal health-increased BCAAs and decreased N <sub><i>ε</i></sub> -(<i>γ</i>-glutamyl)lysine.
glucosepane	increased level							diagnostic	impaired metabolic health			human	urine		31827677	Urinary analyte changes were as follows: impaired metabolic health-increased N <sub><i>ε</i></sub> -carboxymethyl-lysine, glucosepane, glutamic semialdehyde, and pyrraline; impaired vascular health-increased glucosepane; and impaired renal health-increased BCAAs and decreased N <sub><i>ε</i></sub> -(<i>γ</i>-glutamyl)lysine.
glucosepane	increased level							diagnostic	impaired vascular health			human	urine		31827677	Urinary analyte changes were as follows: impaired metabolic health-increased N <sub><i>ε</i></sub> -carboxymethyl-lysine, glucosepane, glutamic semialdehyde, and pyrraline; impaired vascular health-increased glucosepane; and impaired renal health-increased BCAAs and decreased N <sub><i>ε</i></sub> -(<i>γ</i>-glutamyl)lysine.
glycated human serum albumin	undetermined	human serum albumin		Serum Albumin				monitoring	diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		human	blood		24533899	The most common markers for monitoring patients with diabetes are glucose and HbA1c, but additional markers such as glycated human serum albumin (HSA) have been identified that could address the glycation gap and bridge the time scales of glycemia between transient and 2-3 months.
glycated apolipoprotein A-I	undetermined	apolipoprotein A-I		Apolipoprotein A-I				monitoring	diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		human	blood		24533899	We have developed a new assay that is able to measure glucose, HbA1c, glycated HSA, and glycated apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) for monitoring of individual blood glycemia, as well as cysteinylated HSA, S-nitrosylated HbA, and methionine-oxidized apoA-I for gauging oxidative stress and cardiovascular risks, all in 5 μL of blood.
N-glycosylation	altered level	ICAM-2		ICAM-2 protein, mouse				prognostic	neuroblastoma	Neuroblastoma		mouse	SK-N-AS neuroblastoma cells	Cell Line, Tumor	23714211	Reduced glycosylation of ICAM-2 significantly attenuated, but did not abolish, its ability to suppress metastatic properties of NB cells.
pentosidine	increased level	epidermal proteins						risk	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	plantar epidermis	Epidermis	16436338	There was a significantly greater concentration of pentosidine in the SC samples from people with T2DM (p = 0.001).
glycosylated proteins	undetermined	alpha-2u-Globulin							proteinuria		puromycin-induced	rat	urinary proteins	Urine	15924400	This protocol was also applied to the analysis of urinary proteins from a male rat with puromycin-induced proteinuria.
glycosylated proteins	undetermined	albumin							proteinuria		puromycin-induced	rat	urinary proteins	Urine	15924400	This protocol was also applied to the analysis of urinary proteins from a male rat with puromycin-induced proteinuria.
MUC2 mucin glycoforms	altered level	MUC2		MUC2 protein, human|Mucin-2					human intestinal tumours			human	colorectal carcinoma tissue		10493965	The results are in accord with the view that aberrant patterns of glycosylation of mucins in human intestinal tumours produces a spectrum of variably glycosylated macromolecules.
CD41/CD61 complex	unaltered level	Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex		Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex					thrombocyte aggregation			Ictalurus punctatus|Ictalurus furcatus	thrombocytes	Blood Platelets	9260904	These antibodies induce catfish thrombocyte aggregation and alteration of cell shape.
glycosylated G-CSF	altered level	G-CSF		Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor					hematopoietic progenitor cell growth			human	peripheral blood cells	Hematopoietic Stem Cells	8712701	Since there is accumulating evidence that glycosylation plays a role in the in vitro activity of the G-CSF molecule, we compared the biological potency of lenograstim and filgrastim on human hematopoietic progenitor cells by colony assay in semisolid medium and ex vivo expansion experiments.
CD28 glycan	altered level	CD28		CD28 Antigens					T lymphocyte activation	Lymphocyte Activation		Human	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	8662792	We have developed a deglycosylation procedure that allows the precise identification of a distinct CD28 protein band, facilitating the analysis of activation-dependent changes in the phosphorylation state of CD28.
galactose-deficient hinge-region O-glycans	increased level	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A				diagnostic|predictive	IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans	serum		21784819	Sera from IgAN patients showed higher levels of Gd-IgA1, %HAA, and AOPPs, but lower levels of SH-Alb in comparison to that from healthy controls.
O-glycosylations	altered level							diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	sera		20886906	As proof-of-principle, tumor -specific glycopeptide reporter epitopes were built-in into the libraries and were detected by tumor-specific monoclonal antibodies and autoantibodies from cancer patients.
Gal3C-S-OPN/full-length-OPN	increased level	Osteopontin		Osteopontin				diagnostic	urolithiasis	Urinary Calculi	ureteroscopic lithotripsy	Humans	urine		31877766	In the retrospective cohort, urinary Gal3C-S lectin reactive- (Gal3C-S-) OPN/full-length-OPN, was significantly higher in the stone forming urolithiasis patients than in the healthy volunteers (<i>p</i> < 0.0001), with good discrimination (AUC, 0.953), 90% sensitivity, and 92% specificity.
polyLacNAc structure	acquisition of structure	Osteopontin		Osteopontin				diagnostic	urolithiasis	Urinary Calculi		Humans	urine		31877766	The <i>Lycopersicon esculentum</i> lectin analysis of urinary full-length-OPN showed that urinary full-length-OPN in stone forming urolithiasis patients had a polyLacNAc structure that was not observed in healthy volunteers.
sialyl-Lewis x	increased level	mucins			alpha2,3-sialyltransferase	ST3Gal-III|ST3Gal-IV	Sialyltransferases		lung infection			human	bronchial mucosa	Bronchi	11679593	These results are consistent with the observation of oversialylation and increased expression sialyl-Lewis x epitopes on human airway mucins secreted by patients with severe lung infection such as those with cystic fibrosis, whose airways are colonized by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Lewis x	increased level	mucins			alpha1,3-fucosyltransferase	FUT3|FUT4	Fucosyltransferases		lung infection			human	bronchial mucosa	Bronchi	11679593	These results are consistent with the observation of oversialylation and increased expression sialyl-Lewis x epitopes on human airway mucins secreted by patients with severe lung infection such as those with cystic fibrosis, whose airways are colonized by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
alpha 1-antichymotrypsin glycosylation	altered level	alpha 1-antichymotrypsin		alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin				prognostic	myocardial infarction	Myocardial Infarction		Humans	blood		7544326	Similarly, the glycosylation profile of alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, reported as reactivity coefficient, was of good prognostic value from the first time-point on.
C-reactive protein glycosylation	altered level	C-reactive protein		C-Reactive Protein				prognostic	myocardial infarction	Myocardial Infarction		Humans	blood		7544326	At admission, as well as after 6 and 12 h, C-reactive protein concentration was significantly higher in patients who developed heart failure.
high mannose-glycosylated	unaltered level	lactase-phlorizin hydrolase		Lactase-Phlorizin Hydrolase								pig	jejunal mucosal explants	Jejunum	7906143	In contrast to the other brush border enzymes studied, lactase-phlorizin hydrolase (EC 3.2.1.23-62) was found to occur predominantly as a monomer in its transient, high mannose-glycosylated state.
N-linked glycosylation	altered level	galectin 3 binding protein		LGALS3BP protein, human				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	plasma		38345243	It was reported that the protein expression level of galectin 3 binding protein (LGALS3BP) and its N-linked glycosylation at the N398 and N551 sites might serve as valuable candidates for HCC diagnosis.
α2,3-sialic acid	altered level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	high-risk prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		28420168	In the present study, we have compared the PHI with our recently developed PSA glycoform assay, based on the determination of the α2,3-sialic acid percentage of serum PSA (% α2,3-SA), in a cohort of 79 patients, which include 50 PCa of different grades and 29 benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) patients.
glycosylated acute-phase proteins	increased level							diagnostic	impaired fasting glucose			Humans	plasma		25977069	The aim of our study was to determine potential relationships between GlycA and adiposity, insulin resistance (HOMA(ir)), high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), leptin, adiponectin, and the leptin/adiponectin ratio, and to test whether GlycA is elevated in subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
glycosylated acute-phase proteins	increased level							diagnostic	type 2 diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	plasma		25977069	The aim of our study was to determine potential relationships between GlycA and adiposity, insulin resistance (HOMA(ir)), high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), leptin, adiponectin, and the leptin/adiponectin ratio, and to test whether GlycA is elevated in subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
O-mannosylation	undetermined	alpha-dystroglycan		Dystroglycans								human	epithelial cell lines	Cell Line	18456664	We demonstrate that O-mannosylation within the mucin domain of hDG occurs preferentially at Thr/Ser residues that are flanked by basic amino acids.
sialoglycoprotein CD43	altered level	CD43		Leukosialin|Sialoglycoproteins				diagnostic	Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome	Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome		Humans	peripheral blood mononuclear cells	T-Lymphocytes	8167744	The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is associated with defective glycosylation and altered membrane expression of the leukocyte sialoglycoprotein CD43.
N-glycosylation	altered level							response	PMM2-congenital disorders of glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation	epalrestat	Humans	fibroblasts		34652821	Total protein N-glycosylation improved upon epalrestat treatment bringing overall glycosylation toward the control fibroblasts' glycosylation profile.
sorbitol	increased level							diagnostic|response	PMM2-congenital disorders of glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation	epalrestat	Humans	urine		34652821	Sorbitol levels were increased in the urine of 74% of patients with PMM2-CDG and correlated with the presence of peripheral neuropathy, and CDG severity rating scale.
N-glycosylation	altered level	Haptoglobin-related protein|haptoglobin|afamin|transferrin|immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 1 (IGHG1)|immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 2 (IGHG2)		Haptoglobins|Haptoglobins|||				diagnostic|risk	chronic kidney disease	Renal Insufficiency, Chronic		Humans	urine		39000114	Haptoglobin-related protein, haptoglobin, afamin, transferrin, and immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 1 (IGHG1) and 2 (IGHG2) showed increased levels in HN patients, pointing to disturbed iron metabolism and tubular reabsorption and supporting the tubule as a target of interest in the early progression of CKD.
asialo-GM1	undetermined	bovine serum albumin		Serum Albumin, Bovine								Cattle			18384830	It was derivatized with either the oligosaccharide portion of asialo-GM1 or with lactose.
LacCer	undetermined	bovine serum albumin		Serum Albumin, Bovine								Cattle			18384830	These sugars were used because ricin was found to adhere more effectively to asialo-GM1 and LacCer immobilized on plastic than to the other glycosphingolipids tested.
transferrin	decreased level	carnosinase 1		CNDP1 protein, human				diagnostic	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		Humans	serum		39226631	This study investigates the potential of using the glycoprotein carnosinase 1 (CN1) activity as a diagnostic marker for CDG patients.
glucose monomycolate	unaltered level								mycobacterial infection			Humans	Antigen-Presenting Cells	Antigen-Presenting Cells	10065632	T cell recognition of glucose monomycolate (GMM) was blocked by agents that fix APC membranes or neutralize the pH of endosomes, indicating a requirement for GMM uptake into an acidic compartment prior to recognition.
trehalose dimycolate	unaltered level								mycobacterial infection			Humans	Antigen-Presenting Cells	Antigen-Presenting Cells	10065632	APCs were also unable to cleave mycobacterial trehalose dimycolate (TDM) at its most chemically labile linkages to yield antigenic free mycolates or GMM.
IL-13-binding protein	altered level								immune response to infection			mice	serum and urine		9083087	In this paper we describe the presence of a 45,000-50,000 Mr IL-13-binding protein (IL-13BP) in the serum and urine of mice.
N-glycosylation	undetermined	CD59		Antigens, CD|CD59 Antigens|Membrane Glycoproteins								Rats	Kidney	Kidney	7528012	An N-glycosylation site was identified at Asn-16 and a putative glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor addition site at Asn-79, indicating that the mature processed protein was two residues longer than human CD59.
CD86	altered level	CD86		CD86 protein, human					T cell activation			Human	T cells	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes	9366404	Biochemical analysis demonstrates that post-translational modifications of CD86 in human T cells are different from those of CD86-transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells or EBV-transformed B cells, in that T cells express a hypoglycosylated form of CD86 on the surface membrane.
Lewis x carbohydrate epitope	acquisition of structure				FUT9		Fucosyltransferases					Humans		Humans	10622713	This indicated that FUT9 exhibits more efficient activity for the synthesis of Lewis x carbohydrate epitope (Le(x); CD15; stage-specific embryonal antigen-1 (SSEA-1)).
mannose 6-phosphate residues	unaltered level	SAP precursor		Membrane Glycoproteins					I-cell disease			human	fibroblasts	Fibroblasts	8943309	To determine whether targeting of SAP precursor depends on mannose 6-phosphate residues, we analyzed the processing of SAP precursor in I-cell disease fibroblasts.
mannose 6-phosphate residues	unaltered level	SAP precursor		Membrane Glycoproteins					I-cell disease			mouse	fibroblasts	Fibroblasts	8943309	To our surprise, deglycosylated SAP precursor was taken up by mannose 6-phosphate receptor double knock out mouse fibroblasts more efficiently than the glycosylated protein.
beta-D-Gal p-(1-->3)-alpha-D-Gal pNAc-(1-->O)-L-threonine	unaltered level	sialophorin		Leukosialin|SPN protein, human|Sialoglycoproteins								human		Humans	7780990	A hexapeptide containing a beta-D-Gal p-(1-->3)-alpha-D-Gal pNAc-(1-->O)-L-threonine unit was synthesized using glycosylated pentafluorophenyl esters in an Fmoc-based strategy.
N-glycosylation variants	unaltered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen					benign prostatic hyperplasia	Prostatic Hyperplasia		Humans			7522590	We observed similar percentages of prostate-specific antigen bound to concanavalin A-Sepharose for benign prostatic hyperplasia (86.3% +/- 7.5, mean +/- SD) and carcinoma patients (81.8% +/- 12.0, mean +/- SD), when sufficient concanavalin A-Sepharose was added to allow optimal binding, and when samples with high prostate-specific antigen concentrations were not pre-diluted before incubation with concanavalin A-Sepharose.
N-glycosylation variants	unaltered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen					prostatic carcinoma	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans			7522590	We observed similar percentages of prostate-specific antigen bound to concanavalin A-Sepharose for benign prostatic hyperplasia (86.3% +/- 7.5, mean +/- SD) and carcinoma patients (81.8% +/- 12.0, mean +/- SD), when sufficient concanavalin A-Sepharose was added to allow optimal binding, and when samples with high prostate-specific antigen concentrations were not pre-diluted before incubation with concanavalin A-Sepharose.
N-linked oligosaccharide	unaltered level	IgA		Oligosaccharides								Human	immunoglobulin	Immunoglobulin A	1417879	In further support of the findings, we have established that N-linked oligosaccharide moieties of IgA have no significant bearing in the lectin-immunoglobulin binding.
glycophospholipid	loss of structure	Thy-1		Thy-1 Antigens					lymphoma	Lymphoma			lymphoma mutants		2904699	This unit is absent from the Thy-1 of several lymphoma mutants that synthesize the Thy-1 polypeptide but fail to express it at the cell surface.
sialylated glycan	decreased level	mucus or membrane-bound glycoproteins			sialyl-transferase		Sialyltransferases		profound modifications in nutritional status			rat	intestinal mucosa	Intestinal Mucosa	2443895	The N-acetylgalactosaminyl-transferase activity was constant whereas the sialyl-transferase activity, which was maintained at a rather high level until the age of 2 wk, decreased just before weaning, while the fucosyl-transferase activity declined progressively from birth to weaning.
fucosylated glycan	decreased level	mucus or membrane-bound glycoproteins			fucosyl-transferase		Fucosyltransferases		profound modifications in nutritional status			rat	intestinal mucosa	Intestinal Mucosa	2443895	The N-acetylgalactosaminyl-transferase activity was constant whereas the sialyl-transferase activity, which was maintained at a rather high level until the age of 2 wk, decreased just before weaning, while the fucosyl-transferase activity declined progressively from birth to weaning.
α2,3-sialyl N-glycosylated	increased level	prostate-specific membrane antigen		Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II|Antigens, Surface|FOLH1 protein, human				prognostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	post-DRE urine		38734979	There are significant increases in α2,3-sialylated PSMA in patients with Grade Group ≥2 disease compared to benign (p = 0.0009) and those with Grade Group 1 disease (p = 0.0063).
glycosylation	increased level							diagnostic	Multiple myeloma	Multiple Myeloma		Humans	plasma		34871540	In this study, we show, using lectin blots with AANL6, that glycosylation levels were higher in MM patients than in controls.
cell surface carbohydrates	altered level	cell surface glycoproteins		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic	glioblastoma multiforme	Glioblastoma		Humans	T98G cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	29136334	Of cell surface glycoproteins showing significant increases in T98G cells, five proteins were selected for verification of both protein and glycosylation level changes using Western blot and GS I lectin-based immunosorbent assay.
glycosylated PD-L1	increased level	PD-L1		B7-H1 Antigen					cancer		gefitnib|SCH772984|PYR41	human	tumor cell line	Humans|Cell Line, Tumor	28319808	Further characterization of EGF-induced PD-L1 ubiquitination revealed a significant increase in mono- and multiubiquitination of PD-L1 that occurred on glycosylated PD-L1.
glycosylation isoforms	altered level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	alcohol abuse			Humans	serum		21792595	Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) is a specific biomarker of alcohol abuse, and for diagnosis of chronic alcohol, abuse is often determined using isoelectric focusing (IEF) and chromatographic techniques.
O-glycosylation	altered level	mucin 1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1	polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 6	GALNT6	N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases		breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer cells	Humans	20215525	Western blot and immunostaining analyses indicated that wild-type GALNT6 protein could glycosylate and stabilize an oncoprotein mucin 1 (MUC1), which was upregulated with GALNT6 in breast cancer specimens.
Asn-linked glycosylation	altered level	Proteinase 3		Myeloblastin					Wegener's granulomatosis			Humans	neutrophil		17158864	PR3 is the target antigen for autoantibodies (ANCA) in Wegener's granulomatosis, a necrotizing vasculitis syndrome.
N-linked glycosylation	acquisition of structure	IgA		Immunoglobulin A					pathogen evasion			mouse	IgA receptor	IgA receptor	21784854	Curiously, mouse but not rat IgA contains a putative N-linked glycosylation site in the center of this host receptor and pathogen-binding site.
TCR glycosylation	altered level	TCR.CD3 complex		Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta					CD8+ T cell condition			Human	CD8+ T cells	CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	15060077	Finally, immunoprecipitation studies on purified primary CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells revealed the existence of TCR glycosylation differences between the two.
TCR glycosylation	unaltered level	TCR.CD3 complex		Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta					CD4+ T cell condition			Human	CD4+ T cells	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes	15060077	Finally, immunoprecipitation studies on purified primary CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells revealed the existence of TCR glycosylation differences between the two.
Glycosylation	unaltered level	gp140 envelope protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1		gp140 envelope protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1				response	AIDS		vaccine	Macaca mulatta	mammalian cell cultures	Macaca mulatta	14512572	The envelope (Env) glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is the major target of neutralizing antibody responses and is likely to be a critical component of an effective vaccine against AIDS.
MUC1	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	serum		11192829	CA 15-3 (also known as MUC1) is the most widely used serum marker in breast cancer.
glycosylation	altered level	human tibrovirus glycoprotein		Viral Envelope Proteins				diagnostic	severe disease		diagnostic tools, vaccines, and effective therapies	Humans	human-derived cells	Humans	38953631	Human tibroviruses are poorly characterized emerging rhabdoviruses associated with either asymptomatic infection or severe disease with a case fatality rate as high as 60% in humans.
alpha-L-Fuc-(1-->2)-beta-D-Gal-(1-->4)-D-GlcNAc	undetermined				alpha-L-fucosidase		alpha-L-Fucosidase					Swine	liver	Liver	10573857	An alpha-L-fucosidase from porcine liver produced alpha-L-Fuc-(1-->2)-beta-D-Gal-(1-->4)-D-GlcNAc (2'-O-alpha-L-fucosyl-N-acetyllactosamine, 1) together with its isomers alpha-L-Fuc-(1-->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1-->4)-D-GlcNAc (2) and alpha-L-Fuc-(1-->6)-beta-D-Gal-(1-->4)-D-GlcNAc (3) through a transglycosylation reaction from p-nitrophenyl alpha-L-fucopyranoside and beta-D-Gal-(1-->4)-D-GlcNAc.
alpha-L-Fuc-(1-->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1-->4)-D-GlcNAc	undetermined				alpha-L-fucosidase		alpha-L-Fucosidase					Swine	liver	Liver	10573857	An alpha-L-fucosidase from porcine liver produced alpha-L-Fuc-(1-->2)-beta-D-Gal-(1-->4)-D-GlcNAc (2'-O-alpha-L-fucosyl-N-acetyllactosamine, 1) together with its isomers alpha-L-Fuc-(1-->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1-->4)-D-GlcNAc (2) and alpha-L-Fuc-(1-->6)-beta-D-Gal-(1-->4)-D-GlcNAc (3) through a transglycosylation reaction from p-nitrophenyl alpha-L-fucopyranoside and beta-D-Gal-(1-->4)-D-GlcNAc.
alpha-L-Fuc-(1-->6)-beta-D-Gal-(1-->4)-D-GlcNAc	undetermined				alpha-L-fucosidase		alpha-L-Fucosidase					Swine	liver	Liver	10573857	An alpha-L-fucosidase from porcine liver produced alpha-L-Fuc-(1-->2)-beta-D-Gal-(1-->4)-D-GlcNAc (2'-O-alpha-L-fucosyl-N-acetyllactosamine, 1) together with its isomers alpha-L-Fuc-(1-->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1-->4)-D-GlcNAc (2) and alpha-L-Fuc-(1-->6)-beta-D-Gal-(1-->4)-D-GlcNAc (3) through a transglycosylation reaction from p-nitrophenyl alpha-L-fucopyranoside and beta-D-Gal-(1-->4)-D-GlcNAc.
alpha-L-Fuc-(1-->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1-->4)-D-Glc	undetermined				alpha-L-fucosidase		alpha-L-Fucosidase					Swine	liver	Liver	10573857	When beta-D-Gal-(1-->4)-D-GlcNAc and lactose were acceptors, the enzyme formed regioselectively compound 2 and alpha-L-Fuc-(1-->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1-->4)-D-Glc (3'-O-alpha-L-fucosyllactose, 4), respectively, in 54 and 34% yields, based on the donor.
O-glycosidic-linked carbohydrates	unaltered level	agrin|enterokinase|63-kDa sea urchin sperm protein|perlecan|MUCI (episialin)|cell surface antigen 114/A10|Caenorhabditis elegans proteins		Agrin|Enteropeptidase||perlecan|Mucin-1||					breast cancer						7670383	In addition, the better characterized proteins mentioned above contain all O-glycosidic-linked carbohydrates such as heparan sulfate that contribute considerably to their molecular masses.
Asn-linked light chain carbohydrate	altered level	antilymphoma antibody (LL2)		Antibodies, Neoplasm					lymphoma	Lymphoma					7493334	Site-specific introduction of metal-chelating groups into F(ab')2 fragments of an antilymphoma antibody (LL2) possessing a natural Asn-linked light chain carbohydrate and an anti-carcinoembryonic antigen antibody (hImmu-14-N) grafted with a light chain carbohydrate site is described.
light chain carbohydrate site	altered level	anti-carcinoembryonic antigen antibody (hImmu-14-N)		Antibodies, Neoplasm					carcinoembryonic antigen	Carcinoembryonic Antigen					7493334	Site-specific introduction of metal-chelating groups into F(ab')2 fragments of an antilymphoma antibody (LL2) possessing a natural Asn-linked light chain carbohydrate and an anti-carcinoembryonic antigen antibody (hImmu-14-N) grafted with a light chain carbohydrate site is described.
N-glycosylation	unaltered level	cathepsin V		Cathepsins					thyroid function			Humans	thyroid epithelial cells	Thyroid Epithelial Cells	33266306	Colocalization studies with compartment-specific markers and analyses of post-translational modifications revealed that the chimeric protein was sorted into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum and subsequently transported to the Golgi apparatus, while being N-glycosylated.
oligosaccharides	loss of structure				Glycoside Hydrolases		Glycoside Hydrolases		bacteremia			mammalian	cell surface	Cell Membrane	33260488	We show that deglycosylation of cell surface structures by glycosidase treatment, or inhibition of protein N- and O-glycosylation by chemical inhibitors substantially reduces RtxA binding to target cells.
oligosaccharides	loss of structure				Glycoside Hydrolases		Glycoside Hydrolases		skeletal system infections			mammalian	cell surface	Cell Membrane	33260488	We show that deglycosylation of cell surface structures by glycosidase treatment, or inhibition of protein N- and O-glycosylation by chemical inhibitors substantially reduces RtxA binding to target cells.
Sialyl-Lex	decreased level	gp150		Sialyl Lewis X Antigen	core 2 GlcNAc-transferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase		pre-B lymphocytic leukemia	Leukemia, B-Cell	12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate	human	KM3 cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9756922	Sialyl-Lex (sLex) antigen expression recognized by KM93 monoclonal antibody was significantly down-regulated during differentiation induced by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in human pre-B lymphocytic leukemia cell line KM3.
N-glycan	altered level	Pregnancy-Specific beta 1-Glycoproteins		Pregnancy-Specific beta 1-Glycoproteins					Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute	Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute		Humans	HL-60 cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	2789512	Both genomic and cDNA clones encoding a precursor for a pregnancy-specific beta 1-glycoprotein (PS beta G) belonging to the CEA family, expressed in a human promyelocytic leukemia cell line, HL-60, have been isolated and the entire primary structure of the precursor is deduced.
N-glycosylated peptides	increased level	galectin-3 binding proteins	LGALS3BP	LGALS3BP protein, human				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	plasma		28627758	The authors analysis indicated that the level of N-glycosylated peptides derived from galectin-3 binding proteins (LGALS3BP) were frequently elevated in plasma from PDAC patients, concurrent with the altered N-glycosylation of LGALS3BP observed in the tumor tissue.
N-linked glycosylation	unaltered level	anti-CD20 IgG1 monoclonal antibody		Antibodies, Monoclonal|Antigens, CD20|Immunoglobulin G											20939185	By comparison of molecular masses and peptide maps for the fully glycosylated and deglycosylated samples, the N-linked glycosylation site was identified.
breast epithelial mucin	altered level							diagnostic|prognostic	breast cancer		diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy	Humans	breast carcinoma tissue	Breast	7680246	Since the breast epithelial mucin is now used in both diagnostic and therapeutic modalities for breast cancer, and also because altered or incomplete glycosylation in varying degrees is expected in breast carcinoma tissue, the antigenic target used here was the native mucin and sequential stages of deglycosylation introduced to it by HF treatment.
high-mannose N-linked carbohydrate chains	altered level	aminooligopeptidase		Aminopeptidases|CD13 Antigens								human	intestinal explants	Duodenum	3360263	Only the early Mr 127,000 aminooligopeptidase was sensitive to endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase H, suggesting that the larger form results from trimming of high-mannose cores and adding terminal sugars in the Golgi complex.
complex N-linked carbohydrate chains	altered level	aminooligopeptidase		Aminopeptidases|CD13 Antigens								human	intestinal explants	Duodenum	3360263	Both forms were sensitive to peptide: N4-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl)asparagine amidase, generating an Mr 114,000 species.
Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer	altered level							diagnostic|monitoring|risk	hepatitis C	Hepatitis C		Humans	liver	Humans	32977741	The aim of this study was to determine correlations among METAVIR scores and FibroScan, Virtual-Touch tissue quantification (VTQ), fibrosis index based on four factors (FIB-4 index), and Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) level, and for examine differences in the reliability of non-invasive methods to evaluate fibrosis.
high mannose glycoproteins	increased level				glucosidase I		glucosidase I|alpha-Glucosidases		oligodendroglial differentiation			rat	oligodendroglia	Oligodendroglia	1286624	A major effect of the inhibitor on glycoprotein processing was manifested by an accumulation of high mannose glycoproteins, of abnormal oligosaccharide structure, compatible with the inhibition of glucosidase I.
Le(x)	unaltered level	BSA		Serum Albumin, Bovine				safety	cancer	Antineoplastic Agents	anti-cancer vaccine				20843695	The identification of a trisaccharide analogue that does not cross-react with Le(x) but still retains the same conformation as Le(x) constitutes the first step to the design of a safe anti-cancer vaccine based on the dimeric Le(x) tumor associated carbohydrate antigen.
α-fetoprotein	altered level	α-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	congenital disorders of glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		human	amniotic fluid	Amniotic Fluid	20528096	A difference in the relative proportion of individual α-fetoprotein bands (particularly increase of band II density) was found in a case where a congenital disorder of glycosylation was diagnosed postnatally, and in two other samples from pregnancies which resulted in termination, without further examination.
Sialyl Lewis X Antigen	undetermined	erythrocyte membrane protein 1, Plasmodium falciparum		erythrocyte membrane protein 1, Plasmodium falciparum					Malaria			Plasmodium falciparum	erythrocytes		11698301	In this study, it is demonstrated by affinity purification and western blot analysis that PfEMP1 also functions as a cell surface ligand for P-selectin, an adhesion molecule that has been shown to mediate the rolling of infected erythrocytes under physiologic flow conditions, leading to a significant increase in adhesion to CD36 on activated platelets and microvascular endothelium.
N-glycosylation	altered level	MHC class II-associated invariant chain		invariant chain					antigen presentation modulation						10469658	Efficient or variable glycosylation of Ii may contribute to its capacity to modulate antigen presentation by MHC class II molecules.
sialyl-Lewis(x)-saccharopeptides	acquisition of structure				beta(1-4)galactosyl-transferase|alpha(2-3)sialyl-transferase|fucosyl-transferase VI		N-Acetyllactosamine Synthase|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase|Fucosyltransferases								9838999	The enzymes transfer successively galactose, sialic acid, and fucose from the corresponding donors onto these acceptor substrates--despite the far reaching alterations--regio- and stereospecifically in the expected manner to yield a new class of compounds, the sialyl-Lewis(x)-saccharopeptides.
glycosylated extracellular domains	undetermined	Immunoglobulin M		Immunoglobulin M								mouse	B cell	Mice	9561918	Our results indicate that extracellular domains of IgM may also contribute to its association with Ig alpha and beta and other members of the B cell receptor complex.
Fc region glycosylation	altered level	gamma 1 CD3 monoclonal antibody		Antibodies, Monoclonal					immunogenicity			Mice	T cells		7482746	A second positive factor was mAb Fc region glycosylation.
aglycosylation	altered level	gamma 1 CD3 monoclonal antibody		Antibodies, Monoclonal					immunogenicity			Mice	T cells		7482746	The lower immunogenicity of the aglycosyl gamma 1 CD3 mAb correlated with a longer in vivo half-life and an improved capacity to block the target CD3 antigen.
high-mannose oligosaccharide N-linked to Asn-230	unaltered level	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					human immunodeficiency virus 1	HIV-1		human			8483933	The primary mechanism of recognition and binding is the insertion of the solvent-accessible Phe-43 of CD4 into a gp120 solvent-accessible acceptor pit formed by Trp-427, Tyr-435, and the high-mannose oligosaccharide N-linked to Asn-230.
N-glycosylation	loss of structure	Ricin B chain		Ricin								Xenopus	oocytes		1717462	Changing the Asn residues of the two RTB N-glycosylation sites to Gln showed that oligosaccharide side chains were essential for both the stability and biological activity of recombinant RTB.
N-glycans	loss of structure	nucleolin		Glycoproteins|Phosphoproteins|RNA-Binding Proteins|Nucleolin							tunicamycin	mammalian	cell	Cell Line, Tumor|Cell Membrane|Cell Nucleus|Cytoplasm|Jurkat Cells	19026635	In the present study, we show that glycosylation is an essential requirement for surface nucleolin expression, since it is prevented when cells are cultured in the presence of tunicamycin, an inhibitor of N-glycosylation.
O-glycans	loss of structure	nucleolin		Glycoproteins|Phosphoproteins|RNA-Binding Proteins|Nucleolin							tunicamycin	mammalian	cell	Cell Line, Tumor|Cell Membrane|Cell Nucleus|Cytoplasm|Jurkat Cells	19026635	In the present study, we show that glycosylation is an essential requirement for surface nucleolin expression, since it is prevented when cells are cultured in the presence of tunicamycin, an inhibitor of N-glycosylation.
CA125	increased level	MUC16		CA-125 Antigen|MUC16 protein, human				prognostic	ovarian cancer			human	multiple cell types		26044153	MUC16, precursor of the most widely used ovarian cancer biomarker CA125, is up regulated in multiple malignancies and is associated with poor prognosis.
N-glycosylation	altered level	CD59		CD59 Antigens											7518124	Enhancement of the complement regulatory function of CD59 by site-directed mutagenesis at the N-glycosylation site.
sialyl Le(x)	increased level							diagnostic	colorectal carcinoma	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	carcinomas	Adenocarcinoma|Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous	7912139	These results suggested that: (a) sialyl Le(x), defined by monoclonal antibody CSLEX1, may be useful as a tumor-associated antigen in colorectal carcinoma, and (b) the alteration of Lewis-related carbohydrate antigens in cancer cell membranes, including sialylation and/or aberrant glycosylation, may be related to metastatic behavior.
Le(a)	decreased level								metastatic carcinoma	Lymphatic Metastasis		Humans	metastatic lesions	Lymphatic Metastasis	7912139	The staining of type 1 antigens and Le(x) was decreased in metastatic lesions compared with primary carcinomas, whereas sialyl Le(x) antigen had the same positive-staining rate in both.
Le(x)	decreased level								metastatic carcinoma	Lymphatic Metastasis		Humans	metastatic lesions	Lymphatic Metastasis	7912139	The staining of type 1 antigens and Le(x) was decreased in metastatic lesions compared with primary carcinomas, whereas sialyl Le(x) antigen had the same positive-staining rate in both.
oligomannose and hybrid oligosaccharides	increased level	rat sCD4		CD4 Antigens								rat	Chinese hamster ovary cells	CHO Cells	8429003	The most obvious differences between the rat and human sCD4 oligosaccharides were the greater abundance of oligomannose and hybrid oligosaccharides on rat sCD4 and the presence of oligosaccharides carrying a terminal alpha-galactose residue on human sCD4.
oligosaccharides carrying a terminal alpha-galactose residue	acquisition of structure	human sCD4		CD4 Antigens								human	Chinese hamster ovary cells	CHO Cells	8429003	The most obvious differences between the rat and human sCD4 oligosaccharides were the greater abundance of oligomannose and hybrid oligosaccharides on rat sCD4 and the presence of oligosaccharides carrying a terminal alpha-galactose residue on human sCD4.
N-linked glycosyl units	unaltered level	Carcinoembryonic antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen								Chinese hamster|mouse	Chinese hamster ovary cells|murine L cells	HeLa Cells|HeLa Cells	1382844	We have previously expressed the full length complementary DNA clone for CEA in Chinese hamster ovary cells and murine L cells, demonstrating proper processing of nascent polypeptide chains to mature, fully glycosylated CEA including the GPI anchor.
Fucosylated glycoforms	increased level	Haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic|prognostic	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		31014754	Quantitation of fucosylation levels on Hp protein using Lectin ELISA may be useful glycobiomarker either alone or in combination (AFP + DCP + FucHp; AUC = 0.94) in HBV HCC diagnosis in clinical practice.
Fucosylated glycoforms	increased level	Haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic|prognostic	liver cirrhosis	Liver Diseases		Humans	serum		31014754	Fucosylated glycoforms were significantly increased at site Asn184, Asn207 and Asn211 in liver diseased stages versus controls.
Fucosylated glycoforms	increased level	Haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic|prognostic	chronic liver disease	Liver Diseases		Humans	serum		31014754	Fucosylated glycoforms were significantly increased at site Asn184, Asn207 and Asn211 in liver diseased stages versus controls.
N-linked sugars	unaltered level	CD14		Lipopolysaccharide Receptors					LPS-induced biological responses			Pichia pastoris	serum		12699696	The purified protein was found to have N-linked sugars by an analysis of enzymatic deglycosylation.
carbohydrate moiety	altered level	CD2		CD2 Antigens					tumor	Tumor Cells, Cultured		Humans	monocytes	Monocytes	8105531	From the data presented here indicating the importance of carbohydrate structures for monocyte activation we conclude that altered glycosylation of cell surface molecules of tumour cells might be responsible for tumour cell-induced monocyte stimulation.
fucosylation	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic|prognostic	non-small cell lung cancer	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung		Humans	serum		24018448	Significantly increased fucosylation was found in total serum in both cancer groups and in NSCLC haptoglobin.
fucosylation	unaltered level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic|prognostic	small cell lung cancer	Small Cell Lung Carcinoma		Humans	serum		24018448	No difference was observed in SCLC haptoglobin or α₁-acid glycoprotein in both cancer groups.
sialyl-Lewisx epitopes	increased level	alpha₁-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic|prognostic	small cell lung cancer	Small Cell Lung Carcinoma		Humans	serum		24018448	Complete sLe(x) antigens were overexpressed in total NSCLC serum and SCLC AGP, and their level was considerably lowered in cancer haptoglobin.
sialyl-Lewisx epitopes	decreased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic|prognostic	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		Humans	serum		24018448	Complete sLe(x) antigens were overexpressed in total NSCLC serum and SCLC AGP, and their level was considerably lowered in cancer haptoglobin.
glycosylation-rich region	unaltered level	CD26		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4					HIV-1 infection	HIV-1		Humans	T cells	Humans	10066344	We show that the majority of anti-CD26 mAbs is directed against the glycosylation-rich region of the molecule whereas the ADA-binding site could be located in the cysteine-rich region of DPP-IV.
glucose monomycolate	undetermined	CD1b		Antigens, CD1					Mycobacterium	Mycobacterium		Humans	T cells	T-Lymphocyte Subsets	9323206	Identification of mycobacterial glucose monomycolate (GMM) as a CD1b-presented glycolipid allowed determination of the structural requirements for its recognition by T cells.
fucosylation	altered level	serum proteins		Blood Proteins|Glycoproteins|Glycated Serum Proteins				diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms		human	serum	Blood Proteins	23666731	Protein glycosylation plays an important role in multiple cell functions, and aberrations of protein glycosylation are associated with various malignancies including cancer.
WFA-sialylated MUC1	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	biliary tract cancer	Biliary Tract Neoplasms		human	bile		26416714	Biliary WFA-sialylated MUC1 levels were significantly higher in the biliary tract cancer group compared with the benign group (P < 0.001).
beta3	altered level	Integrin beta3		Integrin beta3					aberrant glycosylation			Chinese hamster	CHO cell	CHO Cells	10194435	T562N also led to aberrant glycosylation of beta3, but this was not responsible for the receptor activation.
mucin	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					adenocarcinomas	Adenocarcinoma		Humans	glandular tissues		10024481	Adenocarcinomas of glandular tissues produce a hypoglycosylated form of a normal glycoprotein (mucin) that elicits an immune response.
carcinoembryonic antigen	unaltered level			Carcinoembryonic Antigen								Humans		Humans	7686150	Surprisingly, 6G6.C4 specifically binds to CEA but not CEA-related antigens in Western blots.
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol	unaltered level	CD59 antigen		CD59 Antigens					complement-mediated lysis			Spodoptera frugiperda	insect cells	Cell Line	7694573	Here we report the expression of functionally active CD59 in Spodoptera frugiperda insect cells using a baculovirus vector.
N-linked glycosylation epitope	acquisition of structure	annexin A2		ANXA2 protein, human|Annexin A2				prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	colon cancer tissue		33904933	Our findings indicate that 12G5A identified a cancer-associated glycosylation epitope on annexin A2, whose expression was related to unfavorable colorectal cancer behavior.
glycosylation	undetermined	CD133		PROM1 protein, human					glioblastoma multiforme	Glioblastoma		human	glioblastoma cell lines|primary cultures from resected tumor tissue	Cell Line, Tumor	20428792	However, analysis of CD133 expression is potentially confounded by the fact that two of the commonly used anti-CD133 antibodies, AC133 and 293C, only recognize CD133 that has undergone glycosylation.
Thomsen-Friedenreich (T)-antigen	increased level								breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	MCF-7 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	16547942	Firstly, using a Golgi-targeted green fluorescent protein (GT-EGFP) as a probe, we show that the medial/trans-Golgi pH (pHG) in a high proportion of breast (MCF-7) and colorectal (HT-29, SW-48) cancer cells is significantly more alkaline (pHG > or = 6.75) than that of control cells (pHG 5.9-6.5).
Thomsen-Friedenreich (T)-antigen	increased level								colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	HT-29, SW-48 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	16547942	Firstly, using a Golgi-targeted green fluorescent protein (GT-EGFP) as a probe, we show that the medial/trans-Golgi pH (pHG) in a high proportion of breast (MCF-7) and colorectal (HT-29, SW-48) cancer cells is significantly more alkaline (pHG > or = 6.75) than that of control cells (pHG 5.9-6.5).
N-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	CD59		CD59 Antigens					T cell activation	Lymphocyte Activation		Human	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	7521361	Finally, the ability of CD59 to enhance CD58-dependent T cell responses was shown to be dependent on N-glycosylation of CD59 at amino acid Asn18.
glycosylation	altered level	Env glycoprotein		HIV Envelope Protein gp120	alpha-glucosidase I-II		alpha-Glucosidases		human immunodeficiency virus	HIV	1-Deoxynojirimycin	mammalian	cells	Cells, Cultured	11752220	As expected, its glycosylation pattern was altered in the presence of the inhibitor.
high-mannose-type oligosaccharides	acquisition of structure								lymphocyte binding		castanospermine	Humans	endothelial cells	Endothelium, Vascular	1672647	Treatment of endothelial cells with CAST led to generation of glycoproteins carrying high-mannose-type oligosaccharides, which are glucose capped with three glucose molecules on the chain.
high-mannose type oligosaccharides	acquisition of structure								lymphocyte binding		1-deoxymannojirimycin	Humans	endothelial cells	Endothelium, Vascular	1672647	DMN treatment, resulting in accumulation of high-mannose type oligosaccharides without any terminal glucoses on the cell surface, caused a similar inhibition of lymphocyte binding to that induced by CAST treatment.
hybrid-type glycoproteins	acquisition of structure								lymphocyte binding		swainsonine	Humans	endothelial cells	Endothelium, Vascular	1672647	SW treatment, leading to accumulation of hybrid-type glycoproteins, decreased only slightly the lymphocyte binding.
N-linked glycosylation	undetermined	CD8 alpha		CD8 Antigens								Rat	Chinese hamster ovary cells	Cricetinae	1377946	The positions of the N- and O-linked glycosylation sites and the disulphide bond in the Ig-like domain were determined.
O-linked glycosylation	undetermined	CD8 alpha		CD8 Antigens								Rat	Chinese hamster ovary cells	Cricetinae	1377946	The positions of the N- and O-linked glycosylation sites and the disulphide bond in the Ig-like domain were determined.
O-linked sugars	unaltered level	CEACAM1(b)-4S		Ceacam1 protein, mouse								Rat	COS-1 cells	COS Cells	15184366	Glycosylation analysis demonstrated O-linked sugars on rat CEACAM1(b)-4S from COS-1 cells.
Asparagine	unaltered level							response	autoimmune type 1 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1	bispecific fusion protein (BsB) treatment	non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice	blood		23704916	Treatment of non-obese diabetic (NOD) female mice between 9-12 weeks of age with a short course of BsB elicited a transient increase of Tregs in the blood and moderately delayed the onset of autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D).
gp130	altered level	gp130		Cytokine Receptor gp130					cytokine family activation			rat	hepatic	Liver	7615645	The immature form can shift to become a functional gp130 only after being terminally glycosylated.
poly-N-acetyllactosaminyl O-glycans	increased level	leukosialin		Leukosialin|SPN protein, human	core 2 beta 1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyl transferase		Glycosyltransferases		Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute	Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute		Humans	HL-60 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	1447188	Leukosialin from HL-60 cells contains about 1-2 poly-N-acetyllactosaminyl O-glycan chains/molecule.
poly-N-acetyllactosaminyl O-glycans	decreased level	leukosialin		Leukosialin|SPN protein, human	core 2 beta 1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyl transferase		Glycosyltransferases		Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive	Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive		Humans	K562 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	1447188	Leukosialin from K562 cells, on the other hand, contains no detectable amount of poly-N-acetyllactosaminyl O-glycans.
bi-, tri- and tetraantennary glycans containing sialyl Lewis x (sLe(x)) epitopes (A2F1G1, A3F1G1, A4F1G1 and A4F2G2)	increased level							prognostic	Metastatic breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	serum		21127012	The levels of all these glycans were significantly higher in patients with CTCs ≥5/7.5 ml compared with patients with CTCs <5/7.5 ml.
N-glycan	altered level	SHPS-1		Membrane Glycoproteins					B16 melanoma	Melanoma, Experimental		mouse	B16F10 melanoma cells	Cell Line, Tumor	14739297	Treatment of B16F10 cells with 1-deoxymannojirimycin, which prevents N-glycan processing, restored the ability of SHPS-1 derived from these cells to bind CD47-Fc in vitro, indicating that aberrant N-glycosylation of SHPS-1 impairs CD47 binding in B16F10 cells.
N-glycopeptides	altered level	IgG1|IgG4|haptoglobin|transferrin		Immunoglobulin G|Immunoglobulin G|Haptoglobins|Transferrin				diagnostic	oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma	Tongue Neoplasms		Humans	serum		29992770	OSCC patients, including stage I tumors, can be differentiated from healthy controls based on the expression levels of these glycoforms.
N-linked carbohydrates	acquisition of structure	pregnancy-specific glycoprotein 17|pregnancy-specific glycoprotein 19		pregnancy-specific glycoprotein 17, mouse|pregnancy-specific glycoprotein 19, mouse					pregnancy	Pregnancy		mouse	placenta	Placenta	18275518	The receptor-binding domain of PSG17 and PSG19 is post-translationally modified by the addition of N-linked carbohydrates and, when expressed in CHO cells, terminal sialic acids are detected.
(Hex)4(HexNAc)3	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	knee osteoarthritis	Osteoarthritis, Knee		Human	cartilage	Cartilage	36125541	Interestingly, three specific complex-type N-glycans, (Hex)4(HexNAc)3, (Hex)4(HexNAc)4, and (Hex)5(HexNAc)4, were found to be localized to the superficial fibrillated zone of degraded cartilage (KOA OARSI 2.5-4), compared to adjacent cartilage with less degradation (KOA OARSI 1-2) or relatively healthy cartilage (CTL OARSI 1-2).
(Hex)4(HexNAc)4	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	knee osteoarthritis	Osteoarthritis, Knee		Human	cartilage	Cartilage	36125541	Interestingly, three specific complex-type N-glycans, (Hex)4(HexNAc)3, (Hex)4(HexNAc)4, and (Hex)5(HexNAc)4, were found to be localized to the superficial fibrillated zone of degraded cartilage (KOA OARSI 2.5-4), compared to adjacent cartilage with less degradation (KOA OARSI 1-2) or relatively healthy cartilage (CTL OARSI 1-2).
(Hex)5(HexNAc)4	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	knee osteoarthritis	Osteoarthritis, Knee		Human	cartilage	Cartilage	36125541	Interestingly, three specific complex-type N-glycans, (Hex)4(HexNAc)3, (Hex)4(HexNAc)4, and (Hex)5(HexNAc)4, were found to be localized to the superficial fibrillated zone of degraded cartilage (KOA OARSI 2.5-4), compared to adjacent cartilage with less degradation (KOA OARSI 1-2) or relatively healthy cartilage (CTL OARSI 1-2).
IgG agalactosylation	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans			31887339	Statistical analysis showed that CRC associates with increase in IgG agalactosylation, decrease in IgG sialylation and fucosylation of sialylated glycans.
IgG sialylation	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans			31887339	Statistical analysis showed that CRC associates with increase in IgG agalactosylation, decrease in IgG sialylation and fucosylation of sialylated glycans.
fucosylation of sialylated glycans	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans			31887339	Statistical analysis showed that CRC associates with increase in IgG agalactosylation, decrease in IgG sialylation and fucosylation of sialylated glycans.
H4N6SA	altered level							diagnostic|monitoring	acute myocardial infarction			human	serum		37230719	Expressions of H4N4F3SA, H4N6F2, H4N6SA, H4N6F3 and H5N4FSA in the serum were significantly different (p < 0.0005) between AMI patients and healthy volunteers.
H5N4FSA	altered level							diagnostic|monitoring	acute myocardial infarction			human	serum		37230719	Expressions of H4N4F3SA, H4N6F2, H4N6SA, H4N6F3 and H5N4FSA in the serum were significantly different (p < 0.0005) between AMI patients and healthy volunteers.
H4N6F2	altered level							diagnostic|monitoring	acute myocardial infarction			human	serum		37230719	Expressions of H4N4F3SA, H4N6F2, H4N6SA, H4N6F3 and H5N4FSA in the serum were significantly different (p < 0.0005) between AMI patients and healthy volunteers.
fucosylation	increased level	alpha1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid					rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		Humans	serum|synovial fluid	|Synovial Fluid	9249143	Furthermore, the type of glycosylation of both AGP and PI found in RA was significantly different from that found in normals, with increased fucosylation, but there were no major differences in the degree of branching of AGP- or PI-glycans in RA, compared to normals.
fucosylation	increased level	alpha1-protease inhibitor		alpha 1-Antitrypsin					rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		Humans	serum|synovial fluid	|Synovial Fluid	9249143	For PI an increased fucosylation was found, both in serum and synovial fluid, using both methods of detection, and it could be established that only the alpha1-->3- and not the alpha1-->6-fucosylation of PI was affected by RA.
Sialyl Lewis(X)	increased level	alpha1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid					rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		Humans	serum|synovial fluid	|Synovial Fluid	9249143	The increased fucosylation of AGP resulted in an increased expression of SLe(X) on AGP-glycans.
GP1	undetermined	IgG		Polysaccharides				diagnostic|predictive	Rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		Human			27310476	Among the total 24 glycan peaks (GP1-GP24), ROC analysis showed only GP1 prediction to be highly sensitive with an area under the curve (AUC) = 0.881.
IgG glycosylation	altered level	IgG		Polysaccharides				monitoring	Rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		Human			27310476	Taken together, these observations suggest that GP1 might have potential as a putative biomarker for RA in the Han Chinese population, while the change in IgG glycosylation shows association with the RA active and remission states.
terminal sialylation	decreased level				ST6GAL1		ST6GAL1 protein, human		congenital disorders of glycosylation			human	serum		21062782	Analysis of the total serum N-glycans of COG-deficient CDG patients demonstrated an overall decrease in terminal sialylation and galactosylation.
terminal galactosylation	decreased level				B4GALT1		beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase I		congenital disorders of glycosylation			human	serum		21062782	Analysis of the total serum N-glycans of COG-deficient CDG patients demonstrated an overall decrease in terminal sialylation and galactosylation.
IgG N-glycan	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|predictive	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	serum		36121650	Alternative glycosylation of serum IgG has been shown to be closely associated with CRC.
IgG N-glycan	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|predictive	advanced adenomas	Adenoma		Humans	serum		36121650	Six and 14 directly detected glycan traits were significantly changed in AA and CRC, respectively, compared with HC.
agalactosylation	increased level	IgG1		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial|Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		32477323	Interestingly, aside from an EOC-related increase in agalactosylation/decrease in monogalactosylation and digalactosylation observed in all IgG subclasses, some subclass-specific trends were detected.
monogalactosylation	decreased level	IgG1		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial|Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		32477323	Interestingly, aside from an EOC-related increase in agalactosylation/decrease in monogalactosylation and digalactosylation observed in all IgG subclasses, some subclass-specific trends were detected.
digalactosylation	decreased level	IgG1		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial|Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		32477323	Interestingly, aside from an EOC-related increase in agalactosylation/decrease in monogalactosylation and digalactosylation observed in all IgG subclasses, some subclass-specific trends were detected.
sialylation	decreased level	IgG1		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial|Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		32477323	Specifically, IgG1 was the only subclass that showed a significant decrease in sialylation and a significant increase in fucosylation in EOC patients.
fucosylation	increased level	IgG1		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial|Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		32477323	Specifically, IgG1 was the only subclass that showed a significant decrease in sialylation and a significant increase in fucosylation in EOC patients.
agalactosylation	increased level	IgG3		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial|Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		32477323	IgG3 displayed stronger EOC-related increase in agalactosylation/decrease in digalactosylation and was characterized by notably higher sialylation, which consequently decreased in EOC patients.
digalactosylation	decreased level	IgG3		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial|Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		32477323	IgG3 displayed stronger EOC-related increase in agalactosylation/decrease in digalactosylation and was characterized by notably higher sialylation, which consequently decreased in EOC patients.
sialylation	decreased level	IgG3		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial|Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		32477323	IgG3 displayed stronger EOC-related increase in agalactosylation/decrease in digalactosylation and was characterized by notably higher sialylation, which consequently decreased in EOC patients.
serum N-glycans	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				monitoring	lymphatic filariasis	Elephantiasis, Filarial		rhesus macaque	serum		36131114	We used this baseline to monitor changes in serum N-glycans during infection with Brugia malayi, a parasitic nematode of humans responsible for lymphatic filariasis, in a longitudinal cohort of infected rhesus macaques.
agalactosylated IgG Fc glycan	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG|Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments				predictive	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease		Humans	serum		39080486	Analysis of preclinical serum samples, up to 6 years before IBD diagnosis (from the PREDICTS cohort), revealed the identification of a unique glycosylation signature on circulating antibodies (IgGs) characterized by lower galactosylation levels of the IgG fragment crystallizable (Fc) domain that remained stable until disease diagnosis.
agalactosylated IgG Fc glycan	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG|Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments				predictive	intestinal inflammation			Mice	serum		39080486	Adoptive transfer of antibodies to mannan (ASCA) to recipient wild-type mice resulted in increased susceptibility to intestinal inflammation that was recovered in recipient FcγR-deficient mice.
acidic bi- and tri-antennary N-glycans	altered level	tissue-plasminogen activator		Tissue Plasminogen Activator					Melanoma	Melanoma		Humans	Bowes melanoma	Melanoma	11454001	A family of about 20 novel acidic bi- and tri-antennary N-glycans, amounting to almost half those expressed on Bowes melanoma tissue-plasminogen activator (t-PA) were found to possess Galbeta1-->4GlcNAcbeta1-->, sulfated and sialylated GalNAcbeta1-->4GlcNAcbeta1--> or sulfated GlcAbeta1--> 3Galbeta1-->4GlcNAcbeta1--> antennae, of which those containing sulfated GlcA, depicting the L2/HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope, were preferentially located on the 6 arm.
glycan adducts	altered level	CD8beta		CD8 Antigens|CD8alphabeta antigen								mouse	T cells	Mice	12847256	Our results show that the stalk region of CD8beta is capable of fine-tuning the coreceptor function of CD8 proteins as a coreceptor, possibly due to its distinct protein structure, smaller physical size and the unique glycan adducts associated with this region.
sialyl-Lewis a	increased level	carcinoembryonic antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen	beta 1,3-Galactosyltransferase beta 3Gal-T5		Galactosyltransferases	diagnostic	colon adenocarcinomas	Adenocarcinoma|Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	colon mucosa	Gastric Mucosa	11058588	Moreover, recombinant carcinoembryonic antigen purified from a CHO clone expressing Fuc-TIII and beta3Gal-T5 reacts with anti-sialyl-Lewis a and carries type 1 chains on oligosaccharides released by endo-beta-galactosidase.
sialyl-Lewis x	decreased level	carcinoembryonic antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen	beta 1,3-Galactosyltransferase beta 3Gal-T5		Galactosyltransferases	diagnostic	colon adenocarcinomas	Adenocarcinoma|Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	colon mucosa	Gastric Mucosa	11058588	This result indicates that beta3Gal-T5 expression prevents poly-N-acetyllactosamine and sialyl-Lewis x synthesis on N-glycans.
O-Glycans	undetermined	mucin-type glycoprotein			O-glycanase		glycopeptide alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase					Cattle	digestive organs		12790194	O-Glycans (mucin type oligosaccharides) are ubiquitously found in various glycoproteins such as mucin-type glycoproteins on the surface of various digestive organs.
sialylation	decreased level	CD43|CD45		Leukosialin|Leukocyte Common Antigens					HIV-1 infection	HIV Infections		Humans	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	12925577	We have shown that HIV-1 infection of T cells results in altered glycosylation of cell surface glycoproteins; specifically, it decreased sialylation and increased expression of core 2 O-glycans.
core 2 O-glycans	increased level	CD43|CD45		Leukosialin|Leukocyte Common Antigens					HIV-1 infection	HIV Infections		Humans	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	12925577	We have shown that HIV-1 infection of T cells results in altered glycosylation of cell surface glycoproteins; specifically, it decreased sialylation and increased expression of core 2 O-glycans.
lactosamine residues	increased level	CD43|CD45		Leukosialin|Leukocyte Common Antigens					HIV-1 infection	HIV Infections		Humans	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	12925577	Consistent with our previous results, we show that HIV-1 infection results in accumulation of exposed lactosamine residues, oligosaccharides recognized by galectin-1 on cell surface glycoproteins.
sialylated core 1 O-glycans	altered level	CD7		Antigens, CD7					mycosis fungoides	Mycosis Fungoides		Humans	Sezary cells	T-Lymphocytes	12808059	"Sezary cells in primary lesions and Sezary T cell lines demonstrated a characteristic ""glycotype"" with sialylated core 1 O-glycans that promote galectin-1 resistance."
multifucosylated tetraantennary N-glycans	increased level	alpha-1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	serum		27354006	As a result, we revealed that alpha-1-acid glycoprotein with multifucosylated tetraantennary N-glycans was significantly elevated in HCC patients, whereas the single fucosylated derivative was not.
glycans	altered level	Carcinoembryonic antigen		CEACAM5 protein, human|Carcinoembryonic Antigen				diagnostic	colon cancer			human	serum		31581071	Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a routinely used marker for colon cancer, was used as a test glycoprotein.
N-glycan	altered level	CD1d		Antigens, CD1|Antigens, CD1d|Antigens, Surface|CD1D protein, human								human	intestinal epithelial cell lines	Humans	10092605	Thus, CD1d is able to be transported to the cell surface independently of beta2m; however, in the absence of beta2m, the glycosylation pattern of CD1d is altered and consistent with an immature glycoprotein.
sialic acid receptors	altered level	hemagglutinin		Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus					highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza A virus infection	Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype	phosphatase calcineurin inhibitor cyclosporin A	humans	γδ T cells	Intraepithelial Lymphocytes	30564234	HA-induced γδ T cell activation was dependent on both sialic acid receptors and HA glycosylation, and this activation could be inhibited by the phosphatase calcineurin inhibitor cyclosporin A but not by the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K) inhibitors wortmannin and LY294002.
fucosylated AFP	acquisition of structure	α-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins	α1,6-fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases	predictive	liver cancer	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		human	serum		22233759	Our previous studies of the enzymatic basis and structural studies of α-fetoprotein (AFP) samples from liver cancer patients indicated that core-fucosylation by α1,6-fucosyltransferase (FUT8) resulted in the production of fucosylated AFP, and in fact fucosylated AFP allowed differential diagnosis in some types of liver cancer from liver cirrhosis.
glycosylation	undetermined	CD2		CD2 Antigens								Equine	T-lymphocyte	T-Lymphocytes	7906650	An equine CD2 cDNA has been isolated by monoclonal antibody screening of a T-lymphocyte cDNA library.
N-linked glycosylation	altered level								cancer	Neoplasms	2-deoxyglucose	human	tumor cells	Cell Line, Tumor	23700291	It induces growth inhibition predominantly by interference with glycosylation, which leads to accumulation of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum activating the UPR;
sialyl Lewis X	decreased level							response	metastatic disease	Neoplasm Metastasis	treatment with peracetylated disaccharide	human	adenocarcinoma cells	Adenocarcinoma	12782582	Here, we show that treatment of cultured human adenocarcinoma cells with micromolar concentrations of the peracetylated disaccharide, (Ac)(6)GlcNAcbeta1,3Galbeta-O-naphthalenemethanol (AcGnG-NM) reduces the expression of sLe(X) and diminishes binding in vitro to selectin-coated dishes, thrombin-activated platelets, and tumor necrosis factor alpha-activated endothelial cells.
CD133 glycosylation	altered level	CD133		PROM1 protein, human					glioblastoma	Glioblastoma		human	glioblastoma	Glioblastoma	21411810	The putative tumor stem cell marker CD133 is the marker of choice for identifying brain tumor stem cells in gliomas, but the use of different CD133 antibody clones possibly recognizing different CD133 splice variants with epitopes of different glycosylation status confuses the field.
MUC18	altered level	MUC18		MCAM protein, human|Mcam protein, mouse					melanoma	Melanoma		human	melanocytic lesions		9578420	Three of the four antibodies directed to MUC18 showed concordant reactivities and indicated that this molecule was expressed in nine melanomas and three naevi.
ICAM-1	altered level	ICAM-1		Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1					melanoma	Melanoma		human	melanocytic lesions		9578420	The anti-ICAM-1 antibodies demonstrated concordant reactivities on both the malignant and benign lesions and reacted with all samples suggesting that antibodies that detect differences in ICAM-1 expression between these two lesions detect altered epitopes.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure				Cosmc		C1GALT1C1 protein, human		colorectal cancers	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	30115016	In this study, we explored the mechanism(s) for Tn expression in human colorectal cancers (CRC).
sialylated Tn (STn) antigen	acquisition of structure				Cosmc		C1GALT1C1 protein, human		colorectal cancers	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	30115016	The expression of the Tn and sialylated Tn (STn) antigens, Cosmc, T-synthase, and mucins was characterized in paired specimens with CRC and in CRC cell lines by immunostaining, western blot, and qPCR.
fucosylated N/O-glycans	increased level							diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	Saliva	Saliva	30535277	The results showed that the expression level of fucosylated glycans recognized by LTL was significantly increased in HCC compared with other subjects (P < 0.0001).
N-glycan peak (m/z 2205.766)	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	hepatic cirrhosis	Fibrosis		Humans	Saliva	Saliva	30535277	One N-glycan peak (m/z 2205.766) was unique in HC, and 9 O-glycan peaks (e.g., m/z 1157.420, 1163.417 and 1193.402) were unique in HCC.
O-glycan peaks (e.g., m/z 1157.420, 1163.417 and 1193.402)	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	Saliva	Saliva	30535277	One N-glycan peak (m/z 2205.766) was unique in HC, and 9 O-glycan peaks (e.g., m/z 1157.420, 1163.417 and 1193.402) were unique in HCC.
glycans	altered level							diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	serum	Blood	18229688	We applied the proposed method for a biomarker discovery study that involves 203 participants from Cairo, Egypt; 73 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases, 52 patients with chronic liver disease (CLD), and 78 healthy individuals.
glycans	altered level							diagnostic	chronic liver disease	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum	Blood	18229688	We applied the proposed method for a biomarker discovery study that involves 203 participants from Cairo, Egypt; 73 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases, 52 patients with chronic liver disease (CLD), and 78 healthy individuals.
sialylated N-glycans	increased level								neovascular glaucoma	Glaucoma, Neovascular		Humans	eyes		26177396	Our data demonstrate the distinct changes of N-glycan profile and the increase of sialylated N-glycans in eyes with NVG secondary to PDR.
sialylated N-glycans	increased level								proliferative diabetic retinopathy	Diabetic Retinopathy		Humans	eyes		26177396	Our data demonstrate the distinct changes of N-glycan profile and the increase of sialylated N-glycans in eyes with NVG secondary to PDR.
glycan age index	altered level	IgG		Polysaccharides				diagnostic	menopause			Humans		Humans	35502731	In conclusion, (1) both measurement error models give similar results and suggest that there is an association between the glycan age index and the menopause status, (2) the chemical mapping approach outperforms O2PLS in the low measurement error variance, while on the larger measurement error variance, O2PLS works better, (3) statistical efficiency is lost due to increased noise level by adding irrelevant information.
GalNAc	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic|predictive	cancer		vaccines	Humans	cancer tissues		19007994	The MUC1 glycoprotein is considered a tumor antigen due to its over expression and aberrant glycosylation in cancer tissues.
Gal-GalNAc	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic|predictive	cancer		vaccines	Humans	cancer tissues		19007994	The same sequence glycosylated with the disaccharide Gal-GalNAc does not bind.
agalactosylated structures	increased level	serum glycoproteins|IgG		Glycoproteins|Immunoglobulin G					classic galactosemia	Galactosemias	galactose-restricted diet	Humans	serum		19952866	Increased levels of agalactosylated and monogalactosylated structures and decreases in certain digalactosylated structures were identified in the patients.
monogalactosylated structures	increased level	serum glycoproteins|IgG		Glycoproteins|Immunoglobulin G					classic galactosemia	Galactosemias	galactose-restricted diet	Humans	serum		19952866	Increased levels of agalactosylated and monogalactosylated structures and decreases in certain digalactosylated structures were identified in the patients.
digalactosylated structures	decreased level	serum glycoproteins|IgG		Glycoproteins|Immunoglobulin G					classic galactosemia	Galactosemias	galactose-restricted diet	Humans	serum		19952866	Increased levels of agalactosylated and monogalactosylated structures and decreases in certain digalactosylated structures were identified in the patients.
O-linked glycosylation	altered level	annexin 4|annexin 5|CLCA1						diagnostic	metastatic colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms|Neoplasm Metastasis		human	colorectal cancer specimens	Colorectal Neoplasms	26495974	Affinity purification using the lectin HPA followed by proteomic analysis revealed annexin 4, annexin 5 and CLCA1 to be increased in the metastatic colorectal cancer specimens.
N-glycans	altered level	IgA		Immunoglobulin A								Nicotiana benthamiana|HEK293-6E	IgA	Immunoglobulin A	28516782	Mass-spectrometric analysis of site-specific glycosylation revealed that plant-produced IgAs carry mainly complex-type biantennary N-glycans.
N-glycans	altered level	IgA		Immunoglobulin A								HEK293-6E	IgA	Immunoglobulin A	28516782	HEK293-6E-produced IgAs, on the contrary, showed very heterogeneous N-glycans with high levels of sialylation, core-fucose, and the presence of branched structures.
N-glycan	altered level							prognostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	serum		21776491	To determine the utility of this method for structure-specific biomarker discovery, we analyzed serum samples from two groups of prostate cancer patients with different prognoses.
core 2 branched O-glycans	increased level	T lymphocytes		Leukosialin|Spn protein, mouse	Core 2 beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase		immunodeficiency			mouse	T lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	9351819	Such an impaired immune response may be one of the causes for immunodeficiency in the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome.
Gal(β1-3)GalNAc (T-antigen)	decreased level	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A	C1GALT1|COSMC			diagnostic	IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans	urine		34965524	The reduction of Gal(β1-3)GalNAc (T-antigen), Sia(α2-3)Gal(β1-3)GalNAc (Sialyl T), and Sia(α2-3)Gal(β1-3)Sia(α2-6)GalNAc (disialyl-T) was suggested by binding specificities of 3 lectins.
Sia(α2-3)Gal(β1-3)GalNAc (Sialyl T)	decreased level	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A	C1GALT1|COSMC			diagnostic	IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans	urine		34965524	The reduction of Gal(β1-3)GalNAc (T-antigen), Sia(α2-3)Gal(β1-3)GalNAc (Sialyl T), and Sia(α2-3)Gal(β1-3)Sia(α2-6)GalNAc (disialyl-T) was suggested by binding specificities of 3 lectins.
Sia(α2-3)Gal(β1-3)Sia(α2-6)GalNAc (disialyl-T)	decreased level	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A	C1GALT1|COSMC			diagnostic	IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans	urine		34965524	The reduction of Gal(β1-3)GalNAc (T-antigen), Sia(α2-3)Gal(β1-3)GalNAc (Sialyl T), and Sia(α2-3)Gal(β1-3)Sia(α2-6)GalNAc (disialyl-T) was suggested by binding specificities of 3 lectins.
triantennary complex-type glycans	unaltered level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins					tumors			Cattle	fetal liver		6174521	The results indicate that 75% of alpha-fetoprotein molecules contain two triantennary complex-type glycans, 20% contain one triantennary and one biantennary glycan, and 5% contain two biantennary glycans.
biantennary complex-type glycans	unaltered level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins					tumors			Cattle	fetal liver		6174521	The results indicate that 75% of alpha-fetoprotein molecules contain two triantennary complex-type glycans, 20% contain one triantennary and one biantennary glycan, and 5% contain two biantennary glycans.
sialyl 6-sulfo Lewis X	unaltered level	mesothelin			GlcNAc6ST2|GlcNAc6ST3	Chst4|Chst5			physiological conditions			mouse	pleural mesothelium		35889417	These results indicate that CL40-positive sialylated and sulfated glycans are abundant in the pleural mesothelium and are synthesized complementarily by GlcNAc6ST2 and GlcNAc6ST3, under physiological conditions in mice.
N-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	GP2		Glycoproteins					porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome	Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus		pigs			21195444	By mutation of the glycosylation sites in these proteins, the studies show that glycan addition at N184 of GP2, N42, N50 and N131 of GP3 is necessary for infectious virus production.
N-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	GP3		Glycoproteins					porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome	Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus		pigs			21195444	By mutation of the glycosylation sites in these proteins, the studies show that glycan addition at N184 of GP2, N42, N50 and N131 of GP3 is necessary for infectious virus production.
N-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	GP4		Glycoproteins					porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome	Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus		pigs			21195444	Although single-site mutants of GP4 led to infectious virus production, mutation of any two sites in GP4 was lethal.
blood group antigens	altered level							diagnostic	blood type			Human	serum	Serum	26781493	As expected, IgG and IgM antibody signals to blood group antigens correlated strongly with blood type.
alpha-Gal antigen	altered level							diagnostic	blood type			Human	serum	Serum	26781493	Interestingly, antibodies to other non-ABH glycans, such as the alpha-Gal antigen, also correlated with blood type.
LacNAc-containing glycans	altered level							diagnostic	race			Human	serum	Serum	26781493	Moreover, statistically significant correlations between race and IgG levels to certain LacNAc-containing glycans were observed.
paucimannosidic structures	acquisition of structure	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		24367138	The main difference was the presence of incompletely glycosylated 26.8 kDa species, having putative paucimannosidic structures, observed in PCa PSA-IgM, but not in BPH PSA-IgM.
glycan 2 at Asn-42	loss of structure	CD1d heavy chain		Antigens, CD1|Antigens, CD1d|CD1D protein, human								Human			17071611	However, one glycan, glycan 2 at Asn-42, proved to be of particular importance for the stability of the CD1d-beta(2)m heterodimer.
glycan 1	acquisition of structure	CD1d heavy chain		Antigens, CD1|Antigens, CD1d|CD1D protein, human								Human			17071611	A mutant expressing only glycan 1 dissociated completely from beta(2)m upon exposure to the detergent Triton X-100, whereas a mutant expressing only glycan 2 at Asn-42 was more stable.
core fucosylation	increased level	immunoglobulin molecules|serum glycoproteins		Immunoglobulins|Glycoproteins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		human	serum	Serum	16457596	We show here that increased levels of core fucosylation can be observed via glycan analysis of total serum and are associated with the development of HCC.
agalactosylated (G0) Abs	increased level	MUC16		MUC16 protein, human					chronic HIV infection	HIV Infections		Humans	epithelial cells	Humans|Mucous Membrane	26960182	Here, we describe a natural interaction between Abs and MUC16 that is enhanced in specific disease settings such as chronic HIV infection.
Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF) antigen	increased level							diagnostic	human carcinomas	Neoplasms		Humans	carcinomas	Neoplasms	25157422	The disaccharide galactose-β1,3-N-acetylgalactosamine (Galβ1,3-GalNAc) attached to serine and/or threonine residues of proteins, also known as the Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF) antigen, is highly expressed in various types of human carcinomas.
Lewis X	undetermined	alpha1-acid glycoprotein													18373263	Here we describe the application of enzymatic sequence analysis to a mixture of N-glycans released from alpha1-acid glycoprotein.
CA 125	altered level	CA 125		CA-125 Antigen					ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	NIH:OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	11125279	Lectin-binding experiments demonstrated that the B form is a glycoprotein and not an early apomucin precursor.
differently glycosylated isoforms	undetermined	CTX		ctx-A protein, Xenopus					lymphoid tumor	Tumor Cells, Cultured		Xenopus	lymphoid tumor cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9188846	CTX, a new Xenopus Ig superfamily molecule present on some cortical thymocytes and lymphoid tumor cells, is expressed at the cell surface under six differently glycosylated isoforms as shown by two-dimensional gel analysis and by endo F glycosidase treatment.
N-glycosylation	increased level	CD36		CD36 Antigens					energy depletion			rat	adipocytes	Adipose Tissue	7504047	Further characterization of the 85-kDa protein revealed it was heavily N-glycosylated and possessed a cell surface domain.
Glc1Man9GlcNAc2	unaltered level	Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4					vitamin A deficiency	Vitamin A Deficiency		rat	liver	Liver	1358299	HPLC fractionation of the oligosaccharide alditols showed that the glycoproteins carried mainly four oligosaccharide species, Glc1Man9GlcNAc2, Man9GlcNAc2, Man8GlcNAc2 and Man7GlcNAc2, in identical relative amounts in the vitamin A deficient and the control tissue.
Man9GlcNAc2	unaltered level	Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4					vitamin A deficiency	Vitamin A Deficiency		rat	liver	Liver	1358299	HPLC fractionation of the oligosaccharide alditols showed that the glycoproteins carried mainly four oligosaccharide species, Glc1Man9GlcNAc2, Man9GlcNAc2, Man8GlcNAc2 and Man7GlcNAc2, in identical relative amounts in the vitamin A deficient and the control tissue.
Man8GlcNAc2	unaltered level	Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4					vitamin A deficiency	Vitamin A Deficiency		rat	liver	Liver	1358299	HPLC fractionation of the oligosaccharide alditols showed that the glycoproteins carried mainly four oligosaccharide species, Glc1Man9GlcNAc2, Man9GlcNAc2, Man8GlcNAc2 and Man7GlcNAc2, in identical relative amounts in the vitamin A deficient and the control tissue.
Man7GlcNAc2	unaltered level	Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4					vitamin A deficiency	Vitamin A Deficiency		rat	liver	Liver	1358299	HPLC fractionation of the oligosaccharide alditols showed that the glycoproteins carried mainly four oligosaccharide species, Glc1Man9GlcNAc2, Man9GlcNAc2, Man8GlcNAc2 and Man7GlcNAc2, in identical relative amounts in the vitamin A deficient and the control tissue.
N-linked oligosaccharide	loss of structure	alpha-mannosidase		alpha-Mannosidase								Saccharomyces cerevisiae	vacuolar membrane	Intracellular Membranes|Vacuoles	2266133	None of Asn-X-Thr/Ser sites on the 107-kDa alpha-mannosidase or on two alpha-mannosidase-invertase fusion proteins that are localized inside the vacuole receives N-linked oligosaccharide, whereas those sites on a carboxypeptidase Y-alpha-mannosidase fusion protein are N-glycosylated.
gp120	unaltered level	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV	HIV-1		Humans	cell-free culture supernatants		2261984	Thus the different glycosylation of gp120 does not influence its affinity to CD4 and the gp120-CD4 complex can be reversibly dissociated.
carbohydrate at Asn-297	loss of structure	IgG3		Immunoglobulin G					loss of huFc gamma R1 and huFc gamma R111 binding and/or activation			mouse	B cell plasmacytoma		2174119	Structurally, 1H NMR shows that the absence of carbohydrate at Asn-297 results in a small and localised protein structural change in the vicinity of the reporter group His-268 within the CH2 domain.
carbohydrate at Asn-297	loss of structure	IgG3		Immunoglobulin G					disruption of the site for human Fc gamma R1			mouse	B cell plasmacytoma		2174119	The profound impact of aglycosylation on human Fc gamma R1 recognition implies structural disruption of the proposed site for human Fc gamma R1 in the lower hinge region of IgG (residues 234-239), proximal to His-268.
alpha 2-3-linked sialic acid	acquisition of structure	human chorionic gonadotropin		Chorionic Gonadotropin					Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection	Mycoplasma pneumoniae		human	colon adenocarcinoma cell line (WiDr)		2470754	Both 3'-sialyllactose and dextran sulfate partially inhibit M. pneumoniae adhesion to a human colon adenocarcinoma cell line (WiDr) at concentrations that completely inhibit binding to laminin or sulfatide, respectively, and in combination they inhibit binding of M. pneumoniae to these cells by 90%.
sulfatide	acquisition of structure								Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection	Mycoplasma pneumoniae		human	colon adenocarcinoma cell line (WiDr)		2470754	M. pneumoniae also bind to sulfatide adsorbed on plastic.
highly branched sugar chains	increased level	transferrin		Transferrin					hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	serum		2536709	The alteration is quite various, including the increase of highly branched sugar chains, of those with the Gal beta 1----4(Fuc alpha 1----3)GlcNAc beta 1----and the Neu5Ac alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----groups in their outer chain moieties and of those with a fucosylated trimannosyl core.
Gal beta 1----4(Fuc alpha 1----3)GlcNAc beta 1----	increased level	transferrin		Transferrin					hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	serum		2536709	The alteration is quite various, including the increase of highly branched sugar chains, of those with the Gal beta 1----4(Fuc alpha 1----3)GlcNAc beta 1----and the Neu5Ac alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----groups in their outer chain moieties and of those with a fucosylated trimannosyl core.
Neu5Ac alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----	increased level	transferrin		Transferrin					hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	serum		2536709	The alteration is quite various, including the increase of highly branched sugar chains, of those with the Gal beta 1----4(Fuc alpha 1----3)GlcNAc beta 1----and the Neu5Ac alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----groups in their outer chain moieties and of those with a fucosylated trimannosyl core.
fucosylated trimannosyl core	increased level	transferrin		Transferrin					hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	serum		2536709	The alteration is quite various, including the increase of highly branched sugar chains, of those with the Gal beta 1----4(Fuc alpha 1----3)GlcNAc beta 1----and the Neu5Ac alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----groups in their outer chain moieties and of those with a fucosylated trimannosyl core.
bisected biantennary sugar chain	acquisition of structure	transferrin		Transferrin					hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	serum		2536709	Many but not all of the hepatoma transferrin samples contained a small amount of a bisected biantennary sugar chain, which was not detected in the normal transferrin samples.
sialic acids	altered level	CD133		AC133 Antigen|PROM1 protein, human				prognostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	ascites-derived exosomes	Ascites|Exosomes	30805710	Lectin microarray analyses revealed glycosylation of CD133 by sialic acids as the major glycosylation among diverse others responsible for the glycosylation of exosomal CD133.
fucosylation	acquisition of structure	cytotoxic T lymphocytes		Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte	fucosyltransferases			response	leukemia		adoptive cellular therapy	mouse	bone marrow	Bone Marrow	30647079	Using the enzyme FT-VII, we fucosylated CTLs that target the HLA-A2-restricted leukemia antigens CG1 and PR1, the HER2-derived breast cancer antigen E75, and the melanoma antigen gp-100.
fucosylation	acquisition of structure	cytotoxic T lymphocytes		Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte	fucosyltransferases			response	breast cancer		adoptive cellular therapy	mouse	tumor tissue	Cell Line, Tumor	30647079	Using the enzyme FT-VII, we fucosylated CTLs that target the HLA-A2-restricted leukemia antigens CG1 and PR1, the HER2-derived breast cancer antigen E75, and the melanoma antigen gp-100.
fucosylation	acquisition of structure	cytotoxic T lymphocytes		Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte	fucosyltransferases			response	melanoma		adoptive cellular therapy	mouse	tumor tissue	Cell Line, Tumor	30647079	Using the enzyme FT-VII, we fucosylated CTLs that target the HLA-A2-restricted leukemia antigens CG1 and PR1, the HER2-derived breast cancer antigen E75, and the melanoma antigen gp-100.
sialylation	decreased level	cytosolic proteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	cervical cancer	Uterine Cervical Neoplasms		human	cervical tissues	Cervix Uteri	24366620	However, we found markedly reduced sialylation (P<0.001) and fucosylation (P<0.01) in the proteins of cancer tissues.
fucosylation	decreased level	cytosolic proteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	cervical cancer	Uterine Cervical Neoplasms		human	cervical tissues	Cervix Uteri	24366620	However, we found markedly reduced sialylation (P<0.001) and fucosylation (P<0.01) in the proteins of cancer tissues.
glycosylated CD4	decreased level	CD4		CD4 Antigens					HIV infection	HIV-1		rabbit	reticulocyte lysate	Rabbits	8510209	The results of these experiments indicate that Vpu has the capacity to induce degradation of glycosylated as well as nonglycosylated membrane-associated CD4.
hyperglycosylated hCG	altered level	hCG		Chorionic Gonadotropin				diagnostic	persistent hydatidiform mole			Humans	serum|urine		25275660	Proportion hyperglycosylated hCG marks cases intent on developing persistent hydatidiform mole (68% detection at 17% false detection).
hyperglycosylated hCG	altered level	hCG		Chorionic Gonadotropin				diagnostic	choriocarcinoma			Humans	serum|urine		25275660	Proportion hyperglycosylated hCG distinguishes choriocarcinoma and gestational trophoblastic neoplasm cases, absolutely discriminating aggressive cases and minimally aggressive cases.
hyperglycosylated hCG	altered level	hCG		Chorionic Gonadotropin				diagnostic	gestational trophoblastic neoplasm			Humans	serum|urine		25275660	Proportion hyperglycosylated hCG distinguishes choriocarcinoma and gestational trophoblastic neoplasm cases, absolutely discriminating aggressive cases and minimally aggressive cases.
hyperglycosylated hCG	altered level	hCG		Chorionic Gonadotropin				diagnostic	quiescent gestational trophoblastic disease	Gestational Trophoblastic Disease		Humans	serum|urine		25275660	Proportion hyperglycosylated hCG identifies quiescent gestational trophoblastic disease cases.
complex galactosides	altered level	ricin B chain		Ricin											1373889	Moreover, B chain, which folds into two topologically similar globular domains, can be dissected into amino-terminal and carboxyl-terminal domains to form single binding domains (SBDs) of B chain, each of which displays specificity for complex galactosides.
gamma chain	altered level	gamma protein		Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte					natural killer-like activity	Killer Cells, Natural		human	lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	3102968	It was found that NKFi represents either two 44K disulphide-linked gamma (TCR) chains, or possibly one gamma chain associated to an additional undetected molecule, and that the 41K material corresponds to a partially glycosylated fraction of the gamma protein.
N-linked glycosylation	unaltered level	Transferrin		Transferrin	ALG13 protein, human	ALG13	ALG13 protein, human	diagnostic	ALG13-CDG	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		Humans			32681751	Twenty-four previously reported ALG13-CDG cases had de novo variants, but surprisingly, unlike most forms of CDG, ALG13-CDG did not show the anticipated glycosylation defects, typically detected by altered transferrin glycosylation.
N-linked glycosylation	unaltered level	Transferrin		Transferrin	ALG13 protein, human	ALG13	ALG13 protein, human	diagnostic	West syndrome	Spasms, Infantile	adrenocorticotropic hormone|prednisolone|clobazam|felbamate|ketogenic diet	Humans			32681751	A key finding is that a vast majority of the individuals presents with West syndrome, a feature shared with other CDG types.
N-acetyl-lactosamine	altered level							diagnostic	neuronal proliferation			chick	retina	Retina	10461868	The observed temporospatial changes in the glycosylation patterns of distinct proteins during retinal development suggest NALA as a suitable marker for neuronal proliferation, and HNK-1 for differentiation and establishment of final synaptic configuration.
HNK-1	altered level							diagnostic	differentiation and establishment of final synaptic configuration			chick	retina	Retina	10461868	The observed temporospatial changes in the glycosylation patterns of distinct proteins during retinal development suggest NALA as a suitable marker for neuronal proliferation, and HNK-1 for differentiation and establishment of final synaptic configuration.
Glycosylation	altered level								Wilms Tumor	Wilms Tumor		Humans	Kidney	Kidney	9626060	Our results establish that alteration of novH expression in sporadic and heritable Wilms' tumors is associated with dysregulated expression of both novH mRNA and protein.
sialylation	altered level	5A11/HT7 antigen		Antigens, CD|Antigens, Neoplasm|Antigens, Surface|Avian Proteins|Blood Proteins|Bsg protein, Gallus gallus|Bsg protein, rat|Lectins|Membrane Glycoproteins|Oligosaccharides|Basigin					retina development			chicken	neural retina|epithelial tissues	Retina|Epithelium	8455029	These results indicate tissue-specific posttranslational modifications, particularly differences in sialylation of antigen-bearing polypeptides.
Thomsen-Friedenreich (T) antigen	increased level	sialomucin ASGP-1						diagnostic	mammary adenocarcinoma	Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental		rat	ascites 13762 rat mammary adenocarcinoma cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	3360239	The Thomsen-Friedenreich (T) antigen and its disaccharide component Gal beta 1,3GalNAc, which is recognized by the plant lectin peanut agglutinin (PNA), have been proposed as useful tumor markers because of their apparently specific occurrence in certain types of carcinomas.
terminal glycosylation	decreased level	MHC class II molecules		Histocompatibility Antigens Class II					misfolded proteins			mice	splenocytes	Spleen	8294875	Similar to misfolded proteins, however, the alpha and beta chains are poorly terminally glycosylated, suggesting that they fail to reach the Golgi complex.
α1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine (αGlcNAc)	decreased level	MUC6		MUC6 protein, human|Mucin-6				diagnostic	gastric adenocarcinoma of the fundic gland type (GA-FG)	Adenocarcinoma		Humans	gastric neoplasms	Stomach Neoplasms	32502322	Previously, we assessed α1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine (αGlcNAc) residues attached to the MUC6 scaffold in gastric neoplasms, and observed decreased αGlcNAc glycosylation in both differentiated-type gastric cancer and high-grade pyloric gland adenoma (PGA), a gastric cancer precursor.
α1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine (αGlcNAc)	decreased level	MUC6		MUC6 protein, human|Mucin-6				diagnostic	high-grade pyloric gland adenoma (PGA)			Humans	gastric neoplasms	Stomach Neoplasms	32502322	Previously, we assessed α1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine (αGlcNAc) residues attached to the MUC6 scaffold in gastric neoplasms, and observed decreased αGlcNAc glycosylation in both differentiated-type gastric cancer and high-grade pyloric gland adenoma (PGA), a gastric cancer precursor.
α1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine (αGlcNAc)	decreased level	MUC6		MUC6 protein, human|Mucin-6				diagnostic	gastric adenocarcinoma of the fundic gland type (GA-FG)	Adenocarcinoma		Humans	gastric neoplasms	Stomach Neoplasms	32502322	Thus, diffuse MIST1 positivity and decreased αGlcNAc glycosylation on MUC6-positive cells could serve as important biomarkers for the histopathological diagnosis of GAOG.
	undetermined														12820716	
advanced glycosylation end products	undetermined								diabetes			Humans	U937 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9634194	However, AGEs are supposed to be a major factor in the vascular damages associated with diabetes.
CD45RB glycosylation	undetermined	CD45RB		Leukocyte Common Antigens					B cell subset heterogeneity	B-Lymphocyte Subsets		Human	peripheral blood		35572548	Glycosylation of CD45RB (RB+) has recently been identified to mark antigen-experienced B cells, independent of their CD27 expression.
glycosylation	altered level				phosphoglucomutase-3	PGM3	PGM3 protein, human|Phosphoglucomutase		phosphoglucomutase-3 deficiency			human		Humans	28063873	Detection of phosphoglucomutase-3 deficiency by lectin-based flow cytometry.
glycosylation	unaltered level	MUC1		Mucin-1								sheep			17235181	In spite of their reduced sequence homology, the sheep repeats shared a high number of potential glycosylation sites.
NeuAcalpha2,6 Galbeta1,3GalNAcalpha1,0 Ser/Thr	increased level								Alzheimer disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	brain	Brain	11379819	Results indicate an increase in the production of cryptic O-glycosidically linked proteins (NeuAcalpha2,6 Galbeta1,3GalNAcalpha1,0 Ser/Thr or sialyl-T-antigen) in neuritic sprouting in AD brains as determined by positive labeling with Amaranthus leucocarpus (ALL, T-antigen-specific) and Macrobrachium rosenbergii (MRL, specific for NeuAc5,9Ac2) lectins.
underglycosylated mucin 1	decreased level	Mucin-1		Mucin-1				response	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms	chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)	mouse	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	30793239	In vivo imaging of animals with uMUC1 expressing tumors after 5-FU therapy showed that the average deltaT2 was reduced by 7.27 ms (p = 0.045) compared with animals in control groups indicating lower accumulation of MN-EPPT caused by uMUC1 downregulation.
N-linked glycopeptides	altered level	serum proteins		Blood Proteins				diagnostic	skin cancer	Skin Neoplasms		mice	serum		15608340	We provide data that document the performance of the method and show that sera from untreated normal mice and genetically identical mice with carcinogen-induced skin cancer can be unambiguously discriminated using unsupervised clustering of the resulting peptide patterns.
9-O-acetylated sialoglycoconjugates	increased level							monitoring	Visceral Leishmaniasis	Leishmaniasis, Visceral		Humans	peripheral blood mononuclear cells	Leukocytes, Mononuclear	15454691	Fluorimetric analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients with Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) showed six fold increase in the percentage of surface 9-O-acetylated sialoglycoconjugates (9-O-AcSGs) as compared to normal human donors.
MUC1	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell		Humans	skin	Skin	15377338	Preliminary studies have suggested that MUC1, a transmembrane glycoprotein, is overexpressed in sporadic cutaneous SCCs, and MUC1 has been used with some success as a target antigen for vaccine development in breast cancer, where it is expressed on > 50% of neoplastic cells in approximately 50-80% of tumours.
MUC1	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					Bowen's disease	Bowen's Disease		Humans	skin	Skin	15377338	MUC1 expression was also observed in 95% of sporadic SCCs and 97% of Bowen's disease, with 36% of sporadic SCCs immunopositive for MUC1 in > 50% of tumour cells.
MUC1	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					epidermolysis bullosa	Epidermolysis Bullosa		Humans	skin	Skin	15377338	Expression of MUC1 was detected in 100% of SCCs arising in patients with DEB and JEB; > 50% of neoplastic cells stained positive for MUC1 in 57% of DEB/JEB SCCs, with over 95% of tumour cells immunopositive in 33% of cases.
sialyl Lewis X	undetermined	E-selectin|P-selectin|L-selectin		E-Selectin|P-Selectin|L-Selectin				response	inflammation	Anti-Inflammatory Agents					8879537	The inhibitory activities of compound 1 toward the binding of the natural ligand (sLex) with the E-, P-, and L-selectins were stronger than those of the sLex tetrasaccharide.
N-glycan	altered level	CD16a		FCGR3A protein, human					immune response			human	natural killer cells		35921896	Another relevant variable shown to affect affinity is composition of the CD16a asparagine-linked (N)-glycans.
N-glycan	altered level	CD16a		FCGR3A protein, human					immune response			human	macrophages		35921896	Another relevant variable shown to affect affinity is composition of the CD16a asparagine-linked (N)-glycans.
CA724	increased level							diagnostic	gout			Humans	serum		30905446	We found that the median serum levels of CA724, CEA, CA153, SCCA, and CA125 were highest not in cancer patients but in patients suffering gout, lung fibrosis, nephrotic syndrome, uremia, and cirrhosis, respectively.
CEA	increased level							diagnostic	lung fibrosis			Humans	serum		30905446	We found that the median serum levels of CA724, CEA, CA153, SCCA, and CA125 were highest not in cancer patients but in patients suffering gout, lung fibrosis, nephrotic syndrome, uremia, and cirrhosis, respectively.
CA153	increased level							diagnostic	nephrotic syndrome			Humans	serum		30905446	We found that the median serum levels of CA724, CEA, CA153, SCCA, and CA125 were highest not in cancer patients but in patients suffering gout, lung fibrosis, nephrotic syndrome, uremia, and cirrhosis, respectively.
SCCA	increased level							diagnostic	uremia			Humans	serum		30905446	We found that the median serum levels of CA724, CEA, CA153, SCCA, and CA125 were highest not in cancer patients but in patients suffering gout, lung fibrosis, nephrotic syndrome, uremia, and cirrhosis, respectively.
CA125	increased level							diagnostic	cirrhosis			Humans	serum		30905446	We found that the median serum levels of CA724, CEA, CA153, SCCA, and CA125 were highest not in cancer patients but in patients suffering gout, lung fibrosis, nephrotic syndrome, uremia, and cirrhosis, respectively.
N-linked carbohydrates	loss of structure	CD3 proteins		CD3 Complex|Receptor-CD3 Complex, Antigen, T-Cell								Xenopus laevis	CD8+ cells		11069057	Removal of N-linked carbohydrates yielded CD3 proteins of 19 kDa and 16.5 kDa, most likely representing the CD3epsilon and CD3gamma/delta homologues, respectively.
Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc	altered level							predictive	IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans	urine		33564009	Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that lectin binding signals of Erythrina cristagalli lectin (ECA) (odds ratio [OR] 2.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11-7.28) and Narcissus pseudonarcissus lectin (NPA) (OR 2.32, 95% CI 1.11-4.85) adjusted by age, sex, eGFR, and urinary protein were significantly associated with the outcome, and they recognize Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc and high-mannose including Man(α1-6)Man, respectively.
high-mannose including Man(α1-6)Man	altered level							predictive	IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans	urine		33564009	Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that lectin binding signals of Erythrina cristagalli lectin (ECA) (odds ratio [OR] 2.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11-7.28) and Narcissus pseudonarcissus lectin (NPA) (OR 2.32, 95% CI 1.11-4.85) adjusted by age, sex, eGFR, and urinary protein were significantly associated with the outcome, and they recognize Gal(β1-4)GlcNAc and high-mannose including Man(α1-6)Man, respectively.
sialyl-Lewis a	acquisition of structure	L-CanAg		CA-19-9 Antigen					colon adenocarcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		human	COLO 205 cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9111064	This paper describes the biosynthesis of L-CanAg, a mucin-like glycoprotein which carries the carcinoma-associated carbohydrate epitope sialyl-Lewis a and is secreted by the colon adenocarcinoma cell line COLO 205.
3'-sialylated core 1	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1	Gal6ST		Gal6ST protein, human|Sulfotransferases	diagnostic	interstitial pneumonia			Human	serum		21880669	Human serum Krebs von den Lugen-6 (KL-6) antigen is a MUC1 glycoprotein (KL-6/MUC1) recognized by anti-KL-6 monoclonal antibody (KL-6/mAb) and has been utilized as a diagnostic marker for interstitial pneumonia.
core 1 and extended core 1 glycans with sulfate and sialic acid residues	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1	Gal6ST		Gal6ST protein, human|Sulfotransferases	diagnostic	interstitial pneumonia			Human	serum		21880669	These results indicated that the possible carbohydrate epitopes of KL-6/mAb involve not only 3'-sialylated core 1 but also novel core 1 and extended core 1 with sulfate and sialic acid residues.
sialyl-Lewis X	increased level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	plasma		25733690	We used a method called motif profiling to predict that a structural isomer of sLeA called sialyl-Lewis X (sLeX) is elevated in the plasma of some sLeA-low cancers.
sialyl-Lewis A	unaltered level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	plasma		25733690	The sialyl-Lewis A (sLeA) glycan forms the basis of the CA19-9 assay and is the current best biomarker for pancreatic cancer, but because it is not elevated in ∼25% of pancreatic cancers, it is not useful for early diagnosis.
CD1d	unaltered level			Antigens, CD1d					Lymphoma, B-Cell	Lymphoma, B-Cell		Mice	B-Lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes	11754812	We demonstrate that CD1d access to endosomal compartments is under dual regulation by an intrinsic tyrosine-based motif, which governs intense recycling between the plasma membrane and the endosome, and by the invariant chain, with which CD1d associates in the endoplasmic reticulum.
glycosylated proteins	decreased level	CD276		CD276 protein, human				diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer tissue	Breast Neoplasms	21534635	One of these novel potential biomarkers was CD276, a cell membrane-associated glycoprotein.
HNK-1 glycan	unaltered level	NCAM		Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules	core 2 beta1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase|GlcAT-P|HNK-1ST		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases						fetal brain|heart|myoblast cell line, C2C12	Brain Chemistry|Heart|Myocardium	11891229	These results are consistent with our results showing that HNK-1 glycan is minimally attached to O-glycans of NCAM in fetal brain, heart, and the myoblast cell line, C2C12.
mono- and disialylated sugar chains	altered level	Prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen					prostatic disease			Human	seminal fluid	Semen	11342264	Both PSA-A and PSA-B contained mono- and disialylated sugar chains, although PSA-B had a much higher content of the latter.
mono- and biantennary N-glycans	altered level	Prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen					prostatic disease			Human	seminal fluid	Semen	11342264	After removal of sialic acid residues by sialidase digestion, mono- and biantennary N-glycans and three outer chain moieties (Galbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-, GlcNAcbeta1-, GalNAcbeta1-4GlcNAcbeta1-) were found in both samples.
HNK-1-capped core M2 glycan	increased level				GnT-IX			diagnostic	demyelination	Demyelinating Diseases		mice	brain	Brain	28427937	Finally, we confirmed the increased HNK-1 epitope expression in demyelinated brains of cuprizone-fed mice.
N-glycosylation	altered level							prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	mammary carcinomas		24737166	Our results indicate that various glycosylation reactions influence progression and metastasis of breast cancer and might thus represent potential therapeutic targets.
O-glycosylation	altered level							prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	mammary carcinomas		24737166	Our results indicate that various glycosylation reactions influence progression and metastasis of breast cancer and might thus represent potential therapeutic targets.
N-glycan	increased level	Acute-Phase Proteins		Acute-Phase Proteins				diagnostic	inflammation	Inflammation		Humans	plasma		36254612	These results provide the first direct experimental evidence linking the GlycA NMR signal to N-glycan branching commonly associated with acute phase reactive proteins involved in inflammation.
N-glycan	increased level	Acute-Phase Proteins		Acute-Phase Proteins				diagnostic	cardiovascular outcomes			Humans	plasma		36254612	GlycA is a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signal in plasma that correlates with inflammation and cardiovascular outcomes in large data sets.
N-linked glycans	altered level	aminooligopeptidase		CD13 Antigens					diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1|Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		BioBreed Wistar rat	intestine	Jejunum	11123203	Deglycosylation analyses suggested that the mass difference could be attributed to a lower mass of N-linked with unaltered O-linked glycans in AOP(m) of the diabetic rat.
Sialyl-Tn	acquisition of structure	MUC1|osteopontin		Mucin-1|				response	breast carcinomas	Neoplasms	immunotherapy	mouse	tumour	Cell Line, Tumor	19436292	Sialyl-Tn (STn) is expressed by 25-30% of breast carcinomas but its expression on normal tissue is highly restricted.
Sialyl-Tn	acquisition of structure	MUC1|osteopontin		Mucin-1|				response	tumour	Neoplasms	immunotherapy	mouse	tumour	Cell Line, Tumor	19436292	The protection was dependent on STn being expressed by the tumour and was antibody mediated.
oligomannose glycans	increased level	C3		Complement C3				diagnostic|risk	type 1 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1		human	plasma		36031042	Recently, it was shown that children at the onset of type 1 diabetes (T1D) have a higher proportion of oligomannose glycans in their total plasma protein N-glycome compared to their healthy siblings.
unprocessed glycan structures with more mannose units	increased level	C3		Complement C3				diagnostic|risk	type 1 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1		human	plasma		36031042	T1D was associated with an increase in the proportion of unprocessed glycan structures with more mannose units.
sugar moiety	acquisition of structure	glycoprotein		Glycoproteins	glycosyltransferase		Glycosyltransferases	response	cancer		cytotoxic drugs				21674337	The cargo may be comprised of, for example, biotin or fluorescent tags for detection, imaging agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or cytotoxic drugs for cancer therapy.
(GlcNAc)(2)(Man)(5)	acquisition of structure	Thy-1		Thy-1 Antigens								Chicken	Lec1 mammalian cells	Cell Line	14711516	Recombinant Thy-1 from Lec1 cells contained (GlcNAc)(2)(Man)(5) on asparagine 60, whereas the oligosaccharides on asparagine 23 and 100 contained approximately 80% (GlcNAc)(2)(Man)(4) and approximately 20% (GlcNAc)(2)(Man)(5).
(GlcNAc)(2)(Man)(4)	acquisition of structure	Thy-1		Thy-1 Antigens								Chicken	Lec1 mammalian cells	Cell Line	14711516	Recombinant Thy-1 from Lec1 cells contained (GlcNAc)(2)(Man)(5) on asparagine 60, whereas the oligosaccharides on asparagine 23 and 100 contained approximately 80% (GlcNAc)(2)(Man)(4) and approximately 20% (GlcNAc)(2)(Man)(5).
(GlcNAc)(2)(Fuc)(0-2)(Man)(2-3)	acquisition of structure	Thy-1		Thy-1 Antigens								Chicken	Tn5 insect cells	Cell Line	14711516	The glycoforms on Thy-1 expressed in Tn5 cells were more heterogeneous, with the oligosaccharides ranging over (GlcNAc)(2)(Fuc)(0-2)(Man)(2-3) on each site.
N-linked glycosylation	decreased level	PD-1	PDCD1	PDCD1 protein, human|Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor				response	Neoplasms	Neoplasms	CAR-T cell therapy	Humans|Mice	CAR-T cells	T-Lymphocytes	31783892	Reducing N-linked glycosylation of PD-1 may decrease PD-1 expression and relieve its inhibitory effects on CAR-T cells.
sialyl-Lewis A	increased level	CA 19-9 antigen		CA-19-9 Antigen				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		22623153	Glycan array analysis revealed that certain antibodies were highly specific for the canonical CA 19-9 epitope, sialyl-Lewis A, while others bound sialyl-Lewis A in addition to a related structure called sialyl-Lewis C and modification with Nue5Gc.
sialyl-Lewis C	increased level	CA 19-9 antigen		CA-19-9 Antigen				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		22623153	In a much larger patient cohort, we confirmed the binding of sialyl-Lewis C glycan by one of the antibodies and showed that the broader specificity led to the detection of an increased number of cancer patients without increasing detection of pancreatitis patient samples.
HPA-positive glycotopes	altered level							diagnostic	metastatic breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast cancer cells	Breast Neoplasms	21617214	HPA binding was observed in metastasizing breast and colon cancers and not in non-metastasizing ones.
HPA-positive glycotopes	altered level							diagnostic	metastatic colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	colon cancer cells	Colonic Neoplasms	21617214	HPA binding was observed in metastasizing breast and colon cancers and not in non-metastasizing ones.
gp120	unaltered level	gp120 protein, Simian immunodeficiency virus		gp120 protein, Simian immunodeficiency virus					Simian immunodeficiency virus	Simian Immunodeficiency Virus		Simian immunodeficiency virus	Viral Envelope Proteins	Viral Envelope Proteins	15729334	We report the crystal structure, at 4 A resolution, of a fully glycosylated SIV gp120 core, in a conformation representing its prefusion state, before interaction with CD4.
Sd(a) antigen	decreased level				B4GALNT2		beta-1,4-N-acetyl-galactosaminyl transferase 2		colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		human	colon	Gastrointestinal Tract	24953560	Their dramatic down regulation previously observed in colon cancer tissues could play a role in the concomitant elevation of the selectin ligand sLe(x), involved in metastasis.
sLe(x)	increased level				FUT6		Fucosyltransferases|FUT6 protein, human		colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		human	colon	Gastrointestinal Tract	24953560	Their dramatic down regulation previously observed in colon cancer tissues could play a role in the concomitant elevation of the selectin ligand sLe(x), involved in metastasis.
O-linked sugars	loss of structure	CD46		CD46 protein, human|Membrane Cofactor Protein					fertilization			human	sperm		9659228	These results infer that O-glycosylation perturbs CD46-mediated sperm-binding to eggs and thus sperm CD46 lacking O-linked sugars can serve as an adhesion molecule.
N-linked oligosaccharides	altered level	human chorionic gonadotropin beta-subunit		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human								Chinese hamster	ovary cells	CHO Cells	9111139	SDS-PAGE analysis of betaWT and these mutants before and after digestion with endoglycosidase F and H revealed structural changes in the oligosaccharide moieties of some mutants.
high mannose type oligosaccharides	acquisition of structure	human chorionic gonadotropin beta-subunit		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human								Chinese hamster	ovary cells	CHO Cells	9111139	In addition, structural analysis of oligosaccharides obtained from metabolically labeled betaWT and a mutant showed that the mutant contained additional high mannose type oligosaccharides.
mucin-type glycans	altered level								cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	22212498	Ten cancer cell lines, including blood cancer cells as well as epithelial cancer cells, were used to assess the method.
glycosaminoglycans	altered level			Glycosaminoglycans					cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	22212498	Ten cancer cell lines, including blood cancer cells as well as epithelial cancer cells, were used to assess the method.
T antigen	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1	core 2 β1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase|β-galactoside α2,3-sialyltransferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human|murine	mammary carcinoma cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	22534569	A good correlation between the expression of mucin1 (MUC1) and T antigen was found in breast cancer tumors and breast cancer cell lines, especially after treatment with neuraminidase.
sialyl Le(X)	loss of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1	core 2 β1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase|β-galactoside α2,3-sialyltransferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human|murine	mammary carcinoma cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	22534569	Furthermore, we discovered that in 4T1 cells which express the sialyl Le(X) antigen, overexpression of MUC1 caused not only appearance of T antigen, but also loss of the sialyl Le(X) structure.
oligosaccharide chain	altered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	benign prostatic hyperplasia	Prostatic Hyperplasia		Humans	urine		15607318	In the present study, we examined the glycosylation of urinary prostate-specific antigen (PSA) from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) subjects, specifically looking at alterations in its oligosaccharide chain as a potential biomarker of these pathophysiological conditions.
oligosaccharide chain	altered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	urine		15607318	In the present study, we examined the glycosylation of urinary prostate-specific antigen (PSA) from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) subjects, specifically looking at alterations in its oligosaccharide chain as a potential biomarker of these pathophysiological conditions.
glycosylated moiety of CD43	altered level	CD43		Leukosialin|Sialoglycoproteins					leukemia			human	Molt-4 cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	14651523	In addition, CD43 ligation through the K06 epitope appeared to induce apoptosis in human leukemic cell line, Molt-4.
N-linked oligosaccharides	acquisition of structure	LHbeta		Luteinizing Hormone					aggregation			Human	GH(3) cells	Cell Line	10715549	No aggregation was seen when N-linked oligosaccharides were attached to the Asn(13) of LHbeta.
N-linked glycosylation	loss of structure	CGbeta		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human					aggregation			Human	GH(3) cells	Cell Line	10715549	Removal of the carbohydrate unit at the Asn(13) of CGbeta caused aggregation, although the amount was less than 10% of monomer.
glycosylation	unaltered level							response	B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia	Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell	immunotherapy	Humans	B-CLL cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	7687163	IT potency was independent of toxin glycosylation, but was slightly influenced by antibody valence; divalent ITs were twice as potent as monovalent ITs (IC50, 2.3 v 7.1 x 10(-11) mol/L; CK, 2.6- v 2.0-log reached with 524 v 1,072 IT molecules bound/cell, respectively).
GalNAc-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	chorionic gonadotropin β-subunit			GalNAc-T2		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases					Nicotiana benthamiana	tobacco cells	Nicotiana	20735851	"Ectopic expression of GalNAc-T2 is sufficient to ""arm"" tobacco cells with the ability to perform GalNAc-glycosylation, as evidenced by the attachment of GalNAc to Thr-119 of the endogenous enzyme endochitinase."
glycosylation	unaltered level	galectin-3-binding protein		LGALS3BP protein, human				diagnostic	hepatitis C-related fibrosis	Hepatitis C, Chronic		human	serum		20186066	We investigated the role of G3BP as a single-marker of significant fibrosis and cirrhosis by serology and histology and studied the effect of glycosylation on antibody-affinity in hepatitis C and alcoholic cirrhosis.
glycosylation	unaltered level	galectin-3-binding protein		LGALS3BP protein, human				diagnostic	alcoholic cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic		human	serum		20186066	We investigated the role of G3BP as a single-marker of significant fibrosis and cirrhosis by serology and histology and studied the effect of glycosylation on antibody-affinity in hepatitis C and alcoholic cirrhosis.
glycosylation at Asn271 and Asn300	altered level	CD4		CD4 Antigens								human	T-helper cell	Humans	19267675	By enzymatic deglycosylation and deletions of glycosylation sites, we show that T6-type conformation depends on glycosylation in both sites (Asn271 and Asn300).
N-linked glycosylation	altered level	mammaglobin		Mammaglobin A|SCGB2A2 protein, human				diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast tumors	Tumor Cells, Cultured	12022875	This work describes the biochemistry of the mammaglobin/lipophilin B complex and lays the framework for use of this complex as a novel protein-based serological marker for breast cancer.
deglycosylated ricin A-chain	acquisition of structure							response	T acute lymphoblastic leukemia	Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell	DA7 immunotoxin therapy	SCID mice	hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic organs	Mice, SCID	1371092	To study possible therapeutic approaches for disseminated leukemia we utilized an immunotoxin, DA7, constructed by chemically linking the mouse IgG2b anti-CD7(3A1E) monoclonal antibody which recognizes a pan-T-cell marker expressed on almost all T-cell leukemias to deglycosylated ricin A-chain, a catalytic plant toxin and inhibitor of protein synthesis.
N-linked glycosylation	acquisition of structure	sCD83		Antigens, CD				response	graft rejection			Pichia pastoris			23392767	Treatment with PNGase F showed that purified hsCD83-Ig was modified by N-linked glycosylation.
N-linked glycosylation	acquisition of structure	sCD83		Antigens, CD				response	graft-versus-host disease			Pichia pastoris			23392767	Treatment with PNGase F showed that purified hsCD83-Ig was modified by N-linked glycosylation.
N-linked glycosylation	acquisition of structure	sCD83		Antigens, CD				response	autoimmune diseases			Pichia pastoris			23392767	Treatment with PNGase F showed that purified hsCD83-Ig was modified by N-linked glycosylation.
glycosylation pattern	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					immune response	Antigen-Antibody Reactions		Mice	tumor cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	22247051	Variation of the glycosylation pattern in MUC1 glycopeptide BSA vaccines and its influence on the immune response.
IgE-binding molecules	unaltered level	Mac-2/epsilon BP		Galectin 3					Eosinophilia	Eosinophilia		Humans	Granulocytes	Humans|Granulocytes	8030995	Human granulocytes express functional IgE-binding molecules, Mac-2/epsilon BP.
sialyl-Lewisa	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					pancreatic tumor	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	Panc-1 and S2-013 cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9305871	We developed an epitope-tagged form of MUC1 that allowed the detection of multiple MUC1 glycoforms and established the presence of a number of important blood group and tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens on MUC1 expressed by two pancreatic tumor cell lines (Panc-1 and S2-013) and two colon tumor cell lines (Caco-2 and HT-29).
sialyl-Lewisc	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					pancreatic tumor	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	Panc-1 and S2-013 cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9305871	We developed an epitope-tagged form of MUC1 that allowed the detection of multiple MUC1 glycoforms and established the presence of a number of important blood group and tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens on MUC1 expressed by two pancreatic tumor cell lines (Panc-1 and S2-013) and two colon tumor cell lines (Caco-2 and HT-29).
sialyl-Lewisx	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					pancreatic tumor	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	Panc-1 and S2-013 cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9305871	We developed an epitope-tagged form of MUC1 that allowed the detection of multiple MUC1 glycoforms and established the presence of a number of important blood group and tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens on MUC1 expressed by two pancreatic tumor cell lines (Panc-1 and S2-013) and two colon tumor cell lines (Caco-2 and HT-29).
sialyl-Tn	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					pancreatic tumor	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	Panc-1 and S2-013 cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9305871	We developed an epitope-tagged form of MUC1 that allowed the detection of multiple MUC1 glycoforms and established the presence of a number of important blood group and tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens on MUC1 expressed by two pancreatic tumor cell lines (Panc-1 and S2-013) and two colon tumor cell lines (Caco-2 and HT-29).
sialyl-Lewisa	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					colon tumor	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	Caco-2 and HT-29 cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9305871	We developed an epitope-tagged form of MUC1 that allowed the detection of multiple MUC1 glycoforms and established the presence of a number of important blood group and tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens on MUC1 expressed by two pancreatic tumor cell lines (Panc-1 and S2-013) and two colon tumor cell lines (Caco-2 and HT-29).
sialyl-Lewisc	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					colon tumor	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	Caco-2 and HT-29 cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9305871	We developed an epitope-tagged form of MUC1 that allowed the detection of multiple MUC1 glycoforms and established the presence of a number of important blood group and tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens on MUC1 expressed by two pancreatic tumor cell lines (Panc-1 and S2-013) and two colon tumor cell lines (Caco-2 and HT-29).
sialyl-Lewisx	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					colon tumor	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	Caco-2 and HT-29 cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9305871	We developed an epitope-tagged form of MUC1 that allowed the detection of multiple MUC1 glycoforms and established the presence of a number of important blood group and tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens on MUC1 expressed by two pancreatic tumor cell lines (Panc-1 and S2-013) and two colon tumor cell lines (Caco-2 and HT-29).
sialyl-Tn	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					colon tumor	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	Caco-2 and HT-29 cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9305871	We developed an epitope-tagged form of MUC1 that allowed the detection of multiple MUC1 glycoforms and established the presence of a number of important blood group and tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens on MUC1 expressed by two pancreatic tumor cell lines (Panc-1 and S2-013) and two colon tumor cell lines (Caco-2 and HT-29).
α1-3,4 fucosylation	decreased level	HNF1A protein, human		HNF1A protein, human|Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-alpha				diagnostic	HNF1A-MODY			Humans	blood plasma		34939081	Individuals carrying damaging variants in HNF1A show decreased levels of α1-3,4 fucosylation, as demonstrated on antennary fucosylation of blood plasma N-glycans.
C2-O-sLeX	acquisition of structure				core 2 beta1,6 N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase		colon carcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	colon carcinoma cells	HT29 Cells	15596301	Hence, we demonstrate for the first time the detection of C2-O-sLeX on colon carcinoma cells, which, as with leukocytes, may be directly relevant to the expression of high affinity glycan ligands for the selectins.
tri antennary trigalactosylated trisialylated glycans	unaltered level							prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	serum		26321095	We identified tri antennary trigalactosylated trisialylated glycans in serum as being associated with lower levels of tumour transcripts involved in focal adhesion and integrin-mediated cell adhesion.
simple monoantennary glycan structures	unaltered level							prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	serum		26321095	High abundance of simple monoantennary glycan structures were associated with increased survival, particularly in the basal-like subgroup.
bi and triantennary, di- and trigalactosylated, di- and trisialylated glycans	unaltered level							diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	serum		26321095	The presence of circulating tumour cells was found to be significantly associated with several serum glycome structures like bi and triantennary, di- and trigalactosylated, di- and trisialylated.
9-O-acetyl-N-acetylneuraminic acid	unaltered level								viral infection			mammalian	cells	Cell Line	27936566	Feeding of Neu5Ac9NAc or Neu5,9Ac2 to mammalian cells resulted in comparable incorporation and surface expression as well as binding to 9-O-acetyl-Sia-specific viruses.
9-acetamido-9-deoxy-N-acetylneuraminic acid	unaltered level								viral infection			mammalian	cells	Cell Line	27936566	Feeding of Neu5Ac9NAc or Neu5,9Ac2 to mammalian cells resulted in comparable incorporation and surface expression as well as binding to 9-O-acetyl-Sia-specific viruses.
O-glycans	altered level	MUC1|MUC4		Mucins|Mucins				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human			21344374	Seromic profiling of patients with colorectal cancer identified cancer-associated autoantibodies to a set of aberrant glycopeptides derived from MUC1 and MUC4.
Gal f β1,3Man p α1,2-[Gal f β1,3]Man p α	acquisition of structure	NGP32b		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	Chagas disease	Chagas Disease		Humans	sera		35056727	Receiver-operating characteristic analysis revealed that NGP32b can distinguish CCD sera from sera of healthy individuals with 85.3% sensitivity and 100% specificity.
CA19-9	increased level			CA-19-9 Antigen				diagnostic|prognostic	cholangiocarcinoma	Cholangiocarcinoma		Humans	serum		32659223	High levels of CA19-9, CCA-CA, CA-S27, or WFA<sup>+</sup>-MUC1 were associated with poor prognosis and poor survival of CCA patients.
CCA-CA	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	cholangiocarcinoma	Cholangiocarcinoma		Humans	serum		32659223	High levels of CA19-9, CCA-CA, CA-S27, or WFA<sup>+</sup>-MUC1 were associated with poor prognosis and poor survival of CCA patients.
CA-S27	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	cholangiocarcinoma	Cholangiocarcinoma		Humans	serum		32659223	High levels of CA19-9, CCA-CA, CA-S27, or WFA<sup>+</sup>-MUC1 were associated with poor prognosis and poor survival of CCA patients.
WFA<sup>+</sup>-MUC1	increased level	MUC1						diagnostic|prognostic	cholangiocarcinoma	Cholangiocarcinoma		Humans	serum		32659223	High levels of CA19-9, CCA-CA, CA-S27, or WFA<sup>+</sup>-MUC1 were associated with poor prognosis and poor survival of CCA patients.
WFA<sup>+</sup>-M2BP	increased level	M2BP						diagnostic|prognostic	cholangiocarcinoma	Cholangiocarcinoma		Humans	serum		32659223	Five CCA-associated glycobiomarkers-carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), carbohydrate antigen-S27 (CA-S27), CCA-associated carbohydrate antigen (CCA-CA), WFA-positive MUC1 (WFA<sup>+</sup>-MUC1), and WFA-positive M2BP (WFA<sup>+</sup>-M2BP), in the sera from CCA patients (N = 138) were determined in comparison with non-CCA control subjects (N = 246).
sialyl Lewis(X)	decreased level							response	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms	L-asparaginase	Humans	ovarian cancer cell lines|human microvascular endothelial cells	Cell Line, Tumor|Endothelial Cells	22333033	These effects were associated with reduced binding to ß1integrin, activation of FAK, and cell surface sialyl Lewis(X) (sLe(x)) expression.
Tn antigen	undetermined								cancer			Humans	tumor cells	Humans	33724805	MGL contains an extracellular calcium-dependent (C-type) carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) that specifically binds terminal N-acetylgalactosamine glycan residues such as the Tn and sialyl-Tn antigens found on tumor cells, as well as other N- and O-glycans displayed on certain viruses and parasites.
Stage-Specific Embryonic Antigens	undetermined														21308915	Effects of neighboring glycans on antibody-carbohydrate interaction.
galactosylation	altered level	IgG Fc		Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments				diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		27173519	In addition, significant changes in galactosylation, sialylation, and bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) from DSIgG were also observed between two pathophysiological states.
sialylation	altered level	IgG Fc		Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments				diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		27173519	In addition, significant changes in galactosylation, sialylation, and bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) from DSIgG were also observed between two pathophysiological states.
bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)	altered level	IgG Fc		Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments				diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		27173519	In addition, significant changes in galactosylation, sialylation, and bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) from DSIgG were also observed between two pathophysiological states.
G2FN/G1FN ratio	altered level	IgG Fc		Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments				diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		27173519	Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated that the G2FN/G1FN (from DSIgG2) ratio has an excellent capability to distinguish female BGD patients from female GC patients over the age range of 20-79 years, with the sensitivity of 82.6%, the specificity of 82.6%, and the area under curve (AUC) of 0.872.
glycosylation	unaltered level	CD1d		Antigens, CD1					terminal differentiation			Humans	keratinocytes	Keratinocytes	16456021	A comparison of undifferentiated and differentiated cultured KC did not reveal any differences in the association with beta(2)-microglobulin, invariant chain of class II MHC, or patterns of glycosylation, suggesting that these biochemical properties are not regulating the cellular distribution of CD1d.
glycosylated hemoglobin	increased level	hemoglobin		Hemoglobins				risk	diabetes	Diabetic Angiopathies		Humans	serum		12750308	Diabetes is associated with an increase in the nonenzymatic glycosylation of serum proteins, including Hb.
glycosylated hemoglobin	increased level	hemoglobin		Hemoglobins				risk	cardiovascular disease			Humans	serum		12750308	We propose that the specific interaction between diabetes, CVD, and Hp genotype is the result of the heightened urgency of rapidly clearing glycosylated Hb-Hp complexes from the subendothelial space before they can oxidatively modify low-density lipoprotein to atherogenic oxidized low-density lipoprotein.
fructosamine	decreased level							diagnostic	obesity	Obesity		Humans	serum		8181253	In obese diabetic and non-diabetic subjects (body mass index > or = 30 kg m-2), the concentration of fructosamine was markedly lower than that obtained for lean diabetic and non-diabetic subjects with similar glycaemic control.
fructosamine	decreased level							diagnostic	type 2 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	serum		8181253	In obese diabetic and non-diabetic subjects (body mass index > or = 30 kg m-2), the concentration of fructosamine was markedly lower than that obtained for lean diabetic and non-diabetic subjects with similar glycaemic control.
sialyl-Le(a)	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					colon carcinoma			Humans	COLO 205|SW1116|LoVo	Tumor Cells, Cultured	7679050	The Ma552/Eu-C50 assay revealed the presence of sialyl-Le(a)-carrying MUC1 in COLO 205 as expected, as well as in SW1116.
Mac-2 Binding Protein Glycosylation isomer	increased level							diagnostic	Liver fibrosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Human	Serum		28486931	Mac-2 Binding Protein Glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) is a novel serological glyco-biomarker for staging liver fibrosis.
Mac-2 Binding Protein Glycosylation isomer	increased level							diagnostic	Chronic hepatitis C	Hepatitis C, Chronic		Human	Serum		28486931	Here, we aimed to evaluate the efficiency of serum M2BPGi in identifying liver fibrosis stages in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis C infection.
Thomsen-Friedenreich epitope	increased level	Mucin 1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	infertility			Human	endometrium	Endometrium	19506091	We identified a significant upregulation of MUC1 and TF epitope and, in addition, galectin-1 binding in glandular epithelium and epithelial apical surface tissue from proliferative to secretory phase.
Thomsen-Friedenreich epitope	increased level	Mucin 1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	irregular fertilization			Human	oocyte	Oocytes	19506091	In addition we identified TF epitope and galectin-1 expression plus binding on the human oocyte and irregularly fertilized oocytes.
Lewis(x)	acquisition of structure	CEACAM1		CD66 antigens					infection			Humans	neutrophils	Neutrophils	16246332	DC-SIGN is a C-type lectin that has specificity for Lewis(x), and we show that DC-SIGN mediates binding to CEACAM1 through Lewis(x) moieties that are specifically expressed on CEACAM1 derived from neutrophils.
advanced glycation endproducts	increased level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	tissues	Brain	15653175	Antibodies against advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) are used for their immunohistological localization in tissues, for example in Alzheimer's disease (AD) or diabetes.
advanced glycation endproducts	increased level							diagnostic	diabetes			Humans	tissues	Brain	15653175	Antibodies against advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) are used for their immunohistological localization in tissues, for example in Alzheimer's disease (AD) or diabetes.
advanced lipoxidation products	increased level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	tissues	Brain	15653175	Increased radical production, leading to the formation of lipid-derived reactive carbonyl species, such as malondialdehyde (MDA), acrolein, and glyoxal, is a characteristic aspect of age-related diseases like Alzheimer's disease or diabetic polyneuropathy.
advanced lipoxidation products	increased level							diagnostic	diabetic polyneuropathy			Humans	tissues	Brain	15653175	Increased radical production, leading to the formation of lipid-derived reactive carbonyl species, such as malondialdehyde (MDA), acrolein, and glyoxal, is a characteristic aspect of age-related diseases like Alzheimer's disease or diabetic polyneuropathy.
MUC1	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	mesothelioma	Mesothelioma		human	serum		18454162	CA15.3 (soluble MUC1) levels were significantly higher in the serum of mesothelioma patients than in healthy controls but were not significantly different to levels in patients with benign asbestos-related disease.
glycated apoA-IV	increased level	apolipoprotein A-IV		apolipoprotein A-IV				diagnostic	coronary artery disease	Coronary Artery Disease		Homo sapiens	blood		29025558	The relative intensity and the abundance of apoA-IV glycation were associated with the presence and severity of CAD in patients with T2DM (all p < 0.05).
glycated apoA-IV	increased level	apolipoprotein A-IV		apolipoprotein A-IV				response	atherogenesis	Atherosclerosis		Mus musculus	apoE-/- mice	Mice	29025558	The experiments showed that g-apoA-IV induced proinflammatory reactions in vitro and promoted atherogenesis in apoE-/- mice through the nuclear receptor NR4A3.
hypoglycosylated MUC1	increased level	Mucin 1		Mucin-1					Inflammatory Bowel Disease	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases	Therapies directed against abnormal MUC1	human	colonic epithelium		20084048	Mucin 1 (MUC1) is overexpressed in an abnormal, hypoglycosylated form on the colonic epithelium in human IBD where it contributes to inflammation.
hypoglycosylated MUC1	increased level	Mucin 1		Mucin-1					Pancreatitis	Pancreatitis	Therapies directed against abnormal MUC1	human	pancreatic ductal epithelia		20084048	MUC1 is also expressed on pancreatic ductal epithelia.
glycosylation	undetermined	CD83		Membrane Glycoproteins					immune responses			Humans	dendritic cells	Dendritic Cells	11922761	Furthermore, we showed that native CD83 is glycosylated and that this glycosylation influences the binding of the antibodies in Western blot analyses.
glycosylated Vesp v 1	undetermined	Vesp v 1		allergen Ves v 1					anaphylaxis	Anaphylaxis		Vespa velutina nigrithorax			32939859	Vesp v 5 and glycosylated Vesp v 1 are relevant allergens in Vespa velutina nigrithorax anaphylaxis.
glycosylated NTCP	increased level	sodium-taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide		sodium-bile acid cotransporter					Hepatitis B virus infection	Hepatitis B virus		Humans	liver cells	Hepatocytes	32175289	The glycosylated NTCP localizes to the plasma membrane through interaction with E-cadherin, which increases interaction with the preS1 portion of the Large HBV surface antigen.
carbohydrate	unaltered level											mouse	NK cells	Killer Cells, Natural	10591184	Despite its homology to C-type lectins, Ly49A binds independently of carbohydrate and Ca2+ and shows specificity for MHC I but not bound peptide.
glycosylated rhG-CSF	undetermined								Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization	Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization		Humans	Bone Marrow Cells|Peripheral Blood	Bone Marrow Cells|	9645584	Flow cytometry comparison of CD34+ subsets in bone marrow and peripheral blood after priming with glycosylated or non-glycosylated rhG-CSF.
alpha GalNAc	acquisition of structure	Mucin-1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms	synthetic cancer vaccines	Humans	cancer-associated mucin	Mucin-1	8595249	Synthetic cancer associated mucin derived 16 amino acid peptide GVTSAPDTRPAPGSTA and its partially glycosylated forms have demonstrated specific binding to two monoclonal antibodies, B27.29 and BCP8, raised against the native cancer associated mucin, MUC-1 and a MUC-1 derived synthetic peptide, respectively.
CD4 glycan	altered level	CD4		CD4 Antigens					allelic difference	Alleles		Bos taurus|B. indicus	T cells	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes	7875740	Biochemical studies also revealed an allelic difference in the relative molecular weight (M(r)) of the CD4 molecule, one allele giving 49,000/52,000 MW bands and the other 52,000/57,000 MW bands in sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE).
poly-N-acetyllactosamine	increased level	mucin		Mucins				diagnostic	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		human	serum		8813123	Colon cancer mucin is a newly identified ligand for galectin-3, and binding of galectin-3 to mucins depends on peripheral carbohydrate structures.
Asn-linked oligosaccharide moieties	acquisition of structure	anti-CD22 monoclonal antibody, hLL2		Antibodies, Monoclonal|CD22 protein, human								human			9692846	Asn-linked oligosaccharide moieties were designed and engineered into the constant domains of a humanized anti-CD22 monoclonal antibody, hLL2.
immature high-mannose glycans	increased level	gp130		Cytokine Receptor gp130					Kaposi's sarcoma			Human	KSHV-infected cells		15258150	Secreted vIL-6 is completely glycosylated at both possible N-glycosylaton sites and contains a large proportion of immature high-mannose glycans that is not typical of cytokines.
sialyl Lewis X	acquisition of structure	CD63			fucosyltransferase VII|fucosyltransferase IX				endothelial damage				extracellular vesicles	Extracellular Vesicles	36463392	Through this strategy, we showcase surface display of two types of glycan ligands, sialyl Lewis X (sLeX) and Lewis X, on EVs and achieve high specificity towards activated endothelial cells and dendritic cells, respectively.
Lewis X	acquisition of structure	CD63			fucosyltransferase VII|fucosyltransferase IX				endothelial damage				extracellular vesicles	Extracellular Vesicles	36463392	Through this strategy, we showcase surface display of two types of glycan ligands, sialyl Lewis X (sLeX) and Lewis X, on EVs and achieve high specificity towards activated endothelial cells and dendritic cells, respectively.
Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi)	decreased level							risk	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular	oral anti-viral therapy	human	serum		30306612	The median M2BPGi levels significantly decreased from 1.68 COI at baseline, to 1.0 at year 1, and 0.88 at year 2.
Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi)	decreased level							risk	chronic hepatitis B	Hepatitis B, Chronic	oral anti-viral therapy	human	serum		30306612	Serum M2BPGi level significantly decreases after NA treatment in CHB patients.
N-linked glycosylation	acquisition of structure	recombinant human IFN-α2b		Interferon alpha-2|Interferon-alpha|Interferon-alpha2b					antiviral activity			CHO cells	CHO cell strains	CHO Cells	32169063	Two novel long-acting recombinant human IFN-α2b (rhIFN-α2b) proteins were designed in which the carboxyl-terminal peptide (CTP) of the human chorionic gonadotropin β su bunit and N-linked glycosylation sequences were linked to rhIFN-α2b.
N-linked glycosylation	acquisition of structure	recombinant human IFN-α2b		Interferon alpha-2|Interferon-alpha|Interferon-alpha2b					antiproliferative activity	Cell Proliferation		CHO cells	CHO cell strains	CHO Cells	32169063	IFN-1CTPON and IFN-2CTPON showed antiviral and antiproliferative activities in vitro.
O-glycosylation	increased level	LGALS3BP		LGALS3BP protein, human	GALNT6		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases	prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer cells	Humans|Breast Neoplasms|Cell Line, Tumor	31894262	The present study demonstrated a crucial pathophysiological role of GALNT6 through its O‑glycosylation of lectin galactoside‑binding soluble 3 binding protein (LGALS3BP), a secreted growth‑promoting glycoprotein, in breast cancer growth.
Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer	increased level	Mac-2 binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic|predictive	liver fibrosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		30101431	Serum Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) is a novel fibrosis marker for various chronic liver diseases.
Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer	increased level	Mac-2 binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic|predictive	acute cellular rejection	Graft Rejection	treatment	Humans	serum		30101431	Three patients with acute cellular rejection showed high levels of M2BPGi, which decreased after the treatment.
N-glycosylation	altered level	BST-1/CD157		Antigens, CD|Antigens, Differentiation|Antigens, Surface|Membrane Glycoproteins								Spodoptera	insect-cell system	Cell Line	11439087	Previously, a soluble form of BST-1/CD157 (sBST-1), which lacked the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored portion, was expressed by a baculovirus-insect-cell system.
Igalpha	increased level	Igalpha		CD79A protein, human					B cell differentiation			Human	B cell	B-Lymphocytes	10383452	Greater heterogeneity of the Igalpha and Igbeta molecules in pre-B and B cell lines was attributable to increased glycosylation complexity.
Igbeta	increased level	Igbeta		CD79B protein, human					B cell differentiation			Human	B cell	B-Lymphocytes	10383452	Greater heterogeneity of the Igalpha and Igbeta molecules in pre-B and B cell lines was attributable to increased glycosylation complexity.
sialic acid	increased level				alpha2,3(N) ST		beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		behavioral deficits				neuronal cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9705883	Subchronic exposure of neuronal cells to low concentrations of lead (10(-6)-10(-16) M) resulted in up to a 3-fold induction of total cellular ST activity, the level of induction being more pronounced in embryonically derived cells compared with postnatally derived cells.
sialosyl dimeric Le(x)	increased level								lung adenocarcinoma			Human	lung adenocarcinoma cell line HAL-8		1676353	Expression of sialosyl dimeric Le(x) (defined by MAb FH6) was high on HAL-8, moderate on HAL-33, and relatively low on HAL-24.
sialosyl dimeric Le(x)	decreased level								lung adenocarcinoma			Human	lung adenocarcinoma cell line HAL-24		1676353	Expression of sialosyl dimeric Le(x) (defined by MAb FH6) was high on HAL-8, moderate on HAL-33, and relatively low on HAL-24.
C gamma 2 structures	altered level	Fc gamma		Receptors, Fc					hyperimmune response		hyperimmunization	Rabbits			2459221	The results of this study provide immunologic evidence that abnormal C gamma 2 structures exist prior to and reach serologically detectable levels during the hyperimmune response in these animals, apparently as a result of glycosylation pattern alterations within the Fc region.
C gamma 2 structures	altered level	Fc gamma		Receptors, Fc					human arthritic diseases			Rabbits			2459221	Such autoantigenic differences could account for the induction of RF under these conditions, and perhaps in certain human arthritic diseases as well.
O-GlcNAc	altered level								Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		human	brain	Brain	28657654	Herein, we report the most comprehensive, quantitative proteomics analysis for protein O-GlcNAcylation in postmortem human brain tissues with and without AD by the use of isobaric tandem mass tag labelling, chemoenzymatic photocleavage enrichment, and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry.
carbohydrate-deficient transferrin	increased level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		Humans	serum		28535888	The level of %CDT was significantly elevated, but absolute CDT level was not changed.
GlycA	increased level	Acute Phase Proteins		Acute-Phase Proteins				diagnostic	Rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		Humans	Plasma		27067270	GlycA concentrations were significantly elevated in RA versus controls (P = 0.036).
GlycA	increased level	Acute Phase Proteins		Acute-Phase Proteins				diagnostic	Cardio-metabolic risk			Humans	Plasma		27067270	GlycA provides an integrated measure of inflammation with contributions from traditional inflammatory markers and cardio-metabolic sources, dominated by inflammatory markers in persons with RA and cardio-metabolic factors in those without.
glycosylated nucleolin	increased level	nucleolin		RNA-Binding Proteins				diagnostic	glioma	Brain Neoplasms		human	glioma specimens	Brain Neoplasms	21938743	The results obtained demonstrate that surface nucleolin increase with the malignancy grade thus suggesting that it may constitute a histopathological marker for glioma grading and a possible tool for targeted therapy.
beta-d-TalNAc-(1-->4)-DNJ	acquisition of structure								natural killer cell activation			rat|human	natural killer cells		20580553	Deoxynojirimycin (1) and two new related 4-O-hexosaminyl-containing disaccharide mimics, beta-d-TalNAc-(1-->4)-DNJ (4) and beta-d-ManNAc-(1-->4)-DNJ (5), have been studied as agonists of natural killer (NK) cell receptors.
beta-d-ManNAc-(1-->4)-DNJ	acquisition of structure								natural killer cell activation			rat|human	natural killer cells		20580553	Deoxynojirimycin (1) and two new related 4-O-hexosaminyl-containing disaccharide mimics, beta-d-TalNAc-(1-->4)-DNJ (4) and beta-d-ManNAc-(1-->4)-DNJ (5), have been studied as agonists of natural killer (NK) cell receptors.
N-linked glycosylation	unaltered level	BST-2		BST2 protein, human					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	293T cells	Cell Line	19737401	We found that BST-2 is modified by N-linked glycosylation at two sites in the extracellular domain.
O-linked beta-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc)	increased level	NFkappaB|NFAT		NF-kappa B|NFATC Transcription Factors	O-linked N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (OGT)		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		T- and B-lymphocytes activation	Lymphocyte Activation		Humans	T cells|B cells	T-Lymphocytes|B-Lymphocytes	17882263	Moreover, kinetic experiments show that O-GlcNAc modification prominently increased shortly after activation of lymphoid cells and it might be required for nuclear translocation of the transcription factors NFkappaB and NFAT.
distinctively glycosylated proteins	altered level	B7.1		B7-1 Antigen				diagnostic	intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm	Pancreatic Intraductal Neoplasms		Humans	serum	Blood Proteins	30509115	B7.1 was found to be a valuable biomarker for differentiating between IPMN and healthy controls, with better performance alone than CA 19-9.
distinctively glycosylated proteins	altered level	B7.1|IL.17E|DR6		B7-1 Antigen				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum	Blood Proteins	30509115	A panel including CA 19-9, IL.17E, B7.1 and DR6 gave an AUC of 0.988 at 100% sensitivity at 90% specificity for the discrimination of stage 1 pancreatic cancer and healthy controls.
galactose-deficient (Gd)-IgA1	increased level	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A				diagnostic	IgA vasculitis with nephritis	IgA Vasculitis		Humans	serum		29190714	The serum level of galactose-deficient (Gd)-IgA1 (p<0.01) and the urinary concentrations of IgA, IgG, IgM, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IgA-IgG complexes and IgA-sCD89 complexes (p<0.001 for all) were higher in the IgAV-N patients than in the IgAV-woN patients.
GlycA	increased level							risk	inflammation	Inflammation		Humans	serum		28838917	Acute and chronic exposure to tobacco smoking is associated with inflammation, as quantified by both GlycA and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.
N-glycosylation	loss of structure	FcalphaR		Fc(alpha) receptor	peptide-N-glycosidase F							Humans	Neutrophils	Neutrophils	17576823	After treatment by peptide-N-glycosidase F, an enzyme that removes N-glycosylation, FcalphaR from secretory vesicles and tertiary granules revealed a core protein of 32 kDa, which was the same as the backbone of full length of FcalphaR.
N-linked oligosaccharides	altered level	T cell receptor		Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell	mannosidase II		Mannosidases|mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,3 - 1,6-alpha-mannosidase		T cell proliferation	Lymphocyte Activation	Swainsonine	Human	mononuclear lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	1832085	The objective of the present investigation was to examine the effect of altered oligosaccharide structure on the expression and function of the TCR.
asialofetuin-A	increased level	fetuin-A		alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein	Sialidase		Neuraminidase	diagnostic	neuroinflammatory diseases	Central Nervous System Diseases		Humans	serum|CSF		36206263	Sialidase digestion showed increased asialofetuin-A levels in serum and CSF samples from children with neuroinflammatory diseases.
O-glycosylation	decreased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					adenocarcinomas	Adenocarcinoma		human	tumor cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	24072600	The extracellular domain of MUC1 contains a variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) region that is extensively O-glycosylated in normal epithelia and underglycosylated in tumor cells.
glycosylated receptors	undetermined												living cells and tissues		23764939	This is achieved by three orthogonal functionalities in TRICEPS-one that enables conjugation to an amino group containing ligands, a second for the ligand-based capture of glycosylated receptors on gently oxidized living cells and a biotin tag for purifying receptor peptides for analysis by quantitative mass spectrometry (MS).
glycosylated CEACAM6	increased level	CEACAM6		CEACAM6 protein, human				diagnostic	neonatal lung disease	Infant, Premature, Diseases|Lung Diseases		human	lung	Lung	22037359	CEACAM6 was present in lung lavage of premature infants at birth and increased progressively in intubated infants with lung disease.
glycosylated DNA	increased level							diagnostic	diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus		Humans	sera		21734343	Autoantibodies against glycosylated DNA were correlated with HbA₁c and microvascular complications and may be useful as another biomarker for assessment of chronic glycemia.
glycosylated DNA	increased level							diagnostic	nephropathy			Humans	sera		21734343	Linear correlation analysis showed that mean absorbance difference was significantly related to HbA1c (r=0.486, p< 0.001), nephropathy (r= 0.239, p< 0.003), retinopathy (r=0.165, p< 0.05).
glycosylated DNA	increased level							diagnostic	retinopathy			Humans	sera		21734343	Linear correlation analysis showed that mean absorbance difference was significantly related to HbA1c (r=0.486, p< 0.001), nephropathy (r= 0.239, p< 0.003), retinopathy (r=0.165, p< 0.05).
transferrin sialylation	decreased level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	mild sepsis	Sepsis		Humans	serum	Humans	21498934	Patients who developed severe sepsis had either a small or marked change in transferrin sialylation while in patients with mild sepsis sialylation decreased moderately.
transferrin sialylation	altered level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	severe sepsis	Sepsis		Humans	serum	Humans	21498934	Patients who developed severe sepsis had either a small or marked change in transferrin sialylation while in patients with mild sepsis sialylation decreased moderately.
fructosamine	increased level							monitoring	diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus|Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1|Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2	fructosamine self-test	Humans	blood	Blood Glucose	11469264	This new self-testing system has the potential to improve glycemic control dramatically in patients with diabetes, including those patients with type 2 diabetes using oral drug therapy.
polyglycylation	altered level	tubulin		Tubulin				diagnostic	morphogenesis	Morphogenesis		Paramecium|Frontonia atra	ciliates	Ciliophora	11374440	Thus, a sequential mechanism of polyglycylation is shown to take place in the tubulin molecule and during morphogenesis in Paramecium and Frontonia atra.
glycosylated amylin	unaltered level	amylin		Islet Amyloid Polypeptide					type 2 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		humans	plasma		10946889	These data imply, in view of many reports describing accumulation of amyloid in the pancreas, that circulating levels of amylin decrease as amyloid deposits accumulate and beta-cell function deteriorates and that the amount of glycosylated amylin in plasma is not increased in patients with type 2 diabetes.
glycosylated amylin	unaltered level	amylin		Islet Amyloid Polypeptide					impaired glucose tolerance	Glucose Intolerance		humans	plasma		10946889	These data imply, in view of many reports describing accumulation of amyloid in the pancreas, that circulating levels of amylin decrease as amyloid deposits accumulate and beta-cell function deteriorates and that the amount of glycosylated amylin in plasma is not increased in patients with type 2 diabetes.
N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	breast cancer			Humans	epithelial		8620429	Human epithelial mucins are heterogeneously glycosylated proteins associated with breast and ovarian cancer.
N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	ovarian cancer			Humans	epithelial		8620429	Human epithelial mucins are heterogeneously glycosylated proteins associated with breast and ovarian cancer.
glycosylation	altered level								glioblastoma multiforme	Glioblastoma|Brain Neoplasms		Humans	tumor cells		9444787	Glycosylation in glioblastoma multiforme cells reflected unspecific changes in tumor cells regardless of any relationship to p53 expression.
N-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	soluble TNF receptor type 1		Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I					cytotoxicity	Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic		Humans	urine	Urine	8590318	N- and O-glycosylation studies indicated that (1) the 29-31 kD recombinant form as well as the 31-33 kD urinary form are N-glycosylated; (2) the differences between the 29-31 and 31-33 kD recombinant and natural products are mainly related to differences in the N-linked sugar content; and (3) the 48 kD sTNF-R1 isolated from urine also contains O-linked sugars.
O-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	soluble TNF receptor type 1		Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I					cytotoxicity	Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic		Humans	urine	Urine	8590318	N- and O-glycosylation studies indicated that (1) the 29-31 kD recombinant form as well as the 31-33 kD urinary form are N-glycosylated; (2) the differences between the 29-31 and 31-33 kD recombinant and natural products are mainly related to differences in the N-linked sugar content; and (3) the 48 kD sTNF-R1 isolated from urine also contains O-linked sugars.
glycosylation inhibiting factor (GIF)	acquisition of structure	T-cell receptor alpha chain		Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta					T-cell related conditions			Mice	T-cell hybridoma	Hybridomas	8692970	Upon stimulation with anti-CD3, suppressor T-cell (Ts) hybridomas and homologous transfectants of T-cell receptor a (TCRalpha) cDNA in the T-cell hybridoma formed a 55-kDa TCRalpha chain derivative that bound both the monoclonal anti-TCRalpha chain and polyclonal antibodies against glycosylation inhibiting factor (GIF).
C-III0b/C-III1	increased ratio	Apolipoprotein C-III	APOC3	Apolipoprotein C-III|APOC3 protein, human				risk	Peripheral artery disease	Peripheral Arterial Disease		Humans	plasma		38823352	Higher baseline C-III0b/C-III1 and lower baseline C-III2/C-III1 were associated with slower decline in ABI (follow-up adjusted for baseline) over time, independently of cardiometabolic risk factors, and plasma triglycerides and HDL cholesterol levels (estimated difference per 1 SD was 0.31 % for both, p < 0.01).
C-III2/C-III1	decreased ratio	Apolipoprotein C-III	APOC3	Apolipoprotein C-III|APOC3 protein, human				risk	Peripheral artery disease	Peripheral Arterial Disease		Humans	plasma		38823352	Higher baseline C-III0b/C-III1 and lower baseline C-III2/C-III1 were associated with slower decline in ABI (follow-up adjusted for baseline) over time, independently of cardiometabolic risk factors, and plasma triglycerides and HDL cholesterol levels (estimated difference per 1 SD was 0.31 % for both, p < 0.01).
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure								tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate		human	tumor cells		23507965	This simple interaction is sufficient to explain the ability of the receptor to bind to tumor-cell glycans bearing Tn and sialyl-Tn antigens, but not to more elaborate O-linked glycans that predominate on normal cells.
sialyl-Tn antigen	acquisition of structure								tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate		human	tumor cells		23507965	This simple interaction is sufficient to explain the ability of the receptor to bind to tumor-cell glycans bearing Tn and sialyl-Tn antigens, but not to more elaborate O-linked glycans that predominate on normal cells.
ConA positive IgG glycoform	increased level	anti-TF specific IgG		Immunoglobulin G				prognostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Human	serum		19860583	High level of anti-TF IgG ConA reactivity was associated with a significantly lower survival rate of patients with gastric cancer.
ConA positive IgG glycoform	unaltered level	anti-alphaGal specific IgG		Immunoglobulin G					gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Human	serum		19860583	No correlation between the ConA reactivity of anti-TF IgG and anti-alphaGal IgG was observed.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	CD43|CD45		Leukosialin|Leukocyte Common Antigens					Acute T-Cell Leukemia	Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma		Human	Jurkat leukemia cell line	Jurkat Cells	30582698	MGL is known to recognize terminal N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), such as the Tn antigen, which is commonly found on malignant cells.
galactose β1-4 N-acetylglucosamine	increased level	Transferrin Receptor		Receptors, Transferrin					severe preeclampsia	Pre-Eclampsia		Humans	placentas	Placenta	30854239	Lectin blot analysis pointed out an overexpression of galactose β1-4 N-acetylglucosamine (Gal-GlcNAc) and mannose in severe preeclampsia.
mannose	increased level	Transferrin Receptor		Receptors, Transferrin					severe preeclampsia	Pre-Eclampsia		Humans	placentas	Placenta	30854239	Lectin blot analysis pointed out an overexpression of galactose β1-4 N-acetylglucosamine (Gal-GlcNAc) and mannose in severe preeclampsia.
glycans with a terminal β-Galactose	unaltered level								Norovirus infection	Norovirus		Humans	gastrointestinal tract	Humans	31118252	In this study, we provide solid phenotypic and structural evidence indicating that this new GBS recognizes a group of glycans with a common terminal β-galactose (β-Gal).
glycated CD59	increased level	CD59		CD59 protein, human				diagnostic	diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		human	blood		23670858	GCD59 (a) was significantly higher in individuals with than in individual without diabetes, (b) was independently associated with HbA1c, and (c) identified individuals with diabetes with high specificity and sensitivity.
glycan forms of fPSA	altered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic|monitoring	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	serum		38498504	The glycoprofiling of fPSA and ZA2G was performed in human serum samples obtained from men undergoing a prostate biopsy after an elevated serum PSA, and prostate cancer patients with or without prior therapy.
glycan forms of fPSA	altered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	benign serum PSA elevation			human	serum		38498504	Moreover, the analysis of a subset of serum samples (n = 215) revealed that the GIA test (AUC = 0.81) outperformed the PHI (Prostate Health Index) test (AUC = 0.69) in discriminating between men with prostate cancer and those with benign serum PSA elevation.
MUC1 glycoforms	unaltered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					autoimmune diseases			human	medullary thymic epithelial cells		17440107	Using a panel of anti-MUC1 monoclonal antibodies recognizing different post-translational modifications, i.e., glycoforms of MUC1, we show that only fully glycosylated forms of MUC1 and the differentiation-dependent glycoforms were detected on mTECs, but not the cancer-associated glycoforms.
MUC1 glycoforms	loss of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					cancer			human	medullary thymic epithelial cells		17440107	Using a panel of anti-MUC1 monoclonal antibodies recognizing different post-translational modifications, i.e., glycoforms of MUC1, we show that only fully glycosylated forms of MUC1 and the differentiation-dependent glycoforms were detected on mTECs, but not the cancer-associated glycoforms.
N-linked glycans	unaltered level	Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human								Humans	JAR cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	7530195	It also was shown that the composition of N-linked glycans of hCG-p beta 1 did not change protein folding, since hCG-beta substrates with high mannose oligosacharides folded as efficiently as beta-substrates containing sialylated complex oligosaccharides.
glycosylation	unaltered level	Carcinoembryonic Antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen					tumors		immunotherapy	Humans	HT29, a human colon carcinoma cell line	Humans|Cell Line, Tumor	16388317	It seems that the C-terminal truncation does not affect CEA glycosylation in HT29 cells.
CA19-9	altered level			CA-19-9 Antigen				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms	surgical resection	Humans	serum		9458099	The Le and Se genotypes of 168 patients with colorectal cancer were also examined, and the CA19-9 and DU-PAN-2 values were measured before surgical resection.
DU-PAN-2	altered level			DU-PAN-2 antigen, human				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms	surgical resection	Humans	serum		9458099	The Le and Se genotypes of 168 patients with colorectal cancer were also examined, and the CA19-9 and DU-PAN-2 values were measured before surgical resection.
glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored glycoprotein	increased level	CD109		CD109 protein, human	furin		Furin		squamous cell carcinomas of the lung			human	keratinocytes		20101215	CD109 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored glycoprotein, whose expression is upregulated in squamous cell carcinomas of the lung, esophagus, uterus and oral cavity.
glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored glycoprotein	increased level	CD109		CD109 protein, human	furin		Furin		squamous cell carcinomas of the esophagus			human	keratinocytes		20101215	CD109 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored glycoprotein, whose expression is upregulated in squamous cell carcinomas of the lung, esophagus, uterus and oral cavity.
glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored glycoprotein	increased level	CD109		CD109 protein, human	furin		Furin		squamous cell carcinomas of the uterus			human	keratinocytes		20101215	CD109 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored glycoprotein, whose expression is upregulated in squamous cell carcinomas of the lung, esophagus, uterus and oral cavity.
glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored glycoprotein	increased level	CD109		CD109 protein, human	furin		Furin		squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity			human	keratinocytes		20101215	CD109 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored glycoprotein, whose expression is upregulated in squamous cell carcinomas of the lung, esophagus, uterus and oral cavity.
serum glycans	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		23307043	There was a clear increase in overall expression of serum glycans, especially highly-branched glycans with fucose moieties, in pancreatic cancer.
tri-antennary complex type glycan (m/z 3195)	increased level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		23307043	Among these 15 glycans, a tri-antennary complex type glycan (m/z 3195) showed the highest area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC = 0.799) for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.
ratio of pairs of glycans (m/z 3195/1914)	increased ratio							prognostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		23307043	The ratio of pairs of glycans on the same path of the biosynthesis pathway (m/z 3195/1914) was found to be significantly higher in pancreatic cancer than in HLT (median = 1.11 and 0.41, respectively; p < 0.0001, AUROC = 0.831).
di-sialylated glycans	increased level	ApoC-III|A1AT		Glycoproteins|Glycopeptides				predictive	diabetic hemodialysis	Diabetes Mellitus|Renal Dialysis		Humans	HDL	Lipoproteins, HDL	28287093	HDL from HD patients were enriched in SAA, LBP, ApoC-III, di-sialylated ApoC-III (ApoC-III2) and desialylated A2HSG.
mono-sialylated ApoC-III	decreased level	ApoC-III		Glycoproteins|Glycopeptides				predictive	diabetic hemodialysis	Diabetes Mellitus|Renal Dialysis		Humans	HDL	Lipoproteins, HDL	28287093	HDL that increased IL-6 secretion were enriched in ApoC-III, di-sialylated glycans at multiple A1AT glycosylation sites and desialylated A2HSG, and depleted in mono-sialylated ApoC-III (ApoC-III1).
desialylated A2HSG	increased level	A2HSG		Glycoproteins|Glycopeptides				predictive	diabetic hemodialysis	Diabetes Mellitus|Renal Dialysis		Humans	HDL	Lipoproteins, HDL	28287093	HDL from HD patients were enriched in SAA, LBP, ApoC-III, di-sialylated ApoC-III (ApoC-III2) and desialylated A2HSG.
sialylation	decreased level	SAA		Glycoproteins|Glycopeptides				predictive	infectious hospitalization	Infections		Humans	HDL	Lipoproteins, HDL	28287093	Subgroup analysis on HD patients who experienced an infectious hospitalization event within 60 days (HD+) (n = 12), vs. those with no event (HD-) (n = 12) showed that HDL from HD+ patients were enriched in SAA but had lower levels of sialylation across glycoproteins.
site-specific N-glycans	altered level	apolipoprotein D						diagnostic	multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis		Humans	serum		34132764	We furthered demonstrated that site-specific N-glycans on APOD on site 98, CO8B on sites 243 and 553 are potential markers to differentiate MS from NMOSD with an area under receiver operating curve value > 0.75.
site-specific N-glycans	altered level	complement components 8b						diagnostic	multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis		Humans	serum		34132764	We furthered demonstrated that site-specific N-glycans on APOD on site 98, CO8B on sites 243 and 553 are potential markers to differentiate MS from NMOSD with an area under receiver operating curve value > 0.75.
site-specific N-glycans	altered level	apolipoprotein D						diagnostic	neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder	Neuromyelitis Optica		Humans	serum		34132764	We furthered demonstrated that site-specific N-glycans on APOD on site 98, CO8B on sites 243 and 553 are potential markers to differentiate MS from NMOSD with an area under receiver operating curve value > 0.75.
site-specific N-glycans	altered level	complement components 8b						diagnostic	neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder	Neuromyelitis Optica		Humans	serum		34132764	We furthered demonstrated that site-specific N-glycans on APOD on site 98, CO8B on sites 243 and 553 are potential markers to differentiate MS from NMOSD with an area under receiver operating curve value > 0.75.
capsular polysaccharides	loss of structure								absence of capsule expression			Porphyromonas gingivalis			16369001	Sequence analysis of the capsule locus in strain 381 (K(-) strain) demonstrated synteny with the W83 locus but also significant differences including replacement of PG0109-PG0110 with three unique open reading frames, deletion of PG0112-PG0114, and an internal termination codon within PG0106, each of which could contribute to the absence of capsule expression in this strain.
T antigen	increased level								pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal		Humans	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells		33253272	The T antigen, Tn antigen, sialyl Lewis X (sLeX) antigen, and sLeX on core 2 O-glycan were more highly expressed in PDAC cells than in normal pancreatic duct epithelial cells (NPDEs).
Tn antigen	increased level								pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal		Humans	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells		33253272	The T antigen, Tn antigen, sialyl Lewis X (sLeX) antigen, and sLeX on core 2 O-glycan were more highly expressed in PDAC cells than in normal pancreatic duct epithelial cells (NPDEs).
sialyl Lewis X (sLeX) antigen	increased level								pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal		Humans	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells		33253272	The T antigen, Tn antigen, sialyl Lewis X (sLeX) antigen, and sLeX on core 2 O-glycan were more highly expressed in PDAC cells than in normal pancreatic duct epithelial cells (NPDEs).
sialyl Lewis X on core 2 O-glycan	increased level								pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal		Humans	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells		33253272	The T antigen, Tn antigen, sialyl Lewis X (sLeX) antigen, and sLeX on core 2 O-glycan were more highly expressed in PDAC cells than in normal pancreatic duct epithelial cells (NPDEs).
6-sulfo N-acetyllactosamine on extended core 1 O-glycan	decreased level								pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal		Humans	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells		33253272	Conversely, the expression of 6-sulfo N-acetyllactosamine on extended core 1 O-glycan was found in NPDEs and was low in PDAC cells.
aberrantly glycosylated IgA1	altered level	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A					IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA					30181292	Receptor-induced long-distance conformational transitions have important implications for the interaction of aberrantly glycosylated IgA1 with anti-glycan autoantibodies in IgA nephropathy.
N-linked oligosaccharides	unaltered level	CD52		CD52 protein, human								Human	Spleen	Spleen	7890742	Both species were found to contain similar N-linked oligosaccharides and glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor glycans.
glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor glycans	unaltered level	CD52		CD52 protein, human								Human	Spleen	Spleen	7890742	Both species were found to contain similar N-linked oligosaccharides and glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor glycans.
glycans	undetermined							diagnostic	melanoma	Melanoma		Humans	plasma membrane		26084444	Can we use rare-earth nanocrystals to target glycans for the visualization of melanoma?
N-linked fetuin glycans	undetermined	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins											9237569	Oligosaccharide sequencing by specific enzymatic digestion of N-linked fetuin glycans using a carefully designed exoglycosidase matrix in conjunction with separation of the combined digests by high performance capillary gel electrophoresis is described.
core 1 sialyl Lewis A	increased level							diagnostic	stomach cancers			Humans	sera		26641888	the level of C1SLA was significantly higher in samples of stages II-IV stomach cancers (P = 0.0036) as well as pancreatic cancers (P < 0.0001) compared to that of normal controls
core 1 sialyl Lewis A	increased level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancers			Humans	sera		26641888	the level of C1SLA was significantly higher in samples of stages II-IV stomach cancers (P = 0.0036) as well as pancreatic cancers (P < 0.0001) compared to that of normal controls
CA 19-9 antigen	unaltered level	Apolipoprotein B-100|kininogen|ARVCF|Apolipoprotein E		|Carrier Proteins|Carrier Proteins|Carrier Proteins				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	blood		21751362	Nearly, 10-25% of the subjects showed elevations of the antigen on each protein, but the elevations were not associated with disease state or total CA 19-9 levels.
CA 19-9 antigen	unaltered level	Apolipoprotein B-100|kininogen|ARVCF|Apolipoprotein E		|Carrier Proteins|Carrier Proteins|Carrier Proteins				diagnostic	pancreatitis	Pancreatitis		Humans	blood		21751362	Nearly, 10-25% of the subjects showed elevations of the antigen on each protein, but the elevations were not associated with disease state or total CA 19-9 levels.
O-glycans	unaltered level	Muc5B		MUC5B protein, human|Mucin-5B								Human	salivary mucin	Mucin-5B|Mucins	11969192	O-Linked glycans from a range of glycoproteins of increasing complexity, namely, bovine serum fetuin, glycophorin A, and previously uncharacterized glycopeptides isolated from human salivary mucin Muc5B, were also analyzed.
Thomsen-Friedenreich-antigen	increased level	neo-glycoproteins		Glycoproteins	BgaC/Glu233Gly		beta-Galactosidase	diagnostic	cancer			human	cancer cell types		32367478	The Thomsen-Friedenreich-antigen, Gal(β1-3)GalNAc(α1-O-Ser/Thr (TF-antigen), is presented on the surface of most human cancer cell types.
Thomsen-Friedenreich-antigen	increased level	neo-glycoproteins		Glycoproteins	BgaC/Glu233Gly		beta-Galactosidase	prognostic	cancer metastasis			human	epithelial tissue		32367478	Its interaction with galectin 1 and galectin 3 leads to tumor cell aggregation and promotes cancer metastasis and T-cell apoptosis in epithelial tissue.
sialoglycans	undetermined								cancer						18484736	In particular, sialoglycans, which have sialic acids at their terminal end, are likely to have relevance to diseases such as cancer and inflammation.
sialoglycans	undetermined								inflammation						18484736	In particular, sialoglycans, which have sialic acids at their terminal end, are likely to have relevance to diseases such as cancer and inflammation.
α2-6 linked sialic acid on N-glycans	decreased level	cell membrane glycoproteins		Membrane Glycoproteins	β-galactoside α2-6 sialyltransferase	ST6Gal	Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human		resistance to desoxyepothilone B			human	T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (CEM) cells	Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma|Cell Line, Tumor	21859949	Resistant CEM/dEpoB cells had a significant decrease of α2-6 linked sialic acid on N-glycans.
sialylated N-glycan	altered level				St6gal1		ST6GAL1 protein, human		Hepatitis B virus	Hepatitis B virus		Humans	HepAD38 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	30057317	Previously, we found that HBV replication in HepAD38 altered cell-surface sialylated N-glycan through the upregulation of St6gal1, Mgat2, and Mgat4a expression.
sialylated N-glycan	altered level				Mgat2				Hepatitis B virus	Hepatitis B virus		Humans	HepAD38 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	30057317	Previously, we found that HBV replication in HepAD38 altered cell-surface sialylated N-glycan through the upregulation of St6gal1, Mgat2, and Mgat4a expression.
sialylated N-glycan	altered level				Mgat4a				Hepatitis B virus	Hepatitis B virus		Humans	HepAD38 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	30057317	Previously, we found that HBV replication in HepAD38 altered cell-surface sialylated N-glycan through the upregulation of St6gal1, Mgat2, and Mgat4a expression.
truncated O-linked glycans	increased level							diagnostic	glioblastoma	Glioblastoma		Humans|Mice	tumor tissues		32019882	We detected increased expression of both tumor-associated truncated O-linked glycans and their receptor, macrophage galactose-type lectin (MGL), on CD163+ TAMs in glioblastoma patient-derived tumor tissues.
oxidized low density lipoprotein	altered level			Lipoproteins, LDL					diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus		human	endothelial progenitor cells	Endothelial Cells	16339764	Adverse metabolic factors, including oxidized small and dense low density lipoprotein (ox-dmLDL) can contribute to the reduced number and the impaired functions of circulating endothelial progenitors (EPC) in diabetic patients.
glycosylation	unaltered level	RTXM83		Biosimilar Pharmaceuticals				safety	Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma		Rituximab biosimilar	Humans		Humans	30927214	RTXM83 is similar to the reference product in all critical quality attributes.
carbohydrate-induced conformational tumour-epitope on mucin-1 (MUC1)	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic|response	tumour		immunotherapies	human	tumour cells	Cell Line, Tumor	16485130	Recently, we described a new carbohydrate-induced conformational tumour-epitope on mucin-1 (MUC1) with the potential for improvement of immunotherapies [29, 30].
GSL-glycan	altered level							diagnostic	chondrogenic differentiation			Human	iPS-MSC-derived chondrocytes	Chondrocytes	33271874	We found that GSL-glycan profiles differed among cell types, and that the GSL-glycome underwent a characteristic alteration during the process of chondrogenic differentiation.
GSL-glycan	unaltered level							diagnostic	normal human cartilage	Cartilage		Human	normal human cartilage	Cartilage	33271874	Furthermore, we analyzed the GSL-glycome of normal human cartilage and found that it was quite similar to that of iPS-MSC-CDs.
Hex5HexNAc4NeuAc1dHex1	altered level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	urine		27065039	The PSA glycoform, Hex5HexNAc4NeuAc1dHex1, and monosialylated, sialylated, and unfucosylated glycoforms differed significantly between the prostate cancer and BPH samples.
monosialylated	altered level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	urine		27065039	The PSA glycoform, Hex5HexNAc4NeuAc1dHex1, and monosialylated, sialylated, and unfucosylated glycoforms differed significantly between the prostate cancer and BPH samples.
sialylated	altered level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	urine		27065039	The PSA glycoform, Hex5HexNAc4NeuAc1dHex1, and monosialylated, sialylated, and unfucosylated glycoforms differed significantly between the prostate cancer and BPH samples.
unfucosylated	altered level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	urine		27065039	The PSA glycoform, Hex5HexNAc4NeuAc1dHex1, and monosialylated, sialylated, and unfucosylated glycoforms differed significantly between the prostate cancer and BPH samples.
mannosylation-6 phosphate	undetermined	cystatin F		CST7 protein, human					malignant tumors	Biomarkers, Tumor		human	hematopoietic cells		15212960	A member of the type II secreted cystatin family, cystatin F, has been identified through different gene array experiments to be specifically expressed in hematopoietic cells as well as to be associated with several malignant tumors, suggesting a role in immunity or cancer progression.
N-linked glycan	decreased level	IgM-alpha	mb-1	Cd79a protein, mouse								mouse	B cell	Mice	1880417	The results indicate that the apparent m.w. as well as isoelectric point differences are primarily due to differential N-linked glycosylation.
N-linked glycan	increased level	IgD-alpha	mb-1	Cd79a protein, mouse								mouse	B cell	Mice	1880417	The results indicate that the apparent m.w. as well as isoelectric point differences are primarily due to differential N-linked glycosylation.
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol	unaltered level	decay accelerating factor (DAF)|human growth hormone (hGH)-DAF fusion protein		CD55 Antigens|Recombinant Fusion Proteins								Humans	COS cells	Humans	7511608	Using decay accelerating factor (DAF), we provide evidence that failure to cleave the GPI signal totally prevents O-glycosylation, suggesting that the uncleaved polypeptides are not transported into the cis-Golgi complex.
N-glycans	altered level							prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms	curative surgery	Humans	tumor tissues		30738496	The associations between colorectal cancer (CRC) progression and changes in N-glycan expression suggest the potential for new biomarkers and targeted cancer therapies.
N-glycans	altered level							prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms	curative surgery	Humans	adjacent non-tumor tissues		30738496	This study was performed to analyze N-glycans and to compare their expression profiles in tumor and corresponding adjacent non-tumor (control) tissues in stage I and IV CRC patients to examine N-glycans as potential prognostic markers.
glycosylation	altered level							prognostic|predictive	osteosarcoma	Osteosarcoma	immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)	Humans		Humans	39369757	Aberrant glycosylation is close involvement in osteosarcoma.
glycosylation	altered level							prognostic|predictive	osteosarcoma	Osteosarcoma	MEK inhibitor PD0325901	Humans		Humans	39369757	Aberrant glycosylation is close involvement in osteosarcoma.
O-GlcNAcylation	increased level	hnRNP-K		Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein K				prognostic	cholangiocarcinoma	Cholangiocarcinoma		Humans	bile duct cancer	Bile Duct Neoplasms	30444036	Associations between O-GlcNAcylation, shorter survival of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) patients, and increased migration/invasion of CCA cell lines have been reported.
glycosylation	unaltered level	glutamate carboxypeptidase II		Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II					neuronal damage		inhibition of GCPII	Drosophila	Schneider's cells	Drosophila	11905994	The glycosylation of rhGCPII was found indispensable for the enzymatic activity.
bisecting N-acetylglucosamine	increased level				N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-III		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,4-mannosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		hepatocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		human	hepatoma cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	11768033	Normal liver cells and primary adult hepatocytes are characterized by a very low level of GlcNAc-transferase-III activity, whereas human hepatoma cells exhibited high activities.
Lex	increased level								colon carcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		human	colon carcinoma cell lines	Humans	9072776	The changes observed include increased expression of Lewis blood group family antigens, particularly Lex, sialyl Lex and sialyl Lexa.
sialyl Lex	increased level								colon carcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		human	colon carcinoma cell lines	Humans	9072776	The changes observed include increased expression of Lewis blood group family antigens, particularly Lex, sialyl Lex and sialyl Lexa.
sialyl Lexa	increased level								colon carcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		human	colon carcinoma cell lines	Humans	9072776	The changes observed include increased expression of Lewis blood group family antigens, particularly Lex, sialyl Lex and sialyl Lexa.
O-glycosylation	altered level							prognostic	lung adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma of Lung|Lung Neoplasms		Humans	dormant tumor cells		39273449	Aberrant expression of genes involved in protein O-glycosylation was detected in dormant cells, suggesting a crucial role for O-glycosylation in maintaining the dormant state.
O-GlcNAcylation	acquisition of structure	RAD18		RAD18 protein, human					DNA damage	DNA Damage	chemotherapeutic treatment	Humans			38719812	Here, we report that human RAD18, can undergo O-GlcNAcylation at Ser130/Ser164/Thr468, which is important for optimal RAD18 accumulation at DNA damage sites.
N-linked glycosylation	unaltered level	DC-SIGN		DC-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin											22292921	Confocal imaging and fluorescence recovery after photobleaching measurements showed that the cytoplasmic domain and the N-linked glycosylation site do not affect the ability of DC-SIGN to form stable microdomains.
CRD	loss of structure	DC-SIGN		DC-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin											22292921	However, truncation of the CRD results in complete loss of visible microdomains and subsequent lateral diffusion of the mutants.
heparan sulfate	decreased level	proteoglycans		Proteoglycans	heparanase		heparanase	diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms		human	tumor cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	21505696	Heparanase degrades heparan sulfate (HS) chains on proteoglycans; elevated levels of heparanase expression correlate with tumour cell metastatic potential and vascularity, and reduced post-operative survival of cancer patients.
glycosylated HCG	undetermined	Chorionic Gonadotropin		Chorionic Gonadotropin|Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human					Down Syndrome	Down Syndrome		Humans		Humans	16391341	
sialylated epitope	altered level	carcinoembryonic antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen				diagnostic	superficial bladder tumors	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	tumor cells		8631032	Monoclonal antibody (mAb) 19A211 identifies a superficial bladder cancer-associated sialylated epitope expressed on a heterogeneous group of glycoproteins.
N-linked glycosylation	decreased level	thrombin receptor		Receptors, Thrombin					T-lymphoblastoid cells			Humans	T lymphoid cells	T-Lymphocytes	7832797	Surface expression of the thrombin receptor, as assessed by immunofluorescence staining using two different antibodies, was strongly decreased in the presence of tunicamycin.
N-linked carbohydrate	altered level	Mb-1		Cd79a protein, mouse								mouse	B cell	B-Lymphocytes	8144961	Mb-1/Ig-alpha, a signal transduction molecule, is known to be glycosylated in a distinct manner when associated with IgD compared to when associated with other isotypes.
fucosylated L1 cell adhesion molecule	acquisition of structure	L1 cell adhesion molecule		Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1	fucosyltransferase 4	FUT4	FUT4 protein, human|Fucosyltransferases	prognostic	melanoma	Melanoma		human	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	38326303	Global phosphoproteomic and fucoproteomic profiling, coupled with in vitro and in vivo functional validation, further reveal that AR-induced FUT4 fucosylates L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAM), which is required for FUT4-increased metastatic capacity.
HIV-1(SF-2) gp120	loss of structure	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	T-cell		9499113	We also show that nonglycosylated HIV-1(SF-2) gp120 or sodium metaperiodate-treated oligomeric gp160 from HIV-1(451) bound much more readily to CXCR4 than their counterparts with intact carbohydrate residues did.
oligomeric gp160	loss of structure	HIV Envelope Protein gp160		HIV Envelope Protein gp160					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	T-cell		9499113	We also show that nonglycosylated HIV-1(SF-2) gp120 or sodium metaperiodate-treated oligomeric gp160 from HIV-1(451) bound much more readily to CXCR4 than their counterparts with intact carbohydrate residues did.
glycosylation	undetermined	vOX2		Viral Proteins					Kaposi's sarcoma	Herpesvirus 8, Human					25463607	Kaposi׳s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) vOX2 is a cell surface glycoprotein expressed during viral lytic replication to suppress host inflammatory reactions.
glycosylated sEng	increased level	Endoglin		ENG protein, human|Endoglin					preeclampsia	Pre-Eclampsia		human	placenta	Placenta	17956952	Enhanced expressions of Eng and Flt-1, as well as glycosylated Eng and Flt-1, were observed in PE placentas.
glycosylated sFlt-1	increased level	Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1		FLT1 protein, human|Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1					preeclampsia	Pre-Eclampsia		human	placenta	Placenta	17956952	Enhanced expressions of Eng and Flt-1, as well as glycosylated Eng and Flt-1, were observed in PE placentas.
glycosylation	loss of structure	Membrane Cofactor Protein		Membrane Cofactor Protein					C activation	Complement Activation		human	spermatozoa	Spermatozoa	1538128	In contrast to MCP of other cells, digestion with endoglycosidases did not alter either the m.w. or the pI of the protein, suggesting that it is a poorly or nonglycosylated form of MCP.
glycosylation	loss of structure	IgG		Immunoglobulin G					Fc gamma RI-mediated functional activity			Humans	B-cell lines		1828055	These data suggest that glycosylation of IgG is required for CH2 domain interactions with both Fc gamma RI and Fc gamma RIII, but not for CH3 domain interactions with Fc gamma RIII.
glycosylation	loss of structure	IgG		Immunoglobulin G					Fc gamma RIII-mediated binding and lysis			Humans	B-cell lines		1828055	These data suggest that glycosylation of IgG is required for CH2 domain interactions with both Fc gamma RI and Fc gamma RIII, but not for CH3 domain interactions with Fc gamma RIII.
N-glycosylation	altered level	APOH		Glycoproteins				diagnostic|prognostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum	Serum	39182988	Secreted N-glycoprotein APOH was up-regulated, and transmembrane and intracellular N-glycoproteins including OSMR, GAT2, CSF-1 and MAGI3 were down-regulated.
N-glycosylation	altered level	OSMR|GAT2|CSF-1|MAGI3		Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins				diagnostic|prognostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	tissue	tissue	39182988	Secreted N-glycoprotein APOH was up-regulated, and transmembrane and intracellular N-glycoproteins including OSMR, GAT2, CSF-1 and MAGI3 were down-regulated.
glycosylated Her2 peptide	altered level	Her2		ERBB2 protein, human|Receptor, ErbB-2				diagnostic|prognostic	SKBR3 carcinoma			human	SKBR3 carcinoma cells		33116268	Antibodies generated in this manner to peptides in the dimerization loop of Her2 are also functional as demonstrated by the growth inhibition of Her2 expressing SKBR3 carcinoma cells.
MUC-1	altered level	Mucin-1		Mucin-1					epithelial cancers	Neoplasms		Humans	breast cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	14506182	The mucin MUC-1 was chosen as an antigen because it is abundantly expressed on epithelial cancers in an aberrantly glycosylated form, making it structurally and antigenically distinct from MUC-1 expressed on normal cells.
MUC1 glycopeptides	unaltered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	vaccine	human	serum		20726594	As proof-of-concept, we have demonstrated that MUC1 glycopeptides could be assembled and used to detect autoantibodies in vaccine-induced disease-free breast cancer patients and in patients with confirmed disease at time of diagnosis.
glycosylation	unaltered level	oestrogen-induced protein		estrogen-induced uterine creatine kinase, rat					prolactin-secreting pituitary tumours	Pituitary Neoplasms	long-term oestrogenization with oestradiol benzoate	rat	pituitary cells	Pituitary Gland, Anterior	8373518	Furthermore, a system for glycan detection, adsorption to Concanavalin A or incubation with endoglycosidase F also failed to show a clear amount of glycosylation of the oestrogen-induced protein.
Lewis(x)	decreased level	neural cell adhesion molecule 1		Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules	fucosyltransferase 9	FUT9	FUT9 protein, human|Fucosyltransferases		impaired neurite outgrowth			human	NT2N neurons		23000574	Downregulation of FUT9 caused significant decreases in the levels of Lewis(x), as well as GAP-43, a marker of neurite outgrowth.
Lewis(x)	increased level	neural cell adhesion molecule 1		Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules	fucosyltransferase 9	FUT9	FUT9 protein, human|Fucosyltransferases		neurite outgrowth			human	NT2N neurons		23000574	Accordingly, increased levels of the corresponding carbohydrate epitopes have been observed.
N-glycans	altered level	ribonuclease B		Ribonucleases					cancer				blood serum		17685584	Structural isomers of N-glycans derived from a blood serum sample of a cancer patient were also analyzed to demonstrate that clinically relevant, complex samples could be separated on-chip with efficiencies similar to those derived from model glycoproteins.
N-glycans	altered level	asialofetuin		asialofetuin					cancer				blood serum		17685584	Structural isomers of N-glycans derived from a blood serum sample of a cancer patient were also analyzed to demonstrate that clinically relevant, complex samples could be separated on-chip with efficiencies similar to those derived from model glycoproteins.
sialyl moiety	acquisition of structure	immunoglobulins		Antigens, CD	β-galactoside α-2,6-sialyltransferase I	ST6GAL1	Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human|beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase	response	inflammatory			human	therapeutic immunoglobulins	Antigens, CD	23999306	Complete sialylation of therapeutic immunoglobulins is essential for their anti-inflammatory activity and protein stability, but is difficult to achieve in vitro owing to the limited activity of ST6Gal-I towards some galactose acceptors.
N-glycans	undetermined							diagnostic	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum exosomes	Exosomes	31720594	Here, for the first time, the N-glycome of human serum exosomes is reported and the potential of N-glycans from exosomes as a source for biomarker discovery is revealed.
N-glycans	undetermined							diagnostic	Liver Neoplasms	Liver Neoplasms		Humans	serum exosomes	Exosomes	31720594	Here, for the first time, the N-glycome of human serum exosomes is reported and the potential of N-glycans from exosomes as a source for biomarker discovery is revealed.
trisaccharide glycan	acquisition of structure	Burkholderia glycoprotein		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	Burkholderia-associated infections	Burkholderia Infections		Burkholderia	serum		33509023	Our results indicate that protein O-glycosylation in Burkholderia can be exploited as a biomarker for diagnosis of Burkholderia-associated infections.
core 2 O-glycan	altered level	CD43		Leukosialin|Spn protein, mouse	core 2 glycosyltransferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase		thymic selection			mouse	thymocytes	Thymus Gland	8781428	These data suggest that core 2 glycosyltransferase (C2GnT) modulated expression of CD43 glycoforms may be involved in thymic selection events.
high-mannosylation	increased level	serum						diagnostic|predictive	Ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		38281033	It was observed that the initiation and development of OC was associated with increased high-mannosylationand agalactosylation, concurrently with decreased total sialylation of serum, each of which gained at least moderately accurate merits.
agalactosylation	increased level	serum						diagnostic|predictive	Ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		38281033	It was observed that the initiation and development of OC was associated with increased high-mannosylationand agalactosylation, concurrently with decreased total sialylation of serum, each of which gained at least moderately accurate merits.
total sialylation	decreased level	serum						diagnostic|predictive	Ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		38281033	It was observed that the initiation and development of OC was associated with increased high-mannosylationand agalactosylation, concurrently with decreased total sialylation of serum, each of which gained at least moderately accurate merits.
intact glycans	altered level								Cestode Infections	Cestode Infections		mouse	myeloid suppressor cells	Myeloid Cells	16179033	To understand early events related to immune modulation during cestode infection, we have examined the role of intact glycans of antigens from Taenia crassiceps in the recruitment of innate cells.
sialic acid	loss of structure														20309892	Terminal sialic acid loss was negligible at 55 degrees C during the derivatization process, and indicating that the kinetics of labeling at 55 degrees C was faster than the loss of sialic acid from the glycan.
multibranched complex-type N-glycans	acquisition of structure	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G	glycosyltransferases				HER2 positive cancer		anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies	Humans	Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments	Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments	34192331	In this study, IgGs with multibranched N-glycans on the Fc region were prepared by using a combination of the glycosynthase/oxazoline substrate-based N-glycan remodeling technique and successive reactions with glycosyltransferases.
sTRA	increased level							prognostic	pancreatic adenocarcinoma	Pancreatic Neoplasms	surgery	Humans	tumor tissue	Cell Line, Tumor	28642461	The sTRA glycan was significantly elevated in tumor tissue relative to adjacent pancreatic tissue in 3 separate tissue microarrays covering 38 patients.
CA19-9	increased level			carbohydrate antigen 199, human				prognostic	pancreatic adenocarcinoma	Pancreatic Neoplasms	surgery	Humans	tumor tissue	Cell Line, Tumor	28642461	Patients with higher dual-staining of CA19-9 and sTRA had statistically longer time-to-progression after surgery.
branched Neu5Acα2-3(6-O-sulfo)Galβ1-4GlcNAc (6'-Su-SLacNAc) epitope	acquisition of structure	Siglec-3	CD33	Sialic Acid Binding Immunoglobulin-like Lectins	CHST1				late-onset Alzheimer's disease			Humans	HEK293 Cells	HEK293 Cells	33893239	In particular, the branched Neu5Acα2-3(6-O-sulfo)Galβ1-4GlcNAc (6'-Su-SLacNAc) epitope was discovered as the binding epitope for Siglec-3 (CD33) implicated in late-onset Alzheimer's disease.
N-glycan	altered level	ErbB3		Receptor, ErbB-3					tumor	Neoplasms		Mice	athymic mice	Mice	18036567	The N418Q mutant of ErbB3 co-expressed with ErbB2 promoted downstream signaling, anchorage-independent cell growth and the tumor growth in athymic mice.
N-Linked glycans	unaltered level	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins								bovine			11803540	N-Linked glycans released from bovine fetuin were used to demonstrate the applicability of ANTS derivatization followed by CE/MS for the analysis of negatively charged glycans.
sialyl-Lewis(x)	unaltered level	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1		P-selectin ligand protein					adhesion phenotype				leukocytes		11566773	The mature molecule is decorated with multiple N- and O-linked glycans and displays copies of the tetrasaccharide sialyl-Lewis(x) (sLe(X)), as well as a cluster of three tyrosine sulfate (tyr-SO(3)) groups near the N-terminus of the processed protein.
sialyl-Lewis(x)	unaltered level	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1		P-selectin ligand protein					rolling adhesion	Cell Adhesion			leukocytes		11566773	Although all peptides expressing sLe(X), tyr-SO(3), or both supported some form of rolling adhesion on P-selectin, only peptides expressing sLe(X) groups showed rolling adhesion on E-selectin.
hybrid glycans	increased level							monitoring	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		33287410	We observed increases in hybrid, oligomannose, and biantennary digalactosylated monosialylated glycans (M5A1G1S1, M8, and A2G2S1), bisecting glycans (A2B, A2(6)BG1) and monoantennary glycans (A1), and decreases in triantennary trigalactosylated trisialylated glycans with and without core fucose (A3G3S3 and FA3G3S3) with PCa progression from indolent through significant and aggressive disease.
oligomannose glycans	increased level							monitoring	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		33287410	We observed increases in hybrid, oligomannose, and biantennary digalactosylated monosialylated glycans (M5A1G1S1, M8, and A2G2S1), bisecting glycans (A2B, A2(6)BG1) and monoantennary glycans (A1), and decreases in triantennary trigalactosylated trisialylated glycans with and without core fucose (A3G3S3 and FA3G3S3) with PCa progression from indolent through significant and aggressive disease.
biantennary digalactosylated monosialylated glycans	increased level							monitoring	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		33287410	We observed increases in hybrid, oligomannose, and biantennary digalactosylated monosialylated glycans (M5A1G1S1, M8, and A2G2S1), bisecting glycans (A2B, A2(6)BG1) and monoantennary glycans (A1), and decreases in triantennary trigalactosylated trisialylated glycans with and without core fucose (A3G3S3 and FA3G3S3) with PCa progression from indolent through significant and aggressive disease.
bisecting glycans	increased level							monitoring	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		33287410	We observed increases in hybrid, oligomannose, and biantennary digalactosylated monosialylated glycans (M5A1G1S1, M8, and A2G2S1), bisecting glycans (A2B, A2(6)BG1) and monoantennary glycans (A1), and decreases in triantennary trigalactosylated trisialylated glycans with and without core fucose (A3G3S3 and FA3G3S3) with PCa progression from indolent through significant and aggressive disease.
monoantennary glycans	increased level							monitoring	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		33287410	We observed increases in hybrid, oligomannose, and biantennary digalactosylated monosialylated glycans (M5A1G1S1, M8, and A2G2S1), bisecting glycans (A2B, A2(6)BG1) and monoantennary glycans (A1), and decreases in triantennary trigalactosylated trisialylated glycans with and without core fucose (A3G3S3 and FA3G3S3) with PCa progression from indolent through significant and aggressive disease.
triantennary trigalactosylated trisialylated glycans	decreased level							monitoring	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		33287410	We observed increases in hybrid, oligomannose, and biantennary digalactosylated monosialylated glycans (M5A1G1S1, M8, and A2G2S1), bisecting glycans (A2B, A2(6)BG1) and monoantennary glycans (A1), and decreases in triantennary trigalactosylated trisialylated glycans with and without core fucose (A3G3S3 and FA3G3S3) with PCa progression from indolent through significant and aggressive disease.
triantennary trigalactosylated trisialylated glycans with core fucose	decreased level							monitoring	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		33287410	We observed increases in hybrid, oligomannose, and biantennary digalactosylated monosialylated glycans (M5A1G1S1, M8, and A2G2S1), bisecting glycans (A2B, A2(6)BG1) and monoantennary glycans (A1), and decreases in triantennary trigalactosylated trisialylated glycans with and without core fucose (A3G3S3 and FA3G3S3) with PCa progression from indolent through significant and aggressive disease.
SiaTn	altered level							diagnostic|predictive	high-grade serous ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	blood plasma		27764122	AGA to seven glycans that significantly (P<0.05) differentiated between HGSOC and control were identified: AGA to top candidates SiaTn and 6-OSulfo-TF (both IgM) differentiated comparably to CA125.
6-OSulfo-TF	altered level							diagnostic|predictive	high-grade serous ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	blood plasma		27764122	AGA to seven glycans that significantly (P<0.05) differentiated between HGSOC and control were identified: AGA to top candidates SiaTn and 6-OSulfo-TF (both IgM) differentiated comparably to CA125.
6-OSulfo-LN	altered level							diagnostic	high-grade serous ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	blood plasma		27764122	The area under the curve (AUC) of a panel of AGA to 5 glycans (SiaTn, 6-OSulfo-TF, 6-OSulfo-LN, SiaLea, and GM2) (0.878) was comparable to CA125 (0.864), but it markedly increased (0.985) when combined with CA125.
SiaLea	altered level							diagnostic	high-grade serous ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	blood plasma		27764122	The area under the curve (AUC) of a panel of AGA to 5 glycans (SiaTn, 6-OSulfo-TF, 6-OSulfo-LN, SiaLea, and GM2) (0.878) was comparable to CA125 (0.864), but it markedly increased (0.985) when combined with CA125.
GM2	altered level							diagnostic	high-grade serous ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	blood plasma		27764122	The area under the curve (AUC) of a panel of AGA to 5 glycans (SiaTn, 6-OSulfo-TF, 6-OSulfo-LN, SiaLea, and GM2) (0.878) was comparable to CA125 (0.864), but it markedly increased (0.985) when combined with CA125.
alpha2,3-linked sialic acids	acquisition of structure	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Human	serum		17956937	The results suggest that identification of alpha2,3-linked sialic acids on PSA potentially discriminates malignant from benign conditions, if the analysis is applied to oligosaccharides specifically attached to the N-glycosylation site of PSA in either a free or a complexed form in the serum.
MUC1 glycoforms	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	carcinoma cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8617281	A highly immunogenic peptide motif within the tandem repeat domain of MUC1 mucin is assumed to be exposed during development of breast cancer due to altered O-glycosylation.
sialylated trisaccharides NeuAc alpha 2-3Gal Beta 1-3GalNAc or NeuAc alpha 2-6(Gal beta l-3)GalNAc	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1					breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	carcinoma cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8617281	Structural chemistry of MUC1 oligosaccharides demonstrated that the cancer-associated glycoforms carry mainly sialylated trisaccharides NeuAc alpha 2-3Gal Beta 1-3GalNAc or NeuAc alpha 2-6(Gal beta l-3)GalNAc, exhibit a concomitant decrease in the ratio of GlcNAc/GalNAc, a reduction or disappearance of L-fucose, and a partial substitution of N-acetylneuraminic acid by the N-glycolylated variant.
N-glycans	altered level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinomas						18955373	As novel applications, the method was employed for the analysis of N-glycans derived from monoclonal antibody pharmaceuticals and also from alpha-fetoprotein; the latter is known as one of the tumor markers of hepatocellular carcinomas.
N-linked glycan	acquisition of structure	ICAM-1		Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1					rhinovirus recognition			human	ICAM receptors	Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1	15545280	The absence of this motif in human ICAM-1 exposes regions used in receptor dimerization and rhinovirus recognition.
high mannose glycans	acquisition of structure	ICAM-1 mutants							lectin binding activity			human	ICAM receptors	Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1	15545280	High mannose glycans were absent in ICAM-1, which did not bind to the lectin, but they appeared in ICAM-1 mutants with additional N-linked glycosylation and lectin binding activity.
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic|prognostic	human disease			Humans	sera		29392831	Analysis of N-glycans released enzymatically from patients' sera or other clinical samples may provide diagnostically and prognostically important information on human disease.
bifucosylated tetra-antennary glycan	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic|predictive	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	serum		24807840	A unique pattern of bifucosylated tetra-antennary glycan, with both core and antennary fucosylation, was identified in HCC patients.
bifucosylated tetra-antennary glycan	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic|predictive	liver cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		human	serum		24807840	The elevated bifucosylation degree of haptoglobin can discriminate early stage HCC patients from cirrhosis in each etiologic category, which may be used to provide a potential marker for early detection and to predict HCC in patients with cirrhosis.
Tn antigen	decreased level	Syndecan-3		SDC3 protein, human|Sdc3 protein, mouse|Syndecan-3	UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 13, human		UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 13, human|UDP-N-acetyl-alpha-D-galactosamine polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 13, mouse		neuroblastoma			mouse	cerebellum	Cerebellar Cortex	12407114	Immunohistochemical study showed a remarkable decrease in Tn antigen expression in the cerebellum of the pp-GalNAc-T13 knockout mouse.
Lewis A epitope	acquisition of structure	erythropoietin		Erythropoietin	galactosyltransferase|fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases|Galactosyltransferases					Physcomitrella patens	moss	Bryopsida	22621344	The terminal trisaccharide consisting of α1,4 fucose and β1,3 galactose linked to N-acetylglucosamine forms the so-called Lewis A epitope.
Lewis A epitope	loss of structure	erythropoietin		Erythropoietin	galactosyltransferase|fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases|Galactosyltransferases					Physcomitrella patens	moss	Bryopsida	22621344	Via gene targeting of moss galactosyltransferase and fucosyltransferase genes, we identified the gene responsible for terminal glycosylation and were able to completely abolish the formation of Lewis A residues on the recombinant biopharmaceutical.
N-glycome	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	various physiological and pathological conditions				saliva	Saliva	37058166	It is no surprise that the N-glycome of IgG from plasma has already been proposed as a biomarker for various physiological and pathological conditions.
N-linked oligosaccharides	undetermined	IgG monoclonal antibodies		Immunoglobulin G								Human			8900951	Capillary electrophoresis and laser-induced fluorescence detection have been used to fingerprint the 2-aminoacridone derivatives of complex glycans released from bovine fetuin and human IgG monoclonal antibodies.
O-linked oligosaccharides	undetermined	IgG monoclonal antibodies		Immunoglobulin G								Human			8900951	Capillary electrophoresis and laser-induced fluorescence detection have been used to fingerprint the 2-aminoacridone derivatives of complex glycans released from bovine fetuin and human IgG monoclonal antibodies.
sialic acid residues	undetermined	IgG monoclonal antibodies		Immunoglobulin G								Human			8900951	The utility of this method in distinguishing between N- and O-linked oligosaccharides and in determining the presence of sialic acid residues in glycan mixtures at an early stage of analysis has been demonstrated.
sialic acid	undetermined								cancer			vertebrates	leukocytes		38050649	Siglecs are involved in several diseases, such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
sialic acid	undetermined								neurodegenerative diseases			vertebrates	leukocytes		38050649	Siglecs are involved in several diseases, such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases.
sialosides	altered level				bacterial sialidases		Neuraminidase		bacterial pathogenesis	Bacteria		mammalian	cell-surface	Cell Membrane	34590826	More specifically, we show that editing cell-surface sialic acid-containing glycans (sialosides) with bioorthogonal chemical reporters can significantly affect the activity of bacterial sialidases, enzymes expressed by bacteria during pathogenesis for cleaving sialic acid sugars from mammalian cell-surface glycans.
glycan	altered level								tumorigenesis	Biomarkers, Tumor			tissue specimens	Tissue Array Analysis	20816479	It is evident that cells show drastic change during cell progression and differentiation associated with tumorigenesis and malformation.
glycan moieties	altered level				glycosyltransferases		Glycosyltransferases					Drosophila	Golgi apparatus	Golgi Apparatus	22251795	While trafficking through the Golgi, proteins are sequentially modified with glycan moieties by different glycosyltransferases.
branched N-glycans	increased level								differentiation and maturation			human	dendritic cells|macrophages	Dendritic Cells|Macrophages	19533340	These changes might potentially enforce the capacity of differentiated cells to synthesize branched N-glycans and mucin-type O-glycans and to remodel cell surface proteoglycans.
mucin-type O-glycans	increased level								differentiation and maturation			human	dendritic cells|macrophages	Dendritic Cells|Macrophages	19533340	These changes might potentially enforce the capacity of differentiated cells to synthesize branched N-glycans and mucin-type O-glycans and to remodel cell surface proteoglycans.
high-mannose glycans	increased level	gp150		gp140 envelope protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1				response	HIV Infections	HIV Infections	BMS-626529	rhesus macaques	tier 2 pseudoviruses		32817216	In rhesus macaques, BMS-529 complexed to CD4 bs-targeting ch.SOSIP immunogen induced stronger neutralization against tier 2 pseudoviruses bearing high-mannose glycans than noncomplexed ch.SOSIP trimer immunogen.
high-mannose glycans	increased level	gp150		gp140 envelope protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1				response	HIV Infections	HIV Infections	BMS-626529	rabbits	tier 2 pseudoviruses		32817216	In rabbits, BMS-529-complexed V3 glycan-targeting ch.SOSIP immunogen induced in the majority of immunized animals higher neutralization titers against both autologous and select high mannose-bearing heterologous tier 2 pseudoviruses than those immunized with the noncomplexed ch.SOSIP.
glycan structures	undetermined							diagnostic	carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa			Pseudomonas aeruginosa	bacterial cell surface		37861315	In this study, we applied lectin microarray technology and a machine-learning model to screen for important glycan structures associated with carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa.
glycan score	altered level							diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	blood		29995966	Hemolysis, however, negatively correlated with an established glycan score for ovarian cancer, when evaluated by MALDI-TOF-MS measurement by affecting relative intensities of certain glycans, which could lead to false negative / positive results in glycan biomarker studies.
α2,6-sialylated glycan	altered level	Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1		Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1					endothelial cell apoptosis	Apoptosis			Endothelial Cell	Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells	25135639	Moreover, the addition of the α2,6-sialylated oligosaccharide to endothelial cells enhanced the internalization of PECAM as well as the sensitivity to apoptotic stimuli.
sialyl Tn	unaltered level								cancer			Humans	Tumor Cells, Cultured	Tumor Cells, Cultured	32501471	Based on binding assays with lung and breast cancer cell lines and glycan-modified cells, we failed to see evidence for recognition of sTn by Siglec-15.
sialylated glycans other than sTn	increased level								cancer			Humans	Tumor Cells, Cultured	Tumor Cells, Cultured	32501471	we show that Siglec-15 binds with higher avidity to sialylated glycans other than sTn or related antigen sequences.
collagen-derived advanced glycation end-products (AGEs)	increased level								painful diseases			Human	dorsal root ganglion (DRG)		35053363	Increased collagen-derived advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are consistently related to painful diseases, including osteoarthritis, diabetic neuropathy, and neurodegenerative disorders.
collagen-derived advanced glycation end-products (AGEs)	increased level								osteoarthritis			Human	dorsal root ganglion (DRG)		35053363	Increased collagen-derived advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are consistently related to painful diseases, including osteoarthritis, diabetic neuropathy, and neurodegenerative disorders.
collagen-derived advanced glycation end-products (AGEs)	increased level								diabetic neuropathy			Human	dorsal root ganglion (DRG)		35053363	Increased collagen-derived advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are consistently related to painful diseases, including osteoarthritis, diabetic neuropathy, and neurodegenerative disorders.
collagen-derived advanced glycation end-products (AGEs)	increased level								neurodegenerative disorders			Human	dorsal root ganglion (DRG)		35053363	Increased collagen-derived advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are consistently related to painful diseases, including osteoarthritis, diabetic neuropathy, and neurodegenerative disorders.
N-linked glycosylation	loss of structure	MD-2		LY96 protein, human|Lymphocyte Antigen 96					loss of LPS-induced activation			Human	HeLa cells	Humans|Cell Line	11706042	The double mutant of MD-2 failed to support LPS-induced activation of an interleukin-8 (IL-8) promoter-driven luciferase reporter to induce IL-8 secretion or to activate amino-terminal c-Jun kinase (JNK).
N-linked glycosylation	loss of structure	TLR4		TLR4 protein, human|Toll-Like Receptor 4					loss of LPS-induced activation			Human	HeLa cells	Humans|Cell Line	11706042	Similar results were observed with TLR4 mutants lacking three or more N-linked glycosylation sites.
N-linked complex sugar chain	acquisition of structure	c-erbB-3 protein	ERBB3	Receptor, ErbB-3					Breast Neoplasms	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	cancer cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	11369513	We expressed the truncated receptor fragment and showed that it was glycosylated, probably with a single N-linked complex sugar chain, and that the protein was a 58-kDa disulphide-linked dimer.
N-linked complex sugar chain	acquisition of structure	c-erbB-3 protein	ERBB3	Receptor, ErbB-3					Liver Neoplasms	Liver Neoplasms		Humans	cancer cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	11369513	We expressed the truncated receptor fragment and showed that it was glycosylated, probably with a single N-linked complex sugar chain, and that the protein was a 58-kDa disulphide-linked dimer.
N-linked complex sugar chain	acquisition of structure	c-erbB-3 protein	ERBB3	Receptor, ErbB-3					Ovarian Neoplasms	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	cancer cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	11369513	We expressed the truncated receptor fragment and showed that it was glycosylated, probably with a single N-linked complex sugar chain, and that the protein was a 58-kDa disulphide-linked dimer.
N-linked complex sugar chain	acquisition of structure	c-erbB-3 protein	ERBB3	Receptor, ErbB-3					Prostatic Neoplasms	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	cancer cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	11369513	We expressed the truncated receptor fragment and showed that it was glycosylated, probably with a single N-linked complex sugar chain, and that the protein was a 58-kDa disulphide-linked dimer.
N-linked complex sugar chain	acquisition of structure	c-erbB-3 protein	ERBB3	Receptor, ErbB-3					Stomach Neoplasms	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	cancer cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	11369513	We expressed the truncated receptor fragment and showed that it was glycosylated, probably with a single N-linked complex sugar chain, and that the protein was a 58-kDa disulphide-linked dimer.
O-glycans	loss of structure								colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Human	cancer tissue		7734850	The changes correlate with previous findings of a loss of O-glycans in cancer mucins, but did not always correlate with levels of Tn, sialyl-Tn, T and Lex antigens in homogenates or with the differentiation status and Duke's stages of the cancer tissue or the patient's blood type, sex and age.
sialyl-Tn antigen	decreased level				CMP-sialic acid: GalNAc-peptide alpha 6-sialyltransferase		Sialyltransferases		colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Human	cancer tissue		7734850	UDP-GlcNAc: Gal NAc-R beta 3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (where GlcNAc is N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and GalNAc is N-acetyl-D-galactosamine) synthesizing O-glycan core 3, GlcNAc beta 1-3GalNAc-, CMP-sialic acid: GalNAc-peptide alpha 6-sialyltransferase synthesizing the sialyl-Tn antigen and sulphotransferase activities towards O-glycan core 1, Gal beta 1-3GalNAc-, were found to be decreased in cancer.
I antigen	loss of structure				UDP-GlcNAc: Gal beta 1-3GalNAc beta 6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Human	cancer tissue		7734850	UDP-GlcNAc: Gal beta 1-3GalNAc beta 6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase was also decreased in cancer concomitant with a loss of the ability to synthesize the I antigen and core 4, GlcNAc beta 1-6(GlcNAc beta 1-3) GalNAc-.
blood group H determinant	increased level				GDP-fucose: Gal beta-R alpha 2-fucosyltransferase				colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Human	cancer tissue		7734850	CMP-sialic acid: Gal beta 1-3GalNAc-R alpha 3-sialyltransferase and GDP-fucose: Gal beta-R alpha 2-fucosyltransferase, synthesizing the blood group H determinant, were found to be 4- and 3- to 8-fold increased, respectively, in cancer compared to normal tissue.
N-glycosylation (NxS or NxT) motifs	undetermined	CD3varepsilon chains		CD3 Complex|CD3E protein, human								human	blood T lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	19616027	Interestingly, CD3varepsilon chains from 7 out of 27 species studied have putative N-glycosylation (NxS or NxT) motifs in their Ig extracellular domain.
MUC1	unaltered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	anaplastic large cell lymphoma	Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse		Humans	tumour cells	Leukocytes, Mononuclear	11729213	MUC1 is preferentially expressed by a subtype of systemic nodal ALCL, characterised by ALK expression, but is found in only a few cases of classic HD and ALK negative ALCL.
MUC1	unaltered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	Hodgkin's disease	Hodgkin Disease		Humans	tumour cells	Leukocytes, Mononuclear	11729213	MUC1 is preferentially expressed by a subtype of systemic nodal ALCL, characterised by ALK expression, but is found in only a few cases of classic HD and ALK negative ALCL.
α2,3-sialylated isomers	acquisition of structure	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	aggressive types of cancer			Humans	urine		29502397	In this study, we established for the first time a high-performance PSA Glycomics Assay (PGA), allowing differentiation of α2,6- and α2,3-sialylated isomers, the latter one being suggested to be a hallmark of aggressive types of cancer.
antenna modification	unaltered level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	urine		29502397	Recent studies on the molecular features of PSA glycosylation (such as antenna modification and core fucosylation) were not successful in demonstrating its potential for an improved PCa diagnosis, probably due to the lack of analytical sensitivity and specificity of the applied assays.
core fucosylation	unaltered level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	urine		29502397	Recent studies on the molecular features of PSA glycosylation (such as antenna modification and core fucosylation) were not successful in demonstrating its potential for an improved PCa diagnosis, probably due to the lack of analytical sensitivity and specificity of the applied assays.
O-linked sialylated T-antigen [Neu5Ac(alpha2-3)-Gal(beta1-3)-GalNAcalpha1]	unaltered level	Muc1		Mucin-1				risk	bacterial invasion			Bos taurus	mammary epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	19762846	The protein was highly glycosylated, primarily with O-linked sialylated T-antigen [Neu5Ac(alpha2-3)-Gal(beta1-3)-GalNAcalpha1] and, to a lesser extent, with N-linked oligosaccharides, which together accounted for approximately 60% of the apparent mass of Muc1.
N-linked oligosaccharides	altered level	C33 antigen		Membrane Glycoproteins					human T cell leukemia virus type 1-induced transformation	Human T-lymphotropic virus 1		human	CD4+ T cells	T-Lymphocytes	1401919	PHA stimulation also induced the dramatic size changes in the N-linked sugars previously shown to accompany human T cell leukemia virus type 1-induced transformation of CD4+ T cells.
glycated albumin	decreased level							risk	diabetic kidney diseases	Diabetic Nephropathies	caffeic acid and ellagic acid	mice	kidney	Kidney	19885845	CA or EA at 5% significantly decreased the levels of plasma HbA1c, urinary glycated albumin, renal carboxymethyllysine, pentosidine, sorbitol and fructose (p<0.05), and significantly diminished renal activity of aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase, as well as suppressed renal aldose reductase mRNA expression (p<0.05).
sialoglycans	increased level	sialoglycoproteins		Sialoglycoproteins					neural stem and progenitor cells			Humans	neural stem and progenitor cells	Stem Cells	29756626	Using an in vitro coculture system of primary NSCs combined with metabolic labeling of sialoglycans with bioorthogonal functional groups, we selectively enriched and identified a list of cell-surface sialoglycoproteins that were more abundantly expressed in neural stem and progenitor cells.
core 2 o-glycans	undetermined	human choriogonadotropin		Chorionic Gonadotropin				diagnostic	Down Syndrome	Down Syndrome		human	pregnancy	Pregnancy	12850278	Measurements of human choriogonadotropin (hCG) isoforms containing core 2 o-glycans may be useful for diagnosis of Down Syndrome pregnancies and trophoblastic disease.
core 2 o-glycans	undetermined	human choriogonadotropin		Chorionic Gonadotropin				diagnostic	trophoblastic disease	Trophoblastic Neoplasms		human	pregnancy	Pregnancy	12850278	Measurements of human choriogonadotropin (hCG) isoforms containing core 2 o-glycans may be useful for diagnosis of Down Syndrome pregnancies and trophoblastic disease.
N-glycosylation	decreased level	Immunoglobulin M		Immunoglobulin M					diffuse large B cell lymphoma	Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse		human	HBL-2 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	15069543	Reduction in the expression of N-linked oligosaccharides, including L-PHA reactive oligosaccharides, on the cell surface by SW treatment resulted in enhancement of HBL-2 cell survival by CD40L stimulation.
galactosylation	increased level				galactosyltransferases		Galactosyltransferases					Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron	HT29-MTX cells	HT29 Cells	11298652	Our results show that a B. thetaiotaomicron soluble factor modified specifically the galactosylation pattern of HT29-MTX cells, whereas other glycosylation steps remained mainly unaffected.
O-linked glycan	decreased level	CD2		Membrane Glycoproteins					T-cell activation			Human	Jurkat T-cells	Jurkat Cells	11672588	Pretreatment of Jurkat E6.1 cells with 1-deoxymannojirimycin (dMJ), an inhibitor of cis-Golgi alpha-mannosidase I, strongly reduced cell binding of ML IB-FITC and the ML IB induced calcium response.
heparin	altered level	Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1		Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1								mouse	L-cells	L Cells	7559536	In this assay, full-length muPECAM-1 and all three isoforms containing exon 14 behaved like human PECAM-1 in that they mediated calcium- and heparin-dependent heterophilic aggregation.
TA-MUC1	unaltered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				prognostic	cervical cancer	Uterine Cervical Neoplasms	Gatipotuzumab	Humans	cervical cancer tissue	Uterine Cervical Neoplasms	30062487	TA-MUC1 as stained by Gatipotuzumab was detected in 188 (75.2%) out of the 250 cervical cancer cases investigated.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1				response	adenocarcinomas		immunization	MUC1 transgenic mice	dendritic cells	Dendritic Cells	19426130	In contrast, when glycosylated with tumor-associated Tn antigen (GalNAc-O-S/T), TnMUC1 induces glycopeptide-specific T cell and antibody responses in both strains of mice and helps enhance responses to MUC1p in MUC1 transgenic mice.
glycosylated endosialin	unaltered level	endosialin		CD248 protein, human				prognostic|response	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms	IgG78	human	cancer-associated fibroblasts	Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts	32591411	In this study, we found that endosialin is mainly expressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) in HCC and its expression inversely correlates with patient prognosis.
Lewis Y	undetermined								tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate|Biomarkers, Tumor		mice	B cells		35282679	Using synthetic haptens, glycoproteins, and whole cells, we obtained germline antibodies to an assortment of clinically important tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens, including Lewis Y, the Tn antigen, sialyl Lewis C, and Lewis X (CD15/SSEA-1).
Tn antigen	undetermined								tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate|Biomarkers, Tumor		mice	B cells		35282679	Using synthetic haptens, glycoproteins, and whole cells, we obtained germline antibodies to an assortment of clinically important tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens, including Lewis Y, the Tn antigen, sialyl Lewis C, and Lewis X (CD15/SSEA-1).
sialyl Lewis C	undetermined								tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate|Biomarkers, Tumor		mice	B cells		35282679	Using synthetic haptens, glycoproteins, and whole cells, we obtained germline antibodies to an assortment of clinically important tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens, including Lewis Y, the Tn antigen, sialyl Lewis C, and Lewis X (CD15/SSEA-1).
Lewis X (CD15/SSEA-1)	undetermined								tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate|Biomarkers, Tumor		mice	B cells		35282679	Using synthetic haptens, glycoproteins, and whole cells, we obtained germline antibodies to an assortment of clinically important tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens, including Lewis Y, the Tn antigen, sialyl Lewis C, and Lewis X (CD15/SSEA-1).
L2/HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope	undetermined	P0		Myelin P0 Protein					neural cell adhesion			human	PNS myelin	Myelin Sheath	1371154	P0 is known to contain a glycoform population that expresses the L2/HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope found on other neural adhesion molecules, and to be functionally implicated centrally in neural cell adhesion and neurite outgrowth.
N-glycan	unaltered level							diagnostic	inflammatory bowel disease	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases		Humans	serum	Blood Specimen Collection	25831126	There was small intra-individual variation in serum N-glycan profiles from samples collected using different sample processing methods.
triantennary N-linked glycans with galactose on a bisecting GlcNAc	acquisition of structure	immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				monitoring				human	serum		18327885	Negative ion tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) spectra of three isomeric triantennary N-linked glycans provided clear differentiation between the isomers and confirmed the occurrence of an isomer that was substituted with galactose on a bisecting GlcNAc (1 --> 4-substituted on the core mannose) residue recently reported by Takegawa et al. from N-glycans released from human immunoglobulin G (IgG).
bisected hybrid-type glycans with galactose modification	acquisition of structure	19A						monitoring				human	embryonic kidney cell line		18327885	In addition, we demonstrate the biosynthesis of bisected hybrid-type glycans with the galactose modification, with and without core fucose, on the stem cell marker glycoprotein, 19A, expressed in a partially ricin-resistant human embryonic kidney cell line.
blood group A trisaccharide	increased level							predictive	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms	PROSTVAC-VF	human	serum		23362327	Prevaccination antibody levels to blood group A trisaccharide (BG-Atri) were found to have a statistically significant correlation with survival.
CA19-9	altered level			CA-19-9 Antigen				diagnostic	cancers						34119488	Glycans decorate the cell surface, secreted glycoproteins and glycolipids, and altered glycans are often found in cancers.
G152 glycan	altered level	CCR4|CCR7		CCR4 protein, human|CCR7 protein, human				diagnostic	atopic dermatitis	Dermatitis, Atopic		human	peripheral helper T (Th) cells	T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer	23088960	In contrast, the frequency of exacerbations was positively and negatively associated with CCR4(+)CCR7(+) memory Th cells expressing G152 and G159 glycans, respectively.
G159 glycan	altered level	CCR4|CCR7		CCR4 protein, human|CCR7 protein, human				diagnostic	atopic dermatitis	Dermatitis, Atopic		human	peripheral helper T (Th) cells	T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer	23088960	In contrast, the frequency of exacerbations was positively and negatively associated with CCR4(+)CCR7(+) memory Th cells expressing G152 and G159 glycans, respectively.
two triantennary glycans	decreased level	serum protein		Polysaccharides				diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	serum		33877489	In a case-control comparison three associations were found, namely a lower level of a two triantennary glycans and a higher level of one tetraantennary glycan in cancer patients.
one tetraantennary glycan	increased level	serum protein		Polysaccharides				diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	serum		33877489	In a case-control comparison three associations were found, namely a lower level of a two triantennary glycans and a higher level of one tetraantennary glycan in cancer patients.
polylactosamine	increased level							prognostic	HER2-positive breast cancer			human	breast cancer tissue	Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms	30592377	Additionally, a series of polylactosamine glycans are detected in advanced HER2+, TNBC, and metastatic breast cancer tissues.
polylactosamine	increased level							prognostic	triple-negative breast cancer	Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer tissue	Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms	30592377	Additionally, a series of polylactosamine glycans are detected in advanced HER2+, TNBC, and metastatic breast cancer tissues.
polylactosamine	increased level							prognostic	metastatic breast cancer	Neoplasm Metastasis		human	breast cancer tissue	Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms	30592377	Additionally, a series of polylactosamine glycans are detected in advanced HER2+, TNBC, and metastatic breast cancer tissues.
sialylated N-glycans	undetermined	erythropoietin		Erythropoietin								human	urinary		7527189	The database for structural determinations was tested using the N-linked carbohydrates released from recombinant human urinary erythropoietin (baby hamster kidney) by PNGase F treatment and from bovine serum fetuin and alpha 1-acid glycoprotein by automated and manual (large-scale) hydrazinolysis, respectively.
sialylated N-glycans	undetermined	alpha 1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid								bovine	serum		7527189	The database for structural determinations was tested using the N-linked carbohydrates released from recombinant human urinary erythropoietin (baby hamster kidney) by PNGase F treatment and from bovine serum fetuin and alpha 1-acid glycoprotein by automated and manual (large-scale) hydrazinolysis, respectively.
sialylated N-glycans	undetermined	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins								bovine	serum		7527189	The database for structural determinations was tested using the N-linked carbohydrates released from recombinant human urinary erythropoietin (baby hamster kidney) by PNGase F treatment and from bovine serum fetuin and alpha 1-acid glycoprotein by automated and manual (large-scale) hydrazinolysis, respectively.
N-glycans	undetermined	bile salt-stimulated lipase		bile salt-stimulated lipase|Sterol Esterase								human	milk	Milk, Human	10024660	The detailed structures of N- glycans derived from bile salt-stimulated lipase (BSSL) found in human milk were determined by combining exoglycosidase digestion with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
N-linked glycan	altered level	alpha-1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic|prognostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		human	plasma		21940909	Finally, the method was validated using a multiple reaction monitoring analysis, demonstrating that the newly discovered nonglycosylated tryptic peptide targets were present at different levels in normal and hepatocellular carcinoma plasmas.
advanced glycation end-products	increased level			Glycation End Products, Advanced				diagnostic	chronic haemodialysis	Kidney Failure, Chronic|Renal Dialysis		Humans	serum		14605280	We performed a cross-sectional study in 34 clinically stable chronic haemodialysis patients and in 14 healthy controls while determining serum concentrations of pentosidine, fluorescent advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) and acute phase reactants.
advanced oxidation protein products	increased level							diagnostic	chronic haemodialysis	Kidney Failure, Chronic|Renal Dialysis		Humans	serum		14605280	We performed a cross-sectional study in 34 clinically stable chronic haemodialysis patients and in 14 healthy controls while determining serum concentrations of pentosidine, fluorescent advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) and acute phase reactants.
Tn antigen	altered level	Mucins		Mucins				prognostic	Salivary Gland Neoplasms	Salivary Gland Neoplasms		Humans	Salivary Glands	Salivary Glands	10599242	An immunohistological and prognostic investigation.
glycan	undetermined								African swine fever	African Swine Fever Virus		Swine	erythrocytes	Erythrocytes	8102411	This result demonstrates that the protein encoded by EP402R is directly involved in the hemadsorption phenomenon induced by the infection of susceptible cells with African swine fever virus.
N-glycosylations	loss of structure	Dipeptidyl peptidase 4		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4|Dpp4 protein, mouse|DPP4 protein, human					Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus infection			Pig|Mouse	Cells	Cell Line	38829136	Removal of these N-glycosylations profoundly enhanced the RBD-DPP4 interaction and viral invasion, suggesting they act as shielding in PHEV infection.
β-dystroglycan	decreased level	β-dystroglycan	DAG1	Dystroglycans					renal cell carcinoma	Kidney Neoplasms		Humans	renal cancer cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	23970118	VHL-dependent changes in the form of β-dystroglycan were detected in UMRC2-/+VHL transfectants.
β-dystroglycan	decreased level	β-dystroglycan	DAG1	Dystroglycans					renal cell carcinoma	Kidney Neoplasms		Humans	kidney cortex		23970118	Analysis of normal kidney cortex and conventional RCC tissues showed that a similar change also occurred in vivo.
AβPP 115 kDa	increased level	amyloid-β protein precursor		Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor				diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	platelets	Blood Platelets	23388171	This form was significantly increased in platelets of the mild cognitive impairment and AD group as compared to control subjects.
N-glycosylated residues	undetermined	SIRPα		SIRPA protein, human					pathogen defense			Human	neutrophils	Neutrophils	22511785	Further studies confirmed that Sp-D binds to SIRPα expressed on human neutrophils and differentiated neutrophil-like cells.
hybrid/complex type glycopeptides with mannose as hexose units	increased level	ricin isoform-3		Ricin				response	cancer		immunotoxin	Ricinus communis	Vero cells	Vero Cells	21255629	The glycosylation studies by MALDI-TOF/MS showed that isoform-3 is highly glycosylated with high sugar levels containing more of hybrid/complex type glycopeptides with mannose as hexose units.
mannose	acquisition of structure	HER-2		Receptor, ErbB-2				response	HER-2 positive cancer		vaccine	Pichia Pastoris	dendritic cells	Dendritic Cells	19520203	The extensive glycosylation of HER-2 in Pichia Pastoris significantly increases its recognition and uptake by dendritic cells, which could be associated with increased vaccine performance.
agalactosylated fucosylated structures	increased level								Cohen syndrome			human	serum		24334764	The glycosylation status of CS serum proteins showed a very unusual pattern of glycosylation characterized by a significant accumulation of agalactosylated fucosylated structures as well as asialylated fucosylated structures demonstrating a major defect of glycan maturation in CS.
asialylated fucosylated structures	increased level								Cohen syndrome			human	serum		24334764	The glycosylation status of CS serum proteins showed a very unusual pattern of glycosylation characterized by a significant accumulation of agalactosylated fucosylated structures as well as asialylated fucosylated structures demonstrating a major defect of glycan maturation in CS.
Fc glycan	acquisition of structure	IgG4		Immunoglobulin G				response	B cell depletion	Lymphocyte Depletion		Mice	B-Lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes	27216702	Here, we show that both in vitro and in vivo activity of anti-CD20 IgG4 isotype antibodies is increased via afucosylation.
Fc glycan	acquisition of structure	IgG4		Immunoglobulin G				response	ADCC	Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity		Mice	B-Lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes	27216702	Here, we show that both in vitro and in vivo activity of anti-CD20 IgG4 isotype antibodies is increased via afucosylation.
GlycA	increased level	Acute-Phase Proteins		Acute-Phase Proteins				risk	cardiovascular disease	Cardiovascular Diseases		Humans			30452775	GlycA is a novel biomarker of systemic inflammation representing post-translational glycosylation of acute phase reactants and associated with increased clinical CVD risk.
glycation	increased level							diagnostic	type 2 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		human	plasma		27884659	Compared with controls, DM and DMC patients had significantly higher level of glycation adducts, erythrocyte fragility, lipid peroxidation and Glut-1 expression whereas declined levels of plasma and cellular antioxidants.
glycation	increased level							diagnostic	vascular complications	Diabetic Angiopathies		human	plasma		27884659	Compared with controls, DM and DMC patients had significantly higher level of glycation adducts, erythrocyte fragility, lipid peroxidation and Glut-1 expression whereas declined levels of plasma and cellular antioxidants.
Tn glycoform of MUC1	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1				response	adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma	CAR T cell therapy	human	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	27332733	We developed a CAR that recognized cancer-associated Tn glycoform of MUC1, a neoantigen expressed in a variety of cancers.
Tn glycoform of MUC1	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1				response	T cell leukemia		CAR T cell therapy	human	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	27332733	Anti-Tn-MUC1 CAR T cells demonstrated target-specific cytotoxicity and successfully controlled tumor growth in xenograft models of T cell leukemia and pancreatic cancer.
Tn glycoform of MUC1	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1				response	pancreatic cancer		CAR T cell therapy	human	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	27332733	Anti-Tn-MUC1 CAR T cells demonstrated target-specific cytotoxicity and successfully controlled tumor growth in xenograft models of T cell leukemia and pancreatic cancer.
glycosylation site	acquisition of structure	OC-STAMP		OC-STAMP protein, mouse					abnormal osteoclast fusion			mouse	osteoclasts	Osteoclasts	26042409	N- and C-termini of OC-STAMP were intracellular, and a predicted glycosylation site was shown to be utilized and to lie on an extracellular loop.
3-nitrotyrosine	increased level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid	Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins	15663474	In CSF protein, the concentrations of 3-nitrotyrosine, N(epsilon)-carboxymethyl-lysine, 3-deoxyglucosone-derived hydroimidazolone and N-formylkynurenine residues were increased in subjects with Alzheimer's disease.
N(epsilon)-carboxymethyl-lysine	increased level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid	Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins	15663474	In CSF protein, the concentrations of 3-nitrotyrosine, N(epsilon)-carboxymethyl-lysine, 3-deoxyglucosone-derived hydroimidazolone and N-formylkynurenine residues were increased in subjects with Alzheimer's disease.
3-deoxyglucosone-derived hydroimidazolone	increased level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid	Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins	15663474	In CSF protein, the concentrations of 3-nitrotyrosine, N(epsilon)-carboxymethyl-lysine, 3-deoxyglucosone-derived hydroimidazolone and N-formylkynurenine residues were increased in subjects with Alzheimer's disease.
N-formylkynurenine	increased level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid	Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins	15663474	In CSF protein, the concentrations of 3-nitrotyrosine, N(epsilon)-carboxymethyl-lysine, 3-deoxyglucosone-derived hydroimidazolone and N-formylkynurenine residues were increased in subjects with Alzheimer's disease.
methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone	increased level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid	Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins	15663474	In CSF ultrafiltrate, the concentrations of 3-nitrotyrosine, methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone and glyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone free adducts were also increased.
glyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone	increased level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid	Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins	15663474	In CSF ultrafiltrate, the concentrations of 3-nitrotyrosine, methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone and glyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone free adducts were also increased.
glycosylated isoforms of acetylcholinesterase	increased level	acetylcholinesterase		Acetylcholinesterase				diagnostic|monitoring	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid		12704813	Our own studies have identified glycosylated isoforms of acetylcholinesterase (Glyc-AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (Glyc-BuChE) that are increased in AD CSF.
glycosylated isoforms of butyrylcholinesterase	increased level	butyrylcholinesterase		Butyrylcholinesterase				diagnostic|monitoring	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid		12704813	Our own studies have identified glycosylated isoforms of acetylcholinesterase (Glyc-AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (Glyc-BuChE) that are increased in AD CSF.
Mac-2-Binding Protein Glycosylation Isomer (M2BPGi)	increased level	Membrane Glycoproteins		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic	liver fibrosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		39099607	We aimed to investigate the use of M2BPGi as a single or combined diagnostic modality for liver fibrosis in CHB patients through a stepwise diagnostic analysis.
Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi)	increased level							diagnostic	viral hepatitis	Hepatitis, Viral, Human		Humans	liver	Liver Cirrhosis	38625546	In patients with viral hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and primary biliary cholangitis, the median M2BPGi-Qt levels increased liver fibrosis progression.
Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi)	increased level							diagnostic	non-alcoholic fatty liver disease	Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease		Humans	liver	Liver Cirrhosis	38625546	In patients with viral hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and primary biliary cholangitis, the median M2BPGi-Qt levels increased liver fibrosis progression.
Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi)	increased level							diagnostic	primary biliary cholangitis			Humans	liver	Liver Cirrhosis	38625546	In patients with viral hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and primary biliary cholangitis, the median M2BPGi-Qt levels increased liver fibrosis progression.
Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi)	unaltered level							diagnostic	autoimmune hepatitis	Hepatitis, Autoimmune		Humans	liver	Liver Cirrhosis	38625546	Median M2BPGi-Qt levels were not associated with the degree of fibrosis in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).
glycation	increased level	ACE2		ACE2 protein, human|Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2				risk	COVID-19	COVID-19		human	cells	Humans	33254553	The worse outcome of COVID-19 in people with diabetes could be related to the non-enzymatic glycation that triggers the activity of ACE2.
glycation	increased level	ACE2		ACE2 protein, human|Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2				risk	Type-2 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		human	cells	Humans	33254553	The worse outcome of COVID-19 in people with diabetes could be related to the non-enzymatic glycation that triggers the activity of ACE2.
N-glycosylation	decreased level	DMBT1		DMBT1 protein, human					Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection	Pseudomonas aeruginosa		Human	mucosal epithelia	Humans	31511582	Therefore, DMBT1 inhibition of P. aeruginosa twitching motility involves its N-glycosylation, its pili-binding capacity is insufficient, and it cannot be conferred by the SRCR bacteria-binding peptide domain, either alone or mixed with other unlinked SRCRPs, suggesting an additional mechanism for DMBT1-mediated mucosal defense.
glycosylated gp120	altered level	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|gp120 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1					HIV			Humans			20434359	Consequently, binding of 559/64-D to gp120 affects not only the CD4-binding site, which is recognized as the epitope, but appears to have a global effect on surface exposed residues of the full-length glycosylated gp120.
glycoforms	undetermined	erythropoietin		Erythropoietin					anemia		erythropoiesis-stimulating	Humans	blood		18425752	The results obtained with the neutral LN coating suggest that an IT mass spectrometer enables identification of the main glycoforms of a complex glycoprotein such as rHuEPO.
glycoforms	undetermined	novel erythropoiesis-stimulating protein		Darbepoetin alfa					anemia		erythropoiesis-stimulating	Humans	blood		18425752	Although LN provided acceptable glycoform resolution for rHuEPO, the separation obtained for NESP was less significant due to the higher microheterogeneity of this glycoprotein.
PSP94	increased level							monitoring	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms	androgen ablation therapy	mouse	serum		16278416	Quantified serum levels of mouse PSP94 ranged from 49.84 ng/mL in wild-type mice to 113.86, 400.45, and 930.90 ng/mL in mouse prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia with microinvasion, well differentiated, moderately differentiated, and poorly differentiated prostate cancer genetically engineered prostate cancer mice, respectively (P < 0.01, n = 68).
lactamized neuraminic acid	undetermined														14667701	Systematic syntheses of lactamized neuraminic acid-containing gangliosides GM4, sulfated sialylparagloboside, and sulfated/nonsulfated sialyl Lewis X are described.
sulfated sialylparagloboside	undetermined														14667701	Systematic syntheses of lactamized neuraminic acid-containing gangliosides GM4, sulfated sialylparagloboside, and sulfated/nonsulfated sialyl Lewis X are described.
sulfated sialyl Lewis X	undetermined														14667701	Systematic syntheses of lactamized neuraminic acid-containing gangliosides GM4, sulfated sialylparagloboside, and sulfated/nonsulfated sialyl Lewis X are described.
nonsulfated sialyl Lewis X	undetermined														14667701	Systematic syntheses of lactamized neuraminic acid-containing gangliosides GM4, sulfated sialylparagloboside, and sulfated/nonsulfated sialyl Lewis X are described.
N-linked glycosylation	acquisition of structure	human APN		Membrane Glycoproteins|Receptors, Coronavirus|Receptors, Virus|CD13 Antigens					Coronavirus 229E, Human	Coronavirus 229E, Human		Humans	Cell Line	Humans|Cell Line	11559807	Substitution of pAPN amino acids 283 to 290 into hAPN for the corresponding amino acids 288 to 295 introduced an N-glycosylation sequon at amino acids 291 to 293 that blocked HCoV-229E receptor activity of hAPN.
N-linked glycosylation	loss of structure	human APN		Membrane Glycoproteins|Receptors, Coronavirus|Receptors, Virus|CD13 Antigens					Coronavirus 229E, Human	Coronavirus 229E, Human		Humans	Cell Line	Humans|Cell Line	11559807	Single amino acid revertants that removed this sequon at amino acids 291 to 293 but had one or five pAPN amino acid substitution(s) in this region all regained HCoV-229E binding and receptor activities.
N-linked glycosylation	loss of structure	human APN		Membrane Glycoproteins|Receptors, Coronavirus|Receptors, Virus|CD13 Antigens					Transmissible gastroenteritis virus|Coronavirus, Feline	Transmissible gastroenteritis virus|Coronavirus, Feline		Humans	Cell Line	Humans|Cell Line	11559807	To determine if other N-linked glycosylation differences between hAPN, feline APN (fAPN), and pAPN account for receptor specificity of pig and cat coronaviruses, a mutant hAPN protein that, like fAPN and pAPN, lacked a glycosylation sequon at 818 to 820 was studied.
Amadori albumin	increased level	Serum Albumin		Serum Albumin|Glycated Serum Albumin				diagnostic	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1		Humans	plasma		10580435	Plasma Amadori albumin levels were significantly higher in type 1 diabetic patients (n = 55) than in healthy control subjects (n = 60) (39.2+/-9.9 vs. 20.9+/-4.0 U/ml, P < 0.0005).
Amadori albumin	increased level	Serum Albumin		Serum Albumin|Glycated Serum Albumin				diagnostic	Diabetic Nephropathies	Diabetic Nephropathies		Humans	plasma		10580435	Patients with nephropathy had higher Amadori albumin levels than did those without it (50.9+/-9.5 vs. 45.1+/-6.3 U/ml, P < 0.0005).
carbohydrate-deficient transferrin	increased level	Transferrin		Transferrin|carbohydrate-deficient transferrin				diagnostic	chronic alcohol abuse	Alcoholism		Humans	sera		10481047	Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) has been established as a valuable biological marker for detecting chronic alcohol abuse.
glycosylation	altered level	neutral endopeptidase		Neprilysin					kidney disease			dog	glomeruli	Kidney Glomerulus	8489505	This might be due to a different glycosylation pattern, since endoglycosidase F treatment of NEP obtained from both tissues yielded deglycosylated enzymes with similar electrophoretic mobilities.
tri- or tetraantennary complex type glycans	acquisition of structure	alpha3beta1 integrin		Integrin alpha3|Integrin alpha3beta1|Integrin beta1					transitional cell cancer	Tumor Cells, Cultured		human	Hu456 cell line	Cell Line	11051207	High mannose type glycan was found only in beta1 subunit from Hu456 transitional cell cancer line.
high mannose type glycan	acquisition of structure	alpha3beta1 integrin		Integrin alpha3|Integrin alpha3beta1|Integrin beta1					invasive cancer	Tumor Cells, Cultured		human	T-24 cell line	Cell Line	11051207	On the other hand alpha3 subunit was much less glycosylated except the invasive cancer cell line T-24 where high mannose as well as sialylated tri- or tetraantennary complex type glycans were detected.
sialylated tri- or tetraantennary complex type glycans	acquisition of structure	alpha3beta1 integrin		Integrin alpha3|Integrin alpha3beta1|Integrin beta1					invasive cancer	Tumor Cells, Cultured		human	T-24 cell line	Cell Line	11051207	On the other hand alpha3 subunit was much less glycosylated except the invasive cancer cell line T-24 where high mannose as well as sialylated tri- or tetraantennary complex type glycans were detected.
N-glycosylation of Asn(88)	increased level	pancreatic ribonuclease 1		Ribonuclease, Pancreatic				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	serum		25336120	Differential studies using these antibodies in immunoassays and Western blot analyses showed a significant increase in the serum levels of pancreatic ribonuclease 1 containing N-glycosylated Asn(88) in pancreatic cancer patients compared with normal human subjects.
Sialyl Lewis a	increased level	MUC5B		MUC5B protein, human|Mucin-5B					nonsecretor status			human	saliva	Saliva	15814823	Western blot assays with antibodies confirmed increased expression of Sialyl Lewis a (Si-Le(a)) in the nonsecretors.
type 2 Lewis antigens	increased level	MUC1|MUC5AC		Mucin-1|MUC5AC protein, human|Mucin 5AC	FUT1		Fucosyltransferases		colon cancer			human	HT-29/M3 colon cancer cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	12652076	The M3-FUT1 clones obtained express high levels of type 2 Lewis antigens: H type 2 and Ley antigens.
complex oligosaccharides	loss of structure	gp160		SIV envelope glycoprotein gp160					simian immunodeficiency virus			Simian	CHO-Lec3.2.8.1 cells	CHO Cells	10944528	The ectodomain has been expressed in both insect cells and Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-Lec3.2.8.1 cells, deficient in enzymes necessary for synthesizing complex oligosaccharides.
sialyl Lewis x	increased level	GlyCAM-1		sulfated glycoprotein p50	keratan sulfate galactose-6-sulfotransferase|high endothelial cell N-acetylglucosamine-6-sulfotransferase|human GlcNAc6ST				lymphocyte homing				high endothelial venules	Venules	10510083	Analysis of GlyCAM-1 has revealed two sulfation modifications (galactose [Gal]-6-sulfate and N-acetylglucosamine [GlcNAc]-6-sulfate) of sialyl Lewis x.
glycosylation	altered level	alpha2-macroglobulin		alpha-Macroglobulins				diagnostic	systemic lupus erythematosus	Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic		human	serum		10463816	The ELISA was capable of recognizing changes of glycosylation of alpha2-M in SLE and may be useful for its differential diagnosis.
furosine	decreased level	collagen		Collagen				predictive|risk	diabetic complications		intensive treatment	Humans	skin	Skin	10102706	By comparison with conventional treatment, 5 years of intensive treatment was associated with 30-32% lower furosine, 9% lower pentosidine, 9-13% lower CML, 24% higher acid-soluble collagen, and 50% higher pepsin-soluble collagen.
pentosidine	decreased level	collagen		Collagen				predictive|risk	diabetic complications		intensive treatment	Humans	skin	Skin	10102706	By comparison with conventional treatment, 5 years of intensive treatment was associated with 30-32% lower furosine, 9% lower pentosidine, 9-13% lower CML, 24% higher acid-soluble collagen, and 50% higher pepsin-soluble collagen.
N(epsilon)-[carboxymethyl]-lysine [CML]	decreased level	collagen		Collagen				predictive|risk	diabetic complications		intensive treatment	Humans	skin	Skin	10102706	By comparison with conventional treatment, 5 years of intensive treatment was associated with 30-32% lower furosine, 9% lower pentosidine, 9-13% lower CML, 24% higher acid-soluble collagen, and 50% higher pepsin-soluble collagen.
N-glycosylation	undetermined	interleukin-6 receptor		Receptors, Interleukin-6								human	extracellular domain		10066782	Of the four potential N-glycosylation sites, carbohydrate moieties were identified on Asn36, Asn74, and Asn202, but not on Asn226.
T antigen	increased level							risk	colon carcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		rat|human	colon carcinoma cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	1399144	The rat REGb clone, which is relatively NK-sensitive, expressed higher levels of precursor structures T and Tn and lower levels of H antigenic determinants than the PROb clone, which displays higher resistance to NK-cell lysis.
Tn antigen	increased level							risk	colon carcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		rat|human	colon carcinoma cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	1399144	The rat REGb clone, which is relatively NK-sensitive, expressed higher levels of precursor structures T and Tn and lower levels of H antigenic determinants than the PROb clone, which displays higher resistance to NK-cell lysis.
H antigen	decreased level							risk	colon carcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		rat|human	colon carcinoma cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	1399144	The rat REGb clone, which is relatively NK-sensitive, expressed higher levels of precursor structures T and Tn and lower levels of H antigenic determinants than the PROb clone, which displays higher resistance to NK-cell lysis.
Lewis antigens	increased level							risk	colon carcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		rat|human	colon carcinoma cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	1399144	A significant relationship was found between the expression of Lewis antigens and increased resistance to NK-cell-mediated cytotoxicity.
glycosylated residues	acquisition of structure	PECAM1		Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1				diagnostic	cardiac disease		stem cell therapy	human	cardiac progenitor cells	Myoblasts, Cardiac	28891400	Interestingly, the two lead candidates, mAb C1096 and mAb C19, recognize glycosylated residues on PECAM1 (platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1) and GRP78, respectively, and de-N-glycosylation significantly abolishes their binding.
glycosylated residues	acquisition of structure	GRP78		Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP|HSPA5 protein, human				diagnostic	cardiac disease		stem cell therapy	human	cardiac progenitor cells	Myoblasts, Cardiac	28891400	Interestingly, the two lead candidates, mAb C1096 and mAb C19, recognize glycosylated residues on PECAM1 (platelet and endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1) and GRP78, respectively, and de-N-glycosylation significantly abolishes their binding.
O-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	MUC13B	MUC13	Mucins				diagnostic	Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli F4ac diarrhea	Diarrhea|Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli|Escherichia coli Infections		Sus scrofa	intestine	Swine	22984528	MUC13B is predicated to be heavily O-glycosylated, forming the binding site of the bacterium; while MUC13A does not have the O-glycosylation binding site.
sialyl Lewis-type oligosaccharides	altered level	Glycodelin		Glycodelin					ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	ascites fluid		18853174	Ascites Gd showed significant differences in its structure of sialyl Lewis-type oligosaccharides compared to GdA.
advanced glycosylation end product	increased level	Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products		Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products					diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		human	skin tissue	Skin	18645306	Expression of AGE and RAGE in diabetic skin tissue increased.
sialic acid	unaltered level	CD43	SPN	Leukosialin|SPN protein, human					pathologic roles			human	neutrophils	Neutrophils	7662987	Enzymatic removal of sialic acid did not facilitate CD43 cleavage by neutrophil elastase, a feature that distinguishes the action of neutrophil elastase from other proteases.
fucosylation	increased level	Secretory Component		Secretory Component					Cystic Fibrosis	Cystic Fibrosis		Humans	Sputum	Sputum	14597481	Monosaccharide composition analysis of free SC from CF subjects revealed overfucosylation and undersialylation, in agreement with the reported CF glycosylation phenotype.
sialylation	decreased level	Secretory Component		Secretory Component					Cystic Fibrosis	Cystic Fibrosis		Humans	Sputum	Sputum	14597481	Monosaccharide composition analysis of free SC from CF subjects revealed overfucosylation and undersialylation, in agreement with the reported CF glycosylation phenotype.
under-glycosylated MUC1	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1					prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	prostate tissue		12581019	BPH, prostate cancer and metastatic prostate cancer all express high levels of under-glycosylated MUC1.
under-glycosylated MUC1	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1					metastatic prostate cancer			Humans	metastatic lesions		12581019	MUC1, in an under-glycosylated form, was widely expressed in the prostate and in metastatic lesions.
under-glycosylated MUC1	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1					BPH	Prostatic Hyperplasia		Humans	prostate tissue		12581019	BPH, prostate cancer and metastatic prostate cancer all express high levels of under-glycosylated MUC1.
Sema4D-associated complexes	increased level	Sema4D		Sema4d protein, mouse					epilepsy	Epilepsy		Humans	Neocortex	Neocortex	39152101	Finally, we report an epilepsy-associated de novo mutation in Sema4D (Q497P) that inhibits normal glycosylation and plasma membrane localization of Sema4D-associated complexes.
D-gal-LPPA-1	acquisition of structure							response	MC38 tumor			mouse	tumor microenvironment	Tumor Microenvironment	38675717	In an MC38 tumor-bearing mouse model, D-gal-LPPA-1 demonstrated a significant inhibitory effect.
D-gal-LPPA-1	acquisition of structure							response	MC38 tumor			mouse	lymph nodes and spleens		38675717	Additionally, in the lymph nodes and spleens, D-gal-LPPA-1 significantly increased the proportion of CD8+ T cells secreting interferon-gamma (IFN-γ).
α-D-glucosylated eugenol	acquisition of structure				α-glucosidase			response	inflammatory diseases				cellular environment	Cell Line	23325490	Furthermore, α-EG exhibited a superior anti-inflammatory effect to its parent eugenol in a cellular environment.
glycosylation pattern	altered level	Reelin	RELN	Reelin Protein|RELN protein, human				diagnostic	rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		human	synovial fluid	Synovial Fluid	20659411	Reelin is detectable in both sinovial fluids and sera and its levels are more elevated in patients affected by RA with respect to those affected by other inflammatory and non inflammatory joint diseases.
glycosylation pattern	altered level	Reelin	RELN	Reelin Protein|RELN protein, human					psoriatic arthritis	Arthritis, Psoriatic		human	synovial fluid	Synovial Fluid	20659411	Reelin levels were evaluated in patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), spondyloarthritis (SpA) and osteoarthritis (OA).
glycosylation pattern	altered level	Reelin	RELN	Reelin Protein|RELN protein, human					spondyloarthritis	Spondylarthritis		human	synovial fluid	Synovial Fluid	20659411	Reelin levels were evaluated in patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), spondyloarthritis (SpA) and osteoarthritis (OA).
glycosylation pattern	altered level	Reelin	RELN	Reelin Protein|RELN protein, human					osteoarthritis	Osteoarthritis		human	synovial fluid	Synovial Fluid	20659411	Reelin levels were evaluated in patients affected by rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), spondyloarthritis (SpA) and osteoarthritis (OA).
sugar chain	altered level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid		18654083	Transferrin glycosylation is thus a potential biological marker for AD diagnosis, and changes in this glycosylation may play an important role in the pathophysiology of AD.
N-glycosylation	unaltered level	CD14		Lipopolysaccharide Receptors								Swine	liver|spleen|thymus|white matter|skeletal muscle		17440807	A highly conserved structure of the CD14 protein with respect to the leucine-rich repeats domain and the N-glycosylation sites was observed between species.
Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3	altered level				7S nerve growth factor protein, human		7S nerve growth factor protein, human		cell growth, development, and repair in the brain and other tissues			Humans	brain and other tissues	Humans	8770886	This synergistic action between NGF and IGF may have important implications on cell growth, development, and repair in the brain and other tissues.
core fucosylation	increased level				GDP-mannose 4, 6-dehydratase|fucosyltransferase 8	Gmds|Fut8	GDPmannose 4,6-dehydratase|Glycoprotein 6-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase		cancer	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		rat	hepatocytes	Hepatocytes	27328854	Alterations in N-linked glycosylation have long been associated with cancer but for the most part, the reasons why have remained poorly understood.
core fucosylation	increased level				GDP-mannose 4, 6-dehydratase|fucosyltransferase 8	Gmds|Fut8	GDPmannose 4,6-dehydratase|Glycoprotein 6-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase		de-differentiation of primary hepatocytes	Cell Dedifferentiation		rat	hepatocytes	Hepatocytes	27328854	Here we show that increased core fucosylation is associated with de-differentiation of primary hepatocytes and with the appearance of markers indicative of a transition of cells from an epithelial to a mesenchymal state.
glycosylated ALCAM	altered level	ALCAM		ALCAM protein, human					breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	27130882	We showed that recombinant glycosylated ALCAM and endogenous ALCAM from breast carcinoma cells physically interacted with Gal-8 in a glycosylation-dependent fashion displaying a differential behavior compared to non-glycosylated ALCAM.
Glycated albumin	increased level	Serum Albumin		Serum Albumin|Glycated Serum Albumin				risk	atherosclerosis	Atherosclerosis		Humans	plasma		22658569	Increased IMT and hs-CRP levels were associated with a high GA level, especially for obese participants, suggesting that GA would be as a useful biomarker for assessing the risk of atherosclerosis.
per-glycosylated MUC1 glycopeptides	undetermined	Mucin-1		Mucin-1					cancer		cancer vaccine				21308921	Self-adjuvanting multicomponent cancer vaccine candidates combining per-glycosylated MUC1 glycopeptides and the Toll-like receptor 2 agonist Pam3CysSer.
O-glycosylated tandem repeat domain	decreased level	MUC1		Mucin-1					Breast Neoplasms	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	tumor cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	12090474	MUC1 expressed by normal cells has heavily O-glycosylated tandem repeat domain while MUC1 on malignant cells is aberrantly O-glycosylated.
Tn (GalNAc-Ser/Thr) epitope	unaltered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					Breast Neoplasms	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	tumor cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	12090474	We did not find correlation between the expression of Tn (GalNAc-Ser/Thr) epitope and the ability of tumor cells to adhere to the immobilized ECM.
glycosylation	unaltered level	bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein		bactericidal permeability increasing protein				diagnostic	inflammatory bowel disease	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases		Humans	serum		9294593	Most sera recognized nBPI, rBPI and unglycosylated rBPI equally suggesting that glycosylation has no influence on antigen recognition.
glycosylation	unaltered level	bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein		bactericidal permeability increasing protein				diagnostic	cystic fibrosis	Cystic Fibrosis		Humans	serum		9294593	Most sera recognized nBPI, rBPI and unglycosylated rBPI equally suggesting that glycosylation has no influence on antigen recognition.
	undetermined	Immunoglobulin A		Immunoglobulin A								Humans		Humans	9191373	
bisecting N-acetylglucosamine	increased level							diagnostic|predictive	Alzheimer's disease			Humans	cerebrospinal fluid		39121127	The N-glycan structure bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (bisecting GlcNAc) is present on several N-glycans that are elevated in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and previous studies have shown that bisecting GlcNAc levels correlate with total tau and phospho-tau181 in cerebrospinal fluid at early stages of AD.
bisecting N-acetylglucosamine	increased level							diagnostic|predictive	subjective cognitive decline	Cognitive Dysfunction		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid		39121127	As in our previous study, the correlation between bisecting GlcNAc and total tau or phospho-tau181 was particularly strong in the subjective cognitive decline group.
mucin-type O-glycosylation	increased level				polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 3		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases	prognostic	oral squamous cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|Mouth Neoplasms	surgically resected	human	tumor samples	Cell Line, Tumor	26296622	Therefore, we investigated the correlation between the immunohistochemical GalNAc-T3 expression and various clinicopathological characteristics and recurrence using 110 paraffin-embedded tumor samples obtained from patients with surgically resected ESOSCC (T1-2N0).
ECP97arg variants with different glycosylations	altered level	Eosinophil Cationic Protein		Eosinophil Cationic Protein					Hodgkin lymphoma	Hodgkin Disease		Humans	HDLM-2|KMH2|L428	Cell Line, Tumor|Cell Line, Tumor|Cell Line, Tumor	21679745	All tested ECP variants displayed similar activity in HDLM-2, in contrast to KMH2 and L428, which were more sensitive to less glycosylated ECP.
less glycosylated ECP	decreased level	Eosinophil Cationic Protein		Eosinophil Cationic Protein					Hodgkin lymphoma	Hodgkin Disease		Humans	KMH2|L428	Cell Line, Tumor|Cell Line, Tumor	21679745	All tested ECP variants displayed similar activity in HDLM-2, in contrast to KMH2 and L428, which were more sensitive to less glycosylated ECP.
N-glycosylation	undetermined	naegleriapores		naegleriapore A, Naegleria fowleri|naegleriapore B, Naegleria fowleri					primary amoebic meningoencephalitis			Naegleria fowleri	trophozoites		11948186	Moreover, biochemical characterization of the isolated polypeptides in combination with mass determination showed that they are N-glycosylated and variably processed at the C terminus.
N-linked glycosylation sites	altered level	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					human immunodeficiency virus type 1	HIV-1			SupT1 cells	Cell Line	1549584	The ability of HXB2-derived mutants, each having 1 of the 24 N-linked glycosylation sites mutated by site-directed mutagenesis, to infect CD4-positive SupT1 cells was compared with that of the wild-type virus.
N-glycanase-treated basigin	altered level	basigin		Basigin								mouse	kidney	Mice	2032306	Upon Western blotting, large amounts of basigin were detected in the mouse kidney as a glycoprotein bound to Ricinus communis agglutinin (RCA)-I and as a glycoprotein bound to concanavalin A; the molecular weight of the former was 38,000-43,000, and of the latter was 30,000.
RCA-I-binding glycoproteins	altered level	basigin		Basigin								mouse	liver|small intestine|spleen		2032306	Basigin of the molecular weight of 48,000 was detected in RCA-I-binding glycoproteins of the liver, small intestine and spleen.
glycosylation	altered level	GPI-anchored HRP fusion proteins		Horseradish Peroxidase								Humans	HeLa S3 cells	HeLa Cells	24671047	As a result, these different HRP-GPIs had differences in glycosylation and localization and formed distinct clusters.
saccharides	unaltered level							diagnostic	malignant tumor	Neoplasms	photodynamic therapy	mouse	4T1 mouse tumors	Mice|Neoplasms	18421385	Bile acid-porphyrin conjugates were tested for recognition of saccharides that are typically present on malignant tumor cells.
sialyl Lewis X	undetermined	PSGL-1		Sialyl Lewis X Antigen											16762328	An enzymatic one-pot three-step glycosylation strategy was developed for the synthesis of sLex moiety of truncated PSGL-1 glycopeptide with and without sulfation.
MUC1	undetermined			Mucin-1					breast cancer			Humans	ascites	Ascites	9422100	One form of mucin was the native, highly glycosylated MUC1 isolated from the ascites of breast or pancreatic cancer patients.
MUC1	undetermined			Mucin-1					pancreatic cancer			Humans	ascites	Ascites	9422100	One form of mucin was the native, highly glycosylated MUC1 isolated from the ascites of breast or pancreatic cancer patients.
N-glycosylated gp120	altered level	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1	HIV-1		insect	Sf9 cells	Spodoptera	8790377	Using a monospecific antibody to the HIV-1 gp120 natural signal peptide, we showed that calnexin associated with N-glycosylated but uncleaved gp120.
N-linked glycans	loss of structure	m157		Viral Proteins					murine cytomegalovirus infection	Herpesviridae Infections		mouse	myeloid cells|fibroblast cell lines	Myeloid Cells|Fibroblasts	20662096	Progressive loss of N-linked glycans led to a significant reduction of total cellular m157 abundance, although all variably glycosylated m157 isoforms were expressed at the cell surface and retained the capacity to activate Ly49H(B6) and Ly49I(129) reporter cells and Ly49H(+) NK cells.
O-GlcNAcylation	increased level	VE-Cadherin		Cadherins|cadherin 5					diabetic retinopathy		tauroursodeoxycholic acid	mouse	retinal endothelial	Blood-Retinal Barrier|Endothelial Cells	31346222	Increased O-GlcNAcylation, a well-known post-translational modification of proteins causally linked to various detrimental cellular functions in pathological conditions including diabetic retinopathy (DR).
N glycosylations	altered level	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					human immunodeficiency virus type 1	HIV-1		Humans		Humans	11333929	Two mutations implied N glycosylation modifications.
Sialyl Lewis x	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|predictive	rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		Humans	synovial fluid		10372970	S Le(x) expression on IgG was elevated above the reference range in all but one of the RA patients and this change was highly significant (P < 0.0006).
Sialyl Lewis x	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	osteoarthritis			Humans	synovial fluid		10372970	Expression of this antigen on IgG was also significantly different from normal in the other arthritic groups (P < 0.02), but the changes were much less than that observed for RA.
Sialyl Lewis x	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	ankylosing spondylitis			Humans	synovial fluid		10372970	Expression of this antigen on IgG was also significantly different from normal in the other arthritic groups (P < 0.02), but the changes were much less than that observed for RA.
Sialyl Lewis x	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	systemic lupus erythematosus			Humans	synovial fluid		10372970	Expression of this antigen on IgG was also significantly different from normal in the other arthritic groups (P < 0.02), but the changes were much less than that observed for RA.
N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 tandem repeat peptide|Mucin-1	polypeptide:N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases					Humans			10187769	In search of possible epigenetic regulatory mechanisms ruling the initiation of O-glycosylation by polypeptide:N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases, we studied the influences of mono- and disaccharide substituents of glycopeptide substrates on the site-specific in vitro addition of N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) residues by recombinant GalNAc-Ts (rGalNAc-T1, -T2, and -T3).
glycosylation	altered level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen					Prostatic Hyperplasia	Prostatic Hyperplasia		Humans	prostatic cells	Prostate	8685058	Isoforms of prostate-specific antigen in serum: a result of the glycosylation process in dysplastic prostatic cells?
glycosylation	altered level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen					Prostatic Neoplasms	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	prostatic cells	Prostate	8685058	Isoforms of prostate-specific antigen in serum: a result of the glycosylation process in dysplastic prostatic cells?
GalNAc	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1	UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases		Breast carcinoma	Breast Neoplasms		Human	breast carcinoma cell line T47D	Tumor Cells, Cultured	7744025	TAP25 was glycosylated using the detergent-solubilized UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases from the breast carcinoma cell line T47D, the colon carcinoma cell line HT29 and from human premature skim milk.
GalNAc	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1	UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases		Colon carcinoma			Human	colon carcinoma cell line HT29	Tumor Cells, Cultured	7744025	TAP25 was glycosylated using the detergent-solubilized UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases from the breast carcinoma cell line T47D, the colon carcinoma cell line HT29 and from human premature skim milk.
glycoprotein	undetermined	rat inhibitory protein (RIP)		Membrane Glycoproteins					lysis by the membrane attack complex of rat complement	Complement Membrane Attack Complex		rat	erythrocyte membrane	Erythrocyte Membrane	1376109	Here we report the isolation and characterization of a rat erythrocyte membrane glycoprotein of molecular mass 21 kDa which inserts into cell membranes and is a potent inhibitor of the rat MAC.
CD13 Antigens	altered level	Aminopeptidase N		CD13 Antigens					Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	Liver	Liver	1680856	Transfection of promoter deletions into HepG2 cells showed that the LF-B1 region is necessary for high expression of the aminopeptidase N gene in liver cells.
CD13 Antigens	altered level	Aminopeptidase N		CD13 Antigens					Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	Intestine, Small	Intestine, Small	1680856	The LF-B1 region (-85 to -58) interacts with the liver transcription factor LF-B1 (HNF-1) which was detected as well in nuclei from small intestinal mucosa.
sialic acid	loss of structure				neuraminidase							human	TCR-gamma+ cells	T-Lymphocytes	2449496	This reactivity was significantly increased upon removal of sialic acid residues by neuraminidase.
N-linked glycosylation sites	loss of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV	HIV-1		Humans	Cell Line	Cell Line	28584151	Resistance mapped to the loss of multiple potential N-linked glycosylation sites in gp120, suggesting that inhibition is due to steric hindrance of CD4-binding-induced conformational changes.
MUC1 glycoprotein	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Pancreatic Neoplasms					27220889	The MUC1 glycoprotein is overexpressed and aberrantly glycosylated in >90% of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cases and impacts tumor progression by initiating downstream signaling through phosphorylation of its cytoplasmic tail.
Rho glucosylation	acquisition of structure				toxin A		tcdA protein, Clostridium difficile		Clostridium difficile infection	Clostridium Infections	inhibiting toxin glucosyltransferase activity	Mice	epithelial cells		27271747	The tissue destruction and inflammation which characterize C. difficile infection (CDI) are primarily due to the Rho-glucosylating toxins A and B.
sialylation	increased level							diagnostic	Uterine Cervical Neoplasms	Uterine Cervical Neoplasms		Humans	exfoliated cervical cells		27092648	Sialylation levels increased and fucosylation levels decreased with increasing grade of cervical dysplasia.
fucosylation	decreased level							diagnostic	Uterine Cervical Neoplasms	Uterine Cervical Neoplasms		Humans	exfoliated cervical cells		27092648	Sialylation levels increased and fucosylation levels decreased with increasing grade of cervical dysplasia.
glycosylation	loss of structure	VEGFR2|VE-cadherin|CD31		Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2|Cadherins|Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1					vascular development defects		treatment with the end product of cisPTase activity, dolichol phosphate	mouse	endothelial cells	Endothelium, Vascular	26755743	Loss of NgBR in endothelial cells reduces proliferation and promotes apoptosis of the cells largely through defects in the glycosylation of key endothelial proteins including VEGFR2, VE-cadherin, and CD31, and defective glycosylation can be rescued by treatment with the end product of cisPTase activity, dolichol phosphate.
sulfated tyrosine	acquisition of structure	CCR5		Receptors, CCR5					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	CCR5	Receptors, CCR5	21763489	Interaction of CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120/CD4 complex involves its amino-terminal domain (Nt-CCR5) and requires sulfation of two to four tyrosine residues in Nt-CCR5.
Glycosylation	undetermined								HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	Macrophages|HeLa Cells	Macrophages|HeLa Cells	8898197	The identification of multiple functionally important regions in CCR5, coupled with differences in how CCR5 is used by M- and dual-tropic viruses, suggests that interactions between HIV-1 and entry cofactors are conformationally complex.
glycosylation	altered level	aminopeptidase N		Aminopeptidases					thioglycollate-elicited peritoneal macrophages			mouse	peritoneal macrophages	Macrophages, Peritoneal	7512741	The macrophage ApN protein has a larger mass and is antigenically distinct from murine kidney ApN, which is suggested to result from glycosylation differences rather than expression of a distinct protein.
lactosylceramide	decreased level				CMP-sialic acid:LacCer 2,3-sialosyltransferase		Sialyltransferases|haematoside synthetase		mammary carcinoma	Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental		mouse	FUA169 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	7678417	A mouse mammary carcinoma mutant cell line showing a characteristic alteration of glycosphingolipid (GSL) composition, but with unchanged protein glycosylation pattern, was isolated.
GM3	acquisition of structure				CMP-sialic acid:LacCer 2,3-sialosyltransferase		Sialyltransferases|haematoside synthetase		mammary carcinoma	Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental		mouse	FUA169 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	7678417	FUA169 cells were characterized by a dramatic reduction in LacCer and by the presence of a major ganglioside identified as GM3.
sialic acid	loss of structure	gp120|gp41		Viral Envelope Proteins|Viral Envelope Proteins	neuraminidase				Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome	Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome		Humans	peripheral blood mononuclear cells	Humans	8474169	The virus also was treated with neuraminidase or endo-beta-galactosidase to remove terminal sialic acids.
high-mannose-type, nonsialylated, nonfucosylated carbohydrate moieties	acquisition of structure	gp120|gp41		Viral Envelope Proteins|Viral Envelope Proteins	mannosidase II				Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome	Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome		Humans	peripheral blood mononuclear cells	Humans	8474169	HIV-1 IIIB was synthesized in the presence or absence of the mannosidase II inhibitor, swainsonine, to give rise to high-mannose-type, nonsialylated, nonfucosylated carbohydrate moieties.
N-acetyllactosamine-containing oligosaccharides	unaltered level	lysosomal-associated membrane protein-1 (LAMP-1)		Lysosomal Membrane Proteins	beta 1,4-galactosyltransferase (GalTase)		N-Acetyllactosamine Synthase		embryonal carcinoma	Embryonal Carcinoma Stem Cells		mouse	F9 embryonal carcinoma cells	Embryonal Carcinoma Stem Cells	8490242	We have examined the effects of overexpressing GalTase on the glycosylation of endogenous glycoproteins in F9 mouse embryonal carcinoma cells.
hypogalactosylated hinge region	undetermined	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A					IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Human	Mesangium	Glomerular Mesangium	31227634	Most mesangial IgA1 in human IgAN has a hypogalactosylated hinge region, but it is unclear whether this is required for IgA deposition.
hinge hypoglycosylation	unaltered level	IgA		Immunoglobulin A					IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Mouse	Glomerulus	Glomerular Mesangium	31227634	We also observed that hinge hypoglycosylation was not mandatory for IgA deposition.
cleaved IR	increased level	Insulin receptor		Receptor, Insulin	BACE1		BACE1 protein, human|Bace1 protein, mouse	response	diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus	BACE1 inhibitor	mouse	liver	Liver	29610518	During diabetes, BACE1-dependent cleavage of IR is increased and the amount of IR in the liver is reduced, whereas infusion of a BACE1 inhibitor partially restores liver IR.
cleaved IR	increased level	Insulin receptor		Receptor, Insulin	BACE1		BACE1 protein, human|Bace1 protein, mouse	diagnostic	liver tumors	Neoplasms		human	plasma		29610518	Additionally, we show that plasma levels of cleaved IR reflect IR isoform A expression levels in liver tumors, which prompts us to propose that the measurement of circulating cleaved IR may assist hepatic cancer detection and management.
O-GlcNAcylation	increased level							prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast carcinoma cells	Cytoplasm|Cell Nucleus	27683279	A high extent of both cytoplasmic and nuclear O-GlcNAcylation correlated with an increased relapse rate, development of distant metastases, and poor outcome.
O-GlcNAcylation	increased level				hyaluronan synthase		Hyaluronan Synthases	prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast carcinoma cells	Cytoplasm|Cell Nucleus	27683279	A high extent of cytoplasmic O-GlcNAcylation correlated also with the accumulation of all hyaluronan synthase (HAS1-3) proteins and with a large amount of HA in the tumor stroma.
N-linked glycosylation	altered level	fibronectin		Fibronectins				diagnostic	non-small cell lung carcinoma	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung		Humans	lung cancer tissue	Humans	25244057	The glycosylation profiling of fibronectin indicated that the peanut agglutinin (PNA) signal appeared to differentiate two NSCLC types, adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma, whereas the protein expression level was similar between these types.
N-linked glycosylation	altered level	fibronectin		Fibronectins				diagnostic	adenocarcinoma			Humans	lung cancer tissue	Humans	25244057	The glycosylation profiling of fibronectin indicated that the peanut agglutinin (PNA) signal appeared to differentiate two NSCLC types, adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma, whereas the protein expression level was similar between these types.
N-linked glycosylation	altered level	fibronectin		Fibronectins				diagnostic	large cell carcinoma			Humans	lung cancer tissue	Humans	25244057	The glycosylation profiling of fibronectin indicated that the peanut agglutinin (PNA) signal appeared to differentiate two NSCLC types, adenocarcinoma and large cell carcinoma, whereas the protein expression level was similar between these types.
N-linked oligosaccharides	loss of structure	CD11b/CD18		CD11b Antigen|CD18 Antigens					cytotoxicity			Humans	CD11b-expressing cells	CD11b Antigen	18375764	We show that deglycosylation of cell surface proteins by glycosidase treatment, or inhibition of protein N-glycosylation by tunicamycin, ablates CyaA binding and penetration of CD11b-expressing cells.
N-linked oligosaccharides	loss of structure	CD11a/CD18		CD18 Antigens					cytotoxicity			Humans	CD11b-expressing cells	CD11b Antigen	18375764	Moreover, glycosylation of CD11a/CD18, another receptor of the beta(2) integrin family, was also essential for cytotoxic action of other RTX cytotoxins, the leukotoxin of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (LtxA) and the Escherichia coli alpha-Hly (HlyA).
N-linked carbohydrates	altered level	C33 antigen		Membrane Glycoproteins					human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)	Human T-lymphotropic virus 1		human	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	1738199	Therefore, C33 antigen has only N-linked carbohydrates, the modification of which appears to be substantially altered in the presence of the HTLV-1 genome.
sialic acids	increased level	invariant chain		Sialic Acids|invariant chain								Mice	Langerhans cells	Langerhans Cells	2014224	Ii molecules that are known to be involved in antigen processing display an unusually large number of sialic acids in fresh LCs
glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)	undetermined	Blast-1		CD48 Antigen|CD48 protein, human					immune response			human	leukocytes	T-Lymphocytes	2466936	Blast-1 is a human activation-associated glycoprotein expressed on the surface of leukocytes.
Con A binding glycan	increased level	alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor		alpha 1-Antitrypsin					Carcinoma, Hepatocellular	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Human	Hep 3B cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	2467770	Several of the crude cytokine preparations, but not IL-1, TNF, or HSF, caused Hep 3B cells to secrete forms of PI and AFP showing increased reactivity with Con A upon testing by affinity electrophoresis, while decreased reactivity with Con A was seen in these proteins secreted by Hep G2 cells.
Con A binding glycan	decreased level	alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor		alpha 1-Antitrypsin					Carcinoma, Hepatocellular	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Human	Hep G2 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	2467770	Several of the crude cytokine preparations, but not IL-1, TNF, or HSF, caused Hep 3B cells to secrete forms of PI and AFP showing increased reactivity with Con A upon testing by affinity electrophoresis, while decreased reactivity with Con A was seen in these proteins secreted by Hep G2 cells.
Con A binding glycan	increased level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins					Carcinoma, Hepatocellular	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Human	Hep 3B cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	2467770	Several of the crude cytokine preparations, but not IL-1, TNF, or HSF, caused Hep 3B cells to secrete forms of PI and AFP showing increased reactivity with Con A upon testing by affinity electrophoresis, while decreased reactivity with Con A was seen in these proteins secreted by Hep G2 cells.
Con A binding glycan	decreased level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins					Carcinoma, Hepatocellular	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Human	Hep G2 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	2467770	Several of the crude cytokine preparations, but not IL-1, TNF, or HSF, caused Hep 3B cells to secrete forms of PI and AFP showing increased reactivity with Con A upon testing by affinity electrophoresis, while decreased reactivity with Con A was seen in these proteins secreted by Hep G2 cells.
glycosylation	altered level							prognostic	low-grade glioma	Glioma		Humans	brain	Brain Neoplasms	39445005	Glycosylation, a common post-translational modification of proteins, plays a significant role in tumor transformation.
O-GlcNAcylation	increased level	YAP		YY1AP1 protein, human	O-Linked N-Acetylglucosamine Transferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|OGT protein, human	prognostic	papillary thyroid cancer	Thyroid Cancer, Papillary	manipulating OGT/YAP activity in PTC targeted therapies	human	PTC cells		34155345	Here we found that the upregulated O-Linked N-Acetylglucosamine Transferase (OGT) expression and O-GlcNAcylation (O-GlcNAc) modification in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) were essential in tumor growth and metastasis.
glycosylated CCN3	unaltered level	CCN3		Nephroblastoma Overexpressed Protein					pre-eclampsia	Pre-Eclampsia		Humans	Jeg3 choriocarcinoma cells	Cell Line, Tumor	21784733	An impaired balance in the expression of glycosylated and non-glycosylated CCN3 could contribute to the shallow invasion of EVTs observed in pre-eclampsia.
non-glycosylated CCN3	unaltered level	CCN3		Nephroblastoma Overexpressed Protein					pre-eclampsia	Pre-Eclampsia		Humans	Jeg3 choriocarcinoma cells	Cell Line, Tumor	21784733	An impaired balance in the expression of glycosylated and non-glycosylated CCN3 could contribute to the shallow invasion of EVTs observed in pre-eclampsia.
glycosylated ferritin	decreased level	ferritin		Ferritins				diagnostic	adult Still's disease			Humans	serum		12734900	A high serum ferritin concentration with a low percentage of glycosylated ferritin (< 20%) have been reported to be a specific marker of active adult Still's disease (ASD).
glycosylated ferritin	decreased level	ferritin		Ferritins				diagnostic	hemophagocytosis syndrome	Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell		Humans	serum		12734900	However, high ferritin levels are found during hemophagocytosis syndrome (HS).
N-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	APMAP		APMAP protein, mouse					adipocyte differentiation			mouse	white adipose tissue	Adipocytes	11583587	The DD16 cDNA encoded a polypeptide of 415 amino acids containing a single N-glycosylation site and an N-terminal hydrophobic stretch of 19 amino acids forming a transmembrane segment, indicating that DD16 is a glycosylated membrane-bound protein.
basigin	increased level	basigin		Basigin					tumor	Tumor Cells, Cultured		mouse	tumor cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	11169976	Mouse cells express two major forms of basigin that differ in their degree of glycosylation (molecular weights: 45 and 58 kDa) but, in similar fashion to human EMMPRIN, mouse tumor cells express higher levels of basigin than normal cells.
glycosylation	loss of structure	CD3 antibody		CD3 Complex				response	renal transplant rejection	Graft Rejection	antirejection therapy	Humans	kidney	Kidney Transplantation	10609938	We have humanized a rat CD3 antibody and created a single amino acid substitution in position 297 of the IgG1 heavy chain to prevent glycosylation and, consequently, binding of the therapeutic antibody to Fc receptors and to complement.
sialyl-Lewis x	increased level	mucins		Mucins	alpha1,3 fucosyltransferase				cystic fibrosis	Cystic Fibrosis		human	bronchial mucosa	Bronchi	10024669	Finally, the sialyl-Lewis x determinant was also overexpressed in the mucins from severely infected patients.
sialyl-Lewis x	increased level	mucins		Mucins	alpha1,3 fucosyltransferase				chronic bronchitis	Bronchitis		human	bronchial mucosa	Bronchi	10024669	Finally, the sialyl-Lewis x determinant was also overexpressed in the mucins from severely infected patients.
N-glycosylation	undetermined	aminopeptidase N		Aminopeptidases|CD13 Antigens								rabbit	kidney	Kidney	7903857	Rabbit APN has eight potential N-glycosylation sites and seven cysteine residues, one of which is located in the transmembrane domain.
Man5, Man6, and Man7 oligosaccharides	unaltered level	Thy-1		Thy-1 Antigens	Golgi endo-alpha-D-mannosidase				neuronal tumor			rat	BN-1010-1 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8099781	The surface Thy-1 contained mainly normal Man5, Man6, and Man7 oligosaccharides, suggesting that Golgi endo-alpha-D-mannosidase effected the removal of glucose.
Man8 and Man9 oligosaccharides	acquisition of structure	Thy-1		Thy-1 Antigens					neuronal tumor			rat	BN-1010-1 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8099781	Treatment with deoxymannojirimycin resulted in the synthesis of Thy-1 that contained Man8 and Man9 oligosaccharides compared to Man5, Man6, and Man7 in the control.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure			Tn antigen				diagnostic	cancer metastasis	Neoplasm Metastasis		Humans	breast cancer cells	Breast Neoplasms	26994652	Failure in O-glycan chain extension exposing Tn antigen (GalNAc-O-Ser/Thr) is clinically associated with cancer metastasis.
GalNAc-glycans	increased level			Acetylgalactosamine				diagnostic	cancer metastasis	Neoplasm Metastasis		Humans	breast cancer cells	Breast Neoplasms	26994652	This study provides evidence of a functional role for aberrant GalNAc-glycans in cancer cell capture from blood flow and/or adhesion to endothelium.
glycosylation	increased level	CD66b|CD66c		Antigens, CD|Antigens, Differentiation|CD66 antigens					incomplete glycosylation			Bombyx mori	silkworm larvae	Bombyx|Larva	8776764	The smaller apparent masses of the antigens compared with those of the native antigens appeared to be primarily due to incomplete glycosylation.
N-glycan-linked 6-sulfo sialyl Lewis X	unaltered level				core 1 extension|core 2 branching enzymes				lymphocyte homing			Mice	high endothelial venules	Endothelium, Lymphatic	17334369	Biochemical analyses identified a class of N-glycans bearing the 6-sulfo sialyl Lewis X L-selectin ligand in high endothelial venules.
6'-sulfo-sialyl Lewis X	unaltered level	Siglec-8		SIGLEC8 protein, human					allergic inflammation			human	eosinophils	Eosinophils	19458105	The lectin Siglec-8 (sialic acid-binding, immunoglobulin-like lectin), which is selectively expressed on eosinophil surfaces and regulates eosinophil survival, preferentially binds to the glycan 6'-sulfo-sialyl Lewis X (6'-sulfo-sLe(x)).
Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen	undetermined								cancer			Humans			20530247	Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF) antigen, which plays an important role in the regulation of cancer cell proliferation, occurs in ∼90% of all human cancers and precancerous conditions.
IgG fucosylation	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				prognostic|risk	pulmonary arterial hypertension	Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension		Humans	plasma		39260931	Plasma IgG fucosylation was found to predict survival independent of age and sex in the discovery cohort (HR: 0.377; 95% CI: 0.168-0.845; P = 0.018) with confirmation in the validation cohort (HR: 0.445; 95% CI: 0.264-0.751; P = 0.005).
glycans	undetermined							response	colorectal cancer		cetuximab				22245799	The assay is based on the competition between a quantum-dots-labeled glycans and target glycans using lectins as the recognition element.
N-glycan	acquisition of structure	Glycoprotein Hormones, alpha Subunit		Glycoprotein Hormones, alpha Subunit								Cricetinae	CHO Cells	Cricetinae|CHO Cells	12940452	To obtain more information on the relationship between the structure and function of the alpha-subunit, we introduced a novel N-glycosylation site in the N-terminal region by mutating Asp3 and Gln5 into Asn and Thr, respectively.
O-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	Glycoprotein Hormones, alpha Subunit		Glycoprotein Hormones, alpha Subunit								Cricetinae	CHO Cells	Cricetinae|CHO Cells	12940452	Amino acid changes generated the attachment of O-glycosylation in free alpha-subunit but not in assembled form.
sialylated O-glycans	acquisition of structure	major histocompatibility complex class II-associated invariant chain		Histocompatibility Antigens Class II|invariant chain								HeLa cells	HeLa cells	HeLa Cells	9050864	We show that wild-type rab6 and rab6 Q72L overexpression induces the redistribution of the trans-Golgi protein beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and allows the addition of sialylated O-glycans on an ER-retained protein, the major histocompatibility complex class II-associated invariant chain.
O-glycosylation	decreased level	major histocompatibility complex class II-associated invariant chain		Histocompatibility Antigens Class II|invariant chain								HeLa cells	HeLa cells	HeLa Cells	9050864	In contrast, overexpression of rab6 T27N does not cause the redistribution of Golgi proteins, but inhibits basal O-glycosylation of the major histocompatibility complex class II-associated invariant chain.
glycoside-primed glycans	altered level	Membrane Glycoproteins		Membrane Glycoproteins					Neoplasm	Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic|Neoplasm Proteins		Humans	U-937 cells	U937 Cells	11117312	The generation of glycoside-primed glycans altered the formation of glycoproteins on the cell surface and inhibited cell adhesion dependent on E-selectin.
N-glycosylation	increased level	β1-integrin		Integrin beta1				response	HER-2-positive luminal breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	trastuzumab	Humans	SKBR-3 cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	23991019	In addition to expression of conventional EMT markers, all mesenchymal colony clusters displayed a predominant CD44+/CD24- phenotype with decreased HER-2 expression and elevated levels of a β1-integrin isoform with a high degree of N-glycosylation.
Fucosylation	altered level	IgG		Fucose				prognostic	pulmonary arterial hypertension	Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension|Hypertension, Pulmonary		Humans		Humans	39260932	Fucosylation: The Prognostic Impact of Sugar in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.
glycan composition	altered level	HIV envelope glycoprotein (Env)		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|HIV Envelope Protein gp41|env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	HEK293 Cells	HEK293 Cells	24931470	Here, we use hydrogen-deuterium exchange and oxidative labeling to gain a more precise understanding of the unliganded and CD4-bound forms of soluble Env trimers (SOSIP.664), including their glycan composition.
N-linked glycans	loss of structure	mannoproteins		mannoproteins					innate immune response			Candida albicans	HEK293 cells	HEK293 Cells	29281684	SEAP production in response to C. albicans A9 mnn4Δ mutant CMP, lacking phosphomannosylations on N-linked glycans, was significantly greater (p ≤ 0.005) than SEAP responses to CMP derived from parental A9 (both serotype B).
sialylated core-2 O-glycans	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1|MUC1 protein, human	C2GnT-1			diagnostic	mucoepidermoid carcinoma	Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid		Humans	salivary gland		37031283	MEC cells produced MUC1 modified with α2,3-linked sialic acid-containing core-2 O-glycans.
sialyl Lewis X	undetermined														32759046	Finally, we demonstrate the potential of our strategy to aid in the assignment of complex glycans, by using a novel 13C-detected version of the CT-HSQC-TOCSY experiment performed on sialyl Lewis X pentasaccharide model system.
N-glycan	increased level	α-1-acid glycoprotein						diagnostic|prognostic	castration-resistant prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant		Humans	serum		31727974	The overexpression of specific N-glycans may be associated with their castration-resistant status and be a potential biomarker for CRPC.
O-GlcNAc	altered level								human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection			Human	Jurkat cells		35132862	Among glycoproteins exclusively in Jurkat cells, those involved in human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection are overrepresented, which is consistent with the cell line source and suggests that protein O-GlcNAcylation participated in the response to the virus infection.
O-GalNAc (the Tn antigen)	altered level								Neoplasms	Neoplasms		Human	cancer cells		35132862	Glycoproteins with diverse glycans are essential to human cells, and subtle differences in glycan structures may result in entirely different functions.
nonreducing terminal N-acetylglucosamine	unaltered level								cell adhesion	Cell Adhesion		Chicken	hepatocytes	Hepatocytes	14638630	Primary chicken hepatocytes, which constitutively express a C-type lectin that binds to nonreducing terminal N-acetylglucosamine residues, were labeled with a fluorescent dye and incubated in 1.3-microL aliquots on the glycosylated spots.
sialyl Lewis x	unaltered level								cell adhesion	Cell Adhesion		Human	CD4+ T-cells	T-Lymphocytes	14638630	Extension of the method to CD4+ human T-cells on a 45-glycan diversity array revealed specific adhesion to the sialyl Lewis x structure.
N-linked glycans	altered level	plasma glycoproteins		Glycoproteins					cancer				plasma		19435342	Recent investigations continue to emphasize the importance of glycosylation in various diseases including cancer.
N-linked oligosaccharides	unaltered level	envelope glycoproteins	env	Viral Envelope Proteins					human immunodeficiency virus type 1	HIV-1		Humans	CD4+ cells		2045792	No altered biological activity compared to that of the wild-type proteins could be detected for the mutant proteins lacking the N-glycosylation sites.
O-linked oligosaccharides	altered level				ST3Gal I|C2GnT		beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase|N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		cell-cell adhesion			Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	10745191	Production of O-linked oligosaccharides that interact with selectins to mediate cell-cell adhesion occurs in one segment of a branched glycan biosynthesis network.
O-linked glycans	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	cancer			human	cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	21710557	Our results revealed that properties of the MUC1 molecules from the three cell lines are different in terms of migrating position in SMME and glycan profile.
N-glycans	unaltered level	Toll-Like Receptor 2		Toll-Like Receptor 2				response	parasitic infections			mice	macrophages	Macrophage Activation	28765651	The lectin ArtinM targets TLR2 N-glycans on macrophages, induces cytokines production, and promotes T helper-1 immunity, a process that culminates in resistance to several parasitic and fungal infections in vivo.
N-glycans	unaltered level	Toll-Like Receptor 2		Toll-Like Receptor 2				response	fungal infections			mice	macrophages	Macrophage Activation	28765651	The lectin ArtinM targets TLR2 N-glycans on macrophages, induces cytokines production, and promotes T helper-1 immunity, a process that culminates in resistance to several parasitic and fungal infections in vivo.
aberrant glycan structures	acquisition of structure	LIFR|CE350|VP13A|HPT		Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Receptor alpha Subunit|CEP350 protein, human|VPS13A protein, human|HP protein, human				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	serum		28244758	Here, we report four proteins (LIFR, CE350, VP13A, HPT) found in sera from pancreatic cancer patients carrying aberrant glycan structures as compared to those of controls.
mammalian-like N-glycans	acquisition of structure	anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies		Antibodies, Monoclonal				response	cancer		therapeutic antibodies	Bombyx	silkworm-baculovirus expression system	Bombyx|Baculoviridae	29415204	Here, we characterized the stability, glycosylation pattern and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity activity of anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies containing native or glycoengineered mammalian-like N-glycans that were produced by using a silkworm-baculovirus expression system.
core-fucosylated N-glycan	acquisition of structure	anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies		Receptor, ErbB-2|Trastuzumab					reduced ADCC activity	Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity					29090617	mAbs with the core-fucosylated N-glycans had markedly reduced ADCC activities, while those with the non-core-fucosylated N-glycans had high activities.
non-core-fucosylated N-glycan	loss of structure	anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies		Receptor, ErbB-2|Trastuzumab					enhanced ADCC activity	Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity					29090617	mAbs with the core-fucosylated N-glycans had markedly reduced ADCC activities, while those with the non-core-fucosylated N-glycans had high activities.
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	liver cancer	Liver Neoplasms		Humans	blood samples		27249841	Specifically, support vector machine-recursive feature elimination algorithm is utilized to select a panel of proteins, N-glycans, and metabolites based on LC-MS and GC-MS data previously acquired by the analysis of blood samples from two cohorts in a liver cancer study.
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	liver cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	blood samples		27249841	Improved performances are observed by integrative analysis compared to separate proteomic, glycomic, and metabolomic studies in distinguishing liver cancer cases from patients with liver cirrhosis.
glycan structures	altered level								diseases						11928484	This database can help researchers to identify what glycan structures are known to be attached to certain glycoproteins, as well as more generally identifying what types of glycan structures are associated with different states, for example, different species, tissues and diseases.
glycans	altered level							diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	serum		18189345	The methods are applied to identify candidate biomarkers in serum samples of 203 participants from Egypt; 73 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases, 52 patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) consisting of cirrhosis and fibrosis cases, and 78 population controls.
glycans	altered level							diagnostic	chronic liver disease			Humans	serum		18189345	The methods are applied to identify candidate biomarkers in serum samples of 203 participants from Egypt; 73 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases, 52 patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) consisting of cirrhosis and fibrosis cases, and 78 population controls.
beta1,6GlcNAc-branching in N-glycans	increased level	cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4		CTLA-4 Antigen|CTLA4 protein, human|Ctla4 protein, mouse	N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase V	MGAT5	MGAT5B protein, human|N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases	risk	autoimmunity			mouse	T cells	Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell	19706602	T cell receptor (TCR) signaling enhances beta1,6GlcNAc-branching in N-glycans, a phenotype that promotes growth arrest and inhibits autoimmunity by increasing surface retention of cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) via interactions with galectins.
Lewis(x)	increased level	Carcinoembryonic Antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen					colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	colon epithelial cells	Humans	15994972	The majority of colorectal cancers overexpress carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and malignant transformation changes the glycosylation of CEA on colon epithelial cells, resulting in higher levels of Lewis(x) and de novo expression of Lewis(y) on tumor-associated CEA.
Lewis(y)	acquisition of structure	Carcinoembryonic Antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen					colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	colon epithelial cells	Humans	15994972	The majority of colorectal cancers overexpress carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and malignant transformation changes the glycosylation of CEA on colon epithelial cells, resulting in higher levels of Lewis(x) and de novo expression of Lewis(y) on tumor-associated CEA.
N-glycosylation	altered level	CTLA-4		CTLA-4 Antigen|CTLA4 protein, human					T cell activation	Lymphocyte Activation		human	T lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	16002699	C122-independent dimerization of CTLA-4 involved N-glycosylation, because further mutation of the N78 and N110 glycosylation sites abrogated dimerization.
glycans	undetermined	ribonuclease B		Ribonucleases|ribonuclease B								Cattle		Cattle	12845576	ANTS-derivatized samples, including a maltooligosaccharide ladder and glycans released from bovine ribonuclease B, bovine fetuin, and chicken ovalbumin, were analyzed using this method.
glycans	undetermined	ovalbumin		Ovalbumin								Chickens		Chickens	12845576	ANTS-derivatized samples, including a maltooligosaccharide ladder and glycans released from bovine ribonuclease B, bovine fetuin, and chicken ovalbumin, were analyzed using this method.
STn	unaltered level	CA72-4		CA-72-4 antigen				diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		36084524	The sensor provides a simple, fast, and low-cost alternative for accurate diagnosis of gastric cancer.
SLea	unaltered level	CA19-9		CA-19-9 Antigen				diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		36084524	The sensor provides a simple, fast, and low-cost alternative for accurate diagnosis of gastric cancer.
oligosaccharides	undetermined							diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms		Humans		Humans	24945538	Due to an increased interest of scientists in glycoproteins, new electrochemical papers emerged aiming at detection of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides (i.e. glycans, when part of the protein).
polysaccharides	undetermined							diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms		Humans		Humans	24945538	Due to an increased interest of scientists in glycoproteins, new electrochemical papers emerged aiming at detection of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides (i.e. glycans, when part of the protein).
N-linked glycosylation sites	loss of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	primary HIV-1 isolates		12954207	Thus, carbohydrates that flank receptor-binding regions on gp120 protect primary HIV-1 isolates from antibody-mediated neutralization.
N-linked glycosylation site at the base of the gp120 third variable region (V3 loop)	loss of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	primary HIV-1 isolates		12954207	Surprisingly, removal of a single N-linked glycosylation site at the base of the gp120 third variable region (V3 loop) increased the sensitivity of the primary viruses to neutralization by CD4BS antibodies.
N156	loss of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120				response	HIV-1	HIV-1		Mice			22192629	Our study demonstrates for the first time that removal of individual glycan N156, N262 or N410 proximal to CD4-binding region impairs viral infectivity and results in enhanced capability to induce neutralizing activity.
N262	loss of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120				response	HIV-1	HIV-1		Mice			22192629	Our study demonstrates for the first time that removal of individual glycan N156, N262 or N410 proximal to CD4-binding region impairs viral infectivity and results in enhanced capability to induce neutralizing activity.
N410	loss of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120				response	HIV-1	HIV-1		Mice			22192629	Our study demonstrates for the first time that removal of individual glycan N156, N262 or N410 proximal to CD4-binding region impairs viral infectivity and results in enhanced capability to induce neutralizing activity.
SLe(x)	unaltered level	beta2 integrins		CD18 Antigens|Macrophage-1 Antigen					neutrophil attachment to E-selectin			Human	neutrophils		10670580	Proposed ligands for E-selectin carry SLe(x)-type glycans.
sialylated glycans	altered level				sialyltransferases		Sialyltransferases|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		human physio-pathological processes		development of new therapeutic targets	mammalian	cells	HEK293 Cells	28395125	Because sialylated glycans play critical roles in a number of human physio-pathological processes, the past two decades have witnessed the development of modified sialic acid derivatives for a better understanding of sialic acid biology and for the development of new therapeutic targets.
N-linked oligosaccharides	undetermined	alpha- and alpha'-subunits										tunicate	hemocytes		1379898	As in mice, tunicate alpha- and alpha' -subunits each appeared to bear three N-linked oligosaccharides, one high mannose- and two complex-type glycans and focused as a number of heterogeneous spots on IEF gels.
N-linked glycan	undetermined	beta-subunits										tunicate	hemocytes		1379898	In contrast, beta-subunits of both species were associated with a single N-linked glycan of the complex type and focused as basic components of limited charge heterogeneity.
N-glycans of the oligomannosidic type	unaltered level	DPPIV		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4					hepatocarcinoma	Liver Neoplasms		Humans	HepG2 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	7622556	As a result surface proteins retained N-glycans of the oligomannosidic type.
N-glycans of the complex type	acquisition of structure	DPPIV		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4					hepatocarcinoma	Liver Neoplasms		Humans	HepG2 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	7622556	Return to the site of mannosidase I in the medial/cis-Golgi was measured monitoring conversion of these glycans to those of the complex type after washout of dMM.
triantennary	decreased ratio	fetuin		Fetuins											2447075	In fetuin, for which the glycan pool is known to be made up of about two-thirds triantennary and one-third biantennary structures, the analysis of the three glycopeptides gave triantennary to biantennary ratios of 75/25, 67/33, and 70/30, respectively, demonstrating that the three sites are processed to a very similar, albeit perhaps not identical, extent.
biantennary	increased ratio	fetuin		Fetuins											2447075	In fetuin, for which the glycan pool is known to be made up of about two-thirds triantennary and one-third biantennary structures, the analysis of the three glycopeptides gave triantennary to biantennary ratios of 75/25, 67/33, and 70/30, respectively, demonstrating that the three sites are processed to a very similar, albeit perhaps not identical, extent.
bi-antennary N-glycan	unaltered level	Mac2 binding protein		LGALS3BP protein, human				diagnostic	healthy	Healthy Volunteers		Human	serum		34192302	In NHS-IP(+) M2BP, bi-antennary N-glycan was the main structure, and LacNAc extended to its branches.
tri-antennary N-glycan	increased level	Mac2 binding protein		LGALS3BP protein, human				diagnostic	liver cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Human	serum		34192302	In F4-IP(+) M2BP, many branched structures, including tri-antennary and tetra-antennary N-glycans, were found.
tetra-antennary N-glycan	increased level	Mac2 binding protein		LGALS3BP protein, human				diagnostic	liver cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Human	serum		34192302	In F4-IP(+) M2BP, many branched structures, including tri-antennary and tetra-antennary N-glycans, were found.
branched LacNAc	increased level	Mac2 binding protein		LGALS3BP protein, human				diagnostic	liver cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Human	serum		34192302	F4-WFA(+) showed a remarkable increase in branched structures relative to the quantity before enrichment.
serum N-glycans	altered level			Polysaccharides				diagnostic	liver fibrosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum	Serum	17510303	In this study, we attempted to establish a high-throughput quantitative assay for profiling serum N-glycome, and we applied the new assay to identifying serum N-glycans for diagnosis of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis.
serum N-glycans	altered level			Polysaccharides				diagnostic	cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum	Serum	17510303	In this study, we attempted to establish a high-throughput quantitative assay for profiling serum N-glycome, and we applied the new assay to identifying serum N-glycans for diagnosis of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis.
N-glycan branching	acquisition of structure							response|risk	multiple sclerosis	Demyelinating Diseases	oral GlcNAc	mice|humans	serum		33453988	In MS patients, endogenous serum GlcNAc levels inversely correlated with imaging measures of demyelination and microstructural damage.
GlcNAc	increased level							response|risk	multiple sclerosis	Demyelinating Diseases	oral GlcNAc	mice|humans	serum		33453988	In MS patients, endogenous serum GlcNAc levels inversely correlated with imaging measures of demyelination and microstructural damage.
G2F glycosylation	unaltered level	4C3 monoclonal antibody		Antibodies, Monoclonal				diagnostic	Granulomatosis with polyangiitis	Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis		Humans	B lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes	33101296	4C3 is able to bind FcγRIIA and FcγRIIIB and has a G2F glycosylation profile on asparagine 297.
galactose-deficient IgA1	increased level	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A				diagnostic	Henoch-Schonlein purpura	IgA Vasculitis		Humans	serum		31250447	The serum levels of AOPPs and Gd-IgA1 were quantified by an HAA-lectin-based ELISA.
glycosylation	altered level	CTL2/SLC44A2		Membrane Glycoproteins|Membrane Transport Proteins|SLC44A2 protein, human					autoimmune hearing loss	Autoimmune Diseases|Hearing Loss		Humans	cochlea|tongue|heart|colon|lung|kidney|liver|spleen	Ear, Inner	20665236	P1 and P2 isoforms with differing glycosylation are variably expressed in cochlea, tongue, heart, colon, lung, kidney, liver and spleen suggesting tissue specific differences that may influence function in each tissue.
glycosylation	altered level	CTL2/SLC44A2		Membrane Glycoproteins|Membrane Transport Proteins|SLC44A2 protein, human					transfusion-related acute lung injury			Humans	lung		20665236	Antibodies to the solute carrier protein, CTL2/SLC44A2, cause hearing loss in animals, are frequently found in autoimmune hearing loss patients, and are implicated in transfusion-related acute lung injury.
di-, tri-, and tetrabranched complex-type glycans	altered level	Prostate specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	prostate cells		18798614	Prostate specific antigen (PSA) molecules secreted by cancerous and normal prostate cells differ in their N-linked glycan composition, while the peptide backbone appears to be conserved.
beta-1,6-GlcNAc branching	increased level	PECAM-1		Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1					cancer extravasation			Humans	HUVEC	Endothelial Cells	20204678	The results demonstrated that TCM induced the increase in beta-1,6-GlcNAc branching expression of PECAM-1, accompanied by the tyrosine phosphorylation of PECAM-1.
alternatively glycosylated	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Human	serum		18848467	In this study, quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassays were utilized to explore the clinical diagnostic value of the alternatively glycosylated MUC1 and MUC5AC.
alternatively glycosylated	altered level	MUC5AC		MUC5AC protein, human|Mucin 5AC				diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Human	serum		18848467	In this study, quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassays were utilized to explore the clinical diagnostic value of the alternatively glycosylated MUC1 and MUC5AC.
Axl N-glycans	altered level	Axl glycoprotein		Axl Receptor Tyrosine Kinase|AXL receptor tyrosine kinase, mouse				response	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms|Liver Neoplasms, Experimental		mouse	Hca-F cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	23082053	Alteration of Axl glycosylation can attenuate neoplastic lymphatic metastasis.
MUC1 O-glycosylation	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1	C1GALT1		C1GALT1 protein, human|Galactosyltransferases	diagnostic	Esophagus squamous cell carcinoma	Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma		Human	tumor tissues		30076562	Further study of ESCC samples indicated that MUC1 O-glycosylation levels were higher in tumor tissues than that in para-carcinoma tissues in 10 of 14 pairs of ESCC samples.
MUC1 O-glycosylation	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1	C1GALT1		C1GALT1 protein, human|Galactosyltransferases	prognostic	Esophagus squamous cell carcinoma	Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma		Human	tumor tissues		30076562	More importantly, co-expression of MUC1 Oglycosylation and C1GALT1 presented positive correlations with both lymph node metastasis and survival time of ESCC patients.
bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)	increased level							diagnostic	glioblastoma	Glioblastoma		human	tumor regions		20661133	To identify glioblastoma (GBM) cells expressing glycoproteins that contain high levels of the bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) structures, lectin histochemistry was carried out using erythroagglutinating phytohemagglutinin.
anti-glycan IgM antibodies	increased level							diagnostic	autoimmunity	Autoimmunity		Humans	Fetal Blood	Fetal Blood	31365539	For the cord samples with high purity, anti-glycan IgM antibodies were prevalent and recognized a broad range of non-human and human glycans.
Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF) antigen	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					premalignant and malignant epithelia			Humans			26129647	A shift to short-chain glycans is an observed change in mucin-type O-glycosylation in premalignant and malignant epithelia.
Neu5Acα2,6-Tn	acquisition of structure								mammary carcinoma			Humans	tumors		23507963	Since both Neu5Acα2,6-Tn and Neu5Gcα2,6-Tn together with the previously known Tn antigen are expressed in human tumors such as mammary carcinoma, the interaction with CLEC10A expressed by macrophages and dendritic cells could be of major functional significance in tumor progression.
Neu5Gcα2,6-Tn	acquisition of structure								mammary carcinoma			Humans	tumors		23507963	Since both Neu5Acα2,6-Tn and Neu5Gcα2,6-Tn together with the previously known Tn antigen are expressed in human tumors such as mammary carcinoma, the interaction with CLEC10A expressed by macrophages and dendritic cells could be of major functional significance in tumor progression.
glycan composition	unaltered level								Basal laminar drusen			Humans			20436539	Basal laminar drusen and soft drusen have similar glycan composition.
glycan composition	unaltered level								soft drusen			Humans			20436539	Basal laminar drusen and soft drusen have similar glycan composition.
Glc3Man7-9GlcNAc2	acquisition of structure	HIV Envelope Protein gp160		HIV Envelope Protein gp160	alpha-glucosidase I				HIV-1	HIV-1		Cricetinae	CHO Cells	CHO Cells	8615025	Mutant cells were as follows: Lec23 (which lacks alpha-glucosidase I activity) produces a collection of triglucosylated structures (Glc3Man7-9GlcNAc2); LEC10 (which has increased GlcNAc transferase III activity) produces complex glycans with a bisected GlcNAc residue; Lec1 (which lacks GlcNAc transferase I) and Lec3.2.8.1 (which lacks GlcNAc transferase I and has decreased activity of CMP-NeuNAc and UDP-Gal translocases) produce Man5GlcNAc2 glycans at complex or hybrid sites.
complex glycans with a bisected GlcNAc residue	acquisition of structure	HIV Envelope Protein gp160		HIV Envelope Protein gp160	GlcNAc transferase III				HIV-1	HIV-1		Cricetinae	CHO Cells	CHO Cells	8615025	Mutant cells were as follows: Lec23 (which lacks alpha-glucosidase I activity) produces a collection of triglucosylated structures (Glc3Man7-9GlcNAc2); LEC10 (which has increased GlcNAc transferase III activity) produces complex glycans with a bisected GlcNAc residue; Lec1 (which lacks GlcNAc transferase I) and Lec3.2.8.1 (which lacks GlcNAc transferase I and has decreased activity of CMP-NeuNAc and UDP-Gal translocases) produce Man5GlcNAc2 glycans at complex or hybrid sites.
Man5GlcNAc2	acquisition of structure	HIV Envelope Protein gp160		HIV Envelope Protein gp160	GlcNAc transferase I				HIV-1	HIV-1		Cricetinae	CHO Cells	CHO Cells	8615025	Mutant cells were as follows: Lec23 (which lacks alpha-glucosidase I activity) produces a collection of triglucosylated structures (Glc3Man7-9GlcNAc2); LEC10 (which has increased GlcNAc transferase III activity) produces complex glycans with a bisected GlcNAc residue; Lec1 (which lacks GlcNAc transferase I) and Lec3.2.8.1 (which lacks GlcNAc transferase I and has decreased activity of CMP-NeuNAc and UDP-Gal translocases) produce Man5GlcNAc2 glycans at complex or hybrid sites.
sialyl lewis A	increased level				α2-3 sialyltransferases|α1-3/4 fucosyltransferases III and VII|N-acetylglucosamine-β1-3 galactosyltransferase V	ST3Gal III|FUT III and VII|β1-3GalT 5	Glycosyltransferases|Glycosyltransferases|Glycosyltransferases	risk	cancer metastasis	Neoplasm Metastasis		Homo sapiens|Mus musculus	hepatocellular carcinoma tissues|liver tissues|HBx-transfected cells	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms|Cell Line, Tumor	25255877	HBx expression in liver cancer region of HCC is associated with the specific synthesis of SLA.
sialylated O-glycosylated ligand	unaltered level	CD99		CD99 protein, human					immune responses			human	T cells		18234675	PILRs are widely expressed in immune cells and recognize the sialylated O-glycosylated ligand CD99, which is expressed on activated T cells, to regulate immune responses.
sialic acid-containing glycan	unaltered level	Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1		Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1					vascular permeability barrier disruption			Humans	endothelial cell	Endothelial Cells	27793989	Taken together, these data suggest that a sialic acid-containing glycan emanating from Asn-25 reinforces dynamic endothelial cell-cell interactions by stabilizing the PECAM-1 homophilic binding interface.
3'-sialyllactose	undetermined								HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	Cell Line	Cell Line	14570906	Sucrose gradient analysis of Triton X-100 virus lysates showed that Gag and envelope gp120 proteins accumulated in low buoyant, high-density fractions.
tumor-associated MUC1	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				response	tumor	Neoplasms, Experimental	vaccination	Mice	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	26788922	Instead, every tested MUC1 preparation, even non-glycosylated synthetic 9mer peptides, induced interferon gamma-producing CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cells that recognized glycosylated variants including tumor-associated MUC1.
complex glycosylated mature form	acquisition of structure	Prostate-specific membrane antigen		Antigens, Surface				diagnostic|predictive	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms	antibody-based therapeutic strategies	Dogs	COS-1 and MDCK cells	COS Cells|Madin Darby Canine Kidney Cells	23359458	Canine PSMA is trafficked efficiently along the secretory pathway, undergoes homodimerization when it acquires complex glycosylated mature form.
Lewis X antigen	loss of structure				Fut1|Fut2|Fut4		Fucosyltransferases|Fucosyltransferases|Fucosyltransferases		fertility	Fertility		Mice	male reproductive tract	Genitalia, Male	20876654	Although Lewis X (LeX) and Lewis Y (LeY) antigens were thought to play important roles in fertility, fucosyltransferase (Fut)-deficient (Fut1, Fut2 and Fut4) mice which lack LeX or LeY antigen are still fertile.
Lewis Y antigen	loss of structure				Fut1|Fut2|Fut4		Fucosyltransferases|Fucosyltransferases|Fucosyltransferases		fertility	Fertility		Mice	male reproductive tract	Genitalia, Male	20876654	Although Lewis X (LeX) and Lewis Y (LeY) antigens were thought to play important roles in fertility, fucosyltransferase (Fut)-deficient (Fut1, Fut2 and Fut4) mice which lack LeX or LeY antigen are still fertile.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1	UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase I		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases|Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase		cancer			Humans	cancer cells		14636048	Breast, ovarian, and colon cancer cells often display unique cell-surface antigens corresponding to aberrantly glycosylated forms of the MUC1 tandem repeat.
O-glycosylation	unaltered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					cystic fibrosis			human	Caco2 cell line	Caco-2 Cells	10089213	Expression of CFTR in this experimental system did not affect the gross levels of glycosylation or sulfation of the MUC1F mucin nor the types of carbohydrates structures attached to the MUC1F protein.
Glycosphingolipids	acquisition of structure								monokine production			Humans	mononuclear cells	Leukocytes, Mononuclear	7542635	Our results show that a GSL containing four sugar residues (GSL-4A) induced the release of tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1 in MNC, whereas GSL-1, containing only one glycosyl residue, was inactive.
Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen	undetermined								cancer						36525666	Yeast surface display of a variable library of rcSso7d proteins was screened to find variants with selectivity toward the cancer-associated glycan Galβ1-3GalNAcα or Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen and various relevant disaccharides.
sialylation	unaltered level	brush-border enzymes		Amylases|Lactase|beta-Galactosidase|Glucan 1,4-alpha-Glucosidase|Sucrase|Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4					postnatal development		Onapristone	rats	intestine	Intestine, Small	8525984	There was no immediate or delayed effect of Onapristone on the desialylation of brush-border enzymes.
sialylation	decreased level	brush-border enzyme DP IV		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4					postnatal development		Hydrocortisone	rats	intestine	Intestine, Small	8525984	In the delayed effect the drug also suppressed thymolysis induced by the exogeneously given glucocorticoid, and suppressed the HC-induced desialylation of a brush-border enzyme DP IV, which serves as a marker of the desialylation process.
Glycated Hemoglobin A	undetermined			Glycated Hemoglobin A					Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2					15770467	
N-linked carbohydrate	altered level	VIP36		VIP36 protein, Canis familiaris								Canis familiaris	MDCK cells|Vero cells	Dogs|Vero Cells	10444376	Cycling of VIP36 is suggested by colocalisation with anterograde cargo trapped in pre-Golgi structures and modification of its N-linked carbohydrate by glycosylation enzymes of medial Golgi cisternae.
GM3	acquisition of structure	caveolin		Caveolin 1|Caveolins								Cricetinae	CHO cells	CHO Cells	10873579	In contrast, caveolin is highly enriched in GEM when GM3 synthesis does not occur, and is translocated into high-density membrane fraction when GM3 synthesis occurs.
GM3	loss of structure	caveolin		Caveolin 1|Caveolins								Cricetinae	CHO cells	CHO Cells	10873579	In contrast, caveolin is highly enriched in GEM when GM3 synthesis does not occur, and is translocated into high-density membrane fraction when GM3 synthesis occurs.
N-linked glycan	altered level	CA125 antigen		CA-125 Antigen				diagnostic	ovarian carcinoma			Humans	OVCAR-3 cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	18334732	However, the binding patterns of both N- and O-linked glycan-reactive lectins indicated distinct differences in carbohydrate composition between CA125 antigen isolated from amniotic fluid and OVCAR-3 cell line.
O-linked glycan	altered level	CA125 antigen		CA-125 Antigen				diagnostic	ovarian carcinoma			Humans	OVCAR-3 cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	18334732	However, the binding patterns of both N- and O-linked glycan-reactive lectins indicated distinct differences in carbohydrate composition between CA125 antigen isolated from amniotic fluid and OVCAR-3 cell line.
N-linked glycan	altered level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Human	sera		22037582	Interacting with the kallikrein loop, the PSA N-linked glycan attached to asparagine 61 is an uncommonly complex sialated triantennary chain.
O-linked glycosylation	altered level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Human	sera		22037582	O-linked glycosylation is observed at threonine 125.
complex N-glycans	loss of structure	HIV-1 gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120	N-acetylglucosamine transferase I		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|UDP-GlcNAc alpha-D-mannoside beta-1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		HIV-1 infection	HIV Infections|HIV-1		Humans	HIV-1 pseudovirions	Virion	20335257	Thus, complex glycans, including those that surround the receptor binding sites, are replaced by fully trimmed oligomannose stumps.
oligomannose N-glycans	acquisition of structure	HIV-1 gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120	N-acetylglucosamine transferase I		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|UDP-GlcNAc alpha-D-mannoside beta-1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		HIV-1 infection	HIV Infections|HIV-1		Humans	HIV-1 pseudovirions	Virion	20335257	Thus, complex glycans, including those that surround the receptor binding sites, are replaced by fully trimmed oligomannose stumps.
N-domain glycosylated residues	altered level	CEACAM5		CEACAM5 protein, human|Carcinoembryonic Antigen					intestinal homeostasis			Humans	Intestinal epithelial cells	Intestinal Mucosa	24104458	Therefore, conformational changes in CEACAM5 glycosylation site are critical for its interaction with CD8α.
core fucosylated N-glycans	decreased level				fucosyltransferase			diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms	curative surgery	Humans	serum		24147084	We identified at least 9 N-glycan structures (peaks) and the levels of core fucose residues and fucosyltransferase were significantly decreased in GC.
core fucosylated N-glycans	decreased level				fucosyltransferase			diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms	curative surgery	Humans	tissue		24147084	We concluded that decreased core-fucosylation in both tissue and serum from GC patients may result from the decreased expression of fucosyltransferase.
Lewis^x	undetermined							diagnostic	cancer						29790113	Here, we evaluate the capability of traveling wave ion mobility combined with negative ion collision-induced dissociation to provide structural information on N-linked glycans containing multiple fucose residues forming the Lewisx and Lewisy epitopes.
Lewis^y	undetermined							diagnostic	cancer						29790113	Here, we evaluate the capability of traveling wave ion mobility combined with negative ion collision-induced dissociation to provide structural information on N-linked glycans containing multiple fucose residues forming the Lewisx and Lewisy epitopes.
Man9GlcNAc2	acquisition of structure	CTLA-4		CTLA-4 Antigen	alpha-Mannosidase		alpha-Mannosidase					Cricetulus	CHO cells	CHO Cells	21795794	Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based analysis of the extracellular region of the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4; CD152) homodimer expressed in long-term CHO cell cultures in the presence of kifunensine revealed that the inhibitor restricted CTLA-4 glycan processing to Man9GlcNAc2 and Man5GlcNAc2 structures.
Man5GlcNAc2	acquisition of structure	CTLA-4		CTLA-4 Antigen	alpha-Mannosidase		alpha-Mannosidase					Cricetulus	CHO cells	CHO Cells	21795794	Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry-based analysis of the extracellular region of the cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4; CD152) homodimer expressed in long-term CHO cell cultures in the presence of kifunensine revealed that the inhibitor restricted CTLA-4 glycan processing to Man9GlcNAc2 and Man5GlcNAc2 structures.
fucosylated N-glycans	increased level	alpha-Fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma			Humans	serum		31451706	A preliminary high sensitivity chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay kit showed increased levels of fucosylated AFP in the sera of patients with HCC, but not in the sera of normal patients, or patients with chronic liver diseases.
core-fucosylated N-glycans	increased level	CD147		Basigin	fucosyltransferase 8			diagnostic	oral squamous cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|Mouth Neoplasms		Humans	OC2 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	23078850	High levels of fucosylated N-glycans, especially core-fucosylated N-glycans, were observed on the OC2 cell surface whereas the major N-glycans on SG and HOK cells were high mannose type.
anti-carbohydrate antibodies	altered level							diagnostic	pathological conditions			mice	circulating		30829318	Not only the individual immune condition determines the success in combating internal and external potential threat signals, but also the existence of a particular pattern of circulating anti-glycan antibodies (and their serological level variation) could be a significant marker of the onset and progression of certain pathological conditions.
α1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine	decreased level	MUC6		MUC6 protein, human|Mucin-6	α1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase	A4GNT	N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases	diagnostic|prognostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	pancreatic cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	34808019	We previously reported that αGlcNAc expression decreases at early stages of neoplastic pancreatic lesions, followed by decreased MUC6 expression, although functional effects of these outcomes were unknown.
MUC6	decreased level	MUC6		MUC6 protein, human|Mucin-6	α1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase	A4GNT	N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases	diagnostic|prognostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	pancreatic cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	34808019	We previously reported that αGlcNAc expression decreases at early stages of neoplastic pancreatic lesions, followed by decreased MUC6 expression, although functional effects of these outcomes were unknown.
Neu5Acα2-8Neu5Acα2-8Neu5Acα (G81)	increased level	auto-IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		32816187	Neu5Acα2-8Neu5Acα2-8Neu5Acα (G81)-binding auto-IgG was higher in prostate cancer samples and, when levels of G81-binding auto-IgG and growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15 or NAG-1) were combined with levels of PSA, the prediction rate of prostate cancer increased from 78.2% to 86.2% than with PSA levels alone.
Lea	increased level							diagnostic	carcinomas	Neoplasms		Humans	colon|lung|breast|prostate|ovary		32789497	Lewis histo-blood group and related glycans are overexpressed on many carcinomas, including those of the colon, lung, breast, prostate and ovary, and can therefore be selectively targeted by mAbs.
Lex	increased level							diagnostic	carcinomas	Neoplasms		Humans	colon|lung|breast|prostate|ovary		32789497	Lewis histo-blood group and related glycans are overexpressed on many carcinomas, including those of the colon, lung, breast, prostate and ovary, and can therefore be selectively targeted by mAbs.
STn antigen	increased level	transferrin|bovine submaxillary mucin		|				diagnostic|monitoring	malignant tumors	Neoplasms		Humans	serum		24594592	The developed lectin-based biosensor was used to evaluate the STn-expression in serum samples and discriminate samples from healthy individuals and patients with different types of malignant tumors, mostly carcinomas, where the increased expression of STn aberrant glycans is well established.
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	Male infertility	Infertility, Male		Humans	Seminal plasma	Semen	35961531	Thus, this study aims to evaluate for the first time seminal plasma N-glycosylation as a biomarker of environmental exposure in semen samples from 82 normozoospermic men and 84 men with abnormal semen parameters and compare it with genome damage measured by DNA fragmentation.
extrinsic sialylation	unaltered level				ST6Gal-1		beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase		cancer			Mice			28717006	Despite association of the abundance of these extracellular sialyltransferases, particularly ST6Gal-1, with disease states such as cancer and a variety of inflammatory conditions, the prevalence of this extrinsic glycosylation pathway in vivo remains unknown.
extrinsic sialylation	unaltered level				ST6Gal-1		beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase		inflammatory conditions	Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome		Mice			28717006	Despite association of the abundance of these extracellular sialyltransferases, particularly ST6Gal-1, with disease states such as cancer and a variety of inflammatory conditions, the prevalence of this extrinsic glycosylation pathway in vivo remains unknown.
extrinsic sialylation	acquisition of structure								inflammatory challenges	Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome		Mice			28717006	However, extrinsic sialylation in the periphery could be triggered by inflammatory challenges, such as exposure to ionizing radiation or to bacterial lipopolysaccharides.
extrinsic sialylation	acquisition of structure								thrombosis	Thrombosis	FeCl3 model of mesenteric artery thrombosis	Mice	mesenteric artery	Mesenteric Arteries	28717006	Platelet activation was minimally sufficient to elicit extrinsic sialylation, as demonstrated with the FeCl3 model of mesenteric artery thrombosis.
Tn-antigen glycan	acquisition of structure	mucin proteins		Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate				response	cancer		synthetic cancer vaccines		cancer cells		23763610	Immunological studies indicated that these nanomaterials generated strong and long-lasting production of antibodies that are selective to the Tn-antigen glycan and cross-reactive toward mucin proteins displaying Tn.
O-glycan compositions (x:y:z = 4:2:2)	acquisition of structure	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A				diagnostic	IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans	serum		20091489	In these 6 O-glycan compositions, 3 compositions (x:y:z = 4:2:2, 3:1:1, 3:1:0) were only observed in IgAN patients and were absent in the 30 controls.
O-glycan compositions (x:y:z = 3:1:1)	acquisition of structure	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A				diagnostic	IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans	serum		20091489	In these 6 O-glycan compositions, 3 compositions (x:y:z = 4:2:2, 3:1:1, 3:1:0) were only observed in IgAN patients and were absent in the 30 controls.
O-glycan compositions (x:y:z = 3:1:0)	acquisition of structure	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A				diagnostic	IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans	serum		20091489	In these 6 O-glycan compositions, 3 compositions (x:y:z = 4:2:2, 3:1:1, 3:1:0) were only observed in IgAN patients and were absent in the 30 controls.
N-glycans	loss of structure	Env		env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans			36253376	To understand how SHMs correlate with BG24 neutralization of HIV-1, we report 4.1 Å and 3.4 Å single-particle cryo-EM structures of two inferred germline (iGL) BG24 precursors complexed with engineered Env-based immunogens lacking CD4bs N-glycans.
N276<sub>gp120</sub> glycan	acquisition of structure	Env		env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans			36253376	In addition, biochemical data and cryo-EM structures of BG24<sub>iGL</sub> variants bound to Envs with CD4bs glycans present provide insights into N-glycan accommodation, including structural modes of light chain adaptations in the presence of the N276<sub>gp120</sub> glycan.
trisialylated triantennary glycan containing alpha1,3-linked fucose	increased level	alpha1-acid glycoprotein|alpha1-antichymotrypsin|haptoglobin beta-chain		Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins				monitoring	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	serum		18818422	We observed a significant increase in a trisialylated triantennary glycan containing alpha1,3-linked fucose which forms part of the sialyl Lewis x epitope.
monogalactosylated triantennary structure containing alpha1,3-linked fucose	increased level	alpha1-acid glycoprotein|alpha1-antichymotrypsin|haptoglobin beta-chain		Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins				monitoring	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	serum		18818422	Following digestion of the total glycan pool with a combination of sialidase and beta-galactosidase, we segregated and quantified a digestion product, a monogalactosylated triantennary structure containing alpha1,3-linked fucose.
polysaccharide-based multi-ingredient supplement	altered level	Immunoglobulin A, Secretory		Immunoglobulin A, Secretory				response	immune response after strenuous exercise		Advanced Ambrotose© complex powder (AA)	Humans	Saliva	Saliva	30909945	We aimed to determine the impact of a standardized polysaccharide-based multi-ingredient supplement, Advanced Ambrotose© complex powder (AA) on salivary secretory Immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and pro- and anti-inflammatory protein levels before and after a marathon in non-elite runners.
simple glycans	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	benign ovarian tumor			Humans	ascites	Ascites	28471203	In patient with a benign tumor, more simple glycans with low m/z were increased while in the patient with a malignant tumor, higher, more complex glycans were increased.
complex glycans	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	malignant ovarian tumor	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	ascites	Ascites	28471203	In patient with a benign tumor, more simple glycans with low m/z were increased while in the patient with a malignant tumor, higher, more complex glycans were increased.
incompletely trimmed glycans	unaltered level	CD3 delta|TCR alpha		Receptor-CD3 Complex, Antigen, T-Cell|Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta								Mice	T lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	8621641	Calnexin specifically interacted with unassembled TCR alpha and CD3 delta proteins containing incompletely trimmed oligosaccharides.
high-mannose N-glycan	undetermined	CD2		CD2 Antigens					T cell adhesion			Human	T lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	7849022	This adhesion domain in human CD2 contains a single high-mannose N-glycan.
Fucosyl GM1	loss of structure	CLEC4F		CLEC4F protein, mouse					Listeriosis	Listeriosis		Mice	Kupffer cells	Kupffer Cells	23762286	While CLEC4F has strong binding to Gal and GalNAc, terminal fucosylation inhibits CLEC4F recognition to several glycans such as Fucosyl GM1, Globo H, Bb3∼4 and other fucosyl-glycans.
Globo H	loss of structure	CLEC4F		CLEC4F protein, mouse					Listeriosis	Listeriosis		Mice	Kupffer cells	Kupffer Cells	23762286	While CLEC4F has strong binding to Gal and GalNAc, terminal fucosylation inhibits CLEC4F recognition to several glycans such as Fucosyl GM1, Globo H, Bb3∼4 and other fucosyl-glycans.
N-linked glycans	loss of structure	gp160		HIV Envelope Protein gp160				response	HIV	HIV-1	immunization	guinea pigs			8673525	The aim of the present study was to explore the possibility to obtain a more broadly neutralizing immune response by immunizing guinea pigs with gp160 depleted of three N-linked glycans in the CD4-binding domain by site-directed mutagenesis.
sialic acid	acquisition of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|gp120 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1					HIV-1	HIV-1		Human	293F cells	Cell Line	20800070	Gp120 expressed in systems that do not incorporate sialic acid displayed increased ligand binding to the CD4 binding and CD4-induced sites compared to those expressed in the system that do, and imparted other more subtle differences in antigenicity in a gp120 subtype-specific manner.
sialic acid	loss of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|gp120 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1					HIV-1	HIV-1		Human	Sf9 cells	Cell Line	20800070	Non-sialic-acid-containing gp120 was significantly more immunogenic than the sialylated version when administered in two different adjuvants, and induced higher titers of antibodies competing for CD4 binding site ligand-gp120 interaction.
O-glycans	loss of structure	bovine LHβ gene							incapacity to extend serum half-life			Cattle			24239648	O-glycan deficiency and the associated incapacity to extend serum half-life is a major drawback of the boCTP.
receptor glycosylation	loss of structure	somatostatin receptors		Receptors, Somatostatin								CHO-K1 cells	CHO-K1 cells	CHO Cells	10398368	Bacteriophage displaying CTLA-4 with somatostatin in CDR3 (CTLA-4R-Som3) specifically bound somatostatin receptors on transfected CHO-K1 cells pre-incubated with 1 microg/ml tunicamycin to remove receptor glycosylation.
beta1,6GlcNAc-branched N-glycans	increased level				N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases Mgat1, -2, -4, and -5		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases	response	autoimmune diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Autoimmune	metabolic therapy	mouse	T cells	Th1 Cells	17488719	Hexosamine supplementation in vitro and in vivo also increases beta1,6GlcNAc-branched N-glycans in naïve mouse T cells and suppresses T cell receptor signaling, T cell proliferation, CTLA-4 endocytosis, T(H)1 differentiation, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, and autoimmune diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice.
beta1,6GlcNAc-branched N-glycans	increased level				N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases Mgat1, -2, -4, and -5		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases	response	experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis	Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental	metabolic therapy	mouse	T cells	Th1 Cells	17488719	Hexosamine supplementation in vitro and in vivo also increases beta1,6GlcNAc-branched N-glycans in naïve mouse T cells and suppresses T cell receptor signaling, T cell proliferation, CTLA-4 endocytosis, T(H)1 differentiation, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, and autoimmune diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice.
O-glycan-containing glycoform	acquisition of structure	CD52		CD52 Antigen|CD52 protein, human|Cd52 protein, rat					differences in glycosylation of rat and human CD52			Human|Rat	sperm	Spermatozoa	16266689	The relationship between this differential insertion and differences in glycosylation of rat and human CD52 is discussed.
sialylated keratan sulfate	unaltered level	aggrecan		Proteoglycans				response	allergic inflammation	Inflammation		human	trachea	Trachea	29924315	We conclude that sialylated KS proteoglycans are endogenous human airway ligands that bind Siglec-8 and may regulate allergic inflammation.
trisialylated triantennary structures	undetermined	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins								bovine			8900952	Two of the four major peaks were spiked with purified individual standards and were identified as trisialylated triantennary structures with different sialylation linkages.
tetrasialylated triantennary structures	undetermined	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins								bovine			8900952	The other two larger peaks were postulated to be tetrasialylated triantennary structures, based on calculations considering their corresponding glucose unit (GU) values.
Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen	undetermined							diagnostic	pancarcinoma			Lampreys			23782692	VLRs were recently shown to recognize glycans, such as the tumor-associated Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (TFα; Galβ1-3GalNAcα), with a selectivity rivaling or exceeding that of lectins and antibodies.
GalNAc Le(x) terminated N-glycans	unaltered level											mice	liver		11159926	Biodistribution and whole-body-autoradiography studies revealed that both GalNAc Le(x) terminated biantennary and triantennary oligosaccharides predominately targeted to the liver, which accumulated 72% and 79% of the dose 30 min after administration, respectively.
GalNAc terminated N-glycans	unaltered level											mice	liver		11159926	By comparison, GalNAc terminated biantennary and triantennary N-glycans accumulated in the liver with a targeting efficiency of 73% and 81%, respectively.
fucosylated glycans	increased level							diagnostic	healthy			Humans	plasma		19113831	Two fucosylated glycans were found to be up-regulated in healthy controls and provided an accurate diagnostic value with an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of 0.87.
fucosylated glycans	increased level							diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		19113831	However, these same glycans provided a significantly less diagnostic value when used to differentiate EOC from benign tumor control samples with an area under the curve of 0.73.
sialyl residues	loss of structure	TLR4		TLR4 protein, human|Toll-Like Receptor 4	neuraminidase	NEU1	NEU1 protein, human|Neuraminidase		LPS-mediated signaling			human	HEK293T cells	Humans|Cells, Cultured	22496731	We hypothesized that removal of negatively charged sialyl residues from glycans on the TLR4 complex would hasten the dimerization of TLR4 monomers required for signaling.
Tn antigen	increased level	CA125		CA-125 Antigen	C1GALT1		C1GALT1 protein, human	diagnostic	ovarian cancer			Human	HEK293 cells	HEK293 Cells	38382634	Recent reports suggest that detecting serum CA125 that carries the Tn antigen, a truncated O-glycan containing only N-acetylgalactosamine on serine or threonine residues, can improve the specificity of ovarian cancer diagnosis.
T antigen	decreased level	CA125		CA-125 Antigen	C1GALT1		C1GALT1 protein, human	diagnostic	ovarian cancer			Human	HEK293 cells	HEK293 Cells	38382634	In ClGALT1-SLC35A1-knockout (KO) cells, the expression of the Tn antigen showed a significant increase, whereas the expression of the T antigen (galactose-β1,3-N-acetylgalactosamine on serine or threonine residues) was decreased.
sialic acid	unaltered level	CD33-related Siglecs		Antigens, CD|Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic					innate immune response			Humans	leukocytes	Leukocytes	16997964	CD33-related Siglecs (CD33rSiglecs) are a family of Sia-binding lectins expressed on host leukocytes that engage host Sia-capped glycans and send signals that dampen inflammatory gene activation.
sialic acid	unaltered level	Siglec-5|Siglec-7|Siglec-9							innate immune response			Humans	neutrophils|monocytes		16997964	In this study, we applied a panel of immunologic and cell-based assays to demonstrate that GBS of several serotypes interacts in a Sia- and serotype-specific manner with certain human CD33rSiglecs, including hSiglec-9 and hSiglec-5 expressed on neutrophils and monocytes.
mucin 1 glycans	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	Cancer			Human	MCF-7 cell	MCF-7 Cells	31655930	A rolling-mediated cascade (RMC) amplification strategy is described for improved visualization of profiling glycans of mucin 1 (MUC 1) on cell surfaces.
	undetermined							diagnostic|predictive	Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure	Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure		Humans	CSF		21921530	[Glycan biomaker in CSF].
N-glycosylation patterns	altered level							diagnostic	cellular abnormalities			mouse	organs/tissues	Tissue Distribution	36280747	Given that the integrity of cell surface glycocalyx correlates significantly with maintenance of the cellular morphology and homeostatic immune functions, dynamic alterations of N-glycosylation patterns in the normal glycocalyx caused by cellular abnormalities may serve as highly sensitive and promising biomarkers.
N-glycosylation patterns	altered level							diagnostic	systemic lupus erythematosus	Mice, Inbred MRL lpr		mouse	lungs		36280747	A preliminary examination demonstrated that machine learning analysis of mouse lung N-glycome dataset by random forest algorithm allows for the discrimination of lungs among the different mouse strains such as the outbred mouse Slc:ddY, inbred mouse DBA/2Crslc, and systemic lupus erythematosus model mouse MRL-lpr/lpr with the highest F1 score (74.5-83.8%).
Lewis X	increased level				alpha(1,3)fucosyltransferase	Fut6B	Fucosyltransferases|3-galactosyl-N-acetylglucosaminide 4-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase		inflammation			Chinese hamster	LEC11B cells	CHO Cells	15525819	FUT gene activation increases the expression of cell surface oncofetal antigens such as Lewis X, sialyl-Le X and VIM-2.
Lewis X	increased level				alpha(1,3)fucosyltransferase	Fut6B	Fucosyltransferases|3-galactosyl-N-acetylglucosaminide 4-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase		cancer progression			Chinese hamster	LEC11B cells	CHO Cells	15525819	FUT gene activation increases the expression of cell surface oncofetal antigens such as Lewis X, sialyl-Le X and VIM-2.
Lewis X	increased level				alpha(1,3)fucosyltransferase	Fut6B	Fucosyltransferases|3-galactosyl-N-acetylglucosaminide 4-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase		tumor metastasis			Chinese hamster	LEC11B cells	CHO Cells	15525819	FUT gene activation increases the expression of cell surface oncofetal antigens such as Lewis X, sialyl-Le X and VIM-2.
N-glycosylation	altered level	pp63		acute-phase phosphoprotein pp63|alpha-Fetoproteins					Liver Neoplasms, Experimental	Liver Neoplasms, Experimental		Rats	FTO-2B rat hepatoma cell line	Rats|Tumor Cells, Cultured	7515065	Here, we demonstrate that IL-1 beta diminished markedly the pp63 production by affecting its mRNA transcription and that the cytokine was able to modify the N-glycosylation process of the protein.
N-acetylgalactosamine	increased level	immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				diagnostic|predictive	antiphospholipid syndrome	Antiphospholipid Syndrome		Humans	serum		38720518	Here, we show an increased immunoglobulin G-binding level of soybean agglutinin (p = 0.047, preferring N-acetylgalactosamine) in antiphospholipid syndrome patients compared with healthy and disease controls.
fucosylation	decreased level	immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				diagnostic|predictive	antiphospholipid syndrome	Antiphospholipid Syndrome		Humans	serum		38720518	Additionally, the immunoglobulin G from antiphospholipid syndrome patients diagnosed with pregnancy events had lower levels of fucosylation (p = 0.001, recognized by Lotus tetragonolobus) and sialylation (p = 0.030, recognized by Sambucus nigra I) than those with simple thrombotic events.
sialylation	decreased level	immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G|glycosylated IgG				diagnostic|predictive	antiphospholipid syndrome	Antiphospholipid Syndrome		Humans	serum		38720518	Additionally, the immunoglobulin G from antiphospholipid syndrome patients diagnosed with pregnancy events had lower levels of fucosylation (p = 0.001, recognized by Lotus tetragonolobus) and sialylation (p = 0.030, recognized by Sambucus nigra I) than those with simple thrombotic events.
glycosylation	acquisition of structure	DPP4		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4					Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus infection	Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus|Coronavirus Infections		Mus musculus	mouse DPP4		28747502	Previous work revealed that glycosylation of mouse DPP4 plays a role in blocking MERS-CoV infection.
glycosylation	acquisition of structure	DPP4		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4					Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus infection	Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus|Coronavirus Infections		Mustela putorius furo|Cricetinae|Cavia porcellus	ferret DPP4|hamster DPP4|guinea pig DPP4	Ferrets|Cricetinae|Guinea Pigs	28747502	Here, we tested whether glycosylation also acts as a determinant of permissivity for ferret, hamster, and guinea pig DPP4.
glycosylated hemoglobin	increased level	hemoglobin A1c protein, human		hemoglobin A1c protein, human				risk	coronary heart disease	Coronary Disease		Human			23312704	This study sought to investigate into the biologically plausible interaction between the common haptoglobin (Hp) polymorphism rs#72294371 and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) on risk of coronary heart disease (CHD).
6'-sulfo-sialyl Lewis X	altered level							diagnostic	various diseases						36191232	Sulfated glycans have been found to be associated with various diseases and therefore have significant potential in molecular pathology as biomarkers.
Lewis(x) epitope	acquisition of structure								parasitism in cattle			Dictyocaulus viviparus			10642614	Importantly, the most abundant antennae in the complex-type structures were shown to carry the Lewis(x)epitope (Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAc).
glycosylation	undetermined	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins					nonsmall cell lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		20146545	The binding of this mAb to the beta-chain of haptoglobin was also dependent on glycosylation on this chain.
N(6)-carboxymethyllysine	increased level								diabetic nephropathy	Diabetic Nephropathies		human	glomerular macrophages	Macrophages	11684555	Almost 50% of macrophages contained CML, and more than 40% of those were observed in exudative lesions, tuft adhesions, and at the periphery of KW nodules.
COG complex subunits	altered level							prognostic	Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Renal Cell		Humans	KIRC tissue	Kidney Neoplasms	34539936	Compared with normal counterparts, mRNA expression of six COG complex subunits was significantly downregulated in KIRC tissue in UALCAN database, while COG4 mRNA expression was significantly upregulated in KIRC tissue.
MUC1-N glycoform	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1	N-acetyl-galactosaminyl transferase-6	GALNT6		prognostic	epithelial-mesenchymal transition	Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition	adenoviral shRNA directed against N-acetyl-galactosaminyl transferase-6	human	bronchial epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	24838315	Similarly, inhibition of smoke-induced MUC1-N glycosylation using adenoviral shRNA directed against N-acetyl-galactosaminyl transferase-6 (GALNT6, an enzyme that controls the initiating step of O-glycosylation) successfully suppressed MUC1-C/p120ctn interaction, prevented E-cad degradation and maintained cellular polarity in response to smoke.
MUC1-C glycosylation	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				prognostic	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		human	bronchial epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	24838315	Smoke-induced MUC1-C glycosylation modulated MUC1-C tyrosine phosphorylation (TyrP) that was essential for MUC1-C/p120ctn interaction through dose-dependent bridging of Src/MUC1-C/galectin-3/EGFR signalosomes.
CD24	altered level	CD24 protein, human|Cd24a protein, mouse		CD24 protein, human|Cd24a protein, mouse				response	small-cell-lung-cancer	Carcinoma, Small Cell	SWAII-SPDB-dg.ricin A chain	mouse	SCLC cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8381397	The therapeutic efficacy of an immunotoxin, SWAII-SPDB-dg.ricin A chain, recognizing the leukocyte-differentiation antigen CD24, was evaluated against SCLC cell lines in tissue culture and in 2 nude-mouse models.
sialyl Lewis X (sLe(x)) tetrasaccharide	unaltered level	Integrins		Integrins				diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	24042097	Fluorescent sensors capable of recognizing cancer-associated glycans, such as sialyl Lewis X (sLe(x)) tetrasaccharide, have great potential for cancer diagnosis and therapy.
glycosylation of serum proteins	altered level	serum proteins		Blood Proteins					primary Sjögren's syndrome	Sjogren's Syndrome		Humans	serum		11247326	A significant increase in the total Con A reactivity of serum proteins was found in those patients expressing IL-2R and HLA-DR antigens on LSG specimens.
T-antigen	acquisition of structure								urinary bladder carcinoma	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		human	urinary bladder tumors	Urinary Bladder	1516058	Immunodetection with the T-specific reagents in nitrocellulose replicas of bladder tumor glycoproteins, separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, demonstrated tumor-specific T-antigen-bearing glycoproteins compared to normal urothelial glycoproteins.
T-like antigens	acquisition of structure								urinary bladder carcinoma	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		human	urinary bladder tumors	Urinary Bladder	1516058	T- and T-like antigens on glycoproteins and glycolipids were examined in extracts of human urinary bladder tumors and normal tissue by Western blot analysis and reagent binding to thin layer chromatograms.
fucosylated exosome	increased level							diagnostic	non-small cell lung cancer	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung		Humans	serum		38654325	Aberrant fucosylation observed in cancer cells contributes to an augmented release of fucosylated exosomes into the bloodstream, where miRNAs including miR-4732-3p hold promise as potential tumor biomarkers in our pilot study.
fucosylated exosome	decreased level							diagnostic	non-small cell lung cancer	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung		Humans	tissue		38654325	We enriched exosomes derived from NSCLC cells using the fucose-captured strategy and detected a significant upregulation of miR-4732-3p in fucosylated exosomes present in the serum, while its expression declined in NSCLC tissues.
terminal ⍺2,6-sialylation	increased level	EGFR		ErbB Receptors	ST6Gal1		Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human	response	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms	Cetuximab-based therapy	human	CRC cells	Humans	33847896	Mechanistically, CRC cells with increased ST6Gal1 expression and displaying terminal ⍺2,6-sialylation showed a marked resistance to Cetuximab-induced cytotoxicity.
Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi)	increased level							diagnostic	liver fibrosis	Liver Cirrhosis	nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs)	Humans	serum		29915243	Serum M2BPGi is a reliable non-invasive marker for diagnosing ≥F2, ≥F3 and F4.
Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi)	decreased level							monitoring	liver fibrosis	Liver Cirrhosis	nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs)	Humans	serum		29915243	In patient subgroups with serial liver biopsies, both the proportion of F3/F4 and M2BPGi decreased at 1 year (8.3% vs. 2.8% and 0.32 vs. 0.21 COI, respectively; both p < 0.001).
Glycosylation	undetermined								Carcinoma, Hepatocellular	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular					16502571	
Glycosylation	undetermined								Liver Neoplasms	Liver Neoplasms					16502571	
Glycosylation	undetermined	PROM1 protein, human		PROM1 protein, human				diagnostic	Pancreatic Neoplasms	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	Ascites	Ascites	30953194	Assessment of CD133-positive extracellular membrane vesicles in pancreatic cancer ascites and beyond.
glycosylated isoforms of alpha-1-antitrypsin	altered level	alpha-1-antitrypsin		SERPINA1 protein, human|alpha 1-Antitrypsin				diagnostic|predictive	chronic neuropathic pain	Neuralgia		Humans	Cerebrospinal fluid	Cerebrospinal fluid	30115020	Altered levels of fragments and/or glycosylated isoforms of alpha-1-antitrypsin might mirror pathophysiological processes in the spinal cord of neuropathic pain patients.
N-glycosylation	altered level	immunoglobulin gamma chains						diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		29232830	Whilst glycopeptide profiles largely paralleled those of their parent proteins, there was evidence of altered N-glycosylation site occupancy or sialic acid content prior to diagnosis for some proteins, most notably of immunoglobulin gamma chains.
N-glycosylation	altered level	α-1-Antitrypsin		SERPINA1 protein, human|alpha 1-Antitrypsin				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		29232830	α-1-Antitrypsin was tested as a biomarker, but found not to complement carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) in early detection of cancer.
glycosylated structure	increased level	NaCl cotransporter		SLC12A3 protein, human|Solute Carrier Family 12, Member 3				response	essential hypertension	Hypertension	hydrochlorothiazide treatment	human	urinary extracellular vesicles	Extracellular Vesicles	28274929	Our results show that NCC detected in human uEVs has a glycosylated and oligomeric structure, comparable to NCC present in human kidney membrane fractions.
core-fucosylated Hsp90	acquisition of structure	Hsp90			FUT8			prognostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	HCC cells	Cell Line, Tumor	35504805	Upregulation of FUT8 showed closely correlation with HCC progression. Core-fucosylation of Hsp90 stabilized MUC1 binding to the downstream p-STAT3, which involved in the activation of JAK1/STAT3 cascade.
tetrasaccharide-core O-linked carbohydrate moieties	acquisition of structure	hCG		Chorionic Gonadotropin|Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human|glycosylated HCG				diagnostic	choriocarcinoma	Choriocarcinoma		Human	urine		10451222	This hCG isoform was not only 100% nicked, but also contained 100% tetrasaccharide-core O-linked carbohydrate moieties in its beta COOH-terminal region.
tetrasaccharide-core O-linked carbohydrate moieties	acquisition of structure	hCG		Chorionic Gonadotropin|Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human|glycosylated HCG				diagnostic	disorders of pregnancy	Pregnancy		Human	urine		10451222	This hCG isoform appears to be more prevalent in the urine of patients with certain malignancies and possibly in some disorders of pregnancy.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	MUC2		MUC2 protein, human|Mucin-2					colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	colorectal cancer cell line, LS180	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9535776	A synthetic peptide corresponding to the human MUC2 tandem repeat domain containing 14 Thr residues was glycosylated in vitro using UDP-GalNAc and microsomal membranes of the colorectal cancer cell line, LS180.
Tn	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1	T synthase			prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast carcinoma	Breast Neoplasms	25951175	We show that the majority of breast cancers carry Tn within the same cell and in close proximity to extended glycan T (Galβ1,3GalNAc) the addition of Gal to the GalNAc being catalysed by the T synthase.
STn	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast carcinoma	Breast Neoplasms	25951175	Tumour associated STn is associated with poor prognosis and resistance to chemotherapy in breast carcinomas, inhibition of DC maturation, DC apoptosis and inhibition of NK activity.
core 2 O-glycans	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	colon mucosa	Epithelium	35832079	From those, six core 2 O-glycans were exclusively found in more than 33% of the cancers, carrying the terminal (sialyl-)LewisX/A antigen.
core 3 O-glycans	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	healthy colon mucosa			Humans	colon mucosa	Epithelium	35832079	In contrast, normal colon mucosa predominantly expressed core 3 O-glycans, carrying α2-6-linked sialylation, (sulfo-)LewisX/A and Sda antigens.
high mannose	unaltered level	SIGNR3		SIGNR3 protein, mouse					bacterial and fungal pathogens			mouse			16682406	Results from screening of a glycan array demonstrate that only mouse SIGNR3 shares with human DC-SIGN the ability to bind both high mannose and fucose-terminated glycans in this format and to mediate endocytosis.
fucose-terminated glycans	unaltered level	SIGNR3		SIGNR3 protein, mouse					bacterial and fungal pathogens			mouse			16682406	Results from screening of a glycan array demonstrate that only mouse SIGNR3 shares with human DC-SIGN the ability to bind both high mannose and fucose-terminated glycans in this format and to mediate endocytosis.
6-sulfo-sialyl Lewis(x) oligosaccharide	unaltered level	SIGNR7							bacterial and fungal pathogens			mouse			16682406	The data also reveal that two of the mouse SIGNs have unusual binding specificities that have not been previously described for members of the C-type lectin family; the newly identified SIGNR7 binds preferentially to the 6-sulfo-sialyl Lewis(x) oligosaccharide, whereas SIGNR2 binds almost exclusively to glycans that bear terminal GlcNAc residues.
glycans that bear terminal GlcNAc residues	unaltered level	SIGNR2							bacterial and fungal pathogens			mouse			16682406	The data also reveal that two of the mouse SIGNs have unusual binding specificities that have not been previously described for members of the C-type lectin family; the newly identified SIGNR7 binds preferentially to the 6-sulfo-sialyl Lewis(x) oligosaccharide, whereas SIGNR2 binds almost exclusively to glycans that bear terminal GlcNAc residues.
N-glycans	increased level				sialyltransferases		Sialyltransferases		proliferative diabetic retinopathy	Diabetic Retinopathy		Humans	vitreous fluid	Vitreous Body	26258617	Amount of N-glycans in the vitreous fluid of the PDR group was significantly higher than that of the non-DM group (495.5 ± 37.4 vs. 142.7 ± 30.8 pmol/100 μg protein, P < 0.005), whereas there was no significant difference in the plasma samples between the PDR and the non-DM group.
sialylated N-glycans	increased level				sialyltransferases		Sialyltransferases		proliferative diabetic retinopathy	Diabetic Retinopathy		Humans	vitreous fluid	Vitreous Body	26258617	In addition, profile analysis showed that N-glycans with sialic acids increased in the vitreous of the PDR group (328.4 ± 25.8 pmol/100 μg protein) compared to the non-DM group (92.1 ± 21.2 pmol/100 μg protein, P < 0.0005).
N-glycosylation site	loss of structure	HIV-1 gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV infection	HIV-1	Pradimicin A	Humans	CEM cell cultures	Cell Line	17050611	Upon prolonged exposure of HIV-1-infected CEM cell cultures, PRM-A drug pressure selects for mutant HIV-1 strains containing N-glycosylation site deletions in gp120 but not gp41.
biantennary glycans	acquisition of structure	C-CAM		Cell Adhesion Molecules					tumor			Rat	liver	Liver	10460831	Sialylation of the sugars was found to be unusual; bi- and triantennary glycans contained three and four sialic acid residues, respectively, and this linkage seemed to be restricted to the type I chain in the antennae.
triantennary glycans	acquisition of structure	C-CAM		Cell Adhesion Molecules					tumor			Rat	liver	Liver	10460831	Sialylation of the sugars was found to be unusual; bi- and triantennary glycans contained three and four sialic acid residues, respectively, and this linkage seemed to be restricted to the type I chain in the antennae.
N-glycan	altered level	serum proteins						diagnostic	Major Depressive Disorder	Depressive Disorder, Major		Humans	serum		29529546	Compared to controls, MDD patients showed significant differences in the serum levels of several N-glycan structures.
	undetermined							diagnostic|monitoring							20143869	This approach not only reduces the amount of manual refinement required to export data into a suitable format for data analysis but also opens the field to new approaches for high-throughput data interpretation and storage, including biomarker discovery and validation and monitoring of online bioprocessing conditions for next generation biotherapeutics.
serum N-glycans	altered level							predictive|diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	serum		32522092	While changes in serum N-glycans have been observed as patients progress from liver fibrosis/cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the predictive performance of N-glycans is yet to be determined for HCC early diagnosis as well as differential diagnosis from liver fibrosis/cirrhosis.
serum N-glycans	altered level							predictive|diagnostic	liver fibrosis/cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		32522092	While changes in serum N-glycans have been observed as patients progress from liver fibrosis/cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the predictive performance of N-glycans is yet to be determined for HCC early diagnosis as well as differential diagnosis from liver fibrosis/cirrhosis.
fucosylated glycans	increased level	prostate-specific antigen|prostatic acid phosphatase|glycodelin|chorionic gonadotropin|Fibronectin|α1-acid glycoprotein|α1-antitrypsin|immunoglobulin G|antithrombin III		|Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins					subfertility	Infertility, Male		Humans	seminal plasma	Semen	25248658	It was found that the content, and especially the density of fucosylated glycans, were higher in glycoproteins present in seminal plasma of subfertile men.
O-glycans	unaltered level	neutrophil gelatinase B|secretory IgA		Matrix Metalloproteinase 9|Immunoglobulin A, Secretory								Humans	neutrophil|secretory IgA		11969191	This approach was then applied to human neutrophil gelatinase B and secretory IgA, where 18 and 25 O-glycans were identified, respectively, and the parameters of these glycans were added to the database.
N-glycan	altered level							diagnostic|predictive	renal cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Renal Cell|Kidney Neoplasms		human	serum		24140550	In this study we identified alterations in serum N-glycans associated with renal cell carcinoma.
N-glycan	increased level							diagnostic	renal cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Renal Cell|Kidney Neoplasms		human	serum		24140550	Peaks 40 and 43 were significantly more intense in patients than in volunteers.
N-glycan	increased level							prognostic	renal cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Renal Cell|Kidney Neoplasms		human	serum		24140550	Peak 19 intensity was significantly higher and peak 49 intensity was significantly lower in patients with renal cell carcinoma who survived for a longer period.
N-glycan	decreased level							prognostic	renal cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Renal Cell|Kidney Neoplasms		human	serum		24140550	Peak 19 intensity was significantly higher and peak 49 intensity was significantly lower in patients with renal cell carcinoma who survived for a longer period.
sialyl-Tn	unaltered level							diagnostic	cancer			Humans			30018351	Here, we developed a generalizable approach employing high-throughput techniques for characterizing the structure and specificity of such mAbs, and applied it to the mAb TKH2 developed against the tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen sialyl-Tn (STn).
Thomsen-Friedenreich disaccharide	increased level								cancer	Neoplasms			epithelial tumour cells		16033536	Epithelial tumour cells typically show overexpression of the uncovered Gal(beta)1-3GalNAc(alpha)-O-Ser/Thr (Core 1) structure, known as the T antigen or the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen, the oligosaccharide chain of which is called the Thomsen-Friedenreich disaccharide (TFD).
sialylated core 1 glycans	acquisition of structure				ST3Gal-I		Sialyltransferases|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase	risk	breast cancer			Mice	mammary gland	Mammary Glands, Animal	20534593	The sialyltransferase ST3Gal-I adds sialic acid to the galactose residue of core 1 (Galbeta1,3GalNAc) O-glycans and this enzyme is over-expressed in breast cancer resulting in the expression of sialylated core 1 glycans.
Lactosylceramide	increased level							diagnostic	Lupus nephritis	Lupus Nephritis		Human	urine		38003679	All major LacCers species were significantly elevated and differences between LN and HC were more pronounced in males.
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	Lupus nephritis	Lupus Nephritis		Human	urine		38003679	72 individual N-glycans were altered in LN compared to HC and three N-glycans were significantly different between the sexes.
GalNAc O-glycosylation	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				response	cancer	Neoplasms	immunotherapy	mice	dendritic cells	Cell Line	23189185	Aberrant glycosylation of mucins and other extracellular proteins is an important event in carcinogenesis and the resulting cancer associated glycans have been suggested as targets in cancer immunotherapy.
Lewis X	altered level	CD11b/CD18		CD11b Antigen|CD18 Antigens				response	inflammatory bowel disease			human	neutrophils	Neutrophils	31907993	Previous studies have demonstrated that targeting of the N-linked glycan Lewis X on CD11b blocks PMN transepithelial migration (TEpM).
high Mannose oligosaccharides	altered level	CD11b/CD18		CD11b Antigen|CD18 Antigens				response	chronic inflammatory diseases			human	neutrophils	Neutrophils	31907993	Unusual glycan epitopes identified on CD11b/CD18 included high Mannose oligosaccharides recognized by the Galanthus Nivalis lectin and biantennary galactosylated N-glycans recognized by the Phaseolus Vulgaris erythroagglutinin lectin.
biantennary galactosylated N-glycans	altered level	CD11b/CD18		CD11b Antigen|CD18 Antigens				response	chronic inflammatory diseases			human	neutrophils	Neutrophils	31907993	Unusual glycan epitopes identified on CD11b/CD18 included high Mannose oligosaccharides recognized by the Galanthus Nivalis lectin and biantennary galactosylated N-glycans recognized by the Phaseolus Vulgaris erythroagglutinin lectin.
Lewis X	unaltered level	lactadherin		Milk Proteins					oviduct binding			Swine	spermatozoa	Spermatozoa	28296340	A second sulfated Lewis X-binding protein identified was the peripheral membrane protein lactadherin (also known as P47, SED1 and MFG-E8 in different species).
N-linked high-mannose oligosaccharides	unaltered level	pre-integrin beta 1		Integrin beta1									cytosol		12140560	Pre-integrin beta 1 is a target of Fbx2; these two proteins interact in the cytosol after inhibition of the proteasome.
Globo H	increased level							diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		18689688	It was shown that the amount of antibodies against Globo H from breast cancer patients were significantly higher than normal blood donors, providing a new tool for possible breast cancer diagnosis.
N-glycans	increased level	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins								bovine			9821266	Using this method, it was found that 92.8% of N-glycans in bovine fetuin is sialylated and that the ratio of alpha-(2-->6) versus alpha-(2-->3) sialyl linkages was 31:19.
sialyl-Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	mucin		Mucins					carcinoma			Trypanosoma cruzi	epimastigotes		14652017	We report that the mucin-type carcinoma-associated sialyl-Tn antigen (NeuAc-GalNAc-O-Ser/Thr) is expressed by T. cruzi.
Lewis(x) (Le(x))	undetermined	CEACAM1		CD66 antigens	Fucosyltransferase IX		FUT9 protein, human		colorectal carcinomas	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	malignant tumours	Colorectal Neoplasms|Skin Neoplasms	20034698	Le(x)-carrying CEACAMs may modulate the immune response in normal tissues such as the human placenta or in malignant tumours, for example in colorectal, pancreatic or lung carcinomas.
Lewis(x) (Le(x))	undetermined	CEACAM1		CD66 antigens	Fucosyltransferase IX		FUT9 protein, human		pancreatic carcinomas			human	malignant tumours	Colorectal Neoplasms|Skin Neoplasms	20034698	Le(x)-carrying CEACAMs may modulate the immune response in normal tissues such as the human placenta or in malignant tumours, for example in colorectal, pancreatic or lung carcinomas.
Lewis(x) (Le(x))	undetermined	CEACAM1		CD66 antigens	Fucosyltransferase IX		FUT9 protein, human		lung carcinomas			human	malignant tumours	Colorectal Neoplasms|Skin Neoplasms	20034698	Le(x)-carrying CEACAMs may modulate the immune response in normal tissues such as the human placenta or in malignant tumours, for example in colorectal, pancreatic or lung carcinomas.
Lewis(x) (Le(x))	undetermined	CEA		Carcinoembryonic Antigen	Fucosyltransferase IX		FUT9 protein, human		colorectal carcinomas	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	malignant tumours	Colorectal Neoplasms|Skin Neoplasms	20034698	Le(x)-carrying CEACAMs may modulate the immune response in normal tissues such as the human placenta or in malignant tumours, for example in colorectal, pancreatic or lung carcinomas.
Lewis(x) (Le(x))	undetermined	CEA		Carcinoembryonic Antigen	Fucosyltransferase IX		FUT9 protein, human		pancreatic carcinomas			human	malignant tumours	Colorectal Neoplasms|Skin Neoplasms	20034698	Le(x)-carrying CEACAMs may modulate the immune response in normal tissues such as the human placenta or in malignant tumours, for example in colorectal, pancreatic or lung carcinomas.
Lewis(x) (Le(x))	undetermined	CEA		Carcinoembryonic Antigen	Fucosyltransferase IX		FUT9 protein, human		lung carcinomas			human	malignant tumours	Colorectal Neoplasms|Skin Neoplasms	20034698	Le(x)-carrying CEACAMs may modulate the immune response in normal tissues such as the human placenta or in malignant tumours, for example in colorectal, pancreatic or lung carcinomas.
sialic acid	altered level	CD8		CD8 Antigens					T cell activation	Lymphocyte Activation		Mice	T cells	CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	16263755	Finally, we show that enzymatic desialylation restores much of the multimer binding on activated T cells, suggesting that altered glycosylation may inhibit TCR/CD8 binding to peptide/MHC ligands.
gp93/SIRPalpha	decreased level	SIRPalpha		Sirpa protein, rat					differential glycosylation	Glycosylation		rat	brain	Brain Chemistry	12807424	Together with our previous results, the data also demonstrate that, in rat brain, gp93/SIRPalpha heterogeneity is the result of differential glycosylation (plus phosphorylation), rather than sequence heterogeneity.
glycosylated FAP	acquisition of structure	fibroblast activation protein		fibroblast activation protein alpha								Humans	insect cells	Animals	11858723	Two isoforms of FAP, glycosylated and nonglycosylated, were identified by Western blotting using an anti-His-tag antibody and separated by lectin chromatography.
alpha3-fucosylation	increased level	alpha1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic	Type I diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1		Humans	blood		11602810	The glycosylation of AGP, studied by crossed affinity immunoelectrophoresis (CAIE) and high pH anion exchange chromatography with pulse amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD), showed an increase in alpha3-fucosylation.
alpha3-fucosylation	increased level	alpha1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic	vascular complications in Type I diabetes	Diabetic Angiopathies		Humans	blood		11602810	Therefore, the increased alpha3-fucosylation of AGP can be used as an additional marker for the development of vascular complications in Type I diabetic patients.
O-glycosidic linkages	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					breast cancer			Humans	breast		7985536	Molecular analysis of a protein highly expressed in human breast cancer, indicates the presence of a polymorphic tandem repeat domain that encodes a conserved 20 amino acid repeat motif rich in serine and threonine residues that in the mature protein, designated MUC1, are linked via O-glycosidic linkages to sugar residues.
membrane glycoproteins	altered level								abnormal biosynthesis			pig	enterocyte		1684104	The abnormal biosynthesis of membrane glycoproteins affected both the morphology and the function of the Golgi complex as well as the microvillar membrane.
membrane glycoproteins	altered level								defective glycosylation			pig	enterocyte		1684104	The microvilli of the brush-border membrane were markedly shortened (by about 40%) in the presence of fructose, and incorporation of newly made actin into the microvillar cytoskeleton was similarly decreased.
N-glycosylated form of synaptophysin	loss of structure	synaptophysin		Synaptophysin									nonneuroendocrine cells		2478297	A non-N-glycosylated form of SY generated by site-directed mutagenesis showed the same behavior and specific distribution in small vesicles.
glycosylation	altered level				GLT8D2		GLT8D2 protein, human	prognostic|predictive	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms	immunotherapy	Humans	Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes	Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating	38840920	Finally, we employed immunohistochemistry and Multiplex Immunohistochemical to discover that GLT8D2 serves as a valuable prognostic biomarker in GC and is closely associated with macrophage-related markers.
sialyl Lewis-X	acquisition of structure	CAR T-cells		Receptors, Chimeric Antigen				response	hematologic malignancies		CAR T-cell immunotherapy	human	CAR T-cells	T-Lymphocytes	31628196	Importantly, following intravascular administration into mice, fucosylated human CAR-T cells infiltrate marrow with 10-fold higher efficiency than do unfucosylated cells.
sialyl Lewis-X	acquisition of structure	CAR T-cells		Receptors, Chimeric Antigen				response	non-hematologic malignancies		CAR T-cell immunotherapy	human	CAR T-cells	T-Lymphocytes	31628196	Importantly, following intravascular administration into mice, fucosylated human CAR-T cells infiltrate marrow with 10-fold higher efficiency than do unfucosylated cells.
Tn antigen	decreased level							response	leukemia	Leukemia		Humans	Jurkat cells	Jurkat Cells	30626136	Finally, upon treatment of Jurkat cells with benzyl-GalNAc, an O-glycosylation inhibitor, a decrease in Tn antigen expression associating with a reduced Morniga-G toxicity, was observed.
sialyl Lewis x	decreased level	epidermal growth factor receptor		ErbB Receptors	alpha-1,3-fucosyltransferase	FucT-IV	Fucosyltransferases	diagnostic	asthma			human	airway epithelium		20447077	An immunohistochemical analysis of human normal and asthmatic airways showed a significant reduction in sLe(x) and tyrosine-phosphorylated EGFR (pY(845)-EGFR) in the epithelium of asthmatic subjects compared with that of normal subjects.
MGAT5	altered level				N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		Multiple Sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis		Humans	central nervous system		20117844	Two markers within MGAT5, a gene coding for a glycosylation enzyme, were found to be significantly associated with outcome in the screening as well as in an independent population (combined p-values: 2.8 x 10(-6) and 1.5 x 10(-7)).
EMMPRIN	increased level	EMMPRIN		Basigin				diagnostic|prognostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	prostate cancer tissues and cells	Prostatic Neoplasms|Cell Line, Tumor	18273614	We investigated EMMPRIN expression in human prostate cancer (CaP) tissues and cells, and evaluated whether EMMPRIN expression is related to tumor progression and matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) expression in human CaP.
sLex glycopolymers	altered level	L-Selectin		L-Selectin					inflammatory cell recruitment						16028900	An L-selectin antagonist was identified that exhibits 103-fold greater activity than other multivalent sLex glycopolymers and 20-50 times greater potency than other linear heparinoids.
GM3	increased level	alpha 5 beta 1 integrin receptor		Receptors, Fibronectin					Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental	Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental		Mouse	FUA169 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8420989	Several lines of evidence indicate that adhesion of FUA169 cells to FN requires the presence of GM3, which supports the function of integrin receptor.
Lactosylceramide	decreased level	alpha 5 beta 1 integrin receptor		Receptors, Fibronectin					Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental	Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental		Mouse	FUA169 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8420989	Mouse mammary carcinoma mutant cell line FUA169, characterized by high GM3 ganglioside content, was established from parent cell line FM3A/F28-7, which has high lactosyl ceramide (LacCer) content but no GM3.
fucosylated triantennary glycans	decreased ratio	plasma proteins						diagnostic	HNF1A-MODY			human	plasma		23274891	The DG9-glycan index, which is the ratio of fucosylated to nonfucosylated triantennary glycans, provided optimum discrimination in the pilot study and was examined further among additional subjects with HNF1A-MODY (n = 188), glucokinase (GCK)-MODY (n = 118), hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-α (HNF4A)-MODY (n = 40), type 1 diabetes (n = 98), type 2 diabetes (n = 167), and nondiabetic controls (n = 98).
fucosylated triantennary glycans	decreased ratio	plasma proteins						diagnostic	type 1 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1		human	plasma		23274891	The DG9-glycan index was markedly lower in HNF1A-MODY than in controls or other diabetes subtypes, offered good discrimination between HNF1A-MODY and both type 1 and type 2 diabetes (C statistic ≥ 0.90), and enabled us to detect three previously undetected HNF1A mutations in patients with diabetes.
fucosylated triantennary glycans	decreased ratio	plasma proteins						diagnostic	type 2 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		human	plasma		23274891	The DG9-glycan index was markedly lower in HNF1A-MODY than in controls or other diabetes subtypes, offered good discrimination between HNF1A-MODY and both type 1 and type 2 diabetes (C statistic ≥ 0.90), and enabled us to detect three previously undetected HNF1A mutations in patients with diabetes.
alpha2,3-linked sialic acid residues	increased level				ST-Siase(2,3)		Neuraminidase		immune senescence			mouse	T cells	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes|CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	16805789	Parallel lectin-binding experiments showed that removal of alpha2,3-linked sialic acid residues vulnerable to PNGase F and ST-Siase(2,3) was also greater in old than in young T cells.
N-linked glycans	increased level				PNGase F		Peptide-N4-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl) Asparagine Amidase		immune senescence			mouse	T cells	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes|CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	16805789	Parallel lectin-binding experiments showed that removal of alpha2,3-linked sialic acid residues vulnerable to PNGase F and ST-Siase(2,3) was also greater in old than in young T cells.
fully glycosylated forms of MUC1	increased level	Mucin-1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					multiple myeloma	Multiple Myeloma		Humans	plasma cells		17010104	Seventy-three per cent of the MM patients had plasma cells that expressed the fully glycosylated forms of MUC1.
differentiation-dependent and cancer-associated glycoforms of MUC1	increased level	Mucin-1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					multiple myeloma	Multiple Myeloma		Humans	tumour cells		17010104	In contrast to controls, normal bone marrow cells and AML cells, the differentiation-dependent and cancer-associated glycoforms of MUC1 were present on 59% and 36% MM tumour cells respectively.
poly-N-acetyllactosaminyl side chains with branched galactose residues	increased level	lamp-1|lamp-2		Lysosomal Membrane Proteins|Lysosomal Membrane Proteins				risk	highly metastatic colon carcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		human	colon carcinoma cells	Colonic Neoplasms	1544942	First, the highly metastatic carcinoma cells express more poly-N-acetyllactosaminyl side chains with branched galactose residues than cells with low metastatic potential.
sialylation	increased level	lamp-1|lamp-2		Lysosomal Membrane Proteins|Lysosomal Membrane Proteins	sialyltransferase		Hexosyltransferases	risk	highly metastatic colon carcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		human	colon carcinoma cells	Colonic Neoplasms	1544942	Second, sialylation is more significant in the highly metastatic carcinoma cells than in the poorly metastatic ones.
N-acetyllactosamine units	decreased level	lamp-1|lamp-2		Lysosomal Membrane Proteins|Lysosomal Membrane Proteins	alpha 1----3 fucosyltransferase		Hexosyltransferases	risk	highly metastatic colon carcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		human	colon carcinoma cells	Colonic Neoplasms	1544942	Conversely, N-acetyllactosamine units are less fucosylated in the highly metastatic cells than in poorly metastatic cells.
sialyl Lex structures	increased level	lamp-1|lamp-2		Lysosomal Membrane Proteins|Lysosomal Membrane Proteins	sialyltransferase		Hexosyltransferases	risk	highly metastatic colon carcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		human	colon carcinoma cells	Colonic Neoplasms	1544942	The results also suggest that highly metastatic carcinoma cells express more sialyl Lex structures at the termini of poly-N-acetyllactosaminyl side chains than poorly metastatic carcinoma cells.
Asn-linked core oligosaccharide	acquisition of structure	Kex2 protein		KEX2 protein, S cerevisiae								Saccharomyces cerevisiae		Saccharomyces cerevisiae	1918142	Kex2 protein is initially synthesized as a prepro-enzyme that undergoes cotranslational signal peptide cleavage and addition of Asn-linked core oligosaccharide and Ser/Thr-linked mannose in the ER.
Ser/Thr-linked mannose	acquisition of structure	Kex2 protein		KEX2 protein, S cerevisiae								Saccharomyces cerevisiae		Saccharomyces cerevisiae	1918142	Kex2 protein is initially synthesized as a prepro-enzyme that undergoes cotranslational signal peptide cleavage and addition of Asn-linked core oligosaccharide and Ser/Thr-linked mannose in the ER.
sialic acid	loss of structure	leukosialin		Leukosialin|SPN protein, human|Sialoglycoproteins|Spn protein, rat	neuraminidase				T lymphocyte antigenicity			rat	T lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	1706994	The antigenicity of rat leukosialin has been studied using nine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) whose binding is differentially affected by the cell type on which leukosialin is expressed and by the removal of sialic acid.
asparagine-linked oligosaccharides	loss of structure	human chorionic gonadotropin alpha subunit		Glycoprotein Hormones, alpha Subunit								Chinese hamster	ovary cells	Cell Line	2452167	Loss of the oligosaccharide at position 78 causes the mutant subunit to be degraded quickly and less than 20% is secreted.
asparagine-linked oligosaccharides	loss of structure	human chorionic gonadotropin alpha subunit		Glycoprotein Hormones, alpha Subunit								Chinese hamster	ovary cells	Cell Line	2452167	Absence of carbohydrate at asparagine 52 does not perturb the stability or transport of the alpha subunit but does affect dimer secretion; under conditions where this mutant or hCG beta was in excess, less than 30% is secreted in the form of a dimer.
fucosylation	unaltered level	Antibodies		Antibodies, Monoclonal				predictive	tumor		immunotherapies	Humans	NK cells	Killer Cells, Natural	31748349	We demonstrate that the magnitude of NK cell-mediated ADCC responses is predominantly influenced by Ag density and Ab fucosylation.
sialic acid	unaltered level	target cell membrane						predictive	tumor		immunotherapies	Humans	NK cells	Killer Cells, Natural	31748349	In addition, we identified the sialic acid content of the target cell membrane as an important inhibitory factor for ADCC.
Oligosaccharides	undetermined			Oligosaccharides					Neoplasm Metastasis	Neoplasm Metastasis					18684055	
Oligosaccharides	undetermined			Oligosaccharides	N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		Neoplasm Metastasis	Neoplasm Metastasis					18684055	
beta-amyloid precursor protein	decreased level			Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor					Alzheimer's disease		melatonin	mammals	PC12 cells	Cell Line	10231726	In PC12 cells, levels of the fully matured beta APP forms of the post-Golgi compartment were more drastically decreased than the unglycosylated beta APP of the endoplasmic-reticulum (ER) forms.
beta-amyloid precursor protein	unaltered level			Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor					Alzheimer's disease		melatonin	mammals	other cell types		10231726	In other cell types, the unglycosylated ER-bound beta APP derivatives are predominant forms that were marginally affected by melatonin treatment.
Fc gamma RIIb2 glycosylation	undetermined	Fc gamma RIIb2		Fc gamma receptor IIB					Pregnancy	Pregnancy		Humans	placental villus endothelium	Chorionic Villi|Endothelium, Vascular	11238632	These experiments showed that the Fc gamma RII expressed in villus endothelium was the b2 isoform whose cytoplasmic tail is known to include a phosphotyrosyl-based motif that inhibits a variety of immune responses.
N-link glycosylation	decreased level	PD-L1		B7-H1 Antigen|CD274 protein, human	ALG3		Mannosyltransferases	prognostic|response	triple-negative breast cancer	Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms	anti-PD-1 therapy	human	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	39116492	The expression level of PD-L1 protein was not affected by ALG3 level, but the glycosylation level was significantly decreased in tumor.
CD133 glycosylation	altered level	CD133		PROM1 protein, human				diagnostic	Colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Human	Cancer stem cells	Neoplastic Stem Cells	20068153	Intriguingly, we observed that detection of the AC133 epitope on the cell surface decreased upon differentiation of CSC in a manner that correlated with loss of clonogenicity.
CD166	decreased level	CD166		ALCAM protein, human					clear cell renal cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Renal Cell|Kidney Neoplasms		human	renal tissues	Kidney Neoplasms	19337990	Western blotting confirmed these changes and also revealed VHL-dependent alterations in protein form for CD147 and CD166, which in the case of CD166 was shown to be due to differential glycosylation.
CD147	decreased level	CD147		Basigin					clear cell renal cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Renal Cell|Kidney Neoplasms		human	renal tissues	Kidney Neoplasms	19337990	Western blotting confirmed these changes and also revealed VHL-dependent alterations in protein form for CD147 and CD166, which in the case of CD166 was shown to be due to differential glycosylation.
glycosylation	altered level			Glycoproteins				diagnostic	high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma	Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous|Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	ovarian tumor	Ovarian Neoplasms	33086064	Integration of the expression data from global proteomics and glycoproteomics reveals tumor-specific glycosylation, uncovers different glycosylation associated with three tumor clusters, and identifies glycosylation enzymes that were correlated with the altered glycosylation.
glycosylation	unaltered level			Glycoproteins				diagnostic	non-tumor tissues			Humans	non-tumor tissue	Tissue Banks	33086064	Here, we perform an integrated proteomic and glycoproteomic analysis of 83 prospectively collected high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSC) and 23 non-tumor tissues.
Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer	decreased level	Mac-2-binding protein		LGALS3BP protein, human				predictive	Esophagogastric varices	Esophageal and Gastric Varices	direct-acting antivirals	Humans	serum		32444247	M2BPGi levels decreased during DAA treatment regardless of EGV development, but there was no significant difference in the reduction of M2BPGi among the EGV-improvement, EGV-invariant, and EGV-exacerbation groups (p=0.659).
fucosylated GP73	increased level	GP73		GOLM1 protein, human				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	serum		30238841	The median serum Fuc-GP73 level of hepatocellular carcinoma (20.4 μg/L) was much higher than that of ODSD patients (1.8 μg/L) and the normal controls group (0.3 μg/L), significantly ( P <0.01).
MHC-I molecules	unaltered level	MHC-I heavy chains							T cell activation			human	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	15471856	Biochemical analysis showed that misfolded MHC-I molecules present at the cell surface are fully glycosylated mature molecules.
glycated CD59	increased level	CD59		CD59 Antigens				risk	diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus		human	kidneys|nerves|erythrocytes	Kidney Transplantation||	15448097	We report here 1) the generation and characterization of an anti-glycated human CD59 (hCD59) specific antibody, 2) the detection with this antibody of glycated hCD59 colocalized with MAC in kidneys and nerves from diabetic but not from nondiabetic subjects, and 3) a significantly reduced activity of hCD59 in erythrocytes from diabetic subjects, a finding consistent with glycation inactivation of hCD59 in vivo.
N-glycosylation	altered level	CD97		ADGRE5 protein, human					gastrointestinal tumors	Colonic Neoplasms		human	gastrointestinal tumor cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	15386373	Differences were apparent in gastrointestinal tumors and smooth muscle cells where monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to the first epidermal growth factor (EGF) domain (CD97(EGF)) showed a more restricted staining pattern than mAbs to the stalk region (CD97(stalk)).
glycosylation	altered level	acetylcholinesterase		Acetylcholinesterase				diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	brain		10098867	This study demonstrates that the glycosylation of AChE is altered in the AD brain and that changes in AChE glycosylation in AD CSF may reflect changes in the distribution of brain isoforms.
glycosylation	altered level	acetylcholinesterase		Acetylcholinesterase				diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid		10098867	The glycosylation of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in CSF was analyzed by lectin binding.
galactosylation	increased level	Mr = 110,000 protein		Glycoproteins	galactosyltransferase		Galactosyltransferases		metastatic melanoma	Melanoma|Neoplasm Metastasis	Chloroquine treatment	murine	B16 melanoma cells	Melanoma|Tumor Cells, Cultured	2121334	Interestingly, on living cells, this cell surface GT almost exclusively galactosylates an endogenous glycoprotein (Mr = 110,000).
galactosylation	increased level	glucosylceramide		Glycolipids|Glycosphingolipids|Lactosylceramides	galactosyltransferase		Galactosyltransferases		metastatic melanoma	Melanoma|Neoplasm Metastasis	Chloroquine treatment	murine	B16 melanoma cells	Melanoma|Tumor Cells, Cultured	2121334	In addition to this protein-specific endogenous GT activity, another cell surface GT activity that selectively galactosylates glucosylceramide is also prominent.
GnGn structures	increased level	2B8-FcΔXF		Antibodies, Monoclonal					non-Hodgkin lymphoma			Nicotiana benthamiana	hairy root cultures	Plant Roots	29975457	Antibody N-glycosylation profiling reveal the prominent occurrence of GnGn structures and low levels of xylose- and fucose-containing counterparts.
xylose-containing counterparts	decreased level	2B8-FcΔXF		Antibodies, Monoclonal					non-Hodgkin lymphoma			Nicotiana benthamiana	hairy root cultures	Plant Roots	29975457	Antibody N-glycosylation profiling reveal the prominent occurrence of GnGn structures and low levels of xylose- and fucose-containing counterparts.
fucose-containing counterparts	decreased level	2B8-FcΔXF		Antibodies, Monoclonal					non-Hodgkin lymphoma			Nicotiana benthamiana	hairy root cultures	Plant Roots	29975457	Antibody N-glycosylation profiling reveal the prominent occurrence of GnGn structures and low levels of xylose- and fucose-containing counterparts.
N-glycosylation	decreased level	Immunoglobulin		Immunoglobulin Variable Region					t(14;18)-negative follicular lymphoma	Lymphoma, Follicular		Humans			28824170	N-glycosylation sites were detected considerably less frequently in t(14;18)-negative FL.
ALG9	undetermined			ALG9 protein, human					Congenital disorder of glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		Humans			28742265	Based on molecular studies, the 27 CDG patients were classified into different subtypes: ALG9-CDG (8 patients, 29.5%), ALG3-CDG (7 patients, 26%), COG6-CDG (7 patients, 26%), MGAT2-CDG (3 patients, 11%), SLC35A2-CDG (1 patient), and PMM2-CDG (1 patient).
ALG3	undetermined			ALG3 protein, human					Congenital disorder of glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		Humans			28742265	Based on molecular studies, the 27 CDG patients were classified into different subtypes: ALG9-CDG (8 patients, 29.5%), ALG3-CDG (7 patients, 26%), COG6-CDG (7 patients, 26%), MGAT2-CDG (3 patients, 11%), SLC35A2-CDG (1 patient), and PMM2-CDG (1 patient).
COG6	undetermined			COG6 protein, human					Congenital disorder of glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		Humans			28742265	Based on molecular studies, the 27 CDG patients were classified into different subtypes: ALG9-CDG (8 patients, 29.5%), ALG3-CDG (7 patients, 26%), COG6-CDG (7 patients, 26%), MGAT2-CDG (3 patients, 11%), SLC35A2-CDG (1 patient), and PMM2-CDG (1 patient).
MGAT2	undetermined			N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases					Congenital disorder of glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		Humans			28742265	Based on molecular studies, the 27 CDG patients were classified into different subtypes: ALG9-CDG (8 patients, 29.5%), ALG3-CDG (7 patients, 26%), COG6-CDG (7 patients, 26%), MGAT2-CDG (3 patients, 11%), SLC35A2-CDG (1 patient), and PMM2-CDG (1 patient).
SLC35A2	undetermined			Monosaccharide Transport Proteins					Congenital disorder of glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		Humans			28742265	Based on molecular studies, the 27 CDG patients were classified into different subtypes: ALG9-CDG (8 patients, 29.5%), ALG3-CDG (7 patients, 26%), COG6-CDG (7 patients, 26%), MGAT2-CDG (3 patients, 11%), SLC35A2-CDG (1 patient), and PMM2-CDG (1 patient).
PMM2	undetermined								Congenital disorder of glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		Humans			28742265	Based on molecular studies, the 27 CDG patients were classified into different subtypes: ALG9-CDG (8 patients, 29.5%), ALG3-CDG (7 patients, 26%), COG6-CDG (7 patients, 26%), MGAT2-CDG (3 patients, 11%), SLC35A2-CDG (1 patient), and PMM2-CDG (1 patient).
fucose	loss of structure	pertuzumab		pertuzumab				response	HER2 positive breast cancer			CHO	CHO FUT8-/- cells	CHO Cells	28397880	Present data indicated that fucose was critical for ADCC activity by influencing the interaction between pertuzumab and FcγRIIIa, nevertheless removal of sialic acid increased the ADCC and CDC activity of pertuzumab.
sialic acid	loss of structure	pertuzumab		pertuzumab	sialidase			response	HER2 positive breast cancer		co-injection of asialofetuin	CHO	hepatic cells		28397880	Meanwhile, regarding to sialic acid, sialidase hydrolysis directly resulted in asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGPRs) dependent clearance in hepatic cells in vitro.
Tn	unaltered level							diagnostic	Breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	bone marrow	Bone Marrow	27272852	A double immunofluorescence staining of a pan-cytokeratin (CK) marker and either Tn or O-Acetyl-GD3 was carried out in artificial and patient bone marrow samples.
O-Acetyl-GD3	unaltered level							diagnostic	Breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	bone marrow	Bone Marrow	27272852	A double immunofluorescence staining of a pan-cytokeratin (CK) marker and either Tn or O-Acetyl-GD3 was carried out in artificial and patient bone marrow samples.
sialyl-CD15	increased level								Hodgkin's lymphoma	Hodgkin Disease		Humans	KMH-2 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	26418972	KMH-2, as compared to L428 cells, showed increased binding due to its differential high expression of the sialyl-CD15.
sialyl Lewis X tetrasaccharide	acquisition of structure								Inflammation	Inflammation	Anti-Inflammatory Agents	Humans	Leukocytes	Leukocytes	21592467	Glycosyl chloride donor was applied to glycosylate a trisaccharide acceptor obtaining a new sulfonic acid mimetic of the sialyl Lewis X tetrasaccharide in high yield.
underglycosylation	undetermined	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				risk	epithelial ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	cell membrane		18268124	Studies suggest that underglycosylation of the cell membrane mucin MUC1 may be associated with epithelial ovarian cancer.
galectin-3-binding sites	altered level			Galectin 3					basal cell carcinomas	Carcinoma, Basal Cell		human|pig	epidermis	Epithelial Cells|Epithelium	12097836	Purification and labeling enabled monitoring of galectin-3 reactivity in frozen sections of human and pig epidermis and basal cell carcinomas as well as in culture of keratinocytes.
DBA-reactive glycoligands	altered level			dolichos biflorus agglutinin					basal cell carcinomas	Carcinoma, Basal Cell		human|pig	epidermis	Epithelial Cells|Epithelium	12097836	Interestingly, studied basal cell carcinomas expressed no binding sites for galectin-3, while a limited number of cells were DBA-reactive.
sialylated glycoforms	increased level	beta-trace protein		Beta-Globulins|Lipocalins				diagnostic	renal diseases		hemodialysis	human	serum		9184830	This physiological clearance mechanism for the sialylated glycoforms is disturbed in hemodialysis patients resulting in about 100-fold elevated serum concentrations.
sialylated glycoforms	increased level	beta-trace protein		Beta-Globulins|Lipocalins				diagnostic	chronic renal failure	Kidney Failure, Chronic	hemodialysis	human	serum		9184830	This physiological clearance mechanism for the sialylated glycoforms is disturbed in hemodialysis patients resulting in about 100-fold elevated serum concentrations.
O-glycosylation	altered level	polymorphic epithelial mucin		Mucin-1					ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	tumour cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9014760	Aberrant glycosylation of the peptide core of the PEM molecule in cancer cells leads to the exposure of peptide epitopes that can be considered tumour specific.
advanced glycation end products (AGEs)	increased level								cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	pancreatic ductal cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	33923186	Glyceraldehyde-derived advanced glycation end products (AGEs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of many diseases including cancer.
advanced glycation end products (AGEs)	increased level								cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	pancreatic ductal cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	33923186	Accumulation of intracellular AGEs could stimulate cancer induction and facilitate cancer progression.
sialic acids	loss of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					Breast Neoplasms	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	ZR-75-1		7539263	One breast (ZR-75-1), two colon (Colo 205 and SW1116), and three pancreas (Capan-2, HPAF and SW1990) cancer cell lines were examined.
sialic acids	loss of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					Colonic Neoplasms	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	Colo 205|SW1116		7539263	One breast (ZR-75-1), two colon (Colo 205 and SW1116), and three pancreas (Capan-2, HPAF and SW1990) cancer cell lines were examined.
sialic acids	loss of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					Pancreatic Neoplasms	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	Capan-2|HPAF|SW1990		7539263	One breast (ZR-75-1), two colon (Colo 205 and SW1116), and three pancreas (Capan-2, HPAF and SW1990) cancer cell lines were examined.
core-fucosylated, bi-antennary N-glycan	unaltered level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic|prognostic	hepatocellular carcinoma			Humans	serum		19218400	Lens culinaris lectin (LCA) is a useful probe for the detection in serum of a core-fucosylated alpha-fetoprotein, called AFP-L3 fraction, which is a well-known marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.
glycosylation	altered level							diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms	radical prostatectomy	Humans			29927052	DNA methylation, transcripts, protein and glycosylation biomarkers were assessed in a single cohort of patients treated by radical prostatectomy.
Bacteroidales O-glycosylation motif	acquisition of structure								inflammatory response			Tannerella forsythia	outer membrane vesicles	Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins	25953484	Eighty proteins contained the Bacteroidales O-glycosylation motif, 18 of which were confirmed as glycoproteins.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	T cell		Membrane Glycoproteins	UDP-Gal: GalNAc alpha 1-O-Ser/Thr beta 1----3 galactosyltransferase		Glycosyltransferases		permanent mixed-field polyagglutinability			Human	T cell	T-Lymphocytes	1378020	These data demonstrate that in PMFP, T cells may also be affected by the O-galactosyltransferase deficiency which is accompanied by a substantial loss of cell surface sialic acid.
sialic acid	decreased level	T cell		Membrane Glycoproteins	UDP-Gal: GalNAc alpha 1-O-Ser/Thr beta 1----3 galactosyltransferase		Glycosyltransferases		permanent mixed-field polyagglutinability			Human	T cell	T-Lymphocytes	1378020	These data demonstrate that in PMFP, T cells may also be affected by the O-galactosyltransferase deficiency which is accompanied by a substantial loss of cell surface sialic acid.
N-linked oligosaccharides	altered level	Thy-1		Thy-1 Antigens					nervous tissue			human	cerebrospinal fluid		2900838	Digestions with endoglycosidases demonstrated that this difference in size was correlated to different processing of the three N-linked oligosaccharides, and the mobilities of the deglycosylated molecules were indistinguishable in sodium dodecyl sulfate gels.
5E5 MUC1N epitope	acquisition of structure	Mucin 1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	multiple myeloma	Multiple Myeloma		Humans	neoplastic plasma cells	Plasma Cells	24251368	Clonal plasma cells showed reduced MUC1N expression, and the 5E5 MUC1N epitope was expressed only in neoplastic plasma cells.
MUC1	altered level	Mucin 1		Mucin-1				prognostic	multiple myeloma	Multiple Myeloma		Humans	plasma cells	Plasma Cells	24251368	Loss of both MUC1 subunits in MM (n = 12) was associated with significantly shorter overall survival and was more frequent in pretreated MM samples.
MUC1	acquisition of structure	MUC1 mucin		Mucin-1				prognostic	invasive ductal carcinomas	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal		Humans	pancreas	Pancreas	12353144	IDC, with a poor outcome, showed a pattern of MUC1(+), MUC2(-), and MUC5AC(+ or -).
MUC1	acquisition of structure	MUC1 mucin		Mucin-1				prognostic	IPMN-dark cell type tumors with carcinomatous change			Humans	pancreas	Pancreas	12353144	In IPMN-dark cell type tumors with carcinomatous change showing invasive growth, the invasive areas acquired a characteristic of MUC1 expression that was usually seen in IDC, although their main noninvasive lesions showed no MUC1 expression.
MUC1	acquisition of structure	MUC1 mucin		Mucin-1				prognostic	IPMN-compact cell type tumors			Humans	pancreas	Pancreas	12353144	The IPMN-compact cell type tumors usually showed high cellular atypia and frequent MUC1 expression, even in the noninvasive areas.
heparan sulfate-like glucosaminoglycan	undetermined	erythrocyte membrane protein 1, Plasmodium falciparum		erythrocyte membrane protein 1, Plasmodium falciparum					severe malaria			Plasmodium falciparum	erythrocytes	Erythrocyte Membrane	10880521	The NH(2)-terminal head structure (Duffy binding-like domain 1 [DBL1alpha]-cysteine-rich interdomain region [CIDR1alpha]) of a single species of P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) is here shown to mediate adherence to multiple host receptors including platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1 (PECAM-1)/CD31, the blood group A antigen, normal nonimmune immunoglobulin M, three virulence-associated receptor proteins, a heparan sulfate-like glucosaminoglycan, and CD36.
Glycosylation	undetermined	CD26		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4					Lymphocyte Activation	Lymphocyte Activation		Humans	T-Lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	7892748	The CD26 activation antigen (Ag), which is expressed on a subpopulation of human T cells, has been characterized as dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV, EC 3.4.14.5).
Gal(beta 1-3)GalNAc	unaltered level	keyhole limpet hemocyanin		Hemocyanins|keyhole-limpet hemocyanin				response	bladder carcinoma		immunotherapy	Lewis rats			7600562	In the present study we show, using lectin and antibody binding studies, that native KLH contains Gal(beta 1-3)GalNAc-bearing oligosaccharides, and that immunization with KLH in Lewis rats induces the production of anti-Gal(beta 1-3) GalNAc antibodies.
Gal(beta 1-3)GalNAc	unaltered level	keyhole limpet hemocyanin		Hemocyanins|keyhole-limpet hemocyanin				response	renal carcinoma		immunotherapy	Lewis rats			7600562	In the present study we show, using lectin and antibody binding studies, that native KLH contains Gal(beta 1-3)GalNAc-bearing oligosaccharides, and that immunization with KLH in Lewis rats induces the production of anti-Gal(beta 1-3) GalNAc antibodies.
bacterial polysaccharides	altered level	langerin		CD207 protein, human|Cd207 protein, mouse					innate host defense			human|mouse			27903635	A screening of more than 300 bacterial polysaccharides revealed highly diverging avidity and selectivity for larger and more complex glycans.
sialoglycoprotein	increased level	galectin-3-binding protein		LGALS3BP protein, human					ovarian carcinoma	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	exosomes	Exosomes	24302979	An abundant sialoglycoprotein was found enriched in exosomes and it was identified by peptide mass fingerprinting and immunoblot as the galectin-3-binding protein (LGALS3BP).
complex glycans of the di-, tri-, and tetraantennary type with or without proximal fucose	increased level								ovarian carcinoma	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	exosomes	Exosomes	24302979	Exosomes were found to contain predominantly complex glycans of the di-, tri-, and tetraantennary type with or without proximal fucose and also high mannose glycans.
high mannose glycans	increased level								ovarian carcinoma	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	exosomes	Exosomes	24302979	Exosomes were found to contain predominantly complex glycans of the di-, tri-, and tetraantennary type with or without proximal fucose and also high mannose glycans.
Diantennary glycans containing bisecting N-acetylglucosamine	increased level								ovarian carcinoma	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	exosomes	Exosomes	24302979	Diantennary glycans containing bisecting N-acetylglucosamine were also detected.
sialylated Lewis(x)	increased level							diagnostic	lung adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma		human	lung	Lung Neoplasms	1675497	Higher expression was seen in the 54 lung adenocarcinomas: SLEX in 72%, Le(x) in 48%, SLEA in 39%, and Le(a) in 24%.
Lewis(x)	increased level							diagnostic	lung adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma		human	lung	Lung Neoplasms	1675497	Higher expression was seen in the 54 lung adenocarcinomas: SLEX in 72%, Le(x) in 48%, SLEA in 39%, and Le(a) in 24%.
sialylated Lewis(a)	increased level							diagnostic	lung adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma		human	lung	Lung Neoplasms	1675497	Higher expression was seen in the 54 lung adenocarcinomas: SLEX in 72%, Le(x) in 48%, SLEA in 39%, and Le(a) in 24%.
Lewis(a)	increased level							diagnostic	lung adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma		human	lung	Lung Neoplasms	1675497	Higher expression was seen in the 54 lung adenocarcinomas: SLEX in 72%, Le(x) in 48%, SLEA in 39%, and Le(a) in 24%.
tri-antennary carbohydrate moieties	acquisition of structure	hCGβ-core fragment		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human				diagnostic	molar pregnancy	Hydatidiform Mole		Human	urine		24905406	Larger glycoforms were more abundant in the abnormal pregnancies and tri-antennary carbohydrate moieties were only observed in the samples from molar and hyperemesis gravidarum pregnancies.
tri-antennary carbohydrate moieties	acquisition of structure	hCGβ-core fragment		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human				diagnostic	hyperemesis gravidarum	Hyperemesis Gravidarum		Human	urine		24905406	Larger glycoforms were more abundant in the abnormal pregnancies and tri-antennary carbohydrate moieties were only observed in the samples from molar and hyperemesis gravidarum pregnancies.
alpha-N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)	acquisition of structure	MUC1 mucin		Mucin-1				diagnostic	cancer			humans	epithelial cells	Humans	10217327	Furthermore, they illustrate that glycosylation of the MUC1 tumor marker protein with a simple O-linked saccharide expressed in many cancers, can enhance the binding of the clinically relevant C595 antibody.
tri-antennary oligosaccharides	increased level	LAMP-1|LAMP-2		Lysosomal Membrane Proteins|Lysosomal Membrane Proteins					mammary epithelial cell differentiation		lactogenic hormones	mouse	HC11 cells		8983177	Differentiation was also accompanied by an increase in the cellular content of tri- and tetra-antennary oligosaccharides, which were reactive with isolectin L4 from Phaseolus vulgaris (L-PHA).
tetra-antennary oligosaccharides	increased level	LAMP-1|LAMP-2		Lysosomal Membrane Proteins|Lysosomal Membrane Proteins					mammary epithelial cell differentiation		lactogenic hormones	mouse	HC11 cells		8983177	Differentiation was also accompanied by an increase in the cellular content of tri- and tetra-antennary oligosaccharides, which were reactive with isolectin L4 from Phaseolus vulgaris (L-PHA).
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	CD44		CD44 protein, human|Hyaluronan Receptors	Cosmc	C1GALT1C1	C1GALT1C1 protein, human	diagnostic|response	lung adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma of Lung|Lung Neoplasms	chimeric receptor T cells	human	A549 cells	A549 Cells	33050853	Using mass spectrometry, as well as co-immunoprecipitation, it was shown that the AKC3 antibody recognized the Tn antigen in the context of CD44 protein - a protein important for tumor growth.
sialylated MUC1 epitope	unaltered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	mammary carcinomas		16211224	Our data suggest that only the presence of a sialylated short-chain MUC1 glycoform is associated with a better prognosis, whereas the other molecules under study are not correlated with the course of disease and survival probability.
N-terminal CD109 fragment	increased level	CD109		CD109 protein, human					glioblastoma	Glioblastoma		human	SK-MG-1 glioblastoma cells	Cell Line, Tumor|Glioblastoma|Humans	25724945	The N-terminal CD109 fragment in SK-MG-1 was hyperglycosylated compared with that in MG178 or U251MG.
O-glycosylation	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic|response	tumors		immunotherapy	Humans	ductal epithelial cells		11388805	MUC1 expressed by malignant cells is aberrantly O-glycosylated.
O-glycosylation	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic|response	tumors		immunotherapy	Humans	tumor cells		11388805	This underglycosylated recombinant MUC1 mimics underglycosylated MUC1 on human tumor cells and could serve as an immunogen to stimulate responses that would recognize MUC1 on tumor cells.
core fucosylation	loss of structure	T cell receptors		Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell	core fucosyltransferase	Fut8	Fucosyltransferases		abnormal T cell development			mice	thymus	Thymocytes	31229844	Our results therefore demonstrate that ablation of core fucosylation results in the abnormal T cell development due to the attenuated signaling via TCR.
Tn antigen	increased level				Cosmc	C1GALT1C1	C1GALT1C1 protein, human	diagnostic	tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate		Human	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	28708980	As a type of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen, Tn antigen is mainly expressed in many human tumor cells and is absent in normal cells.
Tn antigen	increased level				Cosmc	C1GALT1C1	C1GALT1C1 protein, human	diagnostic	activated T cells	Lymphocyte Activation		Human	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	28708980	This study demonstrated that Tn antigen was expressed in activated T cells and that the percentage of positive (Tn+) cells increased and subsequently decreased within 72h after stimulation with CD3/CD28 Dynabeads, with peak expression occurring at 48h.
CD83 glycosylation	increased level	CD83		Antigens, CD				diagnostic	acute graft-versus-host disease	Graft vs Host Disease	hematopoietic cell transplant	human	CD4+ T cells|CD8+ T cells|Treg cells	T-Lymphocyte Subsets|T-Lymphocyte Subsets|T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory	27837105	CD83 expression was increased on CD4+, CD8+ T, and Treg cells in association with clinical acute graft-versus-host disease in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant recipients.
O-glycosylation	unaltered level	Muc4		MUC4 protein, human|Muc4 protein, rat|Mucin-4					Breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Human	MCF7 breast cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	19293191	Mapping experiments revealed that the O-glycosylation and cytosolic domains of Muc4 are dispensable for its antiapoptotic activity, and are also dispensable for the potentiation of signaling by ErbB2.
O-glycosylation	unaltered level	Muc4		MUC4 protein, human|Muc4 protein, rat|Mucin-4					Melanoma			Human	A375 melanoma cells	Cell Line, Tumor	19293191	Mapping experiments revealed that the O-glycosylation and cytosolic domains of Muc4 are dispensable for its antiapoptotic activity, and are also dispensable for the potentiation of signaling by ErbB2.
N-glycosylation	altered level	PSM'							prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	prostatic tissue		19107881	These experiments were further complemented by analysis of the N-glycosylation patterns of the PSMA/PSM' proteins and by site-directed mutagenesis.
N-glycosylation	unaltered level	PSM'							non-cancerous condition			Humans	HEK293 human cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	19107881	We identified PSM' protein expression in both the LNCaP cell line and a non-cancerous HEK293 human cell line transfected with a plasmid encoding full-length PSMA.
MUC1	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1					Breast tumor	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	BT-20 tumor cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9076518	The structure and glycosylation states of the MUC1 in these four lines were compared with that of the endogenous MUC1 found in the human pancreatic (HPAF) and breast (BT-20) tumor cell lines using flow cytometry and Western blot analysis with anti-MUC1 antibodies, which are either sensitive or insensitive to the glycosylation state of the tandem repeat, and pretreatment of cells with phenyl-alpha-galactosaminide, an inhibitor of mucin sialylation.
MUC1	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1					Pancreatic tumor	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	HPAF tumor cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9076518	The structure and glycosylation states of the MUC1 in these four lines were compared with that of the endogenous MUC1 found in the human pancreatic (HPAF) and breast (BT-20) tumor cell lines using flow cytometry and Western blot analysis with anti-MUC1 antibodies, which are either sensitive or insensitive to the glycosylation state of the tandem repeat, and pretreatment of cells with phenyl-alpha-galactosaminide, an inhibitor of mucin sialylation.
CD57	decreased level							diagnostic	neurocristopathies			Humans	neural crest	Neural Crest	35727432	The further development towards migratory neural crest was associated with decreased CD24, CD49f (ITGA6) and CD57 (HNK1) versus an enhanced CD49d (ITGA4), CD49e (ITGA5) and CD51/CD61 (ITGAV/ITGB3) expression.
CD57	decreased level							diagnostic	neural cancer			Humans	neural crest	Neural Crest	35727432	The further development towards migratory neural crest was associated with decreased CD24, CD49f (ITGA6) and CD57 (HNK1) versus an enhanced CD49d (ITGA4), CD49e (ITGA5) and CD51/CD61 (ITGAV/ITGB3) expression.
CD57	decreased level							diagnostic	malignancies			Humans	neural crest	Neural Crest	35727432	The further development towards migratory neural crest was associated with decreased CD24, CD49f (ITGA6) and CD57 (HNK1) versus an enhanced CD49d (ITGA4), CD49e (ITGA5) and CD51/CD61 (ITGAV/ITGB3) expression.
sialyl Tn	increased level							diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	sera		29273237	Pyridylaminated-STN levels of 147 gastric cancer, 85 pancreatic cancer and 10 cholangiocarcinoma patients together with 102 normal controls were accurately quantified using HPLC separation followed by selected reaction monitoring (SRM) assay, which used a stable isotope, tetradeuterium-labeled pyridylamino glycan as an internal standard.
sialyl Tn	increased level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	sera		29273237	Pyridylaminated-STN levels of 147 gastric cancer, 85 pancreatic cancer and 10 cholangiocarcinoma patients together with 102 normal controls were accurately quantified using HPLC separation followed by selected reaction monitoring (SRM) assay, which used a stable isotope, tetradeuterium-labeled pyridylamino glycan as an internal standard.
sialyl Tn	increased level							diagnostic	cholangiocarcinoma	Cholangiocarcinoma		Humans	sera		29273237	Pyridylaminated-STN levels of 147 gastric cancer, 85 pancreatic cancer and 10 cholangiocarcinoma patients together with 102 normal controls were accurately quantified using HPLC separation followed by selected reaction monitoring (SRM) assay, which used a stable isotope, tetradeuterium-labeled pyridylamino glycan as an internal standard.
glycoxidative modifications	increased level								amyotrophic lateral sclerosis	Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis		mouse	central nervous system		24980941	This was associated with significant increases in protein carbonyl and glycoxidative modifications as well as non-nuclear 8-oxo-dG, a marker of mitochondrial DNA oxidation.
sialic acid	altered level				sialyltransferases				microbial pathogens			vertebrates	erythrocyte and plasma		16769723	Sialic acid (Sia) residues are monosaccharides at the outer end of glycans on the cell-surface and secreted molecules of vertebrates, mediating recognition by intrinsic or extrinsic (pathogen) receptors.
sialic acid	altered level	CD33-related Sia-recognizing Ig-like lectins		Antigens, CD|Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic|CD33 protein, human|Cd33 protein, mouse|Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3					microbial pathogens			vertebrates	erythrocyte and plasma		16769723	"The rapid evolution of Sia-binding domains of the inhibitory CD33-related Sia-recognizing Ig-like lectins is likely to be a secondary consequence, as these inhibitory receptors presumably need to keep up with recognition of the rapidly evolving ""self""-sialome."
α(1,2)fucosylated glycans	altered level	fibronectin		Fibronectins				monitoring	pregnancy	Pregnancy		human	amniotic fluid	Amniotic Fluid	21265803	The determination of α(1,2)fucosylated glycans is considered with respect to its usefulness as a potential clinically applicable biomarker in obstetrics to monitor pregnancy and in andrology to evaluate the ejaculate of infertile men and in vitro fertilization.
α(1,2)fucosylated glycans	altered level	fibronectin		Fibronectins				monitoring	infertility			human	seminal plasma	Semen	21265803	The determination of α(1,2)fucosylated glycans is considered with respect to its usefulness as a potential clinically applicable biomarker in obstetrics to monitor pregnancy and in andrology to evaluate the ejaculate of infertile men and in vitro fertilization.
high mannose type glycan	undetermined	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1	HIV-1			HIV-infected cells		2574581	The carbohydrate of gp120 recognized by lectins was thus arranged in at least four types of glycans: a high mannose type glycan, a bisected hybrid or complex type glycan, a biantennary fucosylated complex type glycan and a triantennary bisected complex type glycan.
bisected hybrid or complex type glycan	undetermined	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1	HIV-1			HIV-infected cells		2574581	The carbohydrate of gp120 recognized by lectins was thus arranged in at least four types of glycans: a high mannose type glycan, a bisected hybrid or complex type glycan, a biantennary fucosylated complex type glycan and a triantennary bisected complex type glycan.
biantennary fucosylated complex type glycan	undetermined	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1	HIV-1			HIV-infected cells		2574581	The carbohydrate of gp120 recognized by lectins was thus arranged in at least four types of glycans: a high mannose type glycan, a bisected hybrid or complex type glycan, a biantennary fucosylated complex type glycan and a triantennary bisected complex type glycan.
triantennary bisected complex type glycan	undetermined	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1	HIV-1			HIV-infected cells		2574581	The carbohydrate of gp120 recognized by lectins was thus arranged in at least four types of glycans: a high mannose type glycan, a bisected hybrid or complex type glycan, a biantennary fucosylated complex type glycan and a triantennary bisected complex type glycan.
CD15	increased level				alpha(2-3)-sialidase		Neuraminidase		myeloid cell differentiation			Humans	myeloid cells	Humans|Myeloid Cells	18953356	Accordingly, we investigated the molecular basis of increasing CD15 expression associated with human myeloid cell differentiation.
sialyl-CD15	decreased level				alpha(2-3)-sialidase		Neuraminidase		myeloid cell differentiation			Humans	myeloid cells	Humans|Myeloid Cells	18953356	Flow cytometric analysis of differentiating cells together with biochemical studies using inhibitors of glycan synthesis and of sialidases showed that increased CD15 expression is not due to de novo biosynthesis of CD15, but results predominantly from induction of alpha(2-3)-sialidase activity, which yields CD15 from cell-surface sialyl-CD15 (also known as sialyl-Lewis x, sLe(x) or CD15s).
Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF) antigen	undetermined								cancer			Humans			23365681	CCG can be utilized to facilitate clinical applications through the determination of the three-dimensional interaction of glycans with proteins, thus augmenting drug and vaccine development techniques that seek to optimize the specificity and affinity of neutralizing proteins, which target glycans associated with diseases including cancer and HIV.
Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF) antigen	undetermined								HIV			Humans			23365681	CCG can be utilized to facilitate clinical applications through the determination of the three-dimensional interaction of glycans with proteins, thus augmenting drug and vaccine development techniques that seek to optimize the specificity and affinity of neutralizing proteins, which target glycans associated with diseases including cancer and HIV.
antennary fucosylated N-glycans	decreased level							diagnostic|risk	HNF1A-MODY		sulfonylureas	Humans	plasma		30455330	We previously reported that plasma levels of antennary fucosylated N-glycans and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) are reduced in individuals with HNF1A-MODY.
GlcNAcylated	increased level	alpha-1-antichymotrypsin		SERPINA3 protein, human				diagnostic	non-small-cell lung cancer	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung|Lung Neoplasms		human	serum		26908325	The GlcNAcylated AACT was further detected by lectin-based ELISA and has better advantage in clinical application than total AACT.
2534 m/z N-glycan	decreased level							predictive	progressive disease		trastuzumab	Human	plasma		19140672	The MALDI-TOF-MS analysis of the plasma N-glycan profile revealed that the expression of 2534 m/z N-glycan was lower in patients with progressive disease (PD) and was correlated with PFS.
2534 m/z N-glycan	decreased level							predictive	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	trastuzumab	Human	plasma		19140672	We demonstrated that the plasma FUCA activity and 2534 m/z N-glycan may be predictive biomarkers of sensitivity to trastuzumab.
sialyl Lewis x	acquisition of structure								ovarian cyst	Ovarian Cysts		human	ovarian cyst	Ovarian Cysts	17880005	The results showed that HOC 350 carries a large number of epitopes for sLe(x), sLe(a), and Le(a) reactive antibodies.
sialyl Lewis a	acquisition of structure								ovarian cyst	Ovarian Cysts		human	ovarian cyst	Ovarian Cysts	17880005	The results showed that HOC 350 carries a large number of epitopes for sLe(x), sLe(a), and Le(a) reactive antibodies.
N-glycan	altered level							diagnostic|monitoring|predictive	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	serum		33154535	Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS)-based serum N-glycan analysis has gained acknowledgment for the diagnosis of breast cancer in recent years.
N-glycan	altered level							monitoring|predictive	recurring breast cancer	Neoplasm Recurrence, Local		Humans	serum		33154535	Multiple N-glycan markers were identified and validated using this process, and they were found to be applicable for differentiating recurring breast cancer samples from healthy control or ordinary breast cancer samples.
azido groups	acquisition of structure							response	cancer		anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy	mouse	extracellular vesicles	Extracellular Vesicles	37848408	In two mouse models of anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy, we demonstrate the strategy's feasibility and reveal the high positive correlation of nascent PD-L1+ EV level to tumor volume, suggesting an important role of nascent EVs in response to immunotherapy in cancer treatment.
oligosaccharide structures	altered level											Humans	cell surface	Cell Line	16157317	For studies on live cells mAbs recognizing distinct oligosaccharide structures are useful tools because in contrast to other analytical methods of carbohydrate biochemistry they are able to react with glycans in the complex sterical context of the cell surface.
sialylation	increased level								cancer	Neoplasms		human	plasma		20705048	As increases in sialylation and fucosylation are prominent among cancer-associated modifications, we focused on Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA) and Aleuria aurantia lectin (AAL), lectins which bind sialic acid- and fucose-containing structures, respectively.
fucosylation	increased level								cancer	Neoplasms		human	plasma		20705048	As increases in sialylation and fucosylation are prominent among cancer-associated modifications, we focused on Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA) and Aleuria aurantia lectin (AAL), lectins which bind sialic acid- and fucose-containing structures, respectively.
sulfated glycans	decreased level	Muc1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					none			pig	urothelium	Urothelium	27801529	In both superficial and intermediate cells sulfated and/or sialylated glycans were present, sulfation decreasing in the deeper layers.
sialylated glycans	unaltered level	Muc1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					none			pig	urothelium	Urothelium	27801529	In both superficial and intermediate cells sulfated and/or sialylated glycans were present, sulfation decreasing in the deeper layers.
IgG N-glycosylation	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				response	aging	Aging	young porcine plasma fraction treatment	Rats	blood|heart|liver|hypothalamus	|	37875652	An immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycosylation pattern shift from pro- to anti-inflammatory also indicated reversal of glycan aging.
N-glycans	altered level	ALCAM		ALCAM protein, human	MAN1A1		alpha-Mannosidase	prognostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	tumour	Cell Line, Tumor	31659304	Further, the glycosylated adhesion molecule ALCAM reveals a significant adverse prognostic effect only in the presence of high MAN1A1 expression.
297-11A-sulfated glycans	altered level	MUC16		Polysaccharides				prognostic	ovarian carcinoma	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serous ovarian carcinoma cell line OVCAR-3	Cell Line, Tumor	38582455	We conducted immunohistochemical analysis of 98 ovarian carcinoma cases with 297-11A antibody combined with a series of glycosidases and performed mass spectrometry analysis of the human serous ovarian carcinoma cell line OVCAR-3 to deduce the glycan structure of 297-11A-sulfated glycans.
serum glycans	altered level							predictive|risk	non-small cell lung cancer	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung|Lung Neoplasms		Humans	serum		26813970	Here, we aimed to determine the predictive value of serum glycans to distinguish non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases from controls in prediagnostic samples using a previously validated predictive protein marker pro-SFTPB, as anchor.
Siglec-8 ligands	altered level								lung inflammation			Humans	trachea	Trachea	28369504	Since siglecs are involved in lung inflammation, we studied Siglec-8 and Siglec-9 ligands in human lungs and airways.
Siglec-9 ligands	altered level								lung inflammation			Humans	trachea	Trachea	28369504	Since siglecs are involved in lung inflammation, we studied Siglec-8 and Siglec-9 ligands in human lungs and airways.
core 1 O-glycans	loss of structure	CD43		Leukosialin	ST3Gal-I		Sialyltransferases|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		apoptosis	Apoptosis		mouse	CD8+ T cells	CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	10755614	CD8+ T cells undergo an elimination of sialic acid on core 1 O-glycans and an induction of core 2 O-glycans until either apoptotic death or differentiation into memory cells.
core 2 O-glycans	acquisition of structure	CD43		Leukosialin	ST3Gal-I		Sialyltransferases|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		apoptosis	Apoptosis		mouse	CD8+ T cells	CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	10755614	CD8+ T cells undergo an elimination of sialic acid on core 1 O-glycans and an induction of core 2 O-glycans until either apoptotic death or differentiation into memory cells.
N-glycan	increased level							diagnostic	urothelial carcinoma	Carcinoma, Transitional Cell|Urologic Neoplasms		Humans	Serum	Humans	28753809	The N-glycan score was calculated using six N-glycans (m/z 1566, m/z 1687, m/z 1769, m/z 1871, m/z 2011, and m/z 2337) that were significantly associated with UC.
dolichol	increased ratio							diagnostic	congenital disorders of glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		Humans	urine		32289257	The ratio of Dol18/Dol19 was significantly higher in both urine and tissue samples from patients with mutation in NUS1 in comparison to controls.
dolichol	increased ratio							diagnostic	congenital disorders of glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		Humans	tissue		32289257	The ratio of Dol18/Dol19 was significantly higher in both urine and tissue samples from patients with mutation in NUS1 in comparison to controls.
sulfated glycans	increased level	Langerin		CD207 protein, human					glioblastoma	Glioblastoma		Humans	brain tissues	Brain Neoplasms	20026605	Moreover, such sulfated ligands were up-regulated in glioblastoma relative to normal brain tissues, and Langerin-expressing cells were localized in malignant brain tissues.
mannosylated glycans	unaltered level	Langerin		CD207 protein, human					pathogenic fungi	Fungi		Humans	Langerhans cells	Langerhans Cells	20026605	Langerin also recognized pathogenic fungi, such as Candida and Malassezia, expressing heavily mannosylated glycans.
N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc)	acquisition of structure	Antigen		Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					tumour			mouse	bone marrow derived (BM)-DCs|splenic DCs	Bone Marrow Cells|Dendritic Cells	20473945	We recently showed that MGL2 specifically binds tumour-associated glycan N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc).
sialylated N-glycans	increased level							diagnostic	gastric disease			Humans	serum		38148046	Along with the progression of gastric disease, the abundance of sialylated N-glycans increased, while that of core-fucosylated N-glycans decreased.
core-fucosylated N-glycans	decreased level							diagnostic	gastric disease			Humans	serum		38148046	Along with the progression of gastric disease, the abundance of sialylated N-glycans increased, while that of core-fucosylated N-glycans decreased.
IgG N-glycans	altered level	immunoglobulin G						risk	physiological imbalance			Holstein dairy cows	milk	Milk	32361640	The objective was to compare the use of three different sets of milk biomarkers for identification of cows in physiological imbalance and thus at risk of developing metabolic or infectious diseases.
disialyl core 1 O-glycans	increased level	CD43			GCNT1		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases	response	cancer		immunotherapy	human	naïve T-cells	T-Lymphocytes	38141764	We found that disialyl core 1 O-glycans are the major immune ligands for Siglec-7 and that these ligands are particularly highly expressed on naïve T-cells.
Sialyl LewisA	altered level	MUC1		Mucins				diagnostic	sessile serrated adenoma/polyps			Humans	colonic tissue	Colonic Polyps	27705923	Expression of colonic mucins (MUC1, MUC4, MUC17, MUC2, and MUC5AC) and O-glycans [Sialyl LewisA (CA19-9) and Tn/Sialyl-Tn on MUC1] were analyzed in HP (n=33), SSA/P (n=39), and tubular adenoma (TA) (n=36) samples by immunohistochemistry.
Tn/Sialyl-Tn	altered level	MUC1		Mucins				diagnostic	sessile serrated adenoma/polyps			Humans	colonic tissue	Colonic Polyps	27705923	Expression of colonic mucins (MUC1, MUC4, MUC17, MUC2, and MUC5AC) and O-glycans [Sialyl LewisA (CA19-9) and Tn/Sialyl-Tn on MUC1] were analyzed in HP (n=33), SSA/P (n=39), and tubular adenoma (TA) (n=36) samples by immunohistochemistry.
core 1 O-glycans	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1	ST3Gal-I		Sialyltransferases|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase|ST3GAL1 protein, human	diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast tissue	Tumor Cells, Cultured	11118434	Expression of C2GnT1 is low or absent in around 50% of breast cancers, whereas expression of ST3Gal-I is consistently increased.
core 2 O-glycans	decreased level	MUC1		Mucin-1	C2GnT1		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase	diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast tissue	Tumor Cells, Cultured	11118434	Expression of C2GnT1 is low or absent in around 50% of breast cancers, whereas expression of ST3Gal-I is consistently increased.
core fucosylation	increased level	PD-1|PD-L1		Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor|	core fucosyltransferase	Fut8	Fucosyltransferases		lung adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma of Lung		Mice	lung	Lung Neoplasms	32460355	In this study, we found that core fucosylation was significantly upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma.
core fucosylation	loss of structure	PD-1		Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor	core fucosyltransferase	Fut8	Fucosyltransferases		lung adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma of Lung	antilung adenocarcinoma immune therapy	Mice	lung	Lung Neoplasms	32460355	De-core fucosylation of PD-1 compromised its expression on Fut8<sup>-/-</sup> CTL, resulted in enhanced Fut8<sup>-/-</sup> CTL activation and cytotoxicity, leading to more efficient tumor eradication.
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	oral squamous cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|Mouth Neoplasms		Humans	serum		28594851	We found that the relative abundances of seven N-glycans were decreased or increased in serum of OSCC with diagnostic accuracy greater than 75%.
tri-antennary and tetra-antennary glycans	increased level							diagnostic	oral squamous cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|Mouth Neoplasms		Humans	serum		28594851	The relative abundances of total tri-antennary and tetra-antennary glycans with varying degrees of fucosylation and sialylation were also increased in serum N-glycomes of OSCC.
Tn antigen	unaltered level							diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	blood serum		34623365	Finally, as a proof-of-concept, this carbohydrate-based sensor was used to successfully discriminate blood serum samples from prostate cancer-free and prostate cancer patients.
sialyl-Lewis a	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					colon carcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	colon carcinoma patients	Colonic Neoplasms	12820726	It was also observed that the mucins from colon carcinoma patients had MUC1-type mucins that carried both sialyl-Lewis a and x epitopes and CD43-type sialyl-Lewis a mucins with only low levels of sialyl-Lewis x epitopes.
sialyl-Lewis x	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					colon carcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	colon carcinoma patients	Colonic Neoplasms	12820726	It was also observed that the mucins from colon carcinoma patients had MUC1-type mucins that carried both sialyl-Lewis a and x epitopes and CD43-type sialyl-Lewis a mucins with only low levels of sialyl-Lewis x epitopes.
sialyl-Lewis a	acquisition of structure	CD43		Leukosialin					colon carcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	colon carcinoma patients	Colonic Neoplasms	12820726	It was also observed that the mucins from colon carcinoma patients had MUC1-type mucins that carried both sialyl-Lewis a and x epitopes and CD43-type sialyl-Lewis a mucins with only low levels of sialyl-Lewis x epitopes.
asialo triantennary N glycan	increased level											Ganoderma lucidum	fruiting body		17917934	The lectin showed highest affinity for asialo triantennary N glycan (Ka = 3.52 x 10(5)) among the glycans tested.
Tn	undetermined	Mucin-1		Mucin-1					tumour			Humans		Humans	22180206	Synthetic glycopeptides from the human mucin-1 (MUC-1) tandem repeat region containing a range of O-linked, tumour-associated carbohydrate antigens, namely Tn, T and sialyl T, with different glycosylation site occupancies and an increasing number of tandem repeats were studied.
T	undetermined	Mucin-1		Mucin-1					tumour			Humans		Humans	22180206	Synthetic glycopeptides from the human mucin-1 (MUC-1) tandem repeat region containing a range of O-linked, tumour-associated carbohydrate antigens, namely Tn, T and sialyl T, with different glycosylation site occupancies and an increasing number of tandem repeats were studied.
sialyl T	undetermined	Mucin-1		Mucin-1					tumour			Humans		Humans	22180206	Synthetic glycopeptides from the human mucin-1 (MUC-1) tandem repeat region containing a range of O-linked, tumour-associated carbohydrate antigens, namely Tn, T and sialyl T, with different glycosylation site occupancies and an increasing number of tandem repeats were studied.
sialyl Lewis X antigen	increased level	transferrin							tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate		human	HepG2 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	19303396	Both rNKG2Dlec and rCD94lec bound to plates coated with high-sLeX-expressing transferrin secreted by HepG2 cells (HepTF).
Tn epitope	unaltered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		Humans	lung cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	26692014	The expression of Tn and glycopeptide epitopes on the surface of lung cancer cell lines were studied by monoclonal IgG antibodies 14A, 16A, and B72.3.
sialyl-Tn	unaltered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		Humans	lung cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	26692014	B72.3 preferrably recognized clustered sialyl-Tn displayed on MUC1 but not other O-glycoproteins, with 100-fold stronger binding when MUC1 is transfected as a sugar carrier, while the total sugar epitopes remain unchanged.
glycosylated surface proteins	altered level	CD8 T cells		Antigens, CD	sialidase|O-linked glycoprotein endopeptidase		Neuraminidase|O-sialoglycoprotein endopeptidase		aging	Aging		mice	CD8 T cells	CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	16805788	These data support the notion that glycosylated surface proteins hinder CD8 T-cell activation and function in both young and old mice, and raise the possibility of significantly improving CD8 T cell function in older individuals through enzymatic alteration of surface glycoproteins.
aberrantly glycosylated MUC-1	altered level	MUC-1	MUC1	Mucin-1				response	adenocarcinomas		cancer vaccines	Humans	tumors		9346852	Epithelial cell mucin encoded by the gene MUC-1, is expressed on several human adenocarcinomas in an aberrantly glycosylated form, and as such it has been identified as the target of human cellular as well as humoral responses.
aberrantly glycosylated MUC-1	altered level	MUC-1	MUC1	Mucin-1				response	tumors		cancer vaccines	Humans	tumors		9346852	We have expressed MUC-1 in baculovirus, and we report that the recombinant product has important similarities with the MUC-1 expressed on tumors, especially in regard to its aberrant glycosylation.
GlcNAc-branched N-glycans	decreased level	CD40		CD40 Antigens					autoimmunity	Autoimmunity		mouse	T cells	T-Lymphocyte Subsets	20646763	T cells from autoimmune mouse strains express 30-40% less GlcNAc-branched N-glycans than T cells from non-autoimmune strains, a decrease known to activate T cells.
less glycosylated form	increased level	CD40		CD40 Antigens					autoimmunity	Autoimmunity		mouse	CD4 T cells	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes	20646763	The glycoform profile is dependent on availability of CD154 and autoimmune NOD mice express a high level of a less glycosylated form.
MUC1 mucin	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic|monitoring	ovarian cancer	Genital Neoplasms, Female		Humans	serum		8521372	The use of the mucin-specific lectin from Sambucus sieboldiana (SSAM) in the detection of tumor-associated serum antigens produced by patients with ovarian, cervical, and uterine cancer was investigated.
MUC1 mucin	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic|monitoring	cervical cancer	Genital Neoplasms, Female		Humans	serum		8521372	The use of the mucin-specific lectin from Sambucus sieboldiana (SSAM) in the detection of tumor-associated serum antigens produced by patients with ovarian, cervical, and uterine cancer was investigated.
MUC1 mucin	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic|monitoring	uterine cancer	Genital Neoplasms, Female		Humans	serum		8521372	The use of the mucin-specific lectin from Sambucus sieboldiana (SSAM) in the detection of tumor-associated serum antigens produced by patients with ovarian, cervical, and uterine cancer was investigated.
deglycosylated ricin A chain	loss of structure	ricin A chain		Ricin					human immunodeficiency virus	HIV		Human	T cell line	Cell Line	2095203	In a previous study, we have demonstrated that conjugates containing soluble, recombinant human CD4 (rCD4) and the deglycosylated form of ricin A chain (dgA) (rCD4-dgA) effectively kill a human T cell line infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vitro.
N-acetylglucosaminylated glycans	decreased level	transferrin		Transferrin				prognostic	idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus	Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure	shunt surgery	Humans	cerebrospinal fluid		29701803	Brain-type Tf levels decreased in iNPH but rapidly returned to normal levels within 1-3 months after shunt surgery.
N-acetylglucosaminylated glycans	unaltered level	transferrin		Transferrin				prognostic	idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus	Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure	shunt surgery	Humans	cerebrospinal fluid		29701803	Brain-type Tf levels decreased in iNPH but rapidly returned to normal levels within 1-3 months after shunt surgery.
glycosylation	acquisition of structure	soluble CD83		Antigens, CD					experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis	Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental		human	HEK 293T cells	HEK293 Cells	20576314	Using this system, we showed that recombinant sCD83 was LPS-free and effectively glycosylated with all three asparagine residues at least partially involved.
glycosylation	altered level	lysosome-associated membrane protein-1		Lysosomal Membrane Proteins|Membrane Glycoproteins					Th1 responses	Th1 Cells		Mice	macrophages	Macrophages	12165502	Interestingly, the costimulatory activity of M150 depends on its posttranslational modification, which has a distinct glycosylation pattern restricted to macrophages.
6-sulfo sialyl Lewis x	unaltered level	L-selectin ligand glycoproteins		L-Selectin				response	allergic rhinitis	Rhinitis, Allergic	SF1 monoclonal antibody	Mice	nasal-associated lymphoid tissues		37735247	Furthermore, SF1 significantly attenuated ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis in mice in association with significant suppression of Th2 immune responses.
Tn antigen	unaltered level							diagnostic	Cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	cells	Jurkat Cells	32087569	"Thus, specific recognition of the Tn antigen apparently requires that the naturally occurring ""anti-Tn"" IgM recognize a complex epitope comprising the GalNAcα as an essential component and a fairly long amino acid sequence where the amino acids adjacent to GalNAcα do not contact the antibody paratope; i.e., the antibodies recognize a spatial epitope or a molecular pattern rather than a classical continuous sequence."
Glycans	undetermined								Acute Pancreatitis	Pancreatitis		Humans	Plasma		27295536	Plasma Citrulline, Glycans, and Hydrogen Sulfide in Patients With Acute Pancreatitis: Possible Markers of Intestinal Damage.
glycosamine glycans	altered level	fibronectin		Fibronectins					primary open-angle glaucoma	Glaucoma, Open-Angle		Humans	sclera	Sclera	19566040	Active FN expression was ascertained to correspond to the scleral morphological changes characteristic for glaucoma (garneting of collagenous fibers, accumulation of free glycosamine glycans) and to be of focal nature.
N-linked glycans	altered level	PrP(C)		PrPC Proteins								human	peripheral blood mononuclear cells	Leukocytes, Mononuclear	11161453	Immunoblotting studies revealed that the PrP(C) glycoforms and the composition of the N-linked glycans on PrP(C) in human PBMC are different from those of the brain or the neuroblastoma cells.
MECA-79 sulfated glycans	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1	N-acetylglucosamine-6-O-sulfotransferase 2		Sulfotransferases|Carbohydrate Sulfotransferases	diagnostic	cholangiolocellular carcinoma			human	cholangiocytes		27748735	The present study was undertaken to determine whether sulfated glycans recognized by the MECA-79 monoclonal antibody could serve as a CoCC marker.
Lewis X trisaccharide [Galβ1-4 (Fucα1-3) GlcNAc]	acquisition of structure								apoptosis in neural stem cells	Apoptosis		Mice	Neural stem cells	Neural Stem Cells	29019053	N-glycans carrying the Lewis X trisaccharide [Galβ1-4 (Fucα1-3) GlcNAc] are expressed by neural stem cells (NSCs) exclusively before differentiation, and they actively contribute to the maintenance of stemness of these cells.
N-linked glycans	unaltered level														19787684	In the second set of experiments, the total tryptic digests were treated with endoglycosidase PNGase F to cleave off the N-linked glycans.
glycosylated hemoglobin	increased level	hemoglobin A1c protein, human		hemoglobin A1c protein, human				diagnostic	increased visceral fat area			Humans	Intra-Abdominal Fat	Humans|Intra-Abdominal Fat	26239161	As glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is positively correlated with VFA in diabetic patients, we hypothesized that the same correlation would exist in nondiabetic PD patients.
O-linked carbohydrates	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1	peptidyl N-acetylgalactosamine transferases				breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	ascites fluid	Ascites	11300473	We have purified soluble MUC1 from ascites fluid of breast/pancreatic cancer patients (ASC-MUC1) and quantitated O-linked carbohydrates.
O-linked carbohydrates	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1	peptidyl N-acetylgalactosamine transferases				pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	ascites fluid	Ascites	11300473	We have purified soluble MUC1 from ascites fluid of breast/pancreatic cancer patients (ASC-MUC1) and quantitated O-linked carbohydrates.
sialyl Lewis a	increased level							prognostic	ductal carcinoma of the pancreas	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	ductal carcinoma of the pancreas	Pancreatic Neoplasms	10606190	Increased expression of sialyl Lewis antigens, sLe(a) and sLe(x), is frequent during malignant transformation and tumor progression of gastrointestinal cancers and it is assumed to be correlated with the increased metastatic potential of tumor cells and, consequently, with poor patient survival.
sialyl Lewis x	increased level							prognostic	ductal carcinoma of the pancreas	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	ductal carcinoma of the pancreas	Pancreatic Neoplasms	10606190	Increased expression of sialyl Lewis antigens, sLe(a) and sLe(x), is frequent during malignant transformation and tumor progression of gastrointestinal cancers and it is assumed to be correlated with the increased metastatic potential of tumor cells and, consequently, with poor patient survival.
N-Linked oligosaccharides	altered level	CAMPATH-1H		Alemtuzumab					lymphoma		therapy		Chinese hamster ovary|Y0 myeloma|NS0 myeloma cell lines	Cells, Cultured|Cells, Cultured|Cells, Cultured	8720080	Both the glycosylation pattern and the biological activity of CAMPATH-1H, as measured by antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, were markedly affected by the cell line used to express the antibody.
N-Linked oligosaccharides	altered level	CAMPATH-1H		Alemtuzumab					leukaemia		therapy		Chinese hamster ovary|Y0 myeloma|NS0 myeloma cell lines	Cells, Cultured|Cells, Cultured|Cells, Cultured	8720080	Both the glycosylation pattern and the biological activity of CAMPATH-1H, as measured by antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, were markedly affected by the cell line used to express the antibody.
N-Linked oligosaccharides	altered level	CAMPATH-1H		Alemtuzumab					rheumatoid arthritis		therapy		Chinese hamster ovary|Y0 myeloma|NS0 myeloma cell lines	Cells, Cultured|Cells, Cultured|Cells, Cultured	8720080	Both the glycosylation pattern and the biological activity of CAMPATH-1H, as measured by antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, were markedly affected by the cell line used to express the antibody.
underglycosylated IgA1	increased level	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A					IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans	palatal tonsils	Palatine Tonsil	33324395	The characteristic pathology involves immune complexes formed by the deposition of IgA1 and underglycosylated IgA1 aggregates in the mesangial area, which may be accompanied by the deposition of IgG and/or IgM and complement components.
galactosylation in the IgA1 hinge region	increased level	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A					IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans	palatal tonsils	Palatine Tonsil	33324395	When miR-630 was overexpressed in palatal tonsil mononuclear cells from IgAN patients, the expression of TLR4 was reduced and the content of IgA1 in the cell culture supernatant was decreased, and the level of galactosylation in the IgA1 hinge region was increased.
glycoproteins	altered level							diagnostic	XMEN disease	X-Linked Combined Immunodeficiency Diseases		Humans	T lymphocytes	Humans	31714901	We also performed glycoproteomics analysis on T lymphocytes and show that XMEN disease is a congenital disorder of glycosylation that affects a restricted subset of glycoproteins.
core fucosylation	decreased level	PD-1		Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor	Fut8		Fucosyltransferases|Glycoprotein 6-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase	predictive	tumor	Neoplasms, Experimental		mouse	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	28768188	Inhibition of Fut8, a core fucosyltransferase, by genetic ablation or pharmacologic inhibition reduced cell-surface expression of PD-1 and enhanced T cell activation, leading to more efficient tumor eradication.
mannoprotein	unaltered level	Mplp6		mannoproteins				diagnostic	Penicillium marneffei infection			Penicillium marneffei	yeast form		20608782	The MPLP6 transcript was present specifically in the pathogenic yeast form.
mannose	increased level	CD61		ITGB3 protein, human|Integrin beta3				diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		human	extracellular vesicles	Extracellular Vesicles	33345458	Mannose-binding lectins exhibited significantly higher signals for AP-derived EVs than HD-derived EVs.
glyco-chains	altered level	carcinoembryonic antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen				diagnostic	clinical diagnosis			E. coli	E. coli cells	Humans	22884622	Signals for glyco-chains conjugated with CEA were detectable using 6 kinds of HRP-labeled lectins, namely PHA-E, PHA-L, SBA, Con A, LCA, and DSA, with much higher sensitivities and S/N ratios.
N-linked glycosylation	altered level	BST-2		BST2 protein, human					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	intracellular CD63-positive vesicles	Multivesicular Bodies	26938549	Here, we confirmed that mutation of glycosylation sites exerted an effect of post-translational mis-trafficking, leading to an accumulation of BST-2 at intracellular CD63-positive vesicles.
N-linked glycosylation	altered level	BST-2		BST2 protein, human					Hepatitis B virus	Hepatitis B virus		Humans	intracellular CD63-positive vesicles	Multivesicular Bodies	26938549	Here, we confirmed that mutation of glycosylation sites exerted an effect of post-translational mis-trafficking, leading to an accumulation of BST-2 at intracellular CD63-positive vesicles.
Glycosylation	undetermined								Glioblastoma	Glioblastoma		Humans	Brain Neoplasms	Brain Neoplasms	20680400	Interestingly, the human HSS1 (hHSS1) gene is located at chromosome 19q13.33, a genomic region implicated in various cancers, including malignant glioma.
beta-N-acetylglucosamine	increased level	glycoprotein-Ib		Acetylglucosamine|Platelet Glycoprotein GPIb-IX Complex					chilled platelet clearance			Humans|Mice	Blood Platelets	Blood Platelets	19783995	Rapid chilling causes glycoprotein-Ib (GPIb) receptors to cluster on blood platelets.
galactose	increased level	glycoprotein-Ib		Galactose|Platelet Glycoprotein GPIb-IX Complex					chilled platelet clearance			Humans|Mice	Blood Platelets	Blood Platelets	19783995	We report here that prolonged refrigeration increased the density and concentration of exposed galactose residues on platelets such that hepatocytes, through Ashwell-Morell receptor binding, become increasingly involved in platelet removal.
glycosylation	undetermined	Membrane Cofactor Protein		Membrane Cofactor Protein					fertility	Fertility		mouse	sperm	Spermatozoa	12640142	These data suggest that CD46 may have some role in regulating sperm acrosome reaction.
glycated serum protein	altered level	serum albumin		Serum Albumin				diagnostic|risk	diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus		human	blood		31089471	GSP is influenced by genetic factors and can be used to assess glycemia and diabetes risk.
glycosylation at position 415	acquisition of structure	E2 protein		glycoprotein E2, Hepatitis C virus				response	Hepatitis C, Chronic	Hepatitis C, Chronic	liver transplantation	Humans	serum		24956119	It has been previously reported that N415 is not glycosylated in the wild-type E2 protein, but N417S can lead to glycosylation at position 415.
gp130	increased level	MUC18		CD146 Antigen|MCAM protein, human					viral warts			human	skin	Dermis|Epidermis	16098047	Marked induction was detected within benign and malignant tumors of various origins including viral warts, basal cell carcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, metastatic melanomas, and cutaneous T cell lymphomas.
gp130	increased level	MUC18		CD146 Antigen|MCAM protein, human					basal cell carcinomas	Carcinoma, Basal Cell		human	skin	Dermis|Epidermis	16098047	Marked induction was detected within benign and malignant tumors of various origins including viral warts, basal cell carcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, metastatic melanomas, and cutaneous T cell lymphomas.
gp130	increased level	MUC18		CD146 Antigen|MCAM protein, human					squamous cell carcinomas	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell		human	skin	Dermis|Epidermis	16098047	Marked induction was detected within benign and malignant tumors of various origins including viral warts, basal cell carcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, metastatic melanomas, and cutaneous T cell lymphomas.
gp130	increased level	MUC18		CD146 Antigen|MCAM protein, human					metastatic melanomas			human	skin	Dermis|Epidermis	16098047	Marked induction was detected within benign and malignant tumors of various origins including viral warts, basal cell carcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, metastatic melanomas, and cutaneous T cell lymphomas.
gp130	increased level	MUC18		CD146 Antigen|MCAM protein, human					cutaneous T cell lymphomas	Lymphoma, T-Cell		human	skin	Dermis|Epidermis	16098047	Marked induction was detected within benign and malignant tumors of various origins including viral warts, basal cell carcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas, metastatic melanomas, and cutaneous T cell lymphomas.
gp130	increased level	MUC18		CD146 Antigen|MCAM protein, human					psoriasis	Psoriasis		human	skin	Dermis|Epidermis	16098047	Surprisingly, gp130 was also induced in inflammatory skin diseases including psoriasis and allergic contact dermatitis.
gp130	increased level	MUC18		CD146 Antigen|MCAM protein, human					allergic contact dermatitis	Dermatitis, Allergic Contact		human	skin	Dermis|Epidermis	16098047	Surprisingly, gp130 was also induced in inflammatory skin diseases including psoriasis and allergic contact dermatitis.
glycosylation	undetermined	CD39/ATPDase		Antigens, CD|Adenosine Triphosphatases|Apyrase|CD39 antigen					thrombotic responses			Humans	endothelial cells|platelets|leukocytes	Endothelium, Vascular|Blood Platelets|Leukocytes	10595651	Thrombotic and inflammatory responses may be modulated by the expression of CD39/ATPDase.
glycosylation	undetermined	CD39/ATPDase		Antigens, CD|Adenosine Triphosphatases|Apyrase|CD39 antigen					inflammatory responses			Humans	endothelial cells|platelets|leukocytes	Endothelium, Vascular|Blood Platelets|Leukocytes	10595651	Thrombotic and inflammatory responses may be modulated by the expression of CD39/ATPDase.
galactose-N-acetylgalactosamine	acquisition of structure	CD4(+) T cells		Glycoproteins					immune regulation			human	peripheral blood mononuclear cells	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes|T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory	24174970	O-glycosidically-linked glycans have been involved in development, maturation, homing, and immune regulation in T cells.
N-acetylgalactosamine	acquisition of structure	CD4(+) T cells		Glycoproteins					immune regulation			human	peripheral blood mononuclear cells	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes|T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory	24174970	O-glycosidically-linked glycans have been involved in development, maturation, homing, and immune regulation in T cells.
sialyl-Lewis(x)	altered level								head and neck tumours	Head and Neck Neoplasms		Humans	epithelial and lymphoid tumours	Lymphoma	10473870	Epithelial expression of sLe(x) and sLe(a) glycans was higher in benign than in malignant lesions in both epithelial and lymphoid tumours.
sialyl-Lewis(a)	altered level								head and neck tumours	Head and Neck Neoplasms		Humans	epithelial and lymphoid tumours	Lymphoma	10473870	Epithelial expression of sLe(x) and sLe(a) glycans was higher in benign than in malignant lesions in both epithelial and lymphoid tumours.
β-(1 → 3)-glucan	undetermined								hyperlipidemia						30742925	In vivo NRFP reduced the hyperlipidemia, hepatotoxicity, cardiovascular and coronary diseases induced by Triton X-100.
β-(1 → 3)-glucan	undetermined								hepatotoxicity						30742925	In vivo NRFP reduced the hyperlipidemia, hepatotoxicity, cardiovascular and coronary diseases induced by Triton X-100.
β-(1 → 3)-glucan	undetermined								cardiovascular disease						30742925	In vivo NRFP reduced the hyperlipidemia, hepatotoxicity, cardiovascular and coronary diseases induced by Triton X-100.
β-(1 → 3)-glucan	undetermined								coronary disease						30742925	In vivo NRFP reduced the hyperlipidemia, hepatotoxicity, cardiovascular and coronary diseases induced by Triton X-100.
alpha 1-antitrypsin	altered level	alpha 1-antitrypsin		alpha 1-Antitrypsin				diagnostic	autoimmune diseases	Autoimmune Diseases		Humans			7687239	Recent studies from this laboratory have shown that a monoclonal antibody prepared against a specific epitope on alpha 1-antitrypsin is a valuable diagnostic marker for autoimmune conditions.
fucosylation	increased level				GMDS		GMDS protein, human	diagnostic	lung adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma of Lung|Lung Neoplasms		human	lung adenocarcinoma cells	A549 Cells	29843634	GMDS expression is significantly upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma at both mRNA and protein levels.
quercetin 3-O-glucoside	increased level							response	obesity	Obesity		Mice	epididymal adipose tissues	Adipocytes	28869898	The Q3G dose-dependently reduced the TG contents and lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells, by 52% and 60% at 20μM, respectively, compared to differentiated control (100%), which were 1.6-fold and 2.4-fold higher reduction than Quer.
quercetin 3-O-glucoside	increased level							response	obesity	Obesity		Mice	liver tissues		28869898	The Q3G also reduced the levels of the lipid metabolism-associated proteins, PPAR-γ, SREBP-1c, and FAS in the liver tissues.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				response	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	vaccine	Humans	MCF-7 cells	MCF-7 Cells	27367740	These peptides elicited CTLs from normal donors, as well as breast cancer patients, which were highly effective in killing MUC1-expressing MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
MUC1	decreased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					Helicobacter pylori infection	Helicobacter Infections		Humans	gastrointestinal epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	24826891	The expression of a series of junctional molecules and MUC1 decreased in the cultured cells that were infected with H. pylori.
MUC1	decreased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					Helicobacter pylori infection	Helicobacter Infections		Humans	gastrointestinal epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	24826891	Similarly, we noted that H. pylori infection could reduce the expression and glycosylation of MUC1.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	MUC6		MUC6 protein, human|Mucin-6	UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine: polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases (ppGalNAc-Ts)		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases|Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase	response	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	anticancer vaccines	human	MCF7 breast cancer cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	16449349	Recently, we have shown that the MCF7 breast cancer cell line expresses MUC6-Tn glycoproteins in vivo.
glycated albumin	altered level	albumin		Serum Albumin|Glycated Serum Albumin				diagnostic	diabetes			Humans	blood	Blood Glucose	23019309	Glycated albumin, fructosamine, and 1,5-AG were more strongly correlated with Hb A(1c) compared with fasting glucose (all P values <0.05).
fructosamine	altered level			Fructosamine				diagnostic	diabetes			Humans	blood	Blood Glucose	23019309	Fructosamine and glycated albumin may be useful adjuncts to Hb A(1c) and fasting glucose.
1,5-anhydroglucitol	altered level			1,5-anhydroglucitol				diagnostic	diabetes			Humans	blood	Blood Glucose	23019309	1,5-Anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG), fructosamine, and glycated albumin are of increasing interest as alternative measures of hyperglycemia.
N-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	UL18							Cytomegalovirus	Cytomegalovirus		Humans			18632577	The crystal structure suggests that most of the UL18 surface, except where LIR-1 and the host-derived light chain bind, is covered by carbohydrates attached to 13 potential N-glycosylation sites, thereby preventing access to bound peptide and association with most MHCI-binding proteins.
glycosylated forms	altered level	nonspecific cross-reacting antigen (NCA)		Antigens, Neoplasm								rodent	cells	Cell Line	2085465	We show here that nonspecific cross-reacting antigen (NCA), a closely related CEA family member, is found on the surface of rodent cells transfected with functional NCA complementary DNA in different glycosylated forms, all of which can be deglycosylated to an Mr 35,000 core protein.
total sialic acid	increased level	serum glycoproteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		Humans	serum		24346772	The serum levels of TSA in RA and SLE patients were significantly increased compared to controls and in RA patients were higher than that in SSc patients.
total sialic acid	increased level	serum glycoproteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	systemic lupus erythematosus	Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic		Humans	serum		24346772	The serum levels of TSA in RA and SLE patients were significantly increased compared to controls and in RA patients were higher than that in SSc patients.
free sialic acid	increased level	serum glycoproteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		Humans	serum		24346772	The mean serum level of FSA in RA patients was significantly higher, but in SSc patients significantly lower than that in the controls, and in RA patients was significantly higher than in SLE and in SSc patients.
free sialic acid	decreased level	serum glycoproteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	systemic sclerosis	Scleroderma, Systemic		Humans	serum		24346772	The mean serum level of FSA in RA patients was significantly higher, but in SSc patients significantly lower than that in the controls, and in RA patients was significantly higher than in SLE and in SSc patients.
sialic acid	undetermined	S2V		SIGLEC7 protein, human								human	red blood cells	Erythrocytes	11328818	When expressed in COS-7 cells, S2V was able to mediate sialic acid-dependent binding to human red blood cells, suggesting that S2V may function through cell-cell interaction.
N-glycan	loss of structure	CD19		Antigens, CD19|CD19 antigen, mouse	N-acetylglucosaminyl transferase I	Mgat1	MGAT1 protein, mouse|N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		B cell development			mouse	B cells	Precursor Cells, B-Lymphoid	32591389	In this study, we report that N-glycan branching is absolutely required for development of mature B cells in mice.
branch alpha(1,3)-fucosylated triantennary glycan	increased level							diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	blood serum		17683101	In this study, we found that a branch alpha(1,3)-fucosylated triantennary glycan was more abundant in patients with HCC than in patients with cirrhosis, patients with fibrosis, and healthy blood donors, whereas a bisecting core alpha(1,6)-fucosylated biantennary glycan was elevated in patients with cirrhosis.
bisecting core alpha(1,6)-fucosylated biantennary glycan	increased level							diagnostic	liver cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	blood serum		17683101	In this study, we found that a branch alpha(1,3)-fucosylated triantennary glycan was more abundant in patients with HCC than in patients with cirrhosis, patients with fibrosis, and healthy blood donors, whereas a bisecting core alpha(1,6)-fucosylated biantennary glycan was elevated in patients with cirrhosis.
Gal-beta1,3-GalNAc (T-antigen)	unaltered level	Sclerotinia sclerotiorum agglutinin (SSA)		Agglutinins|Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate|Fungal Proteins|Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen								Sclerotinia sclerotiorum			20566411	Glycan array screening indicates that SSA readily interacts with Gal/GalNAc-bearing glycan chains.
Tn antigen	unaltered level	bovine serum albumin		Serum Albumin, Bovine				diagnostic	cancer			human	serum	Humans	36657889	In this study, an assay for detection of the cancer biomarker Thomsen-nouvelle (Tn) antigen on the ELISA plates format was designed and developed.
Sialyl-Tn antigen	altered level							prognostic	cancers				tumour microenvironments	Cell Line, Tumor	35106570	Sialyl-Tn (sTn) antigen is a tumour-associating carbohydrate epitope whose expression correlates with metastasis and poor prognosis of various cancers; however, its pathophysiological function is poorly understood.
L2/HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope	unaltered level	neural cell adhesion molecules							neural cell migration and outgrowth of processes from neurons and astrocytes						7533016	We used synthetic glycolipids carrying sulfated or non-sulfated glucuronic acid attached to ceramide through glycans of different length to show that not only the sulfated glucuronic acid but also the neolactosyl-type backbone is essential for the recognition of the L2/HNK-1 carbohydrate by a monoclonal antibody, its binding to laminin and its role in neural cell migration and outgrowth of processes from neurons and astrocytes.
tri-antennary N-linked glycan	loss of structure	asialofetuin		asialofetuin									COS-7 cells		7541348	A glycopeptide with a single tri-antennary N-linked glycan purified from ASF bound to the hetero-oligomeric receptor, but did not bind detectably to H1-expressing COS-7 cells.
mannosylated N-glycans	increased level	salivary proteins		Salivary Proteins and Peptides				diagnostic	lung adenocarcinoma			Humans	saliva	Saliva	38847917	The proportion of mannosylated N-glycans was notably higher in ADC (31.7%), SCC (39.0%), and SCLC (46.6%) compared to BPD (23.3%).
mannosylated N-glycans	increased level	salivary proteins		Salivary Proteins and Peptides				diagnostic	squamous cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell		Humans	saliva	Saliva	38847917	The proportion of mannosylated N-glycans was notably higher in ADC (31.7%), SCC (39.0%), and SCLC (46.6%) compared to BPD (23.3%).
mannosylated N-glycans	increased level	salivary proteins		Salivary Proteins and Peptides				diagnostic	small cell lung cancer			Humans	saliva	Saliva	38847917	The proportion of mannosylated N-glycans was notably higher in ADC (31.7%), SCC (39.0%), and SCLC (46.6%) compared to BPD (23.3%).
Tn antigen	increased level	prohibitin 2			GALNT6		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases|UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 6	prognostic	clear cell renal cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Renal Cell|Kidney Neoplasms		Humans	ccRCC tissues		39105355	High expression of truncated O-glycans Tn antigen predicts adverse clinical outcome in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).
CD24-associated carbohydrate epitopes	altered level	CD24		CD24 Antigen|CD24 protein, human				diagnostic	leukemia	Leukemia		Human	T lymphocytes|hematopoietic cell lines	T-Lymphocytes|Cell Line	8874203	Together, the data indicate that a number of CD24-associated carbohydrate epitopes have a broader tissue distribution than the CD24 protein and are expressed on additional GPI-linked molecule(s).
Galactose-deficient IgA1	increased level	Immunoglobulin A		Immunoglobulin A	ST6Gal1		ST6GAL1 protein, human	diagnostic	Immunoglobulin A nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans	B cells	Leukocytes, Mononuclear	32677771	Among them, ST6Gal1, which was associated with IgAN in a previous genome-wide association study (GWAS), was up-regulated in IgAN and significantly positive correlated with elevated Gd-IgA1.
Galactose-deficient IgA1	decreased level	Immunoglobulin A		Immunoglobulin A	C1GALT1		C1GALT1 protein, human	response	Immunoglobulin A nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA	rST6Gal1 administration	Humans	peripheral blood mononuclear cells	Leukocytes, Mononuclear	32677771	Additionally, rST6Gal1 administration in vitro increased expression of C1GALT1 and reduced the production of Gd-IgA1.
galactosylated streptavidin	increased ratio							diagnostic	colon carcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		mouse	xenograft		12136523	By using galactosylated streptavidin (gal-SA) as a clearing agent for biotinylated Abs, and by using an 111In-DTPA (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid) label, clearance was directed to hepatocytes (as opposed to Kupffer cells), and the radiolabel was excreted by the hepatocytes into bile, thereby reducing accumulation in the liver.
galactosylated streptavidin	increased ratio							diagnostic	B-cell lymphoma	Lymphoma, B-Cell		mouse	xenograft		12136523	We also tested the gal-SA clearance method with a xenograft model of human B-cell lymphoma, using anti-CD22.
MUC1	undetermined	MUC1		Mucin-1					adenocarcinomas of the breast		immune therapy	human	breast and pancreatic ductal epithelial cells		8910002	In adenocarcinomas of the breast and pancreas, underglycosylation of the glycoprotein MUC1, also expressed by normal breast and pancreatic ductal epithelial cells, results in new protein epitopes to which the immune system mounts a cytotoxic T cell response.
MUC1	undetermined	MUC1		Mucin-1					adenocarcinomas of the pancreas		immune therapy	human	breast and pancreatic ductal epithelial cells		8910002	In adenocarcinomas of the breast and pancreas, underglycosylation of the glycoprotein MUC1, also expressed by normal breast and pancreatic ductal epithelial cells, results in new protein epitopes to which the immune system mounts a cytotoxic T cell response.
sialyl Lewis A	unaltered level							diagnostic	tumor metastasis			human	osteoblasts	Osteoblasts	22593503	Analysis of sLeA expression in both types of culture, 2D and 3D showed no detectable staining.
sialyl Lewis X	altered level							diagnostic	tumor metastasis			human	osteoblasts	Osteoblasts	22593503	After 5 days, in the 2D culture, expression of sLeX was weak, but the 3D culture (after 56 weeks) displayed a strong expression.
Lewis Y	altered level							diagnostic	tumor metastasis			human	osteoblasts	Osteoblasts	22593503	LeY was expressed very slightly in the 2D culture, however LeY was not detectable in the 3D culture.
Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen	altered level							diagnostic	tumor metastasis			human	osteoblasts	Osteoblasts	22593503	The TF epitope was identified in the 2D cell culture model. In the 3D model, however, TF was completely lacking.
2-keto-Gal	acquisition of structure	single-chain antibody		Antibodies, Monoclonal	polypeptide-alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase II				breast cancer			human	breast cancer cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	19507852	The fluorescence labeled scFv proteins bind specifically to a human breast cancer cell line (SK-BR-3) that overexpresses the HER2 receptor, indicating that the in vitro folded scFv fusion proteins are biologically active and the presence of conjugated multiple Alexa488 probes in their C-terminal end does not interfere with their binding to the antigen.
sialylation	increased level	complement C3		Complement C3				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	plasma		18311904	Patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer or adenomas were shown to have dramatically higher levels of sialylation and fucosylation as compared to normal controls.
fucosylation	increased level	complement C3		Complement C3				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	plasma		18311904	Patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer or adenomas were shown to have dramatically higher levels of sialylation and fucosylation as compared to normal controls.
sialylation	increased level	histidine-rich glycoprotein		Histidine-Rich Glycoprotein				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	plasma		18311904	The potential markers identified in this study for diagnosis to distinguish colorectal cancer from adenoma and normal include elevated sialylation and fucosylation in complement C3, histidine-rich glycoprotein, and kininogen-1.
fucosylation	increased level	histidine-rich glycoprotein		Histidine-Rich Glycoprotein				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	plasma		18311904	The potential markers identified in this study for diagnosis to distinguish colorectal cancer from adenoma and normal include elevated sialylation and fucosylation in complement C3, histidine-rich glycoprotein, and kininogen-1.
sialylation	increased level	kininogen-1		Kininogens				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	plasma		18311904	The potential markers identified in this study for diagnosis to distinguish colorectal cancer from adenoma and normal include elevated sialylation and fucosylation in complement C3, histidine-rich glycoprotein, and kininogen-1.
fucosylation	increased level	kininogen-1		Kininogens				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	plasma		18311904	The potential markers identified in this study for diagnosis to distinguish colorectal cancer from adenoma and normal include elevated sialylation and fucosylation in complement C3, histidine-rich glycoprotein, and kininogen-1.
core 2 O-glycans	increased level	CD43	SPN	Antigens, CD|Leukosialin|SPN protein, human|Sialoglycoproteins					infection			Humans	Caco-2 Cells	Caco-2 Cells	11489420	These observations strongly support the possibility that core 2 O-glycans on mucins such as CD43 are important to primary defense on the intestinal epithelium against infection.
transferrin glycoforms	altered level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	clinical diagnosis			human	serum|cerebrospinal fluid	Humans|	19180533	The use of ESI-Q-TOF in combination with theoretical mapping of possible glycan variants by Diophantine mass analysis allows identification of transferrin (Tf) glycoforms in different biological fluids including human serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
N-glycosylation	altered level	ALCAM|CD24		ALCAM protein, human|Antigens, CD	MAN1A1		Mannosidases	prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	29381688	We recently showed that low mRNA levels of Golgi alpha-mannosidase MAN1A1 correlate with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients.
CD40	altered level			CD40 Antigens					hyper-IgM syndrome	Hyper-IgM Immunodeficiency Syndrome		Humans	B-Lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes	20702779	Genetic defects affecting CD40 cause a rare form of hyper-immunoglobulin M (IgM) syndrome, a disorder characterized by low or absent serum IgG and IgA, associated with recurrent infections.
KL-6/MUC1 glycosylation	decreased level	KL-6/MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				response	pancreatic cancer	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal|Pancreatic Neoplasms	N-/O-glycosylation inhibitors (tunicamycin and benzyl-N-acetyl-α-galactosaminide)	Human	pancreatic cancer tissues	Pancreatic Neoplasms	25232251	The expression profile of KL-6/MUC1 was significantly decreased after treatment with the inhibitors.
glycosylated CD133	acquisition of structure	CD133		AC133 Antigen|Antigens, CD|Glycoproteins|PROM1 protein, human					prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	prostate cancer cell lines	Prostate|Prostatic Neoplasms	19047148	Using a series of CD133 monoclonal antibodies, attachment and growth of CD133+ PrECs requires surface expression of full-length glycosylated CD133 protein.
Fc epsilon receptor II (Fc epsilon RII/CD23)	unaltered level	Fc epsilon receptor II		Receptors, Fc|Receptors, IgE					B cell growth	B-Lymphocytes		Xenopus laevis|CHO cells|yeast|human	oocytes|CHO cells|yeast|B cell line	Oocytes|B-Lymphocytes	2523938	However, the recombinant soluble Fc epsilon RII and highly purified native molecules did not display any B cell growth-promoting activity.
κ-casein	altered level	κ-casein		Caseins					disease resistance			Mammals	Milk	Milk	21801421	We found that 3 proteins κ-casein, lactadherin, and muc1 have undergone the highest change in isoelectric point during evolution.
muc1	altered level	muc1		Mucin-1					disease resistance			Mammals	Milk	Milk	21801421	We found that 3 proteins κ-casein, lactadherin, and muc1 have undergone the highest change in isoelectric point during evolution.
MUC1-Tn	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				monitoring	cancer	Breast Neoplasms	vaccination with a truncated MUC1 peptide	human	serum		21194532	Using this system, we could confirm the presence of MUC1-Tn antibodies in the serum of a patient vaccinated with a truncated MUC1 peptide.
Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (T antigen) disaccharide	undetermined	asialofetuin		asialofetuin	endo-alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase		alpha-N-Acetylgalactosaminidase		cancer metastasis						11269400	Since the transglycosylation product, beta-D-Gal-(1-->3)-alpha-D-GalNAc-(1-->O)-hexyl, efficiently inhibits the binding of anti-T antigen monoclonal antibody to asialofetuin, it has potential as an agent for blocking T antigen-mediated cancer metastasis.
serum glycans	increased level							diagnostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		32156505	We observed that all the serum glycans tested in the patients were significantly higher than those in the controls (P < 0.05).
tri-antennary glycan carrying Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc substituents on C-2 and C-4 of Man alpha 1----3 and C-2 of Man alpha 1----6 core residues	increased level											Tetracarpidium conophorum	seeds	Seeds	1711034	The lectin shows highest affinity for a tri-antennary glycan carrying Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc substituents on C-2 and C-4 of Man alpha 1----3 and C-2 of Man alpha 1----6 core residues.
2,3-sialylated glycans	increased level								stem cell function			human	mesenchymal stem cell	Mesenchymal Stem Cells	25422949	MS analysis revealed that 2,3-sialylated glycans, a potential marker of stem cell function, were more abundant on hMSCs expanded on FN-coated surface than on those expanded on PS-MBP-FGF2.
N-linked glycosylation	unaltered level	PD-1		Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor					melanoma	Melanoma	toripalimab				30892132	The glycan modifications of PD-1 could be observed in three potential N-linked glycosylation sites, while no substantial influences were detected to the binding of toripalimab.
α2-6 sialylation	increased level							prognostic|monitoring	bladder cancer	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	blood plasma		30040854	Indeed, α2-6 sialylation and β1-6 branching were able to predict recurrence from the NED state using a Cox proportional hazards regression model adjusted for age, gender, and time from cancer.
β1-6 branching	increased level							prognostic|monitoring	bladder cancer	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	blood plasma		30040854	Indeed, α2-6 sialylation and β1-6 branching were able to predict recurrence from the NED state using a Cox proportional hazards regression model adjusted for age, gender, and time from cancer.
β1-4 branching	increased level							prognostic|monitoring	bladder cancer	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	blood plasma		30040854	Markers for α2-6 sialylation, β1-4 branching, β1-6 branching, and outer-arm fucosylation were able to separate current and former (NED) cases from certifiably healthy controls (ROC curve c-statistics ~ 0.80); but NED, NMIBC, and MIBC were not distinguished from one another.
outer-arm fucosylation	increased level							prognostic|monitoring	bladder cancer	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	blood plasma		30040854	Markers for α2-6 sialylation, β1-4 branching, β1-6 branching, and outer-arm fucosylation were able to separate current and former (NED) cases from certifiably healthy controls (ROC curve c-statistics ~ 0.80); but NED, NMIBC, and MIBC were not distinguished from one another.
LewisX (LeX) glycan	increased level	Tenascin C|Receptor Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase β/ζ		Tenascin|Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 5					neural precursor cells			mouse	spinal cord	Spinal Cord	23624942	The increase in immunoreactivity correlates with an expression increase of the extracellular matrix molecules Tenascin C and Receptor Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase β/ζ, two potential LeX carrier proteins.
Tn	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					breast carcinoma	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast carcinoma cells	Breast Neoplasms	28414807	We have used the sensitive force probe optical tweezers to quantify the interactions occurring between MGL lectins and MUC1 carrying the cancer-associated glycan antigens mucins Tn and STn.
STn	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					breast carcinoma	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast carcinoma cells	Breast Neoplasms	28414807	We have used the sensitive force probe optical tweezers to quantify the interactions occurring between MGL lectins and MUC1 carrying the cancer-associated glycan antigens mucins Tn and STn.
N-linked glycan at position 386	loss of structure	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120				risk	HIV-associated dementia	AIDS Dementia Complex		Humans	blood or lymphoid tissue	Blood	17599380	Loss of a glycan at 386 was more frequent in Envs from HAD patients (26%; n=185) compared with non-HAD patients (7%; n=99; p<0.001).
N-glycan	loss of structure	Membrane Cofactor Protein		Membrane Cofactor Protein					Measles	Measles		Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	8764003	These results indicate that the N-glycan attached to SCR2 is essential for MCP to serve as a measles virus receptor, while the oligosaccharides attached to SCR1 and SCR4 are of only minor importance.
glycan structure	altered level														17503376	In addition, we extract specific features from various types of glycan data using our trained SVM.
Lewis x	loss of structure				fucosyltransferase 9		fucosyltransferase 9, mouse		Fut9 knockout			mouse	kidney	Kidney	26244810	Our analyses demonstrated that 24/32 glycoproteins contained the Le(x) N-glycan structure in wild-type kidney; of these, Le(x) was lost from 21 in the knockout mice.
sialyl Lewis x	acquisition of structure				fucosyltransferase-IV and -VII			response	acute lung injury	Acute Lung Injury	anti-sLe<sup>x</sup> mAb F2	mouse	lung	Lung	37057964	Here, we show that the infiltration of neutrophils, major inflammatory cells causing ALI, into the lung is mediated by sialyl Lewis x (sLe<sup>x</sup>) glycans, which can be efficiently suppressed by a monoclonal antibody (mAb) against these glycans.
fucosylated glycan	acquisition of structure	AFP-L3		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	serum		35536554	The low diagnostic sensitivity of AFP led researchers to focus on AFP-L3, which has the same sequence as conventional AFP but contains a fucosylated glycan.
N-glycosylation	altered level	LAMP-1		Lysosomal Membrane Proteins					metastasis	Neoplasm Metastasis		mouse	macrophage x melanoma fusion hybrids	Hybrid Cells	10644005	Analyses revealed that altered N-glycosylation in metastatic hybrids could explain the multiple phenotypic changes.
N-glycosylation	altered level	tyrosinase		Monophenol Monooxygenase					melanogenesis			mouse	macrophage x melanoma fusion hybrids	Hybrid Cells	10644005	These results indicate N-glycosylation as an important regulatory pathway for MSH-induced melanogenesis, and further suggest that altered N-linked glycosylation may be an underlying mechanism for regulation of both melanogenesis and metastasis in macrophage x melanoma hybrids.
A2	unaltered level	Prothrombin		Prothrombin					Warfarin therapy	Warfarin	Warfarin	Humans	Liver		32594109	Eight types of glycan were characterized in both groups, although generation of PIVKA-II in the warfarin-treated individuals did not lead to variation in glycosylation of prothrombin.
monosialylated O-glycan	acquisition of structure				Gal beta 1----3GalNAc-R:alpha 2----3 sialyltransferase		beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase					rat	brain	Brain	2472271	The enzyme leading to synthesis of this monosialylated O-glycan was identified as a Gal beta 1----3GalNAc-R:alpha 2----3 sialyltransferase.
disialylated O-glycans	acquisition of structure				Neu5Ac alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----3GalNAc-R:alpha 2----6 sialyltransferase		beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase					rat	brain	Brain	2472271	This enzyme was responsible for the synthesis of disialylated O-glycans.
LewisX	unaltered level	Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1	Lrp1	Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1|Lrp1 protein, mouse				diagnostic	oligodendrogenesis			mouse	neural stem cells	Neural Stem Cells	23615909	Furthermore, we identified LRP1, a member of the LDL receptor family, as a new LeX carrier protein expressed by mouse neural stem cells.
6'-sulfo-sialyl Lewisx	unaltered level	Siglec-8		SIGLEC8 protein, human					asthma			Human	eosinophils|mast cells|basophils	Humans|Humans|Humans	32744401	The tetrasaccharide 6'-sulfo-sialyl Lewisx has been identified as a specific Siglec-8 ligand in glycan array screening.
high-mannose-type N-glycans	increased level	Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus		Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus				response	Influenza, Human	Influenza, Human		Human	Dendritic Cells	Dendritic Cells	27099319	Our results show that high-mannose-type and single-GlcNAc-type N-glycans, but not complex-type N-glycans, are capable of inducing more active hIL12 p40, hIL12 p70, and hIL-10 production in human DCs.
single-GlcNAc-type N-glycans	increased level	Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus		Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus				response	Influenza, Human	Influenza, Human		Human	Dendritic Cells	Dendritic Cells	27099319	Our results show that high-mannose-type and single-GlcNAc-type N-glycans, but not complex-type N-glycans, are capable of inducing more active hIL12 p40, hIL12 p70, and hIL-10 production in human DCs.
Tn antigen	unaltered level								tumor	Antibodies, Neoplasm|Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate		Human	serum	Humans	31818011	The glycan biosensor is built on an electrochemically activated/oxidized graphene screen-printed electrode (GSPE).
sialyl LewisX	decreased level								hemolytic activity	Hemolysis		human	red blood cells	Erythrocytes	25422425	Ply hemolytic activity against human RBCs showed dose-dependent inhibition by sLeX.
lacto-N-neotetraose	decreased level								hemolytic activity	Hemolysis		human	red blood cells	Erythrocytes	25422425	A similar analysis conducted on streptolysin O from Streptococcus pyogenes revealed that this CDC also has glycan-binding properties and that hemolytic activity against RBCs can be blocked with the glycan lacto-N-neotetraose by inhibiting binding to the cell surface.
fPSA	altered level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen					benign hyperplasia	Prostatic Hyperplasia		Humans	sera		21897005	This study aimed to profile free PSA (fPSA), especially lower molecular mass species lacking detailed classification, in normal seminal plasma and in sera from subjects with benign hyperplasia (BPH) or cancer of the prostate (PCa) as samples of known clinical relevance.
fPSA	altered level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen					cancer of the prostate	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	sera		21897005	This study aimed to profile free PSA (fPSA), especially lower molecular mass species lacking detailed classification, in normal seminal plasma and in sera from subjects with benign hyperplasia (BPH) or cancer of the prostate (PCa) as samples of known clinical relevance.
Lewis X antigen	acquisition of structure				fucosyltransferase-F	smFuT-F	Fucosyltransferases		Schistosomiasis	Schistosomiasis		Schistosoma mansoni			26582608	As Schistosoma express a variety of fucosylated glycans, including the Lewis X antigen Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAcβ-R, it is likely that this family of genes encode enzymes that are partly responsible for the generation of those structures.
high-mannose-type saccharides	altered level	DC-SIGN		DC-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin					HIV-1 infection		microbicides	Humans	dendritic cells	Dendritic Cells	21540232	DC-SIGN interacts with glycan structures on HIV-1, facilitating virus survival, transmission and infection, whereas Langerin, which is characteristic of Langerhans cells (LCs), promotes HIV-1 uptake and degradation.
fucose-containing blood-type antigens H, A, B, Le(a), Le(b) Le(x), Le(y), sialyl-Le(a)	altered level	DC-SIGN		DC-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin					HIV-1 infection		microbicides	Humans	dendritic cells	Dendritic Cells	21540232	DC-SIGN was found to preferentially bind internal mannose residues of high-mannose-type saccharides and the fucose-containing blood-type antigens H, A, B, Le(a), Le(b) Le(x), Le(y), sialyl-Le(a) as well as sulfatated derivatives of Le(a) and Le(x).
sulfatated derivatives of Le(a) and Le(x)	altered level	DC-SIGN		DC-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin					HIV-1 infection		microbicides	Humans	dendritic cells	Dendritic Cells	21540232	DC-SIGN was found to preferentially bind internal mannose residues of high-mannose-type saccharides and the fucose-containing blood-type antigens H, A, B, Le(a), Le(b) Le(x), Le(y), sialyl-Le(a) as well as sulfatated derivatives of Le(a) and Le(x).
terminal mannose, terminal N-acetylglucosamine and 6-sulfogalactose residues	altered level	Langerin		CD207 protein, human					HIV-1 infection		microbicides	Humans	Langerhans cells		21540232	In contrast, Langerin appeared to recognize a different spectrum of compounds, especially those containing terminal mannose, terminal N-acetylglucosamine and 6-sulfogalactose residues, but also the blood-type antigens H, A and B.
blood-type antigens H, A and B	altered level	Langerin		CD207 protein, human					HIV-1 infection		microbicides	Humans	Langerhans cells		21540232	In contrast, Langerin appeared to recognize a different spectrum of compounds, especially those containing terminal mannose, terminal N-acetylglucosamine and 6-sulfogalactose residues, but also the blood-type antigens H, A and B.
Le(b), Le(y), sialyl-Le(a) and the sialyl-Le(x) derivative with 6'-sulfatation at the galactose (sialyl-6SGal Le(x))	altered level	Langerin		CD207 protein, human					HIV-1 infection		microbicides	Humans	Langerhans cells		21540232	Of the Lewis antigens, only Le(b), Le(y), sialyl-Le(a) and the sialyl-Le(x) derivative with 6'-sulfatation at the galactose (sialyl-6SGal Le(x)) were weakly bound by Langerin.
α2-3-linked sialic acid	loss of structure	L1CAM		Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1				diagnostic	melanoma	Melanoma		human	melanoma cells	Melanoma	22544341	We found that metastatic L1CAM possesses only α2-6-linked sialic acid and the loss of α2-3-linked sialic acid in L1CAM is a phenomenon observed during the transition of melanoma cells from VGP to a metastatic stage.
α2-6-linked sialic acid	acquisition of structure	L1CAM		Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1				diagnostic	melanoma	Melanoma		human	melanoma cells	Melanoma	22544341	We found that metastatic L1CAM possesses only α2-6-linked sialic acid and the loss of α2-3-linked sialic acid in L1CAM is a phenomenon observed during the transition of melanoma cells from VGP to a metastatic stage.
Galβ1-4Galβ1- epitope	acquisition of structure	L1CAM		Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1				diagnostic	melanoma	Melanoma		human	melanoma cells	Melanoma	22544341	Unexpectedly, we found a novel monoantennary complex-type oligosaccharide with a Galβ1-4Galβ1- epitope capped with sialic acid residues A1[3]G(4)2S2-3.
sialic acids	increased level				ST3GAL1|ST3GAL4		SIGLEC7 protein, human|SIGLEC9 protein, human	prognostic	Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma	Pancreatic Neoplasms	cancer immunotherapy	human	tumour cells	Cell Line, Tumor	33627655	We here show that Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumour cells present an increased sialylation that can be recognized by Siglec-7 and Siglec-9 on myeloid cells.
α2,6-sialylated glycans	undetermined							diagnostic	tumors	Biomarkers, Tumor					30735949	In this study, a dual-type responsive electrochemical biosensor was developed for the quantitative detection of α2,6-sialylated glycans (α2,6-sial-Gs), a potential biomarker of tumors.
outer arm fucosylation	increased level							diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	serum		18619944	We found that outer arm fucosylation (attached GlcNAc via an alpha 1-3/4 linkage) in highly branched oligosaccharides increased significantly in sera of HCC patients.
sialyl-Lewis x	increased level	mucins							cystic fibrosis			Humans	lungs		17139557	The finding that Pa8830 binds sialyl-Le(x)-containing glycans, which occur at increased levels in mucins from CF patients, is consistent with studies of other strains of P. aeruginosa and further suggests that such glycans on CF mucins contribute to disease pathogenesis.
CD75s gangliosides	increased level							predictive	gastrointestinal tumors	Gastrointestinal Neoplasms	rViscumin	Humans	tumors		15520251	The majority of the tumors showed an enhanced expression of CD75s gangliosides compared with the unaffected tissues.
MUC1 glycoepitopes	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					cancer	Neoplasms|Ovarian Neoplasms		human	tumor cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	24778281	In cancer, MUC1 loses polarity and becomes overexpressed and hypoglycosylated.
MUC1 glycoepitopes	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					cancer	Neoplasms|Ovarian Neoplasms		human	dendritic cells	Dendritic Cells	24778281	Microvesicle-mediated transfer of tumor-associated glycoproteins to dendritic cells may be a relevant biologic mechanism in vivo contributing to define the type of immunogenicity elicited.
high molecular weight hyaluronan	unaltered level	Siglec-9		SIGLEC9 protein, human					Group A Streptococcus infection			human	neutrophils	Neutrophils	26411873	HMW-HA recognition by hSiglec-9 limited neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation, oxidative burst, and apoptosis, defining HMW-HA as a regulator of neutrophil activation.
anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies	increased level							diagnostic	cystic fibrosis	Cystic Fibrosis		Humans	serum		22024437	The sera of 119 CF patients of various age groups were prospectively screened for ASCA type IgG (gASCA), anti-laminaribioside carbohydrate IgG antibodies (ALCA), anti-chitobioside carbohydrate IgA antibodies (ACCA), and anti-mannobioside carbohydrate IgG antibodies (AMCA).
anti-laminaribioside carbohydrate IgG antibodies	increased level							diagnostic	cystic fibrosis	Cystic Fibrosis		Humans	serum		22024437	The sera of 119 CF patients of various age groups were prospectively screened for ASCA type IgG (gASCA), anti-laminaribioside carbohydrate IgG antibodies (ALCA), anti-chitobioside carbohydrate IgA antibodies (ACCA), and anti-mannobioside carbohydrate IgG antibodies (AMCA).
anti-chitobioside carbohydrate IgA antibodies	increased level							diagnostic	cystic fibrosis	Cystic Fibrosis		Humans	serum		22024437	The sera of 119 CF patients of various age groups were prospectively screened for ASCA type IgG (gASCA), anti-laminaribioside carbohydrate IgG antibodies (ALCA), anti-chitobioside carbohydrate IgA antibodies (ACCA), and anti-mannobioside carbohydrate IgG antibodies (AMCA).
anti-mannobioside carbohydrate IgG antibodies	increased level							diagnostic	cystic fibrosis	Cystic Fibrosis		Humans	serum		22024437	The sera of 119 CF patients of various age groups were prospectively screened for ASCA type IgG (gASCA), anti-laminaribioside carbohydrate IgG antibodies (ALCA), anti-chitobioside carbohydrate IgA antibodies (ACCA), and anti-mannobioside carbohydrate IgG antibodies (AMCA).
core 1-derived O-glycan	loss of structure	podocalyxin		Glycoproteins					focal segmental glomerulosclerosis	Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental		Mice	podocytes	Podocytes	31973821	To identify the key molecules responsible for the FSGS-like phenotype, we focused on podocalyxin and podoplanin, which possess mucin-type O-glycans.
core 1-derived O-glycan	loss of structure	podoplanin		Glycoproteins					focal segmental glomerulosclerosis	Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental		Mice	podocytes	Podocytes	31973821	To identify the key molecules responsible for the FSGS-like phenotype, we focused on podocalyxin and podoplanin, which possess mucin-type O-glycans.
N332 glycan	unaltered level	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		gp120 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans			23658524	New broad and potent neutralizing HIV-1 antibodies have recently been described that are largely dependent on the gp120 N332 glycan for Env recognition.
complex biantennary glycan	unaltered level	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		gp120 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans			23658524	whereas the open face, which accommodates a complex biantennary glycan in the PGT121 structure, appears to play a more secondary role.
N-acetyl-neuraminic acid (Neu5Ac)	decreased level				Cytidine monophosphate-N-acetylneuraminate hydroxylase (CMAH)		CMPacetylneuraminate monooxygenase		platelet aggregation	Platelet Aggregation		mice	platelets	Blood Platelets	24077408	Mass spectrometry of total surface glycoproteins on platelets isolated from wild-type mice infused for 24 hours with saline or 5-HT revealed that the content of glycoproteins on platelets from 5-HT-infused mice switched from predominantly N-acetyl-neuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) to N-glycolyl-neuraminic acid (Neu5Gc).
N-glycolyl-neuraminic acid (Neu5Gc)	increased level				Cytidine monophosphate-N-acetylneuraminate hydroxylase (CMAH)		CMPacetylneuraminate monooxygenase		platelet aggregation	Platelet Aggregation		mice	platelets	Blood Platelets	24077408	Mass spectrometry of total surface glycoproteins on platelets isolated from wild-type mice infused for 24 hours with saline or 5-HT revealed that the content of glycoproteins on platelets from 5-HT-infused mice switched from predominantly N-acetyl-neuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) to N-glycolyl-neuraminic acid (Neu5Gc).
sialyl-Tn	increased level							diagnostic	Testicular germ cell tumours	Testicular Neoplasms		Human	testis	Testis	17694322	Pre-invasive carcinoma in situ (CIS) cells and seminoma expressed fetal type sialylated glycans in keeping with their gonocyte-like phenotype.
sialyl-T	increased level							diagnostic	Testicular germ cell tumours	Testicular Neoplasms		Human	testis	Testis	17694322	Pre-invasive carcinoma in situ (CIS) cells and seminoma expressed fetal type sialylated glycans in keeping with their gonocyte-like phenotype.
Tn	altered level							diagnostic	Testicular germ cell tumours	Testicular Neoplasms		Human	testis	Testis	17694322	teratomas expressed them all to some extent but in a disorganized manner.
T	altered level							diagnostic	Testicular germ cell tumours	Testicular Neoplasms		Human	testis	Testis	17694322	teratomas expressed them all to some extent but in a disorganized manner.
sialic acid	undetermined	Siglec-14|Siglec-5	SIGLEC14|SIGLEC5	SIGLEC14 protein, human|SIGLEC5 protein, human								Humans	immune cells		17012248	Siglecs are sialic acid-recognizing receptors of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily expressed on immune cells.
Lewis X	undetermined			Lewis X Antigen					congenital disorders of glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		mouse	nervous system	Central Nervous System	30474148	The importance of these glycan epitopes in neural development is highlighted by a group of conditions known as congenital disorders of glycosylation which lead to psychomotor difficulties, mental retardation, lissencephaly, microencephaly and epilepsy.
N-acetyllactosamine	decreased level	Gal-1|E-selectin		Lectins|Lectins					skin inflammatory activity	Inflammation		Humans	T cells|KG1a cells	|	21493714	Prior studies have shown that treatment with the peracetylated 4-fluorinated analog of glucosamine (4-F-GlcNAc) elicits anti-skin inflammatory activity by ablating N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc), sialyl Lewis X (sLe(X)), and related lectin ligands on effector leukocytes.
sialyl Lewis X	decreased level	Gal-1|E-selectin		Lectins|Lectins					skin inflammatory activity	Inflammation		Humans	T cells|KG1a cells	|	21493714	Prior studies have shown that treatment with the peracetylated 4-fluorinated analog of glucosamine (4-F-GlcNAc) elicits anti-skin inflammatory activity by ablating N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc), sialyl Lewis X (sLe(X)), and related lectin ligands on effector leukocytes.
glucuronoxylomannan-like glycan	undetermined								infection			Trichosporon mucoides	yeast forms		30268928	In this study, we observed that T. mucoides was less pathogenic than T. asahii in an infection model of Galleria mellonella and asked whether this difference was related to the characteristics of GXM-like molecules.
glucuronoxylomannan-like glycan	undetermined								infection			Trichosporon asahii	cells		30268928	The antibody to cryptococcal GXM recognized T. mucoides yeast forms less efficiently than T. asahii cells.
high mannose	increased level								head and neck tumor	Head and Neck Neoplasms		mouse	serum		18353675	Significant differences between samples were observed with respect to the abundances of high mannose and hybrid glycans.
hybrid	increased level								head and neck tumor	Head and Neck Neoplasms		mouse	serum		18353675	Significant differences between samples were observed with respect to the abundances of high mannose and hybrid glycans.
fucosylated biantennary disialylated oligosaccharide	decreased level								head and neck tumor	Head and Neck Neoplasms		mouse	serum		18353675	Complex sialylated oligosaccharides had similar abundances in both types of sera, with the exception of fucosylated biantennary disialylated oligosaccharide, which was mostly detected with lower abundance in control samples.
N-glycan	decreased level	glycoprotein 130		Cytokine Receptor gp130	phosphomannomutase 2	PMM2	Phosphotransferases (Phosphomutases)	diagnostic	congenital disorder of glycosylation	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		mouse	fibroblasts	Fibroblasts	27053713	Both Pmm2R137H/F115L mouse and PMM2-CDG patient-derived fibroblasts displayed reductions in PMM activity, guanosine diphosphate mannose, lipid-linked oligosaccharide precursor and total cellular protein glycosylation, along with hypoglycosylation of a new endogenous biomarker, glycoprotein 130 (gp130).
mannose	altered level	cell adhesion molecules		Cell Adhesion Molecules					loss of filopodia and synaptic vesicles			leech	sensory afferents	Neurons, Afferent	10525333	Perturbing the mannose-specific adhesion of this first targeting step leads to a gain in cell-cell contact but a loss of filopodia and synaptic vesicles.
galactose	altered level	cell adhesion molecules		Cell Adhesion Molecules					loss of cell-cell contact			leech	sensory afferents	Neurons, Afferent	10525333	Perturbing the galactose-specific adhesion of this second targeting step causes a loss of cell-cell contact but a gain in filopodia and synaptic vesicles, essentially returning afferents to the first targeting step.
Galbeta1,3GalNAc alpha2,3-sialyltransferase	altered level				Galbeta1,3GalNAc alpha2,3-sialyltransferase	SIATFL	beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		hepatoma			Human	liver	Liver	10504389	The SIATFL gene was expressed poorly in fetal liver and in adult liver, slightly in hepatoma and highly in the surrounding tissue of hepatoma.
Gal alpha 1-3Gal epitope	loss of structure	IgG antibodies		Immunoglobulin G					Colorectal Neoplasms	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	PBMC	Leukocytes, Mononuclear	8522352	Investigations with human anti-alpha Gal antibodies showed that the IgG antibodies produced by the human/mouse heterohybridomas did not contain the mouse-specific Gal alpha 1-3Gal epitope.
N-linked glycosylation	altered level	gp120 envelope glycoprotein		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1 infection	HIV-1		Humans	CD4+ T cells	Humans	1931229	Alterations in two highly conserved N-linked glycosylation sites within the gp120 envelope glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) implicated in the phenotype of a noncytopathic HIV-1 variant were introduced independently and in combination into a cytopathic, infectious HIV-1 clone by site-specific mutagenesis.
glycosylation	increased level	LAMP-1|LAMP-2		Lysosomal Membrane Proteins|Lysosomal Membrane Proteins					embryonal carcinoma	Teratoma	retinoic acid	mouse	embryonal carcinoma cell line	Cell Line	2172246	Differentiation of the murine embryonal carcinoma (EC) cell lines F-9 and PC-13, induced by beta-all transretinoic acid (RA) resulted in an increased level of two lysosomal-associated membrane glycoproteins (LAMP-1 and LAMP-2).
advanced glycation end-products	decreased level							response	type-2 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2	adjuvant therapy				33916292	These Lauraceae species have the capacity to assist in adjuvant therapy of type-2 diabetes and associated complications, through modulation of the activity of key metabolic enzymes and prevention of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) formation.
large hyperglycosylated hCG alpha	decreased level	hCG alpha		Glycoprotein Hormones, alpha Subunit				diagnostic	abnormal semen analysis	Semen Analysis		Human	seminal plasma	Seminal Plasma Proteins	21838882	hCG alpha levels were found to be significantly lower in men with impaired semen quality (1346 +/- 191 vs. 2753 +/- 533 ng/ml, P = 0.022).
Gc protein	loss of structure				alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase		alpha-N-Acetylgalactosaminidase	prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms	GcMAF therapy	Humans	serum		18058096	The MAF precursor activity of serum Gc protein of colorectal cancer patients was lost or reduced because Gc protein is deglycosylated by serum alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase (Nagalase) secreted from cancerous cells.
sialyl Lewis x	unaltered level	Mac-1		Macrophage-1 Antigen					dysregulated degranulation			Humans	neutrophils	Neutrophils	17919658	Finally, ligation of Mac-1 sLe(x) by anti-sLe(x) antibody induces a significant degranulation of neutrophil secondary granules at the absence of chemoattractant stimulation.
sialyl Lewis x	unaltered level	Mac-1		Macrophage-1 Antigen					impaired neutrophil functions			Humans	neutrophils	Neutrophils	17919658	Here, we present evidence that Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18, CR-3) is a major neutrophil glycoprotein decorated with sLe(x) and ligation of these carbohydrate moieties by anti-sLe(x) antibody significantly impairs neutrophil functions.
sialic acid links alpha(2,3)Gal/GalNAc	altered level	CD43|CD45		Leukosialin|Leukocyte Common Antigens					immune senescence			mouse	CD4 T cells	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes	15668924	Furthermore, analysis of the sialic acid links alpha(2,3)Gal/GalNAc and alpha(2,6)Gal/GalNAc in immunoprecipitated CD43 and CD45 molecules confirm that age alters the glycosylation of specific proteins that regulate TCR interaction with antigen presenting cells.
sialic acid links alpha(2,6)Gal/GalNAc	altered level	CD43|CD45		Leukosialin|Leukocyte Common Antigens					immune senescence			mouse	CD4 T cells	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes	15668924	Furthermore, analysis of the sialic acid links alpha(2,3)Gal/GalNAc and alpha(2,6)Gal/GalNAc in immunoprecipitated CD43 and CD45 molecules confirm that age alters the glycosylation of specific proteins that regulate TCR interaction with antigen presenting cells.
N-glycosylation	loss of structure	rFab' fragment		Recombinant Proteins				diagnostic	Neoplasms	Neoplasms		Escherichia coli	tumor	Tissue Distribution	12115555	This was explained by the absence of N-glycosylation on the V kappa domain of rFab'.
galactosylceramide	undetermined	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV infection			Humans	CD4 negative cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8184533	Recently it was reported that antibodies against the glycosphingolipid, galactosylceramide (Gal beta 1-1'Cer;GalCer), blocked infection of several CD4 negative cell lines derived from the brain and colon.
Tn antigen	decreased level	MUC1		Mucin-1					gastric adenocarcinoma	Stomach Neoplasms	Rosmarinic acid	Humans	CRL-1739 gastric cancer cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	30099344	ELISA tests revealed inhibitory effect of an acid on Tn antigen in cell lysates and culture supernatant and on T antigen in cell lysates.
T antigen	decreased level	MUC1		Mucin-1					gastric adenocarcinoma	Stomach Neoplasms	Rosmarinic acid	Humans	CRL-1739 gastric cancer cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	30099344	ELISA tests revealed inhibitory effect of an acid on Tn antigen in cell lysates and culture supernatant and on T antigen in cell lysates.
sialylated Tn antigen	decreased level	MUC1		Mucin-1					gastric adenocarcinoma	Stomach Neoplasms	Rosmarinic acid	Humans	CRL-1739 gastric cancer cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	30099344	RA inhibited also sialylated Tn antigen in protein of culture supernatant and sialyl T in cell lysates.
sialyl T	decreased level	MUC1		Mucin-1					gastric adenocarcinoma	Stomach Neoplasms	Rosmarinic acid	Humans	CRL-1739 gastric cancer cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	30099344	RA inhibited also sialylated Tn antigen in protein of culture supernatant and sialyl T in cell lysates.
galactose-β1,3-N-acetylgalactosamine	acquisition of structure	asialofetuin		asialofetuin	β-galactoside α2,3-sialyltransferase 1|β-galactoside α2,3-sialyltransferase 2|β-galactoside α2,3-sialyltransferase 3|β-galactoside α2,3-sialyltransferase 6	ST3Gal1|ST3Gal2|ST3Gal3|ST3Gal6	beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		influenza		vaccines	Chicken	egg chorioallantoic membrane	Chorioallantoic Membrane	27150510	ST3Gal1, 5, and 6 were expressed in the egg chorioallantoic membrane, in which influenza viruses are propagated for the production of vaccines.
galactose-β1,3-N-acetylglucosamine	acquisition of structure	asialofetuin		asialofetuin	β-galactoside α2,3-sialyltransferase 1|β-galactoside α2,3-sialyltransferase 2|β-galactoside α2,3-sialyltransferase 3|β-galactoside α2,3-sialyltransferase 6	ST3Gal1|ST3Gal2|ST3Gal3|ST3Gal6	beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		influenza		vaccines	Chicken	egg chorioallantoic membrane	Chorioallantoic Membrane	27150510	ST3Gal1, 5, and 6 were expressed in the egg chorioallantoic membrane, in which influenza viruses are propagated for the production of vaccines.
sialylation	increased level								prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		20923142	Further, we implemented this method to investigate the sialylation changes in prostate cancer serum samples as compared to healthy controls.
N-glycopeptides	unaltered level	haptoglobin|alpha-1-acid-glycoprotein		Haptoglobins|Asialoglycoproteins								human	serum		20235269	Furthermore, we successfully apply this method to the human serum sample for characterizing the target glycoproteins haptoglobin and alpha-1-acid-glycoprotein.
O-glycopeptides	unaltered level	haptoglobin|alpha-1-acid-glycoprotein		Haptoglobins|Asialoglycoproteins								human	serum		20235269	Furthermore, we successfully apply this method to the human serum sample for characterizing the target glycoproteins haptoglobin and alpha-1-acid-glycoprotein.
complex glycosylation	altered level	VAChT		Vesicular Acetylcholine Transport Proteins					deficient in these cells				NG108-15 cells	Cell Line	11755784	We further showed that complex glycosylation processes which might play a role in targeting and/or stability of the membrane protein VAChT are deficient in these cells.
High-mannose glycosylation	unaltered level	Signaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule Family Member 1		Signaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule Family Member 1								Saccharomyces cerevisiae			11162380	High-mannose glycosylation was analyzed by lectin mapping and digestion with specific glycosidases.
Mac2-binding protein glycosylation isomer	increased level	Mac2-binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				prognostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular	hepatectomy	Humans	liver	Liver Neoplasms	34969731	High M2BPGi (>1.54, n=23) was significantly associated with lower serum albumin, higher ICGR15, higher Fib-4 index, large blood loss, and worse recurrence-free survival compared to low M2BPGi (≤1.54, n=37).
glycosylation sites	undetermined	spike glycoprotein		Viral Proteins					porcine deltacoronavirus infection	Deltacoronavirus		mice	enteric and lymphoid tissues	Mice	34549985	Furthermore, elements (two glycosylation sites and four aromatic amino acids) on the surface of domain B (S1B) of the PDCoV spike glycoprotein S1 subunit were identified to be critical for cellular surface binding of APN orthologues.
Glycodelin A	unaltered level	Glycodelin		Glycodelin|PAEP protein, human				prognostic	endometrial cancer	Endometrial Neoplasms		Humans	endometrial cancer tissue	Endometrial Neoplasms	24377825	GdA positive patients have a poor outcome (p = 0.003).
MUC1	increased level							prognostic	invasive cholangiocarcinoma	Cholangiocarcinoma		Humans	intrahepatic bile duct tumors	Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic	10573510	Our previous immunohistochemical study on intrahepatic bile duct tumors showed that invasive cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) with a poor outcome expressed MUC1 mucin but was negative for MUC2 mucin, whereas bile duct cystadenocarcinoma (BDCC) with a favorable outcome was MUC1 negative and MUC2 positive.
MUC2	increased level							prognostic	bile duct cystadenocarcinoma			Humans	intrahepatic bile duct tumors	Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic	10573510	Our previous immunohistochemical study on intrahepatic bile duct tumors showed that invasive cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) with a poor outcome expressed MUC1 mucin but was negative for MUC2 mucin, whereas bile duct cystadenocarcinoma (BDCC) with a favorable outcome was MUC1 negative and MUC2 positive.
MUC6	altered level								Lewis antigen expression	Lewis Blood Group Antigens|Lewis X Antigen		Humans	stomach	Gastric Mucosa|Stomach	7657100	MUC6 is detected in the stomach, colon, gallbladder, and endocervix.
MUC5AC	altered level								Lewis antigen expression	Lewis Blood Group Antigens|Lewis X Antigen		Humans	stomach	Gastric Mucosa|Stomach	7657100	MUC5AC is detected mainly in the superficial epithelium and neck glands.
N-glycan	unaltered level	factor VIII		Factor VIII								Cricetinae	CHO cell line	CHO Cells	15886795	The incubation of the expressing cells with tunicamycin (5 mug/ml) and the treatment of the intracellular species with a mixture of Neuraminidase and N-glycosidase-F revealed that both intracellular species were N-glycosylated.
Mucin-1	undetermined			Mucin-1					Breast Neoplasms	Breast Neoplasms		Humans|Mice			9500594	
Mucin-1	undetermined			Mucin-1					Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast	Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast		Humans|Mice			9500594	
C-CAM1	increased level	C-CAM		CD66 antigens					carcinoma of rat bladder		Ultroser G	rat	epithelial cell line NBT II	Cell Line	7929630	We now report on the identification, biochemical characterization and functional analysis of C-CAM isoforms in the established epithelial cell line NBT II, derived from a chemically induced carcinoma of rat bladder.
Leb carbohydrate antigen	increased level								endometrial adenocarcinoma	Endometrial Neoplasms		Human	endometrial cancer cells	Adenocarcinoma	8339270	In contrast, in endometrial adenocarcinoma specimens, the apical plasma membranes, the lateral plasma membranes, intracytoplasmic vesicular structures, and the Golgi apparatus were strongly positive.
high-mannose glycosylation	altered level	aminopeptidase N|sucrase-isomaltase		Aminopeptidases|Sucrase-Isomaltase Complex					defective cotranslational high-mannose glycosylation			pig	intestinal brush border	Intestine, Small	1347233	Fructose, which induces a defective cotranslational high-mannose glycosylation, increased the half-time of polypeptide folding to about 12 min for aminopeptidase N as well as for sucrase-isomaltase.
synaptophysin glycosylation	unaltered level	synaptophysin		Synaptophysin					Adrenal Gland Neoplasms	Adrenal Gland Neoplasms		Cricetinae	CHO-K1 cells|PC12 cells	Cell Line|Cell Line	2510994	Both cell types similarly glycosylate synaptophysin and sort it into indistinguishable microvesicles.
α-N-acetylglucosaminidase	decreased level				alpha-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase		alpha-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase	response	Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIB	Mucopolysaccharidosis III	rAAV9-hNAGLU gene delivery	Mice	serum		28143737	Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) IIIB is a lysosomal storage disease with complex CNS and somatic pathology due to a deficiency in α-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAGLU).
glycosylated CD147	decreased level	CD147		BSG protein, human|Basigin				prognostic	Prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms	prostatectomy	Human	prostate tissue	Humans	26209327	Membrane-associated CD147 expression is significantly decreased in PCa compared to non-malignant prostate tissue and is associated with tumor progression, and low CD147 expression predicts biochemical recurrence after prostatectomy independent of pathologic stage, Gleason score, lymph node status, surgical margins, and tumor volume in multivariable analysis.
glycosylated Gag (glycoGag)	unaltered level							response	HIV-1 infection	HIV-1		Humans	MOLT-3 T lymphoid cells	Cell Line	31186327	In contrast, the SERINC antagonist glycoMA was unable to substitute for Nef in MOLT-3 T lymphoid cells, in which HIV-1 replication was highly dependent on Nef, and remained so even in the absence of SERINC3 and SERINC5.
glycosylated Gag (glycoGag)	unaltered level							response	HIV-1 infection	HIV-1		Humans	primary human cells	Humans	31186327	As in MOLT-3 cells, glycoMA was unable to substitute for Nef in stimulating HIV-1 replication in primary human cells.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	MUC2		MUC2 protein, human|Mucin-2	T-synthase|Cosmc		C1GALT1C1 protein, human|C1GALT1C1 protein, human	diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	tissues		29999571	It showed that Tn antigen was detected in around 86% human primary and metastatic CRC tissues.
O-glycosylation	altered level	MUC2		MUC2 protein, human|Mucin-2	T-synthase|Cosmc		C1GALT1C1 protein, human|C1GALT1C1 protein, human	diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	tissues		29999571	Aberrant O-glycosylation is frequently observed in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, but it is unclear if it contributes intrinsically to tumorigenesis.
Sialoglycoproteins	altered level			Sialoglycoproteins				prognostic	Ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	urine		16428467	Ovarian cancer biomarkers in urine.
N-linked glycosylation	unaltered level	gp185HER-2		Receptor, ErbB-2				prognostic|diagnostic	breast carcinoma			human	tumor		1383128	Gene amplification and high levels of expression of gp185HER-2 have been found to correlate with poor clinical outcome in breast and ovarian carcinomas.
N-linked glycosylation	unaltered level	gp185HER-2		Receptor, ErbB-2				prognostic|diagnostic	ovarian carcinoma			human	tumor		1383128	Gene amplification and high levels of expression of gp185HER-2 have been found to correlate with poor clinical outcome in breast and ovarian carcinomas.
O-glycosylated proteins	altered level	clusterin|leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein|kininogen		Clusterin|LRG1 protein, human|KNG1 protein, human				diagnostic	early stage ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	urine		23579955	The present study was performed to identify O-glycosylated proteins that are aberrantly excreted in the urine of patients with early stage ovarian cancer (OCa).
mannosyl-beta1-phosphodolichols	altered level								Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection	Mycobacterium tuberculosis|Tuberculosis		Human	peripheral blood T lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	10786796	Responses to mannosyl-beta1-phosphodolichols were common among CD1c-restricted T-cell lines and peripheral blood T lymphocytes of human subjects recently infected with M. tuberculosis, but were not seen in naive control subjects.
N-linked glycosylation	undetermined	Aminopeptidase A		Glutamyl Aminopeptidase								Porcine	kidney cortex	Kidney Cortex	9062131	This predicts a type II integral membrane protein of 942 amino acids with 14 potential N-linked glycosylation sites and a His-Glu-Xaa-Xaa-His zinc binding motif.
mannose-rich sugar chain	acquisition of structure	Dipeptidyl peptidase IV		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4					Morris hepatoma 7777	Liver Neoplasms, Experimental		Rat	liver	Liver	1706662	Treatment of DPP IV with neuraminidase and glycopeptide N-glycosidase F, as well as incubation of hepatocytes with the alpha-mannosidase I inhibitor deoxymannojirimycin, revealed that epitope A may be formed by a mannose-rich sugar chain and epitope D might represent a complex carbohydrate structure in the mature glycoprotein, while the epitopes B and C are formed by the protein moiety.
complex carbohydrate structure	acquisition of structure	Dipeptidyl peptidase IV		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4					Morris hepatoma 7777	Liver Neoplasms, Experimental		Rat	liver	Liver	1706662	Treatment of DPP IV with neuraminidase and glycopeptide N-glycosidase F, as well as incubation of hepatocytes with the alpha-mannosidase I inhibitor deoxymannojirimycin, revealed that epitope A may be formed by a mannose-rich sugar chain and epitope D might represent a complex carbohydrate structure in the mature glycoprotein, while the epitopes B and C are formed by the protein moiety.
Tn antigen	increased level	Nucleolin		Nucleolin	COSMC	C1GALT1C1	C1GALT1C1 protein, human	prognostic	pancreatic cancer	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal|Pancreatic Neoplasms		Human	pancreatic cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	26021314	Expression of Tn antigen bearing Nucleolin in patient derived PDAC tumor specimens was evaluated and correlated with clinicopathological data.
Tn antigen	increased level				COSMC	C1GALT1C1	C1GALT1C1 protein, human	prognostic	pancreatic cancer	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal|Pancreatic Neoplasms		Human	pancreatic cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	26021314	Tn antigen is a tumor associated glycan detected in 75-90 % of PDACs and up to 67 % in its precursor lesions.
CA50	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma	Cholangiocarcinoma		Humans	serum		33207685	CA50 levels in the sera of iCCA patients were significantly higher than those of non-CCA controls (p < 0.001, Mann-Whitney U test).
sialyl Lewis A	increased level	CD44 variant containing exon 6		Hyaluronan Receptors	fucosyltransferase 3		Fucosyltransferases|3-galactosyl-N-acetylglucosaminide 4-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase		colitic conditions	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases	intraluminal administration of mAb GM35	human	colonic mucosa	Intestinal Mucosa	24068663	Analyses of sLe(a) in human colonic mucosa revealed minimal expression in noninflamed areas, with striking upregulation under colitic conditions that correlated with increased expression of CD44v6.
N-glycans	undetermined	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins											19667484	The detection limit of fetuin, a protein possessing 3 N-glycans and 3 O-glycans, was 0.17 pmol by infusion analysis, and chromatograms of glycopeptides separated on an ODS column were obtained.
O-glycans	undetermined	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins											19667484	The detection limit of fetuin, a protein possessing 3 N-glycans and 3 O-glycans, was 0.17 pmol by infusion analysis, and chromatograms of glycopeptides separated on an ODS column were obtained.
bisected oligosaccharides	increased level	IgG antibodies		Immunoglobulin G	beta1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases	response	antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity	Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity			production cell lines	Cell Line	16435400	Overexpression of recombinant beta1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnT-III) in production cell lines leads to antibodies enriched in bisected oligosaccharides.
non-fucosylated and hybrid oligosaccharides	increased level	IgG antibodies		Immunoglobulin G	beta1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases	response	antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity	Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity			production cell lines	Cell Line	16435400	Moreover, GnT-III overexpression leads to increases in non-fucosylated and hybrid oligosaccharides.
bisected non-fucosylated hybrid glycans	increased level	Glyco-1 antibody			beta1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases	response	antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity	Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity					16435400	"Our results indicate that chimeric GnT-III can compete even more efficiently against the endogenous core alpha1,6-fucosyltransferase (alpha1,6-FucT) and Golgi alpha-mannosidase II (ManII) leading to higher proportions of bisected non-fucosylated hybrid glycans (""Glyco-1"" antibody)."
non-fucosylated complex oligosaccharides	increased level	Glyco-2 antibody			beta1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III|Golgi alpha-mannosidase II		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases|alpha-Mannosidase	response	antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity	Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity					16435400	"The co-expression of GnT-III and ManII led to a similar degree of non-fucosylation as that obtained for Glyco-1, but the majority of the oligosaccharides linked to this antibody (""Glyco-2"") are of the complex type."
Galβ1-3GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	pluripotency			human	embryonic stem cells	Embryonic Stem Cells	21159783	Thus, the present data indicate that the pluripotency marker antibodies Tra-1-60 and Tra-1-81 recognize the minimal epitope Galβ1-3GlcNAcβ1-3Galβ1-4GlcNAc, which is present in hESCs as a part of a mucin-type O-glycan structure.
Tn/STn	increased level	MUC1		Mucins				diagnostic	hyperplastic polyps			Humans	colon	Colonic Neoplasms	26898938	Glycan epitope-Tn/STn on MUC1 showed higher expression in hyperplastic polyps (p = 0.023), adenomas (p = 0.042) and adenocarcinomas (p = 0.0096) compared to normal tissues.
Tn/STn	increased level	MUC1		Mucins				diagnostic	adenomas	Adenoma		Humans	colon	Colonic Neoplasms	26898938	Glycan epitope-Tn/STn on MUC1 showed higher expression in hyperplastic polyps (p = 0.023), adenomas (p = 0.042) and adenocarcinomas (p = 0.0096) compared to normal tissues.
Tn/STn	increased level	MUC1		Mucins				diagnostic	adenocarcinomas			Humans	colon	Colonic Neoplasms	26898938	Glycan epitope-Tn/STn on MUC1 showed higher expression in hyperplastic polyps (p = 0.023), adenomas (p = 0.042) and adenocarcinomas (p = 0.0096) compared to normal tissues.
GD1b	altered level							predictive	Huntington's disease	Huntington Disease		Humans	plasma	Humans	36976478	Specifically, anti-GD1b auto-antibody demonstrated the potential for distinguishing between pre-HD and control groups.
tumor-specific glycan modifications	acquisition of structure	periostin|thrombospondin		|				diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		19953551	Results obtained from two of these glycoprotein markers, periostin and thrombospondin, have confirmed that tumor-specific glycan changes can be used to distinguish ovarian cancer patient serum from normal serum.
fibrinogen-derived glycan	altered level	fibrinogen		Fibrinogen				diagnostic	lung cancer			human	plasma		35341249	Despite being a more simplified glycan profile compared to full plasma, the corona glycan profile revealed a fibrinogen-derived glycan peak that was found to potentially distinguish lung cancer patients from controls in a pilot study.
sialosyl-Le(a)	undetermined	GMP-140		P-Selectin									platelets|endothelial cells	Blood Platelets|	1722400	We now report that GMP-140 binds to sialosyl Lea (SLea) and to SLex, and that degree of binding to SLea is greater than that to SLex under our experimental conditions.
sialosyl-Le(x)	undetermined	GMP-140		P-Selectin									platelets|endothelial cells	Blood Platelets|	1722400	We now report that GMP-140 binds to sialosyl Lea (SLea) and to SLex, and that degree of binding to SLea is greater than that to SLex under our experimental conditions.
HNK-1 epitope	acquisition of structure	GluA2		Receptors, AMPA					intracellular trafficking and cell surface expression of AMPAR			Humans	HEK293 cells	Cell Line	26271046	Moreover, we found that N413 was the main potential site of the HNK-1 epitope that promoted the interaction of GluA2 with N-cadherin, resulting in enhanced cell surface expression of GluA2.
glycan moiety	altered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	serum		30640124	Interestingly, an electrochemical sensor with a sandwich format employing the identified aptamer as a signaling receptor, provides a tool of discriminating human PSA from the unglycosylated protein, with a limit of detection of 0.66 ng/mL.
glycosylation	altered level							diagnostic					biological samples		21901603	ALSA enables precise measurements of the glycosylation states of multiple proteins captured directly from biological samples.
Sda glycotope	unaltered level							diagnostic	germ cell development			Sus scrofa|Bos taurus|Equus caballus|Lama glama	spermatogonia	Spermatogonia	21896636	Our data show that the Sda/GM2 glycotope is present in developing germ cells and spermatogonia in several species.
GM2 glycotope	unaltered level							diagnostic	germ cell development			Sus scrofa|Bos taurus|Equus caballus|Lama glama	spermatogonia	Spermatogonia	21896636	Our data show that the Sda/GM2 glycotope is present in developing germ cells and spermatogonia in several species.
sialylated glycans	increased level							prognostic|monitoring	cancer			mice	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	21493886	The technique has the potential to translate to the clinic, where, given the prognostic relevance of altered sialic acid expression in cancer, it could be used to monitor disease progression.
Lewis(x)	unaltered level								tumor			human|mouse	leukocytes		17420244	Both human and mouse SRCL are highly specific for the Lewis(x) trisaccharide, which is commonly found on the surfaces of leukocytes and some tumor cells.
sialyl-TN glycans	increased level	Siglec-6		SIGLEC6 protein, human				diagnostic	preterm preeclampsia	Pre-Eclampsia		human	placenta	Placenta	23171684	Siglec-6 protein was increased in both the basal plate and chorionic villi of preterm PE placentas (P < .05).
N-linked glycans	altered level	PrP		PrPSc Proteins					sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease	Prion Diseases		Humans		Humans	15606903	These differences are mostly, but not exclusively, due to variations in the type of the N-linked glycans.
N-linked glycans	altered level	PrP		PrPSc Proteins					variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease	Prion Diseases		Humans		Humans	15606903	These differences are mostly, but not exclusively, due to variations in the type of the N-linked glycans.
N-linked glycans	altered level	PrP		PrPSc Proteins					sporadic fatal insomnia	Prion Diseases		Humans		Humans	15606903	These differences are mostly, but not exclusively, due to variations in the type of the N-linked glycans.
High mannose-type N-glycans	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G								Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	23583871	High mannose-type N-glycans increased while fucosylated and galactosylated glycans decreased significantly at the lowest LC:HC ratio.
fucosylated and galactosylated glycans	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G								Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	23583871	High mannose-type N-glycans increased while fucosylated and galactosylated glycans decreased significantly at the lowest LC:HC ratio.
α2,6-NeuAc glycans	altered level														30565163	We found that 2,4A3 cross-ring fragment at the terminal monosaccharide in sialyllactoses, sialyllactosamines, and sialyl pentasaccharides is highly abundant in the MS/MS spectra of [M+2X-H]+ species of α2,6-NeuAc glycans, while (2,4A3-H2O) fragment is highly abundant in α2,3-NeuAc moiety.
α2,3-NeuAc moiety	altered level														30565163	We found that 2,4A3 cross-ring fragment at the terminal monosaccharide in sialyllactoses, sialyllactosamines, and sialyl pentasaccharides is highly abundant in the MS/MS spectra of [M+2X-H]+ species of α2,6-NeuAc glycans, while (2,4A3-H2O) fragment is highly abundant in α2,3-NeuAc moiety.
O-linked sugars	unaltered level	gp120|CD4		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|CD4 Antigens				response	HIV-1 infection	HIV-1		Homo sapiens	PBMCs		12707350	Experiments with glycosidase-treated fetuin, gp120, and CD4 revealed that both O-linked and N-linked sugars were used as binding sites.
N-linked sugars	unaltered level	gp120|CD4		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|CD4 Antigens				response	HIV-1 infection	HIV-1		Homo sapiens	PBMCs		12707350	Experiments with glycosidase-treated fetuin, gp120, and CD4 revealed that both O-linked and N-linked sugars were used as binding sites.
gp120 envelope glycoprotein	unaltered level	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					AIDS			Humans		Humans	12478295	The ability of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) to persist and cause AIDS is dependent on its avoidance of antibody-mediated neutralization.
N-linked carbohydrate residues	unaltered level	ICAM-3		ICAM3 protein, human								Human	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	7518468	Blocking was not due to a steric interference between anti-LFA-1 mAbs and N-linked carbohydrate residues present on ICAM-3 but not ICAM-1.
fucosylation	increased level	CD147|ICAM-1|EGFR|EPHA2		|Neoplasm Proteins|Neoplasm Proteins|Neoplasm Proteins	FUT1		Fucosyltransferases	prognostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular	sorafenib	Humans	tumor	Liver Neoplasms, Experimental	33878034	FUT1 overexpression is a poor prognostic indicator for HCC.
fucosylation	increased level	CD147|ICAM-1|EGFR|EPHA2		|Neoplasm Proteins|Neoplasm Proteins|Neoplasm Proteins	FUT1		Fucosyltransferases	predictive	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular	sorafenib	Humans	tumor	Liver Neoplasms, Experimental	33878034	FUT1 overexpression and/or CD147, ICAM-1, EGFR, and EPHA2 fucosylation may be good prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for cancer patients.
Glycosylation	altered level							diagnostic	Colorectal Neoplasms	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	Colorectal cancer tissues	Colorectal Neoplasms	21986994	In this study, we have used quantitative proteomic analysis to compare different stages of colorectal cancer.
N-glycosylated MUC1-C	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					human carcinomas|human cancers	Humans|Humans		Human			17889671	The MUC1 heterodimeric transmembrane glycoprotein is aberrantly overexpressed by diverse human carcinomas.
N-glycosylated MUC1-C	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					human carcinomas|human cancers	Humans|Humans		Human			17889671	Galectin-3 is a beta-galactoside binding protein that has also been associated with the development of human cancers.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure							response	cancer		cancer vaccines	mouse	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	9242452	The four strongest immunogenic glycopeptides were all O-glycosylated, and interestingly, three of them carried the tumor-associated Tn or T antigen.
T antigen	acquisition of structure							response	cancer		cancer vaccines	mouse	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	9242452	The four strongest immunogenic glycopeptides were all O-glycosylated, and interestingly, three of them carried the tumor-associated Tn or T antigen.
fucosylation	decreased level	CD34+ cells		Antigens, CD34				risk	delayed engraftment		cord blood transplantation	Humans	cord blood	Fetal Blood	27919572	Despite ethnic diversity and ready availability of cryopreserved, human leukocyte antigen-typed cord blood (CB), delayed engraftment remains a significant hurdle to successful CB transplantation.
fucosylation	increased level	CD34+ cells		Antigens, CD34	fucosyltransferases		Fucosyltransferases	response	delayed engraftment		cord blood transplantation	Humans	cord blood	Fetal Blood	27919572	Enforced fucosylation of CB HSPCs using fucosyltransferases, increases the rate and magnitude of engraftment in xenogeneic transplant models.
hyperglycosylated human chorionic gonadotropin	increased level	human chorionic gonadotropin		Chorionic Gonadotropin				diagnostic|prognostic	testicular cancer	Testicular Neoplasms		Human	serum	Serum	22529110	Hyperglycosylated human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG-h) contains larger and more complex carbohydrate chains than regular human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).
advanced glycation endproduct	decreased level	albumin		Glycation End Products, Advanced				response	diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental	silymarin	rat	plasma		20578796	In vivo, SM reduced tissue AGE accumulation, tail collagen crosslinking, and concentrations of plasma glycated albumin.
H antigen	loss of structure								pleomorphic adenomas			Humans	parotid glands	Parotid Gland	1375034	Furthermore, the PAs showed loss of H and A antigens, and a reduced expression of Le(y) compared to normal tissue.
A antigen	loss of structure								pleomorphic adenomas			Humans	parotid glands	Parotid Gland	1375034	Furthermore, the PAs showed loss of H and A antigens, and a reduced expression of Le(y) compared to normal tissue.
Le(y) antigen	decreased level								pleomorphic adenomas			Humans	parotid glands	Parotid Gland	1375034	Furthermore, the PAs showed loss of H and A antigens, and a reduced expression of Le(y) compared to normal tissue.
sialylated N-acetyllactosamine	acquisition of structure								pleomorphic adenomas			Humans	parotid glands	Parotid Gland	1375034	In contrast to normal tissue, the tumors expressed the short precursor molecule sialylated N-acetyllactosamine.
hyperglycosylated human chorionic gonadotrophin	decreased level	human chorionic gonadotrophin		Chorionic Gonadotropin				diagnostic|risk	early-onset preeclampsia	Pre-Eclampsia	low-dose aspirin	human	serum	Maternal Serum Screening Tests	23993394	hCG-h is a promising first trimester marker for early-onset preeclampsia.
fucosylated N-glycans	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	sera		18214858	It was found in our previous studies that the concentration of fucosylated haptoglobin had increased in the sera of patients with pancreatic cancer (PC) compared to those of other types of cancer and normal controls.
fucosylated di-, tri- and tetra-branched glycans	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	sera		18214858	Mass spectrometry analyses demonstrated that concentrations of total fucosylated di-, tri- and tetra-branched glycans of haptoglobin increased in the sera of PC patients.
tri-antennary N-glycans containing a Lewis X-type fucose	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	sera		18214858	Tri-antennary N-glycans containing a Lewis X-type fucose markedly increased at the Asn211 site of haptoglobin N-glycans.
di-fucosylated tetra-antennary N-glycans	acquisition of structure	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	sera		18214858	di-fucosylated tetra-antennary N-glycans were observed only at this site in PC patients, and were absent in the haptoglobin of normal controls and individuals with CP.
bisected, afucosylated carbohydrates	acquisition of structure	GA201		imgatuzumab				response	EGFR-positive solid tumors		chemotherapy (irinotecan)	mouse	xenograft models		23209031	The Fc region of GA201 was glycoengineered to contain bisected, afucosylated carbohydrates for enhanced binding to FcγRIIIA.
bisected, afucosylated carbohydrates	acquisition of structure	GA201		imgatuzumab				response	KRAS-mutated tumors		chemotherapy (irinotecan)	mouse	xenograft models		23209031	The Fc region of GA201 was glycoengineered to contain bisected, afucosylated carbohydrates for enhanced binding to FcγRIIIA.
Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen	increased level	mucin		Mucins					colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		human	colonic epithelium	Humans	11425799	Intra-Golgi alkalinization affects mucin glycosylation, resulting in decreased mucin sulfation and increased expression of TF antigen, changes that mimic those seen in cancerous and premalignant human colonic epithelium.
sulfo-Lewis(a)	decreased level	mucin		Mucins					colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		human	colonic epithelium	Humans	11425799	Intra-Golgi alkalinization affects mucin glycosylation, resulting in decreased mucin sulfation and increased expression of TF antigen, changes that mimic those seen in cancerous and premalignant human colonic epithelium.
GM3	acquisition of structure	CD82|CD9		Kangai-1 Protein|Tetraspanin 29				prognostic	cancer	Neoplasm Metastasis		Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	10344740	Under this condition, endogenous GM3 synthesis was observed as a common factor, and N-glycosylation occurred at a high level in CD82 and to a lesser extent in CD9.
N-glycan	increased level	CD82|CD9		Kangai-1 Protein|Tetraspanin 29				prognostic	cancer	Neoplasm Metastasis		Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	10344740	Under this condition, endogenous GM3 synthesis was observed as a common factor, and N-glycosylation occurred at a high level in CD82 and to a lesser extent in CD9.
apoC3 glycosylation index	increased level	apoC3		Apolipoproteins					metabolic syndrome	Metabolic Syndrome	Prescription omega-3 acid ethyl esters (P-OM3) and extended release niacin (ERN)	Humans	plasma		25932792	ERN increased the apoC3 glycosylation index only in HDL (37%, p < 0.05), whereas P-OM3 and Combo increased the index in whole plasma (48% and 49%, respectively, p < 0.05 for both) and in every lipoprotein class (VLDL: 26%, p < 0.01 and 26%, p < 0.05; LDL: 55%, p < 0.01 and 61%, p < 0.01; HDL: 43%, p < 0.001 and 44%, p < 0.001, respectively).
alpha2-6-linked sialic acids	loss of structure	beta1 integrin subunits		Protein Subunits	ST6Gal-I	ST6GAL1	Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human		macrophage differentiation		BACE1 inhibition	Humans	U937 monocytic cells|primary human CD14(+) monocytes	U937 Cells|Monocytes	18650447	Here we report that the sustained alpha4beta1 activation associated with macrophage differentiation results from expression of beta1 integrin subunits that lack alpha2-6-linked sialic acids, a carbohydrate modification added by the ST6Gal-I sialyltransferase.
gp160	altered level	CD4		CD4 Antigens					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	HeLa Cells	HeLa Cells	2243395	The envelope glycoprotein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) plays a major role in the down-regulation of its receptor, CD4.
agalactosylated glycoforms	increased level	IgG2		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	pancreatitis	Pancreatitis		Humans	sera		24190616	Compared with healthy controls, significant increases in agalactosylated glycoforms and decreases in galactosylated glycoforms were observed for PT and PAC patients.
agalactosylated glycoforms	increased level	IgG2		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	pancreatic adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma|Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	sera		24190616	Compared with healthy controls, significant increases in agalactosylated glycoforms and decreases in galactosylated glycoforms were observed for PT and PAC patients.
galactosylated glycoforms	decreased level	IgG2		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	pancreatitis	Pancreatitis		Humans	sera		24190616	Compared with healthy controls, significant increases in agalactosylated glycoforms and decreases in galactosylated glycoforms were observed for PT and PAC patients.
galactosylated glycoforms	decreased level	IgG2		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	pancreatic adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma|Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	sera		24190616	Compared with healthy controls, significant increases in agalactosylated glycoforms and decreases in galactosylated glycoforms were observed for PT and PAC patients.
HIV Envelope Protein gp120	unaltered level	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1 infection			Humans	cell surface-expressed cleaved Env trimers		22345481	Furthermore, in contrast to CD4, none of the anti-CD4bs MAbs induced the expression of the 17b epitope on cell surface-expressed cleaved Env trimers.
CD133 glycan	decreased level	CD133	PROM1	PROM1 protein, human				diagnostic	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms	sodium butyrate	human	HT29 cells	HT29 Cells	20333645	Treatment with sodium butyrate induced a progressive decrease of CD133 expression, as assessed by flow cytometry using the AC133 monoclonal antibody.
Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV	altered level								lung metastasis of breast cancer			Fischer 344/CRJ rat	lung endothelia	Endothelium	10845560	To examine whether lung endothelia leak expression of mutant DPP IV and whether mutant DPP IV exhibits the same adhesion qualities as wild type DPP IV, detailed immunohistochemical, biochemical, transfection, and FACS analyses were performed to assess the surface expression of mutant DPP IV on lung endothelia and transfected HEK293 cells and adhesion assay to compare the adhesion qualities of wild-type and mutant DPP IV.
glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked CD48 antigen	decreased level	CD48		CD48 Antigen|CD48 protein, human					Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria	Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal		Human	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	7509289	Only 10% of T cells were deficient in surface expression of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked CD48 antigen; in contrast, 95% of the patient's polymorphonuclear leukocytes harbored the defect.
sialylated CD43 epitope	acquisition of structure	CD43		Leukosialin|SPN protein, human					Tn-syndrome		5-azacytidine (5-azaC) and sodium n-butyrate (NaB)	Human	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	7509289	While such treatment reproducibly led to reexpression of a sialylated CD43 epitope on affected Tn-syndrome T cell clones, these drugs failed to induce reexpression of CD48 on affected PNH T cell clones.
deglycosylated ricin A chain	undetermined	ricin A chain		Ricin					cytotoxicity to CD22+ Daudi cells			human	CD22+ Daudi cells		8228282	The IT with two dgAs was seven-fold more cytotoxic to CD22+ Daudi cells than that containing one molecule of dgA.
sialyl 6'-sulfo LacNAc-capped O-glycans	acquisition of structure	CD34		Antigens, CD34	Keratan sulfate galactose (Gal)-6-O-sulfotransferase (KSGal6ST)				cancers	Carcinoma		Humans	tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte aggregates	Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating	31148596	Moreover, 297-11A-positive sulfated glycans were also displayed on HEV-like vessels induced in tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) aggregates formed in various cancers.
glycan proteins	decreased level							diagnostic	osteoarthritis	Osteoarthritis, Hip|Osteoarthritis, Knee		Humans	articular cartilage	Cartilage, Articular	22161576	It is known that in the early stages of osteoarthritis, the concentration of glycan proteins decreases in articular cartilage.
Lewis X antigen	increased level								cancer			Humans	DLD-1 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	29210428	This design takes advantage of the affinity of AAL for Le<x> overexpressed receptors in certain cancer cells.
sialylated N-glycans	altered level				ST6Gal1		ST6GAL1 protein, human		prostate cancer	Neoplasms		human	prostate tissue		29569918	Using tandem labeling with ST6Gal1 to analyze N-glycans in a prostate cancer array, we found striking differences in expression patterns of both sialylated and unsialylated N-glycans between cancerous and healthy samples.
unsialylated N-glycans	altered level				ST6Gal1		ST6GAL1 protein, human		prostate cancer	Neoplasms		human	prostate tissue		29569918	Using tandem labeling with ST6Gal1 to analyze N-glycans in a prostate cancer array, we found striking differences in expression patterns of both sialylated and unsialylated N-glycans between cancerous and healthy samples.
unsialylated O-glycans	altered level								B-cell lymphoma	Neoplasms		human	lymph node		29569918	Our double labeling technique identified significant differences in unsialylated O-glycans between B-cell and T-cell lymphomas and between B-cell lymphomas and normal adjacent lymph nodes.
unsialylated O-glycans	altered level								T-cell lymphoma	Neoplasms		human	lymph node		29569918	Our double labeling technique identified significant differences in unsialylated O-glycans between B-cell and T-cell lymphomas and between B-cell lymphomas and normal adjacent lymph nodes.
Globo-H	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|predictive	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	Globo-H cancer vaccine	Humans	cancer cells	Neoplastic Stem Cells	25665650	Moreover, these three glycolipids were found to be uniquely expressed not only on the cell surface of breast cancer but on 15 additional cancer types, suggesting the broad application of this vaccine in cancer treatment and perhaps cancer prevention.
SSEA3	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|predictive	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	Globo-H cancer vaccine	Humans	cancer cells	Neoplastic Stem Cells	25665650	Moreover, these three glycolipids were found to be uniquely expressed not only on the cell surface of breast cancer but on 15 additional cancer types, suggesting the broad application of this vaccine in cancer treatment and perhaps cancer prevention.
SSEA4	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|predictive	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	Globo-H cancer vaccine	Humans	cancer cells	Neoplastic Stem Cells	25665650	Moreover, these three glycolipids were found to be uniquely expressed not only on the cell surface of breast cancer but on 15 additional cancer types, suggesting the broad application of this vaccine in cancer treatment and perhaps cancer prevention.
monofucosylated triantennary glycan A3G3F1S3	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	serum		32412768	Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated that the N-glycopeptides at sites N184 and N241 bearing a monofucosylated triantennary glycan A3G3F1S3 had the best diagnostic performance in detection of early NASH HCC, area under the curve (AUC) = 0.733 and 0.775, respectively, whereas α-fetoprotein (AFP) had an AUC of 0.692.
monofucosylated triantennary glycan A3G3F1S3	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	nonalcoholic steatohepatitis	Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease		Humans	serum		32412768	Differential quantitation analysis revealed that five N-glycopeptides at sites N184 and N241 were significantly elevated during the progression from NASH cirrhosis to HCC (p < 0.05).
Tn-antigen	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				prognostic	colon carcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	colon carcinoma tissue	Colon|Colonic Neoplasms	17195076	During malignant transformation, certain glyco-epitopes of MUC1, such as Tn-antigen, TF-antigen and their sialylated forms become exposed.
TF-antigen	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				prognostic	colon carcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	colon carcinoma tissue	Colon|Colonic Neoplasms	17195076	During malignant transformation, certain glyco-epitopes of MUC1, such as Tn-antigen, TF-antigen and their sialylated forms become exposed.
O-linked oligosaccharides	unaltered level	lamp-1|lamp-2		Lysosomal Membrane Proteins|Lysosomal Membrane Proteins					chronic myelogenous leukemia			human	chronic myelogenous leukemia cells		8323299	In the present paper, we report the localization of O-linked oligosaccharides exclusively to the hinge-like regions of lamp-1 and lamp-2 isolated from human chronic myelogenous leukemia cells.
T antigen	unaltered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					pregnancy			human	placenta	Placenta	18614437	Reactions with lectins enabled detection of carbohydrate antigens, such as T and Tn with sialic acid linked by alpha2, 3 and to a lesser extent by alpha2, 6 bond.
Tn antigen	unaltered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					pregnancy			human	placenta	Placenta	18614437	Reactions with lectins enabled detection of carbohydrate antigens, such as T and Tn with sialic acid linked by alpha2, 3 and to a lesser extent by alpha2, 6 bond.
Lewis x antigen	unaltered level	glycoproteins and glycolipids		Lewis X Antigen					Schistosomiasis mansoni	Schistosomiasis mansoni		Schistosoma mansoni	schistosome adults and human promyelocytic leukemic HL-60 cells	Schistosoma mansoni|Jurkat Cells	23542315	One murine mAb, an IgG3 designated F8A1.1, bound to glycoproteins and glycolipids from schistosome adults and human promyelocytic leukemic HL-60 cells that express Le(x) antigens, as assessed by a wide variety of approaches including immunofluorescence staining, confocal microscopy, flow cytometry and western blotting, as well as overlay assays of glycolipids after thin-layer chromatography.
PI-glycan	acquisition of structure	CD16-I		Antigens, CD								Humans	NK cells|granulocytes|activated macrophages|T lymphocytes	Granulocytes	2531919	Conversion of Phe to Ser in CD16-II permits expression of a PI-glycan-anchored glycoprotein, whereas conversion of Ser to Phe in CD16-I prevents PI-glycan linkage.
PI-glycan	loss of structure	CD16-II		Antigens, CD								Humans	NK cells|granulocytes|activated macrophages|T lymphocytes	Granulocytes	2531919	Conversion of Phe to Ser in CD16-II permits expression of a PI-glycan-anchored glycoprotein, whereas conversion of Ser to Phe in CD16-I prevents PI-glycan linkage.
N-glycosylation	altered level	CEACAM6		CEACAM6 protein, human	N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 5	MGAT5	Mgat5 protein, human|N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases	diagnostic|predictive	oral squamous cell carcinoma	Mouth Neoplasms	TMU sdAb or TMU HCAb treatment	human	cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	28892050	Using the TMU HCAb, we found that glycosylated CEACAM6 was a tumor marker associated with recurrence in early-stage OSCC (oral squamous cell carcinoma) patients.
underglycosylated MUC1	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic|prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast tissue	Breast	23122537	Its increased overexpression and underglycosylation in breast cancer is associated with tumor invasiveness and metastatic potential.
underglycosylated MUC1	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	adjacent normal breast tissue	Breast	23122537	A key finding in this study was that underglycosylated MUC1 (uMUC1) overexpression and sialation were observed in tissues adjacent to tumor but identified as normal on pathology reports.
N-glycans	altered level	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV infection			Humans		Humans	12064867	These results demonstrated that both the CD4-binding site and the epitopes recognised by antibodies from HIV-infected individuals have N-glycans in the close vicinity.
complex type glycans	acquisition of structure	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV infection			Humans		Humans	12064867	Finally, we determined the structural class of the glycan of one V1 glycosylation site of prototype HIV-1 LAI gp120, which remained unsolved from previous studies, and found that it belonged to the complex type of glycans.
sulfo sLex	acquisition of structure	vascular endothelial glycoproteins							inflammation	Inflammation		Humans|Rats	kidney|heart		15269183	The de novo synthesis and expression of sulfo sLex glycan on vascular endothelial glycoproteins has a central role in the initiation of inflammatory reactions, serving as a putative ZIP code for organ-specific trafficking of leukocytes into sites of inflammation.
sulfated sialyl Lewis-x	increased level	L-selectin ligands		L-selectin counter-receptors				diagnostic	acute heart allograft rejection	Graft Rejection		human	endothelium of capillaries and venules	Endothelium, Vascular	10514412	On the contrary, these epitopes were readily detectable on endothelium of capillaries and venules at the onset and during acute rejection episodes.
MUC1-β-Tf	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				response	cancer	Cancer Vaccines	anti-cancer vaccine	human MUC1 transgenic mice	tumor cells	Cell Line, Tumor	33645601	The conjugate induced high levels of IgG antibodies in clinically relevant human MUC1 transgenic mice, which cross-recognized not only the natural MUC1-α-Tf glycopeptide but also MUC1 expressing tumor cells, supporting the notion that a simple switch of the stereochemistry of the glycan/peptide linkage can be a strategy for anti-cancer vaccine epitope design for glycopeptides.
sialylLex	acquisition of structure	CD24		CD24 Antigen|CD24 protein, human	fucosyltransferase VII		Fucosyltransferases	prognostic	lung colonization of human tumors			mouse	lung	Lung	11118057	Our data suggest an important role for sialylLex-modified CD24 in the lung colonization of human tumors.
MUC1	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	carcinomas	Carcinoma, Lobular	cancer immunotherapy	Humans	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	12372344	Finally, although we found that cancer- and T cell-associated MUC1 expose common protein core and sialylated epitopes, there is a peptide region, accessible in carcinomas due to an aberrant glycosylation, that is stably not accessible in T cells with potential implications for cancer immunotherapy.
fucosylated tri-antennary glycan	increased level							diagnostic|risk	invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms			Humans	serum		26052067	Nine glycans were highly expressed in patients with invasive IPMNs.
m/z 3195	increased level							diagnostic|risk	invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms			Humans	serum		26052067	The glycan m/z 3195, which is a fucosylated tri-antennary glycan, had the highest diagnostic value for distinguishing invasive IPMNs from non-invasive IPMNs (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.803).
high mannose oligosaccharides	undetermined	langerin		CD207 protein, human					human immunodeficiency virus			human	Langerhans cells		20181944	Langerin, an endocytic receptor of Langerhans cells, binds pathogens such as human immunodeficiency virus by recognition of surface glycoconjugates and mediates their internalization into Birbeck granules.
core-2 sialyl Lewis X O-glycan	acquisition of structure	MUC1a' peptide		Mucin-1	polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 3|beta-galactosidase|core-2 beta6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase|beta4-galactosyltransferase 1|alpha3-sialyltransferase 3|alpha3-fucosyltransferase 3				tumor			Humans			12770766	Starting from a tumor-associated synthetic MUC1-derived peptide MUC1a' and using a completely enzymatic approach for the synthesis of the core-2 sialyl Lewis X glycopart, the following glycopeptide was synthesized: AHGV[Neu5Ac(alpha2-3)Gal(beta1-4)[Fuc(alpha1-3)]GlcNAc(beta1-6)[Gal(beta1-3)]GalNAc(alpha1-O)]TSAPDTR.
H type 3	acquisition of structure	podocalyxin		podocalyxin				diagnostic	pluripotency			human	induced pluripotent stem cells	Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells	23526252	Furthermore, rBC2LCN was found to exhibit significant affinity to a branched O-glycan comprising an H type 3 structure (Ka, 2.5 × 10(4) M(-1)) prepared from human 201B7 iPS cells, indicating that H type 3 is a most probable potential pluripotency marker.
alpha2-6-linked sialic acid	unaltered level	CD45		Leukocyte Common Antigens									B cell	Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte	12115612	CD22 binding requires alpha2-6-linked sialic acid, which is mostly carried on N-glycans.
short O-linked glycans	altered level	mucins							gene deletion	Gene Deletion		Mice	granulocytes	Granulocytes	12773563	Instead, it showed distinctive sialic acid-dependent binding only to the short O-linked glycans of certain mucins and weak binding to the sialyl-Tn epitope.
sialyl-Tn epitope	altered level								gene deletion	Gene Deletion		Mice	granulocytes	Granulocytes	12773563	Instead, it showed distinctive sialic acid-dependent binding only to the short O-linked glycans of certain mucins and weak binding to the sialyl-Tn epitope.
core2 O-glycans	acquisition of structure	CD43|CD45		Leukosialin|Leukosialin	Beta-galactoside alpha2,3-sialyltransferase-I		beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		Th1 differentiation	Th1 Cells		Mice	T cells	Th1 Cells|Th2 Cells	12355428	Beta-galactoside alpha2,3-sialyltransferase-I (ST3Gal-I) is a major inhibitor of core2 O-glycan formation on CD43 and CD45 in naive T cells.
core1 galactose (Gal1-3GalNAc-Ser/Thr)	acquisition of structure	CD43		Leukosialin	Beta-galactoside alpha2,3-sialyltransferase-I		beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		Th1 differentiation	Th1 Cells		Mice	T cells	Th1 Cells|Th2 Cells	12355428	Consistent with this, developing Th1 cells display the non-sialylated core1 galactose (Gal1-3GalNAc-Ser/Thr) and strongly react with peanut agglutinin, while Th2 cells do not.
Lewis x	altered level							diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		18558770	Glycoproteins were selected from plasma of disease-free and breast cancer patients with an anti-Lewis x (Le(x)) IAC column.
SSEA-3	altered level				β3GalT5	B3GALT5	B3GALT5 protein, human	diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	breast cancer vaccine	Humans	breast cancer stem cells	Neoplastic Stem Cells	26677875	Here we show that the breast CSCs isolated with CD44(+)CD24(-/lo)SSEA-3(+) or ESA(hi)PROCR(hi)SSEA-3(+) markers had higher tumorigenicity than those with conventional markers in vitro and in vivo.
N-glycans	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	ankylosing spondylitis	Spondylitis, Ankylosing		Humans	serum		30442647	Serum IgG N-glycans act as novel serum biomarkers of ankylosing spondylitis.
Tn antigen	undetermined								tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					24083620	These scaffolds could be regarded as conformationally restricted Tn antigen mimics, as we have demonstrated by biological assays.
N-glycans	altered level	serum proteins		Polysaccharides				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	serum		25077556	Through two complementary LC-ESI-MS quantitation approaches, global profiling and targeted quantitation, we identified 11 N-glycans with statistically significant differences between HCC cases and cirrhotic controls.
N-glycans	altered level	serum proteins		Polysaccharides				diagnostic	liver cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		25077556	Through two complementary LC-ESI-MS quantitation approaches, global profiling and targeted quantitation, we identified 11 N-glycans with statistically significant differences between HCC cases and cirrhotic controls.
N-glycans	altered level				B4GALT1|ST6GAL1		beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase I|ST6GAL1 protein, human		cancers						31395657	Their exclusive interaction in the Golgi compartment is a prerequisite for their full catalytic activity, whereas a lack of this interaction is associated with cancers and hypoxia.
N-glycans	altered level				B4GALT1|ST6GAL1		beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase I|ST6GAL1 protein, human		hypoxia						31395657	Their exclusive interaction in the Golgi compartment is a prerequisite for their full catalytic activity, whereas a lack of this interaction is associated with cancers and hypoxia.
N-glycan	decreased level	Env		env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus				response	HIV infection	HIV-1		Rabbit	serum		28902916	We demonstrated that the 16055 PNGS-deleted trimers more rapidly elicited serum antibodies that more potently neutralized the CD4bs-proximal-PNGS-deleted viruses in a statistically significant manner and strongly trended towards increased neutralization of fully glycosylated autologous virus.
bi-antennary complex glycans	undetermined	CEACAM1		Antigens, CD|CD66 antigens|Cell Adhesion Molecules								rat	human embryonic kidney cells	Humans|Kidney	18788072	The major carbohydrates were bi-, tri- and tetra-antennary complex glycans with and without sialic acid, fucose and bisecting GlcNAc residues.
tri-antennary complex glycans	undetermined	CEACAM1		Antigens, CD|CD66 antigens|Cell Adhesion Molecules								rat	human embryonic kidney cells	Humans|Kidney	18788072	The major carbohydrates were bi-, tri- and tetra-antennary complex glycans with and without sialic acid, fucose and bisecting GlcNAc residues.
tetra-antennary complex glycans	undetermined	CEACAM1		Antigens, CD|CD66 antigens|Cell Adhesion Molecules								rat	human embryonic kidney cells	Humans|Kidney	18788072	The major carbohydrates were bi-, tri- and tetra-antennary complex glycans with and without sialic acid, fucose and bisecting GlcNAc residues.
high-mannose glycans	undetermined	CEACAM1		Antigens, CD|CD66 antigens|Cell Adhesion Molecules								rat	human embryonic kidney cells	Humans|Kidney	18788072	High-mannose glycans, predominantly Man(5)GlcNAc(2), were also found.
T antigen	increased level	mucin		Mucins				diagnostic	cancer			porcine	submaxillary gland	Submandibular Gland	22428527	Cancer-associated mucins often possess increased expression of the T (Galβ1,3GalNAcαThr/Ser) and Tn (GalNAcαThr/Ser) cancer antigens, which are diagnostic markers for several cancers, including colon cancer.
Tn antigen	increased level	mucin		Mucins|Tn antigen				diagnostic	cancer			porcine	submaxillary gland	Submandibular Gland	22428527	Cancer-associated mucins often possess increased expression of the T (Galβ1,3GalNAcαThr/Ser) and Tn (GalNAcαThr/Ser) cancer antigens, which are diagnostic markers for several cancers, including colon cancer.
N-glycan	altered level							diagnostic|predictive	graft rejection	Graft Rejection	kidney transplantation	Humans	serum		31768865	To evaluate whether serum N-glycan profile can be used as a diagnostic marker of graft rejection after living-donor kidney transplants (KT).
sialic acid on O-linked glycans	unaltered level	CD24		CD24 Antigen				prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	20351695	In breast cancer, the SN3b reactivity was associated with bad prognosis, whereas SWA11 was not.
sialic acid on O-linked glycans	loss of structure	CD24		CD24 Antigen				prognostic	renal cell cancer	Kidney Neoplasms		human	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	20351695	In renal cell cancer, the SN3b epitope was completely absent but SWA11 reactivity was a prognostic factor.
acetylated sugars	undetermined	MUC1		Mucin-1											9299760	Furthermore, we were interested to examine possible differences in the fragmentation between glycopeptides with acetylated and non-acetylated sugars.
non-acetylated sugars	undetermined	MUC1		Mucin-1											9299760	Furthermore, we were interested to examine possible differences in the fragmentation between glycopeptides with acetylated and non-acetylated sugars.
core-fucosylated glycans	increased level							prognostic	nonalcoholic steatohepatitis	Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease		Humans	serum		35286803	Summary level relative abundances of core-fucosylated, sialylated, and branched glycans containing glycopeptides were higher in NASH and HCC as compared to controls.
sialylated glycans	increased level							prognostic	nonalcoholic steatohepatitis	Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease		Humans	serum		35286803	Summary level relative abundances of core-fucosylated, sialylated, and branched glycans containing glycopeptides were higher in NASH and HCC as compared to controls.
branched glycans	increased level							prognostic	nonalcoholic steatohepatitis	Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease		Humans	serum		35286803	Summary level relative abundances of core-fucosylated, sialylated, and branched glycans containing glycopeptides were higher in NASH and HCC as compared to controls.
core-fucosylated glycans	increased level							prognostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		35286803	Summary level relative abundances of core-fucosylated, sialylated, and branched glycans containing glycopeptides were higher in NASH and HCC as compared to controls.
sialylated glycans	increased level							prognostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		35286803	Summary level relative abundances of core-fucosylated, sialylated, and branched glycans containing glycopeptides were higher in NASH and HCC as compared to controls.
branched glycans	increased level							prognostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		35286803	Summary level relative abundances of core-fucosylated, sialylated, and branched glycans containing glycopeptides were higher in NASH and HCC as compared to controls.
Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF) antigen	unaltered level	Mucin-1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				prognostic	epithelial carcinoma			Humans		Humans	33001366	Aberrant Mucin-1 (MUC1) glycosylation with the Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF) tumor-associated antigen (CD176) is a hallmark of epithelial carcinoma progression and poor patient prognosis.
6-sulfo sialyl Lewis X	loss of structure				N-acetylglucosamine-6-O-sulfotransferase		Carbohydrate Sulfotransferases|Sulfotransferases		experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis	Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental		mice	draining lymph nodes|spinal cords	Lymph Nodes|Spinal Cord	38387051	In N-acetylglucosamine-6-O-sulfotransferase (GlcNAc6ST)-1 and GlcNAc6ST-2 double-knockout mice lacking the expression of 6-sulfo sLeX glycans, the EAE symptoms and the numbers of effector Th1 and Th17 cells in the draining lymph nodes (dLN) and spinal cords (SC) were significantly reduced.
6-sulfo sialyl Lewis X	altered level								multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis	anti-glycan monoclonal antibody SF1	mice	draining lymph nodes|spinal cords	Lymph Nodes|Spinal Cord	38387051	Administration of mAb SF1 significantly reduced EAE symptoms and the numbers of antigen-specific effector T cells in the dLN and SC in association with suppression of critical genes including Il17a and Il17f that are involved in the pathogenesis of EAE.
N-glycans	altered level							response	prediabetes	Prediabetic State	metformin	Humans	plasma		25921843	Plasma N-glycans, non-invasive surrogate markers of ageing, were also analysed.
core xylosylated N-glycans	increased level								Schistosoma mansoni infection	Schistosoma mansoni		Schistosoma mansoni	cercariae		11287402	In contrast, a majority of the N-glycans from Schistosoma mansoni cercariae but not the adults are core xylosylated.
Lewis X-containing N-glycans	increased level								Schistosoma mansoni infection	Schistosoma mansoni		Schistosoma mansoni	cercariae		11287402	Unexpectedly, a majority of these N-glycans were found to carry Lewis X determinant, Galbeta1-->4(Fucalpha1-->3)GlcNAcbeta1-->, on the nonreducing termini of mono- and biantennary structures.
triantennary structures	decreased level	prostatic proteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	urinary		24254641	N-glycans of PCa compared to BPH were characterized by a significant decrease in triantennary structures (p = 0.047) and overall fucosylation (p = 0.026).
fucosylation	decreased level	prostatic proteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	urinary		24254641	N-glycans of PCa compared to BPH were characterized by a significant decrease in triantennary structures (p = 0.047) and overall fucosylation (p = 0.026).
N-linked glycan	altered level	N-linked glycoproteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	cnidaria-Symbiodinium endosymbiosis			Symbiodinium	symbiotic gastrodermal cells		28710419	The expression levels of 2-6F mAb-recognized proteins are highly correlated with the symbiotic status, and these proteins were characterized as N-linked glycoproteins via treatment with peptide N-glycosidase F.
core 2 O-glycan	altered level	CD43		Leukosialin	UDP-GlcNAc:Gal beta 1,3GalNAc-R beta 1, 6GlcNAc transferase				thymocyte maturation			Humans	thymocytes	T-Lymphocytes	7869048	The degree of galectin-1 binding to thymocytes correlated with the maturation stage of the cells, as immature thymocytes bound more galectin-1 than did mature thymocytes.
transferrin-derived glycans	altered level	transferrin		Transferrin					alloantigen responses	Isoantigens		human	blood lymphocytes	Humans	10894360	Here, we determined in mixed leukocyte culture (MLC) and in concanavalin A (ConA)-driven cultures the effect of exogenous Tf and Tf-derived glycans (Tf-Gly) on lymphocyte proliferation.
O-linked Gal beta 1,3GalNAc glycans	altered level				alpha 2,3 O-linked sialyltransferase				T cell development			Mice	thymocytes	T-Lymphocytes	9147043	Intrathymic maturation of T lymphocytes is characterized by variable expression of O-linked Gal beta 1,3GalNAc glycans reactive with peanut agglutinin (PNA) lectin.
asialofetuin	undetermined			asialofetuin								Aspergillus niger	glycopeptides	Glycopeptides	11746894	Glycopeptides from asialofetuin and endopolygalacturonase (EPG) II were used as standards because their glycan structures have been previously characterized.
endopolygalacturonase II	undetermined			endopolygalacturonase II								Aspergillus niger	glycopeptides	Glycopeptides	11746894	Glycopeptides from asialofetuin and endopolygalacturonase (EPG) II were used as standards because their glycan structures have been previously characterized.
pectate lyase	undetermined			pectate lyase								Aspergillus niger	glycopeptides	Glycopeptides	11746894	Glycopeptides with unknown glycan structures were also digested, including glycopeptides from pectate lyase, EPG I, and pectin methylesterase from Aspergillus niger.
EPG I	undetermined											Aspergillus niger	glycopeptides	Glycopeptides	11746894	Glycopeptides with unknown glycan structures were also digested, including glycopeptides from pectate lyase, EPG I, and pectin methylesterase from Aspergillus niger.
pectin methylesterase	undetermined			pectinesterase								Aspergillus niger	glycopeptides	Glycopeptides	11746894	Glycopeptides with unknown glycan structures were also digested, including glycopeptides from pectate lyase, EPG I, and pectin methylesterase from Aspergillus niger.
phosphatidylinositol-glycan anchoring structure	unaltered level	CD59		CD59 Antigens					immune response regulation			Human	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	1710238	The CD59 Ag is a 20-kDa protein that is widely expressed on most leukocytes and RBC, is coupled to the membrane by a phosphatidylinositol-glycan anchoring structure, plays a role in cell interaction between monocytes and T cells, and also functions as an inhibitor of cytolysis by the terminal C components C5b-9.
6'-sulfo-sLex	acquisition of structure	Siglec-8		SIGLEC8 protein, human								Human	eosinophils|basophils|mast cells	Mast Cells	15563466	Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 8 (Siglec-8) is selectively expressed on human eosinophils, basophils, and mast cells, where it regulates their function and survival.
bisected fucosylated N-glycan structures	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma	Cholangiocarcinoma		Humans	tissue|serum	Humans|Humans	36890858	N-glycan analysis in situ was correlated to tumor regions annotated on histopathology and revealed that bisected fucosylated N-glycan structures were specific to iCCA tumor regions.
core-fucosylation	increased ratio	ceruloplasmin		Ceruloplasmin				diagnostic	alcohol-related hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum	Humans	24799124	The core-fucosylation ratio of three of these sites increased significantly in alcohol-related HCC samples (sample size = 24) compared to that in alcohol-related cirrhosis samples (sample size = 18), with the highest AUC value of 0.838 at site 138.
core-fucosylation	unaltered level	ceruloplasmin		Ceruloplasmin					HBV- or HCV-related liver diseases	Hepatitis B|Hepatitis C|Liver Diseases, Alcoholic		Humans	serum	Humans	24799124	However, in HBV- or HCV-related liver diseases, no significant site-specific change in core-fucosylation of ceruloplasmin was observed between HCC and cirrhosis.
sulfated glycans	unaltered level	langerin		CD207 protein, human					human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission		therapeutic agents for HIV	human	Langerhans cells		27447199	It was reported that langerin binds sulfated glycans, which is an important initial step for its role in blocking human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission by capturing HIV pathogens and mediating their internalization into Birbeck granules for their elimination.
heparin	unaltered level	langerin		CD207 protein, human					human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission		therapeutic agents for HIV	human	Langerhans cells		27447199	SPR results revealed that langerin binds to heparin with high affinity (KD ∼ 2.4 nM) and the oligosaccharide length required for the interactions is larger than a tetrasaccharide.
antennary fucosylation	altered level							diagnostic	HNF1A-MODY			human	plasma		33765222	Antennary fucosylation alterations in plasma glycoproteins have been previously proposed and tested as a biomarker for differentiation of maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY) patients carrying a functional mutation in the HNF1A gene.
N-glycan	altered level							diagnostic	borderline ovarian tumor	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		23969014	Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) profiling of serum N-glycans was attempted for differentiating borderline ovarian tumor from benign cases, for which a low data spread is essential.
N-glycan	altered level							diagnostic	benign ovarian tumor	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		23969014	Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) profiling of serum N-glycans was attempted for differentiating borderline ovarian tumor from benign cases, for which a low data spread is essential.
fuco-oligosaccharides	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	Schistosoma mansoni infection	Schistosomiasis		Humans	urine		17996914	For nine of 11 urine samples (1ml) from Egyptian individuals with different intensities of infection, a characteristic MALDI-TOF mass spectrum was observed, representing a series of fuco-oligosaccharides that are produced by schistosome eggs.
Tn-antigen	unaltered level			Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					immunogenicity			mouse	T-cell	T-Lymphocytes	9231328	Immunization experiments revealed that glycopeptides with the glycan in position 72 were immunogenic.
Tn antigen	increased level								leukemia		imatinib treatment	human	K562 cell line	K562 Cells	23725156	Expression of Tn antigen and T antigen was increased while that of sialyl T antigen was decreased.
T antigen	increased level								leukemia		imatinib treatment	human	K562 cell line	K562 Cells	23725156	Expression of Tn antigen and T antigen was increased while that of sialyl T antigen was decreased.
sialyl T antigen	decreased level								leukemia		imatinib treatment	human	K562 cell line	K562 Cells	23725156	Expression of Tn antigen and T antigen was increased while that of sialyl T antigen was decreased.
Tn antigen	altered level			Tn antigen				diagnostic|prognostic	cancer	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate			cell lysates|live cells|serum|tissue samples	|Humans||	39041660	Tn antigen (CD175), recognized as the precursor monosaccharide (α-GalNAc) of mucin O-glycan, is a well-known tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen (TACA).
sialic acid-containing glycans	undetermined	Siglec-7|Siglec-9		SIGLEC7 protein, human|SIGLEC9 protein, human					negative regulation of TCR signaling			human	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	15292262	Like all siglecs, Siglec-7 and -9 recognize sialic acid-containing glycans of glycoproteins and glycolipids as ligands.
fucosylated glycoproteins	increased level	Mac-2 binding protein		TAA90K protein, human				diagnostic|predictive	nonalcoholic steatohepatitis	Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease		Humans	serum		23775887	Mac-2 binding protein (Mac-2 bp) is one of the major fucosylated glycoproteins, which we identified with glycol-proteomic analyses.
fucosylated glycoproteins	increased level	Mac-2 binding protein		TAA90K protein, human				diagnostic|predictive	nonalcoholic fatty liver disease	Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease		Humans	serum		23775887	Mac-2 binding protein (Mac-2 bp) is one of the major fucosylated glycoproteins, which we identified with glycol-proteomic analyses.
sialyl-Lewis x	acquisition of structure	MFAP4		MFAP4 protein, human				diagnostic	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	pancreatic tissues	Pancreatic Neoplasms	33038510	Through a glycoproteomic approach, we have shown that the glycoprotein MFAP4 carries sLe<x> in PDA tissues and not in control pancreatic tissues.
glycan at position 386	altered level	HIV-1 gp120		gp120 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1					HIV-1			Humans		Humans	21697467	This study shows for the first time that GRFT interaction with gp120 exposes the CD4bs through binding the glycan at position 386, which may have implications for how to access this conserved site.
fucosylated triantennary N-glycan	increased level	Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein-1		LRG1 protein, human				diagnostic|monitoring|response	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Human	serum		29642865	Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein-1 with fucosylated triantennary N-glycan (LRG-FTG) was identified as CRC marker after evaluating 30,000 candidate glycopeptide peaks.
N-glycan attached to SCR II	decreased level	CD46		CD46 protein, human|Membrane Cofactor Protein					Adenovirus serotype 35 infection	Adenoviruses, Human		Humans	Cell Membrane	Humans|Cell Membrane	16014961	ablation of the SCR II N-glycan results in about a two- to threefold reduction of binding and transgene expression
phosphatidylinositol glycan	unaltered level	CD16-I		Membrane Glycoproteins									neutrophils		1825220	CD16-I is expressed as a phosphatidylinositol glycan-anchored membrane glycoprotein on neutrophils, whereas CD16-II is a transmembrane-linked glycoprotein on NK cells.
phosphatidylinositol glycan	unaltered level	CD16-II		Membrane Glycoproteins									NK cells		1825220	CD16-I is expressed as a phosphatidylinositol glycan-anchored membrane glycoprotein on neutrophils, whereas CD16-II is a transmembrane-linked glycoprotein on NK cells.
HNK-1 epitope	unaltered level	Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein		Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein					neuropathy			Humans	neuroblastoma cell line SK-N-SH	Neuroblastoma	9792616	A correctly glycosylated myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) must express the carbohydrate epitope HNK-1, which is the target antigen for IgM antibodies in some patients with neuropathy.
Tn determinant	acquisition of structure	83D4 antigen		Glycoproteins|Membrane Glycoproteins|Mucin-1|Mucins					breast carcinoma	Breast Neoplasms		human	MCF-7 cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	7532464	In the present study we characterized the glycoprotein antigen identified by 83D4 in the human breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7.
CD45RB(MEM55) epitope	altered level	Leukocyte Common Antigens		Leukocyte Common Antigens					Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation	Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation	Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation	Humans	B cells	B-Lymphocyte Subsets	24211716	Only a minority of these CD27(-)IgM(high) B cells expressed markers typical for transitional B cells, and the non-transitional CD27(-)IgM(high) cells could be further divided into subpopulations based on their ability to extrude the dye Rhodamine 123 and their expression of CD45RB(MEM55), a glycosylation-dependent epitope.
N-glycosylated	unaltered level	TLR10		TLR10 protein, human					inflammatory cytokines			Human	B cell lines|B cells from peripheral blood|plasmacytoid dendritic cells from tonsil	Cell Line|B-Lymphocytes|Dendritic Cells	15728506	In addition, unlike TLR1 and TLR6, TLR10 was expressed in a highly restricted fashion as a highly N-glycosylated protein, which we detected in B cell lines, B cells from peripheral blood, and plasmacytoid dendritic cells from tonsil.
sialic acids	undetermined	Siglec-9		SIGLEC9 protein, human								Human	granulocytes and monocytes		10801860	Siglec-9 is expressed on granulocytes and monocytes.
glycosylation	undetermined	sPD-L1		B7-H1 Antigen|CD274 protein, human					non-small cell lung cancer	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung|Lung Neoplasms		human	plasma		29366663	The western blot analysis showed that sPD-L1 in the plasma was glycosylated.
MUC1	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1|muc1 protein, mouse				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human|mouse	serum		23335066	The TAB 004 EIA detected circulating MUC1 in a stage-dependent manner in patients with PC and thus may be explored as a PC stage diagnostic biomarker.
MUC1	unaltered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					cancer		cancer immunotherapy	Humans	dendritic cells	Dendritic Cells	11726134	As shown by FACS analysis with MUCI-specific antibodies, the MVA-MUC1/IL-2-transduced DC predominantly expressed the fully processed glycoform of MUC1, typical of that displayed by normal epithelia.
N-glycosylation	altered level	PD-1		PDCD1 protein, human|Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor				response	cancer		immunotherapy	Humans	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	32156778	Here we show that PD-1 is extensively N-glycosylated in T cells and the intensities of its specific glycoforms are altered upon TCR activation.
truncated O-linked saccharides	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1				response	epithelial cancer		therapeutic cancer vaccine	mouse	mammary	Breast	24890740	The mucin MUC1 is overexpressed and aberrantly glycosylated by many epithelial cancer cells manifested by truncated O-linked saccharides.
O-glycosylation	decreased level	MUC1		Mucin-1	polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases|Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase		adenocarcinoma			Humans	serum		15814824	We were able to show that the natural immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses to the repeat domain of MUC1 in sera from nonmalignant control subjects are preferentially directed to variant repeat clusters.
O-glycosylation	decreased level	MUC1		Mucin-1	polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases|Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase		nonmalignant condition			Humans	serum		15814824	We were able to show that the natural immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses to the repeat domain of MUC1 in sera from nonmalignant control subjects are preferentially directed to variant repeat clusters.
fucosylated PSA	undetermined	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic|predictive	aggressive prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Human	serum		33995654	Our previous studies showed that serum fucosylated PSA (Fuc-PSA) and soluble TEK receptor tyrosine kinase (Tie-2) had the ability to predict aggressive (AG) PCa.
gp120	unaltered level	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV			Humans	cell surface		9641677	The entry of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) into cells requires the sequential interaction of the viral exterior envelope glycoprotein, gp120, with the CD4 glycoprotein and a chemokine receptor on the cell surface.
glycosphingolipids with terminal N-acetylneuraminate	loss of structure								mammalian cell attack by E. histolytica			mammalian	cell	Animals	1726664	Attachment of N-acetylneuraminate to the terminal residue of stimulatory glycosphingolipids eliminated activity.
glycosphingolipids with terminal fucose	decreased level								mammalian cell attack by E. histolytica			mammalian	cell	Animals	1726664	Attachment of fucose to the penultimate sugar reduced glycan recognition.
mu chain	altered level	B-cell-receptor		Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell					chronic lymphocytic leukemia	Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell		human	B lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes	15591116	We reported a severe impairment of the glycosylation and folding of mu and CD79a.
CD79a chain	altered level	B-cell-receptor		Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell					chronic lymphocytic leukemia	Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell		human	B lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes	15591116	We reported a severe impairment of the glycosylation and folding of mu and CD79a.
deglycosylated ricin A chain	altered level								Burkitt Lymphoma	Burkitt Lymphoma		Mice	Tumor Cells, Cultured	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8529213	However, the in vivo anti-tumor activity of both constructs of each IT was the same.
deglycosylated ricin A chain	altered level								Hodgkin Disease	Hodgkin Disease		Mice	Tumor Cells, Cultured	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8529213	However, the in vivo anti-tumor activity of both constructs of each IT was the same.
deglycosylated ricin A chain	altered level								Lymphoma	Lymphoma		Mice	Tumor Cells, Cultured	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8529213	However, the in vivo anti-tumor activity of both constructs of each IT was the same.
underglycosylated MUC1	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					multiple myeloma	Multiple Myeloma		Humans	bone marrow mononuclear cells	Bone Marrow Cells	9184925	Thus it is generally accepted that the HLA-unrestricted CTL which directly recognize the underglycosylated from of MUC1 using their TCR could be induced from a certain proportion (approximately 30%) of untreated multiple myeloma patients.
underglycosylated MUC1	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					breast carcinoma	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	bone marrow mononuclear cells	Bone Marrow Cells	9184925	Both CTL lines lysed MUC1+ myeloma and breast carcinoma cell lines.
O-linked carbohydrates	altered level	CD45RO		Leukocyte Common Antigens					lymphocyte activation			Humans	T cell		7509359	Both the UCHL1 and A6 epitopes were dependent on the presence of O-linked carbohydrates; and the UCHL1, but not the A6 epitope, was dependent on the presence of sialic acid.
sialic acid	altered level	CD45RO		Leukocyte Common Antigens					lymphocyte activation			Humans	T cell		7509359	Both the UCHL1 and A6 epitopes were dependent on the presence of O-linked carbohydrates; and the UCHL1, but not the A6 epitope, was dependent on the presence of sialic acid.
sialyl-Lewis X	acquisition of structure	alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein|P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1|CD43		|Recombinant Fusion Proteins|Recombinant Fusion Proteins	FucT-III|FucT-V|FucT-VI|FucT-VII		Fucosyltransferases|Fucosyltransferases|Fucosyltransferases|Fucosyltransferases		metastasis			Chinese hamster	CHO-K1 cells	CHO Cells	18607721	FucT-III, V-VII made SLe(x) on N-glycans of AGP/IgG in CHO, but not in COS and 293T cells, even though the same FucTs could make SLe(x) on CD43/IgG and PSGL-1/IgG in these cells.
sialyl-Lewis X	acquisition of structure	alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein|P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1|CD43		|Recombinant Fusion Proteins|Recombinant Fusion Proteins	FucT-III|FucT-V|FucT-VI|FucT-VII		Fucosyltransferases|Fucosyltransferases|Fucosyltransferases|Fucosyltransferases		bacterial adhesion			Chinese hamster	CHO-K1 cells	CHO Cells	18607721	FucT-III, V-VII made SLe(x) on N-glycans of AGP/IgG in CHO, but not in COS and 293T cells, even though the same FucTs could make SLe(x) on CD43/IgG and PSGL-1/IgG in these cells.
sialyl-Lewis X	acquisition of structure	alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein|P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1|CD43		|Recombinant Fusion Proteins|Recombinant Fusion Proteins	FucT-III|FucT-V|FucT-VI|FucT-VII		Fucosyltransferases|Fucosyltransferases|Fucosyltransferases|Fucosyltransferases		leukocyte extravasation			Chinese hamster	CHO-K1 cells	CHO Cells	18607721	FucT-III, V-VII made SLe(x) on N-glycans of AGP/IgG in CHO, but not in COS and 293T cells, even though the same FucTs could make SLe(x) on CD43/IgG and PSGL-1/IgG in these cells.
N-glycan	loss of structure	transferrin	TF	Transferrin				diagnostic	chronic alcohol abuse	Alcoholism		human			37030568	Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) is a performant biomarker used for the diagnosis of chronic alcohol abuse.
α2-6-linked sialyl glycans	altered level	H1 hemagglutinin		H1N1 virus hemagglutinin|Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus					Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype	Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype		swine|humans			21173148	Although new pandemic H1 protein exhibited hardly any binding, swine H1 bound efficiently to a number of α2-6-linked sialyl glycans.
immunogamma globulin glycans	altered level							predictive	imbalanced metabolic profile			dairy cow	milk	Milk	30692010	Predictive models for metabolic clusters were created and validated using 3 sets of milk biomarkers (milk metabolites and enzymes, glycans on the immunogamma globulin fraction of milk, and Fourier-transform mid-infrared spectra of milk).
Globo H	increased level							diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	vaccine	mice	breast cancer cells		23355685	Globo H (GH) is a hexasaccharide specifically overexpressed on a variety of cancer cells and therefore, a good candidate for cancer vaccine development.
stage-specific embryonic antigen 3	increased level							diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	vaccine	mice	breast cancer cells		23355685	Compared with the phase III clinical trial vaccine, GH-keyhole limpet hemocyanion/QS21, the GH-DT/C34 vaccine elicited more IgG antibodies, which are more selective for GH and the GH-related epitopes, stage-specific embryonic antigen 3 (SSEA3) and SSEA4, all of which were specifically overexpressed on breast cancer cells and breast cancer stem cells with SSEA4 at the highest level (>90%).
stage-specific embryonic antigen 4	increased level							diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	vaccine	mice	breast cancer cells		23355685	Compared with the phase III clinical trial vaccine, GH-keyhole limpet hemocyanion/QS21, the GH-DT/C34 vaccine elicited more IgG antibodies, which are more selective for GH and the GH-related epitopes, stage-specific embryonic antigen 3 (SSEA3) and SSEA4, all of which were specifically overexpressed on breast cancer cells and breast cancer stem cells with SSEA4 at the highest level (>90%).
terminal Gal/GalNAc	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic|prognostic	breast cancer			human	breast cancer cell lines|breast cancer tissue samples	Humans|Tumor Cells, Cultured	32502344	The relationship between MUC1-specific terminal Gal/GalNAc expression and breast cancer diagnosis/prognosis was also assessed.
Lewis a epitope	unaltered level				fucosyltransferase				recognition and adhesion processes			plant	sycamore cells	Cells, Cultured|Trees	9450345	This is the first characterization in plants of a Lewis antigen that is usually found on cell-surface glycoconjugates in mammals and involved in recognition and adhesion processes.
Galβ1,3GalNAcα- (Core 1)	decreased level				Core 1 Gal-transferase (C1GalT)		C1GALT1 protein, human		colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		human	HT29 and SW620 cells	HT29 Cells	23536887	It was found that siRNA suppression of C1GalT markedly reduced the expression of Galβ1,3GalNAcα- (Core 1) and in the meantime increased the expressions of sialyl-GalNAcα- (sialyl-Tn), GalNAcα- (Tn) and GlcNAcβ1,3GalNAcα- (Core 3)-associated glycans in human colon cancer HT29 and SW620 cells.
sialyl-GalNAcα- (sialyl-Tn)	increased level				Core 1 Gal-transferase (C1GalT)		C1GALT1 protein, human		colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		human	HT29 and SW620 cells	HT29 Cells	23536887	It was found that siRNA suppression of C1GalT markedly reduced the expression of Galβ1,3GalNAcα- (Core 1) and in the meantime increased the expressions of sialyl-GalNAcα- (sialyl-Tn), GalNAcα- (Tn) and GlcNAcβ1,3GalNAcα- (Core 3)-associated glycans in human colon cancer HT29 and SW620 cells.
GalNAcα- (Tn)	increased level				Core 1 Gal-transferase (C1GalT)		C1GALT1 protein, human		colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		human	HT29 and SW620 cells	HT29 Cells	23536887	It was found that siRNA suppression of C1GalT markedly reduced the expression of Galβ1,3GalNAcα- (Core 1) and in the meantime increased the expressions of sialyl-GalNAcα- (sialyl-Tn), GalNAcα- (Tn) and GlcNAcβ1,3GalNAcα- (Core 3)-associated glycans in human colon cancer HT29 and SW620 cells.
GlcNAcβ1,3GalNAcα- (Core 3)	increased level				Core 1 Gal-transferase (C1GalT)		C1GALT1 protein, human		colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		human	HT29 and SW620 cells	HT29 Cells	23536887	It was found that siRNA suppression of C1GalT markedly reduced the expression of Galβ1,3GalNAcα- (Core 1) and in the meantime increased the expressions of sialyl-GalNAcα- (sialyl-Tn), GalNAcα- (Tn) and GlcNAcβ1,3GalNAcα- (Core 3)-associated glycans in human colon cancer HT29 and SW620 cells.
N-glycan	altered level							diagnostic|prognostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	serum		33729545	This three-phase study was designed to find and validate new ANHCC N-glycan markers which identified from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and noninvasive detection.
core 3 O-glycan	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1	core 3 synthase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|UDP-GlcNAc GalNAc-peptide beta1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	colon cancer cells	Humans	28745318	Mechanically, we revealed that mucin-type core 3 O-glycan was synthesized at the membrane-tethered MUC1 N terminus because of core 3 synthase expression in colon cancer cells.
transferrin glycan isoform	altered level	transferrin		Glycoproteins				monitoring|response	PGM1-congenital disorder of glycosylation		d-galactose supplementation	Humans	serum		34043239	Oral d-galactose supplementation shows significant clinical and metabolic improvements, which are indicated by the Tf glycan isoform normalization over time in patients with PGM1-CDG.
terminal α2,6-linked sialic acid	unaltered level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer			Humans	prostate tissue		34342257	Binding assays performed using the optimized ELISA revealed that the glycan of the PSA sample used in this study mainly consists of terminal α2,6-linked sialic acid, as strongly recognized by Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA) with a KD value of 12.38 nM.
fully-sialylated glycans	increased level	alpha-chain of complement 4-binding protein		Complement C4b-Binding Protein				diagnostic	ovarian clear cell carcinoma	Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell		human	serum		26477941	A2160, a fully-sialylated alpha-chain of complement 4-binding protein, was identified as a candidate target marker.
fully-sialylated glycans	increased level	alpha-chain of complement 4-binding protein		Complement C4b-Binding Protein				diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	serum		26477941	In addition, fully-sialylated glycans had a higher accuracy for diagnosing EOC as compared to partially-sialylated glycans of alpha-chain of complement 4-binding protein.
sialylated T (ST) antigens	increased level	HOMER3		HOMER3 protein, human|Homer Scaffolding Proteins				prognostic	bladder cancer	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		human	bladder tumours	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms	34108014	Sialylated T (ST) antigens were found to be the most abundant glycans in cell lines and over 900 glycoproteins were identified potentially carrying these glycans.
short-chain O-glycans	increased level	HOMER3		HOMER3 protein, human|Homer Scaffolding Proteins				prognostic	bladder cancer	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		human	bladder tumours	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms	34108014	HOMER3, typically a cytosolic protein, emerged as a top-ranked targetable glycoprotein at the cell surface carrying short-chain O-glycans.
glycans	undetermined							diagnostic	Prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	Exosomes	Exosomes	35576661	The final experiment shows the potential of lectin fluorescent microarrays for the analysis of glycans present in lysed exosomes.
sialyl Lewis-X	undetermined			Sialyl Lewis X Antigen											26426963	We describe the direct NMR detection of a C-H···O nonconventional hydrogen bond (Hbond) and provide experimental and theoretical evidence for conventional Hbonds in the pentasaccharide sialyl Lewis-X (sLe(X)-5) between 5 and 37 °C in water.
phenylboronic acid (PBA)	increased level							diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	circulating tumor cells	Neoplastic Cells, Circulating	28892262	A glycan-stimulated and poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene)s (PEDOT)-based nanomaterial platform is fabricated to purify circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from blood samples of prostate cancer (PCa) patients.
b1,6 branched N-oligosaccharides	increased level	LAMP1		Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 1				risk	Melanoma, Experimental	Melanoma, Experimental		Mice	B16-melanoma metastatic cell lines		16132574	In this communication we show that b1,6 branched N-oligosaccharides which are expressed in a metastasis-dependent manner on B16-melanoma metastatic cell lines, participate in the adhesion process.
poly N-acetyl lactosamine	increased level	LAMP1		Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 1				risk	Melanoma, Experimental	Melanoma, Experimental		Mice	B16-melanoma metastatic cell lines		16132574	LAMP1 on high metastatic cells, carry very high levels of these oligosaccharides, which are further substituted with poly N-acetyl lactosamine (polylacNAc), resulting in the expression of high density of very high affinity ligands for galectin-3 on the cell surface.
p46	unaltered level								non-major histocompatibility complex-restricted cytolysis			human	natural killer cells	Killer Cells, Natural	9314561	Both the unique cellular distribution and functional capability of p46 molecules suggest a possible role in the mechanisms of non-major histocompatibility complex-restricted cytolysis mediated by human NK cells.
mono-glucosylation	acquisition of structure				TcdB		toxB protein, Clostridium difficile		C. difficile-associated diarrhea			Clostridium difficile	cellular F-actin	Actins	23344455	TcdB from the C. difficile strain VPI10463 mono-glucosylates (thereby inactivates) the small GTPases Rho, Rac, and Cdc42, while Toxin B from the variant C. difficile strain serotype F 1470 (TcdBF) specifically mono-glucosylates Rac but not Rho(A/B/C).
mono-glucosylation	acquisition of structure				TcdB		toxB protein, Clostridium difficile		pseudomembranous colitis			Clostridium difficile	cellular F-actin	Actins	23344455	TcdB from the C. difficile strain VPI10463 mono-glucosylates (thereby inactivates) the small GTPases Rho, Rac, and Cdc42, while Toxin B from the variant C. difficile strain serotype F 1470 (TcdBF) specifically mono-glucosylates Rac but not Rho(A/B/C).
N-linked glycan	altered level	PTPRF		PTPRF protein, human				diagnostic|prognostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human|murine	plasma|tissue		22494190	Specifically, the identification of the extracellular domain of protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type F (PTPRF) was of particular interest due to the direct involvement of PTPRF in the control of β-catenin signaling, as well as dramatically elevated gene expression levels in the prostate compared to other tissues.
Tn antigen	increased level							response	tumor		intradermal immunization	mouse|human	dermal dendritic cells	Langerhans Cells	20720186	In vivo targeting of C-type lectin receptors is an effective strategy for increasing antigen uptake and presentation by dendritic cells (DCs).
sialyl-Lewis(x)	increased level	mucins		Mucins	C2/4GnT|ST3Gal-IV		Sialyltransferases|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase	risk	Cystic fibrosis	Cystic Fibrosis		Humans|Mice	airway epithelial cells	Respiratory Mucosa	26555707	Notably, the levels of sialyl-Lewis(x) directly correlate with infection severity in CF patients.
3-fucosyl-N-acetyllactosamine	increased level				Fuc-TIV|Fuc-TIX		Fucosyltransferases|Fucosyltransferases		cerebellar development			rat	cerebellar astrocytes	Cerebellum	11891771	Infection of cerebellar astrocytes with viral vectors expressing either Fuc-TIV, or Fuc-TIX, caused dramatic increases in CD15 expression in the presence of continued endogenous SGC epitope expression.
sulfoglucuronylcarbohydrate	unaltered level				Fuc-TIV|Fuc-TIX		Fucosyltransferases|Fucosyltransferases		cerebellar development			rat	cerebellar astrocytes	Cerebellum	11891771	Infection of cerebellar astrocytes with viral vectors expressing either Fuc-TIV, or Fuc-TIX, caused dramatic increases in CD15 expression in the presence of continued endogenous SGC epitope expression.
N-Glycosylated	acquisition of structure	recombinant ricin B chain		Ricin								Xenopus oocytes	oocytes	Oocytes	1718601	N-Glycosylated recombinant ricin B chain expressed in Xenopus oocytes bound to both immobilized asialofetuin and immobilized lactose.
Non-glycosylated	loss of structure	ricin B chain		Ricin								E. coli|Xenopus oocytes	E. coli|oocytes	Escherichia coli|Oocytes	1718601	Non-glycosylated ricin B chain expressed in either E. coli or in tunicamycin-treated oocytes did not bind to immobilized lactose.
glycosylated gp120	altered level	HIV envelope gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV	HIV-1		Drosophila	Schneider 2 cell line	Cell Line	1369452	The Drosophila produced recombinant gp120 protein is highly glycosylated, is recognized by gp120-specific monoclonal antibodies, binds to the CD4 receptor and has the ability to inhibit syncytia formation between uninfected CD4+ cells and HIV infected cells.
N-glycosylation	decreased level	CD147		BSG protein, human|Basigin				response	autoimmune disease	Autoimmune Diseases	statins	human	THP-1 cell line	THP-1 Cells	29253870	In addition, statins induced a shift of CD147 from its highly glycosylated form to its lowly glycosylated form.
IgA1	decreased level	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A	neuraminidase		Neuraminidase		Diabetes			Human	serum		18045697	Diabetes also raises serum IgA and neuraminidase levels.
hyperglycosylated hCG	increased level	hCG		Chorionic Gonadotropin				diagnostic	normal pregnancy			Human	urine		17092638	In early pregnancy urine concentrations of B152 hCG were significantly higher in normal pregnancy (NP) compared to early pregnancy loss (EPL).
hyperglycosylated hCG	decreased level	hCG		Chorionic Gonadotropin				diagnostic	early pregnancy loss	Embryo Loss		Human	urine		17092638	In early pregnancy urine concentrations of B152 hCG were significantly higher in normal pregnancy (NP) compared to early pregnancy loss (EPL).
hyperglycosylated hCG	decreased ratio	hCG		Chorionic Gonadotropin				diagnostic	spontaneous abortion	Abortion, Spontaneous		Human	urine		17092638	However, the B152/B109 ratio declined with gestational age faster in SA than in NP suggesting perhaps a different loss mechanism in SA versus EPL.
MUC1	increased level	Mucin-1		Mucin-1				prognostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	carcinoma		9829723	The patients with MUC1+ mucin antigen staining in the carcinoma showed significantly worse survival than those with MUC1- mucin antigen staining.
MUC2	increased level	Mucin-2		Mucin-2				prognostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	carcinoma		9829723	In contrast, the patients with MUC2+ mucin antigen staining in the carcinoma showed significantly better survival than those with MUC2- mucin antigen staining.
Agalactosyl biantennary glycans (FA2)	increased level							prognostic	lymph node-positive breast cancer			Humans	sera		20581008	The combined levels of the glycans were significantly higher in patients with lymph node metastases compared to women without these metastases.
glycans containing the sialyl Lewis x epitope (A3F1G1 and A2F1G1)	increased level							prognostic	lymph node-positive breast cancer			Humans	sera		20581008	The combined levels of the glycans were significantly higher in patients with lymph node metastases compared to women without these metastases.
sialosyl-Tn antigen	unaltered level	keyhole limpet hemocyanin		Glycoconjugates				response	cancer	Cancer Vaccines	anticancer vaccine	mouse	tumor cells	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate	25679360	The results showed that the modified glycoconjugates stimulated the production of IgG antibodies that are capable of recognizing the naturally occurring STn antigen, helping the discovery of carbohydrate-based anticancer vaccine candidates.
N-linked glycans	decreased level	SIRP alpha		Membrane Glycoproteins	beta 4-galactosyltransferase		N-Acetyllactosamine Synthase					Animals	brain		11256998	We demonstrate a major difference in the galactosylation of N-linked glycans isolated from neuronal (i.e. brain-derived) SIRP alpha as compared to myeloid (i.e. spleen-derived) SIRP alpha, with neuronal SIRP alpha almost completely lacking galactose.
N-linked glycans	unaltered level	SIRP alpha		Membrane Glycoproteins	beta 4-galactosyltransferase		N-Acetyllactosamine Synthase					Animals	spleen		11256998	We demonstrate a major difference in the galactosylation of N-linked glycans isolated from neuronal (i.e. brain-derived) SIRP alpha as compared to myeloid (i.e. spleen-derived) SIRP alpha, with neuronal SIRP alpha almost completely lacking galactose.
α-dystroglycan	decreased level	α-dystroglycan		Dystroglycans	Fukutin-related protein		Fkrp protein, mouse		muscular dystrophies			mouse	cerebral cortex|eye	Cerebral Cortex|Eye	21900571	The defining feature of this group of disorders is the hypoglycosylation of α-dystroglycan and its inability to effectively bind extracellular matrix ligands such as laminin α2.
α-dystroglycan	decreased level	α-dystroglycan		Dystroglycans	Fukutin-related protein		Fkrp protein, mouse		congenital muscular dystrophies			mouse	cerebral cortex|eye	Cerebral Cortex|Eye	21900571	The defining feature of this group of disorders is the hypoglycosylation of α-dystroglycan and its inability to effectively bind extracellular matrix ligands such as laminin α2.
glycosylation in domains surrounding the CD4 binding site	decreased level	Env protein		Gene Products, env					HIV	HIV-1		insect|mammalian	cells	Cell Line	15582650	Our study suggests that modified HIV Env proteins with reduced glycosylation in domains surrounding the CD4 binding site or variable loop-deleted mutants expose important neutralizing epitopes at higher levels than wild type and may provide novel vaccine immunogens.
cancer-associated carbohydrate antigens	increased level			Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	colorectal cancer cells	Colorectal Neoplasms	11959136	Finally, we show that abnormal glycosylation is also accompanied by similar structural disorganization and fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus in colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
glycosylated LT	acquisition of structure	Lymphotoxin-alpha		Lymphotoxin-alpha				response	solid tumour			mice	tumour-regional mononuclear cells		8439496	We compared the antitumour effects of glycosylated LT (gLT), nonglycosylated LT and TNF against a solid tumour in mice.
carbohydrate moiety	loss of structure	gamma 1 CD3 mAb		Antibodies, Monoclonal				safety	cytokine-release syndrome		immunosuppressive therapy	mouse			8436176	Comparison of the gamma 1 and aglycosyl gamma 1 mAb in an experimental mouse model for CD3 mAb-induced cytokine release indicated that removal of the carbohydrate moiety from the gamma 1 constant region reduced the in vivo tumor necrosis factor-alpha response by a factor of at least 16-fold.
O-linked oligosaccharides	acquisition of structure	leukosialin		Leukosialin|SPN protein, human|Sialoglycoproteins				diagnostic	erythroleukemia	Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute		human	K562 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	2451948	A murine monoclonal antibody (GA3) obtained by immunizing mice with cells of the human erythroleukemic cell line K562 is shown to define a 105 kilodalton (kd) membrane antigen on K562 cells that is restricted within the hematopoietic system to the erythroid lineage and to a minor population of CD3, CD4 positive T lymphocytes.
oligosaccharides	decreased level	IgG-Fc		Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments					Wegener's granulomatosis			Humans	sera		16413679	We have previously reported a marked deficit in galactosylation of oligosaccharides released from polyclonal IgG isolated from sera of patients with the anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) associated vasculitides; Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA).
oligosaccharides	decreased level	IgG-Fc		Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments					microscopic polyangiitis			Humans	sera		16413679	We have previously reported a marked deficit in galactosylation of oligosaccharides released from polyclonal IgG isolated from sera of patients with the anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) associated vasculitides; Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) and microscopic polyangiitis (MPA).
hyperglycosylated human chorionic gonadotropin	altered level	human chorionic gonadotropin		Chorionic Gonadotropin				diagnostic	Down syndrome	Down Syndrome		human	urine		11084551	Our purpose was to compare the concentration of a single urinary analyte, hyperglycosylated human chorionic gonadotropin, with the serum triple screen (alpha-fetoprotein, human chorionic gonadotropin, and unconjugated estriol concentrations combined with age) for second-trimester Down syndrome detection.
sialyl Lewis x	acquisition of structure	soluble complement receptor type 1		Receptors, Complement				response	myocardial infarction	Myocardial Infarction		rat	myocardium	Myocardium	10556930	This study investigated the effects of soluble complement receptor type 1 (sCR1) or sCR1sLex, agents which function as a complement inhibitor or as a combined complement inhibitor and selectin adhesion molecule antagonist, respectively, on the infarct size and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) release caused by regional myocardial ischaemia and reperfusion in the rat.
glucosylceramide	decreased level								apoptosis	Apoptosis		Humans	CHP-100 neuroepithelioma cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	10049730	NOE inhibition of Lc-GlcCer generation was accompanied by enhanced accumulation of Lc-Cer and by potentiation of apoptosis induced by C6-Cer; the possible causal relationships between these two phenomena are discussed.
glycosylated G-CSF	undetermined	Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor		Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor							stem cell collection	Humans	Blood		9509970	We conclude that glycosylated G-CSF should not be given immediately prior to stem cell collection.
CD30 glycosylation	altered level	CD30		Ki-1 Antigen					Hodgkin's disease	Hodgkin Disease		Humans	tumor cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	7591296	Pulse-chase experiments, analysis of the CD30 glycosylation and specific measurement of the 90-kDa soluble form of CD30 (sCD30) with a sandwich radioimmunoassay revealed that CD30 down-modulation results from enhanced release of 90-kDa sCD30 by the site-specific cleavage of CD30 accomplished by a zinc metalloproteinase.
CD30 glycosylation	altered level	CD30		Ki-1 Antigen					non-Hodgkin lymphomas	Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin		Humans	tumor cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	7591296	Pulse-chase experiments, analysis of the CD30 glycosylation and specific measurement of the 90-kDa soluble form of CD30 (sCD30) with a sandwich radioimmunoassay revealed that CD30 down-modulation results from enhanced release of 90-kDa sCD30 by the site-specific cleavage of CD30 accomplished by a zinc metalloproteinase.
O-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	immunoglobulin G2b		Immunoglobulin G							therapeutic significance	mouse	immunoglobulin G2b	Immunoglobulin G	7512967	We suggest that the O-glycosylation renders the hinge region resistant against the proteolyses of the heavy chain.
Neu5Ac(alpha2,6)Lac	increased level	CD22		CD22 protein, human|Cd22 protein, mouse				response	B-cell activation		inhibitors of B-cell activation	human|mouse	B-Lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes	11152460	Binding of endogenous ligands to CD22 triggers B-cell activation and proliferation.
Neu5Ac-4-nitrobenzoyl-Glc	increased level	CD22		CD22 protein, human|Cd22 protein, mouse				response	B-cell activation		inhibitors of B-cell activation	human|mouse	B-Lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes	11152460	The most potent monovalent ligand, Neu5Ac-4-nitrobenzoyl-Glc, was selected to generate multivalent ligands based on either a glutamate or Tris cluster core.
Glycosylation	altered level								Sjögren's syndrome	Sjogren's Syndrome		Humans	labial salivary gland	Salivary Glands	30391023	Overexpression of Syt-1 was associated with salivary gland alterations revealing that the secretory dysfunction in SS-patients is linked to altered expression and/or localization of secretory machinery components together with impaired epithelial cell polarity.
IgA1 O-glycosylation	altered level	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A					IgA nephropathy			Humans	serum		10977812	His IgA1 had altered O-glycosylation in the pattern seen in IgAN and also contained an IgA-ANCA.
IgA1 O-glycosylation	altered level	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A					Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis	IgA Vasculitis		Humans	serum		10977812	His IgA1 had altered O-glycosylation in the pattern seen in IgAN and also contained an IgA-ANCA.
N-glycosylation sites	unaltered level	Basigin		Basigin					tumor progression			Humans|Mice	Cell Membrane	Cell Membrane	10880960	In contrast, the mutations of the C-terminal Ig-like domain or N-glycosylation sites did not affect the association.
N-glycosylated proteins	altered level	Interferon-gamma		Interferon-gamma	glucosidase I and II		Glucosidases		anti CD3-stimulated lymphocytes			Mice	lymphocytes	Lymphocytes	10823661	As described previously (Kosuge T., Toyoshima S., Biol. Pharm. Bull., 23, 1-5 (2000)), inhibitors of the glycoprotein processing enzymes, glucosidase I and II, induce decreased secretion of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) into culture supernatants of anti CD3-stimulated lymphocytes, and in the present study the mechanism has been investigated in further detail.
H type-3 trisaccharide	acquisition of structure	MUC-1	MUC1	Mucin-1				diagnostic	gastric adenocarcinomas	Stomach Neoplasms	partial deglycosylation by periodate treatment	Humans	gastric mucosae	Gastric Mucosa	7685744	In gastric adenocarcinomas, MUSE11 and SM3 epitopes are expressed in 75% (25/33) and 9% (3/33) respectively, while, after partial deglycosylation by periodate treatment, they are positive in 100% (33/33) and 70% (23/33) of cases, respectively.
O-glycosylation	undetermined	MUC1	Muc-1	Mucin-1|Mucins					tumor			Mouse	glandular epithelial cells	Cell Membrane	1714452	This mucin (previously called polymorphic epithelial mucin) is present at the apical surface of most glandular epithelial cells.
sialyl-Tn antigen	increased level							prognostic	bladder cancer	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms	mTOR-pathway inhibitor sirolimus (rapamycin)	Humans	bladder tumours	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms	26569621	STn was statically higher in MIBC when compared to non-muscle invasive tumours (p = 0.001) and associated decreased cancer-specific survival (log rank p = 0.024).
Tn antigen	unaltered level								bladder cancer	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	bladder tumours	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms	26569621	In our series the expression of Tn was residual and was not linked to stage or outcome, while STn was statically higher in MIBC when compared to non-muscle invasive tumours (p = 0.001) and associated decreased cancer-specific survival (log rank p = 0.024).
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	MUC6		MUC6 protein, human|Mucin-6	ppGalNAc-T1|ppGalNAc-T2|ppGalNAc-T7				adenocarcinomas		anti-cancer vaccines	human	gastric tissues		21193402	The Tn antigen (α-GalNAc-O-Ser/Thr) is one of the most specific human cancer-associated structures.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	MUC6		MUC6 protein, human|Mucin-6	ppGalNAc-T1|ppGalNAc-T2|ppGalNAc-T7				intestinal carcinomas		anti-cancer vaccines	human	gastric tissues		21193402	In particular, the MUC6 protein, which is normally expressed only in gastric tissues, has been detected in intestinal, pulmonary, colorectal, and breast carcinomas.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	MUC6		MUC6 protein, human|Mucin-6	ppGalNAc-T1|ppGalNAc-T2|ppGalNAc-T7				pulmonary carcinomas		anti-cancer vaccines	human	gastric tissues		21193402	In particular, the MUC6 protein, which is normally expressed only in gastric tissues, has been detected in intestinal, pulmonary, colorectal, and breast carcinomas.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	MUC6		MUC6 protein, human|Mucin-6	ppGalNAc-T1|ppGalNAc-T2|ppGalNAc-T7				colorectal carcinomas		anti-cancer vaccines	human	gastric tissues		21193402	In particular, the MUC6 protein, which is normally expressed only in gastric tissues, has been detected in intestinal, pulmonary, colorectal, and breast carcinomas.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	MUC6		MUC6 protein, human|Mucin-6	ppGalNAc-T1|ppGalNAc-T2|ppGalNAc-T7				breast carcinomas		anti-cancer vaccines	human	gastric tissues		21193402	In particular, the MUC6 protein, which is normally expressed only in gastric tissues, has been detected in intestinal, pulmonary, colorectal, and breast carcinomas.
alpha(2,3)-sialylation	decreased level	Carcinoembryonic Antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen	alpha(2,3)-sialyltransferase		Sialyltransferases		cancer						19277980	We show that only a 0.2 pH unit increase (20 microM CQ) is sufficient to markedly impair terminal alpha(2,3)-sialylation of an N-glycosylated reporter protein (CEA), and to induce selective mislocalization of the corresponding alpha(2,3)-sialyltransferase (ST3) into the endosomal compartments.
alpha(2,6)-sialylation	unaltered level				ST6		Sialyltransferases		cancer						19277980	Much higher pH increase was required to impair alpha(2,6)-sialylation, or the proximal glycosylation steps such as beta(1,4)-galactosylation or acquisition of Endo H resistance, and the steady-state localization of the key enzymes responsible for these modifications (ST6, GalT I, MANII).
beta1,6-branched oligosaccharides	acquisition of structure							prognostic	cutaneous malignant melanoma	Melanoma|Skin Neoplasms		Humans	tumor	Skin Neoplasms	17696914	Previously, hypermelanotic regions of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) were found to contain a mixture of highly melanized melanoma cells and melanophages.
beta1,6-branched oligosaccharides	acquisition of structure							prognostic	carcinomas of the breast			Humans	tumor	Skin Neoplasms	17696914	These sugars are used for motility by myeloid cells and cancer cells alike and are associated with poor survival in carcinomas of the breast, colon and lung.
beta1,6-branched oligosaccharides	acquisition of structure							prognostic	carcinomas of the colon			Humans	tumor	Skin Neoplasms	17696914	These sugars are used for motility by myeloid cells and cancer cells alike and are associated with poor survival in carcinomas of the breast, colon and lung.
beta1,6-branched oligosaccharides	acquisition of structure							prognostic	carcinomas of the lung			Humans	tumor	Skin Neoplasms	17696914	These sugars are used for motility by myeloid cells and cancer cells alike and are associated with poor survival in carcinomas of the breast, colon and lung.
alpha-galactosylceramide	acquisition of structure								NKT cell activation			human|murine	iNKT cell clones or hybridomas	Humans|Mice|Hybridomas	16458002	Glycoceramides can activate NKT cells by binding with CD1d to produce IFN-gamma, IL-4, and other cytokines.
isoglobotrihexosylceramide	acquisition of structure								NKT cell activation			human|murine	iNKT cell clones or hybridomas	Humans|Mice|Hybridomas	16458002	Biological assays on the synthetic KRN7000 and iGb3 were performed using human and murine iNKT cell clones or hybridomas.
alpha-galactosylation	increased level	membrane glycoproteins		Membrane Glycoproteins	alpha1,3-galactosyltransferase		Galactosyltransferases|N-acetyllactosamine alpha-D-galactosyltransferase		Carcinoma, Embryonal	Carcinoma, Embryonal	retinoic acid	mouse	F9 cells		8621726	Differentiation of F9 cells is accompanied by an increase in alpha-galactosylation of membrane glycoproteins and a decrease in expression of the stage-specific embryonic antigen, SSEA-1 (also known as the Lewis X antigen or LeX), which has the structure Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAcbeta1-R.
Lewis X antigen	decreased level	membrane glycoproteins		Membrane Glycoproteins	alpha1,3-galactosyltransferase		Galactosyltransferases|N-acetyllactosamine alpha-D-galactosyltransferase		Carcinoma, Embryonal	Carcinoma, Embryonal	retinoic acid	mouse	F9 cells		8621726	Differentiation of F9 cells is accompanied by an increase in alpha-galactosylation of membrane glycoproteins and a decrease in expression of the stage-specific embryonic antigen, SSEA-1 (also known as the Lewis X antigen or LeX), which has the structure Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAcbeta1-R.
HIV-1 gp120	altered level	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans		Humans	9491908	Enzymatic deglycosylation of the variable loop-deleted protein only minimally altered the binding of most antibodies examined.
albumin cysteinylation	increased level	albumin		Serum Albumin, Human|Serum Albumin				diagnostic	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2	sulfonylureas|metformin	Humans	serum		38696648	T2DM was associated with higher oxidative (cysteinylation) and combined (cysteinylation plus glycation) albumin molecular modifications, which are not ameliorated by improved glucose control alone.
albumin glycation	decreased level	albumin		Serum Albumin, Human|Serum Albumin				monitoring	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2	sulfonylureas|metformin	Humans	serum		38696648	Improvements in glycemic control and decreases in albumin glycation during diabetes therapy in T2DM were not always associated with concurrent reductions of albumin cysteinylation, and in some therapeutic situations, albumin cysteinylation worsened (glycation-cysteinylation discordance).
Tn antigen	increased level	MUC1|OPN		MUC1 protein, human|	GALNT1		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases	predictive	breast cancer metastasis	Breast Neoplasms		human|mouse	clinical metastatic breast cancer specimens|secondary metastasis mouse model	|	31836847	LAMTOR5 was highly expressed in adenocarcinoma and correlated with Tn antigen, a product of O-glycosylation initiation, in both clinical metastatic breast cancer specimens and secondary metastasis mouse model.
fucosylated N-glycopeptides	increased level	α-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	serum		31076819	We targeted N-glycoproteins [α-fetoprotein (AFP), vitronectin (VTN), and α-1-antichymotrypsin (AACT)] that are abnormally glycosylated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
fucosylated N-glycopeptides	increased level	vitronectin		Vitronectin				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	serum		31076819	We targeted N-glycoproteins [α-fetoprotein (AFP), vitronectin (VTN), and α-1-antichymotrypsin (AACT)] that are abnormally glycosylated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
fucosylated N-glycopeptides	increased level	α-1-antichymotrypsin		alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	serum		31076819	We targeted N-glycoproteins [α-fetoprotein (AFP), vitronectin (VTN), and α-1-antichymotrypsin (AACT)] that are abnormally glycosylated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
proBNP 1-108	unaltered level				Neprilysin		Neprilysin	diagnostic	Heart Failure	Heart Failure	LCZ696 (Entresto(TM))	Humans		Humans	26864319	In contrast to BNP, both forms of proBNP were resistant to degradation by neprilysin.
glycated CD59	increased level	CD59		CD59 Antigens|CD59 protein, human				diagnostic|risk	Gestational diabetes mellitus	Diabetes, Gestational		Human	Plasma		32069353	Plasma-glycated CD59 (pGCD59) is an emerging biomarker for diabetes and GDM.
glycated CD59	increased level	CD59		CD59 Antigens|CD59 protein, human				risk	Large for gestational age	Fetal Macrosomia		Human	Plasma		32069353	One-unit increase in maternal pGCD59 level was associated with 36% increased odds of delivering an LGA infant (odds ratio for LGA vs non-LGA infant: 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1-1.8; P = 0.016).
Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi)	increased level	Mac-2-binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic|risk	liver fibrosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		30671807	Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) is a novel serum diagnostic marker for liver fibrosis in various liver diseases.
Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi)	decreased level	Mac-2-binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				monitoring	fibrosis regression		use of potent antiviral therapy	Humans	serum		30671807	Significant fibrosis regression occurring in one-quarter patients was reflected by a reduction in M2BPGi levels at 10-year interval.
fucose	altered level	anti-CD20 mAb		Antibodies, Monoclonal				monitoring	degradative changes			human	anti-CD20 mAb samples	Antibodies, Monoclonal	22914441	The assay is able to detect degradative changes in anti-CD20 mAb samples subjected to light and acid exposure, suggesting that it is suitable for use as a stability-indicating method.
galactose-deficient IgA1	increased level	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A				risk	IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		African American	serum		20634323	Serum levels of galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) are elevated and heritable in Caucasian and Asian patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN), but have not been characterized in African Americans (AA).
O-glycosylation	increased level	MUC2		MUC2 protein, human|Mucin-2	N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-3		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases		colonic adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma|Colonic Neoplasms		human	colonic adenocarcinoma extracts	Intestinal Mucosa	11221889	It is notable that the adenocarcinoma extract was capable of glycosylating peptides to a much greater extent than was normal mucosa.
glycosylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor	unaltered level								actin polymerization in neutrophils		lenograstim	Humans	neutrophils	Neutrophils	16628714	Neutrophil morphology is modified by treatment with filgrastim (the nonglycosylated form of rhG-CSF), while it is not affected by lenograstim (the glycosylated type of rhG-CSF).
nonglycosylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor	increased level								actin polymerization in neutrophils		filgrastim	Humans	neutrophils	Neutrophils	16628714	We found that filgrastim induced an increased F-actin content in resting neutrophils, along with morphologic evidence for increased actin polymerization distributed principally at the cell membrane and frequently polarized in focal areas; in addition, fMLP was not able to induce further actin polymerization.
M1 mucin epitopes	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	colonic carcinogenesis	Colonic Neoplasms		Human	colonic mucosa	Intestinal Mucosa	1988372	The gastric mucin M1 antigens, markers associated with colonic carcinogenesis, have been characterized by new antimucin monoclonal antibodies (MAbs).
HIV-1 gp120	altered level	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1			Humans		Humans	23903848	We observed that while the overall subunit architecture was similar among isolates by SAXS, dramatic isolate-specific differences in the conformational stability of gp120 were evident by HDX-MS.
fucosylated neutral GSLs	increased level							diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms	improved immunotherapy	Humans	tumour tissues		23902602	A group of fucosylated neutral GSLs in HCC was found to be expressed higher in the tumour tissues, as their proportion in total cellular GSLs was 3.3-fold higher in the tumour tissues than in the peritumoural tissues (P < 0.01).
Glycosphingolipids	undetermined														14579576	Interaction of glycosphingolipids with signal transducers and membrane proteins in glycosphingolipid-enriched microdomains.
CD147	acquisition of structure	CD147		Antigens, CD|Antigens, Neoplasm|Antigens, Surface|BSG protein, human|Membrane Glycoproteins|Basigin				response	cancer metastasis		perturbation of CD147	human	tumor cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	11280798	Our results suggest that homophilic CD147 interactions may play a key role in MMP-2 production and tumor cell invasion, and that perturbation of this molecule may have potential therapeutic uses in the prevention of MMP-2 and MMP-1-dependent cancer metastasis.
CD147	loss of structure	CD147		Antigens, CD|Antigens, Neoplasm|Antigens, Surface|BSG protein, human|Membrane Glycoproteins|Basigin				response	cancer metastasis		perturbation of CD147	human	tumor cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	11280798	Purified deglycosylated CD147 failed to induce MMP-1 or MMP-2, but instead antagonized the MMP-1-inducing activity of purified native CD147.
N-glycolylneuraminic acid	increased level	CA125		CA-125 Antigen				diagnostic|monitoring	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	serum		30415777	We found that serum from patients with all stages of ovarian cancer had significantly elevated mean levels of Neu5Gc glycans compared to normal controls.
phosphatidylinositol-glycan-specific phospholipase D	decreased level							diagnostic	pancreatic carcinoma	Pancreatic Neoplasms		cats	plasma		35514180	Among these proteins, ETS variant transcription factor 4 (p < .05) was overexpressed, while gelsolin (p < .01), tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (p < .05), serpin family F member 1 (p < .01), apolipoprotein A-IV (p < .01) and phosphatidylinositol-glycan-specific phospholipase D (p < .05) were down-regulated in cats with FePAC.
azido sialic acids	acquisition of structure								prostate cancer				prostate tissue		20568764	An N-azidoacetylmannosamine derivative caged with a peptide substrate for the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) protease was converted to cell-surface azido sialic acids in a PSA-dependent manner.
α2,6-sialylated glycans	acquisition of structure	IgG1		Immunoglobulin G	α2,6-sialyltransferase 1|β1,4-galactosyltransferase 1	ST6|B4GALT1	Sialyltransferases|N-Acetyllactosamine Synthase					Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	25875452	This study presents a method for the efficient Fc glycan α2,6-sialylation of a wild-type and a F243A IgG1 mutant by transient co-expression with the human α2,6-sialyltransferase 1 (ST6) and β1,4-galactosyltransferase 1 (GT) in CHO cells.
Tn	decreased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				response	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms	anti-MUC1 and rosmarinic acid	human	AGS gastric cancer cells	Humans|Cell Line, Tumor	33930385	Such treatment markedly inhibited expression of cancer-related Tn, T, sialyl Tn, sialyl T, and fucosylated sugar antigens as well as mRNA expression of enzymes participating in their formation: ppGalNAcT2, C1GalT1, ST6GalNAcT2, ST3GalT1 and FUT4.
T	decreased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				response	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms	anti-MUC1 and rosmarinic acid	human	AGS gastric cancer cells	Humans|Cell Line, Tumor	33930385	Such treatment markedly inhibited expression of cancer-related Tn, T, sialyl Tn, sialyl T, and fucosylated sugar antigens as well as mRNA expression of enzymes participating in their formation: ppGalNAcT2, C1GalT1, ST6GalNAcT2, ST3GalT1 and FUT4.
sialyl Tn	decreased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				response	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms	anti-MUC1 and rosmarinic acid	human	AGS gastric cancer cells	Humans|Cell Line, Tumor	33930385	Such treatment markedly inhibited expression of cancer-related Tn, T, sialyl Tn, sialyl T, and fucosylated sugar antigens as well as mRNA expression of enzymes participating in their formation: ppGalNAcT2, C1GalT1, ST6GalNAcT2, ST3GalT1 and FUT4.
sialyl T	decreased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				response	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms	anti-MUC1 and rosmarinic acid	human	AGS gastric cancer cells	Humans|Cell Line, Tumor	33930385	Such treatment markedly inhibited expression of cancer-related Tn, T, sialyl Tn, sialyl T, and fucosylated sugar antigens as well as mRNA expression of enzymes participating in their formation: ppGalNAcT2, C1GalT1, ST6GalNAcT2, ST3GalT1 and FUT4.
fucosylated sugar antigens	decreased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				response	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms	anti-MUC1 and rosmarinic acid	human	AGS gastric cancer cells	Humans|Cell Line, Tumor	33930385	Such treatment markedly inhibited expression of cancer-related Tn, T, sialyl Tn, sialyl T, and fucosylated sugar antigens as well as mRNA expression of enzymes participating in their formation: ppGalNAcT2, C1GalT1, ST6GalNAcT2, ST3GalT1 and FUT4.
glycosaminoglycan	decreased level							response	diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental		Gryllus bimaculatus	db mice	Mice	32698784	Blood glucose level decreased after 1st week of treatment with GbG.
N-glycan	unaltered level								diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental		Gryllus bimaculatus	db mice	Mice	32698784	Its main N-glycan was identified as Hex9GlcNAc2 (m/z 1905.7) with neutral mono-sugar mainly comprising of hexose and L (+) rhamnose by mass spectroscopy.
phosphatidylinositol-glycan (PI-G)	acquisition of structure	Ly6 molecules		Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte|Antigens, Ly								Rat	Kidney	Kidney	2154400	Most of this is presumed to be cleaved off during post-translational addition of a phosphatidylinositol-glycan (PI-G) membrane anchor.
alpha1,2-fucosylation	increased level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen	fucosyltransferase I	FUT1		diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		20008118	The fraction of serum PSA from PC patients bound to both Fucalpha1-2Gal and betaGalNAc binding Trichosanthes japonica agglutinin-II (TJA-II) column, while that from BPH patients did not exhibit this binding ability, thereby implying that there is elevated expression of alpha1,2-fucosylation and beta-N-acetylgalactosaminylation of PSA during carcinogenesis.
beta-N-acetylgalactosaminylation	increased level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen	beta-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 4	B4GALNT4	N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases	diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		20008118	The fraction of serum PSA from PC patients bound to both Fucalpha1-2Gal and betaGalNAc binding Trichosanthes japonica agglutinin-II (TJA-II) column, while that from BPH patients did not exhibit this binding ability, thereby implying that there is elevated expression of alpha1,2-fucosylation and beta-N-acetylgalactosaminylation of PSA during carcinogenesis.
Sd(a)/Cad-antigen-like structures	acquisition of structure	Mucins		Mucins					normal human descending colon			Humans	descending colon		11577689	Among the terminal saccharide determinants Sd(a)/Cad-antigen-like structures were prominent, and Lewis x, sialyl Lewis x and sulphated Lewis x were found as minor components, whereas blood group H and A antigenic determinants were absent.
cores 1 and 2	acquisition of structure	Mucins		Mucins					colon cancers			Humans	colon	Colon	11577689	The saccharides were markedly different from those of mucins from colon cancers or colon cancer cell lines analysed so far, in which cores 1 and 2 are prominent features, and in which various other terminal determinants have been found, but not Sd(a)/Cad.
bifucosylated tetra-anntenary glycan	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		26448449	The MS data confirmed that the bifucosylated tetra-anntenary glycan was upregulated in HCC samples of all etiologies.
bifucosylated tetra-anntenary glycan	unaltered level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	liver cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		26448449	Our previous mass spectrometric study revealed that the bifucosylation level of serum haptoglobin was distinctly increased in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients versus liver cirrhosis of all three major etiologies.
N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc)	acquisition of structure	MUC-1		mammary serum antigen, human				diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	MCF-7 breast cancer cells	Cell Line	1718585	The breast cancer-associated epitope (mammary serum antigen or MSA) defined by monoclonal antibody (Mab) 3E1.2 is a neuraminidase-sensitive carbohydrate expressed on MUC-1-encoded molecules.
bisecting N-Glycans	altered level								cancer	Neoplasms		Humans		Humans	27060175	Reciprocal Modulation of Terminal Sialylation and Bisecting N-Glycans: A New Axis of Cancer-Cell Glycome Regulation?
core-fucose	loss of structure	anti-CD20 mAb		Antibodies, Monoclonal				response	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor		Bombyx mori	transgenic silkworm	Bombyx|Animals, Genetically Modified	26261057	The mass spectra of the N-glycosylated peptide revealed that the observed biological properties were attributable to the characteristic N-glycan structures of the anti-CD20 mAbs produced in the transgenic silkworms, i.e., the lack of the core-fucose and galactose at the non-reducing terminal.
galactose at the non-reducing terminal	loss of structure	anti-CD20 mAb		Antibodies, Monoclonal				response	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor		Bombyx mori	transgenic silkworm	Bombyx|Animals, Genetically Modified	26261057	The mass spectra of the N-glycosylated peptide revealed that the observed biological properties were attributable to the characteristic N-glycan structures of the anti-CD20 mAbs produced in the transgenic silkworms, i.e., the lack of the core-fucose and galactose at the non-reducing terminal.
alpha(2,8)-disialylganglioside GT1b	undetermined	Siglec-7		Sialic Acid Binding Immunoglobulin-like Lectins											16895906	We have co-crystallized Siglec-7 with a synthetic oligosaccharide corresponding to the alpha(2,8)-disialylated ganglioside GT1b.
Neu5Ac-α2,6-Gal-β1,4-GlcNAc-β1,4-GlcNAc	unaltered level							diagnostic	ALG1-CDG	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		Humans			37264420	Recently, we have shown that liposome nanoparticles bearing the ALG1-CDG and PMM2-CDG biomarkers (a tetrasaccharide: Neu5Ac-α2,6-Gal-β1,4-GlcNAc-β1,4-GlcNAc) stimulate a moderate immune response, while the generated antibodies show relatively weak affinity maturation.
Neu5Ac-α2,6-Gal-β1,4-GlcNAc-β1,4-GlcNAc	unaltered level							diagnostic	PMM2-CDG	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		Humans			37264420	Recently, we have shown that liposome nanoparticles bearing the ALG1-CDG and PMM2-CDG biomarkers (a tetrasaccharide: Neu5Ac-α2,6-Gal-β1,4-GlcNAc-β1,4-GlcNAc) stimulate a moderate immune response, while the generated antibodies show relatively weak affinity maturation.
Fc glycans	increased level	immunoglobulin G antibody		Immunoglobulin G				response	T cell activation	T-Lymphocytes		mouse			17466910	Dose-response analyses in mice then showed that a sample of the human IgG1 version of 2C11 Ab in which 40% of the Fc glycans in the population of Ab molecules were fucosylated was 3-5 times more potent than a sample with 90% of its Fc glycans fucosylated.
Fc glycans	decreased level	immunoglobulin G antibody		Immunoglobulin G				response	T cell activation	T-Lymphocytes		mouse			17466910	Dose-response analyses in mice then showed that a sample of the human IgG1 version of 2C11 Ab in which 40% of the Fc glycans in the population of Ab molecules were fucosylated was 3-5 times more potent than a sample with 90% of its Fc glycans fucosylated.
GlcNAc-bearing neoglycoproteins	altered level							diagnostic	Sjögren's syndrome	Sjogren's Syndrome		Humans	Salivary Glands, Minor	Salivary Glands, Minor	10955332	The percentage of stained tissue area was significantly different between SS and control specimens after processing with GlcNAc and Man-bearing neoglycoproteins and the 2 tested serum lectins.
Man-bearing neoglycoproteins	altered level							diagnostic	Sjögren's syndrome	Sjogren's Syndrome		Humans	Salivary Glands, Minor	Salivary Glands, Minor	10955332	The percentage of stained tissue area was significantly different between SS and control specimens after processing with GlcNAc and Man-bearing neoglycoproteins and the 2 tested serum lectins.
O-glycans	altered level	bovine caseino glycomacropeptide		caseinomacropeptide								bovine	caseino glycomacropeptide		17632070	We could detect O-glycans from as low as 5 pmol of bovine caseino glycomacropeptide (CGMP) by the proposed procedures.
O-glycans	altered level	bovine submaxillary mucin		Mucins								bovine	submaxillary mucin	Submandibular Gland	17632070	The validity of the current method was shown by the analyses of the released O-glycans from some standard glycoproteins: bovine submaxillary mucin, bovine fetuin, porcine stomach mucin, and human colostrum immunoglobulin A.
O-glycans	altered level	bovine fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins								bovine	fetuin		17632070	The validity of the current method was shown by the analyses of the released O-glycans from some standard glycoproteins: bovine submaxillary mucin, bovine fetuin, porcine stomach mucin, and human colostrum immunoglobulin A.
O-glycans	altered level	porcine stomach mucin		Mucins								porcine	stomach mucin	Gastric Mucosa	17632070	The validity of the current method was shown by the analyses of the released O-glycans from some standard glycoproteins: bovine submaxillary mucin, bovine fetuin, porcine stomach mucin, and human colostrum immunoglobulin A.
O-glycans	altered level	human colostrum immunoglobulin A		Immunoglobulin A								human	colostrum	Colostrum	17632070	The validity of the current method was shown by the analyses of the released O-glycans from some standard glycoproteins: bovine submaxillary mucin, bovine fetuin, porcine stomach mucin, and human colostrum immunoglobulin A.
NeuAcα(2-3)Galβ(1-3)GalNAc	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic|response	breast cancer		anti-MUC1 antibodies				35887202	This is based on the fact that MUC1 undergoes aberrant glycosylation upon cancer progression, and anti-MUC1 antibodies differentiate changes in glycan structure.
O-linked glycans	unaltered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					breast cancer			human|mouse	dendritic cells	Dendritic Cells	14635032	Based on immunological evidence that O-linked glycans on repeat peptides remain intact during processing by dendritic cells (DC), we used MUC1 as a model to address the question which role O-linked glycans play in this process.
O-linked glycans	unaltered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					adenocarcinomas			human|mouse	dendritic cells	Dendritic Cells	14635032	Based on immunological evidence that O-linked glycans on repeat peptides remain intact during processing by dendritic cells (DC), we used MUC1 as a model to address the question which role O-linked glycans play in this process.
glycoproteins and carbohydrates	altered level							diagnostic	pluripotent state			Humans	human embryonic stem cells	Embryonic Stem Cells	18453248	The large number of glycoproteins and carbohydrates that exist on the cell surface provide an excellent opportunity for characterizing hESCs and a means to delineate pluripotent and differentiated cell types.
Lewis X	increased level			Lewis X Antigen					inflammatory bowel disease	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases		Humans	Polymorphonuclear leukocytes	Neutrophils	26687991	There was increased surface expression of Le(x) on PMN after TEM, and blockade of terminal Le(x) regulated post-migratory PMN functions, increasing PMN phagocytosis and the surface mobilization of azurophilic (CD63, myeloperoxidase, and neutrophil elastase) and specific (CD66b and lactoferrin) granule markers.
glycans	undetermined								HIV				blood samples		28808731	Furthermore, it is explored how established ID-MS protocols are being modified to make them applicable for quantifying virus proteins to measure the HIV viral load in blood samples.
core-fucosylated N-glycans	increased level				FUT8		Fucosyltransferases		Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute	Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute		Humans	KG1a cells	Cells, Cultured	30015888	We observed enhanced levels of core-fucosylated N-glycans (catalyzed by FUT8), bisecting GlcNAc (catalyzed by MGAT3), and their corresponding genes in co-cultured cells.
bisecting GlcNAc	increased level				MGAT3		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute	Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute		Humans	KG1a cells	Cells, Cultured	30015888	We observed enhanced levels of core-fucosylated N-glycans (catalyzed by FUT8), bisecting GlcNAc (catalyzed by MGAT3), and their corresponding genes in co-cultured cells.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	porcine submaxillary mucin		Mucins					cancer			Swine		Animals	25527429	Cancer-associated mucins often differ from normal mucins by presenting truncated carbohydrate chains.
T antigen	acquisition of structure	porcine submaxillary mucin		Mucins					cancer			Swine		Animals	25527429	Cancer-associated mucins often differ from normal mucins by presenting truncated carbohydrate chains.
polylactosamine glycans	unaltered level	Galectin-3		Galectin 3					differentiating human myeloid cells			Humans	myeloid cells		10816326	Galectin-3 is an endogenous mammalian carbohydrate-binding protein with affinity for ABH group carbohydrate epitopes and polylactosamine glycans present on cell surface and extracellular matrix glycoproteins.
alpha2,6-linked sialic acids	undetermined	CD22		Antigens, CD|Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte|Cd22 protein, mouse|Cell Adhesion Molecules|Lectins|Ligands|Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2					reduced population of mature recirculating B cells		CD22-Fc or affinity-purified anti-CD22 antibody	mouse	bone marrow	Bone Marrow	10224292	It has also been implicated in cell adhesion through recognition of alpha2,6-linked sialic acids on glycans of target cells.
Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen	increased level							response	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms	intratumor injection of SRL	human	colon cancer HT29 and DLD-1 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	22653662	This study shows that SRL strongly inhibits the growth of human colon cancer HT29 and DLD-1 cells by binding to cell surface glycans and induction of apoptosis through both the caspase-8 and -9 mediated signaling.
P5(NA2)	decreased level							diagnostic|risk	liver fibrosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		39017915	P5(NA2), P8(NA3), and P10(NA4) were opposite to the degree of fibrosis, while other profiles (except for P0[NGA2]) increased with the degree of fibrosis.
P8(NA3)	decreased level							diagnostic|risk	liver fibrosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		39017915	P5(NA2), P8(NA3), and P10(NA4) were opposite to the degree of fibrosis, while other profiles (except for P0[NGA2]) increased with the degree of fibrosis.
P10(NA4)	decreased level							diagnostic|risk	liver fibrosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		39017915	P5(NA2), P8(NA3), and P10(NA4) were opposite to the degree of fibrosis, while other profiles (except for P0[NGA2]) increased with the degree of fibrosis.
P0(NGA2)	increased level							diagnostic|risk	liver fibrosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		39017915	P5(NA2), P8(NA3), and P10(NA4) were opposite to the degree of fibrosis, while other profiles (except for P0[NGA2]) increased with the degree of fibrosis.
Px score	increased level							diagnostic|risk	liver fibrosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		39017915	Px score was associated with an increased risk of significant fibrosis (for per Px score increase, the risk of significant fibrosis was increased by 3.54 times (OR = 4.54 [2.63-7.82]) in the fully-adjusted generalized linear model.
N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc)	loss of structure				CMAH				xeno-auto-antigen situation			Humans			20445087	Specific events include Alu-mediated inactivation of the CMAH gene, resulting in loss of synthesis of the Sia N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) and increase in expression of the precursor N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac); increased expression of alpha2-6-linked Sias (likely because of changed expression of ST6GALI); and multiple changes in SIGLEC genes encoding Sia-recognizing Ig-like lectins (Siglecs).
N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac)	increased level				CMAH				xeno-auto-antigen situation			Humans			20445087	Specific events include Alu-mediated inactivation of the CMAH gene, resulting in loss of synthesis of the Sia N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) and increase in expression of the precursor N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac); increased expression of alpha2-6-linked Sias (likely because of changed expression of ST6GALI); and multiple changes in SIGLEC genes encoding Sia-recognizing Ig-like lectins (Siglecs).
high-mannose-type glycans	unaltered level	HIV envelope glycoprotein (Env)		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|gp120 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1					HIV Infections	HIV Infections		Humans			27438765	The dense patch of high-mannose-type glycans surrounding the N332 glycan on the HIV envelope glycoprotein (Env) is targeted by multiple broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs).
HER2 N-glycans	unaltered level	HER2		ERBB2 protein, human|Receptor, ErbB-2				response	HER2-positive breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms|Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental	nano molecularly imprinted polymer (nanoMIP)	Human	HER2+ cells	MCF-7 Cells	31166063	The nanoMIPs, imprinted using HER2 N-glycans, could bind almost all HER2 glycans and suppress the dimerization of HER2 with other HER family members, blocking the downstream signaling pathways, thereby inhibiting HER2+ breast cancer growth.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	Immunoglobulin A		Immunoglobulin A				diagnostic	idiopathic IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans		Humans	20719305	Incomplete or aberrant glycosylation leading to Tn antigen (GalNAcalpha1-Ser/Thr) expression on human glycoproteins is strongly associated with human pathological conditions, including tumors, certain autoimmune diseases, such as the idiopathic IgA nephropathy, and may modulate immune homeostasis.
gonadotropin glycoforms	altered level	human chorionic gonadotropin		Chorionic Gonadotropin					choriocarcinoma	Choriocarcinoma		Humans	choriocarcinoma cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	15745745	Lectins bound to the unpurified gonadotropin glycoforms in distinct patterns consistent with glycan structures previously elucidated by others on hormone samples purified from the urine of pregnant women and of patients with choriocarcinoma.
sialylated sulfated glycans	unaltered level	Muc5b|Muc4		Mucin-5B|Mucin-4				response	eosinophilia			mouse	lung	Lung	25497369	We detected mouse lung glycoproteins that bound to Siglec-F; binding was sialic acid dependent.
sialylated sulfated glycans	unaltered level	Muc5b|Muc4		Mucin-5B|Mucin-4				response	asthma			mouse	lung	Lung	25497369	Its engagement induces apoptosis, suggesting a pathway for ameliorating eosinophilia in the setting of asthma and other eosinophil-associated diseases.
core 3-derived O-glycans	loss of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1	core 3 synthase		UDP-GlcNAc GalNAc-peptide beta1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase	prognostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	pancreatic cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	23754791	Core 3-derived glycans, a major type of O-glycan expressed by normal epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract, are downregulated during malignancy because of loss of expression of functional β3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-6 (core 3 synthase).
core 3-derived O-glycans	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1	core 3 synthase		UDP-GlcNAc GalNAc-peptide beta1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase	prognostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	pancreatic cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	23754791	Expression of core 3 O-glycans induced altered expression of β1 integrin, decreased activation of focal adhesion kinase, led to the downregulation of expression of several genes including REG1α and FGFR3 and altered lamellipodia formation.
sialyl Lewis x	decreased level				alpha(1,3)fucosyltransferase	FUT3	Fucosyltransferases|3-galactosyl-N-acetylglucosaminide 4-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase		adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma		Mice	HT-29LMM cell line		10232599	The metastatic parental cell line, HT-29LMM, expressed high levels of sialyl Lewis x, sialyl Lewis a, alpha(1,3/1,4)fucosyltransferase activity, and FUT3 transcript, but antisense transfectant cell lines did not.
sialyl Lewis a	decreased level				alpha(1,3)fucosyltransferase	FUT3	Fucosyltransferases|3-galactosyl-N-acetylglucosaminide 4-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase		adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma		Mice	HT-29LMM cell line		10232599	The metastatic parental cell line, HT-29LMM, expressed high levels of sialyl Lewis x, sialyl Lewis a, alpha(1,3/1,4)fucosyltransferase activity, and FUT3 transcript, but antisense transfectant cell lines did not.
N-acetyl-D-hexosamines	unaltered level	CD69		Antigens, CD|CD69 antigen					tumor		antitumor therapy	Human	lymphocyte		24445261	Using NMR titration and isothermal titration calorimetry we were unable to detect the binding of the tested ligands such as N-acetyl-D-hexosamines and oligopeptides to both receptors, which contradicts the previous observations published in more than twenty papers over the last fifteen years.
N-acetyl-D-hexosamines	unaltered level	NKR-P1A		Klrb1a protein, rat					tumor		antitumor therapy	Rat	lymphocyte		24445261	Using NMR titration and isothermal titration calorimetry we were unable to detect the binding of the tested ligands such as N-acetyl-D-hexosamines and oligopeptides to both receptors, which contradicts the previous observations published in more than twenty papers over the last fifteen years.
NeuAc alpha 2-->3Gal beta 1-->3(4)GlcNAc	undetermined	sialoadhesin		SIGLEC1 protein, human|Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 1									neutrophils	Erythrocytes	7533044	whereas sialoadhesin binds equally to the sugar moieties NeuAc alpha 2-->3Gal beta 1-->3(4)GlcNAc or NeuAc alpha 2-->3Gal beta 1-->3GalNAc, myelin-associated glycoprotein recognizes only NeuAc alpha 2-->3Gal beta 1-->3GalNAc and CD22 binds specifically to NeuAc alpha 2-->6Gal beta 1-->4GlcNAc.
NeuAc alpha 2-->3Gal beta 1-->3GalNAc	undetermined	myelin-associated glycoprotein		Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein									neurons	Neurons	7533044	whereas sialoadhesin binds equally to the sugar moieties NeuAc alpha 2-->3Gal beta 1-->3(4)GlcNAc or NeuAc alpha 2-->3Gal beta 1-->3GalNAc, myelin-associated glycoprotein recognizes only NeuAc alpha 2-->3Gal beta 1-->3GalNAc and CD22 binds specifically to NeuAc alpha 2-->6Gal beta 1-->4GlcNAc.
NeuAc alpha 2-->6Gal beta 1-->4GlcNAc	undetermined	CD22		CD22 protein, human									lymphocytes		7533044	whereas sialoadhesin binds equally to the sugar moieties NeuAc alpha 2-->3Gal beta 1-->3(4)GlcNAc or NeuAc alpha 2-->3Gal beta 1-->3GalNAc, myelin-associated glycoprotein recognizes only NeuAc alpha 2-->3Gal beta 1-->3GalNAc and CD22 binds specifically to NeuAc alpha 2-->6Gal beta 1-->4GlcNAc.
Lewis x	acquisition of structure	ICAM-3		ICAM3 protein, human	fucosyltransferase IX		FUT9 protein, human					human	granulocytes	Granulocytes	17145745	Cotransfection studies demonstrated that fucosyltransferase (FUT) IX and, to a significantly lesser extent, FUT IV, but not FUTs III and VII, mediate the synthesis of Lewis x residues on ICAM-3.
NeuAc alpha 2,3Gal in N- and O-glycans	unaltered level	CD33		CD33 protein, human					myelomonocytic lineage	Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic		Humans	myeloid cell lines HL-60 and U937	Tumor Cells, Cultured	7718872	Fc-CD33 also bound selectively to the myeloid cell lines HL-60 and U937.
NeuAc alpha 2,6Gal in N-glycans	unaltered level	CD33		CD33 protein, human					myelomonocytic lineage	Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic		Humans	myeloid cell lines HL-60 and U937	Tumor Cells, Cultured	7718872	Fc-CD33 also bound selectively to the myeloid cell lines HL-60 and U937.
sialyl Le(x)	increased level	lamp-1		Lysosomal Membrane Proteins	fucosyltransferase-III				E-selectin-mediated adhesion of human colonic tumor cells			CHO cells	CHO cells	CHO Cells	7757427	Recombinant soluble lamp-1 and soluble leukosialin can be produced from CHO cells which express sialyl Le(x) structures after stable transfection of fucosyltransferase-III.
sialyl Le(x)	increased level	leukosialin		Leukosialin	fucosyltransferase-III				E-selectin-mediated adhesion of human colonic tumor cells			CHO cells	CHO cells	CHO Cells	7757427	Recombinant soluble lamp-1 and soluble leukosialin can be produced from CHO cells which express sialyl Le(x) structures after stable transfection of fucosyltransferase-III.
Lewis(x)	unaltered level	CD24		CD24 Antigen				response	nerve injury	Spinal Cord Injuries		mice	nervous system		19962782	In vitro, neurite outgrowth triggered by the Lewis(x-)carrying adhesion molecule CD24 was abolished alike by the Lewis(x) glycan and the glycomimetic peptide, while no influence of the glycomimetic peptide was seen in regeneration.
Siglec-F ligands	increased level	MUC5B		Mucins	keratan sulfate galactose 6-O-sulfotransferase|chondroitin 6-O-sulfotransferase 1		Sulfotransferases|Sulfotransferases		infection with the parasitic nematode, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis	Nippostrongylus		mouse	eosinophils|bronchoalveolar lavage fluid	Eosinophils|Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid	23880769	Consistent with these observations, ligands in the lung increase dramatically during infection with the parasitic nematode, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, which is known to induce eosinophil accumulation and mucus production.
Globo H	altered level			Globo-H				response	breast cancer		therapeutic cancer vaccines	Mice	MCF-7 Cells	MCF-7 Cells	25371992	Globo H-based therapeutic cancer vaccines have been tested in clinical trials for the treatment of late stage breast, ovarian, and prostate cancers.
Globo H	altered level			Globo-H				response	ovarian cancer		therapeutic cancer vaccines	Mice	MCF-7 Cells	MCF-7 Cells	25371992	Globo H-based therapeutic cancer vaccines have been tested in clinical trials for the treatment of late stage breast, ovarian, and prostate cancers.
Globo H	altered level			Globo-H				response	prostate cancer		therapeutic cancer vaccines	Mice	MCF-7 Cells	MCF-7 Cells	25371992	Globo H-based therapeutic cancer vaccines have been tested in clinical trials for the treatment of late stage breast, ovarian, and prostate cancers.
glycan levels detected by wheat germ agglutinin on MUC5AC	altered level	MUC5AC		MUC5AC protein, human|Mucin 5AC				diagnostic	Pancreatic Cyst	Pancreatic Cyst	surgical and endoscopic sample collection	Humans	Cyst Fluid	Cyst Fluid	22439797	Matched pairs of operating-room collected (OR) and EUS-FNA samples from 12 patients were evaluated for the levels of three previously described biomarkers, CA 19-9, CEA, and glycan levels detected by wheat germ agglutinin on MUC5AC (MUC5AC-WGA).
sialoglycans	unaltered level				beta-galactoside alpha2,6 sialyltransferase	ST6Gal I	beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase		normal liver	Liver		Humans	hepatocytes	Hepatocytes	12429811	In normal and cirrhotic liver, ST6Gal I and sialoglycans were localized in the Golgi region of hepatocytes surrounding the bile canaliculi and along the bile canaliculi, respectively.
sialoglycans	unaltered level				beta-galactoside alpha2,6 sialyltransferase	ST6Gal I	beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase		cirrhotic liver	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	hepatocytes	Hepatocytes	12429811	In normal and cirrhotic liver, ST6Gal I and sialoglycans were localized in the Golgi region of hepatocytes surrounding the bile canaliculi and along the bile canaliculi, respectively.
sialoglycans	decreased level				beta-galactoside alpha2,6 sialyltransferase	ST6Gal I	beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase		hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	hepatocytes	Hepatocytes	12429811	Well-differentiated and moderately differentiated HCC showed Golgi and diffuse cytoplasmic staining of ST6Gal I and sialoglycans, whereas the cytoplasmic staining for ST6Gal I and sialoglycans was decreased or even absent in poorly differentiated HCC.
N-linked glycans	altered level	scrapie-associated prion protein		Prions					scrapie						12322954	These methods have been developed using the standard glycoprotein, fetuin, and subsequently applied to the analysis of the N-linked glycans attached to the scrapie-associated prion protein, PrP(Sc).
R5a	increased level							monitoring	hepatocellular carcinoma	Liver Neoplasms, Experimental	farnesylthiosalicyclic acid	rat	serum		20704698	In comparison with control rats, DENA rats showed a gradual but significant increase in two glycans (R5a and R5b) in serum total N-glycans during progression of liver cirrhosis and cancer, and a decrease in a biantennary glycan (P5).
R5b	increased level							monitoring	hepatocellular carcinoma	Liver Neoplasms, Experimental	farnesylthiosalicyclic acid	rat	serum		20704698	In comparison with control rats, DENA rats showed a gradual but significant increase in two glycans (R5a and R5b) in serum total N-glycans during progression of liver cirrhosis and cancer, and a decrease in a biantennary glycan (P5).
P5	decreased level							monitoring	hepatocellular carcinoma	Liver Neoplasms, Experimental	farnesylthiosalicyclic acid	rat	serum		20704698	In comparison with control rats, DENA rats showed a gradual but significant increase in two glycans (R5a and R5b) in serum total N-glycans during progression of liver cirrhosis and cancer, and a decrease in a biantennary glycan (P5).
core-alpha-1,6-fucosylated glycoproteins	increased level							monitoring	hepatocellular carcinoma	Liver Neoplasms, Experimental	farnesylthiosalicyclic acid	rat	serum|liver	Liver	20704698	We found an increase in core-alpha-1,6-fucosylated glycoproteins in serum and liver of rats with HCC, which demonstrates that fucosylation is altered during progression of HCC.
monosialylated Core 1 O-glycans	increased level	lubricin		lubricin					osteoarthritis	Osteoarthritis		horse	synovial fluid	Synovial Fluid	26507102	Synovial fluid from normal joints (49.5 ± 1.9%) contained significantly lower amounts of monosialylated Core 1 O-glycans compared with joints with osteoarthritis (53.8 ± 7.8%, P = 0.03) or joints with osteochondral fragments (57.3 ± 8.8%, P = 0.001).
disialylated Core 1 O-glycan	decreased level	lubricin		lubricin					osteochondral fragments			horse	synovial fluid	Synovial Fluid	26507102	Additionally, synovial fluid from normal joints (26.7 ± 6.7%) showed higher amounts of disialylated Core 1 O-glycan than from joints with osteochondral fragments (21.2 ± 4.9%, P = 0.03).
polylactosamine-type N-glycans	acquisition of structure	CD107a|CD107b						diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms		human	cancer cells	U937 Cells	22795310	We found that some glycoproteins such as CD107a and CD107b commonly contained polylactosamine-type glycans in all the examined cancer cells.
polylactosamine-type N-glycans	acquisition of structure	integrin-α5 (CD49e)						diagnostic	T-lymphoma			human	U937 cells	U937 Cells	22795310	But integrin-α5 (CD49e) and carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CD66e) having these glycans were specifically found in U937 (human T-lymphoma) and MKN45 (human gastric cancer) cells, respectively.
polylactosamine-type N-glycans	acquisition of structure	carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CD66e)						diagnostic	gastric cancer			human	MKN45 cells		22795310	But integrin-α5 (CD49e) and carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CD66e) having these glycans were specifically found in U937 (human T-lymphoma) and MKN45 (human gastric cancer) cells, respectively.
CD175	altered level	CD34		Antigens, CD	alpha2,6-sialyltransferase	hST6GalNAc1	Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human		erythroblastic leukemia	Hematologic Neoplasms		human	leukemia cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	18398838	CD175 and CD175s are preferentially expressed on erythroblastic leukemia cell lines.
CD175s	altered level	CD34		Antigens, CD	alpha2,6-sialyltransferase	hST6GalNAc1	Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human		erythroblastic leukemia	Hematologic Neoplasms		human	leukemia cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	18398838	CD175 and CD175s are preferentially expressed on erythroblastic leukemia cell lines.
CD176	altered level	CD34		Antigens, CD					hematopoietic malignancies	Hematologic Neoplasms		human	hematopoietic cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	18398838	While only few cell lines expressed unmasked CD176, sialylated CD176 was present on all hematopoietic cell lines and native lymphocytes examined.
galactosylation	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		27302279	Decreased galactosylation, decreased sialylation (of fucosylated IgG glycan structures) and increased bisecting GlcNAc in IgG glycan structures were strongly associated with all-cause (q < 0.01) and CRC mortality (q = 0.04 for galactosylation and sialylation).
sialylation	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		27302279	Decreased galactosylation, decreased sialylation (of fucosylated IgG glycan structures) and increased bisecting GlcNAc in IgG glycan structures were strongly associated with all-cause (q < 0.01) and CRC mortality (q = 0.04 for galactosylation and sialylation).
bisecting GlcNAc	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		27302279	Decreased galactosylation, decreased sialylation (of fucosylated IgG glycan structures) and increased bisecting GlcNAc in IgG glycan structures were strongly associated with all-cause (q < 0.01) and CRC mortality (q = 0.04 for galactosylation and sialylation).
fucose- and sialic acid-containing N-glycans	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic|monitoring	periodontitis	Periodontitis		Humans	saliva	Saliva	38088868	Our results revealed that salivary proteins and glycoproteins were altered in all periodontitis groups (PRIDE ID: 1-20230612-72345), with fucose- and sialic acid-containing N-glycans showing the greatest increase.
Fucα1-3/6GlcNAc (AAL)	increased level	IGHA2						diagnostic|prognostic|monitoring	mild-moderate periodontitis	Periodontitis		Humans	saliva	Saliva	38088868	Consistent with MS/MS results, the expression of salivary IGHA2 and Fucα1-3/6GlcNAc (AAL) was significantly increased in MP.
CCP1	acquisition of structure	Membrane cofactor protein (MCP; CD46)		CD46 protein, human|Membrane Cofactor Protein					Measles	Measles		New World monkeys	sperm	Spermatozoa	12421914	Although retaining complement-regulatory activity, this form is postulated to render these species less susceptible to strains of the measles virus whose hemagglutinin requires CCP1 and CCP2 for attachment.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	podocalyxin		Tn antigen|podocalyxin	Cosmc		Cosmc protein, mouse		renal failure	Renal Insufficiency		mouse	podocytes	Podocytes	31904283	Expression of the O-glycoprotein podoplanin was lost, while Tn antigen, representing immature O-glycans, was most abundantly found on podocalyxin.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	podocalyxin		Tn antigen|podocalyxin	Cosmc		Cosmc protein, mouse		albuminuria	Albuminuria		mouse	podocytes	Podocytes	31904283	Mice with podocyte-specific Cosmc deletion develop profound albuminuria, foot process effacement, glomerular sclerosis, progressive renal failure, and impaired survival.
biantennary N-glycans	loss of structure	alpha-1-antitrypsin		alpha 1-Antitrypsin				diagnostic	Carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome			Humans	serum		1470190	This new marker-glycoprotein suggests a defect of the production of biantennary and of triantennary N-glycans during an early step of their synthesis, resulting in monoantennary N-glycans.
triantennary N-glycans	loss of structure	alpha-1-antitrypsin		alpha 1-Antitrypsin				diagnostic	Carbohydrate-deficient glycoprotein syndrome			Humans	serum		1470190	This new marker-glycoprotein suggests a defect of the production of biantennary and of triantennary N-glycans during an early step of their synthesis, resulting in monoantennary N-glycans.
SSEA-4	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	pluripotency in spermatogonia			Callithrix jacchus	testis	Spermatogonia|Testis	18621756	Spermatogonia in the testes of C. jacchus were labeled by SSEA-4, TRA-1-60 and -1-81-antibodies.
TRA-1-60	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	pluripotency in spermatogonia			Callithrix jacchus	testis	Spermatogonia|Testis	18621756	Spermatogonia in the testes of C. jacchus were labeled by SSEA-4, TRA-1-60 and -1-81-antibodies.
TRA-1-81	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	pluripotency in spermatogonia			Callithrix jacchus	testis	Spermatogonia|Testis	18621756	Spermatogonia in the testes of C. jacchus were labeled by SSEA-4, TRA-1-60 and -1-81-antibodies.
SSEA-4	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	pluripotency in spermatogonia			Macaca mulatta|Macaca silenus	testis	Spermatogonia|Testis	18621756	In the macaques, spermatogonia were detected by SSEA-4 and TRA-1-81-antibodies.
TRA-1-81	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	pluripotency in spermatogonia			Macaca mulatta|Macaca silenus	testis	Spermatogonia|Testis	18621756	In the macaques, spermatogonia were detected by SSEA-4 and TRA-1-81-antibodies.
anti-laminarin IgA	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease		Humans	serum		19653286	We tested a panel of novel serological anti-glycan antibodies including the previously unpublished anti-laminarin IgA (Anti-L) and anti-chitin IgA (Anti-C) carbohydrate antibodies for the presence in Crohn's disease (CD) patients, diagnosis and differentiation of CD, association with complicated disease behavior, and marker stability over time.
anti-chitin IgA	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease		Humans	serum		19653286	We tested a panel of novel serological anti-glycan antibodies including the previously unpublished anti-laminarin IgA (Anti-L) and anti-chitin IgA (Anti-C) carbohydrate antibodies for the presence in Crohn's disease (CD) patients, diagnosis and differentiation of CD, association with complicated disease behavior, and marker stability over time.
anti-chitobioside IgA	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease		Humans	serum		19653286	The presence of Anti-L, Anti-C, anti-chitobioside IgA (ACCA), anti-laminaribioside IgG (ALCA), anti-mannobioside IgG (AMCA), and anti-Saccaromyces cervisiae IgG (gASCA) carbohydrate antibodies were tested in serum samples from 824 participants (363 CD, 130 ulcerative colitis [UC], 74 other gastrointestinal diseases, and 257 noninflammatory bowel/gastrointestinal disease controls) of the German IBD-network by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; Glycominds, Lod, Israel) and for perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (pANCA) by immunofluorescence.
anti-laminaribioside IgG	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease		Humans	serum		19653286	The presence of Anti-L, Anti-C, anti-chitobioside IgA (ACCA), anti-laminaribioside IgG (ALCA), anti-mannobioside IgG (AMCA), and anti-Saccaromyces cervisiae IgG (gASCA) carbohydrate antibodies were tested in serum samples from 824 participants (363 CD, 130 ulcerative colitis [UC], 74 other gastrointestinal diseases, and 257 noninflammatory bowel/gastrointestinal disease controls) of the German IBD-network by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; Glycominds, Lod, Israel) and for perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (pANCA) by immunofluorescence.
anti-mannobioside IgG	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease		Humans	serum		19653286	The presence of Anti-L, Anti-C, anti-chitobioside IgA (ACCA), anti-laminaribioside IgG (ALCA), anti-mannobioside IgG (AMCA), and anti-Saccaromyces cervisiae IgG (gASCA) carbohydrate antibodies were tested in serum samples from 824 participants (363 CD, 130 ulcerative colitis [UC], 74 other gastrointestinal diseases, and 257 noninflammatory bowel/gastrointestinal disease controls) of the German IBD-network by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; Glycominds, Lod, Israel) and for perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (pANCA) by immunofluorescence.
anti-Saccaromyces cervisiae IgG	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease		Humans	serum		19653286	The presence of Anti-L, Anti-C, anti-chitobioside IgA (ACCA), anti-laminaribioside IgG (ALCA), anti-mannobioside IgG (AMCA), and anti-Saccaromyces cervisiae IgG (gASCA) carbohydrate antibodies were tested in serum samples from 824 participants (363 CD, 130 ulcerative colitis [UC], 74 other gastrointestinal diseases, and 257 noninflammatory bowel/gastrointestinal disease controls) of the German IBD-network by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; Glycominds, Lod, Israel) and for perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (pANCA) by immunofluorescence.
alpha2,8-disialic acids	acquisition of structure	Siglec-7		SIGLEC7 protein, human	ST8Sia VI		alpha2,8-sialyltransferase VI		regulation of cellular activation			Human	NK cells	Killer Cells, Natural	16857734	Finally, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometric analysis of isolated NK cell O-glycans revealed the presence of a peak at mass-to-charge ratio of 1619.4 mass units, corresponding to a putative alpha2,8-disialylated glycan.
α2-6 sialylation	increased level	Integrinα5						diagnostic	differentiation potential			Humans	adipose-derived hMSCs|bone marrow-derived hMSCs|cartilage tissue-derived chondrocytes	Mesenchymal Stem Cells|Mesenchymal Stem Cells|Cells, Cultured	27038486	We found that α2-6Sia-specific lectins show stronger binding to early passage adipose-derived hMSCs (with differentiation ability) than late passage cells (without the ability to differentiate).
N276 glycan	undetermined	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1	HIV-1	AIDS Vaccines	Humans	B lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes	30552024	Despite extensive investigations, strategies to induce VRC01-class bnAbs and overcome the barrier posed by the envelope N276 glycan have not been successful.
RM2 antigen hexasaccharide	undetermined							response	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms	vaccination	mice	LNCap cell line		23819648	Moreover, the induced mouse antibodies mediated effective complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) against the prostate cancer cell line LNCap.
N-linked glycans that contain terminal fucose and fucosylated lactosamines	increased level	CSPG4		chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4|CSPG4 protein, human					triple-negative breast cancer	Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms		humans	cancer cells		36768830	In addition, VT68.2 showed a higher affinity for N-linked glycans that contain terminal fucose and fucosylated lactosamines.
HNK-1 glyco-epitope	altered level	GluR2		glutamate receptor ionotropic, AMPA 2	GlcAT-P				reduced long term potentiation			Mice	hippocampal neurons	Hippocampus|Neurons	19729452	Our previous report showed that mice lacking a glucuronyltransferase (GlcAT-P), a key enzyme for biosynthesis of the HNK-1 epitope, showed reduced long term potentiation at hippocampal CA1 synapses.
mucin O-glycan core structures	undetermined														21514575	For the investigation of glycosidases, and for the construction of glycan arrays the p-nitrophenyl- and p-aminophenyl glycosides of mucin O-glycan core structures 1-7 and the 2,6-ST-antigen have been chemically synthesized using d-galactose as a precursor for GalNAc residues.
2,6-ST-antigen	undetermined														21514575	For the investigation of glycosidases, and for the construction of glycan arrays the p-nitrophenyl- and p-aminophenyl glycosides of mucin O-glycan core structures 1-7 and the 2,6-ST-antigen have been chemically synthesized using d-galactose as a precursor for GalNAc residues.
O-linked glycoproteins	altered level			Membrane Glycoproteins					Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome	Autoimmune Diseases|Lymphoproliferative Disorders		Humans	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	11513545	B220 expression, together with our finding of characteristic lectin binding profiles, demonstrates that cell surface O-linked glycoproteins have undergone specific modifications, which may have consequences for lymphocyte trafficking, cell-cell interactions, and access to alternative apoptosis pathways.
core-fucosylation	altered level	Prostate specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		33288424	Different studies have described changes in the core-fucosylation level of PSA between PCa patients and healthy controls.
N-glycan	loss of structure											Nicotiana	epidermal cells	Epidermal Cells	20716110	The first event during Golgi disassembly was the loss of trans-Golgi enzymes and golgins from Golgi membranes, followed by a sequential redistribution of medial and cis-Golgi enzymes into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), whilst golgins were relocated to the ER or cytoplasm.
alpha-N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) epitopes	decreased level							diagnostic|predictive	differentiation commitment			Mice	embryonic stem cells	Embryonic Stem Cells	17170066	These glycan epitopes decline markedly in cells undergoing the first definable step of differentiation, the transition from mESCs to primitive ectoderm (CD9(high) SSEA1(high) AP(high) DBA(low)).
traumatic brain injury indicative glycan biomarkers	undetermined							diagnostic	traumatic brain injury						38225756	Subsequently, this nano-plasmonic lab-on-a-chip combined with the unconventional computational classification algorithm and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy, aimed to address the challenges associated with timely point-of-care detection of disease-indicative biomarkers, is utilized in validation assay for multiplex detection of traumatic brain injury indicative glycan biomarkers, demonstrating straightforward and cost-effective micro- and nanoplatforms for accurate detection.
N-linked oligosaccharides	undetermined	IgG		Immunoglobulin G											14673818	The samples were N-linked oligosaccharides from monoclonal antibody IgG, beta interferon and fetuin, detached by enzymatic deglycosylation and labeled at the reducing end.
N-linked oligosaccharides	undetermined	beta interferon		Interferon-beta											14673818	The samples were N-linked oligosaccharides from monoclonal antibody IgG, beta interferon and fetuin, detached by enzymatic deglycosylation and labeled at the reducing end.
N-linked oligosaccharides	undetermined	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins											14673818	The samples were N-linked oligosaccharides from monoclonal antibody IgG, beta interferon and fetuin, detached by enzymatic deglycosylation and labeled at the reducing end.
Sialyl Lewis X	increased level	transferrin|alpha1-antitrypsin|alpha2-HS glycoprotein|beta-glycoprotein		Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins	alpha1,3-fucosyltransferase				hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	HepG2 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	12558029	A human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, HepG2 cells, was highly expressed SLEX on secreted glycoproteins and cell surface, in contrast with HuH-7 cells.
poly-fucosylated and high-branched N-glycans	increased level	transferrin|alpha1-antitrypsin|alpha2-HS glycoprotein|beta-glycoprotein		Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins	alpha1,3-fucosyltransferase				hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	HepG2 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	12558029	We analyzed N-glycans of these glycoproteins by MALDI-TOFMS in combination with exoglycosidase digestion; our results indicate increases in poly-fucosylated and high-branched N-glycans.
N- and O-glycans	unaltered level	CD33		CD33 protein, human|Cd33 protein, mouse									myelomonocytic cells	Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic	10556798	The precise function of CD33 is unknown although it is a lectin that binds sialic acid residues in N- and O-glycans on cell surfaces.
Immunoglobulin N-glycan	altered level	Immunoglobulin		Immunoglobulins				diagnostic	hormone-sensitive prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		35524940	Immunoglobulin N-glycan signatures were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis from 1312 serum subjects with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (n = 234), castration-resistant prostate cancer (n = 94), renal cell carcinoma (n = 100), upper urinary tract urothelial cancer (n = 105), bladder cancer (n = 176), germ cell tumors (n = 73), benign prostatic hyperplasia (n = 95), urosepsis (n = 145), and urinary tract infection (n = 21) as well as healthy volunteers (n = 269).
Immunoglobulin N-glycan	altered level	Immunoglobulin		Immunoglobulins				diagnostic	castration-resistant prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		35524940	Immunoglobulin N-glycan signatures were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis from 1312 serum subjects with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (n = 234), castration-resistant prostate cancer (n = 94), renal cell carcinoma (n = 100), upper urinary tract urothelial cancer (n = 105), bladder cancer (n = 176), germ cell tumors (n = 73), benign prostatic hyperplasia (n = 95), urosepsis (n = 145), and urinary tract infection (n = 21) as well as healthy volunteers (n = 269).
Immunoglobulin N-glycan	altered level	Immunoglobulin		Immunoglobulins				diagnostic	renal cell carcinoma	Kidney Neoplasms		Humans	serum		35524940	Immunoglobulin N-glycan signatures were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis from 1312 serum subjects with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (n = 234), castration-resistant prostate cancer (n = 94), renal cell carcinoma (n = 100), upper urinary tract urothelial cancer (n = 105), bladder cancer (n = 176), germ cell tumors (n = 73), benign prostatic hyperplasia (n = 95), urosepsis (n = 145), and urinary tract infection (n = 21) as well as healthy volunteers (n = 269).
Immunoglobulin N-glycan	altered level	Immunoglobulin		Immunoglobulins				diagnostic	upper urinary tract urothelial cancer			Humans	serum		35524940	Immunoglobulin N-glycan signatures were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis from 1312 serum subjects with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (n = 234), castration-resistant prostate cancer (n = 94), renal cell carcinoma (n = 100), upper urinary tract urothelial cancer (n = 105), bladder cancer (n = 176), germ cell tumors (n = 73), benign prostatic hyperplasia (n = 95), urosepsis (n = 145), and urinary tract infection (n = 21) as well as healthy volunteers (n = 269).
Immunoglobulin N-glycan	altered level	Immunoglobulin		Immunoglobulins				diagnostic	bladder cancer	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	serum		35524940	Immunoglobulin N-glycan signatures were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis from 1312 serum subjects with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (n = 234), castration-resistant prostate cancer (n = 94), renal cell carcinoma (n = 100), upper urinary tract urothelial cancer (n = 105), bladder cancer (n = 176), germ cell tumors (n = 73), benign prostatic hyperplasia (n = 95), urosepsis (n = 145), and urinary tract infection (n = 21) as well as healthy volunteers (n = 269).
Immunoglobulin N-glycan	altered level	Immunoglobulin		Immunoglobulins				diagnostic	germ cell tumors			Humans	serum		35524940	Immunoglobulin N-glycan signatures were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis from 1312 serum subjects with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (n = 234), castration-resistant prostate cancer (n = 94), renal cell carcinoma (n = 100), upper urinary tract urothelial cancer (n = 105), bladder cancer (n = 176), germ cell tumors (n = 73), benign prostatic hyperplasia (n = 95), urosepsis (n = 145), and urinary tract infection (n = 21) as well as healthy volunteers (n = 269).
Immunoglobulin N-glycan	altered level	Immunoglobulin		Immunoglobulins				diagnostic	benign prostatic hyperplasia			Humans	serum		35524940	Immunoglobulin N-glycan signatures were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis from 1312 serum subjects with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (n = 234), castration-resistant prostate cancer (n = 94), renal cell carcinoma (n = 100), upper urinary tract urothelial cancer (n = 105), bladder cancer (n = 176), germ cell tumors (n = 73), benign prostatic hyperplasia (n = 95), urosepsis (n = 145), and urinary tract infection (n = 21) as well as healthy volunteers (n = 269).
Immunoglobulin N-glycan	altered level	Immunoglobulin		Immunoglobulins				diagnostic	urosepsis			Humans	serum		35524940	Immunoglobulin N-glycan signatures were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis from 1312 serum subjects with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (n = 234), castration-resistant prostate cancer (n = 94), renal cell carcinoma (n = 100), upper urinary tract urothelial cancer (n = 105), bladder cancer (n = 176), germ cell tumors (n = 73), benign prostatic hyperplasia (n = 95), urosepsis (n = 145), and urinary tract infection (n = 21) as well as healthy volunteers (n = 269).
Immunoglobulin N-glycan	altered level	Immunoglobulin		Immunoglobulins				diagnostic	urinary tract infection			Humans	serum		35524940	Immunoglobulin N-glycan signatures were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis from 1312 serum subjects with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (n = 234), castration-resistant prostate cancer (n = 94), renal cell carcinoma (n = 100), upper urinary tract urothelial cancer (n = 105), bladder cancer (n = 176), germ cell tumors (n = 73), benign prostatic hyperplasia (n = 95), urosepsis (n = 145), and urinary tract infection (n = 21) as well as healthy volunteers (n = 269).
sulfated glycan	loss of structure	HGF		HGF protein, human|Hepatocyte Growth Factor				diagnostic	chronic inflammation			Humans	Feces	Feces	25174881	It has high affinity to sulfated glycan, and this binding affinity is lost during chronic inflammation.
sulfated glycan	loss of structure	HGF		HGF protein, human|Hepatocyte Growth Factor				diagnostic	acute bowel inflammation			Humans	Feces	Feces	25174881	HGF is a good local acute phase response marker of acute bowel inflammation.
unique glycans	altered level	transferrin		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	depression			Humans	Cerebrospinal fluid		37047057	Brain-derived marker levels were found to be highly correlated with each other in the CSF of depression and schizophrenia patients.
unique glycans	altered level	transferrin		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	schizophrenia			Humans	Cerebrospinal fluid		37047057	Brain-derived marker levels were found to be highly correlated with each other in the CSF of depression and schizophrenia patients.
unique glycans	increased level	transferrin		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	spontaneous intracranial hypotension			Humans	Cerebrospinal fluid		37047057	In SIH, the brain-derived markers were 2-3-fold higher than in other diseases, and, regardless of their diverse levels, they were found to be correlated with each other.
unique glycans	increased level	transferrin		Glycoproteins				monitoring	idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus	Hydrocephalus	shunt operation	Humans	Cerebrospinal fluid		37047057	After the shunt operation, marker levels began to increase within a week and then further increased by 2-2.5-fold at three, six, and twelve months post-operation, at which point symptoms had gradually attenuated.
α-2,3-Sia	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|predictive	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	HepG2 cells|HL7702 cells|clinical surgical HCC specimens	Hep G2 Cells||	38599123	Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) identifies seven specific glycan-linkages (α-2,3-Sia, α-Gal, α-1,2-Fuc, α-1,6-Fuc, α-2,6-Sia, α-GalNAc, and Gal-β-1,3-GalNAc) as biomarkers.
α-Gal	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|predictive	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	HepG2 cells|HL7702 cells|clinical surgical HCC specimens	Hep G2 Cells||	38599123	Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) identifies seven specific glycan-linkages (α-2,3-Sia, α-Gal, α-1,2-Fuc, α-1,6-Fuc, α-2,6-Sia, α-GalNAc, and Gal-β-1,3-GalNAc) as biomarkers.
α-1,2-Fuc	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|predictive	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	HepG2 cells|HL7702 cells|clinical surgical HCC specimens	Hep G2 Cells||	38599123	Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) identifies seven specific glycan-linkages (α-2,3-Sia, α-Gal, α-1,2-Fuc, α-1,6-Fuc, α-2,6-Sia, α-GalNAc, and Gal-β-1,3-GalNAc) as biomarkers.
α-1,6-Fuc	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|predictive	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	HepG2 cells|HL7702 cells|clinical surgical HCC specimens	Hep G2 Cells||	38599123	Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) identifies seven specific glycan-linkages (α-2,3-Sia, α-Gal, α-1,2-Fuc, α-1,6-Fuc, α-2,6-Sia, α-GalNAc, and Gal-β-1,3-GalNAc) as biomarkers.
α-2,6-Sia	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|predictive	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	HepG2 cells|HL7702 cells|clinical surgical HCC specimens	Hep G2 Cells||	38599123	Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) identifies seven specific glycan-linkages (α-2,3-Sia, α-Gal, α-1,2-Fuc, α-1,6-Fuc, α-2,6-Sia, α-GalNAc, and Gal-β-1,3-GalNAc) as biomarkers.
α-GalNAc	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|predictive	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	HepG2 cells|HL7702 cells|clinical surgical HCC specimens	Hep G2 Cells||	38599123	Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) identifies seven specific glycan-linkages (α-2,3-Sia, α-Gal, α-1,2-Fuc, α-1,6-Fuc, α-2,6-Sia, α-GalNAc, and Gal-β-1,3-GalNAc) as biomarkers.
Gal-β-1,3-GalNAc	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|predictive	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	HepG2 cells|HL7702 cells|clinical surgical HCC specimens	Hep G2 Cells||	38599123	Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) identifies seven specific glycan-linkages (α-2,3-Sia, α-Gal, α-1,2-Fuc, α-1,6-Fuc, α-2,6-Sia, α-GalNAc, and Gal-β-1,3-GalNAc) as biomarkers.
T-antigen	increased level							prognostic	glioblastoma	Glioblastoma		Humans	tissue|serum	Humans|	38721992	Our univariate analysis showed that 5 out of the 11 lectin-probed glycans (LPGs) were significantly higher in GBM tissues than in peri-tumoral tissues.
α2-3-linked N-acetylneuraminic acid	increased level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	clinically significant prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	blood serum		37439544	Recently, alteration in the N-glycan sialylation of PSA, specifically increased levels of α2-3-linked N-acetylneuraminic acid (α2-3-Neu5Ac or α2-3-sialic acid), was identified as a potential biomarker for clinically significant PCa.
agalactosylated IgG glycoforms (GnGnF, GnGn(bi)F)	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				prognostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		22179780	Analysis of 32 different IgG N-glycans revealed significant increase of agalactosylated (GnGnF, GnGn(bi)F), and decrease of galactosylated (AGn(bi), AGn(bi)F, AA(bi), AAF) and monosialylated IgG glycoforms (NaAF, NaA(bi)) in cancer patients.
galactosylated IgG glycoforms (AGn(bi), AGn(bi)F, AA(bi), AAF)	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				prognostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		22179780	Analysis of 32 different IgG N-glycans revealed significant increase of agalactosylated (GnGnF, GnGn(bi)F), and decrease of galactosylated (AGn(bi), AGn(bi)F, AA(bi), AAF) and monosialylated IgG glycoforms (NaAF, NaA(bi)) in cancer patients.
monosialylated IgG glycoforms (NaAF, NaA(bi))	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				prognostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		22179780	Analysis of 32 different IgG N-glycans revealed significant increase of agalactosylated (GnGnF, GnGn(bi)F), and decrease of galactosylated (AGn(bi), AGn(bi)F, AA(bi), AAF) and monosialylated IgG glycoforms (NaAF, NaA(bi)) in cancer patients.
Fc fucosylation	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				prognostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		22179780	A statistically significant increase of Fc fucosylation was observed in tumor stage II and III whereas reverse changes were found for the presence of bisecting GlcNAc.
bisecting GlcNAc	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				prognostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		22179780	A statistically significant increase of Fc fucosylation was observed in tumor stage II and III whereas reverse changes were found for the presence of bisecting GlcNAc.
fully sialylated glycans	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				prognostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		22179780	Higher level of fully sialylated glycans and elevated expression of glycans with bisecting GlcNAc were associated with better survival rate.
bisecting GlcNAc	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				prognostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		22179780	Higher level of fully sialylated glycans and elevated expression of glycans with bisecting GlcNAc were associated with better survival rate.
N-linked glycan	altered level	CD6		CD6 antigen					T cell activation			Human	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	2016320	After maturation of N-linked glycan and addition of sulfated O-linked oligosaccharide, CD6 appears on the cell surface as a molecule of 130 kDa.
6-sulfosialyl-Lewis X	acquisition of structure				beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase IV		beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase IV		L-selectin ligand			Human	colonic mucosa		12511560	The Galbeta1-->4(SO(3)(-)-->6)GlcNAc moiety is present in various N-linked and O-linked glycans including keratan sulfate and 6-sulfosialyl-Lewis X, an L-selectin ligand.
keratan sulfate	acquisition of structure				beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase IV		beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase IV		L-selectin ligand			Human	colonic mucosa		12511560	The Galbeta1-->4(SO(3)(-)-->6)GlcNAc moiety is present in various N-linked and O-linked glycans including keratan sulfate and 6-sulfosialyl-Lewis X, an L-selectin ligand.
α2,3 sialyl lactosamines	undetermined	Siglec-9		Sialic Acid Binding Immunoglobulin-like Lectins								Human	immune cells		38321945	Binding of Siglec-9 to sialic acid containing glycans (sialoglycans) is well documented to modulate its functions as an inhibitory receptor.
α2,6 sialyl lactosamines	undetermined	Siglec-9		Sialic Acid Binding Immunoglobulin-like Lectins								Human	immune cells		38321945	Binding of Siglec-9 to sialic acid containing glycans (sialoglycans) is well documented to modulate its functions as an inhibitory receptor.
sialyl Lewis X	undetermined	Siglec-9		Sialic Acid Binding Immunoglobulin-like Lectins								Human	immune cells		38321945	Binding of Siglec-9 to sialic acid containing glycans (sialoglycans) is well documented to modulate its functions as an inhibitory receptor.
6-O sulfated sLeX	undetermined	Siglec-9		Sialic Acid Binding Immunoglobulin-like Lectins								Human	immune cells		38321945	Binding of Siglec-9 to sialic acid containing glycans (sialoglycans) is well documented to modulate its functions as an inhibitory receptor.
glycosylated MUC1	loss of structure	MUC1		Mucins					SARS-CoV-2 infection	COVID-19|SARS-CoV-2		Human	Calu-3 cells		37561789	StcE treatment of Calu-3 cells significantly enhanced infection with SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus and authentic virus, while removal of terminal mucin glycans sialic acid and fucose from the epithelial surface did not impact viral entry.
glycosylated MUC1	loss of structure	MUC1		Mucins					SARS-CoV-2 infection	COVID-19|SARS-CoV-2		Human	airway cultures		37561789	Both MUC1 and MUC16 are expressed on the surface of human organoid-derived air-liquid interface (ALI) differentiated airway cultures and StcE treatment led to mucin removal and increased levels of SARS-CoV-2 replication.
glycosylated MUC16	loss of structure	MUC16		Mucins|CA-125 Antigen					SARS-CoV-2 infection	COVID-19|SARS-CoV-2		Human	airway cultures		37561789	Both MUC1 and MUC16 are expressed on the surface of human organoid-derived air-liquid interface (ALI) differentiated airway cultures and StcE treatment led to mucin removal and increased levels of SARS-CoV-2 replication.
alpha 1,3-fucosylated N-acetylglucosamine	unaltered level				N-glycosidase F		Peptide-N4-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl) Asparagine Amidase								7540902	However, N-glycosidase F did not release glycans alpha 1,3-fucosylated at the asparagine linked N-acetylglucosamine irrespective of the presence of xylose in the substrate.
beta-D-glucan	decreased level							diagnostic	systemic mycosis	Mycoses	fluconazole	Humans	plasma		8254892	Even in 10 cases of definite mycosis, 4 cases showed low levels of plasma beta-D-glucan (below 15 pg/ml by repeated determinations).
N-glycans	increased level							diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	Ascitic Fluid	Ascitic Fluid	28188862	Ascites N-glycome showed increased antennarity, branching, sialylation and Lewis<sup>X</sup> motives compared to healthy serum.
N-glycans	increased level							diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	Serum		28188862	The glycome of ascites shows typical features of inflammatory conditions, what was also found in the serum of patients suffering from EOC when compared to healthy serum.
anti-glycan antibodies	altered level							diagnostic	disease			Humans	serum		25807519	Changes in the levels of these antibodies can occur with the onset of disease, exposure to pathogens, or vaccination.
glycosylation	altered level	Circulating Immune Complexes		Antigen-Antibody Complex				diagnostic|prognostic	Post Kala Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis	Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous		Humans	sera		29420575	These results highlight the glycosylation status of CICs among Indian PKDL patients present in all the studied endemic districts of West Bengal.
glycosylation	unaltered level	Circulating Immune Complexes		Antigen-Antibody Complex					Vitiligo			Humans	sera		29420575	These PKDL biomarkers were completely absent in cross diseases like Vitiligo and Leprosy.
glycosylation	unaltered level	Circulating Immune Complexes		Antigen-Antibody Complex					Leprosy			Humans	sera		29420575	These PKDL biomarkers were completely absent in cross diseases like Vitiligo and Leprosy.
sialyl Le(a)	increased level				core 2 beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase	prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	cancer cells		9393734	Recently, it was demonstrated that an increased level of NeuNAc alpha2-3Gal beta1-4(Fuc alpha1-3)GlcNAc beta-R (sialyl Le(x)) and NeuNAc alpha2-3Gal beta1-3(Fuc alpha1-4)GlcNAc beta-R (sialyl Le(a)) expression on the surface of colorectal cancer cells is positively correlated with progression of the disease.
sialyl Le(x)	increased level				core 2 beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase	prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	cancer cells		9393734	Recently, it was demonstrated that an increased level of NeuNAc alpha2-3Gal beta1-4(Fuc alpha1-3)GlcNAc beta-R (sialyl Le(x)) and NeuNAc alpha2-3Gal beta1-3(Fuc alpha1-4)GlcNAc beta-R (sialyl Le(a)) expression on the surface of colorectal cancer cells is positively correlated with progression of the disease.
phosphatidylinositol-glycan	unaltered level	CD16-I		Antigens, CD|Receptors, Fc|Receptors, IgG					mastocytoma			Human	PMN	Neutrophils	1834741	By contrast, 1,10-phenanthroline does not inhibit PMA-induced release of CD16-I glycoprotein from PMN, indicating a different mechanism of release for this phosphatidylinositol-glycan anchored molecule.
phosphatidylinositol-glycan	unaltered level	CD16-II		Antigens, CD|Receptors, Fc|Receptors, IgG					mastocytoma			Human	NK cells	Killer Cells, Natural	1834741	NK cells spontaneously release soluble CD16-II from the cell surface and this is enhanced by activation with phorbol ester.
α2,3-linked sialic acid	altered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		38296851	In this study, the ability of MAA to preferentially recognize α2,3-linked sialic acid in serum PSA was proven, suggesting a potential platform for the development of lectin-based, miniaturized, and cost effective IIB biosensors for future disease detection.
glycans	increased level	α-1-Acid glycoprotein						diagnostic|prognostic	disease			human	serum		31283879	α-1-Acid glycoprotein (AGP) and transferrin (Tf) are the main glycoproteins present in the serum, whose levels are increased during disease or injury.
glycans	increased level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic|prognostic	disease			human	serum		31283879	α-1-Acid glycoprotein (AGP) and transferrin (Tf) are the main glycoproteins present in the serum, whose levels are increased during disease or injury.
O-linked glycans	altered level	Galectin 1		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	Mesenchymal stem cell differentiation	Mesenchymal Stem Cells		Human	Mesenchymal stem cells	Mesenchymal Stem Cells	21431538	Significant changes in cellular glycoprotein profiles were seen upon differentiation into different cell types, and several putative glycoprotein markers were identified by MALDI peptide fingerprinting.
sialic acid-containing glycans	altered level	Galectin 1		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	Mesenchymal stem cell differentiation	Mesenchymal Stem Cells		Human	Mesenchymal stem cells	Mesenchymal Stem Cells	21431538	Significant changes in cellular glycoprotein profiles were seen upon differentiation into different cell types, and several putative glycoprotein markers were identified by MALDI peptide fingerprinting.
O-GlcNAc	altered level	Galectin 1		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	Mesenchymal stem cell differentiation	Mesenchymal Stem Cells		Human	Mesenchymal stem cells	Mesenchymal Stem Cells	21431538	Significant changes in cellular glycoprotein profiles were seen upon differentiation into different cell types, and several putative glycoprotein markers were identified by MALDI peptide fingerprinting.
triantennary 'complex-type' with terminal fucose	undetermined	Thy-1 glycoprotein		Thy-1 Antigens								mouse	thymocyte	Thymus Gland	6148073	The following structures of the oligosaccharide chains were proposed: I, triantennary 'complex-type' with terminal fucose; IIA, biantennary 'complex-type' without fucose; IIB, biantennary 'complex-type' with fucose; III, a mixture of 'high-mannose' chains containing either five or six mannose residues (approx. 50% of each).
biantennary 'complex-type' without fucose	undetermined	Thy-1 glycoprotein		Thy-1 Antigens								mouse	thymocyte	Thymus Gland	6148073	The following structures of the oligosaccharide chains were proposed: I, triantennary 'complex-type' with terminal fucose; IIA, biantennary 'complex-type' without fucose; IIB, biantennary 'complex-type' with fucose; III, a mixture of 'high-mannose' chains containing either five or six mannose residues (approx. 50% of each).
biantennary 'complex-type' with fucose	undetermined	Thy-1 glycoprotein		Thy-1 Antigens								mouse	thymocyte	Thymus Gland	6148073	The following structures of the oligosaccharide chains were proposed: I, triantennary 'complex-type' with terminal fucose; IIA, biantennary 'complex-type' without fucose; IIB, biantennary 'complex-type' with fucose; III, a mixture of 'high-mannose' chains containing either five or six mannose residues (approx. 50% of each).
'high-mannose' chains containing either five or six mannose residues	undetermined	Thy-1 glycoprotein		Thy-1 Antigens								mouse	thymocyte	Thymus Gland	6148073	The following structures of the oligosaccharide chains were proposed: I, triantennary 'complex-type' with terminal fucose; IIA, biantennary 'complex-type' without fucose; IIB, biantennary 'complex-type' with fucose; III, a mixture of 'high-mannose' chains containing either five or six mannose residues (approx. 50% of each).
galectin-1	altered level			Galectin 1|LGALS1 protein, human					intervertebral disc degeneration	Intervertebral Disc Degeneration		human	intervertebral disc		31115931	In vitro, both galectins bound to IVD cells in a glycan-dependent manner.
galectin-3	altered level			Galectin 3					intervertebral disc degeneration	Intervertebral Disc Degeneration		human	intervertebral disc		31115931	In vitro, both galectins bound to IVD cells in a glycan-dependent manner.
sialylated O-linked glycans	altered level	CD34		Antigens, CD34					chronic myelogenous leukemia	Leukemia		human	bone marrow		1375160	We also separated CD34+ blast cells from a patient in megakaryoblastic crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia.
MUC1 glycopeptide	unaltered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				predictive	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		mouse	T cells	T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer	12778480	In addition, immunization with the same glycopeptide library primed T cells for a strong response to lysate of a MUC1-expressing human breast cancer, and immunization with the tumor lysate primed T cells for a response to the glycopeptide library.
N-acetyl-galactosamine (GalNAc) O-linked to the threonine in the PDTR region of MUC1	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	immunotherapy	Humans	breast tumor tissues	Breast Neoplasms	10867613	VU-2-G7 ubiquitously reacted with 4 MUC1-expressing breast cancer and 2 ovarian cancer cell lines and with a MUC1-gene-transfected Chinese hamster ovary cell line.
N-acetyl-galactosamine (GalNAc) O-linked to the threonine in the PDTR region of MUC1	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms	immunotherapy	Humans	ovarian tumor tissues	Ovarian Neoplasms	10867613	VU-2-G7 ubiquitously reacted with 4 MUC1-expressing breast cancer and 2 ovarian cancer cell lines and with a MUC1-gene-transfected Chinese hamster ovary cell line.
LacdiNAc-glycosylated	altered level	Prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	Prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms	radical prostatectomy	Humans	Serum	Serum	31711843	Serum LacdiNAc-glycosylated prostate-specific antigen (LDN-PSA) and LDN-PSA density together with PSA and PSA density (PSAD) were measured as a diagnostic tool for prostate cancer (PCa).
O-GlcNAc	altered level	FOXO3		FOXO3 protein, human|Forkhead Box Protein O3					cancer	Neoplasms|Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	PANC-1 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	29301793	Here, we identify site-specific O-GlcNAcylation as a critical block of FOXO3 that may abrogate a part of the p53 pathway, resulting in aberrant cancer cell growth.
glycosylation site in Loop D	loss of structure	HIV envelope glycoprotein (Env)		env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus					HIV infection			Humans			23530120	However, we found that the elimination of a conserved glycosylation site located in Loop D and two glycosylation sites located in variable region 5 of Env allows Env-binding to, and activation of, B cells expressing the germline-reverted BCRs of two potent broadly neutralizing antibodies, VRC01 and NIH45-46.
glycosylation sites in variable region 5	loss of structure	HIV envelope glycoprotein (Env)		env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus					HIV infection			Humans			23530120	However, we found that the elimination of a conserved glycosylation site located in Loop D and two glycosylation sites located in variable region 5 of Env allows Env-binding to, and activation of, B cells expressing the germline-reverted BCRs of two potent broadly neutralizing antibodies, VRC01 and NIH45-46.
N-linked glycosylation site	loss of structure	Env		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|HIV Envelope Protein gp41					HIV-1 infection	HIV-1		Humans	sera	Blood Proteins	11333905	However, loss of the glycosylation site alone was sufficient to render Env neutralization sensitive, providing additional evidence that carbohydrate structures shield important neutralization determinants.
human milk mucin 1	unaltered level							risk|prognostic	Salmonella infection	Salmonella typhimurium		Humans	intestinal epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	22718031	At 150 μg/L, a typical concentration in milk, human milk mucin 1 and mucin 4 inhibited SL1344 invasion of both target cell types.
human milk mucin 4	unaltered level							risk|prognostic	Salmonella infection	Salmonella typhimurium		Humans	intestinal epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	22718031	At 150 μg/L, a typical concentration in milk, human milk mucin 1 and mucin 4 inhibited SL1344 invasion of both target cell types.
N-glycan	altered level							diagnostic	chronic hepatitis B	Hepatitis B, Chronic		Humans	serum		39164985	N-glycan profiles appear to correlate well with hepatic necroinflammation in CHB when compared with liver biopsy.
N-linked oligomannosides	unaltered level	newly synthesized glycoproteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	quality control of newly synthesized glycoproteins	Quality Control			rough endoplasmic reticulum	Endoplasmic Reticulum, Rough	10222224	It appears increasingly evident that the oligomannoside type N-glycans play important roles in the fate of newly synthesized glycoproteins in the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
free oligomannosides	unaltered level	newly synthesized glycoproteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	quality control of newly synthesized glycoproteins	Quality Control			cytosol		10222224	A prerequisite of the degradation in the cytosol by the proteasome pathway is the release of the glycans as free oligomannosides.
O-GlcNAcylation	increased level	DDX5		Ddx5 protein, human|DEAD-box RNA Helicases	OGT		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	SW480 cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	30484950	Here, we found both DDX5 and O-GlcNAcylation are up-regulated in colorectal cancer.
MUC1	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				predictive	malignant pleural mesothelioma	Mesothelioma|Pleural Neoplasms	immunotherapy	Humans	MPM cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	21540305	We found that all MPM cell lines expressed MUC1 protein at the cell surface with different glycosylation profiles.
O-GlcNAcylation	increased level	FOXA2		FOXA2 protein, human|Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3-beta	O-GlcNAc transferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|OGT protein, human	prognostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		human	HCC cells	Hep G2 Cells	33843053	Although increasing evidence has shown that elevated levels of global O-GlcNAcylation are linked to the metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, the underlying mechanism is still ambiguous.
MUC21 protein	altered level	MUC21		MUC21 protein, human				prognostic	EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma of Lung		Humans	lung	Lung Neoplasms	30973916	MUC21 proteins with a specific glycosylation status may be involved in the progression of EGFR-mutated LADCs, particularly at the stage where tumors are transforming from pure lepidic to micropapillary through low papillary lepidic lesions.
defucosylated glycan	acquisition of structure	HM1.24		BST2 protein, human					multiple myeloma	Multiple Myeloma	lenalidomide	human	bone marrow		24386306	We developed the defucosylated version (YB-AHM) of humanized monoclonal antibody against HM1.24 (CD317) overexpressed in multiple myeloma (MM) cells.
sialic acid	increased level				ST6GAL1	ST6GAL1	Sialyltransferases	diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	ovarian cancer cell lines|ascites|ovarian cyst fluids	Cell Line, Tumor||	23241603	Aberrant glycosylation, or more specifically, increased sialylation of proteins has been observed in ovarian cancer.
glycosylated	undetermined	CD83		Antigens, CD					dendritic cell maturation			mouse	bone marrow-derived dendritic cells	Dendritic Cells	10567699	Transfection experiments using COS-7 cells revealed that mCD83 is glycosylated.
sialyl-Tn antigen	increased level	MUC2		MUC2 protein, human|Mucin-2				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	colonic cancer mucins	Colon	19152289	As expected, we found an increased expression of sialyl-Tn antigen in the colonic cancer mucins.
core 3 sialyl-Le(x) hexasaccharide	increased level	MUC2		MUC2 protein, human|Mucin-2				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	tumor		19152289	A more interesting feature was the increased expression of a core 3 sialyl-Le(x) hexasaccharide, NeuAcalpha2-3Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAcbeta1-3(NeuAcalpha2-6)GalNAc in tumor, which appeared to compete with its sulfo-Le(x) counterpart in normal tissue, SO3-3Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAcbeta1-3(NeuAcalpha2-6)GalNAc.
N-linked glycans	unaltered level								retinal detachment			dog|micropig|rat	retina	Retina	16770733	Mapping the affinity profiles, it is concluded that: (i) all sections of the retina reacted well with Morniga M, suggesting that N-linked glycans are present in all layers of the retina;
N-linked glycans	unaltered level								age-related macular degeneration			dog|micropig|rat	retina	Retina	16770733	Mapping the affinity profiles, it is concluded that: (i) all sections of the retina reacted well with Morniga M, suggesting that N-linked glycans are present in all layers of the retina;
glycated apoB	increased level	apoB		Apolipoproteins B				diagnostic	Type 2 diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	low density lipoprotein (LDL)	Lipoproteins, LDL	10477211	The percentages of glycated apoB (3.33+/-2.54% vs. 1.24+/-0.71%) and of LDL- (3.88+/-1.49% vs. 2.34+/-1.03%) in total LDL were significantly higher in diabetic patients (P<0.01 for both).
sialyl-Tn	acquisition of structure	mucins		Mucins				diagnostic	cancers of the colon	Neoplasms		Humans	colon		8590544	In immunohistochemistry, these mabs showed strong reactivity with most cancers of the colon, lung, and stomach, and also some tumours of the ovary and breast.
sialyl-Tn	acquisition of structure	mucins		Mucins				diagnostic	cancers of the lung	Neoplasms		Humans	lung		8590544	In immunohistochemistry, these mabs showed strong reactivity with most cancers of the colon, lung, and stomach, and also some tumours of the ovary and breast.
sialyl-Tn	acquisition of structure	mucins		Mucins				diagnostic	cancers of the stomach	Neoplasms		Humans	stomach		8590544	In immunohistochemistry, these mabs showed strong reactivity with most cancers of the colon, lung, and stomach, and also some tumours of the ovary and breast.
sialyl-Tn	acquisition of structure	mucins		Mucins				diagnostic	tumours of the ovary	Neoplasms		Humans	ovary		8590544	In immunohistochemistry, these mabs showed strong reactivity with most cancers of the colon, lung, and stomach, and also some tumours of the ovary and breast.
sialyl-Tn	acquisition of structure	mucins		Mucins				diagnostic	tumours of the breast	Neoplasms		Humans	breast		8590544	In immunohistochemistry, these mabs showed strong reactivity with most cancers of the colon, lung, and stomach, and also some tumours of the ovary and breast.
glycosylation at threonines 48 and 71 of human proBNP	increased level	pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76)		pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76)	GalNAc-transferase (GALNT) 1 and 2		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases	diagnostic	heart failure	Heart Failure		Humans	heart	Myocardium	28188250	Glycosylation at threonines 48 and 71 of human proBNP contributed to the increased secretion of proBNP by attenuating its processing, and GalNAc-transferase (GALNT) 1 and 2 mediated the glycosylation-regulated increase in cardiac human proBNP secretion.
fucosylated PSA	increased level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		KLK3 protein, human	alpha (1-6) fucosyltransferase			predictive	aggressive prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Human	Serum	Serum	25553114	The ratio of fucosylated PSA showed a marked increase in aggressive tumors in comparison to non-aggressive tumors.
fucosylated PSA	decreased level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		KLK3 protein, human	alpha (1-6) fucosyltransferase			predictive	non-aggressive prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Human	Serum	Serum	25553114	The ratio of fucosylated PSA showed a marked increase in aggressive tumors in comparison to non-aggressive tumors.
glycated apolipoprotein B	increased level	Apolipoprotein B		Apolipoproteins B				diagnostic	diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus		Humans	serum		18720163	ApoB-G was higher in diabetic than in non diabetic subjects.
glycated apolipoprotein B	unaltered level	Apolipoprotein B		Apolipoproteins B				diagnostic	non-diabetes			Humans	serum		18720163	ApoB-G was higher in diabetic than in non diabetic subjects.
glycosylation isoforms	undetermined	MAB007		Antibodies, Monoclonal											16828048	Mass spectrometric analysis of intact MAB007 showed multiple peaks varying in mass by 120-140 Da that cannot be fully attributed to glycosylation isoforms typically present in IgG molecules.
EEQFN177STYR (H3N4)	increased level	IgG4		Glycoproteins				response	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms	anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment	Humans	serum		38952341	The intact glycopeptide EEQFN 177STYR (H3N4) corresponding to IgG4 is significantly increased during anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment (FC=2.65, P=0.0083) and has the highest increase in anti-PD-1/PD-L1 responders (FC=5.84, P=0.0190).
EEQYN227STFR (H3N4F1)	increased level	IgG3		Glycoproteins				response	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms	anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment	Humans	serum		38952341	Furthermore, obvious associations between the two intact glycopeptides (EEQFN 177STYR (H3N4) of IgG4, EEQYN 227STFR (H3N4F1) of IgG3) and response to treatment are observed, which may play a guiding role in cancer immunotherapy.
MUC1 mucin	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					epithelial cancer		imaging and therapy	Humans	epithelial cancer	Epithelial Cells	16760193	MUC1 mucin expressed in epithelial cancer, such as prostate and breast, is aberrantly glycosylated providing unique targets for imaging and therapy.
N-linked glycosylation	increased level	Thy-1		Thy-1 Antigens					T cell proliferation	Lymphocyte Activation		guinea pig	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	10607429	In contrast to the Thy-1 antigen of most other species, guinea pig Thy-1 has a much higher molecular weight, which is due to a more extensive N-linked glycosylation, bringing the molecular weight of the total antigen up to 36 kDa.
H antigen	decreased level	integrin		Integrins					malignancy			human	carcinoma cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9242430	Enhancement versus reduction of malignancy, associated with deletion versus induction of A/B epitopes, may be due in part to enhanced haptotaxis sustained by alpha3, alpha6, and beta1 integrin receptors, the activities of which are regulated by H or A/B glycosylation.
A/B epitopes	acquisition of structure	integrin		Integrins					malignancy			human	carcinoma cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9242430	Enhancement versus reduction of malignancy, associated with deletion versus induction of A/B epitopes, may be due in part to enhanced haptotaxis sustained by alpha3, alpha6, and beta1 integrin receptors, the activities of which are regulated by H or A/B glycosylation.
Siglec-8 glycan ligands	undetermined	Siglec-8		SIGLEC8 protein, human					allergic disease	Hypersensitivity	treatment	mouse	mast cells	Mast Cells	30577572	Ligation of Siglec-8 by specific glycan ligands or antibodies triggers eosinophil death and inhibits mast cell degranulation; consequences that could be leveraged as treatment.
N-glycan	altered level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	serum		23622526	Moreover, the lectin-based biosensor array fabricated with different lectins was used to evaluate the glycan expression of AFP N-glycan and discriminate AFP between healthy and cancer patients serum samples.
N-glycan	decreased level	sErbB3		ERBB3 protein, human|Receptor, ErbB-3				response	cancer		lapatinib	human	breast cancer cell line MCF7	Humans|Cell Line, Tumor	24097984	Results suggested that the N-glycan-deleted mutant of sErbB3 suppresses heregulin signaling via ErbB3-containing heterodimers more effectively than the wild type.
N-glycosylation	altered level	mucin-5AC		MUC5AC protein, human					pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal		human	pancreatic tumor tissue	Pancreatic Neoplasms	24471499	The study lead to the discovery of a roster of glycoproteins with aberrant N-glycosylation level associated with pancreatic cancer, including mucin-5AC (MUC5AC), carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5), insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP3), and galectin-3-binding protein (LGALS3BP).
N-glycosylation	altered level	carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5		CEACAM5 protein, human					pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal		human	pancreatic tumor tissue	Pancreatic Neoplasms	24471499	The study lead to the discovery of a roster of glycoproteins with aberrant N-glycosylation level associated with pancreatic cancer, including mucin-5AC (MUC5AC), carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5), insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP3), and galectin-3-binding protein (LGALS3BP).
N-glycosylation	altered level	insulin-like growth factor binding protein		IGFBP3 protein, human					pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal		human	pancreatic tumor tissue	Pancreatic Neoplasms	24471499	The study lead to the discovery of a roster of glycoproteins with aberrant N-glycosylation level associated with pancreatic cancer, including mucin-5AC (MUC5AC), carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5), insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP3), and galectin-3-binding protein (LGALS3BP).
N-glycosylation	altered level	galectin-3-binding protein		LGALS3BP protein, human					pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal		human	pancreatic tumor tissue	Pancreatic Neoplasms	24471499	The study lead to the discovery of a roster of glycoproteins with aberrant N-glycosylation level associated with pancreatic cancer, including mucin-5AC (MUC5AC), carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5), insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP3), and galectin-3-binding protein (LGALS3BP).
Taenia glycans	unaltered level								immune response alteration			BALB/c mouse	spleen and peritoneal exudate cells	Spleen|Peritoneum	17034862	Previously, we have reported strong Th-2 type immunomodulatory properties of Taenia crassiceps glycans.
Lewis X	unaltered level								immune response alteration			BALB/c mouse	spleen and peritoneal exudate cells	Spleen|Peritoneum	17034862	Our data show that Taenia glycans and Lewis X pentasaccharide are potent stimulators of the Th-1 type cytokine IFN-gamma.
Heparan sulfate	altered level							prognostic	acute liver injury			mouse	plasma|serum|tissues|organs		34355888	We used this method to profile the levels of HS in the plasma/serum and tissues/organs to assist the disease prognosis in two animal models, including the acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute liver injury mouse model and the burn injury mouse model.
Heparan sulfate	altered level							prognostic	burn injury			mouse	plasma|serum|tissues|organs		34355888	We used this method to profile the levels of HS in the plasma/serum and tissues/organs to assist the disease prognosis in two animal models, including the acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute liver injury mouse model and the burn injury mouse model.
Lewis X	undetermined				alpha1,3 fucosyltransferase										19805264	Lewis X (Le(x))-containing glycans play important roles in numerous cellular processes.
Tn	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	cancer		immunotherapy	MUC1.Tg mice	breast cancer cell lines	Cell Line	16207894	MUC1 glycopeptides with different densities of Tn and STn glycoforms conjugated to KLH were used as immunogens to evaluate an optimal vaccine design.
STn	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	cancer		immunotherapy	MUC1.Tg mice	breast cancer cell lines	Cell Line	16207894	MUC1 glycopeptides with different densities of Tn and STn glycoforms conjugated to KLH were used as immunogens to evaluate an optimal vaccine design.
mannose-containing O-specific polysaccharides	undetermined	langerin		CD207 protein, human					pathogen			human	Langerhans cells	Langerhans Cells	21112338	Langerin binds to an unusually diverse number of endogenous and pathogenic cell surface carbohydrates, including mannose-containing O-specific polysaccharides derived from bacterial lipopolysaccharides identified here by probing a microarray of bacterial polysaccharides.
blood group B antigen	undetermined	langerin		CD207 protein, human					pathogen			human	Langerhans cells	Langerhans Cells	21112338	Crystal structures of the carbohydrate-recognition domain from human langerin bound to a series of oligomannose compounds, the blood group B antigen, and a fragment of β-glucan reveal binding to mannose, fucose, and glucose residues by Ca(2+) coordination of vicinal hydroxyl groups with similar stereochemistry.
β-glucan	undetermined	langerin		CD207 protein, human					pathogen			human	Langerhans cells	Langerhans Cells	21112338	Crystal structures of the carbohydrate-recognition domain from human langerin bound to a series of oligomannose compounds, the blood group B antigen, and a fragment of β-glucan reveal binding to mannose, fucose, and glucose residues by Ca(2+) coordination of vicinal hydroxyl groups with similar stereochemistry.
(Man)(5)(GlcNAc)(2)	altered level	ovalbumin		Ovalbumin					oviductal sperm reservoir formation			pig	oviductal epithelium	Fallopian Tubes	11803561	Glycopeptides and enzymatically released glycans were analyzed by MS, and were shown to represent preferentially the two high mannose type glycans (Man)(5)(GlcNAc)(2) and (Man)(6)(GlcNAc)(2), and as a minor component the hybrid type glycan (Hex)(4)(GlcNAc)(5).
(Man)(6)(GlcNAc)(2)	altered level	ovalbumin		Ovalbumin					oviductal sperm reservoir formation			pig	oviductal epithelium	Fallopian Tubes	11803561	Glycopeptides and enzymatically released glycans were analyzed by MS, and were shown to represent preferentially the two high mannose type glycans (Man)(5)(GlcNAc)(2) and (Man)(6)(GlcNAc)(2), and as a minor component the hybrid type glycan (Hex)(4)(GlcNAc)(5).
(Hex)(4)(GlcNAc)(5)	altered level	ovalbumin		Ovalbumin					oviductal sperm reservoir formation			pig	oviductal epithelium	Fallopian Tubes	11803561	Glycopeptides and enzymatically released glycans were analyzed by MS, and were shown to represent preferentially the two high mannose type glycans (Man)(5)(GlcNAc)(2) and (Man)(6)(GlcNAc)(2), and as a minor component the hybrid type glycan (Hex)(4)(GlcNAc)(5).
tri-arabinans	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	breast cancer		tumour immunotherapy	MUC1.Tg mice	serum		21740504	The human epithelial mucin MUC1 is a heavily glycosylated transmembrane protein that is overexpressed and aberrantly glycosylated on over 90% of human breast cancers.
Mac-2 binding protein glycan isomer	altered level							response	metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease	Fatty Liver	pemafibrate	Humans	Liver	Liver	38777770	Pemafibrate significantly improved the levels of other hepatic enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase), lipid profiles (triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol), and hepatic fibrosis biomarkers (Mac-2 binding protein glycan isomer and Fibrosis-4 index).
monosulfated tetra-glycosyl ceramide, SM1a, Galβ1-3GalNAcβ1-4(3-O-sulfate)Galβ1-4GlcCer	increased level	mucin-type high molecular weight (>1000kDa) glycoproteins		Mucins				diagnostic	epithelial cancers			Humans	sera		21527252	Here we have carried out carbohydrate microarray analyses of one of the monoclonal antibodies, AE3, that has been regarded the 'most carcinoma specific' in respect to its ability to detect HCA in sera of patients with epithelial cancers.
sialic acid	loss of structure								Schistosoma bovis infection			Schistosoma bovis	adult worms		17055171	Using a panel of lectins and monoclonal and polyclonal anti-glycan antibodies, we observed: (i) the absence of sialic acid in S. bovis; (ii) the presence of complex-type N-glycans and LDN antennae on ES glycoproteins; (iii) the presence of glycans containing the Fucalpha1-2Galbeta motif in many TG glycoproteins, and (iv) the presence of glycans containing the Fucalpha1-3GlcNAc motif on many ES and TG glycoproteins but, simultaneously, the absence of the F-LDN(-F) glycans from both the ES and TG glycoproteins.
complex-type N-glycans	acquisition of structure	excreted/secreted glycoproteins		Glycoproteins					Schistosoma bovis infection			Schistosoma bovis	adult worms		17055171	Using a panel of lectins and monoclonal and polyclonal anti-glycan antibodies, we observed: (i) the absence of sialic acid in S. bovis; (ii) the presence of complex-type N-glycans and LDN antennae on ES glycoproteins; (iii) the presence of glycans containing the Fucalpha1-2Galbeta motif in many TG glycoproteins, and (iv) the presence of glycans containing the Fucalpha1-3GlcNAc motif on many ES and TG glycoproteins but, simultaneously, the absence of the F-LDN(-F) glycans from both the ES and TG glycoproteins.
LDN antennae	acquisition of structure	excreted/secreted glycoproteins		Glycoproteins					Schistosoma bovis infection			Schistosoma bovis	adult worms		17055171	Using a panel of lectins and monoclonal and polyclonal anti-glycan antibodies, we observed: (i) the absence of sialic acid in S. bovis; (ii) the presence of complex-type N-glycans and LDN antennae on ES glycoproteins; (iii) the presence of glycans containing the Fucalpha1-2Galbeta motif in many TG glycoproteins, and (iv) the presence of glycans containing the Fucalpha1-3GlcNAc motif on many ES and TG glycoproteins but, simultaneously, the absence of the F-LDN(-F) glycans from both the ES and TG glycoproteins.
Fucalpha1-2Galbeta motif	acquisition of structure	tegumental glycoproteins		Glycoproteins					Schistosoma bovis infection			Schistosoma bovis	adult worms		17055171	Using a panel of lectins and monoclonal and polyclonal anti-glycan antibodies, we observed: (i) the absence of sialic acid in S. bovis; (ii) the presence of complex-type N-glycans and LDN antennae on ES glycoproteins; (iii) the presence of glycans containing the Fucalpha1-2Galbeta motif in many TG glycoproteins, and (iv) the presence of glycans containing the Fucalpha1-3GlcNAc motif on many ES and TG glycoproteins but, simultaneously, the absence of the F-LDN(-F) glycans from both the ES and TG glycoproteins.
Fucalpha1-3GlcNAc motif	acquisition of structure	excreted/secreted glycoproteins|tegumental glycoproteins		Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins					Schistosoma bovis infection			Schistosoma bovis	adult worms		17055171	Using a panel of lectins and monoclonal and polyclonal anti-glycan antibodies, we observed: (i) the absence of sialic acid in S. bovis; (ii) the presence of complex-type N-glycans and LDN antennae on ES glycoproteins; (iii) the presence of glycans containing the Fucalpha1-2Galbeta motif in many TG glycoproteins, and (iv) the presence of glycans containing the Fucalpha1-3GlcNAc motif on many ES and TG glycoproteins but, simultaneously, the absence of the F-LDN(-F) glycans from both the ES and TG glycoproteins.
F-LDN(-F) glycans	loss of structure	excreted/secreted glycoproteins|tegumental glycoproteins		Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins					Schistosoma bovis infection			Schistosoma bovis	adult worms		17055171	Using a panel of lectins and monoclonal and polyclonal anti-glycan antibodies, we observed: (i) the absence of sialic acid in S. bovis; (ii) the presence of complex-type N-glycans and LDN antennae on ES glycoproteins; (iii) the presence of glycans containing the Fucalpha1-2Galbeta motif in many TG glycoproteins, and (iv) the presence of glycans containing the Fucalpha1-3GlcNAc motif on many ES and TG glycoproteins but, simultaneously, the absence of the F-LDN(-F) glycans from both the ES and TG glycoproteins.
sialic acids	undetermined	hAOC3		AOC3 protein, human				diagnostic	inflammation			human	leukocyte		27893774	By characterizing the Siglec-9-EC mutants, we could conclude that R120 in the V domain likely interacts with the terminal sialic acids of hAOC3 attached glycans whereas residues R284 and R290 in C22 are involved in the interactions with the active site channel of hAOC3.
sialic acids	undetermined	hAOC3		AOC3 protein, human				diagnostic	cancer			human	leukocyte		27893774	This interaction can be used to detect inflammation and cancer in vivo, since the labeled peptides derived from the second C2 domain (C22) of Siglec-9 specifically bind to the inflammation-inducible hAOC3.
MUC1 O-glycopeptide	undetermined	MUC1		Mucin-1											38347427	In this chapter, we will introduce an example of molecular dynamics simulations of MUC1 O-glycopeptide and its docking to anti-MUC1 antibody Fv fragment.
cell surface glycan	altered level	MUC1 protein		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	cancer		treatment	Humans	MCF-7 cells	MCF-7 Cells	27818049	This aptasensor holds great promise as a new point-of-care diagnostic tool for analyzing glycan expression on living cells and further helps cancer diagnosis and treatment.
NeuAc(alpha 2-3)Gal(beta 1-3)[NeuAc(alpha 2-6)]-GalNAc	altered level	leukosialin	SPN	Leukosialin|SPN protein, human					T cell activation			human	T lymphocytes	Leukocytes	2529107	In particular, we have shown that O-glycans of leukosialin are converted from NeuAc(alpha 2-3)Gal(beta 1-3) [NeuAc(alpha 2-6)]-GalNAc to NeuAc(alpha 2-3)Gal(beta 1-3) [NeuAc(alpha 2-3)Gal(beta 1-4)GlcNAc(beta 1-6)] GalNAc during T cell activation.
NeuAc(alpha 2-3)Gal(beta 1-3)[NeuAc(alpha 2-3)Gal(beta 1-4)GlcNAc(beta 1-6)]-GalNAc	acquisition of structure	leukosialin	SPN	Leukosialin|SPN protein, human					T cell activation			human	T lymphocytes	Leukocytes	2529107	In particular, we have shown that O-glycans of leukosialin are converted from NeuAc(alpha 2-3)Gal(beta 1-3) [NeuAc(alpha 2-6)]-GalNAc to NeuAc(alpha 2-3)Gal(beta 1-3) [NeuAc(alpha 2-3)Gal(beta 1-4)GlcNAc(beta 1-6)] GalNAc during T cell activation.
phosphatidylinositol-glycan	altered level	Ly-6E		Antigens, Ly								murine	peripheral T cells	Cells, Cultured	2796989	The Ly-6E/A protein is a murine cell surface protein expressed at high levels on activated peripheral T cells.
N-Glycosidically linked glycans	altered level	alpha 1-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins								rat			6162639	N-Glycosidically linked glycans from unfractionated alpha 1-fetoprotein were isolated and chemically characterized.
Globo H	unaltered level							diagnostic	high-grade serous ovarian cancer	Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous|Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	blood plasma		28187738	We found that anti-human Globo H IgG antibodies were able to significantly discriminate SOC from controls (P < 0.05).
heparin hexasaccharides	unaltered level	Langerin		CD207 protein, human					Birbeck granules			Humans	Langerhans cells	Humans|Langerhans Cells	28198086	The C-type lectin receptor Langerin is a glycan-binding protein that serves as an uptake receptor on Langerhans cells and is essential for the formation of Birbeck granules.
sialoglycans	increased level								cancer			mouse	breast cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	32807964	One such mechanism is an upregulation of sialoglycans in malignancy, which has been recently shown to inhibit immune cell activation through multiple mechanisms and therefore represents a targetable glycoimmune checkpoint.
sialoglycans	decreased level				sialidase		Neuraminidase		breast cancer		αHER2 antibody-sialidase conjugate	mouse	breast cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	32807964	We designed an αHER2 antibody-sialidase conjugate that potently and selectively strips diverse sialoglycans from breast cancer cells.
SLe(a)	unaltered level	MUC16|MUC1		MUC16 protein, human|MUC1 protein, human				diagnostic	adenocarcinomas			Humans	ovarian serous tumors	Ovarian Neoplasms	27003157	Our results demonstrated that, in adenocarcinomas and BOTs, the major carriers of SLe(a) and SLe(x) are MUC16 and/or MUC1 (100 and 92 % for SLe(a) and 64 and 70 % for SLe(x), respectively).
SLe(x)	unaltered level	MUC16|MUC1		MUC16 protein, human|MUC1 protein, human				diagnostic	adenocarcinomas			Humans	ovarian serous tumors	Ovarian Neoplasms	27003157	Our results demonstrated that, in adenocarcinomas and BOTs, the major carriers of SLe(a) and SLe(x) are MUC16 and/or MUC1 (100 and 92 % for SLe(a) and 64 and 70 % for SLe(x), respectively).
SLe(a)	unaltered level	MUC16|MUC1		MUC16 protein, human|MUC1 protein, human				diagnostic	borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs)			Humans	ovarian serous tumors	Ovarian Neoplasms	27003157	Our results demonstrated that, in adenocarcinomas and BOTs, the major carriers of SLe(a) and SLe(x) are MUC16 and/or MUC1 (100 and 92 % for SLe(a) and 64 and 70 % for SLe(x), respectively).
SLe(x)	unaltered level	MUC16|MUC1		MUC16 protein, human|MUC1 protein, human				diagnostic	borderline ovarian tumors (BOTs)			Humans	ovarian serous tumors	Ovarian Neoplasms	27003157	Our results demonstrated that, in adenocarcinomas and BOTs, the major carriers of SLe(a) and SLe(x) are MUC16 and/or MUC1 (100 and 92 % for SLe(a) and 64 and 70 % for SLe(x), respectively).
N-linked glycans	increased level	PD-L1	CD274	B7-H1 Antigen|CD274 protein, human	GLT1D1			predictive|prognostic	B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma	Lymphoma, B-Cell		Humans	B-cell		32157792	Analysis of clinical specimens revealed that GLT1D1 expression was positively correlated with the level of glycosylated programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in B-cell NHL and that high GLT1D1 expression was associated with poor prognosis.
α2,3-sialylated N-glycans	undetermined	transferrin										human	HepG2 cells	Hep G2 Cells	22466566	NKp44-H6, but not NKp30-H6, bound multimeric sialyl Lewis X expressing transferrin secreted by HepG2 cells (HepTF) with a K(d) of 420 nM.
glycans recognized by Wisteria floribunda agglutinin	increased level	CD166|integrin beta-1		|Glycoproteins				predictive	tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	tamoxifen treatment	human	breast cancer cells	|Breast Neoplasms	36006984	Lectin microarray analysis revealed that the membrane fractions of tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells showed increased binding to Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA) compared to tamoxifen-sensitive cells.
glucuronylated T antigen	decreased level				Drosophila β1,3-glucuronyltransferase-P		GlcAT-P protein, Drosophila|Glucuronosyltransferase		mislocalization of NMJ boutons			Drosophila	muscles	Muscles	29499182	We created dGlcAT-P null mutants and found that mutant larvae showed lower expression of glucuronylated T antigen on the muscles and at NMJs.
glucuronylated T antigen	decreased level				Drosophila β1,3-glucuronyltransferase-P		GlcAT-P protein, Drosophila|Glucuronosyltransferase		partial loss of the basement membrane components collagen IV and nidogen			Drosophila	muscles	Muscles	29499182	Furthermore, mislocalization of NMJ boutons and a partial loss of the basement membrane components collagen IV (Col IV) and nidogen (Ndg) at the muscle 6/7 boundary were observed.
glucuronylated T antigen	decreased level				Drosophila β1,3-glucuronyltransferase-P		GlcAT-P protein, Drosophila|Glucuronosyltransferase		fewer NMJ branches on muscles 6/7			Drosophila	muscles	Muscles	29499182	In addition, dGlcAT-P null mutants exhibited fewer NMJ branches on muscles 6/7.
glucuronylated T antigen	decreased level				Drosophila β1,3-glucuronyltransferase-P		GlcAT-P protein, Drosophila|Glucuronosyltransferase		ultrastructural defects in NMJ boutons			Drosophila	muscles	Muscles	29499182	We also found that the loss of dGlcAT-P expression caused ultrastructural defects in NMJ boutons.
N-glycans	altered level	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A				diagnostic	IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans	serum		35563555	Lectin microarray results showed that WFA specifically recognized N-glycans of agglutinated IgA1 in IgAN patients.
O-glycopeptides	altered level							diagnostic	bladder cancer			human	urine		30334612	Further statistical analysis reveals that three O-glycopeptides and five N-glycopeptides differed significantly in their abundance among the different cancer types, comparing to normal subjects.
O-glycopeptides	altered level							diagnostic	prostate cancer			human	urine		30334612	Further statistical analysis reveals that three O-glycopeptides and five N-glycopeptides differed significantly in their abundance among the different cancer types, comparing to normal subjects.
O-glycopeptides	altered level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer			human	urine		30334612	Further statistical analysis reveals that three O-glycopeptides and five N-glycopeptides differed significantly in their abundance among the different cancer types, comparing to normal subjects.
O-glycopeptides	altered level							diagnostic	cholangiocarcinoma			human	urine		30334612	Further statistical analysis reveals that three O-glycopeptides and five N-glycopeptides differed significantly in their abundance among the different cancer types, comparing to normal subjects.
O-glycopeptides	altered level							diagnostic	renal cell carcinoma			human	urine		30334612	Further statistical analysis reveals that three O-glycopeptides and five N-glycopeptides differed significantly in their abundance among the different cancer types, comparing to normal subjects.
N-glycopeptides	altered level							diagnostic	bladder cancer			human	urine		30334612	Further statistical analysis reveals that three O-glycopeptides and five N-glycopeptides differed significantly in their abundance among the different cancer types, comparing to normal subjects.
N-glycopeptides	altered level							diagnostic	prostate cancer			human	urine		30334612	Further statistical analysis reveals that three O-glycopeptides and five N-glycopeptides differed significantly in their abundance among the different cancer types, comparing to normal subjects.
N-glycopeptides	altered level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer			human	urine		30334612	Further statistical analysis reveals that three O-glycopeptides and five N-glycopeptides differed significantly in their abundance among the different cancer types, comparing to normal subjects.
N-glycopeptides	altered level							diagnostic	cholangiocarcinoma			human	urine		30334612	Further statistical analysis reveals that three O-glycopeptides and five N-glycopeptides differed significantly in their abundance among the different cancer types, comparing to normal subjects.
N-glycopeptides	altered level							diagnostic	renal cell carcinoma			human	urine		30334612	Further statistical analysis reveals that three O-glycopeptides and five N-glycopeptides differed significantly in their abundance among the different cancer types, comparing to normal subjects.
O-glycan	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Mice	MKN74 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9579575	These effects of MUC1 mucin over-expression in MKN74 cells were abolished by the treatment of transfectants with an inhibitor of O-glycan biosynthesis, benzyl-alpha-GalNAc.
Le(x) glycan	increased level								embryonal carcinoma	Embryonal Carcinoma Stem Cells		Mice	embryonal carcinoma cells	Embryonal Carcinoma Stem Cells	17481582	Le(x) glycan and E-cadherin (Ecad) are co-expressed at embryonal stem (ES) cells and embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells.
Le(x) glycan	increased level								embryonal stem	Embryonic Stem Cells		Mice	embryonal stem cells	Embryonic Stem Cells	17481582	Le(x) glycan and E-cadherin (Ecad) are co-expressed at embryonal stem (ES) cells and embryonal carcinoma (EC) cells.
heparins/heparan sulfates	undetermined								pathogenic bacteria			Humans|Insecta	host cell surface		32483155	Here, we identify heparins/heparan sulfates and Lewis antigens as receptors for different TcAs from insect and human pathogens.
Lewis antigens	undetermined								pathogenic bacteria			Humans|Insecta	host cell surface		32483155	Here, we identify heparins/heparan sulfates and Lewis antigens as receptors for different TcAs from insect and human pathogens.
sialyl N-acetyllactosamine	unaltered level								sperm-egg interaction			Sus scrofa	sperm	Spermatozoa	10640400	Recognition of defined carbohydrate structures by boar sperm was studied on the basis of oligosaccharide structures of porcine zona pellucida glycoproteins so far elucidated.
nonsialyl N-acetyllactosamine	unaltered level								sperm-egg interaction			Sus scrofa	sperm	Spermatozoa	10640400	Recognition of defined carbohydrate structures by boar sperm was studied on the basis of oligosaccharide structures of porcine zona pellucida glycoproteins so far elucidated.
Le(x)	unaltered level			Lewis X Antigen					sperm-egg interaction			Sus scrofa	sperm	Spermatozoa	10640400	The sperm also adhered to Le(x) oligosaccharide probe-coupled avidin-Sepharose beads.
BST-2 glycosylation	loss of structure	BST-2		BST2 protein, human					Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome	Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome		Humans	HEK293 Cells|Vero Cells	HEK293 Cells|Vero Cells	26378163	Finally, we also show that SARS-CoV ORF7a blocks the restriction activity of BST-2 by blocking the glycosylation of BST-2.
MUC5AC	increased level							diagnostic	gastric carcinoma	Stomach Neoplasms		human	gastric tissue	Gastric Mucosa	9036879	Out of 66 gastric carcinomas, 42 (63.6%) expressed MUC5AC.
MUC5AC	decreased level							diagnostic	advanced gastric carcinoma	Stomach Neoplasms		human	gastric tissue	Gastric Mucosa	9036879	A trend toward decreased immunoreactivity was observed in deep areas of advanced carcinomas in comparison with the respective superficial areas.
glycosylated serum albumin	decreased level	serum albumin		Serum Albumin				monitoring	insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1	antidiabetic therapy	Humans	serum		8314651	Eight patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 8 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) with glycosylated hemoglobin levels of at least 10.5% were studied during a 6-week period of antidiabetic therapy.
glycosylated serum albumin	decreased level	serum albumin		Serum Albumin				monitoring	non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2	antidiabetic therapy	Humans	serum		8314651	Eight patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and 8 patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) with glycosylated hemoglobin levels of at least 10.5% were studied during a 6-week period of antidiabetic therapy.
O-glycosylation	decreased level	CD46		CD46 protein, human|Membrane Cofactor Protein					multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis		human	CD4+ T cells	T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory	29066539	Furthermore, CD4+ T cells isolated from MS patients did not exhibit a CD3-stimulated reduction in the mass of CD46 and thus showed increased amounts of cell surface CD46.
N-glycolylated GM3	increased level								cancer		cancer immunotherapy	Mice	Dendritic Cells	Dendritic Cells	21324343	Of note, activation of CD4(+) and NK 1.1(+) cells abrogated NGcGM3 expression while LPS-maturated DC increased the ganglioside level at the plasma membrane.
N-glycolylated GM3	decreased level								cancer		cancer immunotherapy	Mice	CD4(+) T cells	T-Lymphocyte Subsets	21324343	Of note, activation of CD4(+) and NK 1.1(+) cells abrogated NGcGM3 expression while LPS-maturated DC increased the ganglioside level at the plasma membrane.
Tn glycoform	acquisition of structure	Mucin-1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					cancer		cancer immunotherapy	human	monocyte-derived dendritic cells		16627342	After transduction with the rAd5F35-MUC1 adenoviral vector, Mo-DC also expressed MUC1 with tumor-associated glycosylation (Tn and T glycoforms), although no changes in mRNA levels of relevant glycosyltransferases could be demonstrated.
T glycoform	acquisition of structure	Mucin-1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					cancer		cancer immunotherapy	human	monocyte-derived dendritic cells		16627342	After transduction with the rAd5F35-MUC1 adenoviral vector, Mo-DC also expressed MUC1 with tumor-associated glycosylation (Tn and T glycoforms), although no changes in mRNA levels of relevant glycosyltransferases could be demonstrated.
agalactosylated oligosaccharides	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G					arthritis		anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody	MRL-lpr/lpr mice	serum		11844062	MRL-lpr/lpr (MRL/lpr) mice spontaneously develop arthritis by an increase in the incidence of agalactosylated oligosaccharides in serum IgG, similar to rheumatoid arthritis patients.
Oligosaccharides	unaltered level	proteinase 3		Myeloblastin					Wegener's granulomatosis	Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis		Humans	neutrophil		8612734	Oligosaccharides accounted for the difference in molecular weights between recombinant (34 kDa) and neutrophil-PR3 (29 kDa).
sialyl Lewis a	acquisition of structure	CD44v6		CD44v6 antigen|Hyaluronan Receptors					pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	pancreatic cancer stem cells	Neoplastic Stem Cells	30466404	Interestingly, CD44v6 was modified with sialyl Lewis a in PCSCs.
CD4 glycan	loss of structure	CD4		CD4 Antigens					HIV	Receptors, HIV	bryostatin 1	Humans	T lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	1863603	The results of radioimmunoprecipitation analysis of detergent lysates of [35S] methionine-labeled lymphocytes strongly suggest that bryo-1 inhibits the glycosylation and expression of CD4 in a manner similar to that of tunicamycin.
N-linked glycosylation sites	undetermined	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV Infections	HIV Infections		Humans		Humans	18507530	Extensive analysis and comparison of important structural motifs such as the N-linked glycosylation sites, signal sequences, CD4-binding sites, variable loops, cleavage sites, known neutralizing antibody and small molecule inhibitor binding sites confirmed that other than the expected differences in the V3 loop, no sequence motifs distinguished between R5 and X4 tropism.
deglycosylated hCG	undetermined	hCG		Chorionic Gonadotropin					Leydig cell function			Rat	Leydig cells	Leydig Cells	11416231	These hCG derivatives include deglycosylated hCG, proteolytic digestion products of hCG and free alpha and beta subunits of the hormone.
free alpha and beta subunits of hCG	undetermined	hCG		Chorionic Gonadotropin					Leydig cell function			Rat	Leydig cells	Leydig Cells	11416231	These hCG derivatives include deglycosylated hCG, proteolytic digestion products of hCG and free alpha and beta subunits of the hormone.
Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen	unaltered level							risk	liver metastasis	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular	Blocking of this receptor prevents metastasis	Humans	hepatocytes	Humans	10754468	The Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (TF) is a pancarcinoma marker which is involved in the development of liver metastasis by binding tumour cells to the asialoglycoprotein receptor on hepatocytes.
Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen	unaltered level							response	leukaemia	Leukemia	inhibition of the adhesion of KG-1 leukaemia cells expressing TF by lactosylated liposomes	Humans	KG-1 leukaemia cells	Humans	10754468	We report on conditions for an effective inhibition of the adhesion of KG-1 leukaemia cells expressing TF by lactosylated liposomes.
glycosyl phosphatidyl inositol-linkage	unaltered level	Fc alpha Rb		Fc(alpha) receptor								Human	eosinophils|neutrophils	Eosinophils|Neutrophils	8943858	Surface expression is not affected by phosphatidyl inositol phospholipase C, indicating that glycosyl phosphatidyl inositol-linkage of Fc alpha Rb is not likely.
32 kDa glycoprotein	undetermined	MB-1		CD79A protein, human					Burkitt Lymphoma	Burkitt Lymphoma		Humans	B cell line Ramos	B-Lymphocytes|Tumor Cells, Cultured	7794818	A 32 kDa glycoprotein was identified, which is serologically related to MB-1, but has a more acidic isoelectric point (pl) and a protein backbone of 21 kDa, as compared with 25 kDa for MB-1.
myelin-associated glycoprotein	unaltered level	myelin-associated glycoprotein							Trembler-J neuropathy			mouse	Schwann cells	Schwann Cells	9151736	As expected, Western blot analysis indicates that in adult heterozygous TrJ animals, the level of PMP22 is markedly decreased, similar to myelin basic protein and protein zero, whereas myelin-associated glycoprotein is largely unaffected.
core fucosylation	increased level	immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G	α1,6-fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases|Glycoprotein 6-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase	diagnostic	systemic lupus erythematosus	Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic		Humans	sera		32843681	In the present study, we found that the level of core fucosylation catalyzed by α1,6-fucosyltransferase (Fut8) is markedly up-regulated on immunoglobulin G (IgG) in the sera of SLE patients detected by Aspergillus oryzae lectin (AOL) blot.
SIRPalpha1	undetermined	SIRPalpha1		Membrane Glycoproteins					astrocytomas	Astrocytoma		Humans	astrocytoma cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	14729615	The expressed deglycosylated protein is the same size as SIRPalpha1, but in the astrocytoma cells, it is underglycosylated compared with SIRPalpha1 produced in transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells.
EMMPRIN	altered level			BSG protein, human|Basigin					menstrual cycle	Menstrual Cycle		human	endometrium	Endometrium	14671212	These results suggest for the first time that EMMPRIN is expressed in human endometrium during the menstrual cycle and that its expression and glycosylation are augmented by progesterone.
N-glycosylation	unaltered level	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1		P-selectin ligand protein					inflammation			Humans	leukocytes	HL-60 Cells	10713099	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) is a disulfide-bonded, homodimeric mucin ( approximately 250 kDa) on leukocytes that binds to P-selectin on platelets and endothelial cells during the initial steps in inflammation.
O-linked glycosylation	undetermined	Chromogranin A		CHGA protein, human|Chromogranin A				diagnostic	carcinoid tumors	Carcinoid Tumor		Humans	urine		9852066	In 1993, large CGA-derived fragments have been shown to be excreted into the urine in patients with carcinoid tumors and the present study deals with the characterization of the post-translational modifications (phosphorylation and O-glycosylation) located along the largest natural CGA-derived fragment CGA79-439.
Hyperglycosylated hCG	undetermined	hCG		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human					choriocarcinoma	Choriocarcinoma		Humans	Jar and JEG-3 choriocarcinoma cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	22101319	Other groups studied Hyperglycosylated hCG as a promoter of choriocarcinoma and germ cell malignancies.
Hyperglycosylated hCG	undetermined	hCG		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human					germ cell malignancies	Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal		Humans	NTERA germ cell cancer line	Cell Line, Tumor	22101319	Other groups studied Hyperglycosylated hCG as a promoter of choriocarcinoma and germ cell malignancies.
fucosylated kininogen	increased level	kininogen		Kininogens				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	serum		19454616	The levels of Fc-Kin and fucosylated alpha-1-antitrypsin were significantly higher in patients with HCC compared with those with cirrhosis (P < 0.0001).
fucosylated alpha-1-antitrypsin	increased level	alpha-1-antitrypsin	SERPINA1	SERPINA1 protein, human|alpha 1-Antitrypsin				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	serum		19454616	The levels of Fc-Kin and fucosylated alpha-1-antitrypsin were significantly higher in patients with HCC compared with those with cirrhosis (P < 0.0001).
N-linked glycosylation	unaltered level	4Ig-B7H3		CD276 protein, human				diagnostic	melanoma	Neoplasms		human	FEMX-I cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	18690846	Immunoblots of whole cell lysates, subcellular fractionation and tunicamycin treatment of human tumor cells indicated that 4Ig-hB7H3 is a approximately 100-kDa N-linked glycosylated membrane protein.
N-linked glycosylation	unaltered level	4Ig-B7H3		CD276 protein, human				diagnostic	breast cancer	Neoplasms		human	MA11 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	18690846	Immunoblots of whole cell lysates, subcellular fractionation and tunicamycin treatment of human tumor cells indicated that 4Ig-hB7H3 is a approximately 100-kDa N-linked glycosylated membrane protein.
N-linked glycosylation	unaltered level	4Ig-B7H3		CD276 protein, human				diagnostic	osteosarcoma	Neoplasms		human	OHS cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	18690846	Immunoblots of whole cell lysates, subcellular fractionation and tunicamycin treatment of human tumor cells indicated that 4Ig-hB7H3 is a approximately 100-kDa N-linked glycosylated membrane protein.
glycosylation	undetermined	gp120|gp41		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|HIV Envelope Protein gp41					HIV-1	HIV-1		human			17921487	Many of these dependencies are correlated by function including CD4 binding, coreceptor binding, glycosylation, and protein-protein interaction.
sialosyl globopentaosylceramide	undetermined	laminin binding protein		Receptors, Laminin					renal cancer			human	renal cancer cell line ACHN	Cell Line, Tumor	15922307	Raft.2, one of these monoclonal antibodies, recognizes sialosyl globopentaosylceramide, which has the stage-specific embryonic antigen (SSEA)-4 epitope.
Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein	undetermined	Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein		Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein					Multiple Sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis		Humans	Brain	Brain	15184588	Anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies in multiple sclerosis.
N-linked oligosaccharides	loss of structure	anti-T cell immunotoxin, DT390-scFvUCHT1		Immunotoxins					loss of toxicity			hamster	CHO K1 RE1.22c	CHO Cells	10873546	Removal of the N-linked oligosaccharides by N-glycosidase F treatment or mutations at the two N-linked glycosylation sites results in a highly active immunotoxin with an IC(50) of 4 x 10(-12) M toward CD3(+) Jurkat cells.
B chain glycosylation	loss of structure	anti-T cell immunotoxin, DT390-scFvUCHT1		Immunotoxins					loss of toxicity			hamster	CHO K1 RE1.22c	CHO Cells	10873546	A single Asn(235) Ala mutation that removed the B chain glycosylation was nearly as toxic as the double mutant.
glycated fibronectin	undetermined	fibronectin		Fibronectins				diagnostic	Neovascularization, Pathologic	Neovascularization, Pathologic		Humans	blood vessels		10196121	Epitope mapping with 82 decapeptides that span the ED-B sequence revealed that three ED-B-specific monoclonal antibodies, which selectively target newly forming blood vessels in tumor-bearing mice, bind to adjacent regions on the ED-B surface.
fully glycosylated molecules	unaltered level	haemagglutinin		hemagglutinin protein G, measles virus					Measles	Measles virus		Measles virus	RK13 cells	Cell Line	7527839	Using a variety of inhibitors the production of sHA was shown to be a late event, probably occurring at the membrane; only fully glycosylated molecules were found in sHA.
Tn	unaltered level								cancer	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate|Cancer Vaccines	anticancer vaccine				19746915	Multiple copies of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens, Tn and STn, were assembled on a single cyclic peptide scaffold in a highly convergent manner.
STn	unaltered level								cancer	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate|Cancer Vaccines	anticancer vaccine				19746915	Multiple copies of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens, Tn and STn, were assembled on a single cyclic peptide scaffold in a highly convergent manner.
sialylation	increased level							prognostic	uveal melanoma			Humans	tumor	Neoplasms	37801920	Sialylation pathway scores differed according to the type of tumor, where the poor prognosis was correlated with high sialylation pathway scores in uveal melanoma (UVM) and pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD).
sialylation	increased level							prognostic	pancreatic adenocarcinoma			Humans	tumor	Neoplasms	37801920	Sialylation pathway scores differed according to the type of tumor, where the poor prognosis was correlated with high sialylation pathway scores in uveal melanoma (UVM) and pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD).
sialylation	increased level							predictive	cancer	Neoplasms	immunotherapy	Humans	tumor	Neoplasms	37801920	Finally, patients with high sialylation pathway scores were more sensitive to immunotherapy.
outer arm fucose residues on the N-glycans	acquisition of structure	Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1		TIMP1 protein, human|Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1	FUT4|FUT7		FUT4 protein, human|FUT7 protein, human		reduced activity of TIMP-1			Human	HEK 293 cells	HEK293 Cells	23815085	Further analyses showed that cleavage of outer arm fucose residues from the N-glycans of 293 TIMP-1 or knockdown of both FUT4 and FUT7 (which encode for fucosyltransferases that add outer arm fucose residues to N-glycans) enhanced the MMP-binding and catalytic abilities of 293 TIMP-1, bringing them up to the levels of the other TIMP-1.
glycoforms	altered level	prostate specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	disease			Humans	LNCAP cells	Cell Line, Tumor	21133419	Antibody-overlay lectin microarray (ALM) has been used for targeted glycan profiling to identify disease-related protein glycoforms.
glycoforms	altered level	prostate specific membrane antigen						diagnostic	disease			Humans	LNCAP cells	Cell Line, Tumor	21133419	We also established the glycan profile of prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) using the TSA and ALM.
N-glycome	altered level							diagnostic	risk drinking	Alcohol Drinking|Alcoholism		Humans	serum		35204742	Risk drinking is associated with significant variations in the serum N-glycome, which highlights its potential diagnostic utility.
AOL/DSA	acquisition of structure	alpha1-acid glycoprotein						monitoring	liver fibrosis			Humans	serum		21645500	We evaluated an automated triplex lectin-antibody sandwich immunoassay assisted by an automated protein purification system (ED-01) and a bedside clinical chemistry analyzer (HISCL) for the acquisition of two glyco-parameters (AOL/DSA and MAL/DSA) derived from a fibrosis-related glyco-alteration of serum alpha1-acid glycoprotein (AGP).
MAL/DSA	acquisition of structure	alpha1-acid glycoprotein						monitoring	liver fibrosis			Humans	serum		21645500	We evaluated an automated triplex lectin-antibody sandwich immunoassay assisted by an automated protein purification system (ED-01) and a bedside clinical chemistry analyzer (HISCL) for the acquisition of two glyco-parameters (AOL/DSA and MAL/DSA) derived from a fibrosis-related glyco-alteration of serum alpha1-acid glycoprotein (AGP).
GlcNAcβ	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	fibrosis			Humans	serum		30627223	The anti-GlcNAcβ IgG level was significantly higher in patients with fibrosis (P = 0.021) and severe portal inflammation (P < 0.001) regardless of other clinical parameters.
GA2	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				predictive	nonsustained viral response	Sustained Virologic Response	Peg-IFN/RBV treatment	Humans	serum		30627223	The level of anti-GA2 Abs before Peg-IFN/RBV treatment was significantly higher in nonsustained viral response (non-SVR) to treatment than in SVR (P = 0.033).
Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi)	decreased level	Mac-2 binding protein		LGALS3BP protein, human				diagnostic|predictive	liver fibrosis	Liver Cirrhosis	direct-acting antivirals (DAAs)	Human	serum		32550761	Recently, serum Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) was identified as a non-invasive marker of liver fibrosis.
alpha2,6-linked sialic acid	increased level	CD11b|CD18		CD11 Antigens|	alpha2,6-sialyltransferase		beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase		myeloid cell release from the bone marrow			Humans	bone marrow myeloid cells	Bone Marrow Cells	10228950	Our data show that there is a dramatic increase in cell surface alpha2,6-sialylation during the late stage of maturation.
H type-1 glycan	altered level							risk	teratoma	Teratoma		human	pluripotent stem cells	Pluripotent Stem Cells	21841799	We raised a monoclonal antibody against hESCs, designated anti-stage-specific embryonic antigen (SSEA)-5, which binds a previously unidentified antigen highly and specifically expressed on hPSCs--the H type-1 glycan.
GSTA glycosite-signature epitope	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				predictive	non-small cell lung cancer	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung|Lung Neoplasms	antibody-drug conjugate	human	tumor and peritumoral tissue	Tissue Distribution	33084221	Previous studies have assessed the aberrantly glycosylated tandem repeat region of MUC1 glycoprotein as three site-specific glycosylated neoantigen peptide motifs (PDTR, GSTA, and GVTS) for binding with a monoclonal antibody.
sialyl LewisX	unaltered level	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1		Sialyl Lewis X Antigen					inflammatory diseases		blockade of P-selectin/PSGL-1 interactions				29638128	Recent evidence suggests that the blockade of P-selectin/PSGL-1 interactions provides a viable therapeutic option for the treatment of many inflammatory diseases.
Galα1-3Galβ1-(3)4GlcNAc-R (α-Gal)	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	alpha-gal syndrome	Food Hypersensitivity		Amblyomma americanum|Ixodes holocyclus	saliva	Saliva	34904495	Ticks are obligate hematophagous arthropods that synthesize the glycan Galα1-3Galβ1-(3)4GlcNAc-R (α-Gal) associated with the alpha-gal syndrome (AGS) or allergy to mammalian meat consumption.
single-N-linked glycan chain	acquisition of structure	PD-1		Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor				diagnostic|response	Neoplasms	Neoplasms	therapeutic agent	Humans	T-Lymphocytes	Humans|T-Lymphocytes	36897183	Here, we used bacterial display-based high-throughput directed evolution to successfully isolate glycan-controlled (aglycosylated or only single-N-linked glycosylated) human PD-1 variants exhibiting over 1000-fold increased hPD-L1 binding affinity compared to that of wild-type hPD-1.
aglycosylated	loss of structure	PD-1		Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor				diagnostic|response	Neoplasms	Neoplasms	therapeutic agent	Humans	T-Lymphocytes	Humans|T-Lymphocytes	36897183	Here, we used bacterial display-based high-throughput directed evolution to successfully isolate glycan-controlled (aglycosylated or only single-N-linked glycosylated) human PD-1 variants exhibiting over 1000-fold increased hPD-L1 binding affinity compared to that of wild-type hPD-1.
anti-laminaribioside carbohydrate	undetermined							prognostic	penetrating disease			Humans	intestinal mucosa	Humans	19786742	The major serologic markers used: anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA), anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), outer membrane porin C (OmpC), CBir1-flagellin, antibodies against I2 protein and the anti-glycan antibodies: anti-laminaribioside carbohydrate (ALCA), anti-chitobioside carbohydrate (ACCA) and anti-mannobioside carbohydrate (AMCA) and their associations with penetrating and fibrostenotic disease shall be discussed.
anti-laminaribioside carbohydrate	undetermined							prognostic	fibrostenotic disease	Constriction, Pathologic		Humans	intestinal mucosa	Humans	19786742	The major serologic markers used: anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA), anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), outer membrane porin C (OmpC), CBir1-flagellin, antibodies against I2 protein and the anti-glycan antibodies: anti-laminaribioside carbohydrate (ALCA), anti-chitobioside carbohydrate (ACCA) and anti-mannobioside carbohydrate (AMCA) and their associations with penetrating and fibrostenotic disease shall be discussed.
anti-chitobioside carbohydrate	undetermined							prognostic	penetrating disease			Humans	intestinal mucosa	Humans	19786742	The major serologic markers used: anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA), anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), outer membrane porin C (OmpC), CBir1-flagellin, antibodies against I2 protein and the anti-glycan antibodies: anti-laminaribioside carbohydrate (ALCA), anti-chitobioside carbohydrate (ACCA) and anti-mannobioside carbohydrate (AMCA) and their associations with penetrating and fibrostenotic disease shall be discussed.
anti-chitobioside carbohydrate	undetermined							prognostic	fibrostenotic disease	Constriction, Pathologic		Humans	intestinal mucosa	Humans	19786742	The major serologic markers used: anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA), anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), outer membrane porin C (OmpC), CBir1-flagellin, antibodies against I2 protein and the anti-glycan antibodies: anti-laminaribioside carbohydrate (ALCA), anti-chitobioside carbohydrate (ACCA) and anti-mannobioside carbohydrate (AMCA) and their associations with penetrating and fibrostenotic disease shall be discussed.
anti-mannobioside carbohydrate	undetermined							prognostic	penetrating disease			Humans	intestinal mucosa	Humans	19786742	The major serologic markers used: anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA), anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), outer membrane porin C (OmpC), CBir1-flagellin, antibodies against I2 protein and the anti-glycan antibodies: anti-laminaribioside carbohydrate (ALCA), anti-chitobioside carbohydrate (ACCA) and anti-mannobioside carbohydrate (AMCA) and their associations with penetrating and fibrostenotic disease shall be discussed.
anti-mannobioside carbohydrate	undetermined							prognostic	fibrostenotic disease	Constriction, Pathologic		Humans	intestinal mucosa	Humans	19786742	The major serologic markers used: anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA), anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), outer membrane porin C (OmpC), CBir1-flagellin, antibodies against I2 protein and the anti-glycan antibodies: anti-laminaribioside carbohydrate (ALCA), anti-chitobioside carbohydrate (ACCA) and anti-mannobioside carbohydrate (AMCA) and their associations with penetrating and fibrostenotic disease shall be discussed.
O-linked glycans	unaltered level	human chorionic gonadotropin		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human				diagnostic	cancers		cancer vaccines	human			24806200	In addition, the role of hCG as a tumor marker in a variety of cancers has also attracted significant interest for the development of cancer vaccines.
CD15/Lewisx	unaltered level	CD98hc|intercellular adhesion molecule-1|DEC-205		Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins				diagnostic	Hodgkin's lymphoma	Hodgkin Disease		Humans	Reed-Sternberg cells	Reed-Sternberg Cells	21435201	The Lewisx trisaccharide, also referred to as the CD15 antigen, is a diagnostic marker used to distinguish Hodgkin's lymphoma from other lymphocytic cancers.
Tn antigen	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1								Humans	submandibular gland|vestibular folds|soft palate	Submandibular Gland|Palate, Soft	20800830	Autopsies of the submandibular gland, the vestibular folds and the soft palate from 65-87 old humans were examined to record the immunohistochemical expression of MUC1 and the simple mucin-type antigens Tn and Sialyl-Tn.
Sialyl-Tn antigen	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1								Humans	submandibular gland|vestibular folds|soft palate	Submandibular Gland|Palate, Soft	20800830	Autopsies of the submandibular gland, the vestibular folds and the soft palate from 65-87 old humans were examined to record the immunohistochemical expression of MUC1 and the simple mucin-type antigens Tn and Sialyl-Tn.
glycan	increased level	HER-II		Biomarkers, Tumor				diagnostic	breast cancer	Neoplasms			serum	blood serum	36177970	The results showed detection of glycoprotein content at different laser powers including a rise in amino acid and glycan content with varying results at higher power.
N-glycans	unaltered level	IgG|transferrin		Immunoglobulin G|											21366235	In addition, we used cotton HILIC microtips to purify N-glycans after N-glycosidase F treatment of IgG and transferrin followed by MALDI-TOF-MS detection.
sialylated and sulphated glycans	unaltered level	siglec-F		Siglecf protein, mouse					allergic eosinophilic airway inflammation	Respiratory Hypersensitivity		mouse	lung tissue		24698729	Expression of siglec-F ligands in lung tissues was similar in both models of allergen induced inflammation.
disaccharide	unaltered level	CD52		CD52 Antigen											18789797	Circular dichroism studies of the synthetic targets showed that they exist as random coils in solution, and no significant change in secondary structure was observed when the CD52 peptide was either acetylated at the N-terminus or glycosylated at the Asn(3) residue with a disaccharide or a fucose-containing branched trisaccharide.
fucose-containing branched trisaccharide	unaltered level	CD52		CD52 Antigen											18789797	Circular dichroism studies of the synthetic targets showed that they exist as random coils in solution, and no significant change in secondary structure was observed when the CD52 peptide was either acetylated at the N-terminus or glycosylated at the Asn(3) residue with a disaccharide or a fucose-containing branched trisaccharide.
disialylated O-glycan tetrasaccharides	acquisition of structure	CD43		Leukosialin				response	leukemia		immune checkpoint blockade therapy	human	leukemia cells	Cell Line, Tumor	33495350	Further work identified a specific N-terminal glycopeptide region of CD43 containing clusters of disialylated O-glycan tetrasaccharides that form specific Siglec-7 binding motifs.
Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen	increased level				St3gal1		Sialyltransferases|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		Immune thrombocytopenia	Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic		Human	plasma		34324649	Our analysis of pediatric ITP plasma samples showed increased anti-Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (TF antigen) antibody representation, suggesting increased exposure of the typically sialylated and cryptic TF antigen in these patients.
Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen	increased level				St3gal1		Sialyltransferases|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		thrombocytopenia			Mouse	megakaryocytes	Megakaryocytes	34324649	TF antigen exposure was restricted to MKs and resulted in thrombocytopenia.
asparagine-linked glycan	undetermined	MD-1		Membrane Glycoproteins					bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) response			bovine			21857663	Another unusual interaction is mediated by an RP105-specific asparagine-linked glycan, which wedges MD-1 into the co-receptor binding concavity on RP105.
elongated glycans	increased level							diagnostic	neuroendocrine tumor	Neuroendocrine Tumors		Humans	rectum		36229592	Results showed greater physisorption with beeswax than that of paraplast, suggesting highly populated elongated glycans of glycoconjugates adhering onto the tumor surfaces of NETs than that of adjacent benign mucosa in the rectum and colon.
elongated glycans	increased level							diagnostic	neuroendocrine tumor	Neuroendocrine Tumors		Humans	colon	Intestinal Neoplasms	36229592	Results showed greater physisorption with beeswax than that of paraplast, suggesting highly populated elongated glycans of glycoconjugates adhering onto the tumor surfaces of NETs than that of adjacent benign mucosa in the rectum and colon.
elongated glycans	increased level							diagnostic	neuroendocrine tumor	Neuroendocrine Tumors		Humans	stomach	Stomach Neoplasms	36229592	Besides, the WPK results of gastric NEN tissue sections showed a higher infrared absorbance ratio of beeswax-remnant to paraplast-remnant remains onto the tissue sections referring to a higher population of elongated glycans in gastric NET as compared with that of gastric NEC.
sialic acid residues	loss of structure	Toll-Like Receptor 2		TLR2 protein, human|Toll-Like Receptor 2					bacterial infections			human|murine	neutrophils|monocytes	Neutrophils|Monocytes	22714643	The SSL3-TLR2 interaction is partially glycan dependent as binding of SSL3 to TLR2 is affected upon removal of sialic acid residues.
core 2 O-glycan	loss of structure				core 2 beta1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (C2GnT-I)		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase		T-lymphoma	Lymphoma, T-Cell		Humans	T cells	Humans	16778138	HH cells demonstrate altered cell surface glycosylation, with loss of core 2 O-glycan ligands for galectin-1 created by core 2 beta1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (C2GnT-I).
triantennary/biantennary chains	decreased ratio	Thy-1 antigen		Thy-1 Antigens					normal differentiation of T-lymphocytes			mouse	thymocytes and lymph-node T-lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	2859851	The ratio of triantennary/biantennary chains was decreased on Thy-1 of mature cells compared with that of immature cells, but instead more sialic acid was present on these chains.
sialic acid	increased level	Thy-1 antigen		Thy-1 Antigens					normal differentiation of T-lymphocytes			mouse	thymocytes and lymph-node T-lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	2859851	The ratio of triantennary/biantennary chains was decreased on Thy-1 of mature cells compared with that of immature cells, but instead more sialic acid was present on these chains.
high mannose glycans	altered level	CA125		CA-125 Antigen				diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial|Ovarian Neoplasms		Human	serum	Humans	21901274	Both purified antigen cCA125 and hCA125 showed a high molecular mass (> 2,000 kDa) with high mannose glycans.
Tn antigen	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1				response	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms	anti-MUC1 and tiliroside	Humans	AGS gastric cancer cells	Humans	37685842	The combined action of anti-MUC1 and tiliroside was more effective in comparison with monotherapy in the case of C1GalT1, ST3GalT1, FUT4, Gal-3, NF-κB, Akt mRNAs, and Tn antigen, as well as sialyl T antigen expression.
sialyl T antigen	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1				response	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms	anti-MUC1 and tiliroside	Humans	AGS gastric cancer cells	Humans	37685842	The combined action of anti-MUC1 and tiliroside was more effective in comparison with monotherapy in the case of C1GalT1, ST3GalT1, FUT4, Gal-3, NF-κB, Akt mRNAs, and Tn antigen, as well as sialyl T antigen expression.
fucosylated Thomsen-Friedenreich(TF) antigen glycans	increased level							diagnostic	leukaemia			Humans	Molt-4 cells	Cells, Cultured	31900725	Treatment of membrane receptors with glycosidases prior to lectin probing, revealed that fucosylated Thomsen-Friedenreich(TF) antigen glycans are increasingly expressed on transformed Molt-4 leukemic cells compared to other cells.
sialylated epitope	increased level				ST6GAL1		ST6GAL1 protein, human	diagnostic	bladder cancer	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		human	cancer tissues		35789385	Additionally, we utilized the well-validated ST6GAL1 antibody to determine that ST6GAL1 is overexpressed in bladder cancer, a finding that contradicts prior studies which employed LN1 to suggest ST6GAL1 is downregulated in bladder cancer.
sialylated glycans	altered level	CD11b/CD18		CD11b Antigen|CD18 Antigens	sialidase		Neuraminidase		inflammatory mucosal diseases				intestinal epithelium	Intestinal Mucosa	36719745	Here we demonstrate that inhibiting sialidase-mediated removal of α2-3-linked Sia from CD11b/CD18 inhibits PMN migration across intestinal epithelium in vitro and in vivo.
SSEA-4	unaltered level							diagnostic|response	cancer	Neoplasms	ch28/11 antibody	Humans	cancer cells	Neoplasms	31831622	Stage-specific embryonic antigen-4 (SSEA-4) is one such glycolipid target expressed in many cancers, including breast and ovarian carcinomas.
terminal sialic acid of SSEA-4	unaltered level							diagnostic|response	cancer	Neoplasms	ch28/11 antibody	Humans	cancer cells	Neoplasms	31831622	Moreover, we found that the terminal sialic acid of SSEA-4 plays a dominant role in dictating the exquisite specificity of the ch28/11 antibody.
fucosylated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP-L3)	increased level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins	α1-6 Fucosyltransferase	FUT8		diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	Hep G2 Cells	Humans|Hep G2 Cells	37108200	Fucosylated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP-L3) is a specific biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma.
fucosylated alpha-1 antitrypsin	increased level	alpha-1 antitrypsin			α1-6 Fucosyltransferase	FUT8		diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	Hep G2 Cells	Humans|Hep G2 Cells	37108200	Expectedly, the knockout of the VIP36 gene in HepG2 cells suppressed the secretion of AFP-L3 and other fucosylated proteins, such as fucosylated alpha-1 antitrypsin, into bile duct-like structures.
sialyl Lewis x	acquisition of structure	L-selectin		L-Selectin				response	Kidney transplant rejection	Graft Rejection		Rats	peritubular capillary endothelium	Capillaries	8991511	During rejection, PTCE begins to express sialyl Lewis x de novo, and binds lymphocytes by a mechanism largely dependent on L-selectin.
fucosylated, non-galactosylated, non-sialylated, bisecting IgG N-glycans	unaltered level	IgG						predictive	HIV rebound		vesatolimod	Humans	plasma		38979421	With few exceptions, baseline fucosylated, non-galactosylated, non-sialylated, bisecting IgG N-glycans were associated with shorter time to HIV rebound and duration of control as with previous studies.
multiply-galactosylated glycans	unaltered level							predictive	HIV rebound		vesatolimod	Humans	plasma		38979421	Baseline plasma MPA and HPA binding glycans and non-galactosylated/non-sialylated glycans were associated with longer time to HIV rebound, while baseline multiply-galactosylated glycans and sialylated glycans, GNA-binding glycans, NPA-binding glycans, WGA-binding glycans, and bisecting GlcNAc glycans were associated with shorter time to HIV rebound and duration of control.
sialylated glycans	unaltered level							predictive	HIV rebound		vesatolimod	Humans	plasma		38979421	Baseline plasma MPA and HPA binding glycans and non-galactosylated/non-sialylated glycans were associated with longer time to HIV rebound, while baseline multiply-galactosylated glycans and sialylated glycans, GNA-binding glycans, NPA-binding glycans, WGA-binding glycans, and bisecting GlcNAc glycans were associated with shorter time to HIV rebound and duration of control.
GNA-binding glycans	unaltered level							predictive	HIV rebound		vesatolimod	Humans	plasma		38979421	Baseline plasma MPA and HPA binding glycans and non-galactosylated/non-sialylated glycans were associated with longer time to HIV rebound, while baseline multiply-galactosylated glycans and sialylated glycans, GNA-binding glycans, NPA-binding glycans, WGA-binding glycans, and bisecting GlcNAc glycans were associated with shorter time to HIV rebound and duration of control.
NPA-binding glycans	unaltered level							predictive	HIV rebound		vesatolimod	Humans	plasma		38979421	Baseline plasma MPA and HPA binding glycans and non-galactosylated/non-sialylated glycans were associated with longer time to HIV rebound, while baseline multiply-galactosylated glycans and sialylated glycans, GNA-binding glycans, NPA-binding glycans, WGA-binding glycans, and bisecting GlcNAc glycans were associated with shorter time to HIV rebound and duration of control.
WGA-binding glycans	unaltered level							predictive	HIV rebound		vesatolimod	Humans	plasma		38979421	Baseline plasma MPA and HPA binding glycans and non-galactosylated/non-sialylated glycans were associated with longer time to HIV rebound, while baseline multiply-galactosylated glycans and sialylated glycans, GNA-binding glycans, NPA-binding glycans, WGA-binding glycans, and bisecting GlcNAc glycans were associated with shorter time to HIV rebound and duration of control.
bisecting GlcNAc glycans	unaltered level							predictive	HIV rebound		vesatolimod	Humans	plasma		38979421	Baseline plasma MPA and HPA binding glycans and non-galactosylated/non-sialylated glycans were associated with longer time to HIV rebound, while baseline multiply-galactosylated glycans and sialylated glycans, GNA-binding glycans, NPA-binding glycans, WGA-binding glycans, and bisecting GlcNAc glycans were associated with shorter time to HIV rebound and duration of control.
N-linked complex glycans	loss of structure	aminopeptidase N		Aminopeptidases	Endoglycosidase F		Mannosyl-Glycoprotein Endo-beta-N-Acetylglucosaminidase		blood group A	ABO Blood-Group System		rabbit	intestinal brush-border membrane	Intestines	2578983	Endoglycosidase F was used to eliminate the N-linked complex glycans from intestinal aminopeptidase N.
O-linked oligosaccharides	unaltered level	aminopeptidase N		Aminopeptidases					blood group A	ABO Blood-Group System		rabbit	intestinal brush-border membrane	Intestines	2578983	The glycans which were probably O-linked remaining after the endoglycosidase F treatment exhibited the human blood group A and H determinants expressed in enzymes from A+ or A- rabbits, respectively.
sialyl Lewis x	acquisition of structure	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1		P-selectin ligand protein	alpha1-3-fucosyltransferases				human granulocytic ehrlichiosis			Humans	neutrophils		12847092	Colonization of neutrophils by the bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum causes the disease human granulocytic ehrlichiosis.
sialyl Lewis x	acquisition of structure				alpha1-3-fucosyltransferases				Anaplasma phagocytophilum infection	Anaplasma phagocytophilum		Mice	neutrophils		12847092	Binding of A. phagocytophilum to murine neutrophils, however, requires expression of alpha1-3-fucosyltransferases but not PSGL-1.
sulfated sialoglycan	unaltered level	Siglec-8		SIGLEC8 protein, human					eosinophil apoptosis			human	eosinophils	Eosinophils	28888781	After cytokine priming, Siglec-8 mAb or glycan ligand binding causes eosinophil apoptosis associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS) production.
fucosylated triantennary sugar chain	acquisition of structure	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins					hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	liver	Liver Neoplasms	7679920	The Con A-nonreactive and LCA-nonreactive species contained a fucosylated triantennary sugar chain as a major component, and two minor components: a triantennary sugar chain and a biantennary sugar chain with a bisecting-N-acetylglucosamine residue at the trimannosyl core.
non-fucosylated triantennary sugar chain	acquisition of structure	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins					hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	liver	Liver Neoplasms	7679920	Thus, the fucosylated and non-fucosylated triantennary sugar chains were newly identified in human AFP.
glucomannan	unaltered level							diagnostic|monitoring	vulvovaginal candidiasis	Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal	antimycotic therapy	Candida utilis	sera		34826687	The study evaluates applicability of glucomannan as serodiagnostic antigen and as a trigger of antigen-specific IgG, IgM and IgA antibody isotypes in the cohort of 35 atopic female subjects with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis.
Glc(alpha1,4)Glc(alpha) (GAGA4)	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic|risk	relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting		Humans	serum		19324980	We investigated whether levels of IgM antibodies to Glc(alpha1,4)Glc(alpha) (GAGA4) or to a panel of four glucose-based glycans could differentiate MS from other neurological diseases (OND) or predict risk of early relapse following first presentation (FP) of RRMS.
glucose-based glycans	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic|risk	relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting		Humans	serum		19324980	We investigated whether levels of IgM antibodies to Glc(alpha1,4)Glc(alpha) (GAGA4) or to a panel of four glucose-based glycans could differentiate MS from other neurological diseases (OND) or predict risk of early relapse following first presentation (FP) of RRMS.
carbohydrate moieties	undetermined								identification of specific cell surface molecule						22847935	The main objective of this database platform is to provide information about interactions of carbohydrate moieties with proteins that are important for identification of specific cell surface molecule with a focus on the integration of data from carbohydrate microarray databases.
maltohexaose	undetermined	β-lactoglobulin		Lactoglobulins				diagnostic	allergenicity			human	milk	Milk, Human	28808998	This section provides the protocol for the determination of the complex formed by standard β-lactoglobulin (BLG) with maltohexaose (Glc<sub>6</sub>) and recommends as a concrete application the study of the interaction between BLG extracted from human milk with Glc<sub>6</sub>, considered a ligand able to reduce the allergenicity of this protein.
GM1	undetermined	B subunit of cholera toxin		Cholera Toxin				diagnostic	undetermined			human	brain	Brain	28808998	The second part is dedicated to presenting the protocols for the binding assay followed by chip-nanoESI ion trap (ITMS) and electron transfer dissociation (ETD) in combination with CID for protein-ganglioside interactions, using as an example the B subunit of cholera toxin (Ctb5) in interaction with comercially available GM1 species.
fuco-fractions	altered level	alpha-fetoprotein|hemopexin|alpha-2-macroglobulin		|Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		25525205	This analytical method was applied to an in vitro diagnostic multivariate index assay where a panel of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) biomarkers comprising alpha-fetoprotein, hemopexin, and alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M) was examined in terms of the serum level and their fuco-fractions.
tri-antennary glycan	increased level				Mgat4a		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases	monitoring	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		mouse	serum		20524982	In comparison with the control mice that received the same volume of saline, a tri-antennary glycan (peak 8) and a biantennary glycan (peak 4) in serum total glycans of DENA mice increased gradually but significantly during progression of liver cancer, whereas a core-fucosylated biantennary glycan (peak 6) decreased.
biantennary glycan	increased level							monitoring	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		mouse	serum		20524982	In comparison with the control mice that received the same volume of saline, a tri-antennary glycan (peak 8) and a biantennary glycan (peak 4) in serum total glycans of DENA mice increased gradually but significantly during progression of liver cancer, whereas a core-fucosylated biantennary glycan (peak 6) decreased.
core-fucosylated biantennary glycan	decreased level				Fut8		Fucosyltransferases	monitoring	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		mouse	serum		20524982	In comparison with the control mice that received the same volume of saline, a tri-antennary glycan (peak 8) and a biantennary glycan (peak 4) in serum total glycans of DENA mice increased gradually but significantly during progression of liver cancer, whereas a core-fucosylated biantennary glycan (peak 6) decreased.
glycans	altered level	ICAM-3		ICAM3 protein, human											15728350	Variation in composition of glycans on the periphery of the interfaces influences on-rate.
MUC1 glycopeptide	altered level	Mucin-1		Mucin-1					tumor		antitumor vaccines	Humans	tumor cells		23616304	P30-conjugated glycopeptide vaccines containing three glycans in the immunodominant motifs PDTRP and GSTAP induced much stronger immune responses and complement dependent cytotoxicity mediated killing of tumor cells when applied in plain PBS solution without complete Freund's adjuvant.
sialyl-Tn antigen	undetermined	mucin-like glycoproteins		Glycoproteins|Mucins					tumor			boar	seminal gel	Semen	34160580	Sialyl-Tn antigen, a tumor antigen, is a valuable ligand for the purification of proteins that specifically bind to it.
GlcNH2/Man ratio	increased ratio							diagnostic	any breastfeeding			Humans	infant urine	Humans|Infant	31216094	"In a further blind experiment, the GlcNH2/Man ratio with a cut-off of 1.5 correctly identified all those receiving ""any breast milk,"" while excluding exclusively formula fed infants."
N-linked glycans	altered level	CD63		Antigens, CD					Downregulation of CXCR4	Down-Regulation			Golgi apparatus	Golgi Apparatus	19903263	Furthermore, the downregulation and interaction were clearly attenuated by alternation of all three N-linked glycosylation sites in CD63.
N-glycolylneuraminic acid	increased level							diagnostic|monitoring	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	serum		35346112	Analysis of sera from breast cancer cases revealed significantly elevated levels of Neu5Gc biomarkers at all stages of breast cancer.
glycans terminated with galactose residues	acquisition of structure	Mucin 21	Muc21	Mucin-1|Mucins				diagnostic	mammary carcinoma			mouse	TA3-Ha cells		35743163	mAb 1A4-1 recognized Muc21 carrying glycans terminated with galactose residues, whereas mAb 18A11 recognized Muc21 carrying sialylated glycans.
sialylated glycans	acquisition of structure	Mucin 21	Muc21	Mucin-1|Mucins				diagnostic	mammary carcinoma			mouse	TA3-Ha cells		35743163	mAb 1A4-1 recognized Muc21 carrying glycans terminated with galactose residues, whereas mAb 18A11 recognized Muc21 carrying sialylated glycans.
T antigen	increased level	MUC5B		MUC5B protein, human|Mucin-5B					Menstrual Cycle	Menstrual Cycle		Humans	Cervix Mucus	Cervix Mucus	12466366	The amounts of T antigen and N-acetyllactosamine oligosaccharides on MUC5B increased during the first half of the cycle, peaked at midcycle, and dramatically dropped at the end of the cycle.
N-acetyllactosamine	increased level	MUC5B		MUC5B protein, human|Mucin-5B					Menstrual Cycle	Menstrual Cycle		Humans	Cervix Mucus	Cervix Mucus	12466366	The amounts of T antigen and N-acetyllactosamine oligosaccharides on MUC5B increased during the first half of the cycle, peaked at midcycle, and dramatically dropped at the end of the cycle.
LCA-binding oligosaccharides	unaltered level	alpha-foetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins					Carcinoma, Hepatocellular	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans			2434121	These findings show that the epitope recognised by 18H4 is distinct from the glycan sequence that is reactive with LCA.
linear poly-N-acetyllactosamine	increased level				β3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 5		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases	diagnostic	immunosuppressive effects			Humans	umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells	Fetal Blood|Mesenchymal Stem Cells	21933024	We have now studied in detail the cell surface expression of the blood group i epitope (linear poly-N-acetyllactosamine chain) in umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived MSCs.
mannose	unaltered level								developmental stages			Xenopus embryos	primordial germ cells	Germ Cells	16721733	The results showed that for both lectins: (1) the PGCs and other surrounding tissue showed a similar binding pattern, and (2) the staining in the PGCs was similar in the developmental stages studied.
glycans	undetermined								health-disease continuum				gastrointestinal (GI) tract	Intestines	23009651	Products from diverse structural classes were identified including cholesterol-derived lipids, glycans, and polar metabolites.
alpha(2,8)-linked disialic acid	unaltered level	Siglec-7		SIGLEC7 protein, human								Human	natural killer cells	Humans	12438315	The unique preference of Siglec-7 for alpha(2,8)-linked disialic acid is likely to reside in the C-C' loop, which is variable in the Siglec family.
N-linked glycans	acquisition of structure	MUC16		MUC16 protein, human					ovarian tumors	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	ovarian tumor cells	Cell Line, Tumor	17067392	The demonstration that N-linked glycans are essential for mediating mesothlein-MUC16 binding may lead to novel therapeutic targets to control the spread of ovarian carcinoma.
mucin O-glycans	decreased level	Mucin		Mucins				diagnostic	ulcerative colitis	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases		Human	stool		31521614	Microbial utilisation of mucin-associated O-glycans was significantly reduced in n-butyrate-deficient UC patients.
mucin O-glycans	unaltered level	Mucin		Mucins				diagnostic	Crohn's disease	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases		Human	stool		31521614	Correlation analysis identified seven bacterial species positively correlated with n-butyrate levels; the major n-butyrate producer, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, was particularly underrepresented in CD patients, but not in UC patients.
N-linked glycans	altered level	CD2		CD2 Antigens	glucosidase		Glucosidases		T cell activation	Lymphocyte Activation		Humans	T-Lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	7915296	The pattern of inhibition by mannosidase and glucosidase inhibitors correlated with inhibitory action on T cell activation: only glucosidase trimming inhibitors (Cas and pentyldNM with comparable potency) perturbed mAb-induced T cell activation, in particular if induced by CD2 mAb.
phosphatidylinositol-glycan	undetermined	CD59		CD59 Antigens								Humans	lymphoid|erythroid|myeloid|neural cell types		1689664	Comparison of the CD59 protein sequence with those of the Ly-6E and Ly-6C antigens discloses a similarity in overall structure, including the alignment of abundant cysteine residues, hydrophobic carboxy termini and conservation of amino acids surrounding the proposed phosphatidylinositol-glycan modification site for Ly-6 molecules.
sialylated tumor-related antigen (sTRA)	increased level							diagnostic|predictive	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal|Pancreatic Neoplasms	chemotherapy	human	blood plasma		33093149	Furthermore, a blood plasma test for the sTRA glycan identified the PDACs that showed rapid relapse following neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
sialylated tumor-related antigen (sTRA)	increased level							predictive	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal|Pancreatic Neoplasms	adjuvant chemotherapy	human	primary tumors		33093149	Patients with primary tumors that were positive for a gene expression classifier for sTRA received no statistically significant benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy, in contrast to those negative for the signature.
α2-3 sialosides	altered level	CD33		CD33 protein, human					Alzheimer's disease			Humans	cells	CHO Cells|HEK293 Cells|K562 Cells	33037195	For CD33 (Siglec-3), we demonstrate that it recognizes both α2-3 and α2-6 sialosides in solution and on cells, which has implications for its link to Alzheimer's disease susceptibility.
α2-6 sialosides	altered level	CD33		CD33 protein, human					Alzheimer's disease			Humans	cells	CHO Cells|HEK293 Cells|K562 Cells	33037195	For CD33 (Siglec-3), we demonstrate that it recognizes both α2-3 and α2-6 sialosides in solution and on cells, which has implications for its link to Alzheimer's disease susceptibility.
anti-chitobioside carbohydrate antibodies	increased level							diagnostic	rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		Humans	serum		29998822	Significantly higher levels of ACCA were observed in RA patients, compared to healthy controls (p=0.002).
anti-laminaribioside carbohydrate antibodies|anti-mannobioside carbohydrate antibodies	unaltered level								spondyloarthritis|psoriatic arthritis	Spondylarthritis		Humans	serum		29998822	No difference in ALCA or AMCA levels was observed between all the study groups.
core-fucosylated residues	decreased level				fucosyltransferase			diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms	curative surgery	Humans	serum		21853445	The level of total core fucose residues and fucosyltransferase were decreased significantly in CRC.
poly-N-acetyllactosamine	increased level				i-extension enzyme|beta1,4-galactosyltransferase I		N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase IGnT|beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase IV								10358011	It has been shown that the amount of poly-N-acetyllactosamine is increased in N-glycans, when they contain Galbeta1-->4GlcNAcbeta1-->6(Galbeta1-->4GlcNAcbeta1 -->2)Manalpha1-->6 branched structure.
alpha1,6-fucose	altered level								metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma			human	normal liver tissues	Liver	18041034	Our previous studies showed that aberrantly alpha1,6-fucosylated glycoproteins might be associated with metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
GD3(d18:1/18:0)	undetermined								neurodegenerative diseases	Brain Diseases		Human	cerebrospinal fluid	Humans	31857120	According to the present results, human CSF and brain show a similar ganglioside pattern, a finding that might be useful in clinical research focused on discovery of ganglioside species associated to neurodegenerative diseases and brain tumors.
GD2(d18:1/18:0)	undetermined								neurodegenerative diseases	Brain Diseases		Human	cerebrospinal fluid	Humans	31857120	According to the present results, human CSF and brain show a similar ganglioside pattern, a finding that might be useful in clinical research focused on discovery of ganglioside species associated to neurodegenerative diseases and brain tumors.
tri-antennary N-glycan	altered level								Melanoma	Melanoma		Humans	Tumor Cells, Cultured	Tumor Cells, Cultured	26133503	We report a targeted strategy combining PGC-LC-ESI-MS with exoglycosidases to improve the relative quantitation of tri and tetra-antennary glycan classes.
tetra-antennary N-glycan	altered level								Melanoma	Melanoma		Humans	Tumor Cells, Cultured	Tumor Cells, Cultured	26133503	We report a targeted strategy combining PGC-LC-ESI-MS with exoglycosidases to improve the relative quantitation of tri and tetra-antennary glycan classes.
sialyl-Lewis A	undetermined				FUT3				metastasis			Humans	tumor cells	Humans	37486674	The tumor cell lines were grouped into three subsets by their canonical E-selectin ligand status (sialyl-Lewis A and X +/+, -/+, -/-) and their adhesiveness was compared after enzymatic, pharmacologic, chemical treatment or antibody blockade of the tumor cells or endothelial cells, respectively.
sialyl-Lewis X	undetermined				FUT7				metastasis			Humans	tumor cells	Humans	37486674	The tumor cell lines were grouped into three subsets by their canonical E-selectin ligand status (sialyl-Lewis A and X +/+, -/+, -/-) and their adhesiveness was compared after enzymatic, pharmacologic, chemical treatment or antibody blockade of the tumor cells or endothelial cells, respectively.
α2,3-linked sialic acid	undetermined								metastasis			Humans	tumor cells	Humans	37486674	We found that although E-selectin and terminal α2,3-sialic acid largely determined firm adhesion, adhesive events did not exclusively depend on the presence of sialyl-Lewis A and/or sialyl-Lewis X.
O-GalNAc glycans	undetermined								metastasis			Humans	tumor cells	Humans	37486674	The significance of O-GalNAc- and N-glycans for adhesion varied remarkably among the tumor cells.
glycosphingolipids	undetermined								metastasis			Humans	tumor cells	Humans	37486674	The sialyl-Lewis A/X+/+ subset showed glycoprotein-independent adhesion, suggesting a role of glycolipids as well.
O-linked glycans	altered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				response	carcinomas	Neoplasms	immunotherapeutic anticancer strategies	human	MUC1-positive carcinomas	Mucin-1|Neoplasms	17675499	The targeting of epitopes on tumor-associated glycoforms of human MUC1 represents a primary goal in immunotherapeutic anticancer strategies.
Tn	increased level			Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate|Tn antigen				diagnostic	breast cancer			Humans	breast tumour		34526666	The Tn-antigen was highly expressed in breast (57%, n = 64), colorectal (51%, n = 140) and pancreatic (53%, n = 108) tumours, while STn was mainly observed in colorectal (80%, n = 140) and pancreatic (56%, n = 108) tumours.
Tn	increased level			Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate|Tn antigen				diagnostic	colorectal cancer			Humans	colorectal tumour		34526666	The Tn-antigen was highly expressed in breast (57%, n = 64), colorectal (51%, n = 140) and pancreatic (53%, n = 108) tumours, while STn was mainly observed in colorectal (80%, n = 140) and pancreatic (56%, n = 108) tumours.
Tn	increased level			Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate|Tn antigen				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer			Humans	pancreatic tumour		34526666	The Tn-antigen was highly expressed in breast (57%, n = 64), colorectal (51%, n = 140) and pancreatic (53%, n = 108) tumours, while STn was mainly observed in colorectal (80%, n = 140) and pancreatic (56%, n = 108) tumours.
STn	increased level			Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate				diagnostic	colorectal cancer			Humans	colorectal tumour		34526666	The Tn-antigen was highly expressed in breast (57%, n = 64), colorectal (51%, n = 140) and pancreatic (53%, n = 108) tumours, while STn was mainly observed in colorectal (80%, n = 140) and pancreatic (56%, n = 108) tumours.
STn	increased level			Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer			Humans	pancreatic tumour		34526666	The Tn-antigen was highly expressed in breast (57%, n = 64), colorectal (51%, n = 140) and pancreatic (53%, n = 108) tumours, while STn was mainly observed in colorectal (80%, n = 140) and pancreatic (56%, n = 108) tumours.
Le(c)Le(x)	increased level							prognostic|response	colorectal cancer			Humans	tumor tissue	Cell Line, Tumor	25779947	In colorectal cancer, high FG88 glyco-epitope expression was significantly associated with poor survival.
di-Le(a)	increased level							prognostic|response	colorectal cancer			Humans	tumor tissue	Cell Line, Tumor	25779947	In colorectal cancer, high FG88 glyco-epitope expression was significantly associated with poor survival.
Le(a)Le(x)	increased level							prognostic|response	colorectal cancer			Humans	tumor tissue	Cell Line, Tumor	25779947	In colorectal cancer, high FG88 glyco-epitope expression was significantly associated with poor survival.
N-acetyllactosamine-type glycans	undetermined	Prostate specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer						14733546	The glycopeptides will be used for the generation of antibodies that may form the basis for a new prostate cancer diagnostic assay.
Lewisx (Le(x))	unaltered level	L5 glycoproteins		Lewis X Antigen				diagnostic	early neural development			chick	embryo	Chick Embryo	8592159	Histochemical studies with different antibodies recognizing the Lex sequence show partially overlapping patterns of immunoreactivity during early neural development in the chick embryo.
embryoglycan	undetermined								Teratoma	Teratoma		Mice	embryonal carcinoma cells	Cell Line	2860973	Therefore, the major carbohydrate constituent of the antigenic molecule was embryoglycan, the glycoprotein-bound large glycan in early embryonic cells.
O-glycan	altered level							prognostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	gastrointestinal metaplasia	Metaplasia	35485356	The most important gene modules related mainly to O-glycan processing, extracellular exosome, hormone activity, and vitamin and fat digestion and absorption.
LacdiNAc	increased level								schistosome infection			Pan troglodytes	chimpanzee		11262206	Glycan epitopes recognized included LacdiNAc, fucosylated LacdiNAc, Lewis(X) (weakly), and those on keyhole limpet hemocyanin.
fucosylated LacdiNAc	increased level								schistosome infection			Pan troglodytes	chimpanzee		11262206	Glycan epitopes recognized included LacdiNAc, fucosylated LacdiNAc, Lewis(X) (weakly), and those on keyhole limpet hemocyanin.
Lewis(X)	increased level			Lewis X Antigen					schistosome infection			Pan troglodytes	chimpanzee		11262206	Glycan epitopes recognized included LacdiNAc, fucosylated LacdiNAc, Lewis(X) (weakly), and those on keyhole limpet hemocyanin.
glycan antigen 125	decreased level							response	advanced non-small-cell lung cancer	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung	bronchial artery chemoembolization combined with 125I seed implantation	Humans	serum		35782072	After 1 month and 3 months of treatment, the levels of serum CYFRA21-1, CEA, CA125, and IGF-1R were lower, while serum S100A2 was higher in the observation group than in the control group (<i>P</i> < 0.05).
Globo H	unaltered level								tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate		Humans			25159850	We proposed to use a novel stepwise sequence-constructive SELEX method to develop DNA aptamers that can recognize Globo H which is a tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen.
H4N3F1L1	decreased level							monitoring|predictive	postoperative surveillance		thyroidectomy	Humans	serum		35574008	Two glycan traits representing the levels of linkage-specific sialylation (H4N3F1L1 and H4N6F1E1) which were down-regulated in PS and up-regulated in PR showed high potential as biomarkers for predicting the recurrence after thyroidectomy.
H4N6F1E1	decreased level							monitoring|predictive	postoperative surveillance		thyroidectomy	Humans	serum		35574008	Two glycan traits representing the levels of linkage-specific sialylation (H4N3F1L1 and H4N6F1E1) which were down-regulated in PS and up-regulated in PR showed high potential as biomarkers for predicting the recurrence after thyroidectomy.
H4N3F1L1	increased level							monitoring|predictive	postoperative recurrence		thyroidectomy	Humans	serum		35574008	Two glycan traits representing the levels of linkage-specific sialylation (H4N3F1L1 and H4N6F1E1) which were down-regulated in PS and up-regulated in PR showed high potential as biomarkers for predicting the recurrence after thyroidectomy.
H4N6F1E1	increased level							monitoring|predictive	postoperative recurrence		thyroidectomy	Humans	serum		35574008	Two glycan traits representing the levels of linkage-specific sialylation (H4N3F1L1 and H4N6F1E1) which were down-regulated in PS and up-regulated in PR showed high potential as biomarkers for predicting the recurrence after thyroidectomy.
core fucosylation	increased level	kininogen		KNG1 protein, human|Kininogens				diagnostic	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human			28223431	Glycan analysis revealed that kininogen has several glycan modifications that have been associated with HCC, but often not with specific proteins, including increased levels of core and outer-arm fucosylation and increased branching.
outer-arm fucosylation	increased level	kininogen		KNG1 protein, human|Kininogens				diagnostic	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human			28223431	Glycan analysis revealed that kininogen has several glycan modifications that have been associated with HCC, but often not with specific proteins, including increased levels of core and outer-arm fucosylation and increased branching.
branching	increased level	kininogen		KNG1 protein, human|Kininogens				diagnostic	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human			28223431	Glycan analysis revealed that kininogen has several glycan modifications that have been associated with HCC, but often not with specific proteins, including increased levels of core and outer-arm fucosylation and increased branching.
HNK-1	decreased level				GlcAT-P		Glucuronosyltransferase					Mice	Brain	Brain	34500611	We recently found that bisecting GlcNAc, a branching sugar in N-glycan, suppresses both GlcAT-P activity and HNK-1 expression in the brain.
non-sulfated HNK-1	unaltered level				GlcAT-S		Glucuronosyltransferase					Mice	Kidney	Kidney	34500611	Here, we observed that the expression of non-sulfated HNK-1 in the kidney is unexpectedly unaltered in mutant mice lacking bisecting GlcNAc.
stage-specific embryonic antigen-3 (SSEA-3)	acquisition of structure				beta1, 3-galactosyltransferase-V (beta3GalT-V)		Galactosyltransferases|UDP-galactose N-acetylglucosaminyl-1-3-N-acetylgalactosamine beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase		teratocarcinoma	Tumor Cells, Cultured	retinoic acid	mouse	F9 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	10837462	The SSEA-3 synthase activity of beta3GalT-V was confirmed in vivo by stable expression of the human beta3GalT-V gene in F9 mouse teratocarcinoma cells, as detected with the monoclonal antibody MC-631 by flow cytometry analysis and immunostaining of extracted glycolipids.
sialic acid	acquisition of structure								carcinoma	Neoplasms		human	carcinoma cell	Neoplasms	16159923	Using expression profiles from the human carcinoma cell, glycan structures with sialic acid and sialyl Lewis X epitope were predicted, which corresponded well with experimental results.
sialyl Lewis X	acquisition of structure								carcinoma	Neoplasms		human	carcinoma cell	Neoplasms	16159923	Using expression profiles from the human carcinoma cell, glycan structures with sialic acid and sialyl Lewis X epitope were predicted, which corresponded well with experimental results.
N-linked glycosylation site	altered level	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans			23991039	Putative N-linked glycosylation site (PNGS) mutations, notably at position 197, allowed 1F7 to neutralize JR-CSF potently without improving binding to the cognate, monomeric gp120.
fucosylation	altered level				FUT3		Fucosyltransferases|3-galactosyl-N-acetylglucosaminide 4-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase	prognostic	breast cancer			Humans	invasive breast cancer		32062822	Our analysis showed that high FUT3 levels were consistently associated to reduced invasive breast cancer patients overall survival.
fucosylation	altered level				FUT3		Fucosyltransferases|3-galactosyl-N-acetylglucosaminide 4-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase	prognostic	triple negative breast cancer	Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms		Humans	triple negative breast cancer	Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms	32062822	This finding is particularly significant in triple negative patients.
GalNAc O-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucins	polypeptide GalNAc-transferase		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases|UDPgalactose-N-acetylgalactosamine galactosyltransferase					Nicotiana benthamiana	leaves	Plants, Genetically Modified	22334671	Transient expression of a Pseudomonas aeruginosa Glc(NAc) C4-epimerase and a human polypeptide GalNAc-transferase in leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana resulted in GalNAc O-glycosylation of co-expressed human O-glycoprotein substrates.
GalNAc O-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	MUC16		CA-125 Antigen|MUC16 protein, human	polypeptide GalNAc-transferase		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases|UDPgalactose-N-acetylgalactosamine galactosyltransferase					Nicotiana benthamiana	leaves	Plants, Genetically Modified	22334671	O-Glycosylation was furthermore demonstrated on a tandem repeat of MUC16 and interferon α2b.
serum glycopatterns	altered level							diagnostic	Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease	Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease		Humans	serum		38698681	The objective of this research is to ascertain the efficacy of serum glycan glycopatterns as a potential diagnostic biomarker, with a particular focus on the disease's early stages.
HNK-1 carbohydrate	decreased level				beta4-galactosyltransferase-II		Galactosyltransferases		learning/memory impairment	Learning		mice	brain		19265195	Immunohistochemistry showed that the amount of HNK-1 carbohydrate was markedly decreased in the brain of beta4GalT-II(-/-) mice, whereas the expression of polysialic acid was not affected.
HNK-1 carbohydrate	decreased level				glucuronyltransferase (GlcAT-P)				learning/memory impairment	Learning		mice	brain		19265195	Furthermore, mice deficient in glucuronyltransferase (GlcAT-P), which is responsible for the biosynthesis of the HNK-1 carbohydrate, also showed impaired spatial learning/memory as described in our previous report, although their motor coordination/learning was normal as shown in this study.
carbohydrate chains containing an epitope recognized by mAb FH6	increased level				endo-beta-galactosidase				colorectal carcinomas	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	colon carcinoma cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	14533810	Clinicopathological observations have revealed that the expression level of a carbohydrate antigen recognized by the monoclonal antibody (mAb) FH6 in colorectal carcinomas is higher at advanced stages than at early stages.
carbohydrate chains containing an epitope recognized by mAb FH6	increased level				endo-beta-galactosidase				liver metastasis			Humans	colon carcinoma cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	14533810	Whether these interactions have any relationship to the mechanism(s) of liver metastasis remains to be elucidated.
core 2-based O-glycan	unaltered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1											19852465	Immunological assay using MUC1 glycopeptides synthesized in this study revealed that N-glycosylation near the antigenic O-glycosylated PDTR motif did not disturb the interaction between the anti-MUC1 monoclonal antibody and this crucial O-glycopeptide moiety.
complex-type N-glycan	unaltered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1											19852465	Immunological assay using MUC1 glycopeptides synthesized in this study revealed that N-glycosylation near the antigenic O-glycosylated PDTR motif did not disturb the interaction between the anti-MUC1 monoclonal antibody and this crucial O-glycopeptide moiety.
N-linked glycosylation	loss of structure	HLA-Cw4		HLA-C Antigens|HLA-C*04 antigen					impaired recognition by KIR2DL1			Humans	B cell line	Cell Line, Transformed	11163076	The binding of a KIR2DL1-Ig fusion protein to the non-glycosylated mutant HLA-Cw4- or -Cw6-expressing cells was markedly decreased compared to the wild type-expressing cells.
N-linked glycosylation	loss of structure	HLA-Cw6		HLA-C Antigens|HLA-C*06 antigen					impaired recognition by KIR2DL1			Humans	B cell line	Cell Line, Transformed	11163076	The binding of a KIR2DL1-Ig fusion protein to the non-glycosylated mutant HLA-Cw4- or -Cw6-expressing cells was markedly decreased compared to the wild type-expressing cells.
glycan biosynthesis	increased level								periodontal disease	Periodontal Diseases		Humans	Dental Plaque	Dental Plaque	23673380	A number of functional genes and metabolic pathways including bacterial chemotaxis and glycan biosynthesis were over-represented in the microbiomes of periodontal disease.
GlycA	increased level							diagnostic	vascular aging			Humans	serum		35984043	We evaluated the utility of measuring the inflammation-linked N-glycans GlycA and GlycB to assess vascular aging in adults with T1D.
GlycB	increased level							diagnostic	vascular aging			Humans	serum		35984043	We evaluated the utility of measuring the inflammation-linked N-glycans GlycA and GlycB to assess vascular aging in adults with T1D.
N-glycans with N-acetyl-neuraminic acid	increased ratio	CD45		Leukocyte Common Antigens	CMP-NeuAc hydroxylase				T-lymphocyte activation	Lymphocyte Activation		Mice	CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	21835922	By mass spectrometry, the sialic acid content of 24-h-activated CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes exhibited an increased proportion of N-acetyl-neuraminic acid (NeuAc) to N-glycolyl-neuraminic acid (NeuGc) in N-glycans.
N-glycans with N-glycolyl-neuraminic acid	decreased ratio	CD45		Leukocyte Common Antigens	CMP-NeuAc hydroxylase				T-lymphocyte activation	Lymphocyte Activation		Mice	CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	21835922	By mass spectrometry, the sialic acid content of 24-h-activated CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes exhibited an increased proportion of N-acetyl-neuraminic acid (NeuAc) to N-glycolyl-neuraminic acid (NeuGc) in N-glycans.
N-linked glycans	altered level	Insulin receptor		Receptor, Insulin											26853939	Here, we revise this structure using new diffraction data to 3.3 Å resolution that allow improved modeling of the N-linked glycans, the first and third fibronectin type III domains, and the insert domain.
cancer-associated mucins	altered level	mucin-domain glycoproteins		Mucins					cancer	Neoplasm Proteins		human	cultured cells|ascites fluid		30910957	We also found that StcE digests cancer-associated mucins from cultured cells and from ascites fluid derived from patients with ovarian cancer.
sialyl Lewis X	acquisition of structure								breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	21329670	Characterization of glycans expressed on breast cancer cells by a panel of antibodies revealed that BT-20 cells expressed sialyl Lewis X (sLe(x)) and sialyl Lewis A (sLe(a)) but MDA-MB-468 cells did not, suggesting that the former possess classical glycans involved in E-selectin mediated adhesion while the latter have novel binding epitopes.
sialyl Lewis A	acquisition of structure								breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	21329670	Characterization of glycans expressed on breast cancer cells by a panel of antibodies revealed that BT-20 cells expressed sialyl Lewis X (sLe(x)) and sialyl Lewis A (sLe(a)) but MDA-MB-468 cells did not, suggesting that the former possess classical glycans involved in E-selectin mediated adhesion while the latter have novel binding epitopes.
N-glycans	undetermined	Fc gamma RIIa		Fc gamma receptor IIA											10397151	Electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry (ESMS) indicate that the N-glycans of baculovirus derived Fc gamma RIIa are core mannose oligosaccharide side chains.
sialic acid residues	increased level	HE5		CD52 Antigen|CD52 protein, human					Sperm Capacitation	Sperm Capacitation		human	spermatozoa	Spermatozoa	11420384	Western blotting of sperm protein extracts using lectins indicated an increase in the exposure of sialic acid residues of HE5 after incubation.
sialyl Lewis x	acquisition of structure	L-selectin		L-Selectin				response	Graft Rejection	Graft Rejection	Heart Transplantation		Lymphocytes	Lymphocytes	9184825	Our previous work demonstrated further that an enzymatically synthetized tetravalent sLex glycan of a branched polylactosamine backbone is a highly efficient inhibitor of L-selectin-dependent lymphocyte adhesion to graft endothelium.
high mannose N-glycans	acquisition of structure				α-mannosidase 1A			diagnostic	malignant prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	prostate cancer cells	Prostatic Neoplasms	32331836	The results indicate that Golgi localization of α-mannosidase 1A at GM130-GRASP65 site and appearance of cell surface high mannose N-glycans may serve as markers of malignant prostate cancer cells.
Tn antigen	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1|MUC1 protein, human				response	solid tumors		MUC1 Glycopeptide Vaccine Modified with a GalNAc Glycocluster	Humans	cancer cells		37279388	Mucin 1 (MUC1) is overexpressed in several solid tumors and presents high levels of aberrant, truncated O-glycans (e.g., Tn antigen).
sialoglycans	altered level								HIV infection	HIV|HIV Infections	Sialidase conjugated to HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies	Humans	HIV-infected cells	HIV	34762717	To harness the cytotoxic capacity of the Siglec-9+ NK subpopulation, which is dampened by Siglec-9, we developed a proof-of-concept approach to selectively disrupt Siglec/sialoglycan interactions between NK and HIV-infected cells.
N-acetyl glucosamine-residues	unaltered level	98/105 kD glycoprotein		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic|monitoring	renal disease	Kidney Diseases		human	kidney cortices	Kidney Cortex	1967133	Glycan typing with lectins revealed N-acetyl glucosamine-residues and amino acid analysis a relatively high content of acidic (31%) and hydrophobic (30%) amino acids, indicating that the antigen is an acidic, membrane-bound glycoprotein.
Lewis x	acquisition of structure	gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase 1|low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2|cubilin precursor|cadherin 16|dipeptidase I|H-2 class I histocompatibility antigen, K-K alpha precursor|alanyl (membrane) aminopeptidase		|Glycoproteins|||||								mouse	kidney	Mice|Kidney	19453144	We successfully identified gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase 1 (gamma-GTP1), low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2 (LRP2), and a cubilin precursor as Lex-conjugated glycoproteins by sequencing of 2-5 glycopeptides.
sialyl Lewis a	decreased level				B3GALT5		B3GALT5 protein, human	diagnostic	differentiation		retinoic acid	human	embryonic stem cell	Human Embryonic Stem Cells	31936807	Sialyl Lewis a is expressed in ES cells and its expression decreases upon differentiation.
SSEA3	decreased level				B3GALT5		B3GALT5 protein, human	diagnostic	differentiation		retinoic acid	human	embryonic stem cell	Human Embryonic Stem Cells	31936807	Repression of SSEA3 and sialyl Lewis a synthesis mediated by retinoic acid was partially reversed by lamin A short interfering RNA (siRNA) and a STAT3 inhibitor.
N-glycans	altered level	glycoproteins		Glycoproteins								human	HT-29 cells	HT29 Cells	19192249	Structural analysis showed that DRMs were markedly enriched in a series of complex N-glycans in comparison to detergent-soluble membranes.
mannose	undetermined							diagnostic	cancer			murine	cancer stem-like cells		18625848	Second, we used the glycan signatures to identify novel lectin biomarkers for cancer stem-like cells in a murine model.
type 1 core O-glycan	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic|response	Breast Neoplasms	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	MCF-7 cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9422089	The second approach taken in parallel, utilized MCF-7 (BrCa) and OVCAR (OVCa) cell lines which were grown in the presence or absence of phenyl-N-acetylgalactosaminide (p-gal), a blocker of mucin O-linked glycosylation.
type 1 core O-glycan	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic|response	Ovarian Neoplasms	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	OVCAR cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9422089	The second approach taken in parallel, utilized MCF-7 (BrCa) and OVCAR (OVCa) cell lines which were grown in the presence or absence of phenyl-N-acetylgalactosaminide (p-gal), a blocker of mucin O-linked glycosylation.
N-linked glycans	undetermined	CD5		CD5 Antigens											9799111	Carbohydrate analysis identified N-linked glycans on CD5 domains 1 and 2, and sialylated O-linked glycans on the linker peptide between domains 1 and 2.
sialylated O-linked glycans	undetermined	CD5		CD5 Antigens											9799111	Carbohydrate analysis identified N-linked glycans on CD5 domains 1 and 2, and sialylated O-linked glycans on the linker peptide between domains 1 and 2.
oligomannoside-type structures	acquisition of structure	immunoglobulin G4		Immunoglobulin G					CD18 family of adhesion-promoting receptors on leukocytes	CD18 Antigens		mouse	NS/O mouse myeloma cells	Mice	7906504	The overall results indicate the presence of five oligomannoside-type structures (containing 5 to 8 Man residues) which are not usually found in IgG, and the presence of eight diantennary (mostly truncated) N-acetyllactosamine-type structures which are typical of mouse and human IgGs.
N-acetyllactosamine-type structures	unaltered level	immunoglobulin G4		Immunoglobulin G					CD18 family of adhesion-promoting receptors on leukocytes	CD18 Antigens		mouse	NS/O mouse myeloma cells	Mice	7906504	The overall results indicate the presence of five oligomannoside-type structures (containing 5 to 8 Man residues) which are not usually found in IgG, and the presence of eight diantennary (mostly truncated) N-acetyllactosamine-type structures which are typical of mouse and human IgGs.
O-glucosylated glycan chains	unaltered level	AMACO		VWA2 protein, human											18434322	By a detailed mass spectrometric analysis we show that both elongated O-glucosylated (Xyl1-3Xyl1-3Glc) and elongated O-fucosylated glycan chains (NeuAc2-3Gal1-4GlcNAc1-3Fuc) can be attached to AMACO in close proximity on the same epidermal growth factor-like domain.
O-fucosylated glycan chains	unaltered level	AMACO		VWA2 protein, human											18434322	By a detailed mass spectrometric analysis we show that both elongated O-glucosylated (Xyl1-3Xyl1-3Glc) and elongated O-fucosylated glycan chains (NeuAc2-3Gal1-4GlcNAc1-3Fuc) can be attached to AMACO in close proximity on the same epidermal growth factor-like domain.
CA153	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	breast cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	serum		30905456	The increased serum levels of CA153 have been established as a biomarker for breast cancer diagnosis since 1980s.
CA153	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	lung cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	serum		30905456	we found that patients suffering lung, breast, ovarian cancers, nephrotic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, endometrial cancer, coronary heart disease, cervical cancer, uremia, and other 12 diseases plus healthy controls >65 years old had significantly (p<0.05, -Log10p>1.30) increased median serum CA153 levels compared to that of healthy controls.
CA153	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	serum		30905456	we found that patients suffering lung, breast, ovarian cancers, nephrotic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, endometrial cancer, coronary heart disease, cervical cancer, uremia, and other 12 diseases plus healthy controls >65 years old had significantly (p<0.05, -Log10p>1.30) increased median serum CA153 levels compared to that of healthy controls.
CA153	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	nephrotic syndrome			Humans	serum		30905456	we found that patients suffering lung, breast, ovarian cancers, nephrotic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, endometrial cancer, coronary heart disease, cervical cancer, uremia, and other 12 diseases plus healthy controls >65 years old had significantly (p<0.05, -Log10p>1.30) increased median serum CA153 levels compared to that of healthy controls.
CA153	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	type 2 diabetes			Humans	serum		30905456	we found that patients suffering lung, breast, ovarian cancers, nephrotic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, endometrial cancer, coronary heart disease, cervical cancer, uremia, and other 12 diseases plus healthy controls >65 years old had significantly (p<0.05, -Log10p>1.30) increased median serum CA153 levels compared to that of healthy controls.
CA153	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	endometrial cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	serum		30905456	we found that patients suffering lung, breast, ovarian cancers, nephrotic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, endometrial cancer, coronary heart disease, cervical cancer, uremia, and other 12 diseases plus healthy controls >65 years old had significantly (p<0.05, -Log10p>1.30) increased median serum CA153 levels compared to that of healthy controls.
CA153	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	coronary heart disease			Humans	serum		30905456	we found that patients suffering lung, breast, ovarian cancers, nephrotic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, endometrial cancer, coronary heart disease, cervical cancer, uremia, and other 12 diseases plus healthy controls >65 years old had significantly (p<0.05, -Log10p>1.30) increased median serum CA153 levels compared to that of healthy controls.
CA153	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	cervical cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	serum		30905456	we found that patients suffering lung, breast, ovarian cancers, nephrotic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, endometrial cancer, coronary heart disease, cervical cancer, uremia, and other 12 diseases plus healthy controls >65 years old had significantly (p<0.05, -Log10p>1.30) increased median serum CA153 levels compared to that of healthy controls.
CA153	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	uremia			Humans	serum		30905456	we found that patients suffering lung, breast, ovarian cancers, nephrotic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, endometrial cancer, coronary heart disease, cervical cancer, uremia, and other 12 diseases plus healthy controls >65 years old had significantly (p<0.05, -Log10p>1.30) increased median serum CA153 levels compared to that of healthy controls.
CA153	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	lymphoma	Neoplasms		Humans	serum		30905456	Moreover, patients with lymphoma had the highest mean and the biggest SD value for serum CA153.
glycan in the Fc	loss of structure	nivolumab		Nivolumab	endo-β-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (Endo T)				cancer		immune checkpoint inhibitor	CHO cells	CHO cells	Cricetinae|Cricetulus	36347901	Here, we subjected the anti-programmed cell death protein (PD)-1 antibody nivolumab, a representative immune checkpoint inhibitor, to GlycoDelete (GD) engineering to remove the antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of the antibody, leaving only one glycan in the Fc.
lactosamine structures	loss of structure				beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase 2		Galactosyltransferases		morphological defects such as shortening of the anterior-posterior axis, cyclopia, impaired somite segmentation, and head hypoplasia			Oryzias latipes	embryo	Embryo, Nonmammalian	19324086	Depletion of beta4GalT2 by morpholino antisense oligonucleotide injection resulted in significant morphological defects, such as shortening of the anterior-posterior axis, cyclopia, impaired somite segmentation, and head hypoplasia.
N-glycan	increased level								cancer			Humans	Cancer-associated fibroblasts	Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts	37481068	Of the 9460 proteins evaluated, functional enrichment analysis revealed an upregulation of N-glycan biosynthesis and extracellular matrix proteins in CAFs.
core fucosylation	decreased level	PSA		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	high-risk prostate cancer			human	serum		27279911	We detected a significant decrease in the core fucose and an increase in the α2,3-sialic acid percentage of PSA in high-risk PCa that differentiated BPH and low-risk PCa from high-risk PCa patients.
α2,3-sialic acid	increased level	PSA		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	high-risk prostate cancer			human	serum		27279911	We detected a significant decrease in the core fucose and an increase in the α2,3-sialic acid percentage of PSA in high-risk PCa that differentiated BPH and low-risk PCa from high-risk PCa patients.
sialyl residue	unaltered level				neuraminidase				cell adhesion to Fn	Cell Adhesion		human	H7721 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	15346983	It was found that sialyl residue was not essential for the cell adhesion to Fn, but was important in the cell adhesion to Ln and chemotactic cell invasion, and very crucial in the cell adhesion to HUVEC and chemotactic migration.
sialyl residue	increased level				neuraminidase				cell adhesion to Ln	Cell Adhesion		human	H7721 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	15346983	It was found that sialyl residue was not essential for the cell adhesion to Fn, but was important in the cell adhesion to Ln and chemotactic cell invasion, and very crucial in the cell adhesion to HUVEC and chemotactic migration.
sialyl residue	increased level				neuraminidase				chemotactic cell invasion	Chemotaxis		human	H7721 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	15346983	It was found that sialyl residue was not essential for the cell adhesion to Fn, but was important in the cell adhesion to Ln and chemotactic cell invasion, and very crucial in the cell adhesion to HUVEC and chemotactic migration.
sialyl residue	increased level				neuraminidase				cell adhesion to HUVEC	Cell Adhesion		human	H7721 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	15346983	It was found that sialyl residue was not essential for the cell adhesion to Fn, but was important in the cell adhesion to Ln and chemotactic cell invasion, and very crucial in the cell adhesion to HUVEC and chemotactic migration.
sialyl residue	increased level				neuraminidase				chemotactic migration	Chemotaxis		human	H7721 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	15346983	It was found that sialyl residue was not essential for the cell adhesion to Fn, but was important in the cell adhesion to Ln and chemotactic cell invasion, and very crucial in the cell adhesion to HUVEC and chemotactic migration.
fucosyl residue	increased level				alpha-L-fucosidase				cell adhesion to Fn	Cell Adhesion		human	H7721 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	15346983	In contrast, fucosyl residue was probably participate in cell adhesion to Fn, Ln and HUVEC, but not important in chemotactic migration and invasion.
fucosyl residue	increased level				alpha-L-fucosidase				cell adhesion to Ln	Cell Adhesion		human	H7721 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	15346983	In contrast, fucosyl residue was probably participate in cell adhesion to Fn, Ln and HUVEC, but not important in chemotactic migration and invasion.
fucosyl residue	increased level				alpha-L-fucosidase				cell adhesion to HUVEC	Cell Adhesion		human	H7721 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	15346983	In contrast, fucosyl residue was probably participate in cell adhesion to Fn, Ln and HUVEC, but not important in chemotactic migration and invasion.
CA125 antigen	undetermined	MUC16		CA-125 Antigen				diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans		Humans	22949868	Mucin 16 (MUC16) is a type I transmembrane protein, the extracellular portion of which is shed after proteolytic degradation and is denoted as CA125 antigen, a well known tumor marker for ovarian cancer.
O-glycans	altered level	leukosialin		Leukosialin	Gal beta 1----3GalNAc alpha 2----3sialyltransferase|Gal beta 1----4(3)GlcNAc alpha 2----3sialyltransferase		Sialyltransferases|Sialyltransferases		Promyelocytic leukemia	Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute	retinoic acid|dimethyl sulfoxide|6-thioguanine	Humans	HL-60 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	1827755	The present study examined the structures of O-glycans attached to leukosialin, a major sialoglycoprotein in HL-60 cells, and the activities of glycosyltransferases involved in O-glycan synthesis.
O-linked glycan(s)	acquisition of structure	invariant chain		invariant chain								Humans	B cells	Cell Line	8798670	Additional evidence suggests that the O-linked glycan(s) characteristic of the I chain is added to the short C-terminal region absent from the K3 fragment.
oligosaccharides	altered level							diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	serum		19073586	By profiling oligosaccharides cleaved from glycosylated proteins shed by tumor cells into the blood stream, we hope to determine glycan profiles that will help identify cancer patients using a simple blood test.
multisialylated LacdiNAc (GalNAcβ1-4GlcNAc)	increased level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic|prognostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	serum		30669833	We found that abundance of multisialylated LacdiNAc (GalNAcβ1-4GlcNAc) structures were significantly upregulated in the PCa group compared to the BPH group.
gp160	acquisition of structure	gp160		HIV Envelope Protein gp160					human immunodeficiency virus type 1	HIV-1		Spodoptera frugiperda	Spodoptera frugiperda cells	Moths	2111957	However, partial resistance to endo-H was gradually acquired by both molecules.
gp160(t)	acquisition of structure	gp160(t)							human immunodeficiency virus type 1	HIV-1		Spodoptera frugiperda	Spodoptera frugiperda cells	Moths	2111957	However, partial resistance to endo-H was gradually acquired by both molecules.
differentially glycosylated	undetermined	Leucine-rich α2 glycoprotein		LRG1 protein, human					hematopoiesis			human	neutrophils	Neutrophils	28081565	Exocytosis assays indicate that LRG1 is differentially glycosylated in neutrophils, and co-released with the secondary granule protein lactoferrin.
glyco-engineered glycan	altered level	GA-101		obinutuzumab				response	B-cell lymphoid malignancies	Leukemia, B-Cell|Lymphoma, B-Cell	GA-101 treatment	Humans	B-cells		19513948	Glycart Biotechnology AG, Genentech Inc, F Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Biogen Idec Inc and Chugai Pharmaceutical Co Ltd are developing GA-101, a third-generation, humanized and glyco-engineered anti-CD20 IgG1 mAb, for the potential treatment of B-cell malignancies.
glycosylation site	loss of structure	E2		glycoprotein E2, Hepatitis C virus					hepatitis C		interferon therapy	human	Huh-7 and BHK tissue culture cells	Cell Line	12766998	The principal differences predicted between E2 of HCV3a-Gla and the corresponding H77c genotype 1a protein were that the former contained six more amino acids (361 vs. 355), but it had one fewer glycosylation site.
β1-6 branching of asparagine-linked oligosaccharides	decreased level				GnT-V		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|alpha-1,6-mannosylglycoprotein beta 1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		human	BGC823 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	23563846	The products of GnT-V, β1-6 branching of asparagine-linked oligosaccharides, were determined by L-PHA lectin blot analysis.
HIV gp120	altered level	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV	HIV		Humans	Cell Line	Humans|Cell Line	18597484	The importance of the HIV gp120 conserved domain 5 (gp120-C5) to envelope function has been examined by alanine scanning mutagenesis and subsequent characterization of the mutagenic effects on viral entry and envelope expression, processing, and incorporation, as well as gp120 association with gp41.
MUC1 mucin	increased level							response	pancreatic tumours	Pancreatic Neoplasms	5-fluorouracil (5-FU)	Human	pancreatic cancer cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	17912239	Overexpression of MUC1 mucin in pancreatic tumours has been correlated with poor patient survival.
RAAG12	increased level			Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate				response	colorectal cancer	Adenocarcinoma|Gastrointestinal Neoplasms	RAV12 treatment	human	tumor	Tumor Cells, Cultured	17363480	More than 90% of tumors of colorectal, gastric, and pancreatic origin express RAAG12, and a majority of these tumors exhibit uniform RAAG12 expression.
RAAG12	increased level			Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate				response	gastric cancer	Adenocarcinoma|Gastrointestinal Neoplasms	RAV12 treatment	human	tumor	Tumor Cells, Cultured	17363480	More than 90% of tumors of colorectal, gastric, and pancreatic origin express RAAG12, and a majority of these tumors exhibit uniform RAAG12 expression.
RAAG12	increased level			Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate				response	pancreatic cancer	Adenocarcinoma|Gastrointestinal Neoplasms	RAV12 treatment	human	tumor	Tumor Cells, Cultured	17363480	More than 90% of tumors of colorectal, gastric, and pancreatic origin express RAAG12, and a majority of these tumors exhibit uniform RAAG12 expression.
N-linked glycosylation sites	undetermined	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp160|gp160 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1				predictive	HIV infection	HIV Infections|HIV-1	VRC01 neutralization	Human	pseudovirus		30933973	Features predicting neutralization sensitivity or resistance included 26 surface-accessible residues in the VRC01 and CD4 binding footprints, the length of gp120, the length of Env, the number of cysteines in gp120, the number of cysteines in Env, and 4 potential N-linked glycosylation sites; the top features will be advanced to the primary sieve analysis.
IgG galactose	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G	Galactosyltransferases		Galactosyltransferases		lymphoproliferative disorder			Mice	circulating IgG		10583610	MRL-lpr/lpr mice normally have elevated levels of circulating IgG, again accompanied by decreased levels of IgG galactose.
IgG galactose	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G	Galactosyltransferases		Galactosyltransferases		lymphoproliferative disorder			Mice	circulating IgG		10583610	Disruption of the CD4 gene in MRL-lpr/lpr mice led to a substantial decrease in the concentration of circulating IgG, but IgG galactose levels remained low.
O-glycosylation	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1	GALNT6		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases		Hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Human	HCC cells	Humans|Cell Line, Tumor	35909886	GALNT6 transcriptionally activated by RUNX3 mediated the O-glycosylation of MUC1, thus exerting promoting influence on HCC cell migration and invasion.
Thomsen-Friedenreich glycotope	increased level	immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|prognostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		23801858	The level of TF-specific IgG was significantly increased in cancer patients compared with non-cancer controls (P < 0.001).
ConA binding to anti-TF-IgG	increased level	immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|prognostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		23801858	Cancer patients showed a higher level of ConA binding to anti-TF-IgG (P < 0.05) and a very low level of SNA lectin binding (P = 0.0001).
SNA lectin binding to anti-TF-IgG	decreased level	immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|prognostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		23801858	Cancer patients showed a higher level of ConA binding to anti-TF-IgG (P < 0.05) and a very low level of SNA lectin binding (P = 0.0001).
AAL lectin binding to anti-TF-IgG	decreased level	immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				prognostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	serum		23801858	A significantly better survival rate was found in all cancer patients with a low reactivity of anti-TF IgG to the fucose-specific AAL lectin (HR = 2.39; 95%CI: 1.0-5.7; P = 0.038).
glycan	undetermined								asthma						20813955	Thus, CAR and JAML are cell signaling receptors of the immune system with implications for asthma, cancer, and chronic nonhealing wounds.
glycan	undetermined								cancer						20813955	Thus, CAR and JAML are cell signaling receptors of the immune system with implications for asthma, cancer, and chronic nonhealing wounds.
glycan	undetermined								chronic nonhealing wounds						20813955	Thus, CAR and JAML are cell signaling receptors of the immune system with implications for asthma, cancer, and chronic nonhealing wounds.
S endotoxin glycoforms	unaltered level								fMLP-induced respiratory burst			Escherichia coli	polymorphonuclear leukocyte	Leukocytes	25365491	Similar priming activity of S and Re endotoxin glycoforms for fMLP-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation from primed PML was found.
Re endotoxin glycoforms	unaltered level								fMLP-induced respiratory burst			Escherichia coli	polymorphonuclear leukocyte	Leukocytes	25365491	Similar priming activity of S and Re endotoxin glycoforms for fMLP-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation from primed PML was found.
glycosidic conjugates of cyanidin	increased level				UGT78G1		Glucosyltransferases		abiotic stress			Medicago sativa|Medicago truncatula	leaves		19368693	Over-expression of UGT78G1 in transgenic alfalfa resulted in increased anthocyanin accumulation when plants were exposed to abiotic stress.
O-linked oligosaccharide chain	loss of structure	human chorionic gonadotropin		Chorionic Gonadotropin					pregnancy	Pregnancy		human	placenta	Placenta	2456204	These findings suggest that SP-hCG is deficient in O-linked oligosaccharide chain in the beta-subunit, and that the N-linked oligosaccharide chains of both subunits are shortened.
N-linked oligosaccharide chains	loss of structure	human chorionic gonadotropin		Chorionic Gonadotropin					pregnancy	Pregnancy		human	placenta	Placenta	2456204	These findings suggest that SP-hCG is deficient in O-linked oligosaccharide chain in the beta-subunit, and that the N-linked oligosaccharide chains of both subunits are shortened.
Sialyl Lewis x	increased level				Fucosyltransferase VI		Fucosyltransferases	diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms	RNA interference-based approach	Humans	colon cancer tissues	Tumor Cells, Cultured	20965272	Sialyl Lewis x (sLex) is a selectin ligand whose overexpression in epithelial cancers mediates metastasis formation.
Sialyl Lewis x	increased level				Fucosyltransferase VI		Fucosyltransferases	diagnostic	colon cancer		RNA interference-based approach	Humans	colon cancer tissues	Tumor Cells, Cultured	20965272	These data indicate that in colon cancer tissues Fuc-TVI is a key regulator of sLex biosynthesis which can be the target of RNA-interference-based gene knock-down approaches.
N-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	caspr/paranodin		Cntnap1 protein, mouse|Cntnap1 protein, rat	calnexin		Lectins						neuroblastoma N2a cells	Cell Line, Tumor	12972410	We show that N-glycosylation and quality control by the lectin-chaperone calnexin are required for the cell surface delivery of caspr/paranodin.
70 kDa O-glycoprotein	increased level			Glycoproteins|Membrane Glycoproteins					naive and early activated T cells			mouse	T cells	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes|CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes|T-Lymphocyte Subsets	12470612	Our results suggest that ALL detects a non-described surface O-glycoprotein selectively expressed by naive CD8(+) T cells and by early activated CD4(+) T cells.
IgE	decreased level	Immunoglobulin E		Immunoglobulin E					allergic reaction	Hypersensitivity		mouse			11514036	The deglycosylated IgE did not induce mouse systemic anaphylaxis.
gp120	unaltered level	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	Cell Line	Cell Line	10559353	Binding was not significantly affected by the pH of binding, G-protein coupling of CCR5, or partial gp120 deglycosylation.
N-linked glycosylation site	acquisition of structure	single chain Fv antibody fragments		Antibodies, Monoclonal					inhibition of CD2 expression				CHO cell line	CHO Cells	8765170	No scFv was detected in the cell supernatant although functional scFv, as assayed by ELISA, was detected in an NP-40 soluble fraction if an N-linked glycosylation site had been introduced into the antibody construct.
O-GlcNAcylation	increased level	enolase-1		Phosphopyruvate Hydratase|ENO1 protein, human				diagnostic|predictive	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms	PD-L1 monoclonal antibody therapy	human	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	39446384	Clinically, ENO1 glycosylation levels are up-regulated and show a positive correlation with PD-L1 levels in human colorectal cancers.
N-linked oligosaccharides	altered level	N-CAM 120		Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules								Rats	Astrocytes	Astrocytes	10559782	Differences in the N-linked oligosaccharides on isoforms of the neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) on astrocytes were found using a lectin, namely, Datura stramonium agglutinin (DSA).
N-linked oligosaccharides	altered level	N-CAM 140		Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules								Rats	Astrocytes	Astrocytes	10559782	Differences in the N-linked oligosaccharides on isoforms of the neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) on astrocytes were found using a lectin, namely, Datura stramonium agglutinin (DSA).
N-linked oligosaccharides	altered level	N-CAM 180		Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules								Rats	Astrocytes	Astrocytes	10559782	Differences in the N-linked oligosaccharides on isoforms of the neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) on astrocytes were found using a lectin, namely, Datura stramonium agglutinin (DSA).
carboxylated glycans	unaltered level	endothelial cells							peritoneal inflammation			mouse	endothelial cells	Endothelium, Vascular	11254728	We recently showed that a class of novel carboxylated N:-glycans was constitutively expressed on endothelial cells.
carboxylated glycans	unaltered level	neutrophils							peritoneal inflammation			mouse	neutrophils	Neutrophils	11254728	Activated, but not resting, neutrophils expressed binding sites for the novel glycans.
glycoforms	altered level	CAMPATH 1H		Antibodies, Monoclonal								Humans	monoclonal antibody	Antibodies, Monoclonal	7762819	These have been substantially assigned to the presence of a mixture of glycoforms, each resulting from the combination of a single protein species with specific glycans of four distinct masses.
O-linked oligosaccharides	undetermined	ovomucoid|group-specific glycoproteins H and B|fetuin|asialofetuin		Ovomucin||Fetuins|asialofetuin											1696170	The side reaction of reductive cleavage of N-glycosylamide and peptide bonds, observed under standard conditions of splitting of O-linked chains (M NaBH4 and 50mM NaOH, 16 h, 50 degrees), was inhibited by addition of 50-10 mM cadium acetate and 5-10mM EDTA.Na4, as shown by treatment of model compounds and several glycoproteins (ovomucoid, group-specific glycoproteins H and B, fetuin, and asialofetuin).
sialyl Lewis X	undetermined			Sialyl Lewis X Antigen	alpha-(1-->3)-fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases								20435300	A combination of recombinant FKP and alpha-(1-->3)-fucosyltransferase allows the facile synthesis of the sialyl Lewis X tetrasaccharide glycan and its derivatives in excellent yield.
high-mannose	undetermined	ribonuclease|egg glycoproteins|fetuin|thyroglobulin		Ribonucleases|Egg Proteins|Glycoproteins|alpha-Fetoproteins|Thyroglobulin								bovine|chicken|bovine|porcine	ribonuclease|egg glycoproteins|fetuin|thyroglobulin	Ribonucleases|Egg Proteins|Glycoproteins|alpha-Fetoproteins|Thyroglobulin	15655798	[M+Ag]+ ions were produced by electrospray from neutral high-mannose, hybrid and complex N-linked glycans obtained from bovine ribonuclease, chicken egg glycoproteins, bovine fetuin and porcine thyroglobulin by the addition of silver nitrate to the electrospray solvent.
hybrid	undetermined	ribonuclease|egg glycoproteins|fetuin|thyroglobulin		Ribonucleases|Egg Proteins|Glycoproteins|alpha-Fetoproteins|Thyroglobulin								bovine|chicken|bovine|porcine	ribonuclease|egg glycoproteins|fetuin|thyroglobulin	Ribonucleases|Egg Proteins|Glycoproteins|alpha-Fetoproteins|Thyroglobulin	15655798	[M+Ag]+ ions were produced by electrospray from neutral high-mannose, hybrid and complex N-linked glycans obtained from bovine ribonuclease, chicken egg glycoproteins, bovine fetuin and porcine thyroglobulin by the addition of silver nitrate to the electrospray solvent.
complex N-linked glycans	undetermined	ribonuclease|egg glycoproteins|fetuin|thyroglobulin		Ribonucleases|Egg Proteins|Glycoproteins|alpha-Fetoproteins|Thyroglobulin								bovine|chicken|bovine|porcine	ribonuclease|egg glycoproteins|fetuin|thyroglobulin	Ribonucleases|Egg Proteins|Glycoproteins|alpha-Fetoproteins|Thyroglobulin	15655798	[M+Ag]+ ions were produced by electrospray from neutral high-mannose, hybrid and complex N-linked glycans obtained from bovine ribonuclease, chicken egg glycoproteins, bovine fetuin and porcine thyroglobulin by the addition of silver nitrate to the electrospray solvent.
tri-antennary fucosylated oligosaccharides	increased level	α-1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic	bladder cancer	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	blood		22216449	Due to MS characterization, it can be observed that differences between the samples are mainly due to higher abundance of AGP isoforms containing tri- and tetra-antennary fucosylated oligosaccharides in cancer patients.
tetra-antennary fucosylated oligosaccharides	increased level	α-1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic	bladder cancer	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	blood		22216449	Due to MS characterization, it can be observed that differences between the samples are mainly due to higher abundance of AGP isoforms containing tri- and tetra-antennary fucosylated oligosaccharides in cancer patients.
oligomannose	unaltered level	invertase|fetuin		beta-Fructofuranosidase|alpha-Fetoproteins											2479293	We have also investigated the influence of various reaction conditions on staining of glycoproteins having oligomannose and N-acetyllactosamine type glycan chains.
N-acetyllactosamine	unaltered level	invertase|fetuin		beta-Fructofuranosidase|alpha-Fetoproteins											2479293	We have also investigated the influence of various reaction conditions on staining of glycoproteins having oligomannose and N-acetyllactosamine type glycan chains.
Lewis X	increased level							diagnostic	breast cancer			Humans	breast cancer cells	Neoplasms	37477396	The glycan moiety Lewis X (LeX) has been implicated in defining progenitor cells as well as playing a role in the progression of solid tumors, including breast cancer.
N-glycan branching	decreased level							risk	neurodegeneration	Neurodegenerative Diseases		Humans	serum		33970182	N-glycan branching modulates cell surface receptor availability, and its deficiency in mice promotes inflammatory demyelination, reduced myelination, and neurodegeneration.
N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)	decreased level							diagnostic	progressive multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive		Humans	serum		33970182	This study suggests that deficiency of GlcNAc plus its stereoisomers (HexNAc) may be a biomarker for PMS.
GPI anchor	unaltered level				PIG-A		phosphatidylinositol glycan-class A protein					Humans			7680492	The glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor is a membrane attachment structure of many proteins and occurs in a wide variety of eukaryotes from yeasts to mammals.
O-glycans deficient in galactose	increased level	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A				diagnostic|predictive	IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans	serum		29324897	We previously proposed a multi-hit pathogenesis model in which patients with IgA nephropathy have elevated levels of circulatory IgA1 with some O-glycans deficient in galactose (Gd-IgA1, autoantigen).
O-glycans deficient in galactose	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic|predictive	IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans	serum		29324897	Our analyses revealed a correlation between the concentrations of the autoantigen and the corresponding IgG autoantibodies in sera of patients with IgA nephropathy, but not of disease or healthy controls.
MAA-reactive sialic acid	decreased level	clusterin		Clusterin				diagnostic	sperm disorders			human	seminal plasma		36142505	We indicate that multiple sperm disorders are associated with decreased expression of MAA-reactive SA in SP.
SNA-reactive sialic acid	altered level	clusterin		Clusterin				diagnostic	sperm disorders			human	blood sera		36142505	For BS, based on ROC curve and cluster analysis, relative reactivities of CLU glycans with SNA, MAA, SIRT3 and FRAP concentrations may be useful in the differentiation of normozoospermic patients from those with sperm disorders.
N-glycan	loss of structure	Machupo virus glycoprotein 1		Viral Envelope Proteins					hemorrhagic fevers			Humans	blood-brain barrier		33068039	We show that the optimized MGP1 variants can bind more strongly to TfR than the native MGP1, and there is an MGP1 sequence that retains binding in the absence of glycosylation, but with the addition of further amino acid substitutions.
fucosylated structures	decreased level				α1,2 fucosyltransferase|α1,3/4 fucosyltransferase	FUT2|FUT3		diagnostic	Lewis negative and nonsecretor phenotypes			Human	milk	Milk, Human	23140396	With higher frequency of expression of the recessive Lewis negative and nonsecretor phenotypes in West African populations, the HMO profiles of several milks from women of these phenotypes were examined, demonstrating decreased amounts of total oligosaccharide abundance and lower relative amounts of fucosylation.
2'FL	unaltered level				α1,2 fucosyltransferase|α1,3/4 fucosyltransferase	FUT2|FUT3		diagnostic	secretor status			Human	milk	Milk, Human	23140396	Also in this study, four specific fucosylated structures (2'FL, LNFP I, LDFT, and LNDFH I) were determined to be specific and sensitive glycan markers for rapidly determining secretor status without the need for serological testing.
LNFP I	unaltered level				α1,2 fucosyltransferase|α1,3/4 fucosyltransferase	FUT2|FUT3		diagnostic	secretor status			Human	milk	Milk, Human	23140396	Also in this study, four specific fucosylated structures (2'FL, LNFP I, LDFT, and LNDFH I) were determined to be specific and sensitive glycan markers for rapidly determining secretor status without the need for serological testing.
LDFT	unaltered level				α1,2 fucosyltransferase|α1,3/4 fucosyltransferase	FUT2|FUT3		diagnostic	secretor status			Human	milk	Milk, Human	23140396	Also in this study, four specific fucosylated structures (2'FL, LNFP I, LDFT, and LNDFH I) were determined to be specific and sensitive glycan markers for rapidly determining secretor status without the need for serological testing.
LNDFH I	unaltered level				α1,2 fucosyltransferase|α1,3/4 fucosyltransferase	FUT2|FUT3		diagnostic	secretor status			Human	milk	Milk, Human	23140396	Also in this study, four specific fucosylated structures (2'FL, LNFP I, LDFT, and LNDFH I) were determined to be specific and sensitive glycan markers for rapidly determining secretor status without the need for serological testing.
branched N-glycans	increased level							predictive	ulcerative colitis	Colitis, Ulcerative	5-aminosalicylate therapy	Humans	colonic biopsies	Intestinal Mucosa	30239648	Moreover, high levels of branched N-glycans predict 78% of UC patients who will display a favourable disease course [exclusively under 5-aminosalicylate therapy for more than 5 years of disease].
branched N-glycans	decreased level							predictive	ulcerative colitis	Colitis, Ulcerative	standard therapy	Humans	colonic biopsies	Intestinal Mucosa	30239648	Multivariable analysis revealed that low levels of branched N-glycans and high levels of C-reactive protein [CRP] around time of diagnosis act as independent predictors of non-response to standard therapy.
anti-chitobioside carbohydrate antibodies	increased level							diagnostic	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease	pouch surgery	Humans	serum		26197448	Antibodies against glycans associated with CD (anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae, anti-laminaribioside, anti-chitobioside, and anti-mannobioside carbohydrate antibodies [ASCA, ALCA, ACCA, and AMCA, respectively]) were detected and correlated with type of inflammatory bowel disease and pouch behavior.
anti-mannobioside carbohydrate antibodies	increased level							diagnostic	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease	pouch surgery	Humans	serum		26197448	Antibodies against glycans associated with CD (anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae, anti-laminaribioside, anti-chitobioside, and anti-mannobioside carbohydrate antibodies [ASCA, ALCA, ACCA, and AMCA, respectively]) were detected and correlated with type of inflammatory bowel disease and pouch behavior.
glycan-dependent apical targeting signals	unaltered level	MUC1		Mucin-1								Canis lupus familiaris	polarized MDCK cells	Dogs|Cell Line	19453277	Apical delivery was not altered by inactivation of AEEs by treatment with hydrogen peroxide and diaminobenzidine treatment after apical loading of endosomes with horseradish peroxidase-conjugated wheat germ agglutinin.
core 2 O-glycan terminated with sialyl-Lewis x	undetermined	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1		P-Selectin	alpha2,3-sialyltransferase|alpha1,3-fucosyltransferase-VII|core 2 beta1,6 N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		Hexosyltransferases|N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase		cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen (CLA) T cell heterogeneity			Humans	lymphocytes		12010808	CHO-131 also stained a small population of lymphocytes that were primarily CD3(+), CD4(+), and CD45RO(+) and represented a subset (37.8% +/- 18.3%) of cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen (CLA) T cells, distinguished by the mAb HECA-452, which detects sLe(X)-related glycans.
galectin-8	increased level							diagnostic	osteoarthritis	Osteoarthritis		human	chondrocytes	Chondrocytes	29934665	We show that the presence of tandem-repeat-type galectin-8 significantly correlated with cartilage degeneration and that it is secreted by osteoarthritic chondrocytes.
GD-type of structures	altered level							diagnostic	brain cavernous hemangioma	Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System		Human	brain	Brain	32987010	The experiments revealed a ganglioside pattern dominated by GD-type of structures as well as an elevated incidence of species characterized by a low degree of sialylation and short glycan chains, including asialo GA1 (d18:1/18:0), which offer a new perspective upon the ganglioside composition in this benign tumor.
asialo GA1 (d18:1/18:0)	altered level							diagnostic	brain cavernous hemangioma	Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System		Human	brain	Brain	32987010	The experiments revealed a ganglioside pattern dominated by GD-type of structures as well as an elevated incidence of species characterized by a low degree of sialylation and short glycan chains, including asialo GA1 (d18:1/18:0), which offer a new perspective upon the ganglioside composition in this benign tumor.
GD3 (d18:1/24:1)	altered level							diagnostic	brain cavernous hemangioma	Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System		Human	brain	Brain	32987010	The detailed fragmentation analysis performed by collision-induced dissociation (CID) tandem MS provided information of structural elements related to the glycan core and ceramide moiety, which confirmed the molecular configuration of GD3 (d18:1/24:1) and GD3 (d18:1/24:2) species with potential biomarker role.
GD3 (d18:1/24:2)	altered level							diagnostic	brain cavernous hemangioma	Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System		Human	brain	Brain	32987010	The detailed fragmentation analysis performed by collision-induced dissociation (CID) tandem MS provided information of structural elements related to the glycan core and ceramide moiety, which confirmed the molecular configuration of GD3 (d18:1/24:1) and GD3 (d18:1/24:2) species with potential biomarker role.
N-glycan	altered level							diagnostic|monitoring	liver cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		33554541	Using capillary electrophoresis N-glycan fingerprint (NGFP) analysis, we developed a nomogram algorithm (FIB-G) to discriminate LC from non-cirrhotic subjects.
N-glycan	altered level							diagnostic|monitoring	liver fibrosis			Humans	serum		33554541	FIB-G is an accurate multivariant N-glycomic algorithm for LC prediction and fibrosis progression/regression monitoring.
fucosylated glycans	increased level							diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		23586699	All selected candidates showed enhancement of AAL-reactivity in sera of HCC patients compared with that of healthy volunteers (HV).
branched glycans	increased level							diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		23586699	All selected candidates showed enhancement of AAL-reactivity in sera of HCC patients compared with that of healthy volunteers (HV).
Man5GlcNAc2	acquisition of structure	Complement C4		Complement C4				diagnostic|monitoring	PMM2-CDG	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation	liver transplant	Humans	sera	Humans	38587076	We identified a glycopeptide from complement C4 carrying the glycan Man5GlcNAc2, which was not detected in controls, in 5 patients with normal CDT results, including 1 after liver transplant and 2 with a known genetic variant associated with mild disease, indicating greater sensitivity than CDT.
sialyl-T antigen	loss of structure				T-synthase	C1galt1	C1galt1 protein, mouse		brain hemorrhage	Intracranial Hemorrhages		mouse	endothelial, hematopoietic, and epithelial cells	Endothelial Cells	17113876	Gene-targeted mice lacking T-synthase instead expressed the nonsialylated Tn antigen in these cells and developed brain hemorrhage that was uniformly fatal by embryonic day 14.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure				T-synthase	C1galt1	C1galt1 protein, mouse		brain hemorrhage	Intracranial Hemorrhages		mouse	endothelial, hematopoietic, and epithelial cells	Endothelial Cells	17113876	Gene-targeted mice lacking T-synthase instead expressed the nonsialylated Tn antigen in these cells and developed brain hemorrhage that was uniformly fatal by embryonic day 14.
O-glycans	altered level	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins	ST6GalNAc III		Neu5Ac N-acetylgalactosamine 2,6-sialyltransferase					Humans	kidney|brain		16169874	hST6GalNAc III also showed sialyltransferase activity toward O-glycans (but not N-glycans) in fetuin.
6-sulfated glycans	altered level	CD22 antigen			HEC-GlcNAc6ST		Sulfotransferases		immunological events			human	helper T cells	T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer	22446378	Cell surface 6-sulfated glycans play important roles in various immunological events through cell-to-cell interactions.
core 3 O-glycans	decreased level				B3GNT6		Biomarkers, Tumor	prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	colorectal cancer tissues	Colorectal Neoplasms	35387659	B3GNT6 expression was downregulated in colorectal cancer tissues as compared to that in the normal tissues at both mRNA and protein levels.
N-glycosylated chitinase 3-like-1	acquisition of structure	chitinase 3-like-1		Chil1 protein, mouse|Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1					colitis	Colitis	administration of dextran sodium sulfate	mice	intestinal epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	23684751	This interaction was mediated by an N-glycosylated asparagine in chitinase 3-like-1 (amino acid 68) on IECs.
complex glycosylation	unaltered level	E1E2 protein		E1 protein, Hepatitis C virus|glycoprotein E2, Hepatitis C virus				response	Hepatitis C	Hepatitis C	vaccine	Pichia pastoris			20691736	The protein has complex glycosylation and can bind to CD81, the putative HCV receptor.
GlycA	increased level							risk	cardiovascular disease	Cardiovascular Diseases		Humans			28987777	GlycA as well as adverse cardiovascular biomarkers are all higher in Palestinian Arabs than Israeli Jews, even in young healthy adults.
GlycA	increased level							risk	insulin resistance			Humans			28987777	This propensity to inflammation may be a driver of the higher risk of cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance and diabetes observed in this population.
GlycA	increased level							risk	diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus		Humans			28987777	This propensity to inflammation may be a driver of the higher risk of cardiovascular disease, insulin resistance and diabetes observed in this population.
N-linked glycosylation	increased level	Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1		Orosomucoid				diagnostic	squamous cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell		Human	serum		26563422	Sandwich ELISA quantified high serum levels of Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 in squamous cell carcinoma (2.93 g/l ± 1.22) and adenocarcinoma (2.39 g/l ± 1.13) when compared with healthy controls (0.83 g/l ± 0.21).
N-linked glycosylation	increased level	Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1		Orosomucoid				diagnostic	adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma		Human	serum		26563422	Sandwich ELISA quantified high serum levels of Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 in squamous cell carcinoma (2.93 g/l ± 1.22) and adenocarcinoma (2.39 g/l ± 1.13) when compared with healthy controls (0.83 g/l ± 0.21).
oncofetal fucose-rich glycovariants	acquisition of structure	bile salt-dependent lipase		Glycoproteins				diagnostic|response	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal|Pancreatic Neoplasms	dendritic cell vaccination	human|mouse	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells and tissue	Cell Line, Tumor	26405163	Oncofetal fucose-rich glycovariants of the pathological bile salt-dependent lipase (pBSDL) appear during human pancreatic oncogenesis and are detected by themonoclonal antibody J28 (mAbJ28).
advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs)	altered level	collagen		Collagen				risk	subclinical cardiovascular disease	Cardiovascular Diseases		Humans	skin	Skin	26341632	We recently reported strong associations between eight skin collagen AGEs and two solubility markers from skin biopsies obtained at DCCT study closeout and the long-term progression of microvascular disease in EDIC, despite adjustment for mean glycemia.
furosine	altered level	collagen		Collagen				risk	coronary artery calcium score	Coronary Artery Disease		Humans	skin	Skin	26341632	Spearman correlations showed furosine (early glycation) was associated with future mean CAC (p < 0.05) and CAC >0 (p = 0.039), [corrected] but not with CAC score <100 vs. >100.
glucosepane	altered level	collagen		Collagen				risk	carotid intima-media thickness	Carotid Intima-Media Thickness		Humans	skin	Skin	26341632	Glucosepane and pentosidine crosslinks, methylglyoxal hydroimidazolones (MG-H1) and pepsin solubility (inversely) correlated with IMT change from year 1 to 6(all P < 0.05).
pentosidine	altered level	collagen		Collagen				risk	carotid intima-media thickness	Carotid Intima-Media Thickness		Humans	skin	Skin	26341632	Glucosepane and pentosidine crosslinks, methylglyoxal hydroimidazolones (MG-H1) and pepsin solubility (inversely) correlated with IMT change from year 1 to 6(all P < 0.05).
methylglyoxal hydroimidazolones (MG-H1)	altered level	collagen		Collagen				risk	carotid intima-media thickness	Carotid Intima-Media Thickness		Humans	skin	Skin	26341632	Glucosepane and pentosidine crosslinks, methylglyoxal hydroimidazolones (MG-H1) and pepsin solubility (inversely) correlated with IMT change from year 1 to 6(all P < 0.05).
methylglyoxal hydroimidazolones (MG-H1)	altered level	collagen		Collagen				risk	left ventricular mass	Heart Diseases		Humans	skin	Skin	26341632	Left ventricular (LV) mass (cMRI) correlated with MG-H1, and inversely with pepsin solubility (both p < 0.05), while the ratio LV mass/end diastolic volume correlated with furosine and MG-H1 (both p < 0.05), and highly with CML (p < 0.01).
furosine	altered level	collagen		Collagen				risk	left ventricular mass	Heart Diseases		Humans	skin	Skin	26341632	Left ventricular (LV) mass (cMRI) correlated with MG-H1, and inversely with pepsin solubility (both p < 0.05), while the ratio LV mass/end diastolic volume correlated with furosine and MG-H1 (both p < 0.05), and highly with CML (p < 0.01).
CD83 glycan	altered level	CD83		Antigens, CD					LPS-induced activation	Lipopolysaccharides		Human	dendritic cells	Dendritic Cells	15320871	The rapid CD83 surface induction on DCs and macrophages was blocked by brefeldin A, but not by cycloheximide, showing that fresh CD83 synthesis was not essential.
CD83 glycan	altered level	CD83		Antigens, CD					LPS-induced activation	Lipopolysaccharides		Human	macrophages	Macrophages	15320871	The rapid CD83 surface induction on DCs and macrophages was blocked by brefeldin A, but not by cycloheximide, showing that fresh CD83 synthesis was not essential.
N-linked glycosylation	unaltered level	hGC-1		OLFM4 protein, human					normal myeloid-specific lineage differentiation			human	myeloid cells	Myeloid Cells	11867215	Together, our findings indicate that hGC-1 is primarily expressed as an extracellular olfactomedin-related glycoprotein during normal myeloid-specific lineage differentiation, suggesting the possibility of a matrix-related function for hGC-1 in differentiation.
alpha-mannosyl ceramide	undetermined								immune system regulation			Mice	NKT cells	Killer Cells, Natural	15975513	Comprehensive examinations revealed substantial antigenic activity for Valpha19 NKT cells by alpha-mannosyl ceramide.
glycated Lp(a)	increased level	Lipoprotein(a)		Lipoprotein(a)				risk	cardiovascular complications	Cardiovascular Diseases		Humans	vascular endothelial cells	Endothelium, Vascular	10856522	The levels of glycated Lp(a) are elevated in diabetic patients.
glycated Lp(a)	increased level	Lipoprotein(a)		Lipoprotein(a)				risk	diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus		Humans	vascular endothelial cells	Endothelium, Vascular	10856522	The levels of glycated Lp(a) are elevated in diabetic patients.
N-glycan	unaltered level	Spike Glycoprotein		Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus|spike protein, SARS-CoV-2				response	COVID-19	COVID-19 Vaccines	vaccine	Mouse	serum		34108961	Our result showed that the purified RBD immunogen is stable up to 72 h, without any apparent loss in affinity or specificity of interaction with the ACE2 receptor.
HIV Envelope Protein gp120	altered level	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|gp120 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1				response	HIV-1	HIV-1	vaccine development	Rabbits			27815444	Rabbits immunized with the crosslinked complex displayed earlier affinity maturation, achieving tier 1 virus neutralization compared with animals immunized with gp120 core alone.
sialoglycoproteins	increased level	CD105|neuropilin-1|CLEC14A|GLUT-1|TMEM16F|SDF4		ENG protein, human|Neuropilin-1|CLEC14A protein, human|Glucose Transporter Type 1|ANO6 protein, human|SDF4 protein, human					angiogenesis	Neovascularization, Physiologic		zebrafish	endothelial cells	Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells	25384978	First, our approach was validated by the identification of sialoglycoproteins such as CD105, neuropilin-1, and CLEC14A, which have already been described as playing key roles in angiogenesis.
O-GlcNAcylation	undetermined	Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2		Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2					Diabetic Hyperglycemia			mouse|human			33926209	CaMKII Serine 280 O-GlcNAcylation Links Diabetic Hyperglycemia to Proarrhythmia.
N-glycosylation	altered level				α-1,2-mannosidase MAN1C1	MAN1C1	Mannosidases|mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,2-alpha-mannosidase	prognostic	glioblastoma multiforme	Glioblastoma	immunotherapeutic	Humans	glioma stem cells	Neoplastic Stem Cells	39333557	We found that high α-1,2-mannosidase MAN1C1 is associated with immunological functions and worse survival of glioma patients.
sialyl Lewis X	acquisition of structure	hemagglutinin		Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus|hemagglutinin, avian influenza A virus	neuraminidase		NA protein, influenza A virus|Neuraminidase		avian influenza	Influenza A virus		duck	intestinal tract		26542967	Inconsistent with the glycan-binding specificity of the recombinant HA protein, virions of Dk/MNG bound to both 3'SLacNAc and 3'SLeX.
sialyl Lewis X	acquisition of structure	hemagglutinin		Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus|hemagglutinin, avian influenza A virus	neuraminidase		NA protein, influenza A virus|Neuraminidase		avian influenza	Influenza A virus		chicken	trachea		26542967	Previous studies revealed that sialyl Lewis X (3'SLeX), which is fucosylated α2,3 sialoside, was predominantly detected on the epithelial cells of the chicken trachea, whereas this glycan structure is not found in the duck intestinal tract.
glycosylated angiotensin-(1-7) peptide	acquisition of structure	Mas receptor		Proto-Oncogene Mas				response	vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia	Dementia, Vascular	PNA5	mouse	brain	Brain	30709867	This study used our mouse model of VCID/HF to test our novel glycosylated angiotensin-(1-7) peptide Ang-1-6-O-Ser-Glc-NH2 (PNA5) as a therapy to treat VCID and to investigate circulating inflammatory biomarkers that may be involved.
glycosylated angiotensin-(1-7) peptide	acquisition of structure	Mas receptor		Proto-Oncogene Mas				response	heart failure	Heart Failure	PNA5	mouse	brain	Brain	30709867	This study used our mouse model of VCID/HF to test our novel glycosylated angiotensin-(1-7) peptide Ang-1-6-O-Ser-Glc-NH2 (PNA5) as a therapy to treat VCID and to investigate circulating inflammatory biomarkers that may be involved.
galactose-deficient immunoglobulin A1	increased level	immunoglobulin A1		Immunoglobulin A				risk	IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans	serum		21326171	Serum galactose-deficient immunoglobulin A1 (Gd-IgA1) is an inherited risk factor for adult IgA nephropathy (IgAN).
galactose-deficient immunoglobulin A1	increased level	immunoglobulin A1		Immunoglobulin A				risk	Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis	IgA Vasculitis		Humans	serum		21326171	In this paper, we determined the heritability of serum Gd-IgA1 levels in children with IgAN and Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN), two disorders with clinical phenotypes sharing common pathogenic mechanisms.
N-glycan	loss of structure	Oa1 protein		Membrane Glycoproteins					ocular albinism	Albinism, Ocular		mouse	COS cells|cultured murine melanocytes	COS Cells|Melanocytes	11775061	A number of mutations in the OA1 gene lead to ocular albinism due at least in part to retention of the aberrant protein in the endoplasmic reticulum.
GP 3	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				predictive	increased fasting plasma glucose			Humans	plasma		30004843	Moreover, of the 24 glycan peaks (GPs), GPs 3, 8, and 11 presented positive trends with increased FPG levels, whereas GPs 4 and 14 presented negative trends.
GP 8	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				predictive	increased fasting plasma glucose			Humans	plasma		30004843	Moreover, of the 24 glycan peaks (GPs), GPs 3, 8, and 11 presented positive trends with increased FPG levels, whereas GPs 4 and 14 presented negative trends.
GP 11	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				predictive	increased fasting plasma glucose			Humans	plasma		30004843	Moreover, of the 24 glycan peaks (GPs), GPs 3, 8, and 11 presented positive trends with increased FPG levels, whereas GPs 4 and 14 presented negative trends.
GP 4	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				predictive	increased fasting plasma glucose			Humans	plasma		30004843	Moreover, of the 24 glycan peaks (GPs), GPs 3, 8, and 11 presented positive trends with increased FPG levels, whereas GPs 4 and 14 presented negative trends.
GP 14	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				predictive	increased fasting plasma glucose			Humans	plasma		30004843	Moreover, of the 24 glycan peaks (GPs), GPs 3, 8, and 11 presented positive trends with increased FPG levels, whereas GPs 4 and 14 presented negative trends.
sialylated glycans	loss of structure	Siglec-7		SIGLEC7 protein, human					pathogen recognition	Host-Pathogen Interactions		human	monocytes	Leukocytes, Mononuclear	23029261	The presence of an activating form of Siglec-7 in monocytes provides the host with a new and alternative mechanism to encounter pathogens not expressing sialylated glycans.
oligo mannose-rich glycoproteins	altered level								Fascioliasis	Fascioliasis		Fasciola hepatica	Extracellular Vesicles	Extracellular Vesicles	32898175	Glycan arrays revealed surface-exposed glycans with a high affinity for mannose-binding lectins indicating the predominance of oligo mannose-rich glycoproteins, as well as other glycans with a high affinity for complex-type N-glycans.
complex-type N-glycans	altered level								Fascioliasis	Fascioliasis		Fasciola hepatica	Extracellular Vesicles	Extracellular Vesicles	32898175	Glycan arrays revealed surface-exposed glycans with a high affinity for mannose-binding lectins indicating the predominance of oligo mannose-rich glycoproteins, as well as other glycans with a high affinity for complex-type N-glycans.
sialic acid-bearing glycans	undetermined								inflammation	Inflammation		Humans	monocytes|neutrophils	Monocytes|	26459514	Siglecs are Ig-superfamily lectins on mammalian leukocytes that recognize sialic acid-bearing glycans and thereby modulate immune responses.
MUC1 mucin	unaltered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					adenocarcinomas	Adenocarcinoma		Humans	Peripheral blood mononuclear cells|tumor-draining lymph node cells|tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes	Leukocytes, Mononuclear||	10687132	MUC1 mucin peptides stimulated cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) from humans with adenocarcinomas.
MUC1 mucin	unaltered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast cancer cell line	Tumor Cells, Cultured	10687132	However, the CTL stimulated by either the native MUC1-mtr1 or (T3N) MUC1-mtr1 showed 5-10 times greater cytotoxicity of a breast cancer cell line that expresses MUC1 compared to CTL stimulated by either anti-CD3 + IL-2 or IL-2 alone.
glycosylation pattern	altered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	Prostate cancer			Humans		Humans	27883257	The aberrant glycosylation pattern of PSA may serve as a valuable tool for improving PCa diagnosis including its early-stage.
Lewis X (Le(x))-containing glycan	altered level	ZP3		Zona Pellucida Glycoproteins|Zp3 protein, mouse					fertilization			mouse	sperm		15128590	O-linked glycans on mouse glycoprotein ZP3 have been implicated in mediating one step of the fertilization process, the firm adhesion of acrosome-intact sperm to the ZP.
Lewis A (Le(a))-capped glycan	altered level	ZP3		Zona Pellucida Glycoproteins|Zp3 protein, mouse					fertilization			mouse	sperm		15128590	A Lewis A (Le(a))-capped glycan (Gal beta 3[Fuc alpha 4]GlcNAc) was also a potent inhibitor (IC(50) approximately 150-200 nM), but at saturation, it reduced Alexa(568)-ZP3 binding by only 30%.
A2G1(6)FB	increased level							diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		human	serum		33255418	We found that the level of serum N-glycan A2G1(6)FB, a biantennary N-glycan containing core fucose and bisecting GlcNAc residues, was significantly higher in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected cirrhotic patients with HCC than in those without HCC.
A2G1(6)FB	increased level							diagnostic	liver cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		human	serum		33255418	We found that the level of serum N-glycan A2G1(6)FB, a biantennary N-glycan containing core fucose and bisecting GlcNAc residues, was significantly higher in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected cirrhotic patients with HCC than in those without HCC.
N-acetylglucosamine	altered level											Horse	olfactory mucosa	Olfactory Mucosa	27040092	Lectin histochemistry revealed that a variety of carbohydrate sugar residues, including N-acetylglucosamine, mannose, galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine, fucose and complex type N-glycan groups, are present in the various cell types in the olfactory mucosa at varying levels.
mannose	altered level											Horse	olfactory mucosa	Olfactory Mucosa	27040092	Lectin histochemistry revealed that a variety of carbohydrate sugar residues, including N-acetylglucosamine, mannose, galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine, fucose and complex type N-glycan groups, are present in the various cell types in the olfactory mucosa at varying levels.
galactose	altered level											Horse	olfactory mucosa	Olfactory Mucosa	27040092	Lectin histochemistry revealed that a variety of carbohydrate sugar residues, including N-acetylglucosamine, mannose, galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine, fucose and complex type N-glycan groups, are present in the various cell types in the olfactory mucosa at varying levels.
N-acetylgalactosamine	altered level											Horse	olfactory mucosa	Olfactory Mucosa	27040092	Lectin histochemistry revealed that a variety of carbohydrate sugar residues, including N-acetylglucosamine, mannose, galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine, fucose and complex type N-glycan groups, are present in the various cell types in the olfactory mucosa at varying levels.
fucose	altered level											Horse	olfactory mucosa	Olfactory Mucosa	27040092	Lectin histochemistry revealed that a variety of carbohydrate sugar residues, including N-acetylglucosamine, mannose, galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine, fucose and complex type N-glycan groups, are present in the various cell types in the olfactory mucosa at varying levels.
complex type N-glycan groups	altered level											Horse	olfactory mucosa	Olfactory Mucosa	27040092	Lectin histochemistry revealed that a variety of carbohydrate sugar residues, including N-acetylglucosamine, mannose, galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine, fucose and complex type N-glycan groups, are present in the various cell types in the olfactory mucosa at varying levels.
natural complex glycan ligand of selectins	unaltered level	E-selectin|P-selectin		E-Selectin|P-Selectin				diagnostic	multiple sclerosis			mammals	brain endothelium	Endothelium, Vascular	19106304	These first examples of MRI-visible glyconanoparticles display multiple copies of the natural complex glycan ligand of selectins.
natural complex glycan ligand of selectins	unaltered level	E-selectin|P-selectin		E-Selectin|P-Selectin				diagnostic	ischemic stroke			mammals	brain endothelium	Endothelium, Vascular	19106304	These first examples of MRI-visible glyconanoparticles display multiple copies of the natural complex glycan ligand of selectins.
natural complex glycan ligand of selectins	unaltered level	E-selectin|P-selectin		E-Selectin|P-Selectin				diagnostic	HIV-related dementia			mammals	brain endothelium	Endothelium, Vascular	19106304	These first examples of MRI-visible glyconanoparticles display multiple copies of the natural complex glycan ligand of selectins.
Lewis X	increased level	Ovalbumin		Ovalbumin				response	immune response modulation		immunization with Le(X)-OVA conjugates	Mice	dendritic cell /T cell coculture system	Dendritic Cells|T-Lymphocytes	24616167	Multivalent presentation of Le(X) on the model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) led to increased cytokine production in a dendritic cell /T cell coculture system.
fucosylated lactosaminoglycans	increased level	MUC-1		MUC1 tandem repeat peptide|Mucin-1					secretory phase of the menstrual cycle			Humans	endometrial epithelium	Endometrium|Epithelium	10611259	Specific terminal carbohydrate structures and mucin-associated glycans increase in expression within the human endometrial epithelium during the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle but exhibit wide intercellular variation.
keratan sulphate	increased level	MUC-1		MUC1 tandem repeat peptide|Mucin-1					secretory phase of the menstrual cycle			Humans	endometrial epithelium	Endometrium|Epithelium	10611259	Specific terminal carbohydrate structures and mucin-associated glycans increase in expression within the human endometrial epithelium during the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle but exhibit wide intercellular variation.
Thomsen-nouveau (Tn) antigen	increased level							response	cancer	Neoplasms	anti-cancer vaccines	Mice	B cells	B-Lymphocytes	27294537	In this study, a series of defined synthetic glyco-polymers bearing a representative TACA, i.e., the Thomsen-nouveau (Tn) antigen, have been prepared to probe the induction of early B cell activation and antibody production via a T cell independent mechanism.
core3MUC1 (GlcNAcβ1-3GalNAc-MUC1)	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	serum		21385452	High levels of a subset of autoantibodies to the core3MUC1 (GlcNAcβ1-3GalNAc-MUC1) and STnMUC1 (NeuAcα2,6GalNAc-MUC1) glycoforms were significantly associated with reduced incidence and increased time to metastasis.
STnMUC1 (NeuAcα2,6GalNAc-MUC1)	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	serum		21385452	High levels of a subset of autoantibodies to the core3MUC1 (GlcNAcβ1-3GalNAc-MUC1) and STnMUC1 (NeuAcα2,6GalNAc-MUC1) glycoforms were significantly associated with reduced incidence and increased time to metastasis.
Tn antigen	altered level			Tn antigen					leukemia			Humans	cancer cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	19699708	In the present paper, we developed a capillary electrophoresis method for the determination of Tn antigen, and applied the method to the analysis of the expressed Tn antigen on some leukemia and epithelial cancer cells.
Tn antigen	altered level			Tn antigen					epithelial cancer			Humans	cancer cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	19699708	In the present paper, we developed a capillary electrophoresis method for the determination of Tn antigen, and applied the method to the analysis of the expressed Tn antigen on some leukemia and epithelial cancer cells.
N-glycans	decreased level	Tamm-Horsfall protein		UMOD protein, human|Uromodulin				diagnostic	interstitial cystitis	Cystitis, Interstitial		human	urine		17945284	The total mean sialic acid content of Tamm-Horsfall protein was almost 2-fold lower in 22 patients with interstitial cystitis compared with that in 20 controls (46.3 +/- 4.3 vs 75.3 +/- 4.1 nmol sialic acid per mg Tamm-Horsfall protein, respectively, p <0.0001).
sialic acid	decreased level	Tamm-Horsfall protein		UMOD protein, human|Uromodulin				diagnostic	interstitial cystitis	Cystitis, Interstitial		human	urine		17945284	The total mean sialic acid content of Tamm-Horsfall protein was almost 2-fold lower in 22 patients with interstitial cystitis compared with that in 20 controls (46.3 +/- 4.3 vs 75.3 +/- 4.1 nmol sialic acid per mg Tamm-Horsfall protein, respectively, p <0.0001).
glycosylation	altered level	CEACAM1		Antigens, CD|CD66 antigens								Human		Humans	35219398	Our results suggest the GFCC'C″ dimer is dominant in solution with different levels of glycosylation, and structural conservation and co-evolved residues support that the GFCC'C″ dimer is conserved across CEACAMs.
MUC1	unaltered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					cancer		cancer vaccines	Humans	sera and ascites		11034378	MUC1 is a heavily glycosylated membrane protein that is also present in soluble form in sera and ascites of cancer patients.
HER-2/neu	unaltered level	HER-2/neu		Receptor, ErbB-2					cancer		cancer vaccines	Humans	sera and ascites		11034378	We also demonstrate inhibited processing of another important glycoprotein tumor Ag, HER-2/neu.
sialylated lipopolysaccharide	increased level								Neisseria meningitidis infection	Neisseria meningitidis		Mice	Macrophages	Macrophages	12940982	This study demonstrates that Nm LPS sialylation can lead to increased bacterial susceptibility to phagocytic uptake, a phenomenon in direct contrast to previously reported protective effects of LPS sialylation.
α2-6-linked sialic acid	increased level				ST6Gal-I	ST6GAL1	Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human	diagnostic	epithelial cancers	Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial		human	epithelial tumors	Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial	23358684	Here, we show upregulated ST6Gal-I protein in several epithelial cancers, including many colon carcinomas.
α2-6-linked sialic acid	increased level				ST6Gal-I	ST6GAL1	Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human	diagnostic|response	colon carcinomas	Colonic Neoplasms	irinotecan	human	colon carcinoma cells	Colonic Neoplasms	23358684	Selection of irinotecan resistance in colon carcinoma cells led to a greater proportion of CSCs compared with parental cells, as measured by the CSC markers CD133 and ALDH1 activity (Aldefluor).
sialylated N-glycans	increased level	CTLA4-Ig		CTLA-4 Antigen|Immunoglobulin G	α2,6-sialyltransferase							Chinese hamster	CHO cell line	CHO Cells	35219175	Compared to CHOWT, neutral and mono-sialylated glycans decreased (-10.9% and -18.6%, respectively), while bi- and tri-sialylated N-glycans increased (4.1% and 85.7%, respectively) in CHOGnT-IV∙ST (cells co-overexpressing GnT-IV and α2,6-ST).
neutral N-glycans	decreased level	CTLA4-Ig		CTLA-4 Antigen|Immunoglobulin G	α2,6-sialyltransferase							Chinese hamster	CHO cell line	CHO Cells	35219175	The sum of the relative quantities of neutral N-glycans decreased from 32.0% to 28.5%, while that of sialylated N-glycans increased from 68.0% to 71.5% in CHOGnT-IV∙ST.
N-glycans	altered level	transferrin|beta-trace protein		Transferrin|	dolichol-phosphate-mannose synthase	DPM1	dolichyl-phosphate beta-D-mannosyltransferase		congenital disorder of glycosylation type Ie	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation	mannose supplementation	Humans	fibroblast cells	Fibroblasts	10642602	Because DPM1 deficiency, like other subtypes of CDG-I, impairs the assembly of N-glycans, this novel glycosylation defect was named CDG-Ie.
CA 15-3	unaltered level	Mucin 1		Mucin-1					normal pregnancy			Human	trophoblast	Trophoblasts	22873100	Immunohistochemical analysis of normal placenta demonstrated that trophoblast cells express both mucin antigens throughout gestation with a distinct staining pattern.
CA 19-9	unaltered level	Mucin 1		Mucin-1					normal pregnancy			Human	trophoblast	Trophoblasts	22873100	Immunohistochemical analysis of normal placenta demonstrated that trophoblast cells express both mucin antigens throughout gestation with a distinct staining pattern.
Tn antigen	decreased level				Cosmc		C1GALT1C1 protein, human	prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer cells		32452513	Consequently, the levels of proliferation-related factors and Tn antigen were decreased, while those of apoptosis-related factors and T antigen were increased in BC cells.
T antigen	increased level				Cosmc		C1GALT1C1 protein, human	prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer cells		32452513	Consequently, the levels of proliferation-related factors and Tn antigen were decreased, while those of apoptosis-related factors and T antigen were increased in BC cells.
tetra-antennary N-glycans	acquisition of structure	hCGα		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human								Humans	urinary hCG	Chorionic Gonadotropin	38354538	Finally, the Con A SPE led to the fractionation of some glycoforms of uhCG, allowing the detection of an hCGα glycoform with two tetra-antennary N-glycans that couldn't be detected by direct analysis in nanoLC-HRMS without Con A SPE.
tri-antennary N-glycans	acquisition of structure	hCGα		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human								Humans	recombinant hCG	Chorionic Gonadotropin	38354538	Regarding a recombinant hCG, a fractionation was also observed leading to the detection of unretained hCGα glycoforms with tri-antennary N-glycans.
O-glycan	increased level								Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease	Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease		Humans	Liver	Humans|Liver	30790285	The target genes of upregulated miRNAs mainly enriched in the RNA polymerase II promoter transcriptional regulation, chromatin remodeling process, and O-glycan synthesis, circadian rhythm, and endocytosis;
Neu5Ac-α2, 6-Gal-β1, 4-GlcNAc-β1, 4-GlcNAc	acquisition of structure				chitobiosyldiphosphodolichol beta-mannosyltransferase		Mannosyltransferases|chitobiosyldiphosphodolichol beta-mannosyltransferase	diagnostic	ALG1-CDG	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation					33080352	One tetrasaccharide, i.e., Neu5Ac-α2, 6-Gal-β1, 4-GlcNAc-β1, 4-GlcNAc, was recently reported as the biomarker of ALG1-CDG, the disease caused by ALG1 deficiency.
sialyl residue	altered level								metastatic potential	Neoplasm Metastasis		human	H7721 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	12458342	Sialyl residue is not essential for cell adhesion to Fn, but is important in cell adhesion to Ln and invasion, and is crucial in cell adhesion to HUVEC and migration.
fucosyl residue	altered level								metastatic potential	Neoplasm Metastasis		human	H7721 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	12458342	In contrast, fucosyl residue contributes more than sialyl residue to cell adhesion to Fn and Ln, but less to adhesion to HUVEC, and is not essential in chemotactic cell migration and invasion.
sialyl Lewis X	altered level								metastatic potential	Neoplasm Metastasis		human	H7721 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	12458342	Cell adhesion to HUVEC, migration, and invasion were inhibited by the monoclonal antibody of sialyl Lewis X, but not by the antibody of non-sialyl Lewis X.
sTRA	altered level							diagnostic	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal		Humans	plasma		30617132	We hypothesized that a glycan called sTRA (sialylated tumor-related antigen) is a biomarker for PDAC that improves upon CA19-9.
BMA-binding N-acetyl galactosamine/galactose (GalNAc/Gal)-associated glycan (BMAG)	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	cholangiocarcinoma	Cholangiocarcinoma		Humans|Cricetinae	bile ducts|serum	Bile Duct Neoplasms|	34066878	In summary, BMAG was aberrantly expressed in preneoplastic bile ducts and CCA, it was also highly detected in patient serum which potentially used as a marker for diagnosis and prognostic prediction of CCA.
α2,3-sialyl N-glycosylated PSA	increased level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	prostate tissue	Prostate	34549452	S23PSA was significantly higher in Gleason pattern 4 and 5 compared with benign prostate tissue.
Siglec-9 sialoglycan ligands	increased level				UDP-galactose-4-epimerase		UDPglucose 4-Epimerase	risk	diabetic angiopathy			Homo sapiens	aorta	Aorta	30471282	We conclude that exposure to high-glucose results in up-regulation of immune inhibitory Siglec-9 sialoglycan ligands on aorta and HUV-EC-C cells downstream of altered GALE and GalNAc expression, resulting in up-regulation of apoptosis and decrease of phagocytic activity of macrophages.
Siglec-9 sialoglycan ligands	increased level				UDP-galactose-4-epimerase		UDPglucose 4-Epimerase	risk	atherosclerosis			Homo sapiens	aorta	Aorta	30471282	Changes in Siglec-9 sialoglycan ligand expression on vascular endothelial cells may be a natural response to the initial steps of atherosclerosis and might be a potential target to regulate inflammation in diabetic angiopathy.
T-antigen disaccharide	undetermined								Tumor-Associated	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					20826825	The Maclura pomifera agglutinin (MPA) recognizes the T-antigen disaccharide Galβ1,3GalNAc mainly through interaction of the α-GalNAc moiety with its primary site, but the interactions of the two flanking subsites A and B with aglycones and substituents other than Gal, respectively, are not well understood.
Tn-antigen mimic	undetermined								Tumor-Associated	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					20826825	Notably, a GalNAc-O-tripeptide, a Tn-antigen mimic, showed lower affinity than these compounds in surface plasmon resonance (SPR) experiments.
N-linked glycan	undetermined	Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator Protein		Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator Protein					autoimmune diseases		immune checkpoint blockade	Humans	T cells		33033255	Furthermore, our structure and binding data reveal that the ICOS N110 N-linked glycan participates in ICOS-L binding.
N-linked glycan	undetermined	Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator Protein		Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator Protein					cancer		immune checkpoint blockade	Humans	T cells		33033255	Furthermore, our structure and binding data reveal that the ICOS N110 N-linked glycan participates in ICOS-L binding.
glycan	undetermined								cancer				cancer cells		35543747	The presented strategy with high sensitivity provided a promising and universal platform for the detection of other cancer cells and disease-related biomarkers (such as proteins, glycan, miRNA).
sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 8	unaltered level	Siglec-8		SIGLEC8 protein, human					mast cell apoptosis			human	mast cells	Mast Cells	18036650	Siglec-8 engagement failed to induce human mast cell apoptosis.
sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 8	decreased level	Siglec-8		SIGLEC8 protein, human					FcepsilonRI-dependent histamine and prostaglandin D(2) release	Histamine Release|Prostaglandin D2		human	mast cells	Mast Cells	18036650	However, preincubation with Siglec-8 mAbs significantly (P < .05) inhibited FcepsilonRI-dependent histamine and prostaglandin D(2) release, Ca++ flux, and anti-IgE-evoked contractions of human bronchial rings.
N-glycan	unaltered level	TRPV5		TRPV5 protein, human				diagnostic	hypercalciuric nephrolithiasis	Nephrolithiasis		Humans	urine		27036738	We established a semiquantitative assay for detecting MUC1 in human urine and found that, compared with controls (n=12), patients (n=12) with hypercalciuric nephrolithiasis had significantly decreased levels of urinary MUC1.
truncated O-glycan	increased level	MUC16		MUC16 protein, human				prognostic	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal		human	pancreatic cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	35628269	Elevated levels of Mucin-16 (MUC16) in conjunction with a high expression of truncated O-glycans is implicated in playing crucial roles in the malignancy of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen	unaltered level							diagnostic|prognostic	ovarian peritoneal carcinomatosis	Ovarian Neoplasms|Peritoneal Neoplasms	cytoreductive surgery	mouse	peritoneal cavity	Peritoneal Neoplasms	32126396	This lectin has an intrinsic specificity for a carcinoma-associated glycan biomarker, the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen.
Nd2 epitope	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	pancreatic carcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal|Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	SW1990 pancreatic carcinoma cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	11029487	Dibutyryl cyclic AMP and forskolin were both effective in increasing the level of Nd2 antigen in SW1990 cells.
fPSA glycosylation	altered level	Prostate Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic|prognostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans		Humans	26720920	The dual approach provides sensitive detection of fPSA along with selective fPSA glycoprofiling, which is of significant importance in the diagnosis and prognosis of PCa, as tumor progression is associated with changes in fPSA glycosylation.
galectin-7	loss of structure								defects in epidermal homeostasis			mouse	epidermis	Epidermis	18829868	We report here the generation of galectin-7-deficient mice that are viable and do not display phenotypical abnormalities in skin structure or expression of epidermal markers.
galectin-7	loss of structure								defects in epidermal homeostasis		UVB irradiation	mouse	epidermis	Epidermis	18829868	First, after UVB irradiation in vivo, the apoptotic response is prematurely triggered and lasts longer in the mutant epidermis.
galectin-7	loss of structure								defects in epidermal homeostasis		wound-healing	mouse	epidermis	Epidermis	18829868	Second, wound-healing experiments in vivo revealed that galectin-7-deficient mice displayed a reduced reepithelialization potential compared with wild-type littermates.
sialyl-Tn	increased level							diagnostic	bladder cancer			Humans	Circulating tumour cells	Neoplastic Cells, Circulating	30273682	Here we explore the overexpression of the membrane protein O-glycan sialyl-Tn (STn) antigen in advanced bladder and colorectal tumours, but not in blood cells, to propose a novel CTC isolation technology.
sialyl-Tn	increased level							diagnostic	colorectal cancer			Humans	Circulating tumour cells	Neoplastic Cells, Circulating	30273682	Here we explore the overexpression of the membrane protein O-glycan sialyl-Tn (STn) antigen in advanced bladder and colorectal tumours, but not in blood cells, to propose a novel CTC isolation technology.
O-glycans	altered level	MUC1F/6TR mucins		Mucin-1					pancreatic carcinoma			human	Panc1 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	15716126	The FAB-MS spectra showed O-glycans that had been detected previously on chimeric mucins carrying different tandem repeats, though the spectra for MUC1F/6TR mucins expressed in the Panc1 and Caco2 cells were very different.
O-glycans	altered level	MUC1F/6TR mucins		Mucin-1					colon carcinoma			human	Caco2 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	15716126	The FAB-MS spectra showed O-glycans that had been detected previously on chimeric mucins carrying different tandem repeats, though the spectra for MUC1F/6TR mucins expressed in the Panc1 and Caco2 cells were very different.
sialyl-Tn	altered level							prognostic	poor prognosis						10722702	Fourth, siglecs-2 (CD22), -3, -5, and -6 (obesity-binding protein 1) showed significant binding to sialyl-Tn (Neu5Acalpha2-6-GalNAc), a tumor marker associated with poor prognosis.
SSEA-3	unaltered level			stage-specific embryonic antigen-3					pluripotency			Human	amniotic epithelium	Epithelial Cells	24505948	Moreover, the use of some crucial pluripotency markers such as SSEA-3 and SSEA-4 has recently been questioned due to the possibility that the pattern of surface glycans may be changed depending on the content of the cell culture medium.
SSEA-4	unaltered level			stage-specific embryonic antigen-4					pluripotency			Human	amniotic epithelium	Epithelial Cells	24505948	Moreover, the use of some crucial pluripotency markers such as SSEA-3 and SSEA-4 has recently been questioned due to the possibility that the pattern of surface glycans may be changed depending on the content of the cell culture medium.
Lewisx trisaccharide	undetermined														15845541	Screening of a glycan array and further quantitative binding studies indicate that this selectivity results from high affinity binding to glycans bearing the Lewis(x) trisaccharide.
MUC1-glycopeptides	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	epithelial tumor		cancer vaccines and immunotherapeutics		epithelial tumor cells		25212389	The mucin MUC1 is a glycoprotein involved in fundamental biological processes, which can be found over-expressed and with a distinctly altered glycan pattern on epithelial tumor cells; thus it is a promising target structure in the quest for effective carbohydrate-based cancer vaccines and immunotherapeutics.
GM1-like oligosaccharides	acquisition of structure								Guillain-Barré syndrome			Campylobacter jejuni	lipooligosaccharides	Lipopolysaccharides	16790787	Campylobacter jejuni is a common pathogen of humans that expresses surface lipooligosaccharides (LOS) that can be modified with ganglioside-like terminal structures in the core oligosaccharides.
GT1a-like oligosaccharides	acquisition of structure								Guillain-Barré syndrome			Campylobacter jejuni	lipooligosaccharides	Lipopolysaccharides	16790787	Campylobacter jejuni is a common pathogen of humans that expresses surface lipooligosaccharides (LOS) that can be modified with ganglioside-like terminal structures in the core oligosaccharides.
GD3-like oligosaccharides	acquisition of structure								Guillain-Barré syndrome			Campylobacter jejuni	lipooligosaccharides	Lipopolysaccharides	16790787	Campylobacter jejuni is a common pathogen of humans that expresses surface lipooligosaccharides (LOS) that can be modified with ganglioside-like terminal structures in the core oligosaccharides.
GD1a-like oligosaccharides	acquisition of structure								Guillain-Barré syndrome			Campylobacter jejuni	lipooligosaccharides	Lipopolysaccharides	16790787	Campylobacter jejuni is a common pathogen of humans that expresses surface lipooligosaccharides (LOS) that can be modified with ganglioside-like terminal structures in the core oligosaccharides.
Gal	undetermined	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins								Cattle	bovine fetuin	Animals	11048645	Using this condition, analysis of free monosaccharides hydrolyzed from the bovine fetuin showed sugar composition of Gal: Man: GlcN: GaIN = 13.2: 11.0: 15.5: 2.6, which is closely matched with the reported value of 12.4: 9.6: 17.2: 2.7 (Townsend et al., ABRF News 8: 14, 1997).
Man	undetermined	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins								Cattle	bovine fetuin	Animals	11048645	Using this condition, analysis of free monosaccharides hydrolyzed from the bovine fetuin showed sugar composition of Gal: Man: GlcN: GaIN = 13.2: 11.0: 15.5: 2.6, which is closely matched with the reported value of 12.4: 9.6: 17.2: 2.7 (Townsend et al., ABRF News 8: 14, 1997).
GlcN	undetermined	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins								Cattle	bovine fetuin	Animals	11048645	Using this condition, analysis of free monosaccharides hydrolyzed from the bovine fetuin showed sugar composition of Gal: Man: GlcN: GaIN = 13.2: 11.0: 15.5: 2.6, which is closely matched with the reported value of 12.4: 9.6: 17.2: 2.7 (Townsend et al., ABRF News 8: 14, 1997).
GaIN	undetermined	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins								Cattle	bovine fetuin	Animals	11048645	Using this condition, analysis of free monosaccharides hydrolyzed from the bovine fetuin showed sugar composition of Gal: Man: GlcN: GaIN = 13.2: 11.0: 15.5: 2.6, which is closely matched with the reported value of 12.4: 9.6: 17.2: 2.7 (Townsend et al., ABRF News 8: 14, 1997).
bisecting GlcNAc	increased level	ceruloplasmin		Ceruloplasmin				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		35954297	The results showed that bisecting GlcNAc structures of glycoproteins are significantly increased in PC patients' sera.
N-linked sialyl Le(x) determinants	acquisition of structure	transferrin		Transferrin					pregnancy			human	amniotic fluid	Amniotic Fluid	9751792	Besides conventional N-glycans established earlier for human serum transferrin (hST), new (alpha1-3)-fucosylated N-glycans were found, representing sialyl Le(x) elements.
O-glycans	acquisition of structure	transferrin		Transferrin					pregnancy			human	amniotic fluid	Amniotic Fluid	9751792	The presence of O-glycans is demonstrated for the first time in transferrin.
tetrasaccharide O-glycans	acquisition of structure	CD43	SPN	Leukosialin|SPN protein, human					NK cell activation			Human	NK cells	Killer Cells, Natural	10614773	We found that CD56bright and CD56dim NK cells express different sialylated forms of CD43, observing that activation of the CD56bright NK cells induces the change of tetrasaccharide O-glycans to hexasaccharide O-glycans on CD43.
hexasaccharide O-glycans	loss of structure	CD43	SPN	Leukosialin|SPN protein, human					NK cell activation			Human	NK cells	Killer Cells, Natural	10614773	We found that CD56bright and CD56dim NK cells express different sialylated forms of CD43, observing that activation of the CD56bright NK cells induces the change of tetrasaccharide O-glycans to hexasaccharide O-glycans on CD43.
N-linked glycans	acquisition of structure	envelope glycoprotein (Env)		HIV Envelope Protein gp120				response	HIV-1	HIV-1	vaccination	mouse	serum		30076101	We introduced N-linked glycans into non-CD4bs surfaces of eOD-GT8 to mask irrelevant epitopes and evaluated these mutants in a mouse model that expressed diverse immunoglobulin heavy chains containing human IGHV1-2*02, the germline VRC01 VH segment.
N-linked glycan	acquisition of structure	CD52		CD52 Antigen|CD52 protein, human				diagnostic	infertility	Infertility, Female		human	sperm	Spermatozoa	10428755	Comparison of anti-SAGA-1 and anti-CD52 immunoreactivities revealed that the sperm form of CD52 exhibits N-linked glycan epitopes, including the epitope recognized by the infertility-associated H6-3C4 mAb, which are not detected on lymphocyte CD52.
N- and O-linked sugar chains	unaltered level	CA125		Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate					ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	ovarian cancer tissues	Ovarian Neoplasms	1962150	CA125 released from ovarian cancer tissues increased time-dependently following phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC) treatment, concomitant with the release of tissue-unspecific alkaline phosphatase.
α2-6 linked sialic acids	increased level				ST6GAL1		Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human	prognostic	Breast tumor	Breast Neoplasms		Human	Breast tumor cell	Humans	35676533	Extracellular ST6GAL1, present in cancer exosomes or the freely soluble recombinant sialyltransferase, compensates for insufficient intrinsic ST6GAL1 by boosting cancer cell proliferation and increasing invasiveness.
H-type3	increased level	SERPINA3		SERPINA3 protein, human|Serpins				diagnostic	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal		Humans	blood	Humans	36728830	Here, we identified that SERPINA3 is an rBC2LCN-reactive glycoprotein (BC2-S3) secreted from PDAC cells into the blood in patients with PDAC by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis and lectin blotting.
WFA-reactive glycan	increased level	ceruloplasmin		Ceruloplasmin				diagnostic	clear cell carcinoma	Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell		Humans	ascites fluids	Ascitic Fluid	24498956	One of the final candidates, WFA-reactive ceruloplasmin, produced higher signals in the ascites fluids of EOC patients, including CCC, in comparison with the benign samples, while CA125 levels were comparable in the sandwich ELISA.
sialic acid	unaltered level	Siglec5|Siglec14		SIGLEC5 protein, human|SIGLEC14 protein, human					innate immune responses	Immunity, Innate		human	monocytic cells	Cell Line	31551352	Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins (Siglecs) are a family of cell-surface immune receptors that bind to sialic acid at terminal glycan residues.
N-glycan	loss of structure	soluble ErbB3 protein		ERBB3 protein, human|Receptor, ErbB-3				response	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	MCF7 cells|T47D cells|BT474 cells	MCF-7 Cells|Cell Line, Tumor	25451255	Pretreatment with the sErbB3 N418Q mutant suppressed heregulin β1-induced HIF-1α activation in MCF7 cells.
glycan-phosphatidylinositol	decreased level	Fc gamma RIII		Receptors, Fc					paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria	Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal		Humans	K/NK lymphocytes	Killer Cells, Natural	2545784	That is, K/NK lymphocyte Fc gamma RIII was resistant to phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C and surface expression of Fc gamma RIII was not affected on K/NK lymphocytes from patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, a disorder of hemopoietic stem cells resulting in deficient expression of glycan-phosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins.
N-acetylglucosamine residues on the glycan branches of glycoproteins	decreased level							risk	inflammation	Inflammation|Inflammation Mediators	exercise	Humans	plasma		30170218	Combined analysis of unadjusted data showed that regular exercise significantly (p = 2 × 10<sup>-6</sup>) reduced plasma GlycA (-8.26 ± 1.8 μmol/L).
N-acetylglucosamine residues on the glycan branches of glycoproteins	decreased level							risk	cardiometabolic disease		exercise	Humans	plasma		30170218	GlycA is a relatively new biomarker for inflammation as well as cardiometabolic disease risk.
N-linked glycans	acquisition of structure	CD58		Antigens, CD								Chinese hamster	Chinese hamster ovary cell line, Lec3.2.8.1	CHO Cells	10452614	Heterologous gene expression in either (1) the glycosylation-defective, mutant Chinese hamster ovary cell line, Lec3.2.8.1, or (2) the presence of the alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, N-butyldeoxynojirimycin facilitates the trimming of N-linked glycans of glycoproteins to single N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) residues with endoglycosidase H (endo H).
polylactosamine	decreased level	CD28|CD19		CD28 Antigens|Antigens, CD19	beta1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 2	B3GNT2	N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|B3GNT2 protein, human		immune reactions			Mice	immunological tissues	Mice|Mice, Knockout	17890318	Here we generated beta3GnT2-deficient (beta3GnT2(-/-)) mice and showed that polylactosamine on N-glycans was markedly reduced in their immunological tissues.
Lewis x	acquisition of structure	CEACAM1		CD66 antigens	fucosyltransferase IX		Fucosyltransferases		inflammation			Humans	granulocytes	Granulocytes	16282604	As Lex groups on CEACAM1 are selectively attached and specifically interact with DC-SIGN, our findings suggest that CEACAM1 participates in immune regulation in physiological conditions and in pathological conditions, such as inflammation, autoimmune disease, and cancer.
Lewis x	acquisition of structure	CEACAM1		CD66 antigens	fucosyltransferase IX		Fucosyltransferases		autoimmune disease			Humans	granulocytes	Granulocytes	16282604	As Lex groups on CEACAM1 are selectively attached and specifically interact with DC-SIGN, our findings suggest that CEACAM1 participates in immune regulation in physiological conditions and in pathological conditions, such as inflammation, autoimmune disease, and cancer.
Lewis x	acquisition of structure	CEACAM1		CD66 antigens	fucosyltransferase IX		Fucosyltransferases		cancer			Humans	granulocytes	Granulocytes	16282604	As Lex groups on CEACAM1 are selectively attached and specifically interact with DC-SIGN, our findings suggest that CEACAM1 participates in immune regulation in physiological conditions and in pathological conditions, such as inflammation, autoimmune disease, and cancer.
tri-antennary N-glycan	increased level							predictive	castration-resistant prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant		Humans	serum		25154914	We observed that tri- and tetra-antennary N-glycans were significantly higher in CRPC patients than in any other groups.
tetra-antennary N-glycan	increased level							predictive	castration-resistant prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant		Humans	serum		25154914	We observed that tri- and tetra-antennary N-glycans were significantly higher in CRPC patients than in any other groups.
core fucosylation	increased level	Hemopexin		Hemopexin				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	serum		19099421	Greatest performance was achieved with fucosylated hemopexin, which had an AUROC of 0.9515 with an optimal sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 92%.
outer arm fucosylation	increased level	Hemopexin		Hemopexin				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	serum		19099421	Greatest performance was achieved with fucosylated hemopexin, which had an AUROC of 0.9515 with an optimal sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 92%.
N-linked glycans	undetermined														1383064	Automated simultaneous release of intact and unreduced N and O-linked glycans from glycoproteins.
O-linked glycans	undetermined														1383064	Automated simultaneous release of intact and unreduced N and O-linked glycans from glycoproteins.
fucosylated glycan	increased level	fucosylated glycoproteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	serum		27650323	These findings were confirmed by subsequent proteomic analysis of human serum from control patients or patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
alginate	decreased level				alginate lyase		Polysaccharide-Lyases		unknown enzyme functions			Vibrio splendidus	bacteria	Vibrio	28592491	To identify the enzymes responsible for this high extracellular activity, we compared V. splendidus 13B01 with the previously characterized V. splendidus 12B01, which has low extracellular activity and lacks two alginate lyase genes present in V. splendidus 13B01.
N276 glycan	acquisition of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1 infection	HIV Infections|HIV-1		Humans	B-Lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes	27581986	We previously described an HIV-1 clade C-infected donor, CAP257, who developed broadly neutralizing plasma antibodies targeting an N276 glycan-dependent epitope in the CD4 binding site.
V5 glycan	loss of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1 infection	HIV Infections|HIV-1		Humans	B-Lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes	27581986	Deep sequencing of autologous CAP257 viruses, however, revealed minority variants early in infection that lacked V5 glycans.
high-mannose-type N-glycan structures	decreased level								breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	MCF10A cells	Epithelial Cells	28763000	The treated cells showed lower levels of high-mannose-type N-glycan structures, and higher levels of complex-type and hybrid-type structures.
complex-type and hybrid-type N-glycan structures	increased level								breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	MCF10A cells	Epithelial Cells	28763000	The treated cells showed lower levels of high-mannose-type N-glycan structures, and higher levels of complex-type and hybrid-type structures.
fucosylated N-glycan structures	increased level								breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	MCF10A cells	Epithelial Cells	28763000	Altered N-glycan profiles were also detected in 453-CM-treated and non-treated MCF10A cells by MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS, and we found that the expression of five fucosylated N-glycan structures (m/z 1406.663, 1590.471, 1668.782, 2421.141, and 2988.342) and one high-mannose structure m/z 1743.722 have the same pattern as 231-CM-treated MCF10A cells.
fucosylated cell surface antigens	altered level				fucosyltransferase	FUT1|FUT4|FUT5|FUT7|FUT8	Fucosyltransferases|Glycosyltransferases					Chlorocebus aethiops	COS cell	COS Cells	9949196	Previous investigations on the monkey kidney COS cell line demonstrated the weak expression of fucosylated cell surface antigens and presence of endogenous fucosyltransferase activities in cell extracts.
Le(y) and blood-group A antigenic determinants	acquisition of structure				fucosyltransferase	FUT1	Fucosyltransferases|Glycosyltransferases		ABO Blood-Group System	ABO Blood-Group System		Chlorocebus aethiops	COS cell	COS Cells	9949196	Although FUT1 is expressed in the COS cell mRNA, it has not been possible to demonstrate alpha1,2-fucosyltransferase activity in cell extracts but the presence of Le(y) and blood-group A antigenic determinants on the cell surface imply the formation of H-precursor structures at some stage.
N-glycan	decreased level	DPP IV		Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4								Rat	BHK cells	Cell Line	8806444	In plasma membrane glycoproteins the peripheral monosaccharides of the N-glycan side chains are degraded faster than the core oligosaccharides and the protein backbone.
sialyl Lewis X	unaltered level							diagnostic	cardiovascular and immune dysfunctions						34905361	Selectins interact with cell-surface glycans to promote the initial tethering and rolling of leukocytes, and these interactions are targets for designs of inhibitors to neutralize diseases related to excessive inflammatory responses in many cardiovascular and immune dysfunctions, as well as tumor markers in different cancers.
sialyl Lewis A	unaltered level							diagnostic	cancers						34905361	Selectins interact with cell-surface glycans to promote the initial tethering and rolling of leukocytes, and these interactions are targets for designs of inhibitors to neutralize diseases related to excessive inflammatory responses in many cardiovascular and immune dysfunctions, as well as tumor markers in different cancers.
galectin-8	unaltered level							diagnostic	multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis		Humans	blood		36607856	The mean blood anti-galectin-8 value of the patient group was 4.84 ± 4.53 ng/mL, while it was 4.67 ± 3.40 ng/mL in the control group, and the difference in these values was found statistically insignificant (P > .05).
N-linked glycans	altered level	CD3							apoptosis	Apoptosis		Humans	Jurkat T lymphocytes	Jurkat Cells|T-Lymphocytes	16917081	The data provide evidence that gal-1 triggers through binding to N-linked glycans a Ca(2+)-sensitive apoptotic pathway.
N-acetyllactosamine	acquisition of structure	Galectin-3		Galectin 3					Shigella infection	Shigella		Humans	macrophages and epithelial cells	Humans	19951367	We also demonstrated that the binding of galectin-3 to host N-acetyllactosamine-containing glycans, was required for forming the structures.
N-acetyllactosamine	acquisition of structure	Galectin-3		Galectin 3					Listeria infection	Listeria		Humans	macrophages and epithelial cells	Humans	19951367	More specifically, existence of structures was strictly dependent upon lysis of the phagocytic vacuole and could be shown also by Gram-positive Listeria and Salmonella sifA mutant.
N-acetyllactosamine	acquisition of structure	Galectin-3		Galectin 3					Salmonella infection	Salmonella		Humans	macrophages and epithelial cells	Humans	19951367	More specifically, existence of structures was strictly dependent upon lysis of the phagocytic vacuole and could be shown also by Gram-positive Listeria and Salmonella sifA mutant.
Lewis X	acquisition of structure								immune response modulation			Helicobacter pylori|Schistosoma mansoni	bacterial cell surfaces		23163552	Lewis X (Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAc) antigens of Helicobacter pylori or of the helminth Schistosoma mansoni modulate the immune response by interacting with receptors on human dendritic cells.
LacNAc	acquisition of structure								pro-inflammatory response			Escherichia coli|Salmonella enterica sv. Typhimurium	bacterial cell surfaces		23163552	Glycoengineered LOS induced pro-inflammatory response in murine dendritic cells.
Mac-2-binding protein glycan isomer	increased level	Mac-2-binding protein		LGALS3BP protein, human				diagnostic|predictive	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms	gemcitabine	Humans	serum		38321872	Serum M2BPGi levels in PC patients were higher compared with those of healthy subjects.
glycan part of PSA	unaltered level	prostate specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen											26647853	The biosensor exhibits three unique characteristics: (1) analysis of PSA with limit of detection (LOD) down to 4 aM; (2) analysis of the glycan part of PSA with LOD down to 4 aM level and; (3) both assays (i.e., PSA quantification and PSA glycoprofiling) can be performed on the same interface due to label-free analysis.
complex-type glycans	unaltered level	Thyroglobulin		Thyroglobulin				diagnostic	differentiated thyroid cancer	Thyroid Neoplasms		Humans	thyroid cells		26421933	Tg also serves as a pre- and postoperative biomarker of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC).
sialyl Lewis x	increased level	Carcinoembryonic antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen	α1,3-fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases	diagnostic|prognostic	non-small cell lung cancer	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung		Humans	tumour tissue	Lung Neoplasms	31793656	In conclusion, this work provides the first demonstration that sLex/sLea are increased in primary NSCLC due to increased α1,3-FUT activity.
sialyl Lewis a	increased level	Carcinoembryonic antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen	α1,3-fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases	diagnostic|prognostic	non-small cell lung cancer	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung		Humans	tumour tissue	Lung Neoplasms	31793656	In conclusion, this work provides the first demonstration that sLex/sLea are increased in primary NSCLC due to increased α1,3-FUT activity.
N-glycan	acquisition of structure	cancer IgG		Immunoglobulin G				prognostic	lung squamous cell carcinoma	Lung Neoplasms	RP215	Humans	lung squamous cell carcinoma cells	Cell Line, Tumor	29778566	RP215 recognizes CIgG via a novel epitope that involves an N-glycan modification at a non-consensus site within the CH1 domain.
N-glycopeptide	altered level							diagnostic	endometrial cancer	Endometrial Neoplasms		Humans	urine		26849673	The findings of this study suggest urinary glycopeptides m/z 1201 and 1449 may serve as potential biomarkers for the early detection of ECa, OCa and CCa, although this requires further extensive validation on clinically representative populations.
N-glycopeptide	altered level							diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	urine		26849673	The findings of this study suggest urinary glycopeptides m/z 1201 and 1449 may serve as potential biomarkers for the early detection of ECa, OCa and CCa, although this requires further extensive validation on clinically representative populations.
N-glycopeptide	altered level							diagnostic	cervical cancer	Uterine Cervical Neoplasms		Humans	urine		26849673	The findings of this study suggest urinary glycopeptides m/z 1201 and 1449 may serve as potential biomarkers for the early detection of ECa, OCa and CCa, although this requires further extensive validation on clinically representative populations.
N-glycosylation sites	acquisition of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV	HIV Antibodies|HIV Antigens		Humans		Humans	15542540	By reverting one of the added N-glycosylation sites on the gp120 core, b12 binding was improved without affecting the epitope-masking properties of the original mutant.
N-glycosylation sites	acquisition of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV	HIV Antibodies|HIV Antigens		Humans		Humans	15542540	The resulting hyperglycosylated gp120 variants bind b12 and another broadly neutralizing antibody, 2G12, with apparent affinities approaching that of wild-type gp120, but do not bind 21 non- or weakly neutralizing antibodies to seven different epitopes on gp120.
Le(y)	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	colorectal adenoma	Adenoma		Humans	colorectal tissue	Colorectal Neoplasms	11813869	A statistically significant positive correlation between the development of high-grade dysplasia in colorectal adenomas and the immunoreactivity of Le(y) and MUC1 epitopes was observed, whereas MUC2 exhibited a significant negative correlation.
MUC2	decreased level	MUC2		Mucin-2				diagnostic	colorectal adenoma	Adenoma		Humans	colorectal tissue	Colorectal Neoplasms	11813869	A statistically significant positive correlation between the development of high-grade dysplasia in colorectal adenomas and the immunoreactivity of Le(y) and MUC1 epitopes was observed, whereas MUC2 exhibited a significant negative correlation.
Le(y)	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	colorectal carcinoma	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	colorectal tissue	Colorectal Neoplasms	11813869	In conclusion, these results demonstrate that Le(y) and MUC1 immunoreactivity correlate with malignant transformation in the colorectum, whereas MUC2 represents a marker for low-grade dysplasia and the subtype of mucinous carcinomas.
MUC2	increased level	MUC2		Mucin-2				diagnostic	mucinous carcinoma			Humans	colorectal tissue	Colorectal Neoplasms	11813869	The immunohistochemical staining resulted in a significantly stronger MUC2 reactivity of mucinous vs. tubular adenocarcinomas.
glycosylated MUC1	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				response	cancer			Humans	serum		10383817	We previously reported that the glycosylated MUC1 tumor antigen circulating as soluble protein in patients' serum is not processed by dendritic cells and does not elicit MHC-Class II-restricted T helper responses in vitro.
underglycosylated MUC1	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				response	cancer			Humans	serum		10383817	We found that three different forms of MUC1, ranging from glycosylated and underglycosylated protein to unglycosylated synthetic peptide, were able to elicit MUC1-specific, Class-I-restricted CTL responses.
unglycosylated MUC1	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				response	cancer			Humans	serum		10383817	We found that three different forms of MUC1, ranging from glycosylated and underglycosylated protein to unglycosylated synthetic peptide, were able to elicit MUC1-specific, Class-I-restricted CTL responses.
HIV-1 gp120	altered level	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|HIV envelope protein gp120 (305-321)					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	Cell Line	Cell Line	1548769	Here we demonstrate that some HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins containing an altered V3 region or gp41 amino terminus exhibit qualitatively different abilities to mediate syncytium formation and virus entry when different target cells are used.
HIV-1 gp41	altered level	HIV Envelope Protein gp41		HIV Envelope Protein gp41					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	Cell Line	Cell Line	1548769	Here we demonstrate that some HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins containing an altered V3 region or gp41 amino terminus exhibit qualitatively different abilities to mediate syncytium formation and virus entry when different target cells are used.
underglycosylated forms of LGR5	increased level	LGR5		LGR5 protein, human					colon cancer			human	cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	32107308	Indeed, the PERK inhibition led to the accumulation of premature, underglycosylated forms of LGR5, which were produced only at low levels during proper PERK activation.
glycosylated forms of alpha-dystroglycan	decreased level	alpha-dystroglycan		Dystroglycans					congenital muscular dystrophy	Muscular Dystrophies		Humans	skeletal muscle	Muscle, Skeletal	18804929	Biopsied skeletal muscle revealed markedly decreased but still detectable glycosylated forms of alpha-dystroglycan (alpha-DG).
sialylated glycan isomers	increased level	prostate specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	cancer			human			28651174	We propose a label- and reagent-free electrochemical method based on chronopotentiometric stripping (CPS) analysis and a hanging mercury drop electrode for the detection of interaction of sialylated protein biomarker a prostate specific antigen (PSA) with two important lectins: Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA) and Maackia amurensis agglutinin (MAA).
specific glycan patterns	altered level							prognostic|risk	Non-Small-Cell Lung Carcinoma	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung		Humans	Cancer stem cells	Neoplastic Stem Cells	39304747	Thus, our aim was to achieve selective detection of CSCs with specific glycan patterns and assess the CSCs burden to predict the risk of relapse in NSCLC tumors.
N-glycan	undetermined							prognostic	Breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	immunotherapy	human			36193502	Genes coexpressed with HSPA5 were mainly related to endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response, melanosome, thyroid hormone synthesis, N-glycan biosynthesis, and so on.
branched core 2 structures	decreased level	MUC1		Mucin-1	core 2 β-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-1			predictive|safety	cancer	Neoplasms	antitumor vaccines	Humans	tumor cells	Neoplasms	27957769	On tumor cells, the core 2 β-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-1 (C2GlcNAcT-1) is down-regulated, resulting in lower amounts of the branched core 2 structures, which favor formation of linear core 1 or core 3 structures, and in particular, truncated tumor-associated antigen structures.
branched core 2 structures	unaltered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				safety	autoimmune diseases			Humans	healthy cells		27957769	The core 2 structures are commonly found on healthy cells and the elucidation of antibody cross-reactivity to such epitopes may predict the tumor-selectivity and safety of synthetic vaccines.
MHC associated glycan	unaltered level	MHC class I molecules		Histocompatibility Antigen H-2D|Histocompatibility Antigens Class I					Ly49A receptor binding			mouse	NK cells		10602053	The MHC associated glycan, previously suggested to be involved in recognition by this receptor, is thus not required for Ly49A receptor binding.
N-glycans	loss of structure	Membrane Cofactor Protein		Membrane Cofactor Protein					measles virus infection	Measles virus		Human|Simian	HRT cell line|HeLa cell line|Vero cell line	Rectal Neoplasms|HeLa Cells|Vero Cells	8083969	The binding of measles virus to MCP was abolished after cleavage of the disulfide bonds by reducing agents as well as after enzymatic release of N-linked oligosaccharides.
blood group	altered level							risk	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	trastuzumab, tamoxifen, or aromatase inhibitors	Humans	breast tumor	Breast Neoplasms	21263059	Relationships of blood types (where expression is due to glycosylation pattern) and HER2/neu (where expression arises due to altered glycosylation) and breast cancer-associated markers like estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor (ER/PR) were examined and related to outcomes in patients with breast cancer.
HER2/neu	altered level	Receptor, ErbB-2	ERBB2	ERBB2 protein, human|Receptor, ErbB-2				risk	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	trastuzumab, tamoxifen, or aromatase inhibitors	Humans	breast tumor	Breast Neoplasms	21263059	Relationships of blood types (where expression is due to glycosylation pattern) and HER2/neu (where expression arises due to altered glycosylation) and breast cancer-associated markers like estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor (ER/PR) were examined and related to outcomes in patients with breast cancer.
N-glycosylation	altered level	mb-1 and B29 gene products		CD79A protein, human|CD79B protein, human					B cell activation	Lymphocyte Activation		Human	B cells	B-Lymphocytes	1401917	Interestingly, mb-1 and B29 gene products expressed on human cells are much more heterogenously N-glycosylated than their murine B cell counterparts.
N-glycosylation	altered level							diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	MCF-7/ADR cancer stem cells	MCF-7 Cells|Neoplastic Stem Cells	34074422	N-glycoproteomics studies have shown that N-glycosylation alteration of tumor cells is the key player of cancer progression, multidrug resistance (MDR) and high mortality.
glycosylated NIS	increased level	sodium iodide symporter		sodium-iodide symporter					iodine deficiency	Deficiency Diseases		rat	placental labyrinth	Placenta	32791891	Regarding iodine deficiency in the placental labyrinth on gd16 and gd20, pendrin and glycosylated NIS proteins were significantly upregulated in a dose-dependent manner.
glycosylated NIS	increased level	sodium iodide symporter		sodium-iodide symporter					iodine deficiency	Deficiency Diseases		rat	trophoblast cells		32791891	In trophoblast cells isolated using LCM, PDS mRNA levels increased in the 1.24-μg/day group on gd16 but not NIS mRNA levels.
O-linked glycosylation	acquisition of structure	CCR5		Receptors, CCR5					HIV-1 entry	HIV-1		Humans	cells expressing CCR5 and CD4	Cells, Cultured	10089882	Here, we show that the chemokine receptor CCR5, a principal HIV-1 coreceptor, is posttranslationally modified by O-linked glycosylation and by sulfation of its N-terminal tyrosines.
gp120 glycoprotein	altered level	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					acquired immunodeficiency syndrome			Humans		Humans	9641684	A large fraction of the predicted accessible surface of gp120 in the trimer is composed of variable, heavily glycosylated core and loop structures that surround the receptor-binding regions.
glycosylated gp120	acquisition of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1	HIV-1		Spodoptera frugiperda	Sf9 cells		2076345	The results showed that CD4 and the glycosylated versions of recombinant gp120 or gp160 delta specifically associated with one another in this analysis.
glycosylated gp160 delta	acquisition of structure	gp160 delta		HIV Envelope Protein gp160					HIV-1	HIV-1		Spodoptera frugiperda	Sf9 cells		2076345	The results showed that CD4 and the glycosylated versions of recombinant gp120 or gp160 delta specifically associated with one another in this analysis.
C-glycosyltryptophan	decreased level							diagnostic|predictive	fatigue	Fatigue		Homo sapiens	plasma|serum		29197660	A significant association between fatigue and two other metabolites also emerged when BMI was excluded from the model: 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropanoate (CMPF), and C-glycosyltryptophan (p=1.5×10<sup>-4</sup> and p=3.1×10<sup>-4</sup>, respectively).
c-kit glycosylation	increased level	c-kit		Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit					myocardial infarction	Myocardial Infarction		mice	cardiac blood vessels	Myocardium	27161312	In vivo, we found that intracellular c-kit expressing cells are located in the wall of cardiac blood vessels in mice subjected to myocardial infarction.
c-kit glycosylation	increased level	c-kit		Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit					endothelial differentiation	Cell Differentiation		mice	cardiac progenitor cells	Stem Cells	27161312	Western blots further demonstrated that glycosylation of c-kit was increased during endothelial differentiation in a time dependent manner.
aberrantly glycosylated MUC1	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1				response	mammary cancer	Neoplasms	glycosylated tripartite vaccine	mouse	tumor	Neoplasms	22171012	Given the challenges to immuno-target tumor-associated MUC1, we have identified the minimum requirements to consistently induce CTLs and ADCC-mediating antibodies specific for the tumor form of MUC1 resulting in a therapeutic response in a mouse model of mammary cancer.
sialic acid	decreased level	Neprilysin		Neprilysin					hereditary inclusion-body myopathy	Myositis, Inclusion Body		Humans	muscle	Muscle, Skeletal	18182043	In the present study, we found that NEP is hyposialylated and its expression and enzymatic activity reduced in all h-IBM muscles analyzed.
N-linked oligosaccharides	loss of structure	hTSH		Thyrotropin				response	Graves' disease		potential antagonist	Human	thyroid follicles	Thyroid Gland	11083869	The hTSHbeta.CTPalpha(1+2) variant blocked cAMP formation and thyroid hormone secretion stimulated by hTSH as well as by the antibody, thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins, responsible for the most common cause of hyperthyroidism, Graves disease.
N-linked oligosaccharides	loss of structure	hTSH		Thyrotropin				response	TSH-secreting pituitary adenoma		potential antagonist	Human	thyroid follicles	Thyroid Gland	11083869	Thus, this variant behaves as a potential antagonist, offering a novel therapeutic strategy in the treatment of thyrotoxicosis caused by Graves' disease and TSH-secreting pituitary adenoma.
O-glycosylated clathrin assembly protein AP180	decreased level	clathrin assembly protein AP180		clathrin assembly protein AP180					Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	neocortex		9756352	In a previous study [18], a significant reduction of O-glycosylated clathrin assembly protein AP180 was observed in neocortex of AD.
O-GlcNAc/AP180 ratio	unaltered level	AP180							Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	neocortex		9756352	In this study we further determine that the O-GlcNAc/AP180 ratio is not changed, but the level of AP180 protein decreases in AD.
alpha2,3-linked sialic acid	increased level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		15044396	Among the lectins examined, the M. amurensis agglutinin-bound fraction of free serum PSA is increased in prostate cancer patients compared to benign prostate hypertrophy patients.
alpha2,3-linked sialic acid	decreased level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	benign prostate hypertrophy	Prostatic Hyperplasia		Humans	serum		15044396	Among the lectins examined, the M. amurensis agglutinin-bound fraction of free serum PSA is increased in prostate cancer patients compared to benign prostate hypertrophy patients.
sialylated O-linked glycans	increased level	Episialin/MUC1		Mucin-1					carcinoma			human	carcinoma cells		8730100	On carcinoma cells, however, it can be strongly overexpressed and it is often present over the entire cell surface.
N-glycosylated α1-antitrypsin	increased level	α1-antitrypsin		SERPINA1 protein, human|alpha 1-Antitrypsin				diagnostic|risk	oral squamous cell carcinoma	Mouth Neoplasms|Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck		Human	Serum		33547992	It was found that AAT and APOA1 are significantly upregulated in OSCC and these glycoproteins are independent risk factors of OSCC.
N-glycosylated apolipoprotein A-I	increased level	apolipoprotein A-I		APOA1 protein, human|Apolipoprotein A-I				diagnostic|risk	oral squamous cell carcinoma	Mouth Neoplasms|Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck		Human	Serum		33547992	It was found that AAT and APOA1 are significantly upregulated in OSCC and these glycoproteins are independent risk factors of OSCC.
hCG glycoforms	altered level	hCG		Chorionic Gonadotropin				diagnostic	Trisomy 21	Down Syndrome		Human	maternal serum		24731729	Fetal trisomy 21 is associated with elevated maternal serum hCG and its free beta-subunit (hCG-beta) in vivo, and abnormal placental hCG production and glycosylation in vitro.
hCG glycoforms	altered level	hCG		Chorionic Gonadotropin				diagnostic	Trisomy 18	Trisomy 18 Syndrome		Human	maternal serum		24731729	T18 presented with diminished serum markers.
hCG glycoforms	altered level	hCG		Chorionic Gonadotropin				diagnostic	Trisomy 13	Trisomy 13 Syndrome		Human	maternal serum		24731729	hCG glycoforms tended to be basic in aneuploidy (mainly T13).
6-sulpho-sLeX attached to core 2-branched O-glycans	acquisition of structure	CD34		Neoplasm Proteins				diagnostic	gastric MALT lymphoma	Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone		Humans	HEV-like vessels	Lymphatic Vessels	21432854	These results indicate that MECA-79(-) /HECA-452(+) /NCC-ST-439(+) glycans, specifically, 6-sulpho- and non-sulphated sLeXs attached to core 2-branched O-glycans, expressed on HEV-like vessels in gastric MALT lymphoma function as L-selectin ligands and likely contribute to H. pylori-specific T cell recruitment in the progression of gastric MALT lymphoma.
non-sulphated sLeX attached to core 2-branched O-glycans	acquisition of structure	CD34		Neoplasm Proteins				diagnostic	gastric MALT lymphoma	Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone		Humans	HEV-like vessels	Lymphatic Vessels	21432854	These results indicate that MECA-79(-) /HECA-452(+) /NCC-ST-439(+) glycans, specifically, 6-sulpho- and non-sulphated sLeXs attached to core 2-branched O-glycans, expressed on HEV-like vessels in gastric MALT lymphoma function as L-selectin ligands and likely contribute to H. pylori-specific T cell recruitment in the progression of gastric MALT lymphoma.
CD33L	undetermined	CD33		CD33 protein, human					anaphylaxis	Anaphylaxis		human	mast cells	Mast Cells	30776022	Specifically, the authors show that delivery of liposomes containing both the specific antigen recognized by the mast cell-bound IgE and a high-affinity glycan ligand of the inhibitory receptor CD33 (CD33L) to targeted mast cells inhibits antigen-induced, FcεRI-dependent spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) phosphorylation and downstream protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) phosphorylation, Ca++ flux, and β-hexosaminidase release (i.e., degranulation).
bi-antennary structures	undetermined	cell-CAM 105		Cell Adhesion Molecules								rat	hepatocytes	Liver	2535484	Concanavalin A-Sepharose chromatography indicated that the majority of the glycans (84%) were of the complex-type of which approximately half were bi-antennary structures.
oligomannose-type structures	undetermined	cell-CAM 105		Cell Adhesion Molecules								rat	hepatocytes	Liver	2535484	The remainder of the glycans comprised oligomannose-type structures and/or incomplete bi-antennary structures.
tri-antennary complex-type glycans	undetermined	cell-CAM 105		Cell Adhesion Molecules								rat	hepatocytes	Liver	2535484	Furthermore, the presence of tri-, and tetra- and/or tri'-antennary complex-type glycans was demonstrated by chromatography on immobilized Phaseolus vulgaris leukoagglutinating phytohemagglutinin and Aleuria aurantia lectin (AAL).
tetra-antennary complex-type glycans	undetermined	cell-CAM 105		Cell Adhesion Molecules								rat	hepatocytes	Liver	2535484	Furthermore, the presence of tri-, and tetra- and/or tri'-antennary complex-type glycans was demonstrated by chromatography on immobilized Phaseolus vulgaris leukoagglutinating phytohemagglutinin and Aleuria aurantia lectin (AAL).
Glc(alpha1,4)Glc(alpha)	increased level							diagnostic|monitoring	relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting		Humans	serum		16480743	We have screened serum from patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS, n = 107) against a library of glycans on a glycan chip, and have found significantly higher levels of IgM anti-Glc(alpha1,4)Glc(alpha) antibodies (anti-Galpha4Galpha antibodies) than in patients suffering from other neurological diseases (OND, n = 50, p < 0.0001), and other autoimmune diseases (OAD, n = 27, p = 0.02).
6'-sulfo-sLe(x)	unaltered level	Siglec-8		SIGLEC8 protein, human				risk	asthma	Asthma		Humans	HEK293 cells		20087405	By using a synthetic polymer decorated with 6'-sulfo-sLe(x), a known Siglec-8 glycan ligand, we did not find any differences between the ligand-binding activity of HEK293 cells stably transfected with the rs10409962 risk allele or the WT allele.
beta-glycan receptor	undetermined	dectin-1							cell migration	Cell Movement		human	immature dendritic cells	Dendritic Cells	15130945	Moreover, an association of CD63 with the beta-glycan receptor dectin-1 was observed.
N-glycan	altered level							diagnostic	Alzheimer disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans		Humans	34224891	Functional enrichment found that DEmRNAs was enriched in the N-glycan biosynthesis pathway, which was associated with AD.
high mannose-type N-glycan	increased level							diagnostic	celiac disease	Celiac Disease		Humans	gut microbiota	Gastrointestinal Microbiome	34253606	Additionally, we uncovered previously unreported microbes/pathways/metabolites (e.g., Porphyromonas sp., high mannose-type N-glycan biosynthesis, and serine) that point to CD-specific biomarkers.
phosphatidylinositol-glycan moiety	undetermined	Fc gamma RIII		Receptors, Fc					deficiency in phagocytic response			Humans	neutrophils	Neutrophils	2139103	However, Fc gamma RIII on neutrophils, a molecule linked to the membrane by a phosphatidylinositol-glycan moiety, although binding anti-Fc gamma RIII-coated erythrocytes vigorously was incapable of mounting a phagocytic response.
N-linked glycosylation	altered level	HIV Envelope Protein gp120|HIV Envelope Protein gp41		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|HIV Envelope Protein gp41					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	plasma		12646921	Escape virus contained mutations in the env gene that were unexpectedly sparse, did not map generally to known neutralization epitopes, and involved primarily changes in N-linked glycosylation.
Sialyl Lewis X	increased level			Sialyl Lewis X Antigen	fucosyltransferase 7				Parkinson's disease	Parkinson Disease		mouse	cortex|striatum	Brain|Brain	38197965	Importantly, our results show that MPTP triggers the presentation of more proteins decorated with sLeX in mouse cortex and striatum in a time-dependent manner, as well as increased mRNA expression of its rate-limiting enzyme fucosyltransferase 7.
Sialyl Lewis a	increased level				FX		Ketone Oxidoreductases		head and neck squamous carcinoma	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|Head and Neck Neoplasms		Humans	head and neck squamous carcinoma cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	10777581	Moreover, the expression levels of Sialyl Lewis a was significantly up-regulated on HNSCC upon ligation of E48 by anti-E48 antibodies.
VIM-2	increased level				FX		Ketone Oxidoreductases		head and neck squamous carcinoma	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|Head and Neck Neoplasms		Humans	head and neck squamous carcinoma cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	10777581	The former cells also expressed higher levels of two major fucosylated glycans (the selectin ligand, Sialyl Lewis a, and VIM-2) than the E48 antisense transfectants.
Glc2NTs	increased level	langerin		CD207 protein, human				response	Langerhans cell-related condition	Langerhans Cells	vaccine targeting	human	Langerhans cells	Langerhans Cells	32749019	Binders of langerin could target vaccines to Langerhans cells for improved therapeutic effect.
sialylation	decreased level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		human	CSF		26455811	We identified a group of AD and MCI subjects (about 40-50% of the studied sample) showing significant alteration of CSF N-glycome profiling, consisting of a decrease in the overall sialylation degree and an increase in species bearing bisecting GlcNAc.
bisecting GlcNAc	increased level	BACE-1		Glycoproteins	GnT-III	MGAT3		diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		human	CSF		26455811	Previous studies specifically focused on the key role of glycosyltransferase GnT-III on AD-pathogenesis, addressing the patho-mechanism to specific sugar modification of BACE-1 glycoprotein with bisecting GlcNAc.
Galα(1,2)[Galα(1,6)]Galβ	acquisition of structure	tGPI-MUC		Mucins				diagnostic|response	Chagas disease	Chagas Disease	chemotherapy	Trypanosoma cruzi	trypomastigote	Trypanosoma cruzi	36080480	The mammal-dwelling trypomastigote parasite stage expresses glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored mucins (tGPI-MUC), whose O-glycans are mostly branched with terminal, nonreducing α-galactopyranosyl (α-Gal) glycotopes.
Galα(1,2)[Galα(1,6)]Galβ	acquisition of structure	NGP11b						diagnostic|response	Chagas disease	Chagas Disease	chemotherapy	Humans	sera/plasma	Humans	36080480	By chemiluminescent immunoassay using sera/plasma from chronic CD (CCD) patients from Venezuela and Mexico and healthy controls, NGP11b exhibited sensitivity and specificity similar to that of tGPI-MUC from genotype TcI, predominant in those countries.
Ca 19-9	unaltered level	mucins		Mucins					oncofetal antigens			Humans	amniotic fluid	Amniotic Fluid	3191509	The mucin-fraction FW, which still contained a minute proportion of mannose, strongly expressed oncofetal antigens recognized by monoclonal antibodies C 50, NS 19-9, OC 125, Leu M1, 49 H 8, and 115 C 2.
Ca 50	unaltered level	mucins		Mucins					oncofetal antigens			Humans	amniotic fluid	Amniotic Fluid	3191509	The mucin-fraction FW, which still contained a minute proportion of mannose, strongly expressed oncofetal antigens recognized by monoclonal antibodies C 50, NS 19-9, OC 125, Leu M1, 49 H 8, and 115 C 2.
Ca 125	unaltered level	mucins		Mucins					oncofetal antigens			Humans	amniotic fluid	Amniotic Fluid	3191509	The mucin-fraction FW, which still contained a minute proportion of mannose, strongly expressed oncofetal antigens recognized by monoclonal antibodies C 50, NS 19-9, OC 125, Leu M1, 49 H 8, and 115 C 2.
TN antigen	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	epithelial cancers		cancer vaccine	Humans	epithelial cells		20564042	During cancer progression, the dysregulation of glycosyltransferases, which serve to elongate cell-surface glycans, leads to aberrant gIycosylation patterns on this glycoprotein.
sialyl-Tn antigen	acquisition of structure							prognostic	gastric carcinoma	Stomach Neoplasms	antibody blockage	Humans	gastric carcinoma cells	Cell Line, Tumor	16965854	De-novo expression of sialyl-Tn leads to major morphological and cell behavior alterations in gastric carcinoma cells which were reverted by specific antibody blockage.
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol	unaltered level							diagnostic	Toxoplasmosis	Toxoplasmosis		Toxoplasma gondii	serum		32498834	The detection of anti-GPI IgG and IgM antibodies allows differentiation between toxoplasmosis patients and healthy individuals using serological assays.
C2-O-sLe(x)	increased level							prognostic	canine gastric carcinomas	Dog Diseases|Stomach Neoplasms		canine	gastric carcinomas	Stomach Neoplasms	20375429	Importantly, the majority of more poorly differentiated tumor types had more numerous and larger intensely stained areas of C2-O-sLe(x) expression compared with moderate to well-differentiated tumor types.
Desialotransferrin	increased level	Transferrin		Transferrin	sialidase		Neuraminidase	diagnostic	coronary heart disease	Coronary Disease		Humans	serum		10963781	We have undertaken this study to investigate the levels of serum carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (Desialotransferrin) and sialidase levels in patients with coronary heart disease.
core 1-derived O-glycans	loss of structure				core 1 β1,3-galactosyltransferase-specific chaperone 1	C1GALT1C1	C1GALT1C1 protein, human|Cosmc protein, mouse		colitis	Colitis		mice	intestinal epithelial cell	Intestinal Mucosa	21383503	Here, we report that mice with intestinal epithelial cell-specific deficiency of core 1-derived O-glycans, the predominant form of O-glycans, developed spontaneous colitis that resembled human UC, including massive myeloid infiltrates and crypt abscesses.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure								ulcerative colitis			humans	colon epithelium	Colon	21383503	Finally, we detected a biosynthetic intermediate typically exposed in the absence of core 1 O-glycan, Tn antigen, in the colon epithelium of a subset of UC patients.
glycan chains	unaltered level	bovine lactoferrin		Lactoferrin				diagnostic	iron deficient anemia	Anemia, Iron-Deficiency		Humans	saliva		22632844	In conclusion, extrinsic black stains of teeth may be iron-saturated bovine lactoferrin and a sign of iron deficient anemia or iron overload if no iron supplements are taken or individuals have no frequent gingival bleeding.
glycan chains	unaltered level	bovine lactoferrin		Lactoferrin				diagnostic	iron overload	Iron Overload		Humans	saliva		22632844	In conclusion, extrinsic black stains of teeth may be iron-saturated bovine lactoferrin and a sign of iron deficient anemia or iron overload if no iron supplements are taken or individuals have no frequent gingival bleeding.
Lewis X Antigen	undetermined			Lewis X Antigen											21892456	We observed hydroxyl proton exchanges in a LewisX-LewisX interaction by using deuterium isotope shifts on (13)C-NMR.
core fucose	decreased level	anti-CD20 antibody		Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized				response	antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity	Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity		Humans	antibody	Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized	22531441	The presence or absence of core fucose in the Fc region N-linked glycans of antibodies affects their binding affinity toward FcγRIIIa as well as their antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity.
α2-6 sialylation on N-glycans	increased level				ST6Gal-I	ST6GAL1	ST6GAL1 protein, human	prognostic	cancer			Humans	ovarian and pancreatic cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	29475939	Tumor cells frequently exhibit increased α2-6 sialylation on N-glycans, a modification that is added by the ST6Gal-I sialyltransferase, and emerging evidence suggests that ST6Gal-I-mediated sialylation promotes the survival of tumor cells exposed to various cell stressors.
N-glycan	undetermined				Golgi α-mannosidase I|β1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I|Golgi α-mannosidase II|β1,2-xylosyltransferase|β1,3-galactosyltransferase1|α1,4-fucosyltransferase|α2,6-sialyltransferase		Mannosidases|Glycosyltransferases|Mannosidases|Glycosyltransferases|Glycosyltransferases|Glycosyltransferases|Glycosyltransferases		plant development and defense mechanisms			Nicotiana spp.|Arabidopsis thaliana|Rattus norvegicus	leaves	Plant Leaves	23400704	N-Glycan processing is one of the most important cellular protein modifications in plants and as such is essential for plant development and defense mechanisms.
ABO glycan	unaltered level	CD31		Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1				predictive	acute antibody-mediated rejection		ABO-incompatible kidney transplantation	human	kidney endothelial cells	Endothelial Cells	35401036	Mass spectrometry analysis suggested that rCD31 and native CD31 purified from human kidney had similar ABO glycan.
Galbeta1-3GalNAc	unaltered level							response	colon cancer		anti-neoplastic agent	Humans	colon cells		12467495	Agaricus bisporus agglutinin (ABA) isolated from edible mushroom has a potent anti-proliferative effect on malignant colon cells with considerable therapeutic potential as an anti-neoplastic agent.
GalNAcalpha1-Ser/Thr	unaltered level							response	colon cancer		anti-neoplastic agent	Humans	colon cells		12467495	Agaricus bisporus agglutinin (ABA) isolated from edible mushroom has a potent anti-proliferative effect on malignant colon cells with considerable therapeutic potential as an anti-neoplastic agent.
α-N-acetylgalactosamine	increased level							diagnostic	Glioblastoma	Glioblastoma	surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy	Humans	glioma-derived stem cells	Neoplastic Stem Cells	22435486	Fluorescently labeled lectins that specifically recognize α-N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) and α-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) differentially bound to the cell surface based on the state of cellular differentiation.
α-N-acetylglucosamine	increased level							diagnostic	Glioblastoma	Glioblastoma	surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy	Humans	glioma-derived stem cells	Neoplastic Stem Cells	22435486	Fluorescently labeled lectins that specifically recognize α-N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) and α-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) differentially bound to the cell surface based on the state of cellular differentiation.
phosphatidyl-inositol glycan	acquisition of structure	beta2 subunit		CD18 Antigens					inflammatory immune responses			mammalian	COS-7 cells	COS Cells	9850159	As an approach to identify and characterize regulatory domains of the beta2 subunit, we have generated two different subdomains of the beta2 subunit for expression on the surface of mammalian cells through a phosphatidyl-inositol glycan anchor.
dp5	increased level							diagnostic	GM1-gangliosidosis	Gangliosidosis, GM1		Humans	dried blood spots	Dried Blood Spot Testing	32506457	MS/MS analysis of two glycan biomarkers, dp5 and A2G2, shows high elevation in newborn DBS from GM1-gangliosidosis compared to the levels in the nonaffected reference range.
A2G2	increased level							diagnostic	GM1-gangliosidosis	Gangliosidosis, GM1		Humans	dried blood spots	Dried Blood Spot Testing	32506457	MS/MS analysis of two glycan biomarkers, dp5 and A2G2, shows high elevation in newborn DBS from GM1-gangliosidosis compared to the levels in the nonaffected reference range.
F1 alpha (Gal beta 1-->4GlcNAc beta 1-->6GalNAc alpha 1-->Ser/Thr)	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	gastric cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	gastric cancer tissue	Stomach	8050816	The rate of positive staining with F1 alpha-75 was 80.0% for gastric cancer, 52.4% for pancreatic cancer and 38.4% for colon cancer.
F1 alpha (Gal beta 1-->4GlcNAc beta 1-->6GalNAc alpha 1-->Ser/Thr)	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	pancreatic cancer tissue	Pancreas	8050816	The rate of positive staining with F1 alpha-75 was 80.0% for gastric cancer, 52.4% for pancreatic cancer and 38.4% for colon cancer.
F1 alpha (Gal beta 1-->4GlcNAc beta 1-->6GalNAc alpha 1-->Ser/Thr)	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	colon cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	colon cancer tissue	Colon	8050816	The rate of positive staining with F1 alpha-75 was 80.0% for gastric cancer, 52.4% for pancreatic cancer and 38.4% for colon cancer.
glycans	altered level	PD-L1		B7-H1 Antigen				diagnostic|predictive	cancer	Neoplasms		human|murine	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	38270503	A significant benefit of site-specific conjugation on glycans was observed compared to random conjugation on lysine.
Fucα1-2Galβ1-3GalNAc-R	acquisition of structure							response	Lewis lung carcinoma	Carcinoma, Lewis Lung	immunization	mice	B1 B-cell	B-Lymphocytes	23908400	Here, we show that the mice immunized with a l-fucose (Fuc)-enriched Reishi polysaccharide fraction (designated as FMS) induce antibodies against murine Lewis lung carcinoma cells, with increased antibody-mediated cytotoxicity and reduced production of tumor-associated inflammatory mediators (in particular, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1).
βGal-βGalNAc-containing glycans	altered level				C1GALT1|GALNT1|GALNT8|GALNT14		C1GALT1 protein, human|N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases|N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases|N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases	prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer tissue	Breast Neoplasms	25975956	Our data indicate that glycan structures containing βGal-βGalNAc residues and the enzymes involved in their synthesis play a role in breast cancer progression, at least partly by their promoting influence on haematogenic and lymphatic spread.
Tn O-glycans	acquisition of structure	CD44s		CD44 protein, human|Hyaluronan Receptors				response	cancer	Neoplasms	glycovaccine	human	tumours	Neoplasms	38301927	In this study, we present a novel glycovaccine for precise targeting and immunotherapy of aggressive solid tumours that overexpress CD44 standard isoform (CD44s) carrying immature Tn and sialyl-Tn (sTn) O-glycans.
sialyl-Tn (sTn) O-glycans	acquisition of structure	CD44s		CD44 protein, human|Hyaluronan Receptors				response	cancer	Neoplasms	glycovaccine	human	tumours	Neoplasms	38301927	In this study, we present a novel glycovaccine for precise targeting and immunotherapy of aggressive solid tumours that overexpress CD44 standard isoform (CD44s) carrying immature Tn and sialyl-Tn (sTn) O-glycans.
MUC1 glycoforms	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					various disease events				blood|tissue		38347414	The association between altered glycosylation of MUC1 and various disease events has sparked significant interest.
aberrant glycans	altered level	cadherin-5		cadherin 5				diagnostic	metastatic breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms|Neoplasm Metastasis		Humans	serum		23079531	Helix pomatia agglutinin (HPA) is known to bind aberrant glycans associated with metastatic breast cancer, and was used here to isolate glycoproteins from pooled breast cancer serum samples of (i) patients with recurrent breast cancer and (ii) patients with no sign of recurrence 5years after diagnosis of their primary tumour.
prothrombin A2G2S glycan motif	altered level	prothrombin						prognostic	clear cell renal cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Renal Cell|Kidney Neoplasms	surgically resected	Humans	plasma		35148948	These included prothrombin A2G2S glycan motif (HR = 6.47, P = 9.53E-05), immunoglobulin J chain FA2G2S2 motif (HR = 10.69, P = 0.001), clusterin A2G2 motif (HR = 7.38, P = 0.002), complement component C8A A2G2S2 motif (HR = 11.59, P = 0.002), and apolipoprotein M glycopeptide with non-fucosylated and non-sialylated hybrid-type glycan (HR = 6.30, P = 0.003).
immunoglobulin J chain FA2G2S2 motif	altered level	immunoglobulin J chain						prognostic	clear cell renal cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Renal Cell|Kidney Neoplasms	surgically resected	Humans	plasma		35148948	These included prothrombin A2G2S glycan motif (HR = 6.47, P = 9.53E-05), immunoglobulin J chain FA2G2S2 motif (HR = 10.69, P = 0.001), clusterin A2G2 motif (HR = 7.38, P = 0.002), complement component C8A A2G2S2 motif (HR = 11.59, P = 0.002), and apolipoprotein M glycopeptide with non-fucosylated and non-sialylated hybrid-type glycan (HR = 6.30, P = 0.003).
clusterin A2G2 motif	altered level	clusterin						prognostic	clear cell renal cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Renal Cell|Kidney Neoplasms	surgically resected	Humans	plasma		35148948	These included prothrombin A2G2S glycan motif (HR = 6.47, P = 9.53E-05), immunoglobulin J chain FA2G2S2 motif (HR = 10.69, P = 0.001), clusterin A2G2 motif (HR = 7.38, P = 0.002), complement component C8A A2G2S2 motif (HR = 11.59, P = 0.002), and apolipoprotein M glycopeptide with non-fucosylated and non-sialylated hybrid-type glycan (HR = 6.30, P = 0.003).
complement component C8A A2G2S2 motif	altered level	complement component C8A						prognostic	clear cell renal cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Renal Cell|Kidney Neoplasms	surgically resected	Humans	plasma		35148948	These included prothrombin A2G2S glycan motif (HR = 6.47, P = 9.53E-05), immunoglobulin J chain FA2G2S2 motif (HR = 10.69, P = 0.001), clusterin A2G2 motif (HR = 7.38, P = 0.002), complement component C8A A2G2S2 motif (HR = 11.59, P = 0.002), and apolipoprotein M glycopeptide with non-fucosylated and non-sialylated hybrid-type glycan (HR = 6.30, P = 0.003).
apolipoprotein M glycopeptide with non-fucosylated and non-sialylated hybrid-type glycan	altered level	apolipoprotein M						prognostic	clear cell renal cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Renal Cell|Kidney Neoplasms	surgically resected	Humans	plasma		35148948	These included prothrombin A2G2S glycan motif (HR = 6.47, P = 9.53E-05), immunoglobulin J chain FA2G2S2 motif (HR = 10.69, P = 0.001), clusterin A2G2 motif (HR = 7.38, P = 0.002), complement component C8A A2G2S2 motif (HR = 11.59, P = 0.002), and apolipoprotein M glycopeptide with non-fucosylated and non-sialylated hybrid-type glycan (HR = 6.30, P = 0.003).
sulfated glycans	altered level	Thy-1		Thy-1 Antigens					Thy-1-mediated adhesion of thymocytes to thymic epithelial cells			mouse	thymocytes|thymic epithelial cells	Thymus Gland|Epithelial Cells	1376338	In the present study, we aimed at evaluating the interaction of sulfated glycans with mouse Thy-1, as well as its consequence on Thy-1-mediated thymic lympho-epithelial cell interaction.
GM3	increased level							diagnostic	melanoma	Melanoma|Skin Neoplasms		human	melanoma	Melanoma	32853705	Gangliosides represent an emerging class, being used as tumor markers and targets of antibody therapy in melanomas, based on their elevated abundance in melanoma, especially of GM3 and GD3, when compared with the corresponding normal tissues.
GD3	increased level							diagnostic	melanoma	Melanoma|Skin Neoplasms		human	melanoma	Melanoma	32853705	Gangliosides represent an emerging class, being used as tumor markers and targets of antibody therapy in melanomas, based on their elevated abundance in melanoma, especially of GM3 and GD3, when compared with the corresponding normal tissues.
de-N-acetyl GM3	increased level							diagnostic	melanoma	Melanoma|Skin Neoplasms		human	melanoma	Melanoma	32853705	The present approach revealed the high incidence of species belonging to GD3 and GM3 classes, as well as of de-N-acetyl GM3 (d-GM3) and de-N-acetyl GD3 (d-GD3), characteristic for human melanoma.
de-N-acetyl GD3	increased level							diagnostic	melanoma	Melanoma|Skin Neoplasms		human	melanoma	Melanoma	32853705	The present approach revealed the high incidence of species belonging to GD3 and GM3 classes, as well as of de-N-acetyl GM3 (d-GM3) and de-N-acetyl GD3 (d-GD3), characteristic for human melanoma.
O126 glycoforms containing NeuAc	undetermined	recombinant human erythropoietin		Erythropoietin					doping						31892091	The O126-glycopeptide of rhEPO was used to optimize the methodology given its importance in quality control of biopharmaceuticals and doping analysis.
O126 glycoforms containing NeuGc	undetermined	recombinant human erythropoietin		Erythropoietin					doping						31892091	The O126-glycopeptide of rhEPO was used to optimize the methodology given its importance in quality control of biopharmaceuticals and doping analysis.
N-linked glycans	loss of structure	glycoprotein E2		glycoprotein E2, Hepatitis C virus				response	Hepatitis C	Hepatitis C		Humans	hepatocytes		17507469	Importantly, we showed that the removal of several glycans significantly increased the inhibition of entry by sera from HCV-positive individuals.
O-linked glycans	loss of structure	glycoprotein E2		glycoprotein E2, Hepatitis C virus				response	Hepatitis C	Hepatitis C		Humans	hepatocytes		17507469	Importantly, we showed that the removal of several glycans significantly increased the inhibition of entry by sera from HCV-positive individuals.
CA19.9 antigen	unaltered level				ST3GAL3		ST3GAL3 protein, human		epileptic encephalopathy	Epilepsy		Humans	serum		31584066	Both patients were found to efficiently express the CA19.9 antigen in the serum despite the total loss of ST3GAL3 activity, which thus appears replaceable from other ST3GALs in the synthesis of the sialyl-Lewis a epitope.
high mannose N-glycans	acquisition of structure				α-mannosidase IA		alpha-Mannosidase	diagnostic	aggressive prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	prostate cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	28782625	Consequently, trans-Golgi enzymes and cell surface glycoproteins acquire high mannose N-glycans, which are absent in cells with functional giantin.
high mannose N-glycans	loss of structure				α-mannosidase IA		alpha-Mannosidase	diagnostic	indolent prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	prostate cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	28782625	Consequently, trans-Golgi enzymes and cell surface glycoproteins acquire high mannose N-glycans, which are absent in cells with functional giantin.
phosphatidylinositol-glycan structure	loss of structure	carcinoembryonic antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen								human	bile		2457922	The latter feature should result in a substantially different membrane anchorage mechanism of BGP I compared to CEA, which lacks the cytoplasmic domain and is anchored via a phosphatidylinositol-glycan structure.
3-sulfoglucuronyl beta1-3 galactoside	acquisition of structure							response	peripheral nerve injury		peripheral nerve repair	mouse	femoral nerve		16958115	We tested the therapeutic potential of functional mimics of the human natural killer cell glycan (3-sulfoglucuronyl beta1-3 galactoside) (HNK-1) epitope, a carbohydrate indicated to favor specificity of motor reinnervation in mice.
human natural killer cell antigen-1	acquisition of structure								nerve regeneration	Nerve Regeneration	nerve conduits prefilled with hydrogels	mouse	femoral nerve	Femur	27102571	Nerve regeneration in porous (P) or nonporous (NP) conduits that were filled with either collagen only or collagen enhanced with a covalently attached neurite-promoting peptide mimic of the glycan human natural killer cell antigen-1 (m-HNK) were compared in a 5 mm critical size defect in the mouse femoral nerve repair model.
N260 glycan	loss of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	virus particle		24967714	Of the, on average, 24 N-linked glycans present on gp120, the glycan at Asn260 was reported to be essential for the correct expression of gp120 and gp41 in the virus particle and deletion of the N260 glycan in gp120 heavily compromised virus infectivity.
polysialic acid	increased level	NCAM-140		Ncam1 protein, mouse	STX		CMP-N-acetylneuraminate-poly-alpha-2,8-sialosyl sialyltransferase|Sialyltransferases		cancer			mouse	MCF-7 Cells	MCF-7 Cells	25885924	Neural cell adhesion molecule 140 (NCAM-140) is a glycoprotein and always highly polysialylated in cancer.
polysialic acid	increased level	NCAM-140		Ncam1 protein, mouse	STX		CMP-N-acetylneuraminate-poly-alpha-2,8-sialosyl sialyltransferase|Sialyltransferases		breast cancer			human	MCF-7 Cells	MCF-7 Cells	25885924	We cloned the genes for NCAM-140 and for polysialyltransferases STX and PST (responsible for PSA synthesis) from normal murine mammary gland epithelial (NMuMG) cells and transfected them into ldlD-14 and human breast cancer cells MCF-7.
sialyl Lewis x in extended core 1 O-glycans	undetermined	PSGL-1		Sialyl Lewis X Antigen	beta1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-3		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-N--acetylglucosaminyltransferase T3		neutrophil adhesion			Human	neutrophils	Neutrophils	12529363	In a rolling assay, CHO cells expressing sialyl Lewis x in extended core 1 O-glycans supported a significant degree of shear-dependent tethering and rolling of neutrophils and lymphocytes, although less than CHO cells expressing sialyl Lewis x in core 2 branched O-glycans.
sialyl Lewis x in core 2 branched O-glycans	undetermined	PSGL-1		Sialyl Lewis X Antigen	Core2GlcNAcT-I		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		neutrophil adhesion			Human	neutrophils	Neutrophils	12529363	In a rolling assay, CHO cells expressing sialyl Lewis x in extended core 1 O-glycans supported a significant degree of shear-dependent tethering and rolling of neutrophils and lymphocytes, although less than CHO cells expressing sialyl Lewis x in core 2 branched O-glycans.
N- and O-linked glycan residues	undetermined								keloids	Keloid		Humans	keloid tissues	Keloid	30801341	Importantly, many of these ECM molecules display N- and O-linked glycan residues and are considered as potential targets for galectin-1 (Gal-1) and galectin-3 (Gal-3).
glycan-phosphatidylinositol-anchored Fc gamma RIIIb	unaltered level	Fc gamma RIIIb		Receptors, IgG					neutrophil activation			Human	neutrophils	Neutrophils	9202425	Human neutrophils express two types of Fc gamma receptors, the transmembrane Fc gamma RIIa and the glycan-phosphatidylinositol-anchored Fc gamma RIIIb, that show synergism in provoking a cellular response.
sialyl Lewis x	unaltered level	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1		P-selectin ligand protein					inflammatory diseases				neutrophil	Neutrophils	10455156	GSP-6 (<5 microM) substantially inhibits neutrophil adhesion to P-selectin in vitro, whereas free sLe(x) (5 mM) only slightly inhibits adhesion.
mannose	altered level							diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	cell surface		26143470	Accurate and highly sensitive detection of glycan expression on cell surface is extremely important for cancer diagnosis and therapy.
high mannose tri and tetra antennary N-glycans	increased level	CA 125 antigen		CA-125 Antigen				diagnostic|response	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	ovarian epithelial cancer SKOV3 and OVCAR3 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	34748163	RBL has unique specificity for high mannose tri and tetra antennary N-glycans, expressed in ovarian cancer and also recognizes glycans which are part of CA 125 antigen, a well known ovarian cancer marker.
Tn-antigen	acquisition of structure	glycophorin A		Glycophorins				diagnostic|response	cancer	Neoplasms	therapeutics and diagnostics				21248428	Oncogenic antigens such as Tn-antigen (GalNAcα-Ser/Thr) are involved in metastatic processes and are associated with a poor prognosis, thus representing excellent targets for cancer intervention.
O-linked glycans	altered level	CD8β		CD8 Antigens					CD8+ T-cell responses	CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes		Mice	T cell	CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	31704286	we show that CD8 binding to pMHC in cis involves a different docking mode and is regulated by posttranslational modifications including a membrane-distal interchain disulfide bond and negatively charged O-linked glycans near positively charged sequences on the CD8β stalk.
sialylated core 1 (sialyl-T, ST) oligosaccharides	acquisition of structure	MUC1 glycoprotein		Mucin-1					epithelial tumors			Humans	Dendritic Cells	Dendritic Cells	15944279	The O-glycosylation profile of the recombinant MUC1 glycoprotein (ST-MUC1) resembled that expressed by epithelial tumors in vivo, consisting of large numbers of sialylated core 1 (sialyl-T, ST) oligosaccharides.
O-secretor mucin glycan phenotype	increased level							risk	asthma exacerbation	Asthma	prednisone	Humans	Respiratory Mucosa	Respiratory Mucosa	20732988	The O-secretor mucin glycan phenotype is associated with susceptibility to asthma exacerbation.
HNK-1	altered level	NCAM|L1|ependymine|integrins		Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules||					retinotectal sharpening		osmotic minipumps to infuse HNK-1 antibodies	goldfish	retinotectal system		9858266	The results support a role for the HNK-1 epitope and laminin in retinotectal sharpening.
oligomannoside	altered level	L1|NCAM		Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules					retinotectal sharpening		Infusion of oligomannosidic glycopeptides	goldfish	retinotectal system		9858266	Thus, oligomannosidic glycans in particular may play a role in retinotopic sharpening.
anti-glycan antibodies	increased level							diagnostic|predictive	Crohn's disease	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases		Humans	serum		29596443	Serum anti-glycan antibodies are a promising tool for differential diagnosis, disease stratification and prediction of Crohn's disease (CD).
anti-glycan antibodies	increased level							risk	inflammatory bowel disease	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases		Humans	serum		29596443	A higher proportion of non-affected CD relatives was positive for anti-glycan antibodies compared to healthy subjects.
N-linked glycosylation site (N66)	acquisition of structure	CD4		CD4 Antigens					Simian Immunodeficiency Virus infection	Simian Immunodeficiency Virus		Pan troglodytes	CD4+ T cells	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes	30718403	The most striking differences were observed for three substitutions (Q25R, Q40R, and P68T), with P68T generating a second N-linked glycosylation site (N66) in addition to an invariant N32 encoded by all chimpanzee CD4 alleles.
D1 domain glycan	loss of structure	CD4		CD4 Antigens					Simian Immunodeficiency Virus infection	Simian Immunodeficiency Virus		Pan troglodytes	CD4+ T cells	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes	30718403	CD4 polymorphisms also reduced Env-mediated cell entry of monkey SIVs, which was dependent on at least one D1 domain glycan.
α2-6-linked sialic acids	increased level				ST6Gal-I	ST6GAL1	Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human	prognostic	ovarian carcinomas	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	cancer cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	27216178	ST6Gal-I is upregulated in ovarian and pancreatic carcinomas, enriched in metastatic tumors, and associated with reduced patient survival.
α2-6-linked sialic acids	increased level				ST6Gal-I	ST6GAL1	Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human	prognostic	pancreatic carcinomas	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	cancer cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	27216178	ST6Gal-I is upregulated in ovarian and pancreatic carcinomas, enriched in metastatic tumors, and associated with reduced patient survival.
mucin	undetermined	Mucin-1	MUC1	Mucin-1				response	epithelial cell tumors		vaccination	Pan troglodytes	B cells	B-Lymphocytes	8643693	Aberrant glycosylation of the mucin molecule (encoded by the gene MUC-1) on human epithelial cell tumors leads to the exposure of tumor-associated epitopes recognized by patients' antibodies and cytotoxic T cells.
Lewis Y (Le(Y))	unaltered level	DC-SIGN|langerin		DC-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin|CD207 protein, human				response	cancer	Cancer Vaccines	anti-cancer vaccines	human	dendritic cells|Langerhans cells	Dendritic Cells|Langerhans Cells	25656175	Although using glycans remains an interesting option in the design of anti-cancer vaccines targeting multiple CLRs, aspects such as molecule size and conformation need to be taken in consideration.
N-glycan	altered level				glycosyltransferases			diagnostic|prognostic	biliary tract cancer	Biliary Tract Neoplasms	surgery|immunotherapy	Humans	serum		38824438	Changes in the expression of genes related to glycosyltransferases may lead to alterations in N-glycan structure abundance, potentially acting as markers for diagnosis and prognosis in biliary tract cancer (BTC).
sialylated and polyfucosylated polylactosamines	increased level	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1		Glycoproteins|Membrane Glycoproteins					binding to P-selectin	P-Selectin		human	HL-60 cells	HL-60 Cells	12145302	However, PSGL-1 from human HL-60 cells contains higher levels of O-glycans that are sialylated and polyfucosylated polylactosamines (PFPL).
N-linked glycans	unaltered level	CD146		CD146 Antigen|MCAM protein, human				prognostic	cancer	Neoplasms		animal	vascular endothelial cells	Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells	28364041	Moreover, galectin-3 bound to N-linked glycans on CD146 and induced CD146 dimerization and subsequent activation of AKT signaling.
Tn antigen	increased level				T-synthase	C1GALT1	C1GALT1 protein, human|Galactosyltransferases		colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	HCT116 cells	HCT116 Cells	30035127	We showed that forced knockout of T-synthase in HCT116 cells significantly induced Tn antigen expression, which represented the occurrence of aberrant O-glycosylation.
N-glycan	undetermined	CD59		CD59 Antigens								Human	Urine	Urine	7507750	Nearly complete 1H-NMR assignments were obtained for the 77 amino acid residues and partial assignments for the N-glycan and the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor.
glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor	undetermined	CD59		CD59 Antigens								Human	Urine	Urine	7507750	Nearly complete 1H-NMR assignments were obtained for the 77 amino acid residues and partial assignments for the N-glycan and the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor.
galectin-3-reactive ligands	altered level	galectin-3		Galectin 3				diagnostic	squamous cancer	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|Head and Neck Neoplasms		Humans	squamous epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	11408923	The present study showed that expression of galectin-3-reactive glycoligands is differentiation-dependent in normal as well as malignant squamous cells.
N-glycan	altered level	α-1-acid glycoprotein		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	bladder cancer	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		human	urine		27933927	We further applied quantitative N-glycoproteomics and the strategy to validate a panel of glycoproteins identified as potential biomarkers for bladder cancer by analyzing urine glycoproteins from bladder cancer patients or matched healthy individuals.
non-glycosylated NT-proBNP	decreased ratio	NT-proBNP		pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76)|Natriuretic Peptide, Brain				diagnostic	heart failure	Heart Failure		Humans	Plasma		36457141	The median percentage of non-glycosylated NT-proBNP to total NT-proBNP was 1.5-1.6-fold lower in the non-HF group compared to that in the HF group.
total NT-proBNP	unaltered level	NT-proBNP		pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76)|Natriuretic Peptide, Brain				diagnostic	heart failure	Heart Failure		Humans	Plasma		36457141	The clinical value of total NT-proBNP for HF diagnosis was similar to the subfraction of NT-proBNP that was non-glycosylated at Ser44.
anti-glycan antibodies	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease	CD-related surgery	Humans	serum		22147427	We tested a panel of serological anti-glycan antibodies including the novel anti-laminarin (Anti-L) and anti-chitin (Anti-C) antibodies in pediatric Crohn's disease (CD) patients for diagnosis of CD and association with complicated CD behavior.
gASCA	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease	CD-related surgery	Humans	serum		22147427	gASCA was most accurate for the diagnosis of CD, but combined use of the antibodies improved differentiation of CD from UC.
AMCA	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease	CD-related surgery	Humans	serum		22147427	gASCA, AMCA, ALCA, or Anti-L and an increasing antibody level were independently linked to complicated CD behavior, CD-related surgery, and ileal disease location (odds ratio 3.9-8.7).
ALCA	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease	CD-related surgery	Humans	serum		22147427	gASCA, AMCA, ALCA, or Anti-L and an increasing antibody level were independently linked to complicated CD behavior, CD-related surgery, and ileal disease location (odds ratio 3.9-8.7).
Anti-L	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease	CD-related surgery	Humans	serum		22147427	gASCA, AMCA, ALCA, or Anti-L and an increasing antibody level were independently linked to complicated CD behavior, CD-related surgery, and ileal disease location (odds ratio 3.9-8.7).
N-linked glycans	altered level	CD1d		Antigens, CD1|Antigens, CD1d|CD1D protein, human								Humans	Endoplasmic Reticulum	Endoplasmic Reticulum	12239218	Here we show that CD1d associates in the ER with both calnexin and calreticulin and with the thiol oxidoreductase ERp57 in a manner dependent on glucose trimming of its N-linked glycans.
N-linked glycans with multivalent GlcNAc termini	unaltered level	ovalbumin		Ovalbumin											17115280	GM3 ganglioside interacts specifically with complex-type N-linked glycans having multivalent GlcNAc termini, as shown for (1) and (2) below.
N-linked glycans with multivalent GlcNAc termini	unaltered level	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins											17115280	(2) Multi-antennary complex-type N-linked OS isolated from fetuin, treated by sialidase followed by beta-galactosidase, having three or four GlcNAc termini exposed.
CA 19-9 antigen	increased level	MUC5AC		MUC5AC protein, human|Mucin 5AC				diagnostic	pancreatic adenocarcinoma	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	serum|plasma	Humans|	22220206	However, a subset of cancer patients with no elevation in the standard CA 19-9 assay showed elevations of the CA 19-9 antigen specifically on the proteins MUC5AC or MUC16 in all sample sets.
CA 19-9 antigen	increased level	MUC16		MUC16 protein, human				diagnostic	pancreatic adenocarcinoma	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	serum|plasma	Humans|	22220206	However, a subset of cancer patients with no elevation in the standard CA 19-9 assay showed elevations of the CA 19-9 antigen specifically on the proteins MUC5AC or MUC16 in all sample sets.
N-acetylglucosamine moieties	altered level	acute-phase glycoproteins		Acute-Phase Proteins				risk	type 2 diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	blood		25908766	We hypothesized that a novel biomarker (GlycA) of N-acetyl methyl groups originating mainly from N-acetylglucosamine moieties of acute-phase glycoproteins is related to incident type 2 diabetes mellitus and compared it with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.
xylose-binding proteins	increased level	PDIA6|APOA1		PDIA6 protein, human|APOA1 protein, human|Apolipoprotein A-I				diagnostic	liver fibrosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		26687723	2 candidates (i.e. PDIA6 and APOA1) were then selected for further verification in the sera of patients with HBV-induced chronic hepatitis/cirrhosis using western blotting and serum microarrays.
xylose-binding proteins	increased level	PDIA6|APOA1		PDIA6 protein, human|APOA1 protein, human|Apolipoprotein A-I				diagnostic	liver cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		26687723	2 candidates (i.e. PDIA6 and APOA1) were then selected for further verification in the sera of patients with HBV-induced chronic hepatitis/cirrhosis using western blotting and serum microarrays.
embryoglycan	loss of structure								embryonal carcinoma			mouse	embryonal carcinoma cells		2574458	Most developmentally regulated epitopes identified on embryonal carcinoma cells and murine preimplantation embryos are associated with a glycoprotein-bound large glycan called embryoglycan.
sialyl Lewis(x)	altered level	mucins		Mucins				diagnostic	colonic adenoma	Adenoma		Humans	colon	Colon	1350509	Monoclonal antibody AM-3 (MAb AM-3) raised against a sialomucin from human colorectal carcinoma has previously been shown to define a carbohydrate epitope, which is detectable by immunocytochemistry on all investigated colonic carcinomas and is expressed in correlation with the grade of dysplasia in colonic adenomas (Hanski et al., J. Clin. Pathol., 43: 379-385, 1990).
sialyl Lewis(x)	altered level	mucins		Mucins				diagnostic	colonic carcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	colon	Colon	1350509	Monoclonal antibody AM-3 (MAb AM-3) raised against a sialomucin from human colorectal carcinoma has previously been shown to define a carbohydrate epitope, which is detectable by immunocytochemistry on all investigated colonic carcinomas and is expressed in correlation with the grade of dysplasia in colonic adenomas (Hanski et al., J. Clin. Pathol., 43: 379-385, 1990).
α2,3-sialylation	decreased level				N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase III		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		hepatoma	Neoplasms		Human	HepG2 cells	Humans|Cell Line, Tumor	26801611	Overexpression of GnT-III promotes the cell migration in glioma cells U-251 and hepatoma cells HepG2, although it has little influence in human breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231 and gastric cancer cell MKN-45.
α2,3-sialylation	decreased level				N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase III		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		glioma	Neoplasms		Human	U-251 cells	Humans|Cell Line, Tumor	26801611	Overexpression of GnT-III promotes the cell migration in glioma cells U-251 and hepatoma cells HepG2, although it has little influence in human breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231 and gastric cancer cell MKN-45.
α2,6-sialylation	increased level				β-galactoside α2,6-sialyltransferase 1	ST6GAL1	Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human		hepatoma	Neoplasms		Human	HepG2 cells	Humans|Cell Line, Tumor	26801611	Conversely, depletion of α2,6-sialylation by knock-out of β-galactoside α2,6-sialyltranferase 1 in α2,6-hypersialylated HepG2 cells endows GnT-III with the anti-migratory ability.
α2,6-sialylation	increased level				β-galactoside α2,6-sialyltransferase 1	ST6GAL1	Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human		glioma	Neoplasms		Human	U-251 cells	Humans|Cell Line, Tumor	26801611	Conversely, depletion of α2,6-sialylation by knock-out of β-galactoside α2,6-sialyltranferase 1 in α2,6-hypersialylated HepG2 cells endows GnT-III with the anti-migratory ability.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	cutaneous melanoma	Melanoma|Skin Neoplasms		Humans	melanoma cells	Cell Line, Tumor	29802864	The appearance of Tn antigen-modified proteins in cancer is correlated with metastasis and poor prognoses.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|response	cutaneous melanoma	Melanoma|Skin Neoplasms		Humans	melanoma cells	Cell Line, Tumor	29802864	The Tn determinant has been recognized as a powerful diagnostic and therapeutic target, and as an object for the development of anti-tumor vaccine strategies.
glycan:sulfotransferase	increased level				Gal3Sulfo-T(2)|Gal3Sulfo-T(4)|GlcNAc6Sulfo-T		Sulfotransferases|Sulfotransferases|Sulfotransferases		gastric carcinoma	Stomach Neoplasms		human	gastric tissues	Stomach Neoplasms	17492468	Up regulation of glycan:sulfotransferase activities and down regulation of alpha1,2-fucosyltransferase activity are apparently associated with human gastric tumorigenesis.
alpha1,2-fucosyltransferase	decreased level				alpha1,2-fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases		gastric carcinoma	Stomach Neoplasms		human	gastric tissues	Stomach Neoplasms	17492468	Up regulation of glycan:sulfotransferase activities and down regulation of alpha1,2-fucosyltransferase activity are apparently associated with human gastric tumorigenesis.
glycans with terminal sialic acid residues	decreased level							diagnostic	cancers			Humans	serum		29945787	Glycoproteins bearing glycans with terminal sialic acid residues have been shown to be differentially expressed in a variety of cancers and are of interest due to the varied involvement of sialic acid in biological functions related to cancer development and metastasis.
glycans with high degrees of sialylation	increased level							monitoring	gastric cancer		surgical intervention for tumour removal	Humans	serum		29945787	Application of the platform using pooled serum from patients bearing gastric cancer, both before and after surgical intervention for tumour removal, revealed a number of differentially expressed proteins associated with cell recognition and cell signalling.
sialylated antigens	undetermined	CD33		CD33 protein, human					pathogenicity of sialylated pathogens		targeted immunotherapy	human	leukocyte		17947393	The leukocyte CD33-related sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectins (Siglecs) are implicated in glycan recognition and host defense against and pathogenicity of sialylated pathogens.
Galβ1-3GalNAc	unaltered level	ZP3		Zona Pellucida Glycoproteins					egg-sperm interactions	Sperm-Ovum Interactions		Chicken	egg coat	Ovum	22776203	The four major ZP3 isoforms 4-7 (from acidic to basic) were recognized equally with PNA (Galβ1-3GalNAc), but the isoforms 5-7 were recognized dominantly with WGA ((β-GlcNAc)n, clustered Sia), PHA-E (bi- and triantennary N-glycan containing Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-2Manα1-6) and RCA I (terminal Galβ1-4GlcNAc), respectively.
(β-GlcNAc)n, clustered Sia	increased level	ZP3		Zona Pellucida Glycoproteins					egg-sperm interactions	Sperm-Ovum Interactions		Chicken	egg coat	Ovum	22776203	The four major ZP3 isoforms 4-7 (from acidic to basic) were recognized equally with PNA (Galβ1-3GalNAc), but the isoforms 5-7 were recognized dominantly with WGA ((β-GlcNAc)n, clustered Sia), PHA-E (bi- and triantennary N-glycan containing Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-2Manα1-6) and RCA I (terminal Galβ1-4GlcNAc), respectively.
bi- and triantennary N-glycan containing Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-2Manα1-6	increased level	ZP3		Zona Pellucida Glycoproteins					egg-sperm interactions	Sperm-Ovum Interactions		Chicken	egg coat	Ovum	22776203	The four major ZP3 isoforms 4-7 (from acidic to basic) were recognized equally with PNA (Galβ1-3GalNAc), but the isoforms 5-7 were recognized dominantly with WGA ((β-GlcNAc)n, clustered Sia), PHA-E (bi- and triantennary N-glycan containing Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-2Manα1-6) and RCA I (terminal Galβ1-4GlcNAc), respectively.
terminal Galβ1-4GlcNAc	increased level	ZP3		Zona Pellucida Glycoproteins					egg-sperm interactions	Sperm-Ovum Interactions		Chicken	egg coat	Ovum	22776203	The four major ZP3 isoforms 4-7 (from acidic to basic) were recognized equally with PNA (Galβ1-3GalNAc), but the isoforms 5-7 were recognized dominantly with WGA ((β-GlcNAc)n, clustered Sia), PHA-E (bi- and triantennary N-glycan containing Galβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-2Manα1-6) and RCA I (terminal Galβ1-4GlcNAc), respectively.
chondroitin sulfate	decreased level							diagnostic	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	cancer tissue		24502776	In cancer tissue, the total amount of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate were lower and, interestingly, the level of disaccharide units of both 4S6S (CS-E) and 6S (CS-C) were higher compared to normal tissue.
dermatan sulfate	decreased level							diagnostic	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	cancer tissue		24502776	In cancer tissue, the total amount of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate were lower and, interestingly, the level of disaccharide units of both 4S6S (CS-E) and 6S (CS-C) were higher compared to normal tissue.
heparan sulfate	decreased level							diagnostic	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	cancer tissue		24502776	In cancer tissue, the total amount of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate were lower and, interestingly, the level of disaccharide units of both 4S6S (CS-E) and 6S (CS-C) were higher compared to normal tissue.
4S6S (CS-E) disaccharide units	increased level							diagnostic	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	cancer tissue		24502776	In cancer tissue, the total amount of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate were lower and, interestingly, the level of disaccharide units of both 4S6S (CS-E) and 6S (CS-C) were higher compared to normal tissue.
6S (CS-C) disaccharide units	increased level							diagnostic	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	cancer tissue		24502776	In cancer tissue, the total amount of chondroitin sulfate (CS)/dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate were lower and, interestingly, the level of disaccharide units of both 4S6S (CS-E) and 6S (CS-C) were higher compared to normal tissue.
glucosylceramide	increased level							diagnostic	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	cancer tissue		24502776	Increase of lyso-phosphatidylcholine (phospholipid), sphingomyelin (sphigolipid), and four types of glycolipids (glucosylceramide, lactosylceramide, monosialic acid ganglioside, and globoside 4) in cancer tissue showed the possibility as potential biomarkers in colon cancer.
lactosylceramide	increased level							diagnostic	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	cancer tissue		24502776	Increase of lyso-phosphatidylcholine (phospholipid), sphingomyelin (sphigolipid), and four types of glycolipids (glucosylceramide, lactosylceramide, monosialic acid ganglioside, and globoside 4) in cancer tissue showed the possibility as potential biomarkers in colon cancer.
monosialic acid ganglioside	increased level							diagnostic	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	cancer tissue		24502776	Increase of lyso-phosphatidylcholine (phospholipid), sphingomyelin (sphigolipid), and four types of glycolipids (glucosylceramide, lactosylceramide, monosialic acid ganglioside, and globoside 4) in cancer tissue showed the possibility as potential biomarkers in colon cancer.
globoside 4	increased level							diagnostic	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	cancer tissue		24502776	Increase of lyso-phosphatidylcholine (phospholipid), sphingomyelin (sphigolipid), and four types of glycolipids (glucosylceramide, lactosylceramide, monosialic acid ganglioside, and globoside 4) in cancer tissue showed the possibility as potential biomarkers in colon cancer.
α2,6-sialylated PSA glycoforms	decreased level	Prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				risk	aggressive prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	sera		34611876	The percentage of the α2,6-sialylated PSA glycoforms is significantly decreased in aggressive prostate cancer compared to indolent prostate cancer and benign prostate hyperplasia, being a promising new glycobiomarker for prostate cancer risk stratification.
(2,3)-sialyl-T antigen	acquisition of structure	MUC1|MUC4		Mucin-1|Mucin-4					carcinoma				carcinoma cell lines		15352098	Among the tumor-associated saccharide antigens, the (2,3)-sialyl-T antigen has been identified as the most abundant glycan, found in several different carcinoma cell lines.
NeuAc alpha 2-3Gal	undetermined	sialoadhesin		SIGLEC1 protein, human|Siglec1 protein, mouse									macrophage		7592823	Sialoadhesin is a macrophage-restricted receptor containing 17 extracellular Ig-like domains which recognizes oligosaccharides terminating in NeuAc alpha 2-3Gal in N- and O-linked glycans.
NeuAc alpha 2-6Gal	undetermined	CD22		CD22 protein, human|Cd22 protein, mouse									B cell		7592823	CD22 is a B cell-restricted receptor with seven Ig-like domains which selectively recognizes oligosaccharides terminating in NeuAc alpha 2-6Gal in N-glycans.
S19 carbohydrate epitope	acquisition of structure	CD52		CD52 Antigen|CD52 protein, human				diagnostic	infertility		contraceptive immunogen	human	spermatozoa	Spermatozoa	12021047	SAGA-1 was characterized by the sperm-inhibitory murine monoclonal antibody (mAb) S19, and it is the target antigen of a human mAb (H6-3C4) associated with antibody-mediated infertility.
S19 carbohydrate epitope	acquisition of structure	CD52		CD52 Antigen|CD52 protein, human				diagnostic	infertility		contraceptive immunogen	chimpanzee	spermatozoa	Spermatozoa	12021047	In addition, the S19 mAb agglutinated chimpanzee spermatozoa in a manner similar to the effect observed on human spermatozoa.
core N-glycans	altered level	SEMA4B		Semaphorins|semaphorin 4B, mouse				diagnostic	lung adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma of Lung|Lung Neoplasms		human	bronchial epithelial cells	Bronchi|Epithelial Cells	22761399	Finally, the studies on KRAS-regulated N-glycoproteins revealed structural alterations in the core N-glycans of SEMA4B in KRAS-activated human bronchial epithelial cells and functional role of N-glycosylation of TIMP-1 in the regulation of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell invasion.
N-glycosylation	altered level	TIMP-1		TIMP1 protein, human|Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1				diagnostic	lung adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma of Lung|Lung Neoplasms		human	bronchial epithelial cells	Bronchi|Epithelial Cells	22761399	Finally, the studies on KRAS-regulated N-glycoproteins revealed structural alterations in the core N-glycans of SEMA4B in KRAS-activated human bronchial epithelial cells and functional role of N-glycosylation of TIMP-1 in the regulation of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell invasion.
Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen	increased level	MUC1|MUC5AC		MUC5AC protein, human|Mucin 5AC				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	serum		19377061	The most frequent glycan elevations involved the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen, fucose, and Lewis antigens.
fucose	increased level	MUC1|MUC5AC		MUC5AC protein, human|Mucin 5AC				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	serum		19377061	The most frequent glycan elevations involved the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen, fucose, and Lewis antigens.
Lewis antigens	increased level	MUC1|MUC5AC		MUC5AC protein, human|Mucin 5AC				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	serum		19377061	The most frequent glycan elevations involved the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen, fucose, and Lewis antigens.
alpha-linked mannose	increased level	MUC1|MUC5AC		MUC5AC protein, human|Mucin 5AC				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	serum		19377061	An unexpected increase in the exposure of alpha-linked mannose also was observed on MUC1 and MUC5ac, indicating possible N-glycan modifications.
cancer antigen 19-9	increased level	MUC1						diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	serum		19377061	The most significant elevation was the cancer antigen 19-9 on MUC1, occurring in 19 of 23 (87%) of the cancer patients and one of 23 (4%) of the control subjects.
bisecting N-acetylglucosamine	increased level	tau		tau Proteins				predictive	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	blood		37042462	Bisecting N-acetylglucosamine in combination with tau is a valuable blood biomarker for predicting AD.
HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120	loss of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|gp120 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1				response	HIV-1	HIV-1	immunization	Rabbits			20558728	The OD(EC)-designed immunogen lacks the variable loops V1V2 and V3 and incorporates 11 designed mutations at the interface of the inner and the outer domains of gp120.
mannose-rich polypeptide	acquisition of structure	aminopeptidase N		CD13 Antigens					leukemia			Humans	myelomonocytic cells		16469741	At physiological temperatures the mutant protein is enzymatically inactive, persists as a mannose-rich polypeptide in the endoplasmic reticulum, and is ultimately degraded by an endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation pathway.
N-linked glycosylation site	loss of structure	Envelope glycoprotein		env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus				risk	HIV Infections	HIV Infections		Human Immunodeficiency Virus			21980282	The second was the loss of an N-linked glycosylation site at positions 413-415; the presence of this site has been recently found to be associated with escape from potent and broad neutralizing antibodies, consistent with enabling a common pathway for immune escape during chronic infection.
complex carbohydrate	acquisition of structure	Ly-49D		Antigens, Ly					tumor			Mice	NK cells		14530347	The presence of a complex carbohydrate group at this critical site could interfere with class I binding.
complex carbohydrate	acquisition of structure	Ly-49G2		Antigens, Ly					tumor			Mice	NK cells		14530347	Furthermore, glycosylation of Ly-49G2 at NTT (221-23) also reduces receptor binding to H-2D(d) tetramers.
IgG glycosylation	altered level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G					inactive IgG isotype			Humans	C(H)2 domain		11160318	This study reveals that the residues K326 and E333 play a significant role in the control of the biological activity of an IgG molecule and can rescue the activity of an inactive IgG isotype.
T antigen	acquisition of structure	leukosialin		Leukosialin					HIV-1 infection	HIV-1		human	SupT1 cell line	Cell Line	7496150	These results suggest that an anti-T antibody may be included in the autoantibodies found in HIV-1 infected individuals.
O-glycans with terminal alpha1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine	unaltered level	gastric mucin		Gastric Mucins				risk	Helicobacter pylori infection	Helicobacter pylori		Humans	gastric mucosa	Gastric Mucosa	15310903	Because H. pylori is rarely found in deeper portions of the gastric mucosa, where O-glycans are expressed that have terminal alpha1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine, we tested whether these O-glycans might affect H. pylori growth.
glycan phosphoinositol anchor	undetermined	Fc gamma receptor		Receptors, IgG								human	polymorphonuclear neutrophils		9382867	While many cell types express receptors for the Fc domain of IgG (Fc gamma R), only primate polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) express an Fc gamma R linked to the membrane via a glycan phosphoinositol (GPI) anchor.
NeuGc alpha 2-6Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc	unaltered level	CD45-thy		Leukocyte Common Antigens								rat	thymus	Thymus Gland	8621588	By in situ desialylation and resialylation of immobilized CD45-thy, we show that mouse CD22 binds to the sialoglycoconjugate NeuGc alpha 2-6Gal beta 1-4GlcNAc carried on CD45-thy N-glycans.
glycan profile	undetermined							diagnostic	maturity-onset diabetes of the young	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1		Humans			23760703	Recently, genomewide association studies have resulted in the identification of C-reactive protein and glycan profile as specific biomarkers for the most common MODY subtype due to HNF1A mutations, and the potential translation of these findings are discussed.
N-linked glycans	undetermined	ICAM-2		ICAM2 protein, human											9153399	A bend between domains 1 and 2 of ICAM-2 and a tripod-like arrangement of N-linked glycans in the membrane-proximal region of domain 2 may be important for presenting the recognition surface to LFA-1.
Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-positive Mac-2 binding protein	increased level	Mac-2 binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic	chronic pancreatitis	Pancreatitis, Chronic		Human	serum		28421667	Serum WFA<sup>+</sup> -M2BP level was significantly higher in patients with CP than in NC (0.64 ± 0.28 vs 0.34 ± 0.25, P < 0.001).
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	T-lymphocyte			beta 1,3-galactosyltransferase				Tn-syndrome			Human	T-lymphocyte	T-Lymphocytes	8872113	Tn+ T lymphocytes express only Tn antigen GalNAc alpha 1-O-R) while other O-glycan structures such as sialosyl-Tn (Neu5Ac alpha 2,6GalNAc alpha 1-O-R) or TF (Gal beta 1-3GalNAc alpha 1-O-R) antigens are absent from these cells as shown by flow cytometry using specific mABs for TF and sialosyl-Tn antigen, respectively.
sialosyl-Tn	loss of structure	T-lymphocyte			beta 1,3-galactosyltransferase				Tn-syndrome			Human	T-lymphocyte	T-Lymphocytes	8872113	Tn+ T lymphocytes express only Tn antigen GalNAc alpha 1-O-R) while other O-glycan structures such as sialosyl-Tn (Neu5Ac alpha 2,6GalNAc alpha 1-O-R) or TF (Gal beta 1-3GalNAc alpha 1-O-R) antigens are absent from these cells as shown by flow cytometry using specific mABs for TF and sialosyl-Tn antigen, respectively.
TF antigen	loss of structure	T-lymphocyte			beta 1,3-galactosyltransferase				Tn-syndrome			Human	T-lymphocyte	T-Lymphocytes	8872113	Tn+ T lymphocytes express only Tn antigen GalNAc alpha 1-O-R) while other O-glycan structures such as sialosyl-Tn (Neu5Ac alpha 2,6GalNAc alpha 1-O-R) or TF (Gal beta 1-3GalNAc alpha 1-O-R) antigens are absent from these cells as shown by flow cytometry using specific mABs for TF and sialosyl-Tn antigen, respectively.
CA 19-9	unaltered level			CA-19-9 Antigen				diagnostic	chronic pancreatitis	Pancreatitis, Chronic		Humans	plasma		26431551	Chronic pancreatitis patients did not show CA 19-9 elevations, but patients with benign biliary obstruction had elevations nearly as high as the cancer patients.
CA 19-9	increased level			CA-19-9 Antigen				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms	resection	Humans	plasma		26431551	CA 19-9 distinguished pancreatic cancers from the healthy and chronic pancreatitis groups with an average sensitivity and specificity of 70-74%, similar to previous studies using all stages of pancreatic cancer.
sialylated core-1 O-glycans	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1	alpha2,3 sialyltransferase		Sialyltransferases|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast epithelial cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9182658	In T47D cells, which do not express core-2 beta1,6 GlcNAc T, the increased activity of the sialyltransferase correlated with increased sialylation of core-1 O-glycans on the epithelial mucin MUC1.
core-2 O-glycans	decreased level	MUC1		Mucin-1	core-2 beta1,6 N-acetyl-d-glucosamine transferase				breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast epithelial cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9182658	Increased levels of the alpha2,3 SAT (O) and decreased levels of the core-2 beta1,6 GlcNAc T are seen in breast cancer cells and correlate with differences in the structure of the O-glycans synthesized.
6'-O-sulfo NSANeu5Ac	acquisition of structure	Siglec-8|Siglec-F		SIGLEC8 protein, human|Siglecf protein, mouse				diagnostic	eosinophil disorders			Mice	eosinophils		31460762	Targeted liposomes showed strong in vitro binding/uptake and selectivity to cells expressing Siglec-8 or -F and, when administered to mice, exhibit in vivo targeting to Siglec-F+ eosinophils.
6'-O-sulfo NSANeu5Ac	acquisition of structure	Siglec-8|Siglec-F		SIGLEC8 protein, human|Siglecf protein, mouse				diagnostic	mast cell disorders			Mice	eosinophils		31460762	Targeted liposomes showed strong in vitro binding/uptake and selectivity to cells expressing Siglec-8 or -F and, when administered to mice, exhibit in vivo targeting to Siglec-F+ eosinophils.
N460/N463 glycans	undetermined	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	plasma		36577292	We also looked at the envelope sequence characteristics of donor CBJC263 and discovered that N276 in the D loop and N460/N463 glycans in the V5 region of gp120 potentially interact with V<sub>L</sub> of 263A9 at the structural level.
sialyl-Le(x)	altered level								immune system			Humans|Mice	cells of the immune, haemopoietic, and nervous systems		16647038	Siglecs are receptors on cells of the immune, haemopoietic, and nervous systems that recognize sialyl-glycans with differing preferences for sialic acid linkage and oligosaccharide backbone sequence.
sialyl-Le(x)	altered level								haemopoietic system			Humans|Mice	cells of the immune, haemopoietic, and nervous systems		16647038	Siglecs are receptors on cells of the immune, haemopoietic, and nervous systems that recognize sialyl-glycans with differing preferences for sialic acid linkage and oligosaccharide backbone sequence.
sialyl-Le(x)	altered level								nervous system			Humans|Mice	cells of the immune, haemopoietic, and nervous systems		16647038	Siglecs are receptors on cells of the immune, haemopoietic, and nervous systems that recognize sialyl-glycans with differing preferences for sialic acid linkage and oligosaccharide backbone sequence.
N-glycan	altered level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	cerebrospinal fluid		37762527	KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the most significant pathways for the differentially expressed proteins were the N-glycan biosynthesis pathways.
GlycA	increased level							risk	cardiovascular disease	Cardiovascular Diseases	Rosuvastatin	Humans			27413042	In the JUPITER trial, increased levels of GlycA were associated with an increased risk of CVD events independent of traditional risk factors and hsCRP.
glycan structures of fetuin	undetermined	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins					Toxoplasma gondii infection	Toxoplasma		Toxoplasma gondii	tachyzoites		7684138	As revealed by inhibition studies with sialic acid and the lectin Sambucus nigra agglutinin, the 15-kDa protein probably recognized glycan structures of fetuin.
SLeX blood group determinant	acquisition of structure				fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases|galactoside 3-fucosyltransferase		Schistosomiasis			Schistosoma mansoni			9662708	We further demonstrated the expression and enzymatic activity of the fucosyltransferase in the transfected cells by immunofluorescence studies and flow microfluorimetric analysis, which indicated that the enzyme is capable of synthesizing the SLeX blood group determinant but not the LeX determinant in CHO cells.
glycans	altered level	HIV-1 envelope (Env)		Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies					HIV-1	HIV-1	HIV-1 vaccine	macaques	B cells		38181743	HIV-1 vaccines have not elicited CD4bs bnAbs for many reasons, including the occlusion of CD4bs by glycans, expansion of appropriate naive B cells with immunogens, and selection of functional antibody mutations.
globotriaosylceramide	altered level							diagnostic|response	cancer	Neoplasms	immunotherapy	Humans	cancer cells	Neoplasms	36494671	Here we present an approach to redirect the immune system into fighting cancer by targeting altered glycans at the surface of malignant cells.
α(2,6)-linked sialylation	loss of structure				ST6GAL1	ST6GAL1	Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human|beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase		TNFα-induced maturation	Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha		Humans	MUTZ-3 cell line	Cell Line	38873803	By knocking out (KO) the ST6GAL1 gene, we generated isogenic cells devoid of ST6GAL1-mediated α(2,6)-linked sialylation, allowing for a comprehensive investigation into its impact on DC function.
shed glycans	undetermined							diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans			16856265	Shed glycans as possible markers for ovarian cancer.
galectin-2	altered level			Galectin 2					colon carcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		human	colon carcinoma cells	Colonic Neoplasms	17999373	The immunocytochemical experiments revealed that galectin-2 was present in nuclei of murine 3T3 fibroblasts and also genetically engineered human colon carcinoma cells with stable ectopic expression.
phosphatidyl-inositol-glycan	loss of structure	FcRIII		Receptors, Fc					paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria			human	cultured monocytes	Monocytes|Cells, Cultured	2136896	Studies with glycosyl-phosphatidyl-inositol-specific phospholipase C and analysis of cells of patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria revealed that FcRIII on cultured monocytes is not anchored by phosphatidyl-inositol-glycan in the cell membrane.
carbohydrate moieties	altered level	Fc alpha R		Receptors, Fc				diagnostic	HIV-1 infection	HIV Infections|HIV-1		Humans	blood monocytes|neutrophils	Monocytes|Neutrophils	7755910	Fc alpha R molecules on patients' neutrophils have a higher apparent molecular mass (60-90 kD) with normal protein core, suggesting expression of receptors with altered carbohydrate moieties.
tandem repeat domain of the MUC-1 polypeptide	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1					Embryo Implantation	Embryo Implantation		Humans	endometrium	Endometrium	8106621	the tandem repeat domain of the MUC-1 polypeptide is glycosylated in endometrium.
HIV Envelope Protein gp120	altered level	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120				response	HIV-1 infection	HIV-1	soluble CD4 neutralization	Humans	Macrophages	Macrophages	8139010	We have examined the influence of the V1/V2 region of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120 on certain biologic properties of the virus.
glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor	unaltered level	Thy-1 glycoprotein		Thy-1 Antigens								Rats	Brain	Brain	2897081	We now report the structure of the GPI anchor of rat brain Thy-1 glycoprotein.
high mannose glycan	unaltered level	CD2		CD2 Antigens								Human			9070436	Residues close to the N-glycosylation site, and the first N-acetylglucosamine of the high mannose glycan are as rigid as the protein core.
STn antigen	increased level							response	tumor		vaccination	mice	tumor cells		21121644	The vaccination results on mice showed that some fluorine-containing modifications on the STn antigen can significantly increase the anti-STn IgG titers and improve the ratios of anti-STn IgG/IgM.
Lewis X antigen	undetermined											Humans	human milk	Milk, Human	39486911	This study presents a novel approach employing <sup>1</sup>H-<sup>15</sup>N NMR correlations to pinpoint and characterize HMOs, LNH, LNnH, and their fucosylated derivatives including those of bearing the Lewis X motif.
alpha-dystroglycan	decreased level	alpha-dystroglycan		Dystroglycans					limb-girdle muscular dystrophy	Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle		human	skeletal muscle	Muscle, Skeletal	19342235	Immunoblots revealed hypoglycosylation of alpha-dystroglycan and loss of laminin binding.
alpha-dystroglycan	decreased level	alpha-dystroglycan		Dystroglycans					Fukuyama congenital muscular dystrophy			human	skeletal muscle	Muscle, Skeletal	19342235	Mutations in the fukutin (FKTN) gene have primarily been identified among patients with classic Fukuyama congenital muscular dystrophy (FCMD), a severe form of dystroglycanopathy characterized by CMD, cobblestone lissencephaly and ocular defects.
asialylated oligosaccharides	increased level	LDL		Cholesterol, LDL				risk	coronary artery disease	Coronary Artery Disease		Humans	serum		11587128	Elevated concentrations of asialylated LDL (asialo-LDL) have been reported in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).
N-linked glycosylation	unaltered level								xenogeneic tumor			Chinese hamsters	tumor cells	CHO Cells	10528166	Ly-49D-dependent recognition of Chinese hamster cells was independent of target N-linked glycosylation.
O-linked carbohydrate	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	breast carcinomas	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	7505698	One such antibody, SM3, reacts with the mucin expressed by breast carcinomas but shows little or no reaction with normal resting or lactating breast.
sialic acid	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	breast carcinomas	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	7505698	The binding of HMFG-1 is particularly affected by sialic acid whereas the binding of HMFG2 is influenced by the length of the oligosaccharide side chains.
N-glycan	acquisition of structure	C-CAM1		Antigens, CD|CD66 antigens|Cell Adhesion Molecules				diagnostic	prostate cancer			Spodoptera	Sf9 cells	Spodoptera	11237697	This observation suggests that C-CAM1 was glycosylated on asparagine residues when expressed in Sf9 cells.
N-glycan	acquisition of structure	C-CAM1		Antigens, CD|CD66 antigens|Cell Adhesion Molecules				diagnostic	breast cancer			Spodoptera	Sf9 cells	Spodoptera	11237697	This observation suggests that C-CAM1 was glycosylated on asparagine residues when expressed in Sf9 cells.
N-glycan	acquisition of structure	C-CAM1		Antigens, CD|CD66 antigens|Cell Adhesion Molecules				diagnostic	colon carcinoma			Spodoptera	Sf9 cells	Spodoptera	11237697	This observation suggests that C-CAM1 was glycosylated on asparagine residues when expressed in Sf9 cells.
SHPS-1	decreased level	SHPS-1		Membrane Glycoproteins					hematological disorders			mouse	macrophages	Macrophages, Peritoneal	9712903	In part, this heterogeneity was due to differential glycosylation of SHPS-1.
Glycosylation	altered level								Cytomegalovirus	Cytomegalovirus		Humans	Cell Line	Cell Line	9087413	We describe here the first example, to our knowledge, of a viral strategy to evade immune surveillance by NK cells.
Glycosylation	undetermined								Respiratory Tract Infections	Respiratory Tract Infections		Mice	Respiratory System	Respiratory System	25894755	Nontypable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is a major cause of opportunistic respiratory tract disease, and initiates infection by colonizing the nasopharynx.
1-aminoglucosesuccinate	acquisition of structure	T cell antigen receptor		Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta				response	adjuvant-induced arthritis	Arthritis, Experimental		rat			16782215	In vivo, lipid conjugation retarded the progression of adjuvant-induced arthritis by approximately 50%, whereas the sugar conjugated CP, GS, almost completely inhibited the progression of arthritis.
Ig-gamma	undetermined	B29		Cd79b protein, mouse								mouse	B cells	B-Lymphocyte Subsets	8454858	The minor species is a phosphorylatable and underglycosylated form of full length Ig-beta, and the major species is a C-terminally truncated form of B29, which we now designate Ig-gamma.
N-acetylglucosamine with or without a branching fucose residue	unaltered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G					impaired IgG activity			human|mouse	IgG	Immunoglobulin G	26670049	However, this study reveals that a mono- or disaccharide structure consisting of one N-acetylglucosamine with or without a branching fucose residue is sufficient to retain the activity of the most active human and mouse IgG subclasses in vivo and further directs antibody activity to cellular Fcγ receptors.
GalNAc O-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1	polypeptide GalNAc-transferases							Nicotiana tabacum	Bright Yellow-2 suspension culture cells	Nicotiana|Plant Cells	22791304	Efficient GalNAc O-glycosylation of two stably coexpressed substrate O-glycoproteins was obtained, but a high degree of proline hydroxylation and hydroxyproline-linked arabinosides, on a mucin (MUC1)-derived substrate, was also observed.
GalNAc O-glycosylation	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1	polypeptide GalNAc-transferases							Arabidopsis thaliana	soil-grown Arabidopsis	Arabidopsis	22791304	Here, we have stably engineered O-glycosylation capacity in two plant cell systems, soil-grown Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) Bright Yellow-2 suspension culture cells.
bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) residues	acquisition of structure	anti-CD20 IgG1 antibody		Antibodies, Monoclonal|Antigens, CD20|Immunoglobulin G	beta1-4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnTIII)		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,4-mannosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase	response	CD20-positive target cells	Antigens, CD20		Chinese hamster	ovary (CHO) cell line	CHO Cells	11410853	High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed the enzyme to have added bisecting N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) residues in most (48% to 71%) of the N-linked oligosaccharides isolated from antibody preparations purified from the cell lines.
core-glycosylated	acquisition of structure	E2 protein		glycoprotein E2, Hepatitis C virus				response	Hepatitis C	Hepatitis C	vaccine	Guinea pigs	intracellular fraction		10888628	We show that truncated E2 proteins expressed in mammalian cells bind with high efficiency to human cells and elicit NOB antibodies in guinea pigs only when purified from the core-glycosylated intracellular fraction, whereas the complex-glycosylated secreted fraction does not bind and elicits no NOB antibodies.
complex-glycosylated	loss of structure	E2 protein		glycoprotein E2, Hepatitis C virus				response	Hepatitis C	Hepatitis C	vaccine	Guinea pigs	secreted fraction		10888628	We show that truncated E2 proteins expressed in mammalian cells bind with high efficiency to human cells and elicit NOB antibodies in guinea pigs only when purified from the core-glycosylated intracellular fraction, whereas the complex-glycosylated secreted fraction does not bind and elicits no NOB antibodies.
(Galbeta)Ser	increased level														10195448	The chromogenic substrates with hydrophilic sugar moiety increased their susceptibility to trypsin, tissue kallikrein and rat tonin.
(Glcalpha,beta)Tyr	increased level														10195448	The chromogenic substrates with hydrophilic sugar moiety increased their susceptibility to trypsin, tissue kallikrein and rat tonin.
(Gal3)Ser	increased level														10195448	For papain, the effect of sugar depends on its position in the substrate, namely, at P3 it is unfavorable, in contrast to the P2 position that resulted in increasing affinity, as demonstrated by the higher inhibitory activity of Ac-(Gal3)Ser-Arg-pNa in comparison to Ac-Ser-Arg-pNa, and by the hydrolysis of Ac-(Glcalpha,beta)Tyr-Arg-pNa.
(Glcalpha,beta)Tyr	increased level														10195448	For papain, the effect of sugar depends on its position in the substrate, namely, at P3 it is unfavorable, in contrast to the P2 position that resulted in increasing affinity, as demonstrated by the higher inhibitory activity of Ac-(Gal3)Ser-Arg-pNa in comparison to Ac-Ser-Arg-pNa, and by the hydrolysis of Ac-(Glcalpha,beta)Tyr-Arg-pNa.
(GIcNAcbeta)N	increased level	angiotensinogen		Angiotensinogen								Humans			10195448	The P'4 glycosylated peptide [Abz-F-H-L-V-I-H-(GIcNAcbeta)N-E-EDDnp], that corresponds to one of the natural glycosylation sites of angiotensinogen, was shown to be the only glycosylated substrate susceptible to human renin, and was hydrolysed with lower K(m) and higher k(cat) values than the same peptide without the sugar moiety.
fucoidan	altered level	H-2Dd		H-2 Antigens|Histocompatibility Antigen H-2D								mouse			9492005	In addition, it binds the polysaccharide fucoidan, consistent with its C-type lectin homology and the hypothesis that Ly-49A interacts with carbohydrates on Dd.
branched oligosaccharides	undetermined														8585606	Attempts have also been made to relate the electrophoretic mobility of branched oligosaccharides with their molecular volume.
Lewis X	unaltered level								sperm reservoir formation			porcine	oviductal epithelium	Epithelium	25339106	Previous results indicated that Lewis trisaccharides are present in glycosphingolipids and O- and N-linked glycans of the porcine isthmus and that Le(X)-containing molecules bind porcine sperm.
3-O-sulfated Lewis X	unaltered level								sperm reservoir formation			porcine	oviductal epithelium	Epithelium	25339106	Assays using fluoresceinated glycans showed that 3-O-sulfated Le(X) (suLe(X)) bound to receptors localized on the head of nearly 60% of uncapacitated boar sperm but that the positional isomer 3-O-sulfo-Le(A) (suLe(A)) bound to <5% of sperm.
galactose-specific glycans	altered level	Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase zeta|Tenascin-C|Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan NG2|Podocalyxin-like protein 1|CD90|CD44		Membrane Glycoproteins|Membrane Glycoproteins|Membrane Glycoproteins|Membrane Glycoproteins|Membrane Glycoproteins|Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic	glioblastoma	Glioblastoma		Humans	glioblastoma-derived stem-like cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	20235609	Lectin microarray analysis of cell surface glycans showed that two galactose-specific lectins Trichosanthes kirilowii agglutinin (TKA) and Peanut agglutinin (PNA) could distinguish the stem-like glioblastoma neurosphere culture from a traditional adherent glioblastoma cell line.
Neu5Acα2-3[6S]Galβ1-4GlcNAc	undetermined	fiber knob protein		hexon capsid protein, Adenovirus								Canine			22522600	It was found that the adenoviral protein preferentially recognizes the epitope Neu5Acα2-3[6S]Galβ1-4GlcNAc, a structure previously identified as the preferred ligand for Siglec-8 in humans and Siglec-F in mice.
O-glycans	altered level				T-synthase	C1GALT1C1	C1GALT1C1 protein, human		Tn positive phenotype			human	erythroblasts	Erythroblasts	18537974	These data show that alteration of O-glycan structures resulting from T-synthase deficiency is accompanied by altered expression of a wide variety of genes in erythroid cells.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	podoplanin							cancer			mouse	tumor cells	Cell Line, Tumor	32541028	Previously, we used the scFv fragment of antibody 237 as a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) to mediate recognition of mouse tumor cells that bear its cognate Tn-glycopeptide epitope in podoplanin, also called OTS8.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	MUC1							cancer			human	cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	32541028	Selection with a noncognate human antigen, Tn-MUC1, yielded scFv variants that were broadly reactive with multiple Tn-glycoproteins.
sialic acid	decreased level							diagnostic	aging	Aging		humans	erythrocyte membrane	Erythrocyte Membrane	22377734	Results show that sialic acid content decreases significantly (P< 0.001) in RBC membrane (r= -0.901) and increases in plasma (r=0.860) as a function of age in humans.
sialic acid	increased level							diagnostic	aging	Aging		humans	plasma		22377734	Results show that sialic acid content decreases significantly (P< 0.001) in RBC membrane (r= -0.901) and increases in plasma (r=0.860) as a function of age in humans.
high-mannose structures	unaltered level	CD154		CD40 Ligand					protective immunity			Pichia pastoris			11676606	Detailed carbohydrate analysis revealed high-mannose structures on sCD154 purified from Pichia pastoris, whereas CD154 purified from Chinese hamster ovary E1A contained heterogeneous populations of complex carbohydrates.
complex carbohydrates	unaltered level	CD154		CD40 Ligand					protective immunity			Chinese hamster ovary		CHO Cells	11676606	Detailed carbohydrate analysis revealed high-mannose structures on sCD154 purified from Pichia pastoris, whereas CD154 purified from Chinese hamster ovary E1A contained heterogeneous populations of complex carbohydrates.
sialoglycans	altered level	Fc			Endo-S2 D184M			response	cancer		antibody-drug conjugates	human	cancer cell	Cell Line, Tumor	34351736	We further demonstrated that the recently reported Endo-S2 D184 M mutant was highly efficient for Fc glycan remodeling with the selectively modified glycan oxazolines to introduce tags into an antibody, which required a significantly smaller amount of glycan oxazolines and a much shorter reaction time than that of the Endo-S D233Q-catalyzed reaction, thus minimizing the side reactions.
O-glycan	altered level	CST1		Biomarkers				diagnostic|predictive|risk	asthma	Asthma	corticosteroids	Humans	upper and lower airways	Respiratory System	36733482	GSEA indicated that CST1 was involved in the FcϵRI signaling pathway and O-glycan biosynthesis.
O-glycan	altered level	CST1		Biomarkers				diagnostic|predictive|risk	allergic rhinitis	Rhinitis, Allergic	corticosteroids	Humans	upper and lower airways	Respiratory System	36733482	GSEA indicated that CST1 was involved in the FcϵRI signaling pathway and O-glycan biosynthesis.
N-glycans	altered level	Transferrin		Transferrin	Mannosyltransferases	ALG3	Mannosyltransferases	diagnostic	Congenital disorder of glycosylation type Id	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		Humans	Serum		18679822	Serum transferrin screening for CDG should be extended to all patients with encephalopathy of unknown origin, even in the absence of multisystem involvement.
sialyl-Tn	increased level	CD44|MUC1		Hyaluronan Receptors|	ST6GALNAC1				bladder cancer	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	bladder cancer tissue	Urinary Bladder	24656965	In high grade bladder cancer tissue, the STn antigen is significantly overexpressed and correlated with the increased expression of ST6GALNAC1 sialyltransferase.
Tn (GalNAc alpha 1-->Ser/Thr)	unaltered level	glycoprotein from armadillo submandibular glands		Glycoproteins								Armadillo	submandibular glands		7588738	Of 27 glycoforms tested, Tn (GalNAc alpha 1-->Ser/Thr) glycoprotein from armadillo submandibular glands, and asialo porcine submandibular glycoprotein, which contains T, Tn and GalNAc alpha 1-->3Gal(A) sequences, completely precipitated the lectin added, and less than 1 microgram glycoprotein was required to precipitate 50% 4.7 micrograms lectin nitrogen.
T (Gal beta 1-->3-GalNAc alpha 1-->Ser/Thr)	unaltered level	asialo porcine submandibular glycoprotein		Glycoproteins								Porcine	submandibular glands		7588738	Of 27 glycoforms tested, Tn (GalNAc alpha 1-->Ser/Thr) glycoprotein from armadillo submandibular glands, and asialo porcine submandibular glycoprotein, which contains T, Tn and GalNAc alpha 1-->3Gal(A) sequences, completely precipitated the lectin added, and less than 1 microgram glycoprotein was required to precipitate 50% 4.7 micrograms lectin nitrogen.
Tn antigen	increased level			Tn antigen				predictive	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms	immune checkpoint blockade therapy or cellular immunotherapy targeting Tn antigen	Humans	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms	33260328	Our finding suggests that the immune cold subset of patients with Tn-strong dMMR CRC may be effectively treated with immune checkpoint blockade therapy or cellular immunotherapy targeting Tn antigen.
mucin O-glycan	decreased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				response	oral squamous cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|Mouth Neoplasms|Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck	Porphyromonas gingivalis treatment	Mice	tumor microenvironment	Tumor Microenvironment	37666495	The transcriptomics data demonstrated that P. gingivalis suppressed the biosynthesis of mucin O-glycan and other O-glycans, as well as the expression of chemokines.
other O-glycans	decreased level							response	oral squamous cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|Mouth Neoplasms|Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck	Porphyromonas gingivalis treatment	Mice	tumor microenvironment	Tumor Microenvironment	37666495	The transcriptomics data demonstrated that P. gingivalis suppressed the biosynthesis of mucin O-glycan and other O-glycans, as well as the expression of chemokines.
other glycan degradation	increased level	NEU1		NEU1 protein, human|Neuraminidase				prognostic|risk	proliferative lupus nephritis	Lupus Nephritis		Humans	kidney	Kidney	34872988	Neuraminidase 1 (NEU1), the most predominant protein in the pathway of other glycan degradation, was highly expressed in the kidney of patients with proliferative LN and could co-localise with podocyte, mesangial cells, endothelial cells and tubule cells.
N-glycan branching	altered level	GlycA		Glycoproteins				risk|predictive	microvascular complications			Humans	plasma		36757630	Higher plasma GlycA is associated with an increased risk of developing microvascular complications in T2D patients.
N-glycan branching	altered level	GlycA		Glycoproteins				risk|predictive	type 2 diabetes	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	plasma		36757630	GlycA, a pro-inflammatory glycoprotein biomarker, associates with newly developed type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Lewisx antigen	acquisition of structure				alpha1,3/1,4fucosyltransferase (Fuc-TIII)		galactoside 3-fucosyltransferase		Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental	Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental		Mouse	C127 cells		9884410	Results indicate that Fuc-TIII expressed in C127 cells synthesizes masked Lewisxantigen while Lewisxantigen is not detectable.
Lewisy antigen	acquisition of structure				H type alpha1, 2fucosyltransferase				Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental	Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental		Mouse	C127-T cells		9884410	Moreover, transient transfection of H type alpha1, 2fucosyltransferase in clone C127-T-FT directs synthesis of Lewisyantigen, as detected by flow cytometry.
glycan structures	undetermined	Langerin		CD207 protein, human					host defense against viruses such as HIV and influenza as well as bacteria and fungi				innate immune cells		27560542	Herein, we studied the carbohydrate recognition domain of Langerin, a C-type lectin receptor involved in the host defense against viruses such as HIV and influenza as well as bacteria and fungi.
truncated O-glycans	increased level				Core 1 synthase specific molecular chaperone (COSMC)		C1GALT1C1 protein, human	prognostic	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	pancreatic cancer cells		31389667	Aberrant expression of Sialyl-Tn (STn) antigen correlates with poor prognosis and reduced patient survival.
Sialyl-Tn (STn) antigen	increased level				Core 1 synthase specific molecular chaperone (COSMC)		C1GALT1C1 protein, human	prognostic	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	pancreatic cancer cells		31389667	Aberrant expression of Sialyl-Tn (STn) antigen correlates with poor prognosis and reduced patient survival.
Tn antigen	increased level				Core 1 synthase specific molecular chaperone (COSMC)		C1GALT1C1 protein, human	prognostic	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	pancreatic cancer cells		31389667	We demonstrated that expression of Tn and STn in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is due to hypermethylation of Core 1 synthase specific molecular chaperone (COSMC) and enhanced the malignant properties of PDAC cells with an unknown mechanism.
Concanavalin A-non-reactive fraction of serum transferrin	decreased level	transferrin		Transferrin	N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase III		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases	diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular	transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and/or percutaneous ethanol infection therapy	Humans	serum		9715405	The Con A-non-reactive fraction (n = 21; 6.4 +/- 2.3%) in patients with HCC after treatment was significantly lower than before (8.2 +/- 2.4%).
Tn antigen	undetermined	CD43		Leukosialin											12175243	In this study, a series of molecules prepared by total synthesis were examined, consisting of the peptide itself, three glycopeptides having clustered sites of alpha-O-glycosylation on the serine and threonine side chains with the Tn, TF, and STF carbohydrate antigens, respectively, and one with the beta-O-linked TF antigen.
TF antigen	undetermined	CD43		Leukosialin											12175243	In this study, a series of molecules prepared by total synthesis were examined, consisting of the peptide itself, three glycopeptides having clustered sites of alpha-O-glycosylation on the serine and threonine side chains with the Tn, TF, and STF carbohydrate antigens, respectively, and one with the beta-O-linked TF antigen.
STF antigen	undetermined	CD43		Leukosialin											12175243	In this study, a series of molecules prepared by total synthesis were examined, consisting of the peptide itself, three glycopeptides having clustered sites of alpha-O-glycosylation on the serine and threonine side chains with the Tn, TF, and STF carbohydrate antigens, respectively, and one with the beta-O-linked TF antigen.
TF antigen	undetermined	CD43		Leukosialin											12175243	In this study, a series of molecules prepared by total synthesis were examined, consisting of the peptide itself, three glycopeptides having clustered sites of alpha-O-glycosylation on the serine and threonine side chains with the Tn, TF, and STF carbohydrate antigens, respectively, and one with the beta-O-linked TF antigen.
Le(y) epitope	undetermined	CD43		Leukosialin											12175243	Additionally, a glycopeptide having the sequence SSSAVAV, triglycosylated with the Le(y) epitope, was investigated.
core fucose	loss of structure							diagnostic	cancer	Biomarkers, Tumor		mouse	embryonic fibroblasts	Mice|Cells, Cultured	27447047	Fucose, a terminal sugar in glycoconjugates, critically regulates various physiological and pathological phenomena, including cancer development and inflammation.
core fucose	loss of structure							diagnostic	inflammation			mouse	embryonic fibroblasts	Mice|Cells, Cultured	27447047	Fucose, a terminal sugar in glycoconjugates, critically regulates various physiological and pathological phenomena, including cancer development and inflammation.
sialic acid	altered level				ST6Gal I		ST6GAL1 protein, human|beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase		cancers			Humans	cell surface glycoproteins and glycolipids	Humans	32971290	Sialic acid residues found as terminal monosaccharides in various types of glycan chains in cell surface glycoproteins and glycolipids have been identified as important contributors of cell-cell interactions in normal vs. abnormal cellular behavior and are pivotal in diseases such as cancers.
alpha(1-2)fucosylated glycans	loss of structure	Cervical mucins		Mucins	alpha(1,2)fucosyltransferase	Fut2	Fucosyltransferases|Galactoside 2-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase	risk	experimental vaginal candidiasis	Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal	Hysterectomy	mouse	vaginal epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	19326211	Vaginal epithelial cells from Fut2-null mice were found to bind increased numbers of C. albicans compared to vaginal epithelial cells obtained from wild type mice.
alpha(1-2)fucosylated glycans	acquisition of structure	Cervical mucins		Mucins	alpha(1,2)fucosyltransferase	Fut2	Fucosyltransferases|Galactoside 2-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase	risk	experimental vaginal candidiasis	Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal	Hysterectomy	mouse	vaginal epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	19326211	Vaginal epithelial cells from Fut2-null mice were found to bind increased numbers of C. albicans compared to vaginal epithelial cells obtained from wild type mice.
glycopeptides	undetermined	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen								Humans		Humans	20863076	Finally, we show that the glycopeptides derived from as little as 1 ng of prostate specific antigen can be detected by this method.
Tn antigen	increased level							response	cancer	Neoplasms	anticancer vaccine	human	leukemia cells		23505965	Furthermore, Qβ elicited much higher levels of IgG antibodies than other types of virus-like particles, and the IgG antibodies produced reacted strongly with the native Tn antigens on human leukemia cells.
α2,6-linked sialic acid	decreased level	CD45		Leukocyte Common Antigens	ST6Gal1		Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human	response	anaplastic large cell lymphoma	Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic		human	H-ALCL cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	24589677	On resialylation assay by recombinant ST6Gal1 with CMP-Neu5Ac, α2,6-resialylation of L-PHA reactive oligosaccharide by ST6Gal1 resulted in inhibition of H-ALCL cell adhesion to galectin-1 compared to the desialylated H-ALCL cells.
N-glycans	altered level	CD45		Leukocyte Common Antigens				response	anaplastic large cell lymphoma	Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic		human	H-ALCL cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	24589677	In conclusion, cell adhesion and invasion to galectin-1 appeared to be regulated by cell surface sialylation and N-glycosylation, and galectin-1 regulates cell death through inhibition of CD45 PTP activity of H-ALCL.
stage-specific embryonic antigen-4	increased level			Stage-Specific Embryonic Antigens|stage-specific embryonic antigen-4				diagnostic|predictive	glioblastoma multiforme	Glioblastoma	therapeutic antibodies and vaccines	Humans	brain		24550271	Analysis of several glycan antigens on GBM cell lines revealed that eight of 11 GBM cell lines are positive for stage-specific embryonic antigen-4 (SSEA-4), and immunohistochemical staining confirmed that 38/55 (69%) of human GBM specimens, but not normal brain tissue, were SSEA-4(+) and correlated with high-grade astrocytoma.
blood group A trisaccharide	unaltered level							predictive	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms	PROSTVAC-VF therapy	Humans	serum		28771597	Using a glycan microarray assay, we recently reported that pretreatment serum levels of IgM specific to blood group A trisaccharide (BG-Atri) correlate positively with overall survival of cancer patients on PROSTVAC-VF therapy.
glycan ligand	unaltered level	CD33		CD33 protein, human					Alzheimer's disease			Human	microglia	Microglia	33766097	Moreover, this newly discovered gain-of-function role for hCD33m is dependent on its cytoplasmic signaling motifs, dominant over hCD33M, and not due to loss of glycan ligand binding.
α2,6-sialylated N-glycans	increased level				ST6GAL1	St6gal1	ST6GAL1 protein, human	prognostic	carcinomas			human	GE11 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	25344606	Increased expression of ST6GAL1 has been reported in diverse carcinomas and highly correlates with tumor progression.
α2,6-sialylated N-glycans	increased level				ST6GAL1	St6gal1	ST6GAL1 protein, human	prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	MDA-MB-231 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	25344606	The basal mesenchymal phenotype of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells was partially reversed by ST6GAL1 silencing.
Sig8L	unaltered level	Siglec-8		SIGLEC8 protein, human				safety	anaphylaxis	Anaphylaxis		mouse	mast cells	Mast Cells	33911007	In mouse models of anaphylaxis, display of Sig8L on antigenic liposomes completely suppresses IgE-mediated anaphylaxis in transgenic mice with mast cells expressing Siglec-8 but has no protection in mice that do not express Siglec-8.
fucosylated core 1 O-glycan	increased level	CD166		ALCAM protein, human				diagnostic|response	uterine endometrial cancer	Endometrial Neoplasms		human	HEC9 cells		23035753	Two glycoproteins, 97 and 137 kDa, with a strong reactivity to HMMC-1 were purified, and the 97-kDa glycoprotein was identified as CD166, an immunoglobulin superfamily cell adhesion molecule assumed to be involved in cancer metastasis.
fucosylated core 1 O-glycan	decreased level	CD166		ALCAM protein, human				response	uterine endometrial cancer	Endometrial Neoplasms	HMMC-1 treatment	human	HEC9 cells		23035753	CD166 gene-silencing dramatically reduced HMMC-1 epitope expression and growth in HEC9 cells, indicating that CD166 is the primary glycoprotein presenting the HMMC-1 epitope in HEC9 cells.
N-glycan	decreased level	CD45		Antigens, CD|Leukocyte Common Antigens					T-cell leukemia			Human	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	7501023	Galectin-1 induced apoptosis of activated human T cells and human T leukaemia cell lines.
O-glycan	increased level	CD45		Antigens, CD|Leukocyte Common Antigens					T-cell leukemia			Human	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	7501023	whereas inhibition of O-glycan elongation potentiated the apoptotic effect of galectin-1.
fucosylated forms of ORM	increased level	orosomucoid		Orosomucoid				monitoring	viral hepatitis	Viral hepatitis		humans	serum		34963738	In viral hepatitis, increases in both ORM and its fucosylated forms and the correlation of these increases with fibrosis progression suggest that this glycoprotein can be used with other markers as a noninvasive method in the follow-up assessment of diseases.
asialylated form of ORM (AsAGP)	increased level	orosomucoid		Orosomucoid				monitoring	chronic liver disease			humans	serum		34963738	In addition, similar findings regarding the level of the asialylated form of ORM, called asialo-AGP (AsAGP), have been reported in a follow-up assessment of fibrosis in chronic liver disease.
trifucosylated tetra-antennary glycan of ORM	increased level	orosomucoid		Orosomucoid				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		humans	serum		34963738	For monitoring patients with AFP-negative HCC, a unique trifucosylated tetra-antennary glycan of ORM may also be used as a new potential marker.
glycans	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G											9649788	Remodelling glycans on IgG by genetic re-engineering.
glycan metabolism	decreased level								Zinc imbalance			C57BL/6 mice	intestinal microbiome	Gastrointestinal Microbiome	34730437	Moreover, pathways including carbohydrate, glycan, and nucleotide metabolism were decreased by a short-term low-Zn diet.
glycan biosynthesis and metabolism	increased level							diagnostic	Leishmania major infection	Leishmania major		Mice	gut microbiome	Gastrointestinal Microbiome	38240984	Genes related to xenobiotic biodegradation and metabolism and amino acid metabolism were primarily enriched in the small intestine microbiome of resistant strains, while genes associated with carbohydrate metabolism and glycan biosynthesis and metabolism were most abundant in the gut microbiome of the infected susceptible mice.
cell surface glycans	undetermined	CD4 Antigens|CD8 Antigens		CD4 Antigens|CD8 Antigens					apoptosis	Apoptosis	thiodigalactoside|lactose	mouse	thymocytes		17893094	In spite of their binding to all cell populations, addition of either isoform of galectin-8 to thymocyte cultures induced apoptosis only of the CD4(high)CD8(high) cells through caspases pathway activation.
Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen	increased level	IgA						diagnostic	breast carcinoma	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	serum		30105268	An increased sialylation of IgG and IgM, but a lower SNA reactivity of IgA TF antibodies, and a higher level and avidity of the TF-specific IgA were found in cancer patients.
Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen	increased ratio	IgG/IgA						diagnostic	breast carcinoma	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	serum		30105268	Other cancer-related signatures were the highly significant increase of the IgG/IgA ratio and the very low SNA/IgA index in cancer, including patients with an early stage of the disease.
glycan	unaltered level	Env		env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus					HIV-1 infection	HIV-1		Humans	Cell Membrane	Cell Membrane	22733823	Despite its lectin-like properties, HNP-1 could bind to Env, CD4, and other host proteins in a glycan- and serum-independent manner, whereas the fusion inhibitory activity was greatly attenuated in the presence of human or bovine serum.
core 1 O-glycan	increased level	Mucin 1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1	C1GALT1		C1GALT1 protein, human		breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	25762620	Core 1 β1,3-galactosyltransferase (C1GALT1) is an exclusive enzyme in humans that catalyzes the biosynthesis of core 1 O-glycan structure, Gal-GalNAc-O-Ser/Thr, whose expression is commonly up-regulated during tumorigenesis.
HNK-1	unaltered level	myelin-associated glycoprotein						diagnostic	IgM monoclonal gammopathy			Humans	sera		28403522	In this study we focused our attention on the trisaccharide human natural killer cell-1 (HNK-1), considered the antigenic determinant of myelin-associated glycoprotein and the target of clinically relevant auto-antibodies in autoimmune neurological disorders such as IgM monoclonal gammopathy and demyelinating polyneuropathy.
HNK-1	unaltered level	myelin-associated glycoprotein						diagnostic	demyelinating polyneuropathy			Humans	sera		28403522	In this study we focused our attention on the trisaccharide human natural killer cell-1 (HNK-1), considered the antigenic determinant of myelin-associated glycoprotein and the target of clinically relevant auto-antibodies in autoimmune neurological disorders such as IgM monoclonal gammopathy and demyelinating polyneuropathy.
mucin type-O-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	Down syndrome	Down Syndrome		Humans	maternal plasma		25478570	Gene targets of the differentially expressed miRNAs were enriched in signaling pathways such as mucin type-O-glycans, ECM-receptor interactions, TGF-beta, and endocytosis, which have been previously associated with DS.
N-glycan	altered level	N-glycoprotein		Neoplasm Proteins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	plasma	Plasma	24434586	We previously found that nonglycosylated tryptic peptides adjacent to N-glycosylation sites differed in concentration between normal and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) plasma due to differences in steric hindrance of the glycan moiety in N-glycoproteins to tryptic digestion (Lee et al., 2011).
glycan P63	undetermined	Immunoglobulin M		Immunoglobulin M				predictive|risk	clinically definite multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis		Humans	serum		23555846	IgM against glycan P63 was identified in clinically isolated syndromes (CIS) and included in gMS-Classifier2, an algorithm designed with the aim of identifying patients at risk of a second demyelinating attack.
MUC1	unaltered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					normal development of IBDs			human	fetal liver	Liver	23573304	The author identified that MUC1 was present in ductal plate (DP), remodeling DP, remodeled DP, and mature IBD in human fetal livers.
MUC5AC	unaltered level	MUC5AC		MUC5AC protein, human|Mucin 5AC					normal development of IBDs			human	fetal liver	Liver	23573304	MUC5AC and MUC6 were present only in the DP.
MUC6	unaltered level	MUC6		MUC6 protein, human|Mucin-6					normal development of IBDs			human	fetal liver	Liver	23573304	MUC5AC and MUC6 were present only in the DP.
aspartylglycosamine	increased level				Peptide:N-glycanase		Peptide-N4-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl) Asparagine Amidase	diagnostic	NGLY1-CDDG	Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation		Humans	dried blood spots	Dried Blood Spot Testing	31311714	We identified aspartylglycosamine as the only significantly increased compound with a median Z-score of 4.8 (range: 3.8-8.5) in DBS of NGLY1-CDDG patients, compared to a median Z-score of -0.1 (range: -2.1-4.0) in DBS of healthy controls and patients with other diseases.
Tn antigen	unaltered level							diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms	photodynamic therapy	Humans	Jurkat lymphoid leukemia cells	Jurkat Cells	21143236	Firstly, using fluorescein-labeled MorG, the sugar-dependent binding and uptake of lectin by Tn-positive (Jurkat lymphoid leukemia) cells was demonstrated.
CA199	increased level			carbohydrate antigen 199, human				diagnostic|prognostic	pancreatic cancer			human	serum		30905455	The increased serum CA199 levels measured by using the monoclonal antibodies have been used as diagnostic or prognostic biomarker for pancreatic cancer.
CA199	increased level			carbohydrate antigen 199, human					lung fibrosis			human	serum		30905455	Based on the median, mean, and -Log10p values, we found that patients with pancreatic cancer, lung fibrosis, cirrhosis, liver cancer, hepatitis, and pancreatitis had the highest media and mean serum CA199 levels with statistical significance based on the -Log10p values.
CA199	increased level			carbohydrate antigen 199, human					cirrhosis			human	serum		30905455	Based on the median, mean, and -Log10p values, we found that patients with pancreatic cancer, lung fibrosis, cirrhosis, liver cancer, hepatitis, and pancreatitis had the highest media and mean serum CA199 levels with statistical significance based on the -Log10p values.
CA199	increased level			carbohydrate antigen 199, human					liver cancer			human	serum		30905455	Based on the median, mean, and -Log10p values, we found that patients with pancreatic cancer, lung fibrosis, cirrhosis, liver cancer, hepatitis, and pancreatitis had the highest media and mean serum CA199 levels with statistical significance based on the -Log10p values.
CA199	increased level			carbohydrate antigen 199, human					hepatitis			human	serum		30905455	Based on the median, mean, and -Log10p values, we found that patients with pancreatic cancer, lung fibrosis, cirrhosis, liver cancer, hepatitis, and pancreatitis had the highest media and mean serum CA199 levels with statistical significance based on the -Log10p values.
CA199	increased level			carbohydrate antigen 199, human					pancreatitis			human	serum		30905455	Based on the median, mean, and -Log10p values, we found that patients with pancreatic cancer, lung fibrosis, cirrhosis, liver cancer, hepatitis, and pancreatitis had the highest media and mean serum CA199 levels with statistical significance based on the -Log10p values.
CA199	decreased level			carbohydrate antigen 199, human					gout			human	serum		30905455	Unexpectedly, patients suffering from gout and anemia had significantly low CA199 levels compared to that of the healthy controls.
CA199	decreased level			carbohydrate antigen 199, human					anemia			human	serum		30905455	Unexpectedly, patients suffering from gout and anemia had significantly low CA199 levels compared to that of the healthy controls.
PI-glycan anchoring structure	altered level	PI-anchored proteins		Glycosylphosphatidylinositols	PI-specific phospholipase C		Phosphoinositide Phospholipase C|Phosphatidylinositol Diacylglycerol-Lyase		T cell activation			Mice	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	1967276	Activation of T cells led to a marked decrease in the ability of PI-PLC to remove PI-anchored surface proteins from the activated T cells.
Lewis X	undetermined														1381282	Synthesis of 1-deoxynojirimycin-containing glycans related to the Lewis X and sialyl-Lewis X epitopes recognized by LEC-CAMs.
sialyl-Lewis X	undetermined														1381282	Synthesis of 1-deoxynojirimycin-containing glycans related to the Lewis X and sialyl-Lewis X epitopes recognized by LEC-CAMs.
N-glycan	altered level				Glucosamine 6-phosphate N-acetyltransferase	GNPNAT1	Glucosamine 6-Phosphate N-Acetyltransferase	diagnostic|prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	immunotherapy	Humans	breast tissue	Breast	37215111	Functional enrichment analyses indicated that the enriched pathways in high GNPNAT1 expression group included citrate cycle, N-glycan biosynthesis, DNA repair, and basal transcription factors.
underglycosylated MUC1	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1					pancreatic adenocarcinomas	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	pancreas		10975866	In humans, 90% of pancreatic adenocarcinomas overexpress altered forms of a tumor-specific Ag, mucin 1 (MUC1; an epithelial mucin glycoprotein), which is a potential target for immunotherapy.
underglycosylated MUC1	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1					acinar cell carcinomas	Carcinoma, Acinar Cell		mouse	pancreas		10975866	These mice exhibit acinar cell dysplasia at birth, which progresses to microadenomas and acinar cell carcinomas.
SARS-CoV-2 spike glycans	acquisition of structure	Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus		Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus|spike protein, SARS-CoV-2				risk	Covid-19 infection	COVID-19		Humans	CD33 myeloid derived suppressor cells	Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic	33254494	Immunosuppressive CD33 MDSC populations are increased in all groups at risk of severe Covid-19 infection.
SARS-CoV-2 spike glycans	acquisition of structure	Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus		Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus|spike protein, SARS-CoV-2				risk	Alzheimer's disease			Humans	CD33 myeloid derived suppressor cells	Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic	33254494	CD33 expression is increased in persons with the CD33 rs3865444 CC allele, associated with Alzheimer's disease, who would thus show enhanced susceptibility.
glycan	decreased level							diagnostic	Marfan syndrome	Marfan Syndrome		mouse	dermis	Skin	27956365	Interestingly, results obtained from GT8 dermis and skin models showed similar alterations in molecular signatures triggered by fibrillin-1 deficiency such as amide III vibrations and decreased levels of glycan vibrations.
GlycA	increased level							diagnostic|predictive	coronary artery disease	Cardiovascular Diseases		Humans	serum		27811210	GlycA was associated with presence [odds ratio (OR) 1.07 (1.02-1.13), P = 0.01] and extent [OR 1.08 (1.03, 1.12) P < 0.0005] of coronary artery disease and with all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 1.34 (1.29-1.39), P < 0.0001], cardiovascular mortality [1.37 (1.30-1.45), P < 0.0001] and noncardiovascular mortality [1.46 (1.39-1.54) P < 0.0001] in models adjusted for 10 cardiovascular risk factors.
GlycA	increased level							predictive	all-cause mortality			Humans	serum		27811210	GlycA was associated with presence [odds ratio (OR) 1.07 (1.02-1.13), P = 0.01] and extent [OR 1.08 (1.03, 1.12) P < 0.0005] of coronary artery disease and with all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 1.34 (1.29-1.39), P < 0.0001], cardiovascular mortality [1.37 (1.30-1.45), P < 0.0001] and noncardiovascular mortality [1.46 (1.39-1.54) P < 0.0001] in models adjusted for 10 cardiovascular risk factors.
GlycA	increased level							predictive	cardiovascular mortality	Cardiovascular Diseases		Humans	serum		27811210	GlycA was associated with presence [odds ratio (OR) 1.07 (1.02-1.13), P = 0.01] and extent [OR 1.08 (1.03, 1.12) P < 0.0005] of coronary artery disease and with all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 1.34 (1.29-1.39), P < 0.0001], cardiovascular mortality [1.37 (1.30-1.45), P < 0.0001] and noncardiovascular mortality [1.46 (1.39-1.54) P < 0.0001] in models adjusted for 10 cardiovascular risk factors.
GlycA	increased level							predictive	noncardiovascular mortality			Humans	serum		27811210	GlycA was associated with presence [odds ratio (OR) 1.07 (1.02-1.13), P = 0.01] and extent [OR 1.08 (1.03, 1.12) P < 0.0005] of coronary artery disease and with all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 1.34 (1.29-1.39), P < 0.0001], cardiovascular mortality [1.37 (1.30-1.45), P < 0.0001] and noncardiovascular mortality [1.46 (1.39-1.54) P < 0.0001] in models adjusted for 10 cardiovascular risk factors.
Lacto-N-fucopentaose III	increased level							monitoring	alternative activation of macrophages			mouse	peritoneal macrophages	Macrophages, Peritoneal	18373667	To examine this question we utilized the immunomodulatory glycan Lacto-N-fucopentaose III (LNFPIII), which contains the Lewis X (LeX) trisaccharide, to activate murine peritoneal macrophages in vivo.
Gal(beta1-O)Thr	undetermined	asialofetuin		Asialoglycoproteins|Fetuins|alpha-Fetoproteins|asialofetuin								Humans			18471425	Focusing on the adhesion/growth regulatory human galectins 1 and 3, a screening of three combinatorial solid-phase (glyco)peptide libraries, containing Gal(beta1-O)Thr, Gal(beta1-S)Cys/Gal(beta1-N)Asn, and Lac(beta1-O)Thr, with the fluorescently labeled lectins had led to a series of lead compounds.
Gal(beta1-S)Cys	undetermined	asialofetuin		Asialoglycoproteins|Fetuins|alpha-Fetoproteins|asialofetuin								Humans			18471425	Focusing on the adhesion/growth regulatory human galectins 1 and 3, a screening of three combinatorial solid-phase (glyco)peptide libraries, containing Gal(beta1-O)Thr, Gal(beta1-S)Cys/Gal(beta1-N)Asn, and Lac(beta1-O)Thr, with the fluorescently labeled lectins had led to a series of lead compounds.
Gal(beta1-N)Asn	undetermined	asialofetuin		Asialoglycoproteins|Fetuins|alpha-Fetoproteins|asialofetuin								Humans			18471425	Focusing on the adhesion/growth regulatory human galectins 1 and 3, a screening of three combinatorial solid-phase (glyco)peptide libraries, containing Gal(beta1-O)Thr, Gal(beta1-S)Cys/Gal(beta1-N)Asn, and Lac(beta1-O)Thr, with the fluorescently labeled lectins had led to a series of lead compounds.
Lac(beta1-O)Thr	undetermined	asialofetuin		Asialoglycoproteins|Fetuins|alpha-Fetoproteins|asialofetuin								Humans			18471425	Focusing on the adhesion/growth regulatory human galectins 1 and 3, a screening of three combinatorial solid-phase (glyco)peptide libraries, containing Gal(beta1-O)Thr, Gal(beta1-S)Cys/Gal(beta1-N)Asn, and Lac(beta1-O)Thr, with the fluorescently labeled lectins had led to a series of lead compounds.
lactose-binding sites	increased level							prognostic	Dukes B colorectal cancer	Colonic Neoplasms	adjuvant therapy	Humans	peritumoral connective tissue		15254722	Strong expression of lactose-binding sites in the peritumoral connective tissue especially in terms of the labeling index was significantly correlated with reduced survival in Dukes B patients (p=0.02).
Sialyl-Lewis(x)	loss of structure	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1		P-selectin ligand protein	C2GnT1|ST3Gal I|ST6GalNAc II		Glycosyltransferases|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase|Sialyltransferases		differentiation and maturation of dendritic cells	Cell Differentiation|Dendritic Cells		human	monocyte-derived dendritic cells	Dendritic Cells	17947642	Sialyl-Lewis(x) (sLe(x)), a glycan involved in extravasation via selectin binding, was found to be expressed exclusively on P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 in monocytes and immature DC.
Sialyl-Lewis(x)	loss of structure	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1		P-selectin ligand protein	C2GnT1|ST3Gal I|ST6GalNAc II		Glycosyltransferases|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase|Sialyltransferases		migration of dendritic cells	Cell Movement|Dendritic Cells		human	monocyte-derived dendritic cells	Dendritic Cells	17947642	Our data show that the regulation of O-glycosylation controls sLe(x) expression, and also suggest that O-glycans may have a function in DC migration.
bi-, tri-, and tetra-antennary complex type sugar chains	acquisition of structure	asialoorosomucoid		asialoorosomucoid	GlcAT-P		galactosylgalactoylxylosylprotein 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase|Glucuronosyltransferase					Rats	Brain	Brain	11511812	The acceptor specificity of a rat brain glucuronyltransferase, GlcAT-P, associated with biosynthesis of the HNK-1 epitope on glycoproteins, was investigated using asialoorosomucoid as a model acceptor substrate.
sialo-N-glycans	decreased level	alpha 1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid								Human			7545902	Human alpha 1-acid glycoprotein reacted strongly with ML-I, precipitating over 82% of the lectin nitrogen tested, while the precipitability of its asialo product decreased by 30%.
sialo-N-glycans	decreased level	fetuin										Human			7545902	Native fetuin precipitated 50% of the ML-I added, and its reactivity was reduced by 20% after desialylation.
sialo-N-glycans	increased level	rat sublingual sialoglycoprotein										Rat			7545902	On the contrary, the poor reactivity of rat sublingual sialoglycoprotein with ML-I increased substantially after removal of sialic acid and completely precipitated the lectin added.
sialo-O-glycans	increased level	rat sublingual glycoproteins|bovine submandibular glycoproteins										Rat|Bovine			7545902	However, sialic acid of some O-glycans also acts as masking molecule as the precipitability of rat sublingual and bovine submandibular glycoproteins with ML-I increased after desialylation.
STn glycoform	acquisition of structure	CD44		Glycoproteins				diagnostic|prognostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	gastric cancer tissue	Stomach Neoplasms	25813380	Two identified candidate O-glycoprotein biomarkers (CD44 and GalNAc-T5) circulating with the STn glycoform were further validated as being expressed in gastric cancer tissue.
STn glycoform	acquisition of structure	GalNAc-T5		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases				diagnostic|prognostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	gastric cancer tissue	Stomach Neoplasms	25813380	Two identified candidate O-glycoprotein biomarkers (CD44 and GalNAc-T5) circulating with the STn glycoform were further validated as being expressed in gastric cancer tissue.
glycosylation	altered level	surface (SU) domain of Env		Gene Products, env					Simian Immunodeficiency Virus	Simian Immunodeficiency Virus		Macaca mulatta	CD4+ Th cells	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes	11937557	Moreover, the data suggest that extensive glycosylation of SU may provide yet another immune escape mechanism developed by lentiviruses to restrict the breadth of Th repertoire to SU, a major immunologically exposed protein of the virus.
sialylated MUC4β	increased level	MUC4β		MUC4 protein, human|Mucin-4	ST6GAL1		ST6GAL1 protein, human		asthma	Asthma		human	airway specimens	Lung	30730306	Levels of a sialylated MUC4β isoform were found to be increased in airway specimens from asthmatic patients in association with T2 inflammation.
sialylated MUC4β	increased level	MUC4β		MUC4 protein, human|Mucin-4	ST6GAL1		ST6GAL1 protein, human		T2-high asthma			human	sputum supernatant and/or fresh isolated HAECs	Epithelial Cells	30730306	These in vivo and in vitro data provide strong evidence for a critical role for ST6GAL1-induced sialylation of MUC4β in epithelial dysfunction associated with T2-high asthma, thereby identifying specific sialylation pathways as potential targets in asthma.
Lewis x	acquisition of structure				alpha (1,3)fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases|galactoside 3-fucosyltransferase					Humans	human milk	Humans	7881171	Radiolabelled lacto-N-neohexaose was fucosylated with partially purified alpha (1,3)fucosyltransferase(s) from human milk.
Lewis x	acquisition of structure				alpha (1,3)fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases|galactoside 3-fucosyltransferase					Humans	human milk	Humans	7881171	Structural analysis of the monofucosylated products obtained at an early stage of the reaction revealed that both distal branches of the acceptor had reacted equally well, generating Lewis x determinants, while the reducing end glucose had not reacted.
Lewis x	acquisition of structure				alpha (1,3)fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases|galactoside 3-fucosyltransferase					Humans	human milk	Humans	7881171	The fucosylation mixture of lacto-N-neohexaose also contained a difucosylderivative that carried Lewis x determinants at both distal branches.
Lewis X	altered level								Schistosoma mansoni infection	Schistosoma mansoni		Schistosoma mansoni	cercariae		11425800	The glycobiology of Schistosoma mansoni is dominated by developmentally regulated expression of various fucosylated structures, most notably the Lewis X epitope and a multifucosylated sequence, Fuc alpha1-->2Fuc alpha1-->, in its various forms.
multifucosylated sequence, Fuc alpha1-->2Fuc alpha1-->	altered level								Schistosoma mansoni infection	Schistosoma mansoni		Schistosoma mansoni	cercariae		11425800	The glycobiology of Schistosoma mansoni is dominated by developmentally regulated expression of various fucosylated structures, most notably the Lewis X epitope and a multifucosylated sequence, Fuc alpha1-->2Fuc alpha1-->, in its various forms.
multi-antennary sialylated N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) structures	increased level	UMOD		Uromodulin				diagnostic|monitoring	bladder cancer	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	urine		35853560	Primary BCa patients had higher levels of LIP-bound Neu5Gc in urine than healthy participants and patients receiving postoperative treatment did.
Neu5Gc-modified N-glycochains	increased level	UMOD		Uromodulin	sialyltransferases		Sialyltransferases	diagnostic|monitoring	bladder cancer	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	urine		35853560	Neu5Gc-modified UMOD glycoproteins in urine and Neu5Gc-modified N-glycochains and sialyltransferases may function as potential markers in clinical trials.
glycophosphatidylinositol	loss of structure								paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria	Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal	allogeneic CD34-enriched peripheral blood stem cell transplantation	human	peripheral blood	Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation	12953138	No glycophosphatidylinositol-deficient cells in peripheral blood could be detected by flow cytometry 40 and 100 days after transplant.
fucosylated haptoglobin	increased level	haptoglobin		HP protein, human|Haptoglobins				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	serum		30189188	For Hpt2-1 and Hpt2-2, we observed significantly increased serum Fuc-Hpt levels in patients with pancreatic cancer.
fucosylated haptoglobin	decreased level	haptoglobin		HP protein, human|Haptoglobins								human	serum		30189188	Interestingly, we found that serum Fuc-Hpt levels were dramatically lower in the Hpt1-1 phenotype for both types of ELISA.
phosphatidylinositol glycan	undetermined	Fc gamma RIII (CD16)		Antigens, CD									Granulocyte|natural killer (NK) cell	Granulocytes|Killer Cells, Natural	2531918	Granulocyte and natural killer (NK) cell Fc receptors for immunoglobulin G (CD16) differ in only a few amino acids, yet have phosphatidylinositol glycan (PIG) or polypeptide membrane anchors, respectively.
N-glycan	altered level							diagnostic|predictive	antibody-mediated rejection	Graft Rejection	kidney transplant	Humans	serum		28786963	We determined if the serum N-glycan profile can be used as a diagnostic marker of antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) in living donor kidney transplant (LKTx) recipients.
Lewis x antigen	acquisition of structure				alpha1,3 fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases|galactoside 3-fucosyltransferase		development and survival of C. elegans			Caenorhabditis elegans	adult C. elegans	Caenorhabditis elegans	9675224	Although C. elegans glycoconjugates do not express the Lewis x antigen Galbeta1-->4[Fucalpha1-->3]GlcNAcbeta-->R, detergent extracts of adult C.elegans contain an alpha1,3FT that can fucosylate both nonsialylated and sialylated acceptor glycans to generate the Lexand sialyl Lexantigens, as well as the lacdiNAc-containing acceptor GalNAcbeta1-->4GlcNAcbeta1-->R to generate GalNAcbeta1-->4 [Fucalpha1-->3]GlcNAcbeta1-->R.
sialyl Lewis x antigen	acquisition of structure				alpha1,3 fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases|galactoside 3-fucosyltransferase		development and survival of C. elegans			Caenorhabditis elegans	adult C. elegans	Caenorhabditis elegans	9675224	Although C. elegans glycoconjugates do not express the Lewis x antigen Galbeta1-->4[Fucalpha1-->3]GlcNAcbeta-->R, detergent extracts of adult C.elegans contain an alpha1,3FT that can fucosylate both nonsialylated and sialylated acceptor glycans to generate the Lexand sialyl Lexantigens, as well as the lacdiNAc-containing acceptor GalNAcbeta1-->4GlcNAcbeta1-->R to generate GalNAcbeta1-->4 [Fucalpha1-->3]GlcNAcbeta1-->R.
blood group H type 2	acquisition of structure	MUC1|MUC2|MUC13							Helicobacter pylori infection	Helicobacter pylori		Humans	NCI-hTERT-CL5		26074691	NCI-hTERT-CL5 mucins were shown to be decorated with blood group H type 2 (BG-H), Lewis-x (Le(x)), Le(y) and Le(a) and, in a less extent, with BG-A antigens, but the former two antigens were not detected in the NCI-hTERT-CL6.
Lewis-x	acquisition of structure	MUC1|MUC2|MUC13							Helicobacter pylori infection	Helicobacter pylori		Humans	NCI-hTERT-CL5		26074691	NCI-hTERT-CL5 mucins were shown to be decorated with blood group H type 2 (BG-H), Lewis-x (Le(x)), Le(y) and Le(a) and, in a less extent, with BG-A antigens, but the former two antigens were not detected in the NCI-hTERT-CL6.
Lewis-y	acquisition of structure	MUC1|MUC2|MUC13							Helicobacter pylori infection	Helicobacter pylori		Humans	NCI-hTERT-CL5		26074691	NCI-hTERT-CL5 mucins were shown to be decorated with blood group H type 2 (BG-H), Lewis-x (Le(x)), Le(y) and Le(a) and, in a less extent, with BG-A antigens, but the former two antigens were not detected in the NCI-hTERT-CL6.
Lewis-a	acquisition of structure	MUC1|MUC2|MUC13							Helicobacter pylori infection	Helicobacter pylori		Humans	NCI-hTERT-CL5		26074691	NCI-hTERT-CL5 mucins were shown to be decorated with blood group H type 2 (BG-H), Lewis-x (Le(x)), Le(y) and Le(a) and, in a less extent, with BG-A antigens, but the former two antigens were not detected in the NCI-hTERT-CL6.
blood group A	acquisition of structure	MUC1|MUC2|MUC13							Helicobacter pylori infection	Helicobacter pylori		Humans	NCI-hTERT-CL5		26074691	NCI-hTERT-CL5 mucins were shown to be decorated with blood group H type 2 (BG-H), Lewis-x (Le(x)), Le(y) and Le(a) and, in a less extent, with BG-A antigens, but the former two antigens were not detected in the NCI-hTERT-CL6.
glycan shield	altered level	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1 infection	HIV-1		Humans			27820858	Single mutations identified, resulted in distinct trimer conformations affecting CD4bs exposure, the glycan shield and the TAD across diverse HIV-1 clades.
β-glycan	increased level							diagnostic	COVID-19	COVID-19		Humans	plasma		36335131	Circulating plasma markers for gut inflammation and damage such as zonulin, lipopolysaccharide and β-glycan increase in plasma along with severity of disease.
	unaltered level	Mesothelin|Mucin-16/CA125		Mesothelin|CA-125 Antigen|MUC16 protein, human					cancers		therapeutic interventions	Humans	mesothelium		38703776	Mesothelin (MSLN) is a cell-surface glycoprotein expressed at low levels on normal mesothelium but overexpressed in many cancers.
Neu5Acalpha2-3Galbeta1-4Glc	unaltered level														9451024	Multidimensional heteronuclear NMR studies have been applied to the resonance assignment and conformational analysis of 13C-enriched Neu5Acalpha2-3Galbeta1-4Glc.
laminated layer (LL) glycan	altered level				α1-3,4,6-galactosidase|β1-3-galactosidase		Galactosidases|Galactosidases		Alveolar Echinococcosis	Echinococcosis	galactosidase treatment	Echinococcus multilocularis	metacestode		32739918	Our experiments demonstrated that the parasite vesicular structure can be directly destroyed by adding galactosidases into the in vitro culture system, resulting in the fact that the parasite metacestode vesicles could not anymore infect and develop in mice after this glycan digestion.
disialosyl globopentaosylceramide (DSGb5 (d18:1/16:0))	increased level							diagnostic	renal cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Renal Cell|Kidney Neoplasms		Humans	urine	Body Fluids	38612906	LC-MS/MS analysis of urine samples from clear cell RCC (ccRCC) patients and healthy controls showed a significant increase in the peak intensity of urinary DSGb5 (d18:1/16:0) in the ccRCC group compared with that in the control group.
free N-glycans	unaltered level	yolk glycoproteins		Glycoproteins	acid PNGase M							Oryzias latipes	embryos		10460830	Several independent lines of evidence suggested that acid PNGase M may be responsible for the unusual accumulation of free N-glycans derived from yolk glycoproteins (Iwasaki,M., Seko,A., Kitajima,K., Inoue,Y. and Inoue,S. (1992) J. Biol. Chem., 267, 24287-24296).
N-linked glycan chain	unaltered level	L-hyosophorin		hyosophorin protein, Fish	neutral PNGase M							Oryzias latipes	blastoderms	Blastoderm	10460830	The general significance of these findings is that they show a developmental stage-dependent expression of the two PNGase activities, and that expression of the neutral PNGase M activity occurs concomitantly with the de-N-glycosylation of L-hyosophorin.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	cancer			Humans	cancer cells		34927439	Truncation of O-glycans reveals the Thomsen nouveau (Tn) antigen, an N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) frequently attached to serine or threonine amino acids, that is accessible on the surface of cancer cells but not on healthy cells.
high-branched N-glycans	increased level	β-1,4-Galactosyltransferase-V		N-Acetyllactosamine Synthase				diagnostic|prognostic	Colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	tumor cells		35255430	Colorectal cancer (CRC) tumor cells have shown to overexpress these biomolecules concerning normal cells, releasing them into the body fluids.
ABO blood group glycan antigens	unaltered level							diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	blood		21948103	The ABO blood group glycan antigens were selected as well recognized ligands for sensitivity and specificity assessments.
P(1)	increased level							diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	blood		21948103	As another ligand we selected P(1), a member of the P blood group system recently identified by PGA as a potential ovarian cancer biomarker.
N276<sub>gp120</sub> N-glycan	acquisition of structure	Env		Polysaccharides				response	HIV-1 infection	HIV-1	vaccination	Mice|Rabbits|Macaca mulatta	transgenic mice|rabbits|rhesus macaques	Mice|Rabbits|Macaca mulatta	36763635	We hypothesized that CD4bs bNAbs resembling the antibody IOMA might be easier to elicit than other CD4bs antibodies that exhibit higher somatic mutation rates, a difficult-to-achieve mechanism to accommodate Env's N276<sub>gp120</sub> N-glycan, and rare five-residue light chain complementarity-determining region 3.
SSEA-4	increased level				B3GALT5|ST3GAL2		Stage-Specific Embryonic Antigens|Stage-Specific Embryonic Antigens	prognostic|predictive	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms	homologous antibodies or CAR-T strategies	Humans	pancreatic cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	34876527	Here we show that SSEA-4 is more expressed in all pancreatic cancer cell lines examined but not detectable in normal pancreatic cells; and high expression of SSEA-4 or the key enzymes B3GALT5 + ST3GAL2 associated with SSEA-4 biosynthesis significantly lowers the overall survival rate.
glycan276	unaltered level	HIV-envelope trimer		env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans			34731616	Despite these differences, binding of glycan276-dependent antibodies maintains a glycan276 conformation similar to that observed in the absence of glycan276-binding antibodies.
aberrantly glycosylated IgA1	altered level	Immunoglobulin A		Immunoglobulin A				diagnostic	IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans			34794047	Novel biomarkers, including the aberrantly glycosylated IgA1 and glycan-specific antibodies, could be useful in the diagnosis of IgAN.
glycan cap	loss of structure	EboGP		envelope glycoprotein, Ebola virus					Ebola virus infection	Ebolavirus		Human	cell	Cell Line	26516900	Additionally, we find that a glycoprotein construct, which mimics the cathepsin-activated species by proteolytic removal of the EboGP glycan cap and mucin domains, is unable to counteract tetherin.
NeuNAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----3(NeuNAc alpha 2----6)Gal-NAc-Ser/Thr	loss of structure	leukosialin		Leukosialin	alpha 2----6 sialyltransferase				T-lymphocyte activation	Lymphocyte Activation	anti-CD3 antibodies and interleukin-2	human	T-lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	2971663	Our results suggest that resting T-lymphocytes express on leukosialin the disialotetrasaccharides NeuNAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----3(NeuNAc alpha 2----6)Gal-NAc-Ser/Thr, whereas activated human T-cells carry on leukosialin exclusively the more complex structures NeuNAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----3(NeuNAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----6)GalNAc-Ser/Thr.
NeuNAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----3(NeuNAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----6)GalNAc-Ser/Thr	acquisition of structure	leukosialin		Leukosialin	beta 1----6GlcNAc-transferase				T-lymphocyte activation	Lymphocyte Activation	anti-CD3 antibodies and interleukin-2	human	T-lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	2971663	Our results suggest that resting T-lymphocytes express on leukosialin the disialotetrasaccharides NeuNAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----3(NeuNAc alpha 2----6)Gal-NAc-Ser/Thr, whereas activated human T-cells carry on leukosialin exclusively the more complex structures NeuNAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----3(NeuNAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----6)GalNAc-Ser/Thr.
glycosylphosphatidylinositol	unaltered level	Carbonic Anhydrase IV		Carbonic Anhydrases					cardiac endothelium	Endothelium		human	endothelial cells	Endothelium	10749731	These CAs share the same mechanism of membrane-anchoring via glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI), which excludes identity with transmembrane isoforms CA IX or CA XII.
glycosylphosphatidylinositol	unaltered level	Carbonic Anhydrase		Carbonic Anhydrases					cardiomyocytes	Myocardium		human	cardiomyocytes	Myocardium	10749731	These CAs share the same mechanism of membrane-anchoring via glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI), which excludes identity with transmembrane isoforms CA IX or CA XII.
alpha-galactose	decreased level				alpha-1,2-fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases		xenotransplantation	Tissue Transplantation	transfection of human alpha-1,2-fucosyltransferase cDNA	pig	endothelial cell line	Endothelium|Cell Line	9287311	Expression of human alpha-1, 2-fucosyltransferase in pigs has been proposed as a strategy for reducing the expression level of the alpha-galactose epitope, thereby rendering the pig organs more suitable for transplantation into humans.
H epitope	increased level				alpha-1,2-fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases		xenotransplantation	Tissue Transplantation	transfection of human alpha-1,2-fucosyltransferase cDNA	pig	endothelial cell line	Endothelium|Cell Line	9287311	By contrast, expression of the H epitope was increased 5-8-fold in transfected cells with a 40% reduction in the expression of alpha-galactose epitope and a 50% decrease in sialylation, as measured by binding of Maackia amurensis and Sambuccus nigra agglutinins.
LewisX	decreased level				alpha-1,2-fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases		xenotransplantation	Tissue Transplantation	transfection of human alpha-1,2-fucosyltransferase cDNA	pig	endothelial cell line	Endothelium|Cell Line	9287311	LewisX expression was reduced to background levels, while the LewisY neoepitope was induced in human alpha-1,2-fucosyltransferase-expressing pig cells.
LewisY neoepitope	acquisition of structure				alpha-1,2-fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases		xenotransplantation	Tissue Transplantation	transfection of human alpha-1,2-fucosyltransferase cDNA	pig	endothelial cell line	Endothelium|Cell Line	9287311	LewisX expression was reduced to background levels, while the LewisY neoepitope was induced in human alpha-1,2-fucosyltransferase-expressing pig cells.
Fucosylated multi-antennary glycopeptide	increased level							diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial		Human	serum		38658783	Fucosylated multi-antennary glycopeptide markers were higher in late-stage than in early-stage EOC.
Fucosylated multi-antennary glycopeptide	increased level							diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial		Human	tissue		38658783	A comparable pattern was found in late-stage EOC tissues.
phenylpropanoid volatile diglycosides	increased level				non-smoky glycosyltransferase1	NSGT1	Glycosyltransferases		smoky aroma			Solanum lycopersicum	tomato fruit	Fruit	23956261	In an nsgt1/nsgt1 background, further glycosylation of phenylpropanoid volatile diglycosides does not occur, thereby enabling their cleavage and the release of corresponding volatiles.
phenylpropanoid volatile triglycosides	increased level				non-smoky glycosyltransferase1	NSGT1	Glycosyltransferases		smoky aroma			Solanum lycopersicum	tomato fruit	Fruit	23956261	Expression of NSGT1 is induced during fruit ripening, and the encoded enzyme converts the cleavable diglycosides of the smoky-related phenylpropanoid volatiles into noncleavable triglycosides, thereby preventing their deglycosylation and release from tomato fruit upon tissue disruption.
N-linked glycosylation	acquisition of structure	gp180erbB-3		Receptor, ErbB-3					human malignancies			Humans	mammary tumor cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8464905	These findings combined with the detection of constitutive tyrosine phosphorylation of gp180erbB-3 in 4 of 12 human mammary tumor cell lines implicate the activated erbB-3 product in the pathogenesis of some human malignancies.
fucosylated glycans	undetermined				alpha3-fucosyltransferase|alpha2-fucosyltransferase		galactoside 3-fucosyltransferase|Galactoside 2-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase		schistosomiasis			Trichobilharzia ocellata	cercariae		9499387	These fucosylated glycans are highly antigenic and seem to play a role in the pathology of schistosomiasis.
intact N-glycopeptides	decreased level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	pancreatic cancer tissues	Pancreatic Neoplasms	33835347	With the criteria of ≥1.5-fold change and p value<0.05, 52 differentially expressed intact N-glycopeptides (DEGPs) were found in pancreatic cancer tussues relative to control, where 38 up-regulated and 14 down-regulated, respectively.
intact N-glycopeptides	increased level							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	pancreatic cancer tissues	Pancreatic Neoplasms	33835347	With the criteria of ≥1.5-fold change and p value<0.05, 52 differentially expressed intact N-glycopeptides (DEGPs) were found in pancreatic cancer tussues relative to control, where 38 up-regulated and 14 down-regulated, respectively.
H antigen	acquisition of structure	LAMP-1		Lysosomal Membrane Proteins	H-type alpha1,2-fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases		H(O) blood group	ABO Blood-Group System		Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	8999907	The new cell line, designated CHO(alpha1,2)FT, expressed surface neoglycans containing the H antigen.
sialoglycoproteins	increased level			Sialoglycoproteins				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	prostate cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	21447706	Functional clustering of differentially expressed proteins by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis revealed that the vast majority of glycoproteins overexpressed in the metastatic ML2 subline were involved in cell motility, migration, and invasion.
hCG glycosylation	altered level	Chorionic Gonadotropin		Chorionic Gonadotropin	sialyltransferase-1|fucosyltransferase-1		Sialyltransferases|Fucosyltransferases		trisomy 21	Down Syndrome		Humans	trophoblasts	Trophoblasts	14764788	In T21 cultured trophoblasts, transcripts of sialyltransferase-1 and fucosyltransferase-1 were abnormally high.
hCG glycosylation	altered level	Chorionic Gonadotropin		Chorionic Gonadotropin	sialyltransferase-1|fucosyltransferase-1		Sialyltransferases|Fucosyltransferases		trisomy 21	Down Syndrome		Humans	trophoblasts	Trophoblasts	14764788	In corresponding culture medium, hCG was abnormally glycosylated; highly acidic [isoelectric points (pHi) = 4.5] as shown by isoelectric focusing, immunoblotting, and lectin binding; and weakly bioactive (46% of control) as determined using the Leydig cell model.
glycosylation	increased level				MGAT1			prognostic	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal|Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	macrophages	Macrophages	39156890	In PDAC tumor samples, the glycosylation level of macrophages was significantly higher than that of normal samples.
glycosylation	increased level				MGAT1			predictive	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal|Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	macrophages	Macrophages	39156890	MGAT1 plays an important role in PDAC by regulating glycosylation levels in macrophages, influencing tumor progression and improving prognosis.
soluble Lu/B-CAM	decreased level	Lutheran/basal cell adhesion molecule		BCAM protein, human				monitoring	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms	resection of the tumor	human	plasma		25051049	Moreover the soluble Lu/B-CAM in plasma of HCC patients was significantly decreased after resection of the tumor.
soluble Lu/B-CAM	altered level	Lutheran/basal cell adhesion molecule		BCAM protein, human				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		human	plasma		25051049	These results suggest that soluble Lu/B-CAM serves as not only a novel marker for HCC but also a modulator in tumor progression.
N-Acetyllactosamine	undetermined				N-Acetyllactosamine Synthase		N-Acetyllactosamine Synthase		rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		Humans	joint		9385687	Influence of non HLA factors in rheumatoid arthritis: role of enzyme abnormalities in joint destruction.
aglycosyl	altered level	anti-CD154 mAbs		Antibodies, Monoclonal|Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized|hu5C8 antibody				response	systemic lupus erythematosus	Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic		murine			15466914	Moreover, an aglycosyl, chimeric MR1 mAb (muMR1) prolonged survival and inhibited pathogenic auto-antibody production in a murine model of SLE.
aglycosyl	altered level	anti-CD154 mAbs		Antibodies, Monoclonal|Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized|hu5C8 antibody				response	allotransplantation	Islets of Langerhans Transplantation|Kidney Transplantation|Transplantation, Homologous		rhesus			15466914	While aglycosyl hu5C8 mAb was relatively ineffective in rhesus renal and islet allotransplantation, it inhibited primary and secondary humoral responses to a protein immunogen in cynomolgus monkeys.
SIV envelope	loss of structure								Simian Immunodeficiency Virus	Simian Immunodeficiency Virus		Macaca			7511176	Finally, we show that deglycosylation of the SIV envelope results in a molecule which binds neither soluble CD4 nor the neutralizing monoclonal antibodies being investigated here and does not elicit sera with a significant neutralizing titer.
N-glycosylation	unaltered level	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome	Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome		HIV-1	MT-2 cells	Cells, Cultured	2082620	Furthermore, all glycosylation mutants retained the full capacity to bind CD4 except for a triple mutant which showed reduced binding.
N-glycosylation	decreased level	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome	Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome		HIV-1	MT-2 cells	Cells, Cultured	2082620	In the case of the triple glycosylation mutant, comparable virus production was first reached after a delay of about 12 days.
Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer	increased level	Mac-2-binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				predictive|risk	Hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms	antiviral therapy	Humans	serum		31574141	After adjustment for confounders, a higher M2BPGi level at VR significantly predicted HCC (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.58, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19-2.10, P=0.002) and death (HR: 2.17, 95% CI: 1.02-4.62, P=0.044).
Mac-2-binding protein glycosylation isomer	increased level	Mac-2-binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				predictive|risk	Death		antiviral therapy	Humans	serum		31574141	After adjustment for confounders, a higher M2BPGi level at VR significantly predicted HCC (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.58, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19-2.10, P=0.002) and death (HR: 2.17, 95% CI: 1.02-4.62, P=0.044).
MUC4	altered level	MUC4		MUC4 protein, human|Mucin-4				prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Human	colorectal tissue	Colonic Neoplasms|Colorectal Neoplasms	31091244	Our data suggest that genetic variation especially in the transmembrane mucin gene MUC4 may play a role in the survival of CRC and further studies are warranted.
fucosylated PSGL-1	acquisition of structure	PSGL-1		P-selectin ligand protein	alpha-(1,3) fucosyltransferase, Fuc-TVII		Fucosyltransferases		Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis			Humans	neutrophils	Neutrophils	10834846	Thus, the HGE bacterium specifically bound to fucosylated leukocyte PSGL-1.
O-linked, sialated glycan	undetermined								Sézary syndrome	Sezary Syndrome		Humans	T lymphocytes	T-Lymphocyte Subsets	1698478	Preliminary characterization studies of the antigen, which is also expressed by K562 and Jurkat cells, suggest the CH-F42 antigen is an O-linked, sialated glycan on a glycoprotein.
O-linked, sialated glycan	undetermined								adult T-cell lymphoma-leukemia	Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell		Humans	T lymphocytes	T-Lymphocyte Subsets	1698478	Preliminary characterization studies of the antigen, which is also expressed by K562 and Jurkat cells, suggest the CH-F42 antigen is an O-linked, sialated glycan on a glycoprotein.
fucosylated glycan	increased level	Serum paraoxonase 1		Aryldialkylphosphatase				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		22751611	Serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) was immunoprecipitated from 47 individual patients and blotted by lectins, showing enhanced fucosylation and sialylation in HCC serum than those in LC serum.
sialylated glycan	increased level	Serum paraoxonase 1		Aryldialkylphosphatase				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		22751611	Serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) was immunoprecipitated from 47 individual patients and blotted by lectins, showing enhanced fucosylation and sialylation in HCC serum than those in LC serum.
N-glycans	unaltered level	macrosialin		CD68 protein, mouse					modified LDL catabolism			Rat	Kupffer cells	Kupffer Cells	9065757	No effect on the extent of interaction with oxLDL was noticed, suggesting that glycans are not essential for ligand recognition.
glycan biosynthesis and metabolism	increased level								metabolically unhealthy obesity			Humans	Gastrointestinal Microbiome	Gastrointestinal Microbiome	34356001	We also observed different microbial functions in MUOs compared to MHOs, including an increased abundance of genes associated with glycan biosynthesis and metabolism.
oligomannose type N-linked glycans	unaltered level	gp160		HIV Envelope Protein gp160					HIV-1	HIV-1		human			1284814	Thus, rgp160 interacts with both oligomannose type, and the mannosyl core of complex type N-linked glycans, and its gp120 region plays a role in this interaction.
mannosyl core of complex type N-linked glycans	unaltered level	gp160		HIV Envelope Protein gp160					HIV-1	HIV-1		human			1284814	Thus, rgp160 interacts with both oligomannose type, and the mannosyl core of complex type N-linked glycans, and its gp120 region plays a role in this interaction.
N-linked glycans	altered level	serum proteins						diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	serum		24648610	In this study, N-linked glycans from human serum were quantitatively profiled by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) and compared between healthy controls and ovarian cancer patients.
sialylated IgG Fc	increased level	IgG1		Immunoglobulin G|Immunoglobulin gamma-Chains				response	chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy	Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating		Humans	sera		26436649	In sera derived from patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, an autoimmune disease of the peripheral nervous system in which humoral immune responses mediate tissue damage, induction of IgG Fc sialylation was associated with clinical disease remission.
CA199.STRA	increased level							diagnostic	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal		human	plasma		39276915	The panel of CA19-9 with the glycan biomarker CA199.STRA improved sensitivity from 0.44 with 0.98 specificity for CA19-9 alone to 0.71 with 0.98 specificity (p < 0.001, 1000-fold bootstrap).
6-sulfated galactose	unaltered level	langerin		CD207 protein, human|Cd207 protein, mouse				response	inflammation		anti-inflammatory drugs	mouse	lung		29631057	Based on a recent discovery that the disaccharide L4, a KS component that contains 6-sulfo-Gal, exhibits anti-inflammatory activity in mouse lung, we hypothesized that L4-related compounds are useful tools for characterizing the langerin-ligand interactions and their therapeutic application.
N-linked glycan at position-276	loss of structure	gp120		Polysaccharides					HIV-1 infection	HIV-1	179NC75 antibody administration	humanized mice			26516768	Here, we report that 179NC75 is highly active when administered to HIV-1-infected humanized mice, where it selects for escape variants that lack a glycan site at position-276.
HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope	altered level				GlcAT-P|GlcAT-S		galactosylgalactoylxylosylprotein 3-beta-glucuronosyltransferase|Glucuronosyltransferase		neurite outgrowth and synaptic plasticity			mouse	brain	Brain Chemistry	17935701	The HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope, a sulfated glucuronic acid at the non-reducing terminus of glycans, is expressed on glycoproteins and glycolipids and modulates neurite outgrowth and synaptic plasticity by affecting the adhesive and anti-adhesive properties.
Lewis x determinant (Le(x)) Gal beta 1-4[Fuc alpha 1-3]GlcNAc beta 1-3-R	undetermined														9076513	Glycans containing the Lewis x determinant (Le(x)) Gal beta 1-4[Fuc alpha 1-3]GlcNAc beta 1-3-R were significantly retarded in elution from high density LTA-Emphaze columns.
fucosylated lacdiNAc trisaccharide GalNAc beta 1-4[Fuc alpha 1-3]GlcNAc	undetermined														9076513	The lectin also bound the fucosylated lacdiNAc trisaccharide GalNAc beta 1-4[Fuc alpha 1-3]GlcNAc.
2'-fucosyllactose Fuc alpha 1-2Gal beta 1-4Glc	undetermined														9076513	Although 2'-fucosyllactose Fuc alpha 1-2Gal beta 1-4Glc) was retarded in elution from the columns, larger glycans containing the H-antigen Fuc alpha 1-2Gal beta 1-3(4)GlcNAc-R interacted poorly with immobilized LTA.
β-1,6-N-acetylglucosamine moiety of N-linked glycan	increased level	TIMP1		Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	serum		22196688	Also, MALDI data obtained in this study showed that the L-PHA-captured glycoforms of TIMP1 were measured in the pooled CRC serum with about 5 times higher abundance than that in the noncancerous serum, and were further proved by MRM mass analysis.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure							response	cancer			Mice			29742893	Formulation of the cancer-associated Tn antigen glycolipid model vaccine candidate into liposomes of different sizes and subsequent immunization of mice generated specific, high-affinity antibodies against the carbohydrate antigen with characteristics of T cell-dependent immunity.
6-sulfo sialyl Lewis X	acquisition of structure				N-acetylglucosamine-6-O-sulfotransferase-2		Sulfotransferases|Carbohydrate Sulfotransferases	prognostic	bladder urothelial carcinoma	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	bladder urothelial carcinoma	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms	26137907	6-Sulfo sLeX glycans were expressed in ~20% of bladder urothelial carcinoma cases, particularly in plasmacytoid and micropapillary variants.
6-sulfo sialyl Lewis X	acquisition of structure				N-acetylglucosamine-6-O-sulfotransferase-2		Sulfotransferases|Carbohydrate Sulfotransferases	risk	bladder urothelial carcinoma	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	bladder urothelial carcinoma	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms	26137907	Our findings indicate that 6-sulfo sLeX glycans likely play 2 roles in bladder urothelial carcinoma progression: one in lymphocyte recruitment to enhance antitumor immune responses, and the other in E-selectin-mediated tumor cell adhesion to vascular endothelial cells, which is potentially associated with metastasis.
glycan chain	undetermined	IgG4		Immunoglobulin G								Humans	Fc domain		26595420	The Fc domain is glycosylated at the CH2 domain on both chains, but one CH2 domain is rotated 120° with respect to the conformation observed in all reported structures to date, and its glycan chain faces the solvent.
galactose	increased level							response	lectin/toxin binding		inhibition	Humans	cells	CHO Cells|Cell Line, Tumor	21294229	Strategically combining solid-phase assays for screening with analysis of lectin binding to cells in different systems revealed efficient inhibition by distinct glycoclusters, thereby protecting cells from lectin association.
lactose	increased level							response	lectin/toxin binding		inhibition	Humans	cells	CHO Cells|Cell Line, Tumor	21294229	Strategically combining solid-phase assays for screening with analysis of lectin binding to cells in different systems revealed efficient inhibition by distinct glycoclusters, thereby protecting cells from lectin association.
Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen	increased level							response	lectin/toxin binding		inhibition	Humans	cells	CHO Cells|Cell Line, Tumor	21294229	Strategically combining solid-phase assays for screening with analysis of lectin binding to cells in different systems revealed efficient inhibition by distinct glycoclusters, thereby protecting cells from lectin association.
sialyl-T(N)	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucins					epithelial tumor	Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial		Humans	tumor cells		14991920	For the construction of immunostimulating antigens, glycopeptide partial structures from the mucins MUC1 and MUC4 carrying the tumor-associated sialyl-T(N), alpha2,6-sialyl-T and alpha2,3-sialyl-T antigens have been synthesized.
alpha2,6-sialyl-T	acquisition of structure	MUC1|MUC4		Mucins|Mucins					epithelial tumor	Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial		Humans	tumor cells		14991920	For the construction of immunostimulating antigens, glycopeptide partial structures from the mucins MUC1 and MUC4 carrying the tumor-associated sialyl-T(N), alpha2,6-sialyl-T and alpha2,3-sialyl-T antigens have been synthesized.
alpha2,3-sialyl-T	acquisition of structure	MUC1|MUC4		Mucins|Mucins					epithelial tumor	Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial		Humans	tumor cells		14991920	For the construction of immunostimulating antigens, glycopeptide partial structures from the mucins MUC1 and MUC4 carrying the tumor-associated sialyl-T(N), alpha2,6-sialyl-T and alpha2,3-sialyl-T antigens have been synthesized.
sialylated capsular polysaccharide	unaltered level	SIGLEC9 protein, human		SIGLEC9 protein, human					bacterial immune evasion			Humans	Neutrophils	Neutrophils	19196661	The sialylated capsular polysaccharide of group B Streptococcus (GBS) also presents terminal Siaalpha2-3Galbeta1-4GlcNAc units, and similarly engages neutrophil Siglec-9, dampening neutrophil responses in a Sia- and Siglec-9-dependent manner.
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal|Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		32990680	We validated our findings using plasma samples from patients with PDAC, benign gastrointestinal diseases, and chronic pancreatitis and discovered that 4 EV proteins are potential circulating biomarkers for PDAC.
mucin Core 1 glycan, Galβ1-3GalNAc	undetermined				endo-α-N-acetylgalactosaminidase		alpha-N-Acetylgalactosaminidase					Bifidobacterium longum			34694774	Bifidobacterium longum endo-α-N-acetylgalactosaminidase (GH101), EngBF, is highly specific toward the mucin Core 1 glycan, Galβ1-3GalNAc.
O-glycan	altered level	immunoglobulin A1		myeloma immunoglobulins					myeloma	Multiple Myeloma		Humans			1280920	Analysis of IgA1 myeloma protein indicated glycoforms distinct from those of the healthy controls.
Sialyl-Lewis X	increased level				ST3GAL4		Sialyltransferases|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase	prognostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	MKN45 gastric carcinoma cells	Cell Line, Tumor	23799130	Our results showed that the expression of ST3GAL4 in MKN45 gastric cancer cells leads to the synthesis of SLe(x) antigens and to an increased invasive phenotype both in vitro and in the in vivo CAM model.
Galβ1-3GlcNAcβ	acquisition of structure	CA19.9		CA-19-9 Antigen				diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms		Mice			29072130	We propose that cancer-specific glycopeptide epitope includes Galβ1-3GlcNAcβ fragment of a glycoprotein O-chain in combination with proximal hydrophobic amino acid(s) of the polypeptide chain.
V2 loop glycosylation	acquisition of structure	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV Infections	HIV Infections		Humans	peripheral blood mononuclear cells	Leukocytes, Mononuclear	10888615	We report that the asparagines located at the amino- and carboxy-terminal sites (at positions 154 and 195, respectively), as well as within the V2 loop of the SF162 envelope (at position 186), are glycosylated during in vitro replication of this virus in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
α2-6-sialic acid	increased level	CD147		Antigens, CD|BSG protein, human|Basigin	ST6Gal-I	ST6GAL1	Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human|beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase	risk	hepatocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		mouse	Hepa1-6 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	30972697	Here, we found that ST6Gal-I overexpression promoted hepatocarcinoma cell proliferation, migration, and immune escape by increasing the levels of CD147, MMP9, MMP2, and MMP7.
de-N-acetyl polysialic acid	acquisition of structure	nucleolin		RNA-Binding Proteins	ST8SIA2		CMP-N-acetylneuraminate-poly-alpha-2,8-sialosyl sialyltransferase|Sialyltransferases	diagnostic	cancer	Neoplasms		human	cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	34544457	We identified a derivative of polySia containing de-N-acetyl neuraminic acid residues (dPSA), which is expressed on the cell surface of human cancer cell lines and tumors but not normal cells.
α-L-fucose	increased level	Prostate specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans		Humans	26920336	The biosensor showed presence of α-L-fucose and α-(2,6)-linked terminal sialic acid within PSA´s glycan with high abundance, while only traces of α-(2,3)-linked terminal sialic acid were found.
α-(2,6)-linked terminal sialic acid	increased level	Prostate specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans		Humans	26920336	The biosensor showed presence of α-L-fucose and α-(2,6)-linked terminal sialic acid within PSA´s glycan with high abundance, while only traces of α-(2,3)-linked terminal sialic acid were found.
α-(2,3)-linked terminal sialic acid	decreased level	Prostate specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans		Humans	26920336	The biosensor showed presence of α-L-fucose and α-(2,6)-linked terminal sialic acid within PSA´s glycan with high abundance, while only traces of α-(2,3)-linked terminal sialic acid were found.
sialic acid residues	increased level	Secretory IgA		Immunoglobulin A, Secretory				response	infectious diseases		mucosal vaccination	Mice	Intestinal Mucosa	Intestinal Mucosa	24068891	Having deciphered the mechanisms leading to specific targeting of SIgA-based Ag complexes paves the way to the use of such a vehicle for mucosal vaccination against various infectious diseases.
O-glycosylated proteins	increased level	MUC13		MUC13 protein, human	GALNT14		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases		ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	ovarian carcinoma cells	Ovarian Neoplasms	23708057	Immunoprecipitation and western blot analyses indicated that GALNT14 contributed to the glycosylation of transmembrane mucin 13 (MUC13), which was significantly higher in ovarian cancer cells compared with the normal/benign ovary tissues.
antibody Fc-glycosylation	altered level	antibody		HIV Antibodies				prognostic	HIV infection	HIV Infections		Humans	plasma		32849622	Changes in both antibody subclass and antibody Fc-glycosylation drove the evolution of antibody effector activity, highlighting natural modifications in the humoral immune response that may enable the directed recruitment of the innate immune system to target and control HIV.
β1,6GlcNAc-branched N-glycans	increased level	T cell receptor|CTLA-4		Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell|CTLA-4 Antigen				response	AD-like skin lesions			NC/Nga mice	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	23594311	Glucosamine treatment increased the number of T cells expressing β1,6GlcNAc-branched N-glycans, with reduced ZAP-70 phosphorylation and enhanced CTLA-4 expression.
β1,6GlcNAc-branched N-glycans	increased level	T cell receptor|CTLA-4		Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell|CTLA-4 Antigen				response	dermatitis			human	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	23594311	Glucosamine treatment reduced the number of activated T cells from both the human primary and Jurkat cells and the dermatitis-induced mice.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	cancers		immunotherapy				20479270	Aberrant glycosylation and the overexpression of certain carbohydrate moieties is a consistent feature of cancers, and tumor-associated oligosaccharides are actively investigated as targets for immunotherapy.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	cancers		vaccine research				20479270	Whereas the ubiquitous nature of Tn antigens on cancers has made them a natural focus of vaccine research, such carbohydrate moieties are not always tumor-specific and have been observed on embryonic and nonmalignant adult tissue.
galectin‑based glycan recognition particles	undetermined							diagnostic	head and neck squamous cell carcinoma	Head and Neck Neoplasms|Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck		Humans	plasma		36129151	In the present study, galectin‑based magnetic glycan recognition particles, EXÖBead® were investigated for their practicality as a novel EV isolation technique, exemplified here for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.
Lewis X	acquisition of structure	ZP3		Zona Pellucida Glycoproteins|Zp3 protein, mouse					acrosome reaction	Acrosome Reaction		mouse	sperm		15128591	Results show that a Le(x)-containing neoglycoprotein induced the acrosome reaction in a dose-dependent and capacitation-dependent manner.
Lewis A	acquisition of structure	ZP3		Zona Pellucida Glycoproteins|Zp3 protein, mouse					acrosome reaction	Acrosome Reaction		mouse	sperm		15128591	A Le(a)-containing neoglycoprotein also induced sperm to undergo the acrosome reaction but was less potent than Le(x)-containing neoglycoproteins.
fucosylated N-glycans	decreased level	alpha-1-acid glycoprotein						diagnostic	HNF1A-Maturity-Onset Diabetes of the Young			human	plasma		35122907	Our results showed significant reduction in AGP fucosylation associated to HNF1A-MODY when compared to other diabetes subtypes.
fucosylated N-glycans	unaltered level	alpha-1-acid glycoprotein						diagnostic	other types of diabetes			human	plasma		35122907	Our results showed significant reduction in AGP fucosylation associated to HNF1A-MODY when compared to other diabetes subtypes.
sialic acid linked α 2-3	increased level			Glycoproteins				diagnostic	renal cancer	Carcinoma, Renal Cell|Kidney Neoplasms		human	cancer tissue	Kidney	23772422	Significant increases were observed for sialic acid linked α 2-3 in cancer tissues when compared to healthy ones and also among intermediate and healthy tissues.
sialic acid linked α 2-6	increased level			Glycoproteins				diagnostic	renal cancer	Carcinoma, Renal Cell|Kidney Neoplasms		human	cancer tissue	Kidney	23772422	The sialic acid linked α 2-6 and sialyl Lewisx structures were significantly increased in cancerous cells when compared to normal and intermediate renal tissue.
sialyl Lewisx	increased level			Glycoproteins				diagnostic	renal cancer	Carcinoma, Renal Cell|Kidney Neoplasms		human	cancer tissue	Kidney	23772422	The sialic acid linked α 2-6 and sialyl Lewisx structures were significantly increased in cancerous cells when compared to normal and intermediate renal tissue.
sialyl Lewisa	increased level			Glycoproteins				diagnostic	renal cancer	Carcinoma, Renal Cell|Kidney Neoplasms		human	cancer tissue	Kidney	23772422	In case of sialyl Lewisa antigen, a significant difference was discovered between normal and intermediate tissue.
N,N-diacetyllactosamine (LacdiNAc)	altered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic|monitoring	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant		Human	prostate		33894508	Detection of N,N-diacetyllactosamine (LacdiNAc) containing free prostate-specific antigen for early stage prostate cancer diagnostics and for identification of castration-resistant prostate cancer patients.
N,N-diacetyllactosamine (LacdiNAc)	altered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	castration-resistant prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant		Human	prostate		33894508	Moreover, in the study we described for the first time that changed LacdiNAc on PSA can be applied to identify prostatitis patients and most importantly this is the first study suggesting that changed glycosylation on PSA can be applied to identify castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPCa) patients.
N,N-diacetyllactosamine (LacdiNAc)	altered level	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				diagnostic	prostatitis			Human	prostate		33894508	Moreover, in the study we described for the first time that changed LacdiNAc on PSA can be applied to identify prostatitis patients and most importantly this is the first study suggesting that changed glycosylation on PSA can be applied to identify castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPCa) patients.
α1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine (αGlcNAc)	loss of structure	MUC6		Gastric Mucins				prognostic	differentiated-type gastric adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma|Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	gastric mucosa	Gastric Mucosa	24138592	Loss of αGlcNAc was significantly correlated with depth of invasion, stage, and venous invasion by differentiated-type adenocarcinoma.
HNK-1 epitope	unaltered level	gp130		Membrane Glycoproteins					early dephosphorylation of tyrosine residues			human	resting lymphocytes	Lymphocytes	11788581	The gp130 glycoprotein, the signal-transducing molecule of the IL-6 pathway, is itself a molecule possessing the HNK-1 epitope.
glycan metabolism pathways	altered level							diagnostic	active tuberculosis	Tuberculosis		Humans	Child	Humans|Child	37163321	Functional enrichment analyses of these genes suggested that they may govern ATB transition from LTBI through the control of many pathways, including the immune response, DNA repair, transcription, RNA degradation, and glycan and energy metabolism pathways.
glycan metabolism pathways	altered level							diagnostic	latent tuberculosis infection			Humans	Child	Humans|Child	37163321	Functional enrichment analyses of these genes suggested that they may govern ATB transition from LTBI through the control of many pathways, including the immune response, DNA repair, transcription, RNA degradation, and glycan and energy metabolism pathways.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure				chST6GalNAc I|pST3Gal I		beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		cancer				cancer cells		12010048	The tumor associated Tn (GalNAcalpha(1-1)-Thr/Ser)- and T (Galbeta(1-3)-GalNAcalpha(1-1)Thr/Ser)-antigens and their sialylated derivatives are present on the surface of many cancer cells.
T antigen	acquisition of structure				chST6GalNAc I|pST3Gal I		beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		cancer				cancer cells		12010048	The tumor associated Tn (GalNAcalpha(1-1)-Thr/Ser)- and T (Galbeta(1-3)-GalNAcalpha(1-1)Thr/Ser)-antigens and their sialylated derivatives are present on the surface of many cancer cells.
glycoproteins	altered level							diagnostic	disease-related				clinical specimens		25117242	Glycoproteins with disease-related glycosylation changes are a group of useful molecules that have long been recognized, but their application is not fully implemented.
Fc domain glycan	undetermined	Fcγ receptors		Receptors, IgG					cancer		anti-PD-1 therapy	mice	tumor-associated macrophages		28490665	We further show that macrophage accrual of aPD-1 mAbs depends both on the drug's Fc domain glycan and on Fcγ receptors (FcγRs) expressed by host myeloid cells and extend these findings to the human setting.
sialic acid	decreased level	low-density lipoprotein		Lipoproteins, LDL	neuraminidase 1|neuraminidase 3		Neuraminidase|Neuraminidase	risk	atherosclerosis	Atherosclerosis	neuraminidase inhibitors	human|mouse	macrophages	Macrophages	33554615	We show that desialylation of the LDL glycoprotein, apolipoprotein B 100, by human neuraminidases 1 and 3 increases the uptake of human LDL by human cultured macrophages and by macrophages in aortic root lesions in Apoe-/- mice via asialoglycoprotein receptor 1.
sialic acid	decreased level	low-density lipoprotein		Lipoproteins, LDL	neuraminidase 1|neuraminidase 3		Neuraminidase|Neuraminidase	risk	coronary artery disease	Coronary Artery Disease	neuraminidase inhibitors	human|mouse	macrophages	Macrophages	33554615	Increased plasma sialic acid levels, increased neuraminidase activity, and reduced sialic acid LDL content have been previously associated with atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease in human patients, but the mechanism underlying this association has not been explored.
Lewis X	unaltered level	DC-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin		DC-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin					dendritic cell detection			Humans	Dendritic Cells	Dendritic Cells	22901307	Here, we report the fabrication of magnetic nanoparticles coated with multivalent Le(X) glycans using Cu (I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition.
Lewis X	acquisition of structure	Ovalbumin		Ovalbumin				response	cancer		DC vaccination	Mice	Bone marrow derived dendritic cells|Splenic dendritic cells	Bone Marrow Cells|Dendritic Cells	19818504	We demonstrate that glycan modification of OVA with DC-SIGN targeting glycans, targets antigen specifically to bone marrow (BM) derived DCs and splenic DCs.
Lewis B	acquisition of structure	Ovalbumin		Ovalbumin				response	cancer		DC vaccination	Mice	Bone marrow derived dendritic cells|Splenic dendritic cells	Bone Marrow Cells|Dendritic Cells	19818504	Glycan modification of OVA with Lewis X or Lewis B oligosaccharides, that target DC-SIGN transgenic DCs, resulted in efficient 10-fold induction of OT-II compared to unmodified OVA.
O-glycan	altered level							diagnostic	nasopharyngeal carcinoma	Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma		Humans		Humans	30935420	Gene functional enrichment analysis indicated that these DEGs were enriched in the cilium movement, antimicrobial humoral response, O-glycan processing, mucosal immune response, carbohydrate transmembrane transporter activity, hormone biosynthetic process, neurotransmitter biosynthetic process, and drug metabolism-cytochrome P450 pathway.
Tn antigen	unaltered level							diagnostic	cancer			Humans	cancer cell surface		22812480	The antibodies exhibited strong reactivities toward Tn antigen displayed in its native environment, i.e., cancer cell surface, thus highlighting the potential of TMV as a promising TACA carrier.
HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope	unaltered level	P0		Myelin P0 Protein					demyelinating neuropathies			humans	peripheral nervous system		8798480	It is also the target for autoimmune IgM antibodies in demyelinating neuropathies of the peripheral nervous system in humans.
phosphatidyl inositol-anchored Fc gamma RIII-1	undetermined								autoimmune inflammatory processes			human	neutrophils	Neutrophils	1827827	Since the enzyme release could be inhibited by Fab fragments of mAb IV.3, we suggest that the signal transduction may require Fc gamma RII activation subsequent to crosslinking of the glycan phosphatidyl inositol-anchored Fc gamma RIII-1.
high-mannose glycan	altered level	Thy-1 antigen		Thy-1 Antigens								mouse	thymocytes		2856927	During chase, this band converted to a molecular ratio (Mr) = 25,000 polypeptide, probably derived from the latter by trimming of glucose or mannose residues from the three high-mannose glycan units of Thy-1.
mannosylated structures	acquisition of structure	CA-125		CA-125 Antigen					cancer	Cell Line, Tumor		Humans	fetal	Fetus	24764143	The results showed that DC-SIGN binds to CA-125 of fetal origin and that this interaction is carbohydrate-dependent.
fucosylated structures	acquisition of structure	CA-125		CA-125 Antigen					cancer	Cell Line, Tumor		Humans	fetal	Fetus	24764143	The results showed that DC-SIGN binds to CA-125 of fetal origin and that this interaction is carbohydrate-dependent.
Tn antigen	altered level								tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate	Vaccination	Rabbits			20602400	We used a glycan array to compare the repertoire of antibodies induced after immunizing with either low or high-density conjugates of the tumor-associated Tn antigen.
beta 1-6-branched N-linked oligosaccharides	increased level								activation			human	T4 and T8 cell populations	T-Lymphocyte Subsets	8132531	Activation of human T lymphocytes by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and leukoagglutinin from Phaseolus vulgaris (L-PHA) results in important changes in N-glycosylation.
beta 1-6-branched N-linked oligosaccharides	increased level								metastatic phenotype			human and rodent	tumors		8132531	This beta 1-6-branching on N-glycans, strongly associated with a metastatic phenotype in human and rodent tumors, is exhibited by numerous glycoproteins on stimulated cells, as shown by blot analysis.
T-antigen	undetermined	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					cancer			human		Humans	31719620	Anti-mucin1 (MUC1) antibodies have long been used clinically in cancer diagnosis and therapy and specific bindings of some of them are known to be dependent on the differential glycosylation of MUC1.
sialyl-T-antigen	undetermined	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					cancer			human		Humans	31719620	Anti-mucin1 (MUC1) antibodies have long been used clinically in cancer diagnosis and therapy and specific bindings of some of them are known to be dependent on the differential glycosylation of MUC1.
sialyl-Tn-antigen	undetermined	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					cancer			human		Humans	31719620	Anti-mucin1 (MUC1) antibodies have long been used clinically in cancer diagnosis and therapy and specific bindings of some of them are known to be dependent on the differential glycosylation of MUC1.
Tn-antigen	undetermined	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					cancer			human		Humans	31719620	Anti-mucin1 (MUC1) antibodies have long been used clinically in cancer diagnosis and therapy and specific bindings of some of them are known to be dependent on the differential glycosylation of MUC1.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	mucins		Mucins				diagnostic	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		rats	colon	Colon	15944793	The simple mucin-type truncated O-glycans Tn (GalNAc-O-Ser/Thr) and sialyl-Tn (STn) antigens are useful diagnostic markers for human colon cancer.
sialyl-Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	mucins		Mucins				diagnostic	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		rats	colon	Colon	15944793	The simple mucin-type truncated O-glycans Tn (GalNAc-O-Ser/Thr) and sialyl-Tn (STn) antigens are useful diagnostic markers for human colon cancer.
αGlcNAc	decreased level	MUC6		MUC6 protein, human|Mucin-6				predictive	Barrett's adenocarcinoma			Humans	Barrett's oesophagus	Barrett Esophagus	24117499	Decreased expression of αGlcNAc compared with MUC6 in BO is a possible hallmark in predicting BAC development.
O-sialo-glycosylated peptide moieties	loss of structure	CD34		Antigens, CD34	P.h. glycoprotease		O-sialoglycoprotein endopeptidase		bone marrow transplantation			human	bone marrow mononuclear cells	Bone Marrow Cells|Leukocytes, Mononuclear	1381456	These data suggest that the loss of O-sialo-glycosylated peptide moieties from P.h. glycoprotease-released CD34+ cells neither affects the functional capacity of committed progenitors, nor impairs the proliferation of long-term culture-generating cells.
N-glycan	altered level								normal pregnancy			Humans	urine		30290597	These 12 markers were mainly involved in the metabolic pathways of insulin resistance, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, nonabsorbable carbohydrate metabolism, and N-glycan biosynthesis.
sialyl-Lewis(a/x) fuco-oligosaccharides	undetermined	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand, PSGL-1							inflammation		selectin inhibitors	Humans	HL60 cells	HL-60 Cells	11918697	The E-, L- and P-selectins are carbohydrate-recognizing cell-adhesion molecules mediating selective leucocyte recruitment in inflammation.
sialyl-Le(x)	undetermined	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand, PSGL-1							inflammation		selectin inhibitors	Humans	HL60 cells	HL-60 Cells	11918697	When sulpho-tyrosine and sialyl-Le(x) are presented on liposomes, a potent inhibitory activity is generated toward the binding of P-selectin to HL60 cells, with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) values in the nanomolar range.
beta glycan	increased level								apoptosis	Apoptosis		Cattle	granulosa cells	Ovarian Follicle	14736815	In contrast, the relatively low intrafollicular concentrations of estradiol in growing subordinate follicles were positively associated with enhanced expression of mRNAs in granulosa cells for beta glycan, cyclo-oxygenase-1, tumor necrosis factor alpha, caspase-activated DNase, and DRAK-2, and in theca cells for beta glycan, caspase 13, P58(IPK), Apaf-1, BTG-3, and TS-BCLL, compared with granulosa or theca cells from dominant follicles (genes that are all associated with cell death and/or apoptosis).
sialyl-Tn antigen	acquisition of structure				core 1 beta3-Gal-transferase		Glycosyltransferases	prognostic	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	colon cancer cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9881766	Sialyl-Tn antigen (SAalpha2-6 GalNAc alpha-Ser/Thr) is expressed as a cancer-associated antigen on the surface of cancer cells and its expression correlates with a poor prognosis in patients with colorectal and other adenocarcinomas.
N-glycosylation	unaltered level	porcine CTLA-4		CTLA-4 Antigen				response	B-cell lymphoma	Lymphoma, B-Cell		Swine	B-cell lymphoma line (LCL13271)	Lymphoma, B-Cell	23470981	The glycosylated and non-N-glycosylated versions of this recombinant protein each bind to a porcine CD80 expressing B-cell lymphoma line (LCL13271) with equal affinity (K(D)=13 nM).
N-glycosylation	unaltered level	porcine CTLA-4		CTLA-4 Antigen				response	B-cell lymphoma	Lymphoma, B-Cell		Swine	B-cell lymphoma line (LCL13271)	Lymphoma, B-Cell	23470981	Binding analysis using flow cytometry of the porcine CTLA-4 fusion toxins to LCL13271 cells also demonstrated that the non-N-glycosylated porcine CTLA-4 isoforms bind to these cells with higher affinity compared to the glycosylated fusion toxin.
Lewis(x) (Le(x)) (Galbeta(1,4)[Fucalpha(1,3)]GlcNAc)	increased level	145-kDa glycoprotein			alpha-1,3-fucosyltransferases		Fucosyltransferases|galactoside 3-fucosyltransferase|3-galactosyl-N-acetylglucosaminide 4-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase		corneal epithelial cell adhesion			rabbit	corneal epithelium	Epithelium, Corneal|Rabbits	11278542	In this study we demonstrate that in corneal epithelium there is cell-cell contact-regulated expression of a 145-kDa glycoprotein (GP) bearing the glycan determinant Lewis(x) (Le(x)) (Galbeta(1,4)[Fucalpha(1,3)]GlcNAc).
Lewis(x) (Le(x)) (Galbeta(1,4)[Fucalpha(1,3)]GlcNAc)	increased level	145-kDa glycoprotein			alpha-1,3-fucosyltransferases		Fucosyltransferases|galactoside 3-fucosyltransferase|3-galactosyl-N-acetylglucosaminide 4-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase		corneal epithelial cell differentiation			rabbit	corneal epithelium	Epithelium, Corneal|Rabbits	11278542	Overall, these data provide evidence that a Le(x)-bearing glycoprotein plays a role through the Le(x) determinant in corneal epithelial cell-cell adhesion, and these data suggest that Le(x)-mediated cell-cell interactions contribute to mechanisms that mediate corneal epithelial cell differentiation.
Siglec-F ligands	unaltered level				keratan sulfate galactose 6-O-sulfotransferase	CHST1	Sulfotransferases|Carbohydrate Sulfotransferases		allergic eosinophilic airway inflammation		sensitization to ovalbumin (OVA) and repeated airway challenge	mouse	lung	Lung	29659839	Western blotting of lung extracts with Siglec-F-Fc fusion proteins detected ≈500 kDa and ≈200 kDa candidate Siglec-F ligands that were not appreciably altered in CHST1-/- lungs compared with normal mouse lungs.
Siglec-F ligands	increased level				keratan sulfate galactose 6-O-sulfotransferase	CHST1	Sulfotransferases|Carbohydrate Sulfotransferases		allergic eosinophilic airway inflammation		sensitization to ovalbumin (OVA) and repeated airway challenge	mouse	airway	Respiratory Mucosa	29659839	After OVA sensitization and challenge, Siglec-F ligands on airway cells, and numbers of eosinophils and neutrophils accumulating in the airways, both increased to a similar degree in WT and CHST1-/- mouse lungs, while macrophages and lymphocytes increased significantly more in CHST1-/- mouse airway compared with normal mouse lungs.
α2,6-sialic acid	decreased level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				risk	aggressive prostate cancer			Humans	blood serum		33149259	Aberrant glycosylation is involved in neoplastic progression and specific changes in PSA glycosylation pattern, as the reduction in the percentage of α2,6-sialic acid (SA) are associated with PCa aggressiveness.
sialylated PSA glycoforms containing GalNAc residues	increased level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				risk	aggressive prostate cancer			Humans	blood serum		33149259	The results showed that blood serum PSA sialylated glycoforms containing GalNAc residues were largely increased in aggressive PCa patients.
disialylated core fucosylated biantennary structures with α2,6-SA	decreased level	Prostate-Specific Antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen				risk	aggressive prostate cancer			Humans	blood serum		33149259	The results showed that blood serum PSA sialylated glycoforms containing GalNAc residues were largely increased in aggressive PCa patients, whereas the disialylated core fucosylated biantennary structures with α2,6-SA, which are the major PSA glycoforms in standard PSA from healthy individuals, were markedly reduced in aggressive PCa.
α1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine (αGlcNAc)	decreased level	MUC6		MUC6 protein, human|Mucin-6				risk	chronic atrophic gastritis	Gastritis, Atrophic		Humans	pyloric glands		25967588	By contrast, in chronic atrophic gastritis, pyloric gland αGlcNAc expression was significantly reduced relative to MUC6.
α1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine (αGlcNAc)	decreased level	MUC6		MUC6 protein, human|Mucin-6				risk	differentiated-type adenocarcinoma of the stomach	Adenocarcinoma		Humans	pyloric glands		25967588	Because αGlcNAc prevents the gastric cancer development, reduced αGlcNAc expression in chronic atrophic gastritis is a possible risk factor for differentiated-type adenocarcinoma of the stomach.
sialyl LewisX	increased level	alpha1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid					inflammation	Inflammation		Humans	plasma		9557878	Acute and chronic inflammation-induced expression of sialyl LewisX has already been shown to occur on alpha1-acid glycoprotein.
sialyl LewisX	increased level	alpha1-antichymotrypsin		alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin					inflammation	Inflammation		Humans	plasma		9557878	We now demonstrate that this phenomenon is not restricted to alpha1-acid glycoprotein but also occurs on two other acute-phase proteins. ie on alpha1-antichymotrypsin and on haptoglobin.
sialyl LewisX	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins					inflammation	Inflammation		Humans	plasma		9557878	We now demonstrate that this phenomenon is not restricted to alpha1-acid glycoprotein but also occurs on two other acute-phase proteins. ie on alpha1-antichymotrypsin and on haptoglobin.
sialylated diantennary and hybrid-type glycans	unaltered level	VE-cadherin		Cadherins|cadherin 5								human	endothelial cells	Endothelium, Vascular	10460833	The results revealed that VE-cadherin carries predominantly sialylated diantennary and hybrid-type glycans in addition to some triantennary and high mannose-type species.
sialic acids	unaltered level	VE-cadherin		Cadherins|cadherin 5								human	endothelial cells	Endothelium, Vascular	10460833	Immunohistochemical labeling of VE-cadherin and sialic acids displayed a codistribution along the intercellular junctions in endothelial cells of human umbilical arteries, veins, and cultured endothelial monolayers.
alpha2,6 sialylation	increased level								inflammation	Inflammation		Humans	bone marrow endothelial cells	Bone Marrow Cells|Endothelial Cells	20162350	For instance, an enhanced alpha2,6 sialylation was observed after TNF stimulation at the transcriptional and glycan expression level whereas transcription of ST3Gal1 sialylating in alpha2,3 position was enhanced after VEGF stimulation.
alpha2,3 sialylation	increased level				ST3Gal1				tumour development			Humans	bone marrow endothelial cells	Bone Marrow Cells|Endothelial Cells	20162350	For instance, an enhanced alpha2,6 sialylation was observed after TNF stimulation at the transcriptional and glycan expression level whereas transcription of ST3Gal1 sialylating in alpha2,3 position was enhanced after VEGF stimulation.
high mannose type N-glycans	unaltered level	SIGN-R1		DC-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin					innate immunity			mouse	dendritic cells|macrophages		15136555	The dominant specificities found for SIGN-R1 and SIGN-R3 are mannose- and fucose-related, as expressed on high mannose type N-glycans and Lewis(a/b)/Lewis(x/y)-type sequences, respectively, with subtle differences between the receptors.
Lewis(a/b)/Lewis(x/y)-type sequences	unaltered level	SIGN-R3		SIGNR3 protein, mouse					innate immunity			mouse	dendritic cells|macrophages		15136555	The dominant specificities found for SIGN-R1 and SIGN-R3 are mannose- and fucose-related, as expressed on high mannose type N-glycans and Lewis(a/b)/Lewis(x/y)-type sequences, respectively, with subtle differences between the receptors.
Lewisx-related sequence with sulfate at position 6 of the terminal galactose	unaltered level	langerin	Cd207	Cd207 protein, mouse					innate immunity			mouse	dendritic cells|macrophages		15136555	The dominant specificity for langerin is unique so far: a Lewisx-related sequence with sulfate at position 6 of the terminal galactose.
O-linked glycans	unaltered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic|monitoring	cancer		immunotherapeutic strategies	Humans	tumour		16042579	The epithelial type 1 transmembrane mucin MUC1 is long-established as a marker for monitoring recurrence of breast cancer, and beyond its diagnostic marker qualities, it is a promising target for immunotherapeutic strategies to treat cancer by active specific immunization.
GlcNAc(beta 1-6)GalNAc(alpha 1-OBn)	acquisition of structure				beta-1,6-GlcNAc transferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase					Cattle	Testis	Cattle|Testis	9873587	beta-Galactosidase from bovine testes was used in a one pot reaction together with a recombinant beta-1,6-GlcNAc transferase for the synthesis of GlcNAc(beta 1-6)GalNAc(alpha 1-OBn) (core 6-Bn).
sialoglycans	altered level	Siglec-5|Siglec-11		SIGLEC5 protein, human|SIGLEC11 protein, human					glioma	Glioma	dexamethasone|temozolomide	human	glioma cells	Glioma	33670244	Additionally, the exposure to Dex or TMZ increased the binding of inhibitory Siglec-5 and Siglec-11 fusion proteins to glioma cells.
N-linked glycans	loss of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	HeLa cells	HeLa Cells	8129620	Env gene products lacking all three glycans as well as env gene products lacking different permutations of one or two glycans were analyzed.
N-linked intact glycopeptides	altered level	IgG2						diagnostic|predictive	prostate carcinoma	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		32568312	In particular, the N-glycopeptide IgG2-GP09 (EEQFNSTFR (H5N5S1)) was dramatically elevated in plasma from PCa patients, compared with that in BPH patients (PCa/BPH ratio = 5.74, p = 0.001).
N-linked intact glycopeptides	altered level	IgG2						diagnostic|predictive	benign prostatic hyperplasia	Prostatic Hyperplasia		Humans	plasma		32568312	In particular, the N-glycopeptide IgG2-GP09 (EEQFNSTFR (H5N5S1)) was dramatically elevated in plasma from PCa patients, compared with that in BPH patients (PCa/BPH ratio = 5.74, p = 0.001).
core 2-branched O-glycans	acquisition of structure				Core2 β-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-1	GCNT1	N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase	predictive|risk	Prostate Cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms	radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy	Humans	post-digital rectal examination urine		26390303	Over 90% of GCNT1-positive PCa patients with high concentrations of PSA showed extracapsular extension.
O-linked glycans	unaltered level	CD34		Antigens, CD34	glycoprotease		Bacterial Proteins|Metalloendopeptidases|O-sialoglycoprotein endopeptidase		blood cell disorders	Blood Cells	genetic techniques	human	bone marrow	Bone Marrow Cells	8647230	Epitopes on the CD34 molecule detected by some CD34 antibodies can be cleaved by a unique glycoprotease from Pasteurella haemolytica, which cleaves only glycoproteins rich in O-linked glycans.
sialyl Lewis X	decreased level			Sialyl Lewis X Antigen	N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		hepatocellular carcinoma			human	H7721 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	15044007	Transfection of sense cDNA of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (GnTV) into H7721 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells resulted in the decreased expression of surface sialyl Lewis X (SLe(x)), a sialylated fucose-containing antigen.
sialyl Lewis X	increased level			Sialyl Lewis X Antigen	N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		hepatocellular carcinoma			human	H7721 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	15044007	Transfection of antisense GnTV into H7721 cells showed entirely opposite effects on the expression of above-mentioned SLe(x) and glycosyltransferases as the sense GnTV.
N-acetyl galactosaminylated glycans	unaltered level								metastases arising from primary breast cancer	Neoplasm Metastasis|Breast Neoplasms		Humans	metastases	Neoplasm Metastasis	10474024	This study examines the Helix pomatia lectin (HPA) binding characteristics of metastases arising from primary breast cancer, and compares HPA binding patterns with binding of Dolichos biflorus lectin (DBA), Limax flavus lectin (LFA), and a monoclonal antibody against the Tn epitope.
sialylated glycans	unaltered level								metastases arising from primary breast cancer	Neoplasm Metastasis|Breast Neoplasms		Humans	metastases	Neoplasm Metastasis	10474024	This study examines the Helix pomatia lectin (HPA) binding characteristics of metastases arising from primary breast cancer, and compares HPA binding patterns with binding of Dolichos biflorus lectin (DBA), Limax flavus lectin (LFA), and a monoclonal antibody against the Tn epitope.
N197 glycan	loss of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120				response	HIV-1	HIV-1	vaccine	rabbit	sera		26023780	Specifically, trimer VLP sera took advantage of the unusual absence of a glycan at residue 197 (present in 98.7% of Envs).
N230 glycan	loss of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120				response	HIV-1	HIV-1	vaccine	rabbit	sera		26023780	The neutralizing DNA trimer serum took advantage of the absence of a glycan at residue 230, also proximal to the CD4 binding site and suggesting an epitope similar to that of monoclonal antibody 8ANC195, albeit lacking tier 2 breadth.
sulfated glycan chains	loss of structure	52-kDa protein		Membrane Glycoproteins									K562 cells	Cells, Cultured	7525586	The 52-kDa protein did not appear to contain sulfated glycan chains and was trypsin sensitive.
glycans on gp120	unaltered level	gp120							human immunodeficiency virus infection	HIV Infections		Humans	serum		8666845	MBP binds human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vitro via glycans on gp120 and thus, it may play a defensive role in HIV infection and contribute to virus clearance through the activation of complement associated with this condition.
disialyl-T	acquisition of structure				ST6GALNAC4	ST6GALNAC4		risk	cancer	Neoplasms	antibody-based checkpoint blockade	mouse|human	tumor	Neoplasms	36897988	A combination of glycomics and RNA-sequencing of mouse tumors revealed the MYC oncogene controls expression of the sialyltransferase St6galnac4 and induces a glycan known as disialyl-T.
glycan core of the LPG GPI anchor	unaltered level	LPG1							Leishmania	Leishmania major		Leishmania	promastigotes		8784772	This is notable as LPG1 participates in the biosynthesis of the glycan core of the LPG GPI anchor, whereas protein GPI anchor biosynthesis occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum.
sialic acid residues in the terminal glycan chains with T and Tn antigens	decreased level	MUC1		Mucin-1					endometrial adenocarcinoma	Endometrial Neoplasms	raloxifene	Humans	endometrium		16012748	Raloxifene-treated cells show a higher cell adhesion to collagen than estradiol-treated cells, especially at lower concentrations of these drugs, probably the result of smaller amounts of sialic acid residues in the terminal glycan chains with T and Tn antigens.
sialylation	altered level				glycosyltransferases				Multidrug resistance phenotype		Cisplatin	Human	lung adenocarcinoma cells	Adenocarcinoma of Lung|Lung Neoplasms	35156157	We also suggest that perhaps not only changes in cell sialylation are common during resistance induction but are essential to it.
Agaricus bisporus (ABA) lectin	increased ratio							predictive	distant recurrence of colorectal cancer	Neoplasm Recurrence, Local|Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	tumor specimens	Neoplasms, Second Primary	25355679	This ABA tumor/normal LGI ratio may be a new predictive biomarker for distant recurrence of curatively resected colorectal cancer.
disialotransferrin	increased level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	MPI-CDG			human	serum		24508628	The test result (~17% disialotransferrin, reference interval <2.0%; ~3% asialotransferrin, reference 0%) was confirmed by analysis of a second sample, while another alcohol biomarker, phosphatidylethanol (PEth) in whole-blood, was negative.
asialotransferrin	increased level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	MPI-CDG			human	serum		24508628	The test result (~17% disialotransferrin, reference interval <2.0%; ~3% asialotransferrin, reference 0%) was confirmed by analysis of a second sample, while another alcohol biomarker, phosphatidylethanol (PEth) in whole-blood, was negative.
bisecting GlcNAc	acquisition of structure				beta 1-4 N-acetylglucosaminyl transferase III	MGAT3	N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,4-mannosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase	prognostic	serous ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms	DNA methyltransferase inhibition	Humans	ovarian cancer cells	Ovarian Neoplasms	27429195	The presence of bisecting GlcNAc on released N-glycans was detected by mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-qTOF-MS/MS) in serous ovarian cancer cells upon DNA methyltransferase inhibition.
bisecting GlcNAc	acquisition of structure				beta 1-4 N-acetylglucosaminyl transferase III	MGAT3	N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,4-mannosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase	prognostic	basal-like breast cancers			Humans			27429195	Epigenetic activation of MGAT3 was also confirmed in basal-like breast cancers sharing similar molecular and genetic features with HGSOC.
sialyl-Lewis-X	acquisition of structure	CD13		CD13 Antigens				diagnostic|predictive	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer tissue	Tumor Cells, Cultured	29777742	Additionally, the co-expression of sLeX-CD44 and sLeX-CD13 was confirmed in clinical breast cancer tissue samples.
sialyl-Lewis-X	acquisition of structure	CD44		CD44 protein, human|Hyaluronan Receptors				diagnostic|predictive	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer tissue	Tumor Cells, Cultured	29777742	Additionally, the co-expression of sLeX-CD44 and sLeX-CD13 was confirmed in clinical breast cancer tissue samples.
sialyl Lewis x	acquisition of structure	L-selectin		L-Selectin				response	inflammation		inhibitors of L-selectin-mediated lymphocyte-endothelium interaction	rat	kidney	Rats|Rats, Inbred WF	8536711	The final synthesis product and its analogs lacking one or both of the fucose residues were tested as inhibitors of L-selectin-mediated lymphocyte-endothelium interaction in vitro in rejecting rat kidney transplant.
glycosaminoglycan	unaltered level	Langerin		CD207 protein, human					HIV	Humans		mammalian	cell surface	Mucous Membrane	23226363	Based on recent reports that Langerin binds to sulfated sugars, we conducted here a comparative analysis of Langerin interaction with mannose-rich HIV glycoprotein gp120 and glycosaminoglycan (GAGs), a family of sulfated polysaccharides expressed at the surface of most mammalian cells.
sialylation	increased level	CD8		CD8 Antigens					T cell maturation			mouse	T cells	CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	11754824	Furthermore, we provide evidence that this decreased CD8 binding results from increased T cell sialylation upon T cell maturation.
sialyl Lewis X	unaltered level	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1		Oligosaccharides					Staphylococcus aureus infection	Staphylococcus aureus		Humans	granulocytes		17996251	SSL5 is shown here to bind to human granulocytes and to the cell surface receptors for human IgA (Fc alphaRI) and P-selectin [P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1)] in a sialic acid (Sia)-dependent manner.
N-Acetylglucosamine	decreased level				N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases	diagnostic	low-grade serous carcinoma	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	Ovary	Ovary	20661130	The progression to LGSC is associated with a decrease in gene expression.
Neu5Gc	decreased level	CD22		Cd22 protein, mouse					nonspecific CD22-mediated T cell-B cell interactions			mouse	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	24297165	Suppression of Neu5Gc expression in mouse T and B cells prevented the development of nonspecific CD22-mediated T cell-B cell interactions.
Neu5Ac	increased level	CD22		Cd22 protein, mouse					nonspecific CD22-mediated T cell-B cell interactions			mouse	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	24297165	Similarly, resting mouse T cells expressed principally Neu5Gc, and Neu5Ac was induced upon activation.
Thomsen-Friedenreich disaccharide	undetermined								cancer	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate		Human			18809460	Previous reports on the carbohydrate specificities of Amaranthus caudatus lectin (ACL) and peanut agglutinin (PNA, Arachis hypogea) indicated that they share the same specificity for the Thomsen-Friedenreich (T(alpha), Galbeta1-3GalNAcalpha1-Ser/Thr) glycotope, but differ in monosaccharide binding--GalNAc>>Gal (inactive) for ACL; Gal>>GalNAc (weak) with respect to PNA.
globo-series glycosphingolipids	loss of structure				globo-series-related glycosyltransferases				embryonic stem cell differentiation			human	embryoid body	Embryoid Bodies	21149694	During hESC differentiation into EBs, MS analysis revealed a clear-cut switch in the core structures of GSLs from globo- and lacto- to ganglio-series, which was not as evident by immunostaining with antibodies against SSEA-3 and SSEA-4, owing to their cross-reactivities with various glycosphingolipids.
lacto-series glycosphingolipids	loss of structure				lacto-series-related glycosyltransferases				embryonic stem cell differentiation			human	embryoid body	Embryoid Bodies	21149694	During hESC differentiation into EBs, MS analysis revealed a clear-cut switch in the core structures of GSLs from globo- and lacto- to ganglio-series, which was not as evident by immunostaining with antibodies against SSEA-3 and SSEA-4, owing to their cross-reactivities with various glycosphingolipids.
ganglio-series glycosphingolipids	acquisition of structure				ganglio-series-related glycosyltransferases				embryonic stem cell differentiation			human	embryoid body	Embryoid Bodies	21149694	During hESC differentiation into EBs, MS analysis revealed a clear-cut switch in the core structures of GSLs from globo- and lacto- to ganglio-series, which was not as evident by immunostaining with antibodies against SSEA-3 and SSEA-4, owing to their cross-reactivities with various glycosphingolipids.
T antigen	loss of structure				core 1 beta1,3-galactosyltransferase	CG9520	core 1 beta1,3-galactosyltransferase, Drosophila		tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate		Drosophila	central nervous system	Central Nervous System	18824562	CG9520 mutant embryos showed the loss of T antigens on the CNS and on a subset of hemocytes.
T antigen	loss of structure				core 1 beta1,3-galactosyltransferase	CG9520	core 1 beta1,3-galactosyltransferase, Drosophila		tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate		Drosophila	hemocytes	Hemocytes	18824562	CG9520 mutant embryos showed the loss of T antigens on the CNS and on a subset of hemocytes.
O-linked oligosaccharide chains	unaltered level	gp20		gp20 sialoglycoprotein, human					sperm capacitation			Human	sperm	Spermatozoa	16101832	Our results indicate that the anti-gp20 epitope does not include the peptide backbone, the GPI anchor, or the N-glycans but consists of O-linked oligosaccharide chains bound to a unique CD52 glycoform present both in sperm and leukocytes.
sialyl Lewis X	increased level	transferrin		Sialyl Lewis X Antigen					cytotoxicity			human	HepG2 cells	Hep G2 Cells	21212510	Lectin-like receptors natural killer group 2D (NKG2D) and CD94 on natural killer (NK) cells bind to α2,3-NeuAc-containing N-glycans and heparin/heparan sulfate (HS).
sialic acid	increased level								invasive ductal carcinoma	Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast		human	breast	Breast Neoplasms	25007177	The aim of the study was to analyze the expression of galectin-1 (Gal-1), galectin-3 (Gal-3), sialic acid and b1-6 branched glycan structures in hypoxic environment of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast.
b1-6 branched glycan structures	increased level								invasive ductal carcinoma	Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast		human	breast	Breast Neoplasms	25007177	The aim of the study was to analyze the expression of galectin-1 (Gal-1), galectin-3 (Gal-3), sialic acid and b1-6 branched glycan structures in hypoxic environment of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast.
polysialic acid	acquisition of structure	Single-Chain Antibodies		Single-Chain Antibodies	polysialyltransferase			response	cancer			Humans	HEK293 Cells	HEK293 Cells	22681552	This was achieved by protein engineering of the PSA carrier domain of NCAM onto single-chain Fv antibody fragments (one directed against noninternalizing carcinoembryonic antigen-CEA and one against internalizing human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-HER2).
glycan-phosphatidyl inositol	undetermined	CD48|I-Ek|B7-2		CD48 Antigen|I-E-antigen|B7-2 Antigen									planar supported bilayers	Lipid Bilayers	8913608	Electric fields have been used to manipulate and concentrate glycan-phosphatidyl inositol (GPI)-tethered proteins in planar supported bilayers.
N-linked glycans	undetermined	galactoglycoprotein		Glycoproteins								human	plasma		1731338	This sequence represents a polypeptide chain of approximately 220 amino acid residues including a high content of serine, threonine, alanine, and proline with one N-linked and multiple O-linked glycans.
O-linked glycans	undetermined	galactoglycoprotein		Glycoproteins								human	plasma		1731338	This sequence represents a polypeptide chain of approximately 220 amino acid residues including a high content of serine, threonine, alanine, and proline with one N-linked and multiple O-linked glycans.
trimeric Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	Syndecan 1		Syndecan-1	ppGalNAc-T13		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases|Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase	risk	cancer metastasis	Neoplasm Metastasis		Mice	Lewis lung cancer	Carcinoma, Lewis Lung	23814067	We demonstrated previously that ppGalNAc-T13 (T13), identified as an up-regulated gene with increased metastasis in a DNA microarray, generated trimeric Tn (tTn) antigen (GalNAcα1-Ser/Thr)3 on Syndecan 1 in highly metastatic sublines of Lewis lung cancer.
Tn antigen	unaltered level	CD43		Antigens, CD	T-synthase			diagnostic	leukemia	Leukemia	diagnostics and therapy	human	Jurkat T cells	Jurkat Cells	22143985	The newly generated anti-Tn IgG mAbs with the strong specificity to glycoprotein CD43 can be particularly interesting for the application in leukemia diagnostics and therapy.
phosphatidylinositol-glycan anchor	loss of structure	Carcinoembryonic antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen					Colonic Neoplasms	Colonic Neoplasms		Human|Rat	colon carcinoma cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	7688074	Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a well-known tumor marker, consisting of a single heavily glycosylated polypeptide chain (mol. wt 200 kD), bound to the cell surface by a phosphatidylinositol-glycan anchor.
phosphatidylinositol glycan moiety	acquisition of structure	CD16		Membrane Glycoproteins					antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity	Cytotoxicity, Immunologic		Humans	granulocytes	Granulocytes	2553809	Recently we and others described that CD16 is anchored to the membrane of granulocytes via a phosphatidylinositol glycan moiety.
phosphatidylinositol glycan moiety	loss of structure	CD16		Membrane Glycoproteins					antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity	Cytotoxicity, Immunologic		Humans	NK cells	Killer Cells, Natural	2553809	Here we show that the CD16 molecule expressed on NK cells, cultured monocytes, and lung macrophages is not phosphatidylinositol glycan moiety anchored.
sialic acid	altered level	alpha-1B-glycoprotein|complement C3|alpha-1-antitrypsin|transferrin		Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins				diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	serum		19782370	In this report, we describe the development of a proteomics approach to identify breast cancer related changes in either concentration and/or the carbohydrate structures of glycoprotein(s) present in blood samples.
glyco-dendrimer	acquisition of structure							response	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	intradermal vaccination	Humans	skin	Humans	31534520	We designed the first glyco-vaccine with dual CLR targeting properties, thereby reaching multiple human skin DC subsets in situ for improved anti-tumor CD8+ T cell responses.
Kdn-terminated glycans	acquisition of structure							response	Haemophilus Infections	Haemophilus Infections	Upper airway administration of Kdn	human-like Cmah null (Neu5Gc-deficient) mice	nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi)	Haemophilus influenzae	33468699	Upper airway administration of Kdn reduced NTHi infection in human-like Cmah null (Neu5Gc-deficient) mice that express a Neu5Ac-rich sialome.
Neu5Ac-sialoglycans	acquisition of structure							risk	Haemophilus Infections	Haemophilus Infections		humans	nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi)	Haemophilus influenzae	33468699	"Surface expression of the common vertebrate sialic acid (Sia) N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) by commensal and pathogenic microbes appears structurally to represent ""molecular mimicry"" of host sialoglycans, facilitating multiple mechanisms of host immune evasion."
N-acetyllactosamine	altered level	CD43 chimeric proteins		Leukosialin	Gal3ST-3	GAL3ST2	GAL3ST2 protein, human					Chinese hamster	ovary cells	CHO Cells	11323440	These conclusions were confirmed by analyzing CD43 chimeric proteins in Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing core2 beta1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase.
heavy chain glycans	altered level	B43.13		Biomarkers, Tumor				diagnostic|prognostic	high-grade serous ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms	cytoreductive surgery	Humans	OVCAR3 human ovarian cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	32644804	We site-specifically modified the heavy chain glycans of B43.13 with the near-infrared dye IRDye 800CW using a chemoenzymatic approach developed in our laboratories.
polylactosamine	increased level	Thy-1		Thy-1 Antigens					lymphocyte differentiation			Mice	thymocyte	T-Lymphocytes	2870429	Digestion of Thy-1 with endo-beta-galactosidase suggested that the complex type N-linked glycans in thymocytes, but not in lymph node T-cells, contained increased levels of polylactosamine.
polylactosamine	decreased level	Thy-1		Thy-1 Antigens					lymphocyte differentiation			Mice	lymph node T-cell	T-Lymphocytes	2870429	Digestion of Thy-1 with endo-beta-galactosidase suggested that the complex type N-linked glycans in thymocytes, but not in lymph node T-cells, contained increased levels of polylactosamine.
Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen	undetermined								Tumor						30999209	This peculiar type of cluster recognition may contribute to improved avidity and explicit tumor specificity.
core 2 O-glycan	acquisition of structure	CD43		Leukosialin					leukocyte homing			mouse	T cells	CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	10415045	Whereas 1B11 recognition of CD43 on activated T cells required both core 2 O-glycan branching and sialic acid, 1B11 recognition of CD45 only occurred in the absence of both core 2 glycosylation and sialic acid.
sialic acid	acquisition of structure	CD43		Leukosialin					leukocyte homing			mouse	T cells	CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	10415045	Whereas 1B11 recognition of CD43 on activated T cells required both core 2 O-glycan branching and sialic acid, 1B11 recognition of CD45 only occurred in the absence of both core 2 glycosylation and sialic acid.
core 2 O-glycan	loss of structure	CD45RB		Leukocyte Common Antigens					leukocyte homing			mouse	T cells	CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	10415045	Whereas 1B11 recognition of CD43 on activated T cells required both core 2 O-glycan branching and sialic acid, 1B11 recognition of CD45 only occurred in the absence of both core 2 glycosylation and sialic acid.
sialic acid	loss of structure	CD45RB		Leukocyte Common Antigens					leukocyte homing			mouse	T cells	CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	10415045	Whereas 1B11 recognition of CD43 on activated T cells required both core 2 O-glycan branching and sialic acid, 1B11 recognition of CD45 only occurred in the absence of both core 2 glycosylation and sialic acid.
N-linked high mannose oligosaccharides	acquisition of structure	aminopeptidase N		Aminopeptidases					human blood group A antigenicity			rabbit	enterocytes		2860249	The A antigenicity is acquired simultaneously with processing of high mannose glycans to complex glycans.
sLe(x) gangliosides with terminal Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAc epitope	undetermined								Influenza, Human	Influenza, Human		Humans	granulocytes	Granulocytes	22534568	A comprehensive structural analysis of fractionated gangliosides by electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry revealed sLe(x) gangliosides with terminal Neu5Acα2-3Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAc epitope and extended neolacto (nLc)-series core structures as the preferential virus binding gangliosides.
type 1 chain	increased level				beta 3-galactosyltransferase 5	B3GALT5	B3GALT5 protein, human		colonic carcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		human	colonic carcinoma cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	19136585	Using an advanced mass spectrometry-based glycomic mapping and glycan sequencing approach, we show here that type 1 chains carried on the lacto-series glycosphingolipids of colonic carcinoma cells can be extended when the endogenous beta 3GalT activity relative to competing beta 4GalT activity, as defined against a common GlcNAc beta 1-3Gal beta 1-4Glc acceptor, is sufficiently high, as found in Colo205 and SW1116, but not in DLD-1 cells.
CD15	undetermined	PrPC		Prions					prion diseases	Prions		Humans	leukocytes	Leukocytes	9473220	This molecule is involved in the pathogenesis of prion diseases in both humans and animals.
N-glycans	undetermined	CD18		CD18 Antigens					Pseudomonas Infections	Pseudomonas Infections		Human|Mouse	Monocytes|Neutrophils	Monocytes|Neutrophils	32041787	Our data support that surface N-linked glycan chains (N-glycans) likely facilitate the initial interaction of bacteria with monocytes and cooperate with CD18 integrins in trans to promote internalization of bacteria.
O-glycans	altered level				N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-6		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases|Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase	prognostic	endometrial carcinoma	Endometrial Neoplasms		Humans	endometrial carcinomas	Endometrial Neoplasms	28668893	Positive expression of N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-6 (GalNAc-T6) may also be a marker for aberrant O-glycans in carcinogenesis.
sialyl 6-sulfo Lewis X	unaltered level	PSGL-1		P-selectin ligand protein					L-selectin ligand activity			Human	lymphoid cells	Cells, Cultured	11071860	Recently we identified sialyl 6-sulfo Le(x) as a major L-selectin ligand on high endothelial venules of human peripheral lymph nodes.
sialyl Lewis X	unaltered level	PSGL-1		P-selectin ligand protein					E-selectin ligand activity			Human	lymphoid cells	Cells, Cultured	11071860	The results of the recombinant selectin binding studies and the nonstatic monolayer cell adhesion assays indicated that both sialyl 6-sulfo Le(x) and conventional sialyl Le(x) served as ligand for E- and P-selectins, while L-selectin was quite specific to sialyl 6-sulfo Le(x).
Sia-containing glycan epitope	undetermined	leukosialin		Leukosialin					hematopoietic carcinoma			Humans	K562 cells	K562 Cells	33640457	Here, we identified a counter-receptor of Siglec-7 using K562 hematopoietic carcinoma cells presenting cell surface ligands for Siglec-7.
sialyl Lewis(x) antigen	unaltered level	alpha1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid					inflammatory diseases			human	plasma	Humans	9639536	The ability to monitor sialyl Lewis(x) expression at each of the five sites is of interest in the study of OMD's role in inflammatory diseases.
sialylation	altered level				β-galactoside α-2,6-sialyltransferase	ST6Gal1	Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human		anaplastic large cell lymphoma	Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic		human	lymphoma cells	Cell Line, Tumor	25573487	The knockdown of β‑galactoside α‑2,6‑sialyltransferase (ST6Gal1) by siRNA showed inhibition of ST6Gal1 expression in the cytoplasm of H‑ALCL cells on immunohistochemical findings, and showed dramatic enhancement of cell adhesion to galectin‑8.
O-glycans	altered level								anaplastic large cell lymphoma	Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic		human	lymphoma cells	Cell Line, Tumor	25573487	We performed chemically artificial modification of cell surface O‑glycans by treatment of benzyl 2‑acetamido‑2‑deoxy‑α‑D‑galactopyranoside (Bz‑α‑GalNAc) in H‑ALCL.
N-glycosylation	altered level								anaplastic large cell lymphoma	Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic		human	lymphoma cells	Cell Line, Tumor	25573487	On the other hand inhibition of elongation of N‑glycosylation by tunicamycin (TM) resulted in inhibition of Phaseolus vulgaris‑L (L‑PHA) lectin‑binding activity and inhibited cell adhesion to galectin‑8, laminin and fibronectin.
fucosylated oligosaccharide	increased level	AFP-L3		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic|prognostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms	transarterial embolization therapy	Humans	serum		24927126	The α-fetoprotein fraction L3 (AFP-L3), which is synthesized by malignant cells and incorporates a fucosylated oligosaccharide, has been investigated as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
fucosylated oligosaccharide	decreased level	AFP-L3		alpha-Fetoproteins				monitoring	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms	transarterial embolization therapy	Humans	serum		24927126	Following one month of transarterial embolization therapy, the relative mean AFP-L3% decreased significantly.
P-selectin glycan ligands	increased level	PSGL-1		P-selectin ligand protein	C2GlcNAcT-1		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		psoriasis			humans	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	19665434	The latter cells also expressed higher levels of PSGL-1 modified by P-selectin glycan ligands; C2GlcNAcT-1 mRNA, a glycosyltransferase critical for such glycan synthesis; and more uniformly bound to P-selectin.
LewisX	unaltered level								nervous system disease			mouse	cerebellar granule cells	Cerebellum|Cytoplasmic Granules	29520715	These findings raise hopes that these LeX mimetics will be powerful tools for further studying the functions of LeX and its effects in acute and chronic nervous system disease models.
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	liver aging		liver transplantation	human	liver	Liver	27995756	the analysis of recipients plasma by N-glycans profiling, capable of assessing liver functions and biological age, showed that liver function recovered after transplants, independently of age-mismatch, and recipients apparently 'rejuvenated' according to their glycomic age.
sialyl-Lewis(x)	increased level	mucins			ST3Gal IV	ST3GAL4	beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		chronic bronchitis			human	bronchial mucosa	Bronchi|Mucous Membrane	22691873	Bronchial mucins from severely infected patients suffering from lung diseases such as chronic bronchitis or cystic fibrosis exhibit increased amounts of sialyl-Lewis(x) (NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4[Fucα1-3]GlcNAc-R, sLe(x)) glycan structures.
sialyl-Lewis(x)	increased level	mucins			ST3Gal IV	ST3GAL4	beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		cystic fibrosis			human	bronchial mucosa	Bronchi|Mucous Membrane	22691873	Bronchial mucins from severely infected patients suffering from lung diseases such as chronic bronchitis or cystic fibrosis exhibit increased amounts of sialyl-Lewis(x) (NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4[Fucα1-3]GlcNAc-R, sLe(x)) glycan structures.
6-sulfo-sialyl-Lewis(x)	increased level	mucins			ST3Gal IV	ST3GAL4	beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		cystic fibrosis			human	bronchial mucosa	Bronchi|Mucous Membrane	22691873	In cystic fibrosis, sLe(x) and its sulfated form 6-sulfo-sialyl-Lewis(x) (NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4[Fucα1-3](HO(3)S-6)GlcNAc-R, 6-sulfo-sLe(x)) serve as receptors for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and are involved in the chronicity of airway infection.
fully sialylated biantennary glycans	increased level	C4-binding protein	C4BPA	C4BPA protein, human|Complement C4b-Binding Protein				diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial|Ovarian Neoplasms		human	serum		29265394	Serum levels of fully sialylated C4-binding protein (FS-C4BP) are remarkably elevated in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and can be used as a marker to distinguish ovarian clear cell carcinoma from endometrioma.
fully sialylated biantennary glycans	increased level	C4-binding protein	C4BPA	C4BPA protein, human|Complement C4b-Binding Protein				diagnostic	ovarian clear cell carcinoma			human	serum		29265394	Serum levels of fully sialylated C4-binding protein (FS-C4BP) are remarkably elevated in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and can be used as a marker to distinguish ovarian clear cell carcinoma from endometrioma.
GPI-linked proteins	decreased level								paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria	Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal		Humans	Erythrocytes	Erythrocytes	7678519	Erythrocytes that do not express GPI-linked proteins, obtained from patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), release between 10% and 50% of the quantity of vesicles as normal cells in response to the Ca2+ ionophore A23187.
GPI-linked proteins	decreased level								paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria	Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal		Humans	Blood Platelets	Blood Platelets	7678519	Platelets from the same patients produced 10% to 20% of the amount of vesicles as normal platelets.
Sda antigenic structures|Cad antigenic structures	acquisition of structure	glycophorin		Glycoproteins	N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases		Cad erythrocytes			Humans	Kidney	Kidney	2425965	The enzyme might, therefore, be involved in the biosynthesis of Sda (and Cad) antigenic structures.
sialic acid	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	cervical carcinoma	Uterine Cervical Neoplasms	radiotherapy	Humans	serum		7698383	The glycan moieties such as sialic acid and fucose were significantly elevated even in the early stages of carcinoma, whereas a significant elevation in hexose and hexosamine levels was observed only in the advanced stages.
fucose	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	cervical carcinoma	Uterine Cervical Neoplasms	radiotherapy	Humans	serum		7698383	The glycan moieties such as sialic acid and fucose were significantly elevated even in the early stages of carcinoma, whereas a significant elevation in hexose and hexosamine levels was observed only in the advanced stages.
hexose	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	cervical carcinoma	Uterine Cervical Neoplasms	radiotherapy	Humans	serum		7698383	The glycan moieties such as sialic acid and fucose were significantly elevated even in the early stages of carcinoma, whereas a significant elevation in hexose and hexosamine levels was observed only in the advanced stages.
hexosamine	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	cervical carcinoma	Uterine Cervical Neoplasms	radiotherapy	Humans	serum		7698383	The glycan moieties such as sialic acid and fucose were significantly elevated even in the early stages of carcinoma, whereas a significant elevation in hexose and hexosamine levels was observed only in the advanced stages.
6-sulfo sialyl Lewis x	unaltered level	L-selectin		Sialyl Lewis X Antigen				predictive	Rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid	anti-6-sulfo sLe<sup>x</sup> monoclonal antibody (mAb), SF1	DBA/1 mice	synovial tissue		38064497	The interaction between L-selectin and its glycoprotein ligands modified with 6-sulfo sialyl Lewis x (6-sulfo sLe<sup>x</sup>) is known to mediate lymphocyte homing to initiate immune responses.
6-sulfo sialyl Lewis x	unaltered level	L-selectin		Sialyl Lewis X Antigen				predictive	Collagen-induced arthritis	Arthritis, Experimental	anti-6-sulfo sLe<sup>x</sup> monoclonal antibody (mAb), SF1	DBA/1 mice	synovial tissue		38064497	Herein, we explored the preventive effects of an anti-6-sulfo sLe<sup>x</sup> monoclonal antibody (mAb), SF1, on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in DBA/1 mice.
O-glycan	undetermined				O-glycopeptidase				gut barrier integrity			Humans	gut	Gastrointestinal Microbiome	32973204	Akkermansia muciniphila is a mucin-degrading bacterium commonly found in the human gut that promotes a beneficial effect on health, likely based on the regulation of mucus thickness and gut barrier integrity, but also on the modulation of the immune system.
O-linked oligosaccharides	undetermined	Glycoproteins		Glycoproteins											11791581	A new beta-elimination-based procedure has been devised for a microscale release of O-linked oligosaccharides from glycoproteins.
glycan at N386	acquisition of structure	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	lymph node|brain tissue	Kidney|Cell Line	18385254	However, a potential glycosylation site at residue N386 completely modulated b12 resistance but required the presence of an arginine at residue 373.
Thy1	increased level			Thy-1 Antigens				response	B-cell lymphoma	Lymphoma, B-Cell	anti-Thy1 monoclonal antibody	Humans	B-cell lymphoma cell lines	Lymphoma, B-Cell|Cell Line, Tumor	20403334	Using DNA array, flow cytometry and Western blotting, we found that Thy1 was highly expressed in EBV-positive Akata cells.
GlcA-GlcNH3+ on heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan	increased level							prognostic	mammary carcinomas	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	breast carcinoma specimens	Breast Neoplasms	21046235	The expressions of heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycans (HSGAGs) in breast carcinoma specimens from 60 patients were immunohistochemically investigated using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that recognized different epitopes of the glycan structure.
Galectin-3	increased level			Galectin 3				diagnostic	pilocytic astrocytomas			Humans	posterior fossa tumors	Infratentorial Neoplasms	20711594	All PAs and ependymomas strongly showed Gal-3 expression, whereas no immunostaining was observed in medulloblastomas and diffuse astrocytomas.
Galectin-3	increased level			Galectin 3				diagnostic	ependymomas			Humans	posterior fossa tumors	Infratentorial Neoplasms	20711594	All PAs and ependymomas strongly showed Gal-3 expression, whereas no immunostaining was observed in medulloblastomas and diffuse astrocytomas.
Galectin-3	unaltered level			Galectin 3				diagnostic	medulloblastomas			Humans	posterior fossa tumors	Infratentorial Neoplasms	20711594	All PAs and ependymomas strongly showed Gal-3 expression, whereas no immunostaining was observed in medulloblastomas and diffuse astrocytomas.
Galectin-3	unaltered level			Galectin 3				diagnostic	diffuse cerebellar astrocytomas			Humans	posterior fossa tumors	Infratentorial Neoplasms	20711594	All PAs and ependymomas strongly showed Gal-3 expression, whereas no immunostaining was observed in medulloblastomas and diffuse astrocytomas.
Galectin-3	increased level			Galectin 3				diagnostic	atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors			Humans	posterior fossa tumors	Infratentorial Neoplasms	20711594	In AT/RTs, Gal-3 expression was conspicuous but heterogeneous, being mainly observed in rhabdoid cells.
N- and O-linked glycosylation	altered level	spike glycoprotein		Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus|spike protein, SARS-CoV-2					COVID-19	COVID-19		Humans			32178593	We also predict the unique N- and O-linked glycosylation sites of spike glycoprotein that distinguish it from the SARS and underlines shielding and camouflage of COVID-19 from the host the defence system.
β-D-1,3-glucan	increased level							diagnostic	candidaemia	Candidemia	antifungal therapy	Humans	sera		24975380	BDG was detected early in sera from cases patients but was also present in several sera from controls.
mannan	increased level							diagnostic	candidaemia	Candidemia	antifungal therapy	Humans	sera		24975380	Detection of mannan was more specific but lacked sensitivity.
glycosylphosphatidylinositol moiety	acquisition of structure	carcinoembryonic antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen					colonic neoplasms	Colonic Neoplasms		humans	colonic cell line	Humans	3387431	Release of membrane-bound CEA from the CEA-expressing cell line LS 174T was shown by indirect immunofluorescence and flow cytometry after treatment with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C.
3'-sialyllactose	decreased level							diagnostic	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal		Humans	serum		31771041	The level of serum anti-3'-sialyllactose antibodies in pancreatic cancer subjects was significantly lower than that in healthy controls.
O-glycan	increased level	CD43|CD45RB		Leukosialin|Leukocyte Common Antigens	core 2 beta1-6 N-acetylglucosaminyl transferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		T cell activation	Lymphocyte Activation		mouse	CD8(+) T cells	CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	11739501	Through analysis of C2GnT1-dependent epitopes on CD43 and CD45RB we have found that in activated CD8(+) T cells expression of C2GnT1 was dependent upon exposure to specific cytokines rather than being induced as a direct consequence of activation.
P-selectin ligand	increased level				core 2 beta1-6 N-acetylglucosaminyl transferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		T cell activation	Lymphocyte Activation		mouse	CD8(+) T cells	CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	11739501	Activated CD8(+) cells became receptive to strong induction of C2GnT1 expression and P-selectin ligand expression in response to IL-2, moderate induction by IL-15, and minimal induction in response to IL-4.
O-linked glycans	altered level	EBAG9		EBAG9 protein, human				diagnostic	cancer	Adenocarcinoma|Carcinoma|Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|Colorectal Neoplasms|Lung Neoplasms|Mouth Neoplasms|Prostatic Neoplasms|Stomach Neoplasms		mouse	tissues	Tissue Distribution	15904507	However, using a cell-biological approach we identified EBAG9 as a Golgi-resident modulator of O-linked glycan expression, the latter product was then recognized by the 22-1-1 antibody.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	EBAG9		EBAG9 protein, human				diagnostic	cancer	Adenocarcinoma|Carcinoma|Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|Colorectal Neoplasms|Lung Neoplasms|Mouth Neoplasms|Prostatic Neoplasms|Stomach Neoplasms		mouse	tissues	Tissue Distribution	15904507	This raised the question if EBAG9 is tumor-specific and mediates apoptosis itself or through O-linked glycans generated, among them the cognate 22-1-1 antigen Tn.
globo-series GSLs (SSEA-3, SSEA-4, and Globo H)	altered level				B3GALT5		B3GALT5 protein, human		transition to human naïve pluripotency			human	embryonic stem cells	Embryonic Stem Cells	33087559	Here we showed a switch from globo-(SSEA-3, SSEA-4, and Globo H) and lacto-series (fucosyl-Lc4Cer) to neolacto-series GSLs (SSEA-1 and H type 2 antigen), along with marked down-regulation of β-1,3-galactosyltransferase (B3GALT5) upon conversion to naïve state.
lacto-series GSLs (fucosyl-Lc4Cer)	altered level				B3GALT5		B3GALT5 protein, human		transition to human naïve pluripotency			human	embryonic stem cells	Embryonic Stem Cells	33087559	Here we showed a switch from globo-(SSEA-3, SSEA-4, and Globo H) and lacto-series (fucosyl-Lc4Cer) to neolacto-series GSLs (SSEA-1 and H type 2 antigen), along with marked down-regulation of β-1,3-galactosyltransferase (B3GALT5) upon conversion to naïve state.
neolacto-series GSLs (SSEA-1 and H type 2 antigen)	altered level				B3GALT5		B3GALT5 protein, human		transition to human naïve pluripotency			human	embryonic stem cells	Embryonic Stem Cells	33087559	Here we showed a switch from globo-(SSEA-3, SSEA-4, and Globo H) and lacto-series (fucosyl-Lc4Cer) to neolacto-series GSLs (SSEA-1 and H type 2 antigen), along with marked down-regulation of β-1,3-galactosyltransferase (B3GALT5) upon conversion to naïve state.
complex N-glycans encompassing β1,2 xylose and α1,3 fucose glycoepitopes	unaltered level	glycoproteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	grass pollen allergy		allergen-specific immunotherapy	human	serum		21951299	Most allergens are glycoproteins bearing complex N-glycans encompassing β1,2 xylose and α1,3 fucose glycoepitopes.
complex N-glycans encompassing β1,2 xylose and α1,3 fucose glycoepitopes	unaltered level	glycoallergens						diagnostic	grass pollen allergy		allergen-specific immunotherapy	human	serum		21951299	In contrast, periodate treatment strongly impairs IgE recognition of glycoallergens in 25% of patients tested, demonstrating the presence of carbohydrate-specific IgE in those patients.
concanavalin A nonreactive and concanavalin A weakly reactive fractions	increased ratio	alpha 1-antichymotrypsin		alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin				diagnostic|monitoring	giant-cell arteritis	Giant Cell Arteritis	prednisone therapy	Humans	serum	Blood Sedimentation	2165887	Using crossed immunoaffinity electrophoresis with free concanavalin A in the first dimension, we studied the glycan microheterogeneity of alpha 1-antichymotrypsin in sera from patients with giant-cell arteritis and/or polymyalgia rheumatica, and its variation in the serum of several of these patients during induction of disease remission by prednisone therapy and possible further recurrence of giant-cell arteritis and/or polymyalgia rheumatica.
concanavalin A nonreactive and concanavalin A weakly reactive fractions	increased ratio	alpha 1-antichymotrypsin		alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin				diagnostic|monitoring	polymyalgia rheumatica	Polymyalgia Rheumatica	prednisone therapy	Humans	serum	Blood Sedimentation	2165887	Using crossed immunoaffinity electrophoresis with free concanavalin A in the first dimension, we studied the glycan microheterogeneity of alpha 1-antichymotrypsin in sera from patients with giant-cell arteritis and/or polymyalgia rheumatica, and its variation in the serum of several of these patients during induction of disease remission by prednisone therapy and possible further recurrence of giant-cell arteritis and/or polymyalgia rheumatica.
sialyl-Lewisx	decreased level	MUC7		MUC7 protein, human					burning mouth syndrome	Burning Mouth Syndrome		human	saliva		31414088	However, oligosaccharides sialyl-Lewisx (Si-Lex) was found to be reduced in samples from BMS patients.
sialyl-Tn	acquisition of structure	integrin beta1		Integrin beta1	ST6GalNAc I		CMP-N-acetylneuraminate-alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminide alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase		carcinomas	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate		Mice	murine carcinoma cells	Animals|Cell Line, Tumor	15383613	Sialyl-Tn (STn) is a tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen overexpressed in various carcinomas.
N-glycans	unaltered level	alpha1T-glycoprotein		Glycoproteins								human	plasma		9514662	Thus, alpha1T distinguishes itself by possessing five N-glycans, a finding reported here for the first time for the ALB family.
core 6-related epitope on core mucin glycans	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					colon adenocarcinomas	Colonic Neoplasms		Human	colon cancer tissues	Intestinal Mucosa	10070964	A10 epitope was carried on MUC1 derived from colon adenocarcinomas and probably on other mucin species, although not on MUC2 molecules.
SSEA-4	increased level							diagnostic	pluripotent state			human	embryonic stem cells	Pluripotent Stem Cells	16033656	We propose that TL, RCA and Con A may be used as markers that are associated with the pluripotent state of hESCs because binding percentages and binding localization of these lectins are similar to those of SSEA-4.
SSEA-4	unaltered level	FKBP4		Tacrolimus Binding Proteins					breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	MCF-7 cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	23574147	Here, we report the identification of an SSEA-4-binding protein in a breast cancer cell line, MCF-7.
TF-antigen	unaltered level	mucin		Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen				response	colorectal carcinoma	Colorectal Neoplasms		Chondrilla australiensis	DLD-1 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	39330281	When administered to DLD-1 cells, a colorectal carcinoma cell line expressing mucin-associated TF-antigen, hRTL could induce glycan-dependent cytotoxicity.
Mucin type O-glycan	altered level				Galnt2|Galnt12			diagnostic	autoimmune inner ear disease			mouse	serum		31115534	These 3 miRNAs may be involved in AIED by affecting inflammatory chemokine (miR‑10b‑3p‑C‑C motif chemokine 12), Wnt signaling (miR‑8112‑Wnt9b/Wnt 3a/Wnt2b) and Mucin type O‑glycan biosynthesis pathways (let‑7j‑Galnt2/Galnt12).
O-linked sialylated keratan sulfate	undetermined	DMBT1		DMBT1 protein, human					inflammation			Human	airway mucus layer		32791164	The immunoinhibitory receptor Siglec-8 on the surface of human eosinophils and mast cells binds to sialic acid-containing ligands in the local milieu, resulting in eosinophil apoptosis, inhibition of mast cell degranulation, and suppression of inflammation.
Lewis x	undetermined	DC-SIGN		DC-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin					Schistosoma mansoni infection	Schistosoma mansoni		Humans	Dendritic Cells	Dendritic Cells	12626400	We report that human dendritic cells bind SEAs through the C-type lectin dendritic cell-specific ICAM-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN).
phosphatidylinositol-glycans	unaltered level	CD1d1		Antigens, CD1d					Pig-A deficiency			mouse	Pig-A-deficient cells		11777966	Phosphatidylinositol also associated with CD1d1 in Pig-A-deficient cells that are defective in the first glycosylation step of glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis.
sialylated glycans	undetermined												membrane		28470743	In addition to antibody labelling of LAMP-1, bioorthogonal click labelling was used to localize soluble cysteine cathepsins or membrane-associated sialylated glycans.
variable region glycosylation	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies	Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis		Humans	serum		22404873	The level of variable region glycosylation of total IgG was significantly lower than that of affinity-purified MPO-ANCA (1.021 ± 0.201 vs. 1.434 ± 0.134, P = 0.004).
variable region glycosylation	altered level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies			Humans	serum		22404873	The level of variable region glycosylation of total IgG was significantly higher than that of affinity-purified anti-GBM antibodies (1.034 ± 0.340 vs. 0.734 ± 0.333, P = 0.007).
mucin type O-Glycan	altered level							prognostic	colorectal adenocarcinoma	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	colon		28187432	In addition, the correlative genes of LINC01555 and LINC01207 were enriched in the cAMP signaling and mucin type O-Glycan biosynthesis pathways.
alpha-1-acid glycoprotein	altered level	alpha-1-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid				diagnostic	cancer	Carcinoma|Leukemia|Neoplasms|Ovarian Neoplasms		human	sera		17022019	Electropherograms of AGP samples purified from sera of cancer patients and healthy donors are qualitatively and quantitatively compared.
O-linked glycosylation	altered level	Mucin1		Mucin-1					adenocarcinomas			Humans	peripheral blood mononuclear cells	Leukocytes, Mononuclear	20470225	Mucin1 (MUC1) with altered glycosylation behaves as an antigen unique to adenocarcinomas (ADCs).
glycosylated in the light chain variable region	unaltered level	chimeric LL2 (cLL2) antibody		Antibodies, Monoclonal				diagnostic|response	B cell lymphoma	Lymphoma, B-Cell	chimeric antibody as a potential therapeutic immunoconjugate	human	Raji cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	7737671	Like its murine counterpart, the chimeric LL2 (cLL2) antibody is glycosylated in the light chain variable region.
fucose	loss of structure	MBS301		Fucose				response	HER2-positive cancer		trastuzumab	Human	cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	30081724	Hence, a novel fully afucosylated anti-HER2 bispecific antibody with improved antitumor activities was generated and shown to have the potential to be used for treating HER2-positive but trastuzumab-resistant solid tumors.
glycosylated recombinant form of human IL-6	altered level	Interleukin-6		Interleukin-6				response	cancer		subcutaneous administration of recombinant glycosylated interleukin 6	Humans	serum		10805221	This is the first report of the serum profile of a glycosylated recombinant form of human IL-6 (rhIL-6) administered subcutaneously (1-10 microg/kg/day) in a phase I/II trial as a thrombopoietic agent in patients with advanced cancer.
class II molecules	decreased level								Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection	Mycobacterium tuberculosis|Tuberculosis		Humans	macrophages	Humans|Monocytes	9794422	MHC class II expression was examined in macrophages infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
glycoproteins	increased level	CD44		Glycoproteins				diagnostic|prognostic	bladder cancer	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	urine		29674052	Orthogonal validation studies by slot-blotting demonstrated an elevation in urine CD44 levels of high-grade patients, which became more pronounced upon muscle-invasion, in mimicry of the primary tumour.
Lewis(x) groups	undetermined	lactoferrin		Glycoproteins					inflammation			human	neutrophils	Neutrophils	21561871	Comparison of SRCL binding to neutrophil and milk lactoferrin indicates that the binding is dependent on cell-specific glycosylation in the neutrophils, as the milk form of the glycoprotein is a much poorer ligand.
Lewis(x) groups	undetermined	matrix metalloproteinases 8 and 9							inflammation			human	neutrophils	Neutrophils	21561871	A screen for glycoprotein ligands for SRCL using affinity chromatography on immobilized SRCL followed by mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis revealed that soluble glycoproteins from secondary granules of neutrophils, including lactoferrin and matrix metalloproteinases 8 and 9, are major ligands.
biantennary N-linked glycans	undetermined	DEC-205		DEC-205 receptor								mouse	dendritic cells|thymic epithelial cells	Dendritic Cells|	7553896	Lectin blotting and FACE analysis revealed heterogeneous biantennary N-linked glycans.
Galbeta1-->3GalNAc (T)	undetermined											Humans	erythrocyte membrane	Erythrocytes	15864746	The agglutinin isolated from the seeds of Maclura pomifera (MPA) recognizes a mucin-type disaccharide sequence, Galbeta1-->3GalNAc (T) on a human erythrocyte membrane.
GalNAcalpha1-->Ser/Thr (Tn)	undetermined											Humans	erythrocyte membrane	Erythrocytes	15864746	From the results, it is concluded that the high densities of polyvalent GalNAcalpha1-->Ser/Thr (Tn) and Galbeta1-->3GalNAcalpha1-->Ser/Thr (T(alpha)) glycotopes in macromolecules are the most critical factors for MPA binding, being on a nanogram basis 2.0 x 10(5), 4.6 x 10(4) and 3.9 x 10(4) more active than monovalent Gal, monomeric T and Tn glycotope, respectively.
Galbeta1-->3GalNAcalpha1-->Ser/Thr (T(alpha))	undetermined											Humans	erythrocyte membrane	Erythrocytes	15864746	From the results, it is concluded that the high densities of polyvalent GalNAcalpha1-->Ser/Thr (Tn) and Galbeta1-->3GalNAcalpha1-->Ser/Thr (T(alpha)) glycotopes in macromolecules are the most critical factors for MPA binding, being on a nanogram basis 2.0 x 10(5), 4.6 x 10(4) and 3.9 x 10(4) more active than monovalent Gal, monomeric T and Tn glycotope, respectively.
sialyl-Lewis X	increased level	ceruloplasmin		Ceruloplasmin				diagnostic	pancreatic adenocarcinoma	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	serum		25595436	N-glycan sequencing of CP confirmed the increase of sLe(x) levels in CP in PDAC patients.
sialyl-Lewis X	increased level	ceruloplasmin		Ceruloplasmin					chronic pancreatitis	Pancreatitis, Chronic		Humans	serum		25595436	Previously, we identified acute-phase proteins with increased sLe(x) in both PDAC and in chronic pancreatitis patients.
alpha-L-fucose	decreased level				alpha-L-fucosidase-1	FUCA1	FUCA1 protein, human|alpha-L-Fucosidase	diagnostic	oral squamous cell carcinoma	Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck		Human	head and neck tumors	Humans|Mouth Neoplasms|Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck	30729618	FUCA1 was expressed in most MECs irrespective of histopathological grading, whereas expression in OSCCs was low.
alpha-L-fucose	unaltered level				alpha-L-fucosidase-1	FUCA1	FUCA1 protein, human|alpha-L-Fucosidase	diagnostic	mucoepidermoid carcinoma	Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid		Human	head and neck tumors	Humans|Mouth Neoplasms|Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck	30729618	FUCA1 was expressed in most MECs irrespective of histopathological grading, whereas expression in OSCCs was low.
tyvelose capped, Lewis-x like tetrasaccharide epitope	undetermined								Trichinella spiralis	Trichinella spiralis		Animals	cell surface		9007282	Chemical synthesis and high resolution NMR studies are reported for the tetrasaccharide epitope and constituent structures that occur as terminal elements of Trichinella spiralis cell surface glycans.
Thomsen-Friedenreich (Tf) antigen	acquisition of structure	Mucin-1		Mucin-1				response	melanoma		Qβ-MUC1-Tf vaccination	MUC1 transgenic mice	B16-MUC1 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	31498587	Antibodies induced by Qβ-MUC1-Tf showed strongest binding, with MUC1-expressing melanoma B16-MUC1 cells, and effectively killed these cells in vitro.
Sialyl Thomsen-nouveau (STn) antigen	acquisition of structure	Mucin-1		Mucin-1				response	lung metastasis	Lung Neoplasms	Qβ-MUC1-Tf vaccination	MUC1 transgenic mice	lungs		31498587	Vaccination with Qβ-MUC1-Tf first followed by tumor challenge in a lung metastasis model showed significant reductions of the number of tumor foci in the lungs of immunized mice as compared to those in control mice.
sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-type lectins 9 (Siglec-9)	increased level	Siglec-9		SIGLEC9 protein, human|Sialic Acid Binding Immunoglobulin-like Lectins					chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive		human	alveolar and peripheral blood neutrophil	Neutrophils	28860481	In this study, we showed that Siglec-9 expression in alveolar and peripheral blood neutrophil were increased in COPD patients by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry, respectively.
soluble Siglec-9 (sSiglec-9)	increased level	Siglec-9		SIGLEC9 protein, human|Sialic Acid Binding Immunoglobulin-like Lectins					chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive		human	plasma		28860481	Plasma levels of sSiglelc-9 were elevated in COPD patients by ELISA.
N-linked glycan	altered level	vitronectin		Vitronectin				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	plasma		19899825	Additionally, we characterized alterations in the glycan structures of vitronectin (Asn-169, 242) and antithrombin III (Asn-225) that were identified in HCC patient plasma.
N-linked glycan	altered level	antithrombin III		Antithrombin III				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	plasma		19899825	Additionally, we characterized alterations in the glycan structures of vitronectin (Asn-169, 242) and antithrombin III (Asn-225) that were identified in HCC patient plasma.
sialic acid	loss of structure				C. perfringens neuraminidase		Neuraminidase	response	leukemia			Nalm-6 xenograft model	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	34813961	In a Nalm-6 xenograft model of leukemia, CAR T cells expressing CpNA show enhanced antitumor efficacy.
sialic acid	loss of structure				C. perfringens neuraminidase		Neuraminidase	response	glioblastoma			xenograft model	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	34813961	Arming CAR T cells with CpNA also enhanced tumor control in xenograft models of glioblastoma as well as a syngeneic model of melanoma.
sialic acid	loss of structure				C. perfringens neuraminidase		Neuraminidase	response	melanoma			syngeneic model	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	34813961	Arming CAR T cells with CpNA also enhanced tumor control in xenograft models of glioblastoma as well as a syngeneic model of melanoma.
O-glycan	altered level							prognostic	lung adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma of Lung		Humans	lung tissue	Lung Neoplasms	38369265	CANT1-related genes in LUAD mainly participated in the pathway of dorso ventral axis formation, small cell lung cancer, DNA replication, O-glycan biosynthesis, and cell cycle.
sialylated core 1 type O-glycans	acquisition of structure	APP770		Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor				diagnostic	Alzheimer disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	brain endothelial cells	Brain	20952385	Furthermore, we found that the endothelial APP770 had sialylated core 1 type O-glycans.
sialylated core 1 type O-glycans	acquisition of structure	APP770		Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor				diagnostic	vascular dementia			Humans	brain endothelial cells	Brain	20952385	Because we were able to detect O-glycosylated sAPP770β in human cerebrospinal fluid, this unique soluble APP770β has the potential to serve as a marker for cortical dementias such as AD and vascular dementia.
glycan structure	altered level	Immunoglobulin A		Immunoglobulin A				diagnostic	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal|Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	gastrointestinal lavage fluid	Intestines	29926273	Results demonstrated characteristic reactivity in the PDAC sample group to a glycan structure.
glycan structure	unaltered level	Immunoglobulin A		Immunoglobulin A				diagnostic	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	gastrointestinal lavage fluid	Intestines	29926273	Non-PDAC conditions included samples from healthy patients and the potentially confounding conditions of colon cancer and its precancerous lesion, colon adenoma.
glycan structure	unaltered level	Immunoglobulin A		Immunoglobulin A				diagnostic	colon adenoma	Adenoma|Precancerous Conditions		Humans	gastrointestinal lavage fluid	Intestines	29926273	Non-PDAC conditions included samples from healthy patients and the potentially confounding conditions of colon cancer and its precancerous lesion, colon adenoma.
Cat-315 epitope	increased level	aggrecan							age-related decline in brain functions		memantine	mice	hippocampus	Brain	28271508	Western blot analysis showed that the expression levels of Cat-315 epitope in the hippocampus were higher in middle-aged (MA, 12-month-old) mice than in young adult (YA, 2-month-old) mice.
Cat-315 epitope	unaltered level	aggrecan							age-related decline in brain functions		memantine	mice	hippocampus	Brain	28271508	Although there were no differences in the expression levels of Cat-315 epitope between old age (OA, 20-month-old) and MA mice, Cat-315 immunoreactivity was also detected in astrocytes of OA mice.
Cat-315 epitope	increased level	aggrecan							age-related decline in brain functions		memantine	mice	dorsal hippocampus		28271508	Fluorescence intensity analysis indicated that Cat-315 immunoreactivity in PNNs increased with age in the dorsal hippocampus, which is mainly involved in cognitive functions.
Cat-315 epitope	decreased level	aggrecan							age-related decline in brain functions		memantine	mice	hippocampus	Brain	28271508	Administration of an open-channel blocker of NMDA receptor, memantine, reduced the expression levels of Cat-315 epitope in the hippocampus.
phosphatidylinositol glycan (PI-G) anchor	acquisition of structure	Carcinoembryonic Antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen				diagnostic	colonic tumor			Chinese hamster|mouse	Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells|L-cells (mouse fibroblasts)	Ovary|L Cells	2317824	Complementary DNA clones coding for both carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a well characterized colonic tumor marker, and nonspecific cross-reacting antigen (NCA), a related antigen, were expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and L-cells (mouse fibroblasts).
α2,3-linked N-sialyllactose polymer	undetermined								macrophage modulation			mouse	RAW 264.7 cell line	RAW 264.7 Cells	32835658	With this approach, we identified that α2,3-linked N-sialyllactose polymer has significant macrophage modulation activity among the N-glycan polymers tested.
glycosyl phosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins	decreased level								paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria	Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal		human	granulocytes	Granulocytes	28151558	The aetiology of paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH) is a somatic mutation in the X-linked phosphatidylinositol glycan class A gene (PIGA), resulting in global deficiency of glycosyl phosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins (GPI-APs).
N-linked glycan	loss of structure	gp120							HIV-1 resistance	HIV Infections|HIV-1	ibalizumab	Humans			24097413	However, HIV-1 strains with mutations resulting in loss of an N-linked glycan from the V5 loop of the envelope glycoprotein gp120 are resistant to ibalizumab.
N-linked glycan	acquisition of structure	ibalizumab		ibalizumab					HIV-1 resistance	HIV Infections|HIV-1	ibalizumab	Humans			24097413	If this void contributes to HIV-1 resistance to ibalizumab, we reasoned that 'refilling' it by engineering an N-linked glycan into the ibalizumab light chain at a position spatially proximal to gp120 V5 may restore susceptibility to ibalizumab.
N-acetylneuraminic acid	undetermined	bovine fetuin		Glycoproteins	neuraminic acid aldolase		Oxo-Acid-Lyases|N-acetylneuraminate lyase					Cattle		Animals	9751791	N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), a major component of most mammalian glycoproteins, was converted in a fast specific reaction by the action of neuraminic acid aldolase (N-acylneuraminate pyruvate-lyase EC 4.1.3.3) to N-acetylmannosamine (ManNAc) and pyruvate.
mannose receptor	unaltered level											mouse	salivary gland|thyroid|pancreas		15701168	MR positive cells in salivary gland, thyroid and pancreas coexpressed MHC class II and the myeloid markers macrosialin and sialoadhesin, but not the dendritic cell markers CD11c or DEC-205.
glycan	altered level	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|gp120 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1					HIV-1 infection	HIV-1		Humans		Humans	20616231	A shift from the CD4-defined orientation, however, focuses VRC01 onto the vulnerable site of initial CD4 attachment, allowing it to overcome the glycan and conformational masking that diminishes the neutralization potency of most CD4-binding-site antibodies.
phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor	altered level				phosphatidylinositol glycan-class A protein		phosphatidylinositol glycan-class A protein		Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria	Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal		Humans	hematopoietic stem cells	Hematopoietic Stem Cells	32716556	Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an acquired hematological disorder arising in the context of clonal expansion of hematopoietic stem cells harboring a somatic mutation in phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis, class A.
fucoidan	decreased level	Ly-49C		Antigens, Ly					Ly-49C-mediated cell adhesion			COS cells	target cell surface	Cell Line	7730344	The sulfated glycans fucoidan, lambda-carrageenan, and dextran sulfate were found to be potent inhibitors of Ly-49C-mediated cell adhesion, whereas other polysaccharides of similar size, charge, or sulfate content were noninhibitory.
lambda-carrageenan	decreased level	Ly-49C		Antigens, Ly					Ly-49C-mediated cell adhesion			COS cells	target cell surface	Cell Line	7730344	The sulfated glycans fucoidan, lambda-carrageenan, and dextran sulfate were found to be potent inhibitors of Ly-49C-mediated cell adhesion, whereas other polysaccharides of similar size, charge, or sulfate content were noninhibitory.
dextran sulfate	decreased level	Ly-49C		Antigens, Ly					Ly-49C-mediated cell adhesion			COS cells	target cell surface	Cell Line	7730344	The sulfated glycans fucoidan, lambda-carrageenan, and dextran sulfate were found to be potent inhibitors of Ly-49C-mediated cell adhesion, whereas other polysaccharides of similar size, charge, or sulfate content were noninhibitory.
CA19-9	increased level			CA-19-9 Antigen	FUT3|FUT2	FUT3|FUT2	Galactoside 2-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase|3-galactosyl-N-acetylglucosaminide 4-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase	diagnostic	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal		Humans	serum		38457748	CA19-9 levels in FUT3-null/FUT2-null PDAC subjects were higher than in FUT3-null/FUT2-intact subjects (median/IQR; 24.9/57.4 v <1/2.3 U/mL; P = .0044).
DUPAN-2	altered level			DU-PAN-2 antigen, human	FUT3|FUT2	FUT3|FUT2	Galactoside 2-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase|3-galactosyl-N-acetylglucosaminide 4-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase	diagnostic	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal		Humans	serum		38457748	Combining FUT/CA19-9 and FUT/DUPAN-2 tests yielded 78.4% (72.3 to 83.7) sensitivity for stage I/II PDAC, at 97.7% (95.3 to 99.1) specificity in the combined sets, with higher AUC (stage I/II: 0.960 v 0.935 for CA19-9 + DUPAN-2 without the FUT test; P < .001); for stage I PDAC, sensitivity was 62.0% (49.1 to 73.2; AUC, 0.919 v 0.883; P = .03).
mucin O-glycosylation	altered level	Mucin-1|Mucin-2|Mucin-3|Mucin-6		Mucin-1|Mucin-2|Mucin-3|Mucin-6					inflammatory bowel diseases	Inflammatory Bowel Diseases		mouse	intestinal mucus	Mucus	25974250	We showed that the mucus gel was more robust and that mucin O-glycosylation was altered.
MUC-1	altered level	MUC-1		Mucin-1					T-cell lymphoma	Lymphoma, T-Cell		Human|Mouse	T-lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	11453661	"Two mucin-type glycoproteins, MUC-1 and P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1), and glycosphingolipids (GSLs), expressed in human T-cell line HUT78, were highly enriched in low-density buoyant fraction (termed ""GEM""), together with CD45, Yes, Fyn, and lck(56)."
PSGL-1	altered level	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1		P-selectin ligand protein					T-cell lymphoma	Lymphoma, T-Cell		Human|Mouse	T-lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	11453661	"Two mucin-type glycoproteins, MUC-1 and P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1), and glycosphingolipids (GSLs), expressed in human T-cell line HUT78, were highly enriched in low-density buoyant fraction (termed ""GEM""), together with CD45, Yes, Fyn, and lck(56)."
bifucosylated tetra-antennary glycan	acquisition of structure	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	serum		31964615	Haptoglobin bifucosylated tetra-antennary glycan have been identified in patients with early stage hepatocellular carcinoma, but its specificity according to the presence or not of cirrhosis has never been assessed.
N-glycosylation	altered level	PD-L1		B7-H1 Antigen|CD274 protein, human|Cd274 protein, mouse				response	basal-like breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	PD-1 blockade	mouse	syngeneic mouse models	Mice|Mice, Inbred BALB C	27572267	We also demonstrate that epidermal growth factor (EGF) stabilizes PD-L1 via GSK3β inactivation in basal-like breast cancer.
highly mannosylated structures	unaltered level	gp120		Receptors, HIV				response	HIV-1 infection	HIV Infections|HIV-1	Dendron 12	Human	cervical tissues	Cervix Uteri	22045343	Dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-3 grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) participates in the initial stages of sexually transmitted HIV-1 infection by recognizing highly mannosylated structures presented in multiple copies on HIV-1 gp120 and promoting virus dissemination.
6-sulfo LacNAc	acquisition of structure	P selectin glycoprotein ligand 1		P-selectin ligand protein				diagnostic	inflammation	Inflammation		Humans	dendritic cells	Dendritic Cells	12354382	Here we identify the M-DC8 structure as 6-sulfo LacNAc, a novel carbohydrate modification of the P selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1).
glycosylation	altered level	trastuzumab		Trastuzumab				response	hematopoietic tumors			human	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	25086226	This robust assay is able to measure antibody potency for several therapeutic antibodies targeted to hematopoietic or solid tumors.
glycosylation	altered level	trastuzumab		Trastuzumab				response	solid tumors			human	tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	25086226	This robust assay is able to measure antibody potency for several therapeutic antibodies targeted to hematopoietic or solid tumors.
sialomucin	altered level	CD164		CD164 protein, human|Endolyn					hemopoietic progenitor cell proliferation			human	CD34+ cell subsets in bone marrow	Hematopoietic Stem Cells	10878358	The novel sialomucin, CD164, functions as both an adhesion receptor on human CD34+ cell subsets in bone marrow and as a potent negative regulator of CD34+ hemopoietic progenitor cell proliferation.
LCA-binding glycan on alpha-fetoprotein	altered level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Human	serum		7506988	Lectin-affinity analyses with Lens culinaris agglutinin (LCA) and other lectins have demonstrated that the glycosylation of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) secreted by hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) is frequently altered when the serum AFP concentration is increased.
LCA-binding glycan on alpha-fetoprotein	altered level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	chronic hepatitis	Hepatitis, Chronic		Human	serum		7506988	There was a significant increase in LCA-binding AFP in patients with chronic hepatitis (10-24%) and hereditary tyrosinemia (5-35%).
LCA-binding glycan on alpha-fetoprotein	altered level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	hereditary tyrosinemia	Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn Errors		Human	serum		7506988	There was a significant increase in LCA-binding AFP in patients with chronic hepatitis (10-24%) and hereditary tyrosinemia (5-35%).
deglycosylated ricin A chain	acquisition of structure								non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphoma	Lymphoma, B-Cell	anti-CD19 deglycosylated ricin A chain immunotoxin	Humans			8680651	In a phase I trial, eight patients with non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphoma received mouse IgG1k monoclonal antibody HD37 specific for CD19 conjugated to deglycosylated ricin A chain (dgA) administered in four doses at 4-h intervals with total doses ranging from 4-12 mg/m2.
O-GalNAcylation	altered level	BMP receptor 1A		BMPR1A protein, human|Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors, Type I	GALNT8		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases|Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase	prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast cancer cell	Cell Line, Tumor	34743989	These findings suggest that GALNT8 expression and abnormal O-GalNAcylation of BMPR1A increase ERα expression and suppress breast cancer cell proliferation by modulating the BMP signaling pathway.
glycosylphosphatidylinositol	undetermined	CD59		CD59 Antigens					prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	PC-3 cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	15466889	Interestingly, the prostasome fraction isolated from the culture supernatant of PC-3 cells consisted mainly of 30-130 nm cup-shaped vesicles that were positive for MAL, caveolin-1 and CD59, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein previously found in prostasomes.
Carbohydrates	undetermined											Sambucus sieboldiana	bark tissue	Plant Bark	15115776	Carbohydrate binding specificity and biological activity of these lectins are also reported.
hyposialylated CD43	altered level	CD43	SPN	Leukosialin|SPN protein, human				diagnostic	HIV-1 infection	HIV Infections|HIV-1		Humans	CEM cells	Cell Line	7662977	Among them, hyposialylated CD43 has been shown to be a target for autoantibodies in up to 47% of HIV+ individuals.
mogly CD43	altered level	CD43	SPN	Leukosialin|SPN protein, human				diagnostic	HIV-1 infection	HIV Infections|HIV-1		Humans	CEM cells	Cell Line	7662977	Recently, we have observed in vitro that HIV-1 productively or latently infected CEM cells (CEMLAI/NP) express CD43 molecules with modified glycosylation (mogly CD43).
Glycosylation	altered level							risk	diabetes		therapeutic UPR modulation	human	pancreatic β cells	Insulin-Secreting Cells	26389675	We also confirmed that the UPR regulates proliferation of human β cells, suggesting that therapeutic UPR modulation has potential to expand β cell mass in people at risk for diabetes.
N463 glycan	altered level	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|gp120 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans			25751231	The data indicate that N463 plays an important role in regulating the CD4bs MAbs VRC01/VRC03 sensitivity in the genetic background of N197D mutation of gp120, which should provide valuable information for a better understanding of the interplay between HIV-1 and VRC01/03.
O-GlcNAcylation	increased level	E-cadherin		CDH1 protein, human	O-GlcNAc transferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|O-GlcNAc transferase		ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	ovarian cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	23524144	We found that total O-GlcNAcylation level was elevated in HO-8910PM cells compared to OVCAR3 cells.
O-GlcNAcylation	decreased level	E-cadherin		CDH1 protein, human	O-GlcNAc transferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|O-GlcNAc transferase		ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	ovarian cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	23524144	Furthermore, we also found that the expression of E-cadherin, an O-GlcNAcylated protein in ovarian cancer cells, was reduced by OGA inhibition in OVCAR3 cells and elevated by OGT silencing in HO-8910PM cells.
mucin glycosylation	altered level	MUC2|MUC3|MUC4		Muc2 protein, rat|Muc4 protein, rat|Mucin-2|Mucin-4	sialyltransferase 4c|3O-sulfotransferase 1|3O-sulfotransferase 2		Sialyltransferases|Sulfotransferases|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		Nippostrongylus brasiliensis infection	Nippostrongylus|Strongylida Infections		rat	intestinal epithelium	Intestinal Mucosa	16689826	Among the genes investigated, mucin core peptide (MUC) 2, sialyltransferase (Siat) 4c and trefoil factor family (TFF) 3 were upregulated as early as 2-4 days post-infection, suggesting that they are associated with an early innate protective response.
laminin	altered level			Laminin					disease			human	brain	Brain	11288143	The observed differences between the isoforms of laminin in brain and spinal cord neurons and glial cells may result from primary structural changes or from posttranslational modifications, e.g., variations in glycosylation.
laminin	altered level			Laminin					trauma			human	brain	Brain	11288143	The observed differences between the isoforms of laminin in brain and spinal cord neurons and glial cells may result from primary structural changes or from posttranslational modifications, e.g., variations in glycosylation.
N-glycosylation	decreased level	GLP-1R		Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor				diagnostic	Diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental		Rats	rat aortic endothelial cells|rat vascular smooth muscle cells	Endothelial Cells|Muscle, Smooth, Vascular	29656185	Our results showed that N-glycosylation levels in both rat aortic endothelial cells (RAOECs) and rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) decreased gradually following glucose treatment in a concentration dependant manner.
N-glycosylation	increased level	GLP-1R		Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor				response	Vascular restenosis	Coronary Restenosis	SERP1 injection	Rats	carotid artery	Carotid Arteries	29656185	Importantly, intima media thickness (IMT) and neointimal hyperplasia were alleviated in the carotid artery of diabetic rats injected with SERP1 following balloon injury.
Glycosylation	undetermined								Neurodegenerative Diseases	Neurodegenerative Diseases		Humans	Blood Platelets	Blood Platelets	33643311	The currently available antibodies raised against TrkB and p75<sup>NTR</sup> should therefore be used with caution to study platelets as models for neurological disorders.
T antigen	decreased level				B3GNT3		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-N--acetylglucosaminyltransferase T3	prognostic	neuroblastoma	Neuroblastoma		Humans	tumor tissues	Cell Line, Tumor	24118321	B3GNT3 overexpression suppresses T antigen formation and malignant phenotypes including migration and invasion of SK-N-SH cells, whereas B3GNT3 knockdown enhances these phenotypes of SK-N-SH cells.
asparagine-linked carbohydrates	loss of structure	H-2Dd		Histocompatibility Antigen H-2D					leukemia			mouse	leukemic cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9725224	These mutant Dd cDNAs were transfected into leukemic cell lines, and the binding of the transfected cells to COS cells expressing Ly-49A or Ly-49C, as well as their susceptibility to lysis by Ly-49A+ NK cells, was examined.
high-affinity glycan ligand of the inhibitory receptor CD33	undetermined	CD33		CD33 protein, human|Cd33 protein, mouse|Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3				response	anaphylaxis	Anaphylaxis	allergen immunotherapy	Tg mice	mast cells	Mast Cells	30645205	Here, we demonstrated that liposomal nanoparticles bearing an allergen and a high-affinity glycan ligand of the inhibitory receptor CD33 profoundly suppressed IgE-mediated activation of mast cells, prevented anaphylaxis in Tg mice with mast cells expressing human CD33, and desensitized mice to subsequent allergen challenge for several days.
high-affinity glycan ligand of the inhibitory receptor CD33	undetermined	CD33		CD33 protein, human|Cd33 protein, mouse|Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3				response	bronchoconstriction	Bronchoconstriction	allergen immunotherapy	human	lung		30645205	We showed that high levels of CD33 were consistently expressed on human skin mast cells and that the antigenic liposomes with CD33 ligand prevented IgE-mediated bronchoconstriction in slices of human lung.
O-glycosylated mucins	decreased level	MUC1|MUC16		Mucin-1|MUC16 protein, human	C1GALT1	C1GALT1	C1GALT1 protein, human		increased epithelial permeability			Human	epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	19556244	Similarly, down-regulation of mucin O-glycosylation using a stable tetracycline-inducible RNA interfering system to knockdown c1galt1 (T-synthase), a critical galactosyltransferase required for the synthesis of core 1 O-glycans, resulted in decreased cell surface O-glycosylation, reduced cell surface galectin-3, and increased epithelial permeability.
N-linked glycans	loss of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV	HIV-1			Cell culture	Cell Line	8973529	We have constructed a mutated infectious HIV variant lacking the signals for addition of three N-linked glycans situated in the V4, C4 and V5 regions of HIV gp120.
glycan motifs	undetermined	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1 transmission			Humans	Langerhans cells		25650933	Langerin, a trimeric C-type lectin specifically expressed in Langerhans cells, has been reported to be a pathogen receptor through the recognition of glycan motifs by its three carbohydrate recognition domains (CRD).
anti-mannobioside IgG antibodies	increased level							diagnostic|risk	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease		Humans	serum		25895876	The positivity of at least one anti-glycan antibody was detected in a significant higher proportion of CD and UC compared with healthy controls [p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0007, respectively].
anti-chitobioside IgA	increased level							diagnostic|risk	ulcerative colitis	Colitis, Ulcerative		Humans	serum		25895876	The positivity of at least one anti-glycan antibody was detected in a significant higher proportion of CD and UC compared with healthy controls [p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0007, respectively].
anti-laminaribioside IgG antibodies	increased level							diagnostic|risk	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease		Humans	serum		25895876	The positivity of at least one anti-glycan antibody was detected in a significant higher proportion of CD and UC compared with healthy controls [p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0007, respectively].
anti-laminarin	increased level							diagnostic|risk	ulcerative colitis	Colitis, Ulcerative		Humans	serum		25895876	The positivity of at least one anti-glycan antibody was detected in a significant higher proportion of CD and UC compared with healthy controls [p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0007, respectively].
anti-chitine	increased level							diagnostic|risk	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease		Humans	serum		25895876	The positivity of at least one anti-glycan antibody was detected in a significant higher proportion of CD and UC compared with healthy controls [p < 0.0001 and p < 0.0007, respectively].
core 2 branched O-glycans	increased level				core 2 beta1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase	prognostic	pulmonary adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma|Lung Neoplasms		Humans	lung cancer cells	Lung Neoplasms	11280791	Statistical analysis between the C2GnT mRNA expressed in pulmonary adenocarcinoma and clinicopathological variables revealed that the expression of C2GnT was correlated with vessel invasion and lymph node metastasis with significant difference (P < 0.05), but expression of sialyl Le(x), which is frequently expressed in the adenocarcinoma, was not significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis.
3'-sialyl-N-acetyllactosamine	unaltered level	Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus		Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus					Influenza, Human	Influenza, Human		Humans			20824086	Glycan microarray results reveal that NY107 maintains an avian-type (alpha2-3) receptor binding profile, with only moderate binding to human-type (alpha2-6) receptor.
6'-sialyl-N-acetyllactosamine	unaltered level	Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus		Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus					Influenza, Human	Influenza, Human		Humans			20824086	Glycan microarray results reveal that NY107 maintains an avian-type (alpha2-3) receptor binding profile, with only moderate binding to human-type (alpha2-6) receptor.
sialyllacto-N-tetraose b	unaltered level	Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus		Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus					Influenza, Human	Influenza, Human		Humans			20824086	Glycan microarray results reveal that NY107 maintains an avian-type (alpha2-3) receptor binding profile, with only moderate binding to human-type (alpha2-6) receptor.
N-Glycan	altered level								gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	gastric tissue		37608794	Furthermore, we have identified several metabolic pathways, including D-Glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism and N-Glycan biosynthesis, among others, that played important roles in the occurrence and progression of GC, in addition to the six other metabolic pathways.
sialyl Lewis(x)	increased level								inflammatory disease			mouse	cremaster		9427700	We demonstrate that leukocyte rolling velocity in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha)-stimulated mouse cremaster is increased following treatment with either sLe(x) or the sLe(x)-mimetic CGP69669A and that rolling is dramatically reduced if CGP69669A is applied in the presence of anti-P-selectin antibody.
alpha 2-->8-linked disialylated poly-N-acetyllactosamine	undetermined	54K glycoprotein		Sialoglycoproteins								rainbow trout	ovarian fluid	Ovary	9134426	The Pronase digestion of a 54K glycoprotein present in ovarian fluid of rainbow trout yielded a major glycopeptide.
glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) glycan	undetermined	CD48		CD48 Antigen|CD48 protein, human					interleukin-18-induced interferon-gamma production	Interferon-gamma		human	KG-1 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	15760905	We found that IL-18 and IL-18Ralpha bind to glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) glycan via the third mannose 6-phosphate diester and the second beta-GlcNAc-deleted mannose 6-phosphate of GPI glycan, respectively.
N-linked sialoglycoproteins	increased level	integrinβ3|CD44		Integrin beta3|CD44 protein, human	ST6Gal1		ST6GAL1 protein, human		megakaryocytic differentiation			human	HEL cells		26733198	Furthermore, this analysis enabled the identification of increased surface expression of several sialylated cell adhesion molecules, including the known megakaryocytic markers integrinβ3 and CD44, upon differentiation of HEL cells to adherent megakaryocytes.
O-linked sialoglycoproteins	increased level	integrinβ3|CD44		Integrin beta3|CD44 protein, human	ST3Gal1		beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		megakaryocytic differentiation			human	HEL cells		26733198	Furthermore, this analysis enabled the identification of increased surface expression of several sialylated cell adhesion molecules, including the known megakaryocytic markers integrinβ3 and CD44, upon differentiation of HEL cells to adherent megakaryocytes.
GalNAcalpha1-O-Ser/Thr (Tn)	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic|response	cancer	Neoplasms	immunodiagnostic and therapeutic measures	human	cell membrane		17050588	The cell membrane mucin MUC1 is over-expressed and aberrantly glycosylated in many cancers, and cancer-associated MUC1 glycoforms represent potential targets for immunodiagnostic and therapeutic measures.
NeuAcalpha2-6GalNAcalpha1-O-Ser/Thr (STn)	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic|response	cancer	Neoplasms	immunodiagnostic and therapeutic measures	human	cell membrane		17050588	The cell membrane mucin MUC1 is over-expressed and aberrantly glycosylated in many cancers, and cancer-associated MUC1 glycoforms represent potential targets for immunodiagnostic and therapeutic measures.
fucosylated oligosaccharides	increased level							predictive	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		Humans	serum	Blood Proteins	15899650	Fucosylated oligosaccharides were observed in higher amounts in cancer sera when compared to sera from healthy individuals in all bands analyzed.
fucosylated oligosaccharides	increased level	alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein|haptoglobin		Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins				predictive	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		Humans	serum	Blood Proteins	15899650	Glycoproteins of a molecular mass of 29 kDa appear to carry more fucose residues than the 42-kDa band, comprising alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein and haptoglobin.
fucosylated oligosaccharides	increased level							predictive	non-small-cell lung cancer			Humans	serum	Blood Proteins	15899650	Glycans of the 26-kDa band were fucosylated to a higher extent in non-small-cell vs. small-cell lung cancer.
Lewis(X)	acquisition of structure							response	melanoma		intradermal vaccination	human	CD14(+) dermal dendritic cells		25885805	Intradermal vaccination of liposomes modified with the DC-SIGN-targeting glycan Lewis(X), containing melanoma antigens (MART-1 or Gp100), accumulated in CD14(+) dDCs and resulted in enhanced Gp100- or MART-1-specific CD8(+) T-cell responses.
sialic acid	increased level								cancer	Neoplasms, Experimental	3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) treatment	human	K562 cells	K562 Cells	26086216	The results showed that the expression of SA moieties on K562 cells was increased by 18% and 31% after treatment with 20 and 40 μM AZT, respectively.
sialyl Lewis x	undetermined	GlyCAM-1|CD34			alpha (1,3)fucosyltransferase VII				lymphocyte adhesion			rat	lymph node high endothelium	Lymph Nodes|Endothelium, Lymphatic	9209485	We show here that glycosylated cell adhesion molecule-1 (GlyCAM-1), CD34, and sialyl Lewis x (sLex) are present on rat lymph node high endothelium analyzed by using monoclonal antibodies.
sialyl Lewis x	undetermined				alpha (1,3)fucosyltransferase VII				lymphocyte adhesion			rat	lymph node high endothelium	Lymph Nodes|Endothelium, Lymphatic	9209485	The branched and linear forms of tetravalent sLex were clearly superior inhibitors of the L-selectin-dependent lymphocyte adhesion, with IC50 values in low nanomolar range.
sulphated glycans	undetermined	Mannose Receptor		Mannose Receptor					splenic function			human	spleen	Spleen	16056240	Our results suggest an unexpected contribution of MR to splenic function through the recognition of sulphated ligands that could influence the filtering capability of this organ.
487LeX-related glycans	altered level								neural differentiation			human	neural stem cells	Neural Stem Cells	28299522	At the pluripotent stage, 487LeX-, 5750LeX- and 473HD-related glycans were differently expressed.
5750LeX-related glycans	altered level								neural differentiation			human	neural stem cells	Neural Stem Cells	28299522	At the pluripotent stage, 487LeX-, 5750LeX- and 473HD-related glycans were differently expressed.
473HD-related glycans	altered level								neural differentiation			human	neural stem cells	Neural Stem Cells	28299522	At the pluripotent stage, 487LeX-, 5750LeX- and 473HD-related glycans were differently expressed.
polylactosaminoglycans	undetermined	lamp-1		Lysosomal Membrane Proteins|Membrane Glycoproteins	beta 1----3-N-acetylglucosaminyl transferase				chronic myelogenous leukemia			human	lysosomal membrane	Lysosomal Membrane Proteins	2243102	We have localized the polylactosaminoglycans to specific sites on lamp-1 and lamp-2 purified from human chronic myelogenous leukemia cells.
polylactosaminoglycans	undetermined	lamp-2		Lysosomal Membrane Proteins|Membrane Glycoproteins	beta 1----3-N-acetylglucosaminyl transferase				chronic myelogenous leukemia			human	lysosomal membrane	Lysosomal Membrane Proteins	2243102	We have localized the polylactosaminoglycans to specific sites on lamp-1 and lamp-2 purified from human chronic myelogenous leukemia cells.
galectin-3	increased level								Chagas Disease	Chagas Disease		mouse	thymus	Thymus Gland	17255323	We observed a pronounced increase in galectin-3 expression that paralleled the extensive depletion of CD4+CD8+ immature thymocytes after infection.
Sialyl Lewis X	acquisition of structure							risk	H7 avian influenza A virus infection			chicken|mallard duck	respiratory tissue|gastrointestinal tissue	Chickens|Ducks	36125302	Receptor binding analyses showed that H7 IAVs bind to both α2,3-linked (SA2,3Gal) and α2,6-linked sialic acids (SA2,6Gal), but with a higher preference for SLeX; H7 IAVs replicated more efficiently in SLeX-overexpressed than SLeX-deficient MDCK cells.
Sialyl Lewis X	acquisition of structure							risk	H7 avian influenza A virus infection			gadwall|green-wing teal|northern shoveler	respiratory tissue		36125302	SLeX was detected in both respiratory and gastrointestinal tissues of chickens and mallard ducks and in only the respiratory tissues of gadwall, green-wing teal, and northern shoveler but not in wood ducks.
α 2,6-linked tri-sialylated triantennary glycan containing α1,3-linked fucose	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				monitoring	lung cancer	Lung Neoplasms		human	serum		21538882	A search for biomarkers in human lung cancer serum samples using glycoproteomic approaches identified fucosylated haptoglobin (Hp) significantly increased in serum of each subtype of lung cancer compared to normal donors.
glycan-containing surfaces	undetermined	spike glycoprotein		Viral Envelope Proteins					Porcine Respiratory Coronavirus	Porcine Respiratory Coronavirus	neutralizing antibodies	porcine	membrane-distal region of the pAPN ectodomain		22876187	We show that a protruding receptor-binding edge in the S determines virus-binding specificity for recessed glycan-containing surfaces in the membrane-distal region of the pAPN ectodomain.
N-glycosylation	altered level	ALCAM		ALCAM protein, human				diagnostic	triple negative breast cancer	Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms		Mice	MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	30905597	We found that silencing of ALCAM in MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells decreases cell adhesion and migration onto Gal-8-coated surfaces in a glycan-dependent fashion.
sialylation	altered level	ALCAM		ALCAM protein, human				diagnostic	triple negative breast cancer	Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms		Mice	MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	30905597	Importantly, we also found that cell sialylation controls Gal-8-mediated cell adhesion.
phosphatidyl inositol glycan	unaltered level	Fc gamma RIII		Receptors, Fc					Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome	Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome		Humans	neutrophils	Neutrophils	2136822	Fc gamma RIII on neutrophils is a phosphatidyl inositol glycan (PIG)-anchored protein that can be released from the cells by activation with chemotactic peptides.
phosphatidyl inositol glycan	unaltered level	decay accelerating factor		Antigens, CD					Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome	Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome		Humans	neutrophils	Neutrophils	2136822	No changes in the expression of Fc gamma RII, CD11b, or another PIG-anchored protein, decay accelerating factor (CD55) on neutrophils, were found.
HBGAs	unaltered level								human norovirus infection			Humans	human intestinal organoids	Organoids	28974702	We found that fully developed HIOs express effectively various types 1 and 2 HBGAs, including Lewis, secretor, and nonsecretor antigens, distributing on the glycocalyx.
N-glycolylneuraminic acid	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting		Humans	serum		32014849	We identified a unique signature of glycan-binding IgG in MS with high reactivities to the dietary xenoglycan N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) and the self-glycan N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac).
N-acetylneuraminic acid	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting		Humans	serum		32014849	We identified a unique signature of glycan-binding IgG in MS with high reactivities to the dietary xenoglycan N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) and the self-glycan N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac).
oligomannose-type glycans	decreased level	dtCD70-Fc						response	BCL1 B cell lymphoma		vaccine	Mice	plasma		37965342	The accelerated plasma clearance of dtCD70-Fc was not due to the lack of neonatal Fc receptor binding but was dependent on the large population of oligomannose type glycosylation.
glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor	loss of structure	decay-accelerating factor (CD55)|CD59		CD55 Antigens|CD59 Antigens	phosphatidylinositol-glycan class A (PIG-A)		phosphatidylinositol glycan-class A protein		leukaemia	Leukemia		human	leukaemia cell lines	Leukemia|Tumor Cells, Cultured	8615796	We have investigated the mechanisms of defects in the glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored complement regulatory proteins delay-accelerating factor (DAF) and/or CD59 in a panel of human leukaemia cell lines that lack surface expression of these proteins: U937 (DAF+/CD59-), CEM (DAF-/CD59+), TALL (DAF-/CD59-) and a substrain of Ramos [Ramos(-)] (DAF-/CD59-).
peptidoglycan	acquisition of structure								septic shock	Shock, Septic		Humans	monocytes	Monocytes	7516310	Cell walls may contribute to the septic shock induced by gram-positive bacteria.
teichoic acid	acquisition of structure								septic shock	Shock, Septic		Humans	monocytes	Monocytes	7516310	Cell walls may contribute to the septic shock induced by gram-positive bacteria.
Galβ1-3GlcNAc	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	ovarian cancer			Humans	ovarian cancer cell lines	Neoplasms	20887211	This mAb also crossreacts in immunofluorescence microscopy studies with several human ovarian cancer cell lines and is cytotoxic to them based on the release of cytosolic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase into the media.
Galβ1-3GlcNAc	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	breast cancer			Humans	breast cancer tissue	Neoplasms	20887211	Hesca-2 immunohistochemically stained tissue from a number of human tumors, including ovary, breast, colon, and esophageal cancer.
Galβ1-3GlcNAc	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	colon cancer			Humans	colon cancer tissue	Neoplasms	20887211	Hesca-2 immunohistochemically stained tissue from a number of human tumors, including ovary, breast, colon, and esophageal cancer.
Galβ1-3GlcNAc	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	esophageal cancer			Humans	esophageal cancer tissue	Neoplasms	20887211	Hesca-2 immunohistochemically stained tissue from a number of human tumors, including ovary, breast, colon, and esophageal cancer.
Le(x)	acquisition of structure								tumor			Pleurodeles waltlii	jelly coat eggs	Ovum	1371971	The oligosaccharides were found to contain the newly described KDN as acidic monosaccharide and possess either the Le(x), Le(y) and A Le(y) antigenic determinants.
Le(y)	acquisition of structure								tumor			Pleurodeles waltlii	jelly coat eggs	Ovum	1371971	The oligosaccharides were found to contain the newly described KDN as acidic monosaccharide and possess either the Le(x), Le(y) and A Le(y) antigenic determinants.
A Le(y)	acquisition of structure								tumor			Pleurodeles waltlii	jelly coat eggs	Ovum	1371971	The oligosaccharides were found to contain the newly described KDN as acidic monosaccharide and possess either the Le(x), Le(y) and A Le(y) antigenic determinants.
biantennary complex type sugar chain of AFP	increased level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins	N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases	diagnostic	renal cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Renal Cell	surgery	Humans	tumor tissues	Humans	8893165	Thus, an increased level of GnT III in tumor tissues could account for the elevated conversion of a biantennary complex type sugar chain of AFP into a bisecting glucosaminylated biantennary one resulting from the addition of an N-acetylglucosamine residue at the trimannosyl core.
sulfated sialyl Lewis x	increased level	L-selectin ligands		L-Selectin					asthma	Asthma		human	peribronchial lung tissue		11017914	These data suggest that sulfated sLex glycans, acting putatively as ligands for L-selectin, could be instrumental in lymphocyte extravasation into human peribronchial lung tissue during asthma, but not so important in several other inflammatory lung diseases.
Lewis Y	undetermined											Arabidopsis thaliana	plant cell	Arabidopsis|Cell Nucleus|Cytoplasm	21945438	The EUL domain from Arabidopsis interacts with glycan structures containing Lewis Y, Lewis X and lactosamine, indicating that it can be considered a true lectin domain.
Lewis X	undetermined											Arabidopsis thaliana	plant cell	Arabidopsis|Cell Nucleus|Cytoplasm	21945438	The EUL domain from Arabidopsis interacts with glycan structures containing Lewis Y, Lewis X and lactosamine, indicating that it can be considered a true lectin domain.
lactosamine	undetermined											Arabidopsis thaliana	plant cell	Arabidopsis|Cell Nucleus|Cytoplasm	21945438	The EUL domain from Arabidopsis interacts with glycan structures containing Lewis Y, Lewis X and lactosamine, indicating that it can be considered a true lectin domain.
Asn-linked glycans	altered level	aminopeptidase|140 kDa brush-border antigen		Aminopeptidases|CD13 Antigens|Antigens|Glycoproteins								rabbit	jejunum	Jejunum	2874853	As judged by the maturation kinetics of Asn-linked glycans, these glycoproteins were found to be transported from the endoplasmic reticulum into the Golgi apparatus at different rates (t1/2 = 25-50 min).
Core fucosylation	increased level				α1,6-fucosyltransferase	FUT8	Fucosyltransferases|Glycoprotein 6-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase	response	Pancreatic carcinoma	Pancreatic Neoplasms	gemcitabine	Humans	MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	33571582	Pancreatic carcinoma is one of the deadliest malignant diseases, in which the increased expression of α1,6-fucosyltransferase (FUT8), a sole enzyme responsible for catalyzing core fucosylation, has been reported.
Core fucosylation	decreased level				α1,6-fucosyltransferase	FUT8	Fucosyltransferases|Glycoprotein 6-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase	response	Pancreatic carcinoma	Pancreatic Neoplasms	gemcitabine	Humans	MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	33571582	Deficiency of FUT8 inhibited cell migration and proliferation in both MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 cells compared with wild-type cells.
glycosylation	altered level	VEGF(165)		VEGFA protein, human|Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A				diagnostic	pathological changes			human	insect cells|E. coli cells	Spodoptera|Escherichia coli	19621363	This aspect is important because different forms may differ in biological activity (therapeutic drug application) and the pattern of the different forms can vary with pathological changes (biomarker application).
3-sialyl di-Lewis x	acquisition of structure								E-selectin-dependent adhesion			Humans	leukocytes	Leukocytes	7527659	These carbohydrate structures appear to be present on only a very small number of cell surface proteins and may alone be responsible for the specificity of E-selectin-dependent adhesion.
Lewis Y antigen	decreased level	ICAM-2		ICAM2 protein, human	FUT1				decrease in the rolling and adhesion of immature DCs over endothelial cells			Humans	Endothelial Cells	Endothelial Cells	18155766	Silencing of FUT1 results in a decrease in the rolling and adhesion of immature DCs over endothelial cells.
polysialylation	acquisition of structure	alpha-1-antitrypsin		alpha 1-Antitrypsin	Neisseria meningitidis α2,8-polysialyltransferase		Sialyltransferases	response	alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency		augmentation therapy	Mus musculus	serum		21502532	The polysialylation of A1AT resulted in a significantly improved pharmacokinetic profile when the modified proteins were injected into CD-1 mice.
Lewis x antigen	loss of structure				alpha1,3-fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases|galactoside 3-fucosyltransferase		Haemonchus contortus infection			Haemonchus contortus	glycoconjugates		9870355	However, parasite glycoconjugates are not reactive with Ricinus communis agglutinin, which binds to terminal beta-Gal, and the glycoconjugates lack the Lewis x (Le(x)) antigen or other related fucose-containing antigens, such as sialylated Le(x), Le(a), Le(b) Le(y), or H-type 1.
sialyl Lewis x antigen	loss of structure				alpha1,3-fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases|galactoside 3-fucosyltransferase		Haemonchus contortus infection			Haemonchus contortus	glycoconjugates		9870355	However, parasite glycoconjugates are not reactive with Ricinus communis agglutinin, which binds to terminal beta-Gal, and the glycoconjugates lack the Lewis x (Le(x)) antigen or other related fucose-containing antigens, such as sialylated Le(x), Le(a), Le(b) Le(y), or H-type 1.
fucosylated oligosaccharides	acquisition of structure								fertilization			Human	seminal plasma	Semen	12063266	The agonistic effect of both fucose and fucosylated glycoconjugates on human sperm-egg binding in vitro suggests that fucosylated oligosaccharides may also promote fertilization in the female reproductive tract.
other glycan	decreased level				Cathepsin A	CTSA	Cathepsin A	diagnostic|prognostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	liver tissue	Liver Neoplasms	34272452	Both gene ontology (GO) and The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses demonstrated that CTSA co-expressed genes were involved in ATP hydrolysis coupled proton transport, carbohydrate metabolic process, lysosome organization, oxidative phosphorylation, other glycan degradation, etc.
phosphatidylinositol-glycan	unaltered level	CD16		Receptors, Fc|Receptors, IgG								Humans	neutrophils|natural killer cells	Lymphocytes|Lymphocytes	2525780	These data demonstrate that both polypeptide-anchored and phosphatidylinositol-glycan-anchored forms of the CD16 molecule exist and that they are differentially expressed on neutrophils and natural killer cells.
serotransferrin glycoforms	increased level	serotransferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic|risk	periductal fibrosis			Humans	serum		31569686	Among them, the serum levels of four glycoforms were increased in PDF and CCA patients compared to control subjects.
serotransferrin glycoforms	increased level	serotransferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic|risk|prognostic	cholangiocarcinoma	Cholangiocarcinoma		Humans	serum		31569686	Among them, the serum levels of four glycoforms were increased in PDF and CCA patients compared to control subjects.
highly sialylated multi-branched glycans	increased level	serotransferrin		Transferrin				prognostic	cholangiocarcinoma	Cholangiocarcinoma		Humans	serum		31569686	In particular, highly sialylated multi-branched glycans of serotransferrin serum were significantly correlated with poor prognosis and tumor stage in CCA patients.
Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	cancer			human	cancer cells		21949831	The Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF or T) antigen, Galβ1-3GalNAcα1-O-Ser/Thr, is the core 1 structure of O-linked mucin type glycans appearing in tumor-associated glycosylation.
N-glycosylation	loss of structure	PD-L1		B7-H1 Antigen				diagnostic	non-small-cell lung cancer	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung|Lung Neoplasms		Humans	tissue		36925070	We found that 6 of 7 archival positive samples showed a significant reduction in positive staining with 22C3 compared to the original diagnostic sample assessed 3 years earlier.
α-2,6 linked sialic acid	decreased level				ST6Gal I	ST6GAL1	ST6GAL1 protein, human	response	human influenza virus infection		siRNA targeting ST6GAL1	human	airway epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	24670114	As a result, synthesis of α-2,6 SA galactose was inhibited.
O-glycan	increased level	Mucin-1		Mucin-1					carcinoma			mouse	carcinoma cells		1958179	We have cloned the Muc1 gene of the mouse, encoding the murine equivalent of human episialin (also known as EMA or PEM), a mucin-like glycoprotein that is overexpressed in carcinoma cells.
phosphatidyl-inositol-glycan	undetermined	CD59		CD59 Antigens					lymphomas			New World primates	T-lymphocytes		1382344	Herpesvirus saimiri (HSV) is a T-lymphotropic tumor virus that causes fulminant lymphomas and leukemias in various New World primates other than its natural host, the squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus).
phosphatidyl-inositol-glycan	undetermined	CD59		CD59 Antigens					leukemias			New World primates	T-lymphocytes		1382344	Herpesvirus saimiri (HSV) is a T-lymphotropic tumor virus that causes fulminant lymphomas and leukemias in various New World primates other than its natural host, the squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus).
N276 glycan	loss of structure	HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein		Glycoproteins					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans			35922441	Analysis of longitudinal sequences from the patient suggests that a transmitter/founder-virus lacking the N276 glycan might have initiated the development of these NAbs.
phosphatidylinositol glycan anchored protein	decreased level								paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria			Humans	blood cells		7579386	In patients with a paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria phenotype, there was no correlation between the proportion of phosphatidylinositol glycan anchored protein (PIG-AP)-deficient blood cells and the corresponding X-inactivation pattern.
glycan-binding receptors	altered level							response	cancer		vaccination	Humans	skin	Epidermis	26605924	Here we performed a detailed analysis of the expression and function of glycan-binding and pattern-recognition receptors in skin APC subsets.
o-glycan	undetermined							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans		Humans	32957376	The target genes of these miRNAs were found to be mainly enriched in negative regulation of acute inflammatory response cell-substrate responses, and o-glycan processing pathways.
mannose-binding sites	altered level	mannose-binding lectins		Mannose-Binding Lectins											8972598	Molecular modeling indicated that the number of active mannose-binding sites per monomer varies between three and zero.
N-glycan	altered level			Polysaccharides				diagnostic	early-stage epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial|Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		25183900	Here, we evaluated the ability of GLYCOV to recognize early-stage EOC in a cohort of 73 individuals comprised of 20 early-stage primary serous EOC, 20 benign ovarian diseases (BOD), and 33 age-matched healthy controls.
N-glycan	altered level			Polysaccharides				diagnostic	benign ovarian diseases			Humans	serum		25183900	In addition, GLYCOV was more sensitive and specific compared to CA125 in distinguishing early-stage EOC from BOD patients, which is of high relevance to clinicians as it is difficult for them to diagnose malignancy prior to operation.
sialyl-di-Lewis^a	increased level							prognostic|response	pancreatic cancer		CH129-vcMMAE	Human	pancreatic cancer cell lines		31871270	In our pancreatic cancer cohort, high FG129 glyco-epitope expression was significantly associated with poor prognosis (P = 0.004).
sialyl-di-Lewis^a	increased level							response	colorectal cancer	Colonic Neoplasms	CH129-vcMMAE	Human	colorectal cancer cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	31871270	All three CH129 drug conjugates killed high-binding colorectal and pancreatic cancer cell lines with (sub)nanomolar potency, coinciding with significant in vivo xenograft tumor control by CH129-vcMMAE.
sialic acid	undetermined	Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus		Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus					Middle East respiratory syndrome	Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus		Camelus|Humans	respiratory tract		28923942	We now demonstrate that in addition to DPP4, MERS-CoV binds to sialic acid (Sia).
α2,6-sialylation	increased level				ST6Gal-I	ST6GAL1	ST6GAL1 protein, human	prognostic	non-small cell lung cancer	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung|Lung Neoplasms		Human	lung cancer tissues and cells	Lung Neoplasms|Tumor Cells, Cultured	29981167	Modification of α2,6-sialylation positively associates with lung cancer progression, thereby indicating that ST6Gal-I may mediate the invasiveness and tumorigenicity of NSCLC cells via the Notch1/Hes1/MMPs pathway both in vitro and in vivo.
N-linked oligosaccharides	unaltered level	Glycoproteins		Glycoproteins											10933855	Glycans were released directly from excised gel spots after digestion with PNGase F, with or without prior treatment with trypsin.
beta(1,6)-branched N-linked glycan	increased level				N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase Va		Oligosaccharides, Branched-Chain	diagnostic	breast carcinoma	Breast Neoplasms		human	breast epithelial cells	Breast Neoplasms	18271524	Elevated GnT-V levels leads to increased beta(1,6)-branched N-linked glycan structures on glycoproteins that can be measured using a specific carbohydrate binding protein or lectin known as L-PHA.
mannosyl	unaltered level							response	intracellular pathogens			mouse	macrophages	Macrophages	32306342	ArtinM is a mannosyl-binding lectin, obtained from the seeds of Artocarpus heterophyllus, that induces the differentiation of CD4+ T cells and macrophages by interacting with CD3 and TLR2/CD14, respectively.
Tn antigen	undetermined	mucin-like glycoproteins		Tn antigen	UDP N-acetyl-α-d-galactosamine:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases		diarrheal disease			Cryptosporidium spp.	intestinal epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	29581010	Cryptosporidium employs mucin-like glycoproteins with O-glycans to attach to and infect host intestinal epithelial cells.
sialylated glycan-structures	decreased level	von Willebrand factor		von Willebrand Factor	sialidase				regulation of plasma levels of the FVIII/VWF complex			mice	plasma		22733016	Finally, overexpression of human Siglec-5 in murine hepatocytes following hydrodynamic gene transfer resulted in a significant decrease in plasma levels of FVIII and VWF in these mice.
sialylated glycan-structures	unaltered level	Factor VIII		Factor VIII	sialidase				regulation of plasma levels of the FVIII/VWF complex			mice	plasma		22733016	In contrast, sialidase treatment left interactions between FVIII and Siglec-5 unaffected.
anti-Saccharomyces cervisiae (gASCA)	increased level							diagnostic	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease		Human			24115818	Caucasian CD patients had a significantly higher antibody prevalence of gASCA (67% vs 3%, P < 0.001), ALCA (44% vs 6%, P = 0.005), and AMCA (67% vs 15%, P = 0.002), whereas HK CD patients had a higher prevalence of only AMCA (58% vs 25%, P = 0.035), when compared with UC and healthy subjects in both countries.
anti-laminaribioside (ALCA)	increased level							diagnostic	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease		Human			24115818	Caucasian CD patients had a significantly higher antibody prevalence of gASCA (67% vs 3%, P < 0.001), ALCA (44% vs 6%, P = 0.005), and AMCA (67% vs 15%, P = 0.002), whereas HK CD patients had a higher prevalence of only AMCA (58% vs 25%, P = 0.035), when compared with UC and healthy subjects in both countries.
anti-mannobioside (AMCA)	increased level							diagnostic	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease		Human			24115818	Caucasian CD patients had a significantly higher antibody prevalence of gASCA (67% vs 3%, P < 0.001), ALCA (44% vs 6%, P = 0.005), and AMCA (67% vs 15%, P = 0.002), whereas HK CD patients had a higher prevalence of only AMCA (58% vs 25%, P = 0.035), when compared with UC and healthy subjects in both countries.
TA-MUC1	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1				prognostic	non-small cell lung cancer	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung		Humans	lung tissue	Lung Neoplasms	18539357	In summary, the presence of TA-MUC1 is a favorable prognostic factor in this cohort of NSCLC patients, in particular if lymph node metastases are present.
sialic acid	loss of structure	low density lipoprotein		Lipoproteins, LDL	trans-sialidase		trans-sialidase		atherogenesis			human	blood plasma		11689212	Trans-sialidase-treated native LDL becomes desialylated and then can induce cholesteryl ester accumulation in human aortic intimal smooth muscle cells.
N-glycan	decreased level	BTLA		BTLA protein, mouse				risk	T cell hyperactivity			mouse	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	39269653	T cell hyperactivity induced by branching deficiency was opposed by BTLA ligation proportional to increased BTLA expression.
N-glycan	decreased level	BTLA		BTLA protein, mouse				risk	proinflammatory outcomes			mouse	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	39269653	In this manner, branching deficiency-induced upregulation of BTLA appears to serve as a checkpoint to limit extreme T cell hyperactivity and proinflammatory outcomes in T cells with low branching.
N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) peptides	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1				response	breast cancer		MUC1 peptide vaccination	Humans	serum		10797294	Natural MUC1 Abs from breast cancer patients reacted more strongly with the N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) peptides than with the naked 60-mer peptide, while reactivity with the GalNAc-peptides was significantly reduced (2-tailed p < 0.0001) in the MUC1 IgG and IgM Abs induced by MUC1 peptide vaccination.
glycan	decreased level								breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans			20872241	Suggestive evidence for an excess of associations was found for genes involved in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton, glycan degradation, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, circadian rhythm, hematopoietic cell lineage and drug metabolism.
sialylated O-linked glycans	acquisition of structure	BLAST-1		Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte|Antigens, Surface|Glycoproteins|Protein Precursors					B cell activation			Humans	B-Lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes	3081632	BLAST-1 is synthesized as a 43,000 m.w. light chain in association with a second heavier chain of 55,000 m.w. The light chain acquires sialylated O-linked glycans and is stably expressed at the cell surface with a half-life of 14 hr.
unsialylated N-linked glycans	acquisition of structure	BLAST-2		Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte|Antigens, Surface|Glycoproteins|Protein Precursors					B cell activation			Humans	B-Lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes	3081632	BLAST-2 is also synthesized as a 43,000 m.w. precursor, but it acquires only unsialylated N-linked glycans.
laminaribioside	increased level							diagnostic	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease		Humans	serum		16890590	Antilaminaribioside and antichitobioside carbohydrate antibodies are novel serologic markers associated with Crohn's disease.
chitobioside	increased level							diagnostic	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease		Humans	serum		16890590	Antilaminaribioside and antichitobioside carbohydrate antibodies are novel serologic markers associated with Crohn's disease.
Manβ1-4GlcNAcβ	increased level							diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	sera		26992329	In this work, we found previously unreported increase in antibodies against oligosaccharide Manβ1-4GlcNAcβ in patients with CRC.
C1-OH (hemiacetal) analogues	increased level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic|prognostic	breast cancer			Humans	MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	18338853	The C1-OH (hemiacetal) analogues enhanced growth inhibition in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells and suppressed expression of MUC1, which are attractive properties for an anticancer agent.
other glycan	decreased level							prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms	35097120	"Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) conducted on the prognostic signature revealed that the gene set of the high-risk group was significantly enriched in the hallmark gene set ""hypoxia"" and the gene set of the low-risk group was enriched in KEGG pathways, including ""peroxisome,"" ""the citrate cycle (TCA cycle),"" and ""other glycan degradation."""
N-glycan	altered level							diagnostic	Paratuberculosis	Paratuberculosis		Holstein cattle	ileocecal valve	Ileocecal Valve	31619718	Metabolic analysis of the DE genes revealed that the N-glycan biosynthesis, bile secretion, one-carbon pool by folate and purine metabolism were significantly enriched in the ICV from the cows with focal lesions.
HNK-1	decreased level	carrier glycoproteins		Carrier Proteins|Glycoproteins					Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	frontal cortex	Brain	26738850	We demonstrate an overall decrease in HNK-1 immunoreactivity in glycoproteins extracted from the frontal cortex of AD subjects, compared with levels from non-demented controls (NDC).
sialyl LewisX	altered level	α1-antichymotrypsin		alpha 1-Antitrypsin				response	inflammatory conditions		C1-inhibitor therapeutics	Humans	plasma		30453343	This 'novel' anti-inflammatory effect of C1-inh is attributed to the tetrasaccharide sialyl LewisX (SLeX) present on its N-glycans.
oligosaccharides	loss of structure	yeast external invertase|bovine serum fetuin|glucoamylase from Aspergillus niger|chicken egg white ovotransferrin|avidin		beta-Fructofuranosidase|alpha-Fetoproteins|Glucan 1,4-alpha-Glucosidase|Conalbumin|Avidin					protein thermal instability						8652506	It was found that deglycosylation decreases protein thermal stability, as judged by the decrease in denaturation temperature and denaturation enthalpy, while it does not affect substantially the conformation as indicated by the CD spectra in the far UV range.
nonsulfated HNK-1 epitope	acquisition of structure	laminin-1		laminin 1	GlcAT-S				kidney basal lamina maintenance			mouse	kidney	Kidney	18263654	In this study, we found that a novel glycoprotein carrying the nonsulfated HNK-1 epitope in mouse kidney was enriched in the nuclear fraction.
O-linked glycans	increased level	CD43		Leukosialin	core 2 beta 1-->6N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|N-acetyllactosaminide beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase	diagnostic	T cell activation			mouse	T lymphocytes	T-Lymphocytes	9061371	Increased reactivity of cells with the monoclonal antibody 1B11, which specifically detects the expression of murine CD43 130 kDa, may thus be a marker of increases in branching of O-linked glycans generally.
N-linked glycan chains	loss of structure				peptide-N4-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl) asparagine amidase		Amidohydrolases|Peptide-N4-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl) Asparagine Amidase					Oryzias latipes	embryos	Embryo, Nonmammalian	1718990	The recent discovery of free oligosaccharides typical for the complex type of glycan chains terminating with a free di-N-acetylchitobiosyl structure in certain fish eggs and early embryos led us to find an enzyme responsible for detachment of N-linked glycan chains from glycoproteins by hydrolyzing the beta-aspartyl-glucosylamine linkage in Oryzias latipes embryos.
polylactosamine glycan	undetermined	cell surface glycoproteins		Membrane Glycoproteins					angiogenesis	Neovascularization, Pathologic		Humans	endothelial cells	Endothelium, Vascular	10702407	Galectin-3, a carbohydrate-binding protein, with specificity for type 1 and 11 ABH blood group epitopes and polylactosamine glycan containing cell surface glycoproteins, is the major nonintegrin cellular laminin-binding protein.
N-acetylglucosamine/galactosamine (GlycA)	unaltered level	serum proteins		Polysaccharides				diagnostic	inflammation	Inflammation		Humans	serum		28031420	N-acetylglucosamine/galactosamine (GlycA) and sialic acid (GlycB) moieties of glycosylated serum proteins are nonspecific measures of inflammation, but conclusive data on their relationship with insulin resistance or insulin secretion are missing.
sialic acid (GlycB)	unaltered level	serum proteins		Polysaccharides				diagnostic	inflammation	Inflammation		Humans	serum		28031420	N-acetylglucosamine/galactosamine (GlycA) and sialic acid (GlycB) moieties of glycosylated serum proteins are nonspecific measures of inflammation, but conclusive data on their relationship with insulin resistance or insulin secretion are missing.
glycan	altered level	thrombospondin-1|thrombospondin-5|alpha-1B-glycoprotein|serum amyloid P-component|tenascin-X		Thrombospondin 1|TSP5 protein, human||Serum Amyloid P-Component|Tenascin				diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	serum		21513341	In addition, potential glycan changes were indicated by comparing proteins in control and cancer samples in terms of their affinity to the multi-lectin column (M-LAC) and the pI profiles in IEF separation.
blood group A tetrasaccharide type II	unaltered level				RgGH98		Glycoside Hydrolases	diagnostic	infection		diagnostic and therapeutics	human	gastrointestinal tract	Gastrointestinal Tract	34936658	These data further support that the GH repertoire of R. gnavus strains enable them to colonise different nutritional niches in the human gut and has potential applications in diagnostic and therapeutics against infection.
N276 glycan	unaltered level	Env		env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus					HIV-1	HIV-1	immunization	Mice	B cells	B-Lymphocytes	31801073	However, the elicited antibodies cannot bypass glycans present on the conserved position N276 of Env, which restricts access to the CD4-binding site.
O-glycan	increased level	extracellular vesicles		Polysaccharides				prognostic	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal|Pancreatic Neoplasms	pancreatectomy	Humans	serum		39285510	In contrast, ACA-positive EVs increased in serum at 7 days postoperatively in 27 of 44 patients (61.4%).
sialoglycans	increased level				Sialyltransferases		Sialyltransferases	risk	cancer		desialylation of the tumour cell surface using either targeted delivery of a pan-ST inhibitor (or sialidase) or systemic delivery of a non-toxic selective ST inhibitors	human	tumour cell		38758134	Sialyltransferases (ST), the enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of sialylated glycans, are highly upregulated in cancer, with tumour hypersialylation strongly correlated with tumour growth, metastasis and drug resistance.
N-linked glycosylation|O-linked glycosylation	undetermined	CD44 fusion protein		Glycoproteins											21689629	The analysis of site-specific glycan microheterogeneity was illustrated for the CD44 fusion protein.
Tn antigen	unaltered level				UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases		helminth parasites	Helminths		helminth parasites			14533679	The presence of the GalNAc-O-Ser/Thr structure, also known as Tn antigen, a truncated determinant related to aberrant glycosylation in mammal cells, and the activity of the UDP-GalNAc:polypeptide N-acetyl-galactosaminyltransferase (ppGaNTase), the enzyme responsible for its synthesis, were studied in species from major taxonomic groups.
Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer	increased level	Mac-2 binding protein		LGALS3BP protein, human				predictive	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		30918432	High serum M2BPGi within 3 years after HBeAg seroconversion was a strong predictor for subsequent HCC development in treatment-naive HBeAg-negative CHB patients.
Galactose-deficient IgA1	increased level	Immunoglobulin A		Immunoglobulin A				diagnostic|predictive|risk	IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans	serum		30388165	Serum Gd-IgA1 (s-Gd-IgA1) at the time of RB was compared among 111 IgAN patients, 18 Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) patients, 29 lupus nephritis (LN) patients, 28 ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) patients, and 13 minimal change disease (MCD) patients using ELISA with an anti-human Gd-IgA1-specific monoclonal antibody (KM55).
Galactose-deficient IgA1	increased level	Immunoglobulin A		Immunoglobulin A				diagnostic	Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis	IgA Vasculitis		Humans	serum		30388165	Mesangial-Gd-IgA1 deposition was specifically detected in IgAN or HSPN.
sialyl Lewis X	decreased level	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1		Membrane Glycoproteins				response	cutaneous lymphomas	Lymphoma, T-Cell	4-F-GlcNAc treatment	Humans	malignant skin-homing T cells	T-Lymphocytes	16691194	We found that 4-F-GlcNAc treatment resulted in dose-dependent ablation of sialyl Lewis X and CHO-131 antigen expression on PSGL-1, whereas sialylated O-glycans on CD43 were minimally affected.
CHO-131 antigen	decreased level	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1		Membrane Glycoproteins				response	cutaneous lymphomas	Lymphoma, T-Cell	4-F-GlcNAc treatment	Humans	malignant skin-homing T cells	T-Lymphocytes	16691194	We found that 4-F-GlcNAc treatment resulted in dose-dependent ablation of sialyl Lewis X and CHO-131 antigen expression on PSGL-1, whereas sialylated O-glycans on CD43 were minimally affected.
N-glycans	unaltered level	Toll-like receptor (TLR)2|cluster of differentiation (CD)14		Tlr2 protein, mouse|Lipopolysaccharide Receptors				response	fungal infections			mouse	B cells	B-Lymphocytes	30216978	ArtinM, a d-mannose-binding lectin from Artocarpus heterophyllus, activates antigen-presenting cells by recognizing Toll-like receptor (TLR)2 and cluster of differentiation (CD)14 N-glycans, induces cytokine production, and promotes type 1 T helper (Th1) immunity, a process that plays an assisting role in the combat against fungal infections.
sulfated Lewis X	increased level	mucin		Mucins					colon carcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		human	xenograft tumor	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9405387	A striking feature of the oligosaccharides of the LS174T-HM7 xenograft tumor mucin was a predominance of sulfated Lewis X determinants: HSO3-Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAc.
N-acetylgalactosamine in O-linked oligosaccharides	decreased level	Immunoglobulin A		Immunoglobulin A				diagnostic|prognostic	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease	infliximab	Humans	serum		22241690	The number of GalNAc attached in the IgA O-linked glycans of CD patients was significantly decreased, and strongly correlated with the clinical activity.
sialyl Lewis x	increased level				ST3GAL1/3/4|FUT3		Sialyl Lewis X Antigen|Sialyl Lewis X Antigen		colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		human	HT29 and DLD-1 cells	Humans	22547830	Treatment of HT29 and DLD-1 cells with EGF and/or basic FGF (bFGF) induced EMT and significantly increased sLe(x/a) expression resulting in enhanced E-selectin binding activity.
sialyl Lewis a	increased level				ST3GAL1/3/4|FUT3		Sialyl Lewis X Antigen|Sialyl Lewis X Antigen		colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		human	HT29 and DLD-1 cells	Humans	22547830	Treatment of HT29 and DLD-1 cells with EGF and/or basic FGF (bFGF) induced EMT and significantly increased sLe(x/a) expression resulting in enhanced E-selectin binding activity.
glycosylated	acquisition of structure	prostate-specific antigen		Prostate-Specific Antigen					Prostatic Neoplasms	Prostatic Neoplasms		Humans	Dendritic Cells	Dendritic Cells	15375382	"The first type, also called ""secreted"" vaccine (sVac), encodes for the full length of the human prostate-specific antigen (PSA) with a signal peptide sequence so that the expressed product is glycosylated and directed to the secretory pathway."
N-linked glycans	altered level								protein-energy undernutrition	Protein-Energy Malnutrition		neonatal mice	feces	Feces	27052538	Whereas most urine and plasma metabolites normalized with refeeding, 117 fecal metabolites remained altered at 3 wk, including multiple N-linked glycans.
sialooligosaccharide sequences	undetermined								whooping cough			Bordetella pertussis	target cell receptors		7688202	The carbohydrate binding specificity of the B oligomer is for sialooligosaccharide sequences expressed on target cell receptors and asparagine-linked glycans found in many serum glycoproteins.
asparagine-linked glycans	undetermined								whooping cough			Bordetella pertussis	serum glycoproteins	Glycoproteins	7688202	The carbohydrate binding specificity of the B oligomer is for sialooligosaccharide sequences expressed on target cell receptors and asparagine-linked glycans found in many serum glycoproteins.
acid glycosphingolipids	increased level							diagnostic	medullary thyroid carcinoma	Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine|Thyroid Neoplasms		Humans	thyroid glands	Thyroid Gland	34638800	The amount of acid glycosphingolipids in the MTCs was higher than in the normal thyroid glands.
GD3 ganglioside	increased level							diagnostic	medullary thyroid carcinoma	Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine|Thyroid Neoplasms		Humans	thyroid glands	Thyroid Gland	34638800	The major acid glycosphingolipid was the GD3 ganglioside.
Sulfatide	increased level							diagnostic	medullary thyroid carcinoma	Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine|Thyroid Neoplasms		Humans	thyroid glands	Thyroid Gland	34638800	Sulfatide and the gangliosides GM3 and GD1a were also present.
GM3	increased level							diagnostic	medullary thyroid carcinoma	Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine|Thyroid Neoplasms		Humans	thyroid glands	Thyroid Gland	34638800	Sulfatide and the gangliosides GM3 and GD1a were also present.
GD1a	increased level							diagnostic	medullary thyroid carcinoma	Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine|Thyroid Neoplasms		Humans	thyroid glands	Thyroid Gland	34638800	Sulfatide and the gangliosides GM3 and GD1a were also present.
Le<sup>y</sup>	increased level							diagnostic	medullary thyroid carcinoma	Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine|Thyroid Neoplasms		Humans	thyroid glands	Thyroid Gland	34638800	Immunohistochemistry demonstrated an extensive expression av Le<sup>y</sup> in the MTC cells and also a variable intensity and prevalence of Globo H and Le<sup>x</sup>.
Globo H	increased level							diagnostic	medullary thyroid carcinoma	Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine|Thyroid Neoplasms		Humans	thyroid glands	Thyroid Gland	34638800	Immunohistochemistry demonstrated an extensive expression av Le<sup>y</sup> in the MTC cells and also a variable intensity and prevalence of Globo H and Le<sup>x</sup>.
Le<sup>x</sup>	increased level							diagnostic	medullary thyroid carcinoma	Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine|Thyroid Neoplasms		Humans	thyroid glands	Thyroid Gland	34638800	Immunohistochemistry demonstrated an extensive expression av Le<sup>y</sup> in the MTC cells and also a variable intensity and prevalence of Globo H and Le<sup>x</sup>.
Forssman determinant	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B			Humans	thyroid glands	Thyroid Gland	34638800	One individual with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B expressed the Forssman determinant, which is rarely found in humans.
asparagine-linked sugar chain	undetermined	CD59		CD59 Antigens								human	urine		7514386	The structures of the GPI anchor and the asparagine-linked sugar chain of a soluble form of CD59 in urine, U-CD59, were determined.
GPI anchor	undetermined	CD59		CD59 Antigens								human	urine		7514386	The structures of the GPI anchor and the asparagine-linked sugar chain of a soluble form of CD59 in urine, U-CD59, were determined.
sialyl-Lewisa	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|risk	bladder cancer	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	bladder	Urinary Bladder Diseases	25502795	These included the oncoprotein p53, the tumour proliferation rate (Ki-67>17%), cell-surface cancer-associated glycan sialyl-Tn (sTn) and sialyl-Lewisa/x (sLea/sLex), involved in immune escape and metastasis.
sialyl-Lewisx	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|risk	bladder cancer	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	bladder	Urinary Bladder Diseases	25502795	These included the oncoprotein p53, the tumour proliferation rate (Ki-67>17%), cell-surface cancer-associated glycan sialyl-Tn (sTn) and sialyl-Lewisa/x (sLea/sLex), involved in immune escape and metastasis.
Tn antigen	unaltered level							response	cancer	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate		Humans	melanoma cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	27973758	BfL is dimeric in solution and highly specific for binding of oligosaccharides and glycopeptides with terminal N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc).
N-acetyl glycan groups	undetermined	acute phase proteins		Acute-Phase Proteins|Glycoproteins				risk	Colorectal Cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	circulating		27902713	GlycA, a novel nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) inflammatory marker that identifies primarily circulating N-acetyl glycan groups attached to acute phase proteins, may be a future CRC risk biomarker.
sialic acid	increased level								cancer	Neoplasms			cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	31115772	The statistical data among different cell lines confirm that the SA expression levels on cancer cells are much higher than that on normal cells.
HexCer	increased level								cholangiocarcinoma	Bile Duct Neoplasms|Cholangiocarcinoma		Humans	tissues		30888588	The expression of ceramides, hexosylceramides (HexCer), and lactosylceramides (LacCer) was altered in CCA tissues, 61.1% (11/18) of them showing an increase whereas 38.9% (7/18) showing a decrease, compared with the adjacent normal tissue.
LacCer	increased level							prognostic	cholangiocarcinoma	Bile Duct Neoplasms|Cholangiocarcinoma		Humans	tissues		30888588	Cers and GSLs containing 2-hydroxylated fatty acids except one LacCer molecular species were overexpressed in CCA tissues, and the increase of LacCer (d18:1-h23:0) was correlated with shorter survival of CCA patients, suggesting the involvement of GSL synthesis and fatty acid hydroxylation in progression of CCA.
glycate adducts	increased level								cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	blood-derived cancer cell cultures		32630302	The relative glycate adducts content in cancer secretomes was higher in comparison to that of healthy samples.
N-glycan moieties	unaltered level	Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein		Uromodulin				risk	Urinary tract infections	Urinary Tract Infections		human	urinary tract	Urinary Tract	28829050	We discovered that THP engages the inhibitory neutrophil receptor sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin-9 (Siglec-9), and mouse functional ortholog Siglec-E, in a manner dependent on sialic acid on its N-glycan moieties.
aberrantly glycosylated hinge-region O-linked oligosaccharides	increased level	IgA1		Immunoglobulin A				diagnostic	IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans	urine		16757497	The excretion of aberrantly glycosylated IgA1 was observed by western blot in 68% of the IgAN patients but in none of the healthy controls.
proinflammatory IgG glycans	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G					HIV infection	HIV Infections	methadone-based MOUD regimens	Humans	plasma		35916053	These markers include soluble CD14 (an independent predictor of morbidity and mortality during HIV infection), proinflammatory cytokines, and proinflammatory IgG glycans.
N-glycans	unaltered level	Toll-like receptor 2		Toll-Like Receptor 2					Toxoplasma gondii infection	Toxoplasma		Humans	phagocytes	Macrophages	31658592	Recently, we demonstrated that MIC1 and MIC4 binding to the N-glycans of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 on phagocytes triggers cell activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production.
N-glycans	unaltered level	Toll-like receptor 4							Toxoplasma gondii infection	Toxoplasma		Humans	phagocytes	Macrophages	31658592	Recently, we demonstrated that MIC1 and MIC4 binding to the N-glycans of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 on phagocytes triggers cell activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production.
terminal GalNAc moieties	unaltered level								tumor	Cell Line, Tumor		Humans	Dendritic Cells	Dendritic Cells	15802303	Specific glycan structures containing terminal GalNAc moieties, expressed by the human helminth parasite Schistosoma mansoni as well as tumor antigens and a subset of gangliosides, were identified as ligands for MGL.
terminal GalNAc moieties	unaltered level								Schistosoma mansoni infection	Schistosoma mansoni		Humans	Dendritic Cells	Dendritic Cells	15802303	Specific glycan structures containing terminal GalNAc moieties, expressed by the human helminth parasite Schistosoma mansoni as well as tumor antigens and a subset of gangliosides, were identified as ligands for MGL.
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic|prognostic|monitoring	clear cell renal cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Renal Cell	curative nephrectomy	Humans	plasma		25184692	This striking result demonstrates the potential for significant protein glycosylation alterations in clear cell renal cell carcinoma cancer plasma.
6-sulfo sialyl Lewis(x)	acquisition of structure	CD34|GlyCAM-1|MAdCAM-1		Antigens, CD34|||	LSST		HEV-specific LSST		lymphocyte homing				high endothelial venules	Endothelium, Lymphatic	10435581	We herein describe a novel L-selectin ligand sulfotransferase, termed LSST, that directs the synthesis of the 6-sulfo sialyl Lewis(x) on L-selectin counterreceptors CD34, GlyCAM-1, and MAdCAM-1.
sialic acid NeuAcα2-6-	increased level	alpha fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				prognostic|diagnostic	chronic hepatitis B	Hepatitis B		Humans	serum		21161373	The differential expression of sialic acid linkage was observed in HBV-CH and HCV-LC by ELISA; the former bound strongly with Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA), which has exclusive binding specificity for NeuAcα2-6-.
sialic acid NeuAcα2-3-	increased level	alpha fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				prognostic|diagnostic	hepatitis C cirrhosis	Hepatitis C|Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		21161373	The differential expression of sialic acid linkage was observed in HBV-CH and HCV-LC by ELISA; the former bound strongly with Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA), which has exclusive binding specificity for NeuAcα2-6-, whereas HCV-LC reacted preferably with Maackia amurensis agglutinin (MAA) which recognizes NeuAcα2-3-.
glycan branching	increased level	alpha fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				prognostic|diagnostic	hepatitis B cirrhosis	Hepatitis B|Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		21161373	There was significantly high glycan branching in HBV-LC and HCV-LC in comparison to controls as illustrated by concanavalin A.
glycan branching	increased level	alpha fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				prognostic|diagnostic	hepatitis C cirrhosis	Hepatitis C|Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		21161373	There was significantly high glycan branching in HBV-LC and HCV-LC in comparison to controls as illustrated by concanavalin A.
fucosylation α1-6 linkage	increased level	alpha fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				prognostic|diagnostic	hepatitis B cirrhosis	Hepatitis B|Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		21161373	Enhanced fucosylation of AFP was observed in HBV-LC, HCV-LC and HCC patients by ELISA using fucose binding Aleuria aurantia lectin; however, maximum binding was found in HCC.
fucosylation α1-6 linkage	increased level	alpha fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				prognostic|diagnostic	hepatitis C cirrhosis	Hepatitis C|Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		21161373	Enhanced fucosylation of AFP was observed in HBV-LC, HCV-LC and HCC patients by ELISA using fucose binding Aleuria aurantia lectin; however, maximum binding was found in HCC.
O-glycans	acquisition of structure	recombinant human interferon alpha-2b		Interferon-alpha|Recombinant Proteins				response	viral diseases			Rats	plasma		26806490	Moreover, CTP-IFN-CTP demonstrated a significant increase in in vitro thermal resistance and a higher stability against plasma protease inactivation, both features attributed to the stabilizing effects of the O-glycans provided by the CTP moiety.
O-glycans	acquisition of structure	recombinant human interferon alpha-2b		Interferon-alpha|Recombinant Proteins				response	cancers			Rats	plasma		26806490	Moreover, CTP-IFN-CTP demonstrated a significant increase in in vitro thermal resistance and a higher stability against plasma protease inactivation, both features attributed to the stabilizing effects of the O-glycans provided by the CTP moiety.
myo-inositol	undetermined							risk	Polycystic Ovary Syndrome	Polycystic Ovary Syndrome	myo-inositol supplementation	Humans	plasma		22774396	The combined therapy with myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol reduces the risk of metabolic disease in PCOS overweight patients compared to myo-inositol supplementation alone.
D-chiro-inositol	undetermined							risk	Polycystic Ovary Syndrome	Polycystic Ovary Syndrome	D-chiro-inositol supplementation	Humans	plasma		22774396	The combined therapy with myo-inositol and D-chiro-inositol reduces the risk of metabolic disease in PCOS overweight patients compared to myo-inositol supplementation alone.
mannan epitope of Saccharomyces cerevisiae	increased level							diagnostic|predictive	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease		Humans	serum		17456509	Antibodies against a mannan epitope of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (gASCA), laminaribioside (ALCA), chitobioside (ACCA), mannobioside (AMCA), outer membrane porins (Omp) and the atypical perinuclear antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (pANCA) were tested in serum samples of 1225 IBD patients, 200 healthy controls and 113 patients with non-IBD gastrointestinal inflammation.
laminaribioside	increased level							diagnostic|predictive	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease		Humans	serum		17456509	Antibodies against a mannan epitope of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (gASCA), laminaribioside (ALCA), chitobioside (ACCA), mannobioside (AMCA), outer membrane porins (Omp) and the atypical perinuclear antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (pANCA) were tested in serum samples of 1225 IBD patients, 200 healthy controls and 113 patients with non-IBD gastrointestinal inflammation.
chitobioside	increased level							diagnostic|predictive	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease		Humans	serum		17456509	Antibodies against a mannan epitope of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (gASCA), laminaribioside (ALCA), chitobioside (ACCA), mannobioside (AMCA), outer membrane porins (Omp) and the atypical perinuclear antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (pANCA) were tested in serum samples of 1225 IBD patients, 200 healthy controls and 113 patients with non-IBD gastrointestinal inflammation.
mannobioside	increased level							diagnostic|predictive	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease		Humans	serum		17456509	Antibodies against a mannan epitope of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (gASCA), laminaribioside (ALCA), chitobioside (ACCA), mannobioside (AMCA), outer membrane porins (Omp) and the atypical perinuclear antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (pANCA) were tested in serum samples of 1225 IBD patients, 200 healthy controls and 113 patients with non-IBD gastrointestinal inflammation.
N-linked glycans	increased level	GpIIb/IIIa complex		Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IIb	alpha1,6-fucosyltransferase		Glycoprotein 6-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase	diagnostic	megakaryocytic differentiation			human	megakaryocytes|platelets	Megakaryocytes	15048158	Our results show that the activity of 6FucT increased ahead of, and thereafter concomitantly with, cells expressing the CD41a antigen.
branched hexasaccharides, NeuNAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----3(NeuNAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----6)GalNAc	increased level	leukosialin		Leukosialin	beta 1----6 GlcNAc-transferase		Transferases		acute T-lymphocytic leukemia	Leukemia, T-Cell		human	T-lymphoid cells	Humans	1826222	T-lymphoid cells from patients with acute T-lymphocytic leukemia express a large amount of the branched hexasaccharides, NeuNAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----3(NeuNAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----4GlcNAc beta 1----6)GalNAc, which are also expressed in activated normal T lymphocytes, but that are almost absent in resting normal T lymphocytes.
tetrasaccharides NeuNAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----3(NeuNAc alpha 2----6)GalNAc	increased level	leukosialin		Leukosialin					chronic T-lymphocytic leukemia	Leukemia, T-Cell		human	T-lymphoid cells	Humans	1826222	T-lymphoid cells from patients with chronic T-lymphocytic leukemia, on the other hand, mainly express the tetrasaccharides NeuNAc alpha 2----3Gal beta 1----3(NeuNAc alpha 2----6)GalNAc on leukosialin, but they also express a small significant amount of the hexasaccharides.
MGL-binding glycans	increased level							prognostic	colon cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms	adjuvant chemotherapy	human	stage III tumors		26172302	Using a cohort of 386 colon cancer patients we demonstrate that high MGL binding to stage III tumors is associated with poor disease-free survival, independent of microsatellite instability or adjuvant chemotherapy.
MGL-binding glycans	increased level							prognostic	colon cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		mouse	epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract		26172302	Moreover, a positive correlation between induction of BRAF(V600E) and MGL binding to epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract was found in vivo using an inducible BRAF(V600E) mouse model.
IgG N-glycan	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		Humans	serum		22247351	IgG N-glycan content was determined from serum in 118 patients with RA by high-throughput glycan analysis using normal-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography.
IgG N-glycan	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	systemic inflammation	Inflammation		Humans	serum		22247351	Decreased galactosylation of IgG correlated to markers of inflammation, i.e., IL-6 and CRP.
IgG N-glycan	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	joint destruction		alloplastic joint replacement	Humans	serum		22247351	IgG hypogalactosylation was significantly associated with TSS (p = 0.014) and alloplastic joint replacement (OR 76.5, p = 0.041) in patients homozygous for the high expression MBL2 genotype YA/YA, but not in carriers of lower expression genotypes.
O-glycan-peptide signatures	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|response	breast cancer	Carcinoma	photodynamic therapy	Humans	epithelial cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	19103663	Specifically, phototoxic DNA aptamers were selected to bind to unique short O-glycan-peptide signatures on the surface of breast, colon, lung, ovarian and pancreatic cancer cells.
O-glycan-peptide signatures	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|response	colon cancer	Carcinoma	photodynamic therapy	Humans	epithelial cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	19103663	Specifically, phototoxic DNA aptamers were selected to bind to unique short O-glycan-peptide signatures on the surface of breast, colon, lung, ovarian and pancreatic cancer cells.
O-glycan-peptide signatures	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|response	lung cancer	Carcinoma	photodynamic therapy	Humans	epithelial cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	19103663	Specifically, phototoxic DNA aptamers were selected to bind to unique short O-glycan-peptide signatures on the surface of breast, colon, lung, ovarian and pancreatic cancer cells.
O-glycan-peptide signatures	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|response	ovarian cancer	Carcinoma	photodynamic therapy	Humans	epithelial cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	19103663	Specifically, phototoxic DNA aptamers were selected to bind to unique short O-glycan-peptide signatures on the surface of breast, colon, lung, ovarian and pancreatic cancer cells.
O-glycan-peptide signatures	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|response	pancreatic cancer	Carcinoma	photodynamic therapy	Humans	epithelial cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	19103663	Specifically, phototoxic DNA aptamers were selected to bind to unique short O-glycan-peptide signatures on the surface of breast, colon, lung, ovarian and pancreatic cancer cells.
core 2-containing O-glycans	increased level	CD43		Leukosialin	core 2 beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		Immunologic Memory	Immunologic Memory		Human	CD4 T cells	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes	10069424	Taken together, our results indicate that core 2-containing O-glycans, whose expression can easily be detected with anti-1D4, are preferentially expressed in the CD45RO+ memory subset of CD4 T cells.
HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope	loss of structure	cell adhesion molecules		Glycoproteins	glucuronyltransferase	GlcAT-P			impaired synaptic plasticity			Mice	nervous system	Nervous System	12032138	The HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope, a sulfated glucuronic acid at the non-reducing terminus of glycans, is expressed characteristically on a series of cell adhesion molecules and is synthesized through a key enzyme, glucuronyltransferase (GlcAT-P).
HNK-1 carbohydrate epitope	loss of structure	cell adhesion molecules		Glycoproteins	glucuronyltransferase	GlcAT-P			defect in spatial memory formation			Mice	nervous system	Nervous System	12032138	The GlcAT-P -/- mice exhibited normal development of gross anatomical features, but the adult mutant mice exhibited reduced long term potentiation at the Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses and a defect in spatial memory formation.
α2,6-SIA	decreased ratio	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	collagen-induced arthritis			mouse	plasma		33009208	In CIA mice, plasma IgG-α2,6-SIA/IgG ratios decreased, whereas plasma IgM-α2,6-SIA/IgM ratios increased.
α2,6-SIA	increased ratio	IgM		Immunoglobulin M				diagnostic	collagen-induced arthritis			mouse	plasma		33009208	In CIA mice, plasma IgG-α2,6-SIA/IgG ratios decreased, whereas plasma IgM-α2,6-SIA/IgM ratios increased.
α2,6-SIA	decreased ratio	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		human	plasma		33009208	Isolated IgG-α2,6-SIA/IgG ratios displayed a significant inverse correlation with DAS28 scores (r = -0.383, p = 0.037).
α2,6-SIA	increased ratio	IgM		Immunoglobulin M				diagnostic	rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		human	plasma		33009208	In contrast, isolated IgM-α2,6-SIA/IgM ratios correlated positively with DAS28 (r = 0.351, p = 0.009).
N-linked oligosaccharides	unaltered level	fetuin|recombinant human erythropoietin|kallikrein		|Erythropoietin|Kallikreins								Humans			9848672	The profiles of heavily sialylated N-linked oligosaccharides derived from fetuin, recombinant human erythropoietin and kallikrein are reported and the data show that the present method produces a high resolution of the N-linked oligosaccharide profile for fingerprinting glycans derived from glycoproteins.
T-antigen	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|predictive	epithelial malignant tumors		anti-T-antigen antibodies	Humans	epithelium		20103829	In normal epithelium, the disaccharide structure is masked by terminal carbohydrate moieties, but is uncovered in most primary and metastatic epithelial malignant tumors.
polylactosamine glycans	increased level	laminin		Laminin					breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	cell lines propagated from malignant ascites and pleural effusions	Tumor Cells, Cultured	8647922	Galectin-3 expression in the cytoplasm and intercellularly on surface membranes was greatly increased in cell lines propagated from malignant ascites and pleural effusions of late stage breast cancer.
glycans	unaltered level	Semaphorin-7A		SEMA7A protein, human|Semaphorins					Malaria, Falciparum	Malaria, Falciparum		Humans	Erythrocytes	Erythrocytes	23166499	Known naturally-occurring polymorphisms in Semaphorin-7A did not quantitatively affect MTRAP binding nor did the presence of glycans on the receptor.
alpha1,6-fucosylated N-linked glycans	increased level	GpIIb/GpIIIa complex		Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IIb	alpha1,6-fucosyltransferase	FUT8	Fucosyltransferases|Glycoprotein 6-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase	diagnostic	megakaryocytopoiesis	Thrombopoiesis	SU6656	Humans	megakaryocytes	Megakaryocytes	18854874	Glycans with this type of structure are present in GpIIb/GpIIIa complex (CD41a) which is present on megakaryocytes (Mks) and platelets.
phosphoinositol glycan	unaltered level	CD59		CD59 Antigens					autologous complement attack			human	hematopoietic cells	Hematopoietic Stem Cells	11750107	The cDNA demonstrated complete identity with CD59, a phosphoinositol glycan-linked membrane protein that protects cells against autologous complement attack.
sialylated glycan	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	nonsmall cell lung cancer	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung		human	serum	Humans	17918261	Immunoblots confirmed sialyl and fucosyl group posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of Hp.
fucosylated glycan	increased level	haptoglobin		Haptoglobins				diagnostic	nonsmall cell lung cancer	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung		human	serum	Humans	17918261	Immunoblots confirmed sialyl and fucosyl group posttranslational modifications (PTMs) of Hp.
glycans in CA125	unaltered level	MUC16		MUC16 protein, human				safety	false-positive results	False Positive Reactions		human	serum		22946917	This interaction was blocked by wheat germ agglutinin lectin as it binds to the glycans in CA125; thus, the specificity of the assay improved.
arabinoxylan oligosaccharides	undetermined							predictive	weight change		arabinoxylan oligosaccharides consumption	Humans	Feces	Feces	33319645	Microbial enterotypes beyond genus level: Bacteroides species as a predictive biomarker for weight change upon controlled intervention with arabinoxylan oligosaccharides in overweight subjects.
glycosyl-PI (GPI) anchor	loss of structure								Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria	Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal		Humans	monocytes	Monocytes	15197238	Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a clonal, acquired hematopoietic disorder characterized by a phosphatidylinositol (PI) glycan-A gene mutation, which impairs the synthesis of the glycosyl-PI (GPI) anchor, thus causing the absence of all GPI-linked proteins on the membrane of the clonal-defective cells.
sialylated glycans	decreased level	nephrin|podocalyxin		nephrin|podocalyxin	N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase		N-acyl-D-glucosamine 2-epimerase		glomerulopathy	Kidney Diseases	N-acetylmannosamine (ManNAc)	mouse	glomerulus	Kidney Glomerulus	22322304	Pathological glomerular hyposialylation has been implicated in certain unexplained glomerulopathies, including minimal change nephrosis, membranous glomerulonephritis, and IgA nephropathy.
sialylated glycans	decreased level	nephrin|podocalyxin		nephrin|podocalyxin	N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase		N-acyl-D-glucosamine 2-epimerase		minimal change nephrosis		N-acetylmannosamine (ManNAc)	mouse	glomerulus	Kidney Glomerulus	22322304	Pathological glomerular hyposialylation has been implicated in certain unexplained glomerulopathies, including minimal change nephrosis, membranous glomerulonephritis, and IgA nephropathy.
sialylated glycans	decreased level	nephrin|podocalyxin		nephrin|podocalyxin	N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase		N-acyl-D-glucosamine 2-epimerase		membranous glomerulonephritis		N-acetylmannosamine (ManNAc)	mouse	glomerulus	Kidney Glomerulus	22322304	Pathological glomerular hyposialylation has been implicated in certain unexplained glomerulopathies, including minimal change nephrosis, membranous glomerulonephritis, and IgA nephropathy.
sialylated glycans	decreased level	nephrin|podocalyxin		nephrin|podocalyxin	N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase		N-acyl-D-glucosamine 2-epimerase		IgA nephropathy		N-acetylmannosamine (ManNAc)	mouse	glomerulus	Kidney Glomerulus	22322304	Pathological glomerular hyposialylation has been implicated in certain unexplained glomerulopathies, including minimal change nephrosis, membranous glomerulonephritis, and IgA nephropathy.
disialosyl galactosyl globoside	increased level							diagnostic|predictive	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		human	serum		22808038	Serum concentrations of anti-disialosyl galactosyl globoside (DSGG), anti-fucosyl GM1 and anti-Gb2 were significantly higher in patients with HCC than in chronic HBV infection individuals not in chronic HCV infection patients.
fucosyl GM1	increased level							diagnostic|predictive	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		human	serum		22808038	Serum concentrations of anti-disialosyl galactosyl globoside (DSGG), anti-fucosyl GM1 and anti-Gb2 were significantly higher in patients with HCC than in chronic HBV infection individuals not in chronic HCV infection patients.
Gb2	increased level							diagnostic|predictive	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		human	serum		22808038	Serum concentrations of anti-disialosyl galactosyl globoside (DSGG), anti-fucosyl GM1 and anti-Gb2 were significantly higher in patients with HCC than in chronic HBV infection individuals not in chronic HCV infection patients.
N-acetyllactosamine	decreased level								Escherichia coli Infections	Escherichia coli Infections		Escherichia coli	HEp-2 cells		10377105	We found that, consistent with our previous findings with CHO cells, N-acetyllactosamine-BSA was the most effective inhibitor of EPEC localized adherence to HEp-2 cells, with Lewis X-BSA being the next best inhibitor.
Lewis X	decreased level			Lewis X Antigen					Escherichia coli Infections	Escherichia coli Infections		Escherichia coli	HEp-2 cells		10377105	BfpA and intimin expression were reduced to the greatest extent by N-acetyllactosamine-BSA and Lewis X-BSA, respectively.
N-glycan	altered level	Carcinoembryonic antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen				response	adenocarcinomas		adriamycin	Mice	cancer cells		9219849	Furthermore, the modification of N-glycan on CEA by deoxymannojirimycin, an N-glycosylation processing inhibitor, partially restored ADR sensitivity of CEA transfectants, suggesting an involvement of sugar chains.
N-linked glycan	altered level	LILRB1		LILRB1 protein, human|Leukocyte Immunoglobulin-like Receptor B1					HCMV susceptibility	Cytomegalovirus Infections	transplant	Humans	NK cells	Killer Cells, Natural	29528338	One of the polymorphisms controlled addition of an N-linked glycan, and that mutation of the glycosylation site altered binding to all ligands tested, including enhancing binding to UL18.
glycan epitope on CD52g	unaltered level	CD52g		CD52 Antigen|CD52 protein, human				response	unintended pregnancies		topical contraception	Humans	sperm	Spermatozoa	34256345	The mAb specifically reacted with a glycan epitope on CD52g, a glycoprotein produced in the male reproductive tract and found in abundance on sperm.
beta-D-GalpNAc-(1-->4)[alpha-L-Fucp-(1-->3)]-beta-D-GlcpNAc	acquisition of structure	urokinase|recombinant protein C|phospholipase A2		Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator|Protein C|Phospholipases A2								human		Humans	9711824	The trisaccharide which corresponds to a structural motif occurring in N-glycoprotein glycans from human urokinase, human recombinant protein C, phospholipase A2 as well as O-glycans, was converted into a neoglycoprotein following introduction of a cysteamine-derived spacer group and subsequent activation with thiophosgene.
phosphatidylinositol glycan	increased level	CDC91L1		Acyltransferases				prognostic	bladder urothelial cell carcinoma	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	bladder tumours	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms	17941920	CDC91L1 protein might be a potential biomarker for prediction of recurrence and a therapeutic target in bladder cancer.
HNK-1	altered level							response	nerve injury			mammals	spinal motor neurons	Motor Neurons	32987628	Because of the importance of the HNK-1 carbohydrate for preferential motor reinnervation after injury of the femoral nerve in mammals, we screened NIH Clinical Collection 1 and 2 Libraries and a Natural Product library comprising small organic compounds for identification of pharmacologically useful reagents.
Tn antigen	decreased level							diagnostic	breast cancer			Humans	cancer cells		24690557	Here breast tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens Tn were used as a model and a new photoelectrochemical biosensor for ultrasensitive detection of antibody against Tn was developed.
Tn antigen	unaltered level	glycophorin		Glycoproteins					Tn red blood cells			Humans	Erythrocytes	Erythrocytes	15864747	Another MoAb, BRIC111, mainly bound Tn-glycophorin.
MUC1	loss of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					maternal rejection of poorer quality embryos			Humans	endometrial epithelial cells	Endometrium|Epithelium	11356144	MUC1 was lost from epithelial cells beneath and near to the attached embryo, while normal expression persisted in neighbouring cells.
N-glycolylneuraminic acid	increased level	Hemagglutinin		Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus|Hemagglutinins					canine influenza virus			Canis lupus familiaris	trachea	Trachea	29997206	This mutation increased binding avidity of the virus specifically to receptor glycans with N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) and sialyl Lewis X (SLeX) motifs.
sialyl Lewis X	increased level	Hemagglutinin		Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus|Hemagglutinins					canine influenza virus			Canis lupus familiaris	trachea	Trachea	29997206	This mutation increased binding avidity of the virus specifically to receptor glycans with N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) and sialyl Lewis X (SLeX) motifs.
fucose	acquisition of structure	asialofetuin|asialotransferrin|ovalbumin		asialofetuin||	fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases					sheep	brain	Sheep|Brain	6175516	Solubilized sheep brain fucosyltransferase was shown to transfer fucose from GDP-fucose onto glycoprotein and glycopeptide acceptors, such as asialofetuin, asialotransferrin, their glycopeptides and glycopeptides from ovalbumin, but not on to monosaccharides and disaccharides such as galactose, N-acetylglucosamine and lactose.
polysaccharide	unaltered level	gp120		gp120 protein, Simian immunodeficiency virus					Simian Immunodeficiency Virus			Simian immunodeficiency virus	Viral Envelope Proteins	Viral Envelope Proteins	28539445	Spikes evade the immune system by a combination of a thick layer of polysaccharide on the surface (the glycan shield) and movement between spike domains that masks the epitope conformation.
sialyl-TN glycans	increased level	Siglec-6		Sialic Acid Binding Immunoglobulin-like Lectins|SIGLEC6 protein, human					preeclampsia	Pre-Eclampsia		human	placenta	Placenta	36359823	Elevated placental Sialic acid immunoglobulin-like lectin (Siglec)-6 expression has been correlated with preeclampsia.
N-linked glycosylation site at position 476	unaltered level	E2 glycoprotein		Viral Envelope Proteins					Hepatitis C	Hepacivirus		Human			11086118	Comparison of Gla and H77c E2(660) aa sequences with those of genotype 1a and divergent genotypes identified a number of variant amino acids, including two putative N-linked glycosylation sites at positions 476 and 532.
N-linked glycosylation site at position 532	unaltered level	E2 glycoprotein		Viral Envelope Proteins					Hepatitis C	Hepacivirus		Human			11086118	Comparison of Gla and H77c E2(660) aa sequences with those of genotype 1a and divergent genotypes identified a number of variant amino acids, including two putative N-linked glycosylation sites at positions 476 and 532.
core fucosylated LAMP2	increased level	LAMP2		LAMP2 protein, human|Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein 2	TSTA3		TSTA3 protein, human	prognostic	esophageal squamous cell carcinoma	Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma	Peracetylated 2-F-Fuc	Humans	Tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	33042286	Moreover, core fucosylated LAMP2 and terminal fucosylated ERBB2 might be mediators of TSTA3-induced pro-invasion in ESCC and had a synergistic effect on the process.
terminal fucosylated ERBB2	increased level	ERBB2		ERBB2 protein, human|Receptor, ErbB-2	TSTA3		TSTA3 protein, human	prognostic	esophageal squamous cell carcinoma	Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma	Peracetylated 2-F-Fuc	Humans	Tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	33042286	Moreover, core fucosylated LAMP2 and terminal fucosylated ERBB2 might be mediators of TSTA3-induced pro-invasion in ESCC and had a synergistic effect on the process.
O-linked monosaccharide glycans	acquisition of structure	CD43/leukosialin		Leukosialin|Sialoglycoproteins					apoptosis	Apoptosis		human	T-lymphoblastoid cells	T-Lymphocytes|Jurkat Cells	8910360	J393/CD43 was found to be hyposialylated, bearing predominantly O-linked monosaccharide glycans, whereas G10-2/CD43 bore complex sialylated tetra- and hexasaccharide chains.
complex sialylated tetra- and hexasaccharide chains	loss of structure	CD43/leukosialin		Leukosialin|Sialoglycoproteins					apoptosis	Apoptosis		human	T-lymphoblastoid cells	T-Lymphocytes|Jurkat Cells	8910360	J393/CD43 was found to be hyposialylated, bearing predominantly O-linked monosaccharide glycans, whereas G10-2/CD43 bore complex sialylated tetra- and hexasaccharide chains.
high-molecular-weight (HMW) glycosylated exoprotein	acquisition of structure	EtpA		EtpA protein, E coli					diarrheal illness			Escherichia coli	intestinal epithelial cells	Intestinal Mucosa	16552055	Together, these results indicate that the newly identified ETEC two-partner secretion locus directs the secretion of a high-molecular-weight glycosylated protein, EtpA, that in concert with the putative EtpB transporter participates in adherence of H10407 to epithelial cells, thereby expanding the repertoire of potential ETEC virulence proteins and vaccine candidates.
O-linked glycosylation	unaltered level	Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human								Chinese hamster	Chinese hamster ovary cells	CHO Cells	7539107	Moreover, regardless of the two insertion points in the alpha-subunit, the CTP sequence was O-glycosylated.
N-linked glycosylation	altered level	anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody		Antibodies, Monoclonal					B-cell lymphomas	Lymphoma, B-Cell		mice	B-cells		30181542	Crystallography study showed that our recombinant mAb is structurally nearly identical to Rituxan with only minor differences in N-linked glycosylation pattern.
LacdiNAc sequence	acquisition of structure	LAMPs-1 and -2		Lysosomal Membrane Proteins|Lysosomal Membrane Proteins	beta 1,4GalNAcT		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases					Human	293 cells	Humans	9134425	The approximately 120 kDa glycoproteins in 293 cells bound by WFA is a mixture of both the lysosome-associated membrane glycoproteins LAMPs-1 and -2.
LacdiNAc sequence	loss of structure				beta 1,4GalNAcT		N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases					Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	9134425	Thus, the beta 1,4GalNAcT in 293 cells displays a limited specificity in its recognition of acceptors, whereas the beta 1,4GalNAcT in CHO cells fails to promote synthesis of the cognate lacdiNAc sequence.
β1,6 GlcNAc branches on N-glycans	increased level				N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-V	MGAT5	N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|alpha-1,6-mannosylglycoprotein beta 1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase	prognostic	scleroderma	Scleroderma, Systemic	bleomycin	Mice	skin	Skin	25876794	Expression of GnT-V was also elevated in bleomycin (BLM)-injected sclerotic skin, and MGAT5(-/-) mice were resistant to BLM-induced skin sclerosis with reduced collagen type 1 α1 content, suggesting the biological significance of GnT-V in skin sclerosis.
sialyl Lewis x	increased level	CD34(+) cells		Antigens, CD34	alpha1-3 fucosyltransferase VI		Fucosyltransferases	response	engraftment in bone marrow	Bone Marrow Transplantation	treatment with guanosine diphosphate (GDP) fucose and exogenous alpha1-3 fucosyltransferase VI	Human	umbilical cord blood CD34(+) cells	Fetal Blood|Antigens, CD34	15280192	Treatment of CB CD34(+) cells with guanosine diphosphate (GDP) fucose and exogenous alpha1-3 fucosyltransferase VI increased cell-surface sLe(x) determinants, augmented binding to fluid-phase P- and E-selectin, and improved cell rolling on P- and E-selectin under flow.
Galbeta1-3GlcNAc	unaltered level											Halichondria okadai			18534886	A lectin recognizing both Galbeta1-3GlcNAc and Galbeta1-4GlcNAc was purified from the demosponge Halichondria okadai by lactosyl-agarose affinity chromatography.
Galbeta1-4GlcNAc	unaltered level											Halichondria okadai			18534886	A lectin recognizing both Galbeta1-3GlcNAc and Galbeta1-4GlcNAc was purified from the demosponge Halichondria okadai by lactosyl-agarose affinity chromatography.
mannosides	altered level	DC-SIGN		DC-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin				response	immune response		immunotherapies	human	DC-SIGN+ cell lines	Humans|Cell Line, Tumor	34748320	Using heteromultivalent liposomes copresenting mannosides bearing aromatic aglycones with natural glycan ligands, we serendipitously discovered striking cooperativity effects for DC-SIGN+ but not for Langerin+ cell lines.
N-linked glycans	increased level	Thy-1		Thy-1 Antigens				diagnostic	T cell tolerance	Immune Tolerance		Vbeta8.1 TCR transgenic mice	CD4+ T cells	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes	16291658	We further define the nature of the epitope recognized by the 6C10 antibody to be a subset of Thy-1 bearing incompletely sialylated N-linked glycans, and furthermore, we demonstrate that tolerant CD4+ T cells have an increased degree of cell-surface sialylation.
monosialyl T antigen	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	pancreatic cells	Humans	17974963	This altered glycosylation includes the shortened core I O-glycans for monosialyl and disialyl T antigens.
disialyl T antigen	acquisition of structure	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	pancreatic cells	Humans	17974963	This altered glycosylation includes the shortened core I O-glycans for monosialyl and disialyl T antigens.
galectin-3	increased level							diagnostic	colon cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	serum		19686089	Interestingly, galectin-3 ranged higher in cancer patients than in controls (p<0.0001), particularly in more differentiated tumors (p<0.04).
90K/Mac-2BP	increased level							diagnostic	colon cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	serum		19686089	Moreover, 90K mean values ranged higher in right-side than in left-side colon cancer.
mucin-type O-glycan	altered level							risk	cardiovascular disease	Cardiovascular Diseases		Humans	endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles	Endothelium, Vascular	34083573	Pathway enrichment analyses show that mucin-type O-glycan biosynthesis and cardiomyocyte adrenergic signaling (P < 0.001) are downstream of the three validated microRNAs.
OAcGD2	increased level							diagnostic|response	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	anti-OAcGD2 mAb8B6	human	breast cancer stem cells	Neoplastic Stem Cells	35046949	A sugar-lipid molecule called OAcGD2 is a novel marker for breast cancer stem cells.
sialylated O-glycans	acquisition of structure	Trypanosoma cruzi mucin		Mucins					Trypanosoma cruzi infection	Chagas Disease		Mice	CD4(+) T cells	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes	24204874	These molecules contain a unique type of glycosylation consisting of several sialylated O-glycans linked to the protein backbone via N-acetylglucosamine residues.
sialylated O-Linked Glycan residues	acquisition of structure	Trypanosoma cruzi mucin		Mucins					Trypanosoma cruzi infection	Chagas Disease		Mice	CD4(+) T cells	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes	24204874	We further show that the sialylated O-Linked Glycan residues from tc mucin potentiate the suppression of T cell response by inducing G1-phase cell cycle arrest associated with upregulation of mitogen inhibitor p27(kip1).
N362 glycan	loss of structure	HIV-1 Envelope glycoprotein		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|HIV Envelope Protein gp160|HIV Envelope Protein gp41				response	HIV-1	HIV-1	immunization	Rabbits			28279830	In new immunizations, we attempted to improve nAb responses by removing the N362 glycan that also lines the CD4bs.
N197 glycan	loss of structure	HIV-1 Envelope glycoprotein		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|HIV Envelope Protein gp160|HIV Envelope Protein gp41				response	HIV-1	HIV-1	immunization	Rabbits			28279830	Previously, VLPs bearing JR-FL strain HIV-1 Envelope trimers elicited potent neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) in 2/8 rabbits (PLoS Pathog 11(5): e1004932) by taking advantage of a naturally absent glycan at position 197 that borders the CD4 binding site (CD4bs).
Tn antigen	unaltered level							diagnostic	human carcinomas			Homo sapiens			10691981	SSL, the lectin isolated from Salvia sclarea seeds, recognizes the Tn antigen (GalNAcalpha-O-Ser/Thr), a specific marker of many human carcinomas.
high mannose	altered level	Lyt-2/3 antigenic complex		Antigens, Ly								mouse	thymocytes	T-Lymphocytes	3874909	Short time-pulse labeling of thymocytes reveals three different high mannose intermediates that give rise upon endo-beta-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase H digestion to three distinct precursor polypeptides of Mr = 22,000 (alpha P), Mr = 18,000 (beta P), and Mr = 19,500 (gamma P).
glycan epitopes	altered level	integrins|fibronectin|laminin|tetraspanins		|				monitoring	head and neck squamous cell carcinomas	Head and Neck Neoplasms		Humans	squamous epithelia		12701754	The aim of this study was to monitor the carbohydrate-dependent binding of labeled galectin-3 to primary head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (from the tonsil, base of the tongue and larynx) and lymph node metastases.
glycocalyx	loss of structure								sepsis	Sepsis			endothelial cells	Endothelial Cells	29717213	To mimic endothelial dysfunction, an in vitro sepsis endothelial cell culture model was established and the metabotypes associated with increased endothelial permeability and glycocalyx loss after inflammatory stimuli were quantitatively defined through metabolomics.
glycan	increased level								sepsis	Sepsis			endothelial cells	Endothelial Cells	29717213	These analyses revealed increased changes in glycan metabolism in sepsis non-survivors corresponding to metabolism of endothelial dysfunction in culture.
Sialyl Lewis x	unaltered level	P-selectin ligand protein		P-selectin ligand protein					interaction between PSGL-1 and P-selectin						10815985	Sialyl Lewis x (sLe(x)) is an established selectin ligand occurring on N- and O-linked glycans.
glycan alterations	altered level	glycopeptides		Glycopeptides				diagnostic	epithelial ovarian cancer	Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial|Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	serum		39198565	To address this, we have introduced a new method, named Comprehensive Serum Glycopeptide Spectral Analysis (CSGSA), which detects early-stage cancer by combining glycan alterations in serum glycoproteins with tumor markers.
glycan alterations	altered level	glycopeptides		Glycopeptides				diagnostic	ovarian clear cell carcinoma			Humans	serum		39198565	Notably, our method exhibited remarkable efficacy in differentiating early-stage ovarian clear cell carcinoma from endometrioma, achieving a ROC-AUC of 0.808, outperforming CA125 (0.538) and HE4 (0.557).
sialofucosylated structures	acquisition of structure	MUC16		MUC16 protein, human				prognostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	pancreatic cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	22159147	Using affinity chromatography in conjunction with tandem mass spectrometry and bioinformatics tools, we identified mucin 16 (MUC16) as a novel selectin ligand expressed by metastatic pancreatic cancer cells.
lipoarabinomannan	increased level							diagnostic	pulmonary tuberculosis	Tuberculosis, Pulmonary		human	urine		29237757	Past attempts failed to reliably detect the mycobacterial glycan antigen lipoarabinomannan (LAM), a marker of active TB, in HIV-negative, pulmonary TB-infected patients' urine (85% of 9.6 million patients).
sialyl-Tn antigen	unaltered level								cancer			Human	tumor-associated macrophages	Macrophages	23035012	Siglec-15 is expressed on tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in various human tumor tissues.
glycosylation patterns	altered level							diagnostic|monitoring	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	exosomes	Exosomes	38969421	The glycosylation profiles of exosomes have emerged as potential biomarkers, offering a novel and less invasive method for cancer diagnosis and monitoring.
glycan expression pattern	altered level							diagnostic|monitoring	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Mice	exosomes	Exosomes	38969421	The UEA-I microarray has been successfully utilized to dynamically monitor the progression of tumors in mice-bearing SW480 CRC subtype, applicable in tumor sizes ranging from 2 mm to 20 mm in diameter.
glycoprotein glycans	unaltered level								Entamoeba histolytica infection	Entamoeba histolytica		mammalian	cell membrane	Cell Membrane	1694827	It was concluded that both glycoprotein and glycosphingolipid glycans on the target cell surface are involved in attachment to E. histolytica but do not themselves induce the transmembrane signals that lead to cytoskeleton activation and target destruction.
glycosphingolipid glycans	unaltered level								Entamoeba histolytica infection	Entamoeba histolytica		mammalian	cell membrane	Cell Membrane	1694827	It was concluded that both glycoprotein and glycosphingolipid glycans on the target cell surface are involved in attachment to E. histolytica but do not themselves induce the transmembrane signals that lead to cytoskeleton activation and target destruction.
core 1 O-glycans	altered level				T-synthase	C1GALT1	C1GALT1 protein, human		Tn syndrome			animal	cell		19923218	By contrast, a mutated form of Cosmc observed in patients with Tn syndrome has reduced chaperone function.
GlcNAc-phosphatidylinositol	loss of structure	CD52		CD52 protein, human					paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria	Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal	CAMPATH-1H	human	lymphocytes	B-Lymphocytes	9148769	Therefore the phenotype of these CD52-negative B and T cells closely resembles that of lymphocytes from patients with paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH), in which the first step of the GPI-biosynthetic pathway, i.e. synthesis of GlcNAc-phosphatidylinositol, is blocked.
N-glycan	decreased level	CTLA-4		CTLA-4 Antigen	MGAT5		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases	risk	multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis		mice	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	23351704	Deficiency of the Golgi N-glycan branching enzyme Mgat5 in mice promotes T cell hyperactivity, endocytosis of CTLA-4 and autoimmunity, including a spontaneous multiple sclerosis (MS)-like disease.
N-glycan	decreased level	CTLA-4		CTLA-4 Antigen	MGAT5		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases	risk	multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis		Humans	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	23351704	Here we describe linked intronic variants of MGAT5 that are associated with reduced N-glycan branching, CTLA-4 surface expression and MS (p=5.79×10(-9), n=7,741), the latter additive with the MGAT1, IL2RA and IL7RA MS risk variants (p=1.76×10(-9), OR=0.67-1.83, n=3,518).
mannose-5 glycoform	increased level	complement C3		Glycoproteins				diagnostic|prognostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	plasma		31136099	The abundance of complement C3 with mannose-5 or mannose-6 glycoform at Asn85 was associated with HCC tumor grade.
mannose-6 glycoform	increased level	complement C3		Glycoproteins				diagnostic|prognostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	plasma		31136099	The abundance of complement C3 with mannose-5 or mannose-6 glycoform at Asn85 was associated with HCC tumor grade.
hybrid glycoform	increased level	complement C3		Glycoproteins				prognostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	plasma		31136099	Furthermore, stepwise Cox regression analyses revealed that HCC patients with a hybrid glycoform at Asn85 of complement C3 had a lower postsurgery tumor recurrence rate or mortality rate than those with a low amount of complement C3 protein.
H6	loss of structure								paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria	Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal		human	leukocytes		1378620	Affected leukocytes from four patients with PNH supported formation of GlcNAc- and GlcN-PI but all failed to express H6 and H7 as well as H8 and two showed complete absence of earlier Man-containing intermediates.
H7	loss of structure								paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria	Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal		human	leukocytes		1378620	Affected leukocytes from four patients with PNH supported formation of GlcNAc- and GlcN-PI but all failed to express H6 and H7 as well as H8 and two showed complete absence of earlier Man-containing intermediates.
H8	loss of structure								paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria	Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal		human	leukocytes		1378620	Affected leukocytes from four patients with PNH supported formation of GlcNAc- and GlcN-PI but all failed to express H6 and H7 as well as H8 and two showed complete absence of earlier Man-containing intermediates.
high-mannose-type sugars	acquisition of structure	CD19		Antigens, CD19|CD19 molecule, human					B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia		CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CART) immunotherapy	Humans	B-cell		30104252	Indeed, pulse-chase and α-mannosidase inhibitor assays showed that all CD19ex2vs acquired endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-specific high-mannose-type sugars but not complex-type glycans synthesized in the Golgi apparatus.
Fucosylated glycans	unaltered level								Delayed platelet engraftment		autologous peripheral blood progenitor cell transplant	Humans	CD34+ progenitor cells	Antigens, CD34	15934986	Fucosylated glycans, including H-antigen, play critical roles in hematopoietic progenitor cell homing, adhesion, growth, and differentiation.
O-glycan core 2 structure [Gal beta 1-3(GlcNAc beta 1-6)GalNAc]	increased level	leukosialin		Leukosialin	core 2 beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome			human	T-cell		1329093	Increased activity of this enzyme and the concomitant occurrence of the O-glycan core 2 structure [Gal beta 1-3(GlcNAc beta 1-6)GalNAc] has been observed in a variety of biological processes, such as T-cell activation and immunodeficiency due to the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome and AIDS.
O-glycan core 2 structure [Gal beta 1-3(GlcNAc beta 1-6)GalNAc]	increased level	leukosialin		Leukosialin	core 2 beta-1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		AIDS			human	T-cell		1329093	Increased activity of this enzyme and the concomitant occurrence of the O-glycan core 2 structure [Gal beta 1-3(GlcNAc beta 1-6)GalNAc] has been observed in a variety of biological processes, such as T-cell activation and immunodeficiency due to the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome and AIDS.
SSEA-1	acquisition of structure	fibronectin		Fibronectins				diagnostic	deviated cells			human	induced pluripotent stem cells	Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells	32736676	Glycoproteins obtained from cell culture supernatants of SSEA-1<sup>+</sup> deviated cells were enriched by an O-glycan binding lectin and blotted with anti-SSEA-1 antibody.
sialyl Lewis X	decreased level							response	asthma	Asthma	anti-sLe<sup>x</sup> monoclonal antibody (mAb) F2	mouse	eosinophils	Eosinophils	34576124	Here, we found that mouse eosinophils express sLe<sup>x</sup> glycans, and their infiltration into the lungs and proliferation in the bone marrow were significantly suppressed by an anti-sLe<sup>x</sup> monoclonal antibody (mAb) F2 in a murine model of ovalbumin-induced asthma.
mannan epitope of S. cerevisiae	increased level							diagnostic	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease	surgery	Humans	serum		18047543	Sera were assayed for anti-OmpC and antibodies against a mannan epitope of S. cerevisiae (gASCA), laminaribioside (ALCA), chitobioside (ACCA), and mannobioside (AMCA).
laminaribioside	increased level							diagnostic	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease	surgery	Humans	serum		18047543	Sera were assayed for anti-OmpC and antibodies against a mannan epitope of S. cerevisiae (gASCA), laminaribioside (ALCA), chitobioside (ACCA), and mannobioside (AMCA).
chitobioside	increased level							diagnostic	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease	surgery	Humans	serum		18047543	Sera were assayed for anti-OmpC and antibodies against a mannan epitope of S. cerevisiae (gASCA), laminaribioside (ALCA), chitobioside (ACCA), and mannobioside (AMCA).
mannobioside	increased level							diagnostic	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease	surgery	Humans	serum		18047543	Sera were assayed for anti-OmpC and antibodies against a mannan epitope of S. cerevisiae (gASCA), laminaribioside (ALCA), chitobioside (ACCA), and mannobioside (AMCA).
biantennary disialylated N-glycan	unaltered level											Humans	circulating cells		11050099	interleukin-1alpha binds to the biantennary disialylated N-glycan completed with two Neu5Acalpha2-3 residues
GM4 sialylated glycolipid	unaltered level											Humans	circulating cells		11050099	interleukin-1beta to a GM4 sialylated glycolipid Neu5Acalpha2-3Galbeta1-Cer having very long and unusual long-chain bases
1,7 intramolecular lactone of N-acetyl-neuraminic acid	unaltered level											Humans	circulating cells		11050099	interleukin-4 to the 1,7 intramolecular lactone of N-acetyl-neuraminic acid
N-linked and O-linked HNK-1-like epitopes	unaltered level											Humans	circulating cells		11050099	interleukin-6 to compounds having N-linked and O-linked HNK-1-like epitopes
sialyl-Tn antigen	unaltered level											Humans	circulating cells		11050099	interleukin-7 to the sialyl-Tn antigen
HIV-specific Fc-glycans	altered level	HIV-specific antibody		HIV Antibodies				monitoring	HIV infection	HIV Infections		Humans		Humans	33048992	Conversely, HIV-specific antibody features that tracked with reservoir size exhibited a combination of quantitative and qualitative changes marked by more distinct subclass selection profiles and unique HIV-specific Fc-glycans.
cell surface glycans	undetermined							diagnostic	Multidrug resistance	Drug Resistance, Neoplasm		Humans	serum		25845334	The proposed immunosensor is successfully applied to detect MDR cancer cells (MDRCC) in serum and mixed cell samples.
α2-6 sialylation	loss of structure	TNFR1	Tnfrsf1a	Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I|Tnfrsf1a protein, mouse|Tnfrsf1a protein, rat	ST6Gal-I	ST6GAL1	Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human		apoptosis	Apoptosis		mouse	peritoneal macrophages	Macrophages, Peritoneal	21930713	Peritoneal macrophages from transgenic lines displayed TNFR1 with elevated α2-6 sialylation, and these cells were significantly protected against TNFα-stimulated apoptosis.
α2-6 sialylation	acquisition of structure	TNFR1	Tnfrsf1a	Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I|Tnfrsf1a protein, mouse|Tnfrsf1a protein, rat	ST6Gal-I	ST6GAL1	Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human		apoptosis	Apoptosis		mouse	peritoneal macrophages	Macrophages, Peritoneal	21930713	Peritoneal macrophages from transgenic lines displayed TNFR1 with elevated α2-6 sialylation, and these cells were significantly protected against TNFα-stimulated apoptosis.
alpha 2-6-linked sialic acids	increased level								Influenza			Homo sapiens	airway epithelial cells	Epithelial Cells	14500706	Human influenza A/B viruses are unusual in preferring alpha 2-6-linked Sias, undergoing a switch from alpha 2-3 linkage preference during adaptation from animals to humans.
alpha 2-6-linked sialic acids	decreased level	mucins		Mucins					Influenza			Homo sapiens	secreted mucins	Mucins	14500706	This correlates with the expression of alpha 2-6-linked Sias on ciliated human airway epithelial target cells and of alpha 2-3-linked Sias on secreted soluble airway mucins, which are unable to inhibit virus binding.
alpha 2-6-linked sialic acids	increased level								Influenza			Homo sapiens	erythrocytes		14500706	Furthermore, while human and great ape leukocytes both express alpha 2-6-linked Sias, only human erythrocytes have markedly up-regulated expression.
phosphoinositol (PI) glycan moiety	altered level	Carcinoembryonic Antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen				diagnostic	colorectal cancers	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	serum		7552624	Because bacterial phospholipase C is known specifically to cleave the phosphoinositol (PI) glycan moiety that anchors CEA to the tumor cell surface, a mechanism of action for serum cleaving this anchor is suggested.
6-sulfo-sialyl Lewis x	unaltered level	peripheral node addressin							leukocyte rolling				vascular surfaces		18250165	Here, we show that substituting one residue (A108H) in the lectin domain of L-selectin increased its force-free affinity for a glycosulfopeptide binding site (2-GSP-6) on P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) but not for a sulfated-glycan binding site (6-sulfo-sialyl Lewis x) on peripheral node addressin.
O-glycan	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1					epithelial tumors						11173916	This aggregation was further enhanced by the inhibition of O-glycan biosynthesis.
MUC1 mucin	decreased level	MUC1		Mucin-1					Breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	brefeldin A	Humans	MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	18505341	In MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, a decrease in MUC1 expression depended on brefeldin A concentration and equaled about 40% in cells treated with 1mg% of drug.
MUC1 mucin	decreased level	MUC1		Mucin-1					Endometrial cancer	Endometrial Neoplasms	brefeldin A	Humans	Ishikawa cells	Cell Line, Tumor	18505341	In Ishikawa cells, a decrease in MUC1 expression was lower and amounted to about 25%.
glycan at N160	loss of structure	gp120		Antibodies, Neutralizing|CD4 Antigens|Epitopes|HIV Antibodies					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	plasma		24204277	Escape from these broadly neutralizing V2 antibodies through deletion of the glycan at N160 was associated with exposure of an epitope in the CD4 binding site that became the target for a second wave of broadly neutralizing antibodies.
glycan at position N276	acquisition of structure	gp120		Antibodies, Neutralizing|CD4 Antigens|Epitopes|HIV Antibodies					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	plasma		24204277	Neutralization by these CD4 binding site antibodies was almost entirely dependent on the glycan at position N276.
2,3-sialyl T antigen, core 1-type O-glycan	unaltered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	interstitial pneumonia			Human	serum		19899793	Human serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) antigen, a high-molecular-weight glycoprotein classified as a polymorphic epithelial mucin (MUC1), is a biomarker of diseases such as interstitial pneumonia, lung adenocarcinoma, breast cancer, colorectal adenocarcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
2,3-sialyl T antigen, core 1-type O-glycan	unaltered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	lung adenocarcinoma			Human	serum		19899793	Human serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) antigen, a high-molecular-weight glycoprotein classified as a polymorphic epithelial mucin (MUC1), is a biomarker of diseases such as interstitial pneumonia, lung adenocarcinoma, breast cancer, colorectal adenocarcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
2,3-sialyl T antigen, core 1-type O-glycan	unaltered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	breast cancer			Human	serum		19899793	Human serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) antigen, a high-molecular-weight glycoprotein classified as a polymorphic epithelial mucin (MUC1), is a biomarker of diseases such as interstitial pneumonia, lung adenocarcinoma, breast cancer, colorectal adenocarcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
2,3-sialyl T antigen, core 1-type O-glycan	unaltered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	colorectal adenocarcinoma			Human	serum		19899793	Human serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) antigen, a high-molecular-weight glycoprotein classified as a polymorphic epithelial mucin (MUC1), is a biomarker of diseases such as interstitial pneumonia, lung adenocarcinoma, breast cancer, colorectal adenocarcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
2,3-sialyl T antigen, core 1-type O-glycan	unaltered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma			Human	serum		19899793	Human serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) antigen, a high-molecular-weight glycoprotein classified as a polymorphic epithelial mucin (MUC1), is a biomarker of diseases such as interstitial pneumonia, lung adenocarcinoma, breast cancer, colorectal adenocarcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
sialyl-Lewis(x)	increased level				sialyltransferase|fucosyltransferase	ST3GAL3-4|FUT5-7	Glycosyltransferases|Glycosyltransferases		Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal|Pancreatic Neoplasms		Human	MDAPanc-28 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	25934648	IL-1β stimuli increased SLe(x) and α2,6-sialic acid levels in MDAPanc-28 cells and enhanced the mRNA levels of ST3GAL3-4 and FUT5-7, which codify for ST and FucT enzymes related to SLe(x) biosynthesis, and of ST6GAL1.
sialyl-Lewis(x)	increased level				sialyltransferase|fucosyltransferase	ST3GAL3-4|FUT1-2|FUT6	Glycosyltransferases|Glycosyltransferases		Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal|Pancreatic Neoplasms		Human	MDAPanc-3 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	25934648	IL-6 and TNFα treatments increased the levels of SLe(x) and Le(y) antigens in MDPanc-3 cells and, similarly, the mRNA expression of ST3GAL3-4, FUT1-2 and FUT6, related to these Lewis-type antigens' biosynthesis, were increased.
Lewis(y)	increased level				sialyltransferase|fucosyltransferase	ST3GAL3-4|FUT1-2|FUT6	Glycosyltransferases|Glycosyltransferases		Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma	Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal|Pancreatic Neoplasms		Human	MDAPanc-3 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	25934648	IL-6 and TNFα treatments increased the levels of SLe(x) and Le(y) antigens in MDPanc-3 cells and, similarly, the mRNA expression of ST3GAL3-4, FUT1-2 and FUT6, related to these Lewis-type antigens' biosynthesis, were increased.
glycans	unaltered level	SARS-CoV-2 spike protein		Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus|spike protein, SARS-CoV-2				diagnostic|monitoring	COVID-19	COVID-19		Humans	lab-made samples		34470205	Lastly, the platform was implemented for the rapid, sensitive, and regenerable recognition of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and human ferritin in lab-made samples.
alpha 2,6-linked sialic acid	increased level	E-selectin|ICAM-1|VCAM-1		|Cell Adhesion Molecules|Cell Adhesion Molecules	beta-galactoside alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase		beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase		inflammatory and immunological processes			human	endothelial cells	Endothelium, Vascular	8144653	Analysis of labeled HEC showed both a relative and an absolute increase of alpha 2,6-linked sialic acid on N-linked oligosaccharides after TNF-alpha stimulation.
alpha1,4-GlcNAc-capped O-glycans	increased level	alpha1,4-N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	peripheral blood mononuclear cells	Leukocytes, Mononuclear	16441422	alpha1,4-N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase (alpha4GnT) is a glycosyltransferase responsible for the biosynthesis of alpha1,4-GlcNAc-capped O-glycans, and is frequently expressed in pancreatic cancer cells but not peripheral blood cells.
heparin	unaltered level	transferrin		Transferrin									HepG2 cells	Hep G2 Cells	21467632	Moreover, rGST-NKG2A and rGST-NKG2C bound to multimeric sialyl Lewis X expressing transferrin secreted by HepG2 cells with K(d) values of 80 and 114 nM, respectively.
α2,3-NeuAc-containing glycoproteins	unaltered level	transferrin		Transferrin									HepG2 cells	Hep G2 Cells	21467632	Moreover, rGST-NKG2A and rGST-NKG2C bound to multimeric sialyl Lewis X expressing transferrin secreted by HepG2 cells with K(d) values of 80 and 114 nM, respectively.
PD-L1 glycosylation	altered level	PD-L1		B7-H1 Antigen|CD274 protein, human				response	breast cancer		metformin	human	tumor tissues	Cell Line, Tumor	30118680	Consistently, tumor tissues from metformin-treated breast cancer patients exhibit reduced PD-L1 levels with AMPK activation.
agalactosylated (G0) IgG	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	Wegener's granulomatosis	Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis		Humans	serum		12100039	The G0 levels for polyclonal IgG isolated from the sera of both WG and MPA patients were significantly increased compared to controls (P < 0.0001).
agalactosylated (G0) IgG	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				diagnostic	microscopic polyangiitis			Humans	serum		12100039	The G0 levels for polyclonal IgG isolated from the sera of both WG and MPA patients were significantly increased compared to controls (P < 0.0001).
T-Antigen	unaltered level				beta-1,3-galactosyltransferase		Galactosyltransferases|WbiP protein, E coli	diagnostic	cancer		carbohydrate-based anticancer vaccines	Escherichia coli	lipopolysaccharide		18179256	T-Antigen is found to be closely associated with cancer progression and metastasis and has been used to develop carbohydrate-based anticancer vaccines.
fucosylated lactosamines	undetermined	HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV infection	HIV-1		human	dendritic cells	Dendritic Cells	14689277	Here, we define a potential role for fucosylated glycans involved in the adhesion of cells expressing anchored HIV-1 glycoprotein or HIV virions to human dendritic cells (DCs).
N-linked glycan	altered level	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|gp120 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1					HIV-1 infectivity	HIV Infections|HIV-1		Humans	HIV-1 particles	HIV-1	32796070	We observed that SERINC5 reduced the binding of HIV-1 particles bearing a SERINC5-susceptible Env to antibodies that recognize the V3 loop, a soluble CD4 (sCD4)-induced epitope, and an N-linked glycan.
N-glycans	undetermined	lamp A		Lysosomal Membrane Proteins|Membrane Glycoproteins								Humans	lysosomal membrane	Lysosomes|Membrane Glycoproteins	3131762	The results obtained by endoglycosidase F digestion support the conclusion that this glycoprotein contains 18 N-glycans.
V3-glycan	altered level	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1 infection	HIV Infections|HIV-1		Humans			35003053	In this study, we identified a polyclonal bNAb response to natural HIV-1 infection targeting CD4 binding site (CD4bs), V3-glycan, gp120-gp41 interface and membrane-proximal external region (MPER) epitopes on the HIV-1 envelope (Env).
complex hybrid glycans	increased level							diagnostic	Breast Neoplasms	Breast Neoplasms	MEK inhibitor	Humans	breast epithelial cell line	Epithelial Cells	32205440	We found massive oncogene-induced changes to the glycoproteome and differential increases in complex hybrid glycans, especially for KRAS and HER2 oncogenes.
Gal4,4,4TRI	unaltered level	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins	galactosyltransferase							Cattle	fetal calf serum	Cattle	1375510	Complex type N-glycosides of commercial bovine fetuin preparations from pooled fetal calf serum have been shown to contain comparable amounts of Gal4,4,4TRI (see structure A below) and Gal4,4,3TRI (structure B) as major asialo-structures.
Gal4,4,3TRI	unaltered level	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins	galactosyltransferase							Cattle	fetal calf serum	Cattle	1375510	Complex type N-glycosides of commercial bovine fetuin preparations from pooled fetal calf serum have been shown to contain comparable amounts of Gal4,4,4TRI (see structure A below) and Gal4,4,3TRI (structure B) as major asialo-structures.
fucosyl biantennary complex type structure	unaltered level	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins								Swine		Swine	1375510	However, the major N-glycoside of porcine fetuin is of a fucosyl biantennary complex type structure (structure C below) and human alpha 2-HS-glycoprotein has an N-glycoside which is almost exclusively a nonfucosylated biantennary structure (structure D).
nonfucosylated biantennary structure	unaltered level	alpha 2-HS-glycoprotein		alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein								Humans		Humans	1375510	However, the major N-glycoside of porcine fetuin is of a fucosyl biantennary complex type structure (structure C below) and human alpha 2-HS-glycoprotein has an N-glycoside which is almost exclusively a nonfucosylated biantennary structure (structure D).
sialyl lactosylceramide	acquisition of structure				sialyltransferase		Sialyltransferases								21173959	To further demonstrate its potential, an enzymatic reaction of fluorescently tagged lactosylceramide using sialyltransferase was carried out, and the conversion yield was obtained on the basis of fluorescence detection.
poly-N-acetyllactosamine	increased level	Galectin-3		Galectin 3				diagnostic	breast carcinoma	Breast Neoplasms|Carcinoma		Humans	MDA-MB-435 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	11297262	Galectin-3 is an endogenous beta-galactoside-binding protein with specificity for type I and II ABH blood group epitopes and poly-N-acetyllactosamine glycan-containing cell surface glycoproteins and is the major nonintegrin cellular laminin-binding protein.
O-glycan	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				risk	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	infusion of small Lp(a) or high reactivity anti-Gal	human	tumor cells	Humans	31955603	O-Glycosylation of MUC1, though more frequent than in normal cells, was incomplete in tumor cells as revealed by binding of the O-glycan-specific lectin jacalin, accounting for the access of anti-Gal to its peptide ligand in cancer MUC1.
O-glycan	decreased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				risk	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	infusion of small Lp(a) or high reactivity anti-Gal	human	tumor cells	Humans	31955603	However, increasing O-glycosylation and decreasing O-glycan length of MUC1 with tumor advance increased anti-Gal specific reactivity, indicating antigenic stimulation and/or affinity maturation of the antibody by tumor MUC1.
N-glycan	altered level	dopachrome tautomerase		dopachrome isomerase				prognostic	melanoma	Melanoma		Humans	melanoma cell lines	Melanocytes|Melanoma|HEK293 Cells|HeLa Cells|Humans	24709887	DCT and Tyr are simultaneously analyzed in melanoma cell lines by semiquantitative RT-PCR, western blot, and N-glycan analysis, and in cell populations of melanocytic tumors by immunohistofluorescence using a novel anti-hDCT antibody against an extended sequence within DCT luminal domain.
high mannose-type glycans	loss of structure	gp120						response	HIV-1 infection	HIV-1	microvirin	HIV-1	virus		20507987	Long term passaging of HIV-1 exposed to dose-escalating concentrations of MVN resulted in the selection of a mutant virus with four deleted high mannose-type glycans in the envelope gp120.
glycan in the Fc domain	altered level	trastuzumab		Trastuzumab					Breast Neoplasms	Breast Neoplasms	radioimmunotherapy	Humans	SK-Br-3 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	24838009	These hydrazide-terminated polymers were site-specifically conjugated to aldehyde groups generated by NaIO4 oxidation of the pendant glycan in the Fc domain of tmab.
carboxylated glycans	unaltered level								osteoarthritis	Osteoarthritis		human	chondrocytes	Chondrocytes	22127564	Blocking TLR-4, but not carboxylated glycans or RAGE, inhibited the S100 effect.
O-linked N-acetylgalactosamine	acquisition of structure	beta-subunit of chorionic gonadotropin		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human					choriocarcinoma	Choriocarcinoma		Human	JAR choriocarcinoma cells	Cell Line|Choriocarcinoma	2463905	Dimer p beta 2 differs from both p beta 1 and uncombined p beta 2 in that it contains an O-linked N-acetylgalactosamine, which represents the first step in the formation of the O-linked glycans of beta-subunit.
polylactosaminoglycan	altered level	h-lamp-1|h-lamp-2		Lysosomal Membrane Proteins|Lysosomal Membrane Proteins					chronic myelogenous leukemia			human	chronic myelogenous leukemia cells	Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute	3143719	Two major lysosomal membrane glycoproteins with apparent Mr approximately 120,000 were purified from chronic myelogenous leukemia cells.
GalNAc beta(1-4)GlcNAc beta-OMe	acquisition of structure				human milk alpha 3/4-fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases|3-galactosyl-N-acetylglucosaminide 4-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase					Humans		Humans	7901053	Incubation of GalNAc beta(1-4)GlcNAc beta-OMe with GDP-Fuc in the presence of human milk alpha 3/4-fucosyltransferase resulted in the formation of GalNAc beta(1-4)[Fuc alpha(1-3)]GlcNAc beta-OMe.
IgA1 N-linked glycans	altered level	Immunoglobulin A		Immunoglobulin A					secondary IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans	circulating immune complexes	Antigen-Antibody Complex	22126980	Their seminal findings demonstrate abnormal glycosylation of IgA1 N-linked as well as O-linked glycans.
IgA1 O-linked glycans	altered level	Immunoglobulin A		Immunoglobulin A					secondary IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Humans	circulating immune complexes	Antigen-Antibody Complex	22126980	Their seminal findings demonstrate abnormal glycosylation of IgA1 N-linked as well as O-linked glycans.
Siglec-E ligands	increased level	Deleted in malignant brain tumors-1							vascular inflammation		NF-κB inhibitor	mouse	aorta	Aorta	31918287	In vivo, the expression of Siglec-E ligands was increased in mice aortas in response to LPS treatment in an NF-κB signaling pathway dependent manner.
Siglec-E ligands	increased level	Deleted in malignant brain tumors-1							vascular inflammation		NF-κB inhibitor	mouse	MAECs	Endothelial Cells	31918287	In MAECs, the expression of Siglec-E ligands was also increased by LPS via an NF-κB signaling pathway.
sulfated N-glycans	undetermined	lutropin		Luteinizing Hormone					hormonal clearance						10748230	Cys-MR binds to the sulfated carbohydrate chains of pituitary hormones and may have a role in hormonal clearance.
chondroitin-4 sulfate	undetermined	proteoglycans		Proteoglycans					immune system						10748230	Here we describe two novel classes of carbohydrate ligand for Cys-MR: chondroitin-4 sulfate chains of the type found on proteoglycans produced by cells of the immune system, and sulfated blood group chains.
sialylated glycans	increased level				sialyltransferases		Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human		cancer				tumour cell surface		32616185	Sialyltransferases (ST), the enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of sialylated glycans are highly upregulated in cancer and the resulting hypersialylation of the tumour cell surface correlates strongly with tumour growth, metastasis and drug resistance.
Lewis X	unaltered level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				risk	HIV-1 transmission	HIV Infections|HIV-1|Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical		Humans	Milk	Milk, Human	19406479	The O-linked glycans within the mucin domain contained Lewis X structures, that were specifically recognized by the receptor.
N-linked high mannose type	unaltered level	ribonuclease B										Campylobacter jejuni	periplasmic protein extracts		19525481	IP-NPLC recovers close to 100% of bacterial N-linked glycopeptides modified with non-sialylated heptasaccharides from tryptic digests of periplasmic protein extracts from Campylobacter jejuni 11168 and its pglD mutant.
heptasaccharides containing monoacetylated bacillosamine	unaltered level											Campylobacter jejuni	periplasmic protein extracts		19525481	This method further confirms the acetyltransferase activity of PglD and demonstrates for the first time that heptasaccharides containing monoacetylated bacillosamine are transferred to proteins in both the wild-type and mutant strains.
GlcNAcalpha1-->4Galbeta-->R	increased level				alpha1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases	diagnostic|monitoring	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms	surgical removal	Humans	peripheral blood	Leukocytes, Mononuclear	12594234	The transcripts of alpha4GnT were detected in the mononuclear cell fraction isolated from 62.2% of 37 gastric cancer patients but not from any of 23 healthy individuals.
galactosylation	decreased level	total IgG1		Immunoglobulin G				prognostic	Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis	Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis		Humans			28169190	Patients with total IgG1 exhibiting low galactosylation or low sialylation were highly prone to relapse after an ANCA rise (HR 3.46 [95%-CI 1.73-6.96], p<0.0001 and HR 3.22 [95%-CI 1.52-6.83], p=0.002, respectively).
sialylation	decreased level	total IgG1		Immunoglobulin G				prognostic	Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis	Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis		Humans			28169190	Patients with total IgG1 exhibiting low galactosylation or low sialylation were highly prone to relapse after an ANCA rise (HR 3.46 [95%-CI 1.73-6.96], p<0.0001 and HR 3.22 [95%-CI 1.52-6.83], p=0.002, respectively).
fucosylation	increased level	total IgG1		Immunoglobulin G				prognostic	Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis	Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis		Humans			28169190	In relapsing patients, total IgG1 galactosylation, sialylation and bisection significantly decreased and fucosylation significantly increased from the time of the PR3-ANCA rise to the relapse (p<0.0001, p=0.0087, p<0.0001 and p=0.0025), while the glycosylation profile remained similar in non-relapsing patients.
bisection	decreased level	total IgG1		Immunoglobulin G				prognostic	Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis	Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis		Humans			28169190	In relapsing patients, total IgG1 galactosylation, sialylation and bisection significantly decreased and fucosylation significantly increased from the time of the PR3-ANCA rise to the relapse (p<0.0001, p=0.0087, p<0.0001 and p=0.0025), while the glycosylation profile remained similar in non-relapsing patients.
branched N-glycan	acquisition of structure				GnT-V		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|alpha-1,6-mannosylglycoprotein beta 1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase	risk	breast carcinoma	Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental		mouse	mammary epithelial cells		21078982	The expression of an enzyme, GnT-V, that catalyzes a specific posttranslational modification of a family of glycoproteins, namely a branched N-glycan, is transcriptionally up-regulated during breast carcinoma oncogenesis.
branched N-glycan	loss of structure				GnT-V		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|alpha-1,6-mannosylglycoprotein beta 1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase	risk	mammary tumor	Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental		mouse	mammary tumor cells		21078982	The disrupted acinar morphogenesis of mammary tumor cells in 3D culture caused by her-2 expression was reversed in tumors that lacked GnT-V expression.
phosphatidylinositol-glycan	acquisition of structure	Fc gamma RIII		Glycosylphosphatidylinositols					leukemia			Human	THP-1 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	1531473	These results indicated that TGF-beta 1 could induce phosphatidylinositol-glycan-linked Fc gamma RIII (Fc gamma RIII-I) in THP-1 cells in the presence of RA.
N-linked high mannose glycans	undetermined	B-L antigens		Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte|Histocompatibility Antigens Class II|Ia-like antigens, avian								Chicken	RP9 lymphoblastoid line		2942601	The alpha and beta chains undergo a N-glycosylation of complex type, whereas the invariant molecules bear N-linked high mannose glycans, and perhaps also O-linked glycans in the RP9 lymphoblastoid line.
PIGL	altered level							prognostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms	lenvatinib with PD-1 blockade therapy	Humans	tumor	Tumor Microenvironment	37280393	Clinically, elevated nuclear PIGL predicts a better prognosis for HCC patients and presents a positive correlation with CD8 + T-cell enrichment in tumors.
glycans attached to both Cbeta and Calpha domains	undetermined	T cell receptor (TCR)		Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta											9427737	This loop, along with the partially exposed ABED beta sheet of Cbeta, and glycans attached to both Cbeta and Calpha domains, forms a cavity of sufficient size to accommodate a single non-glycosylated Ig domain such as the CD3epsilon ectodomain.
3'-sialyl-6-sulfo Lewis a	acquisition of structure				Colo 205 Lewis type (alpha 1, 3/4) fucosyltransferase		beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate		Swine	liver	Liver	7534477	A partially purified Colo 205 Lewis type (alpha 1, 3/4) fucosyltransferase catalyzed the formation of 3'-sialyl-6-sulfo Lewis a from [9-3H]NeuAc alpha 2, 3Gal beta 1, 3(6-sulfo)GlcNAc beta-O-Allyl and copolymer containing [9-3H]NeuAc alpha 2, 3Gal beta 1, 3(6-sulfo)GlcNAc beta- units, using GDP[14C]Fuc as fucosyl donor.
3'-sialyl LacNAc	acquisition of structure	leukosialin			HL-60 ST		beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		tumor	Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate		Swine	liver	Liver	7534477	Further, we observed the alpha 2,3 sialylation of Gal beta 1,4GlcNAc beta- but not Gal beta 1,3GlcNAc beta- by HL60-ST, consistent with the occurrence of 3'-sialyl LacNAc and 3'-sialyl Lewis x units in leukosialin of HL60.
Siaα2-6Gal/GalNAc	increased level	fetuin-A		alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein				risk	diabetic nephropathy	Diabetic Nephropathies		Humans	urine		24143207	The increased signals of urine samples were observed in Siaα2-6Gal/GalNAc-binding lectins (SNA, SSA, TJA-I) during the progression of diabetic nephropathy.
N-glycans	altered level							diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	serum		19223512	The abundance of 57 N-glycans was significantly altered in HCC patients compared with controls.
N-glycans	increased level							risk	chronic viral infection	Hepatitis B, Chronic|Hepatitis C, Chronic		Humans	serum		19223512	whereas the other glycans increased significantly at earlier stages of the progression of chronic viral infection to HCC.
core 2-branched O-glycans	acquisition of structure				core 2 beta1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-1		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase	prognostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	prostate	Prostatic Neoplasms	15932919	In this study, we found that expression of core 2 beta1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-1, Core2GnT, is positively correlated with the progression of prostate cancer in human patients.
Neu5Gc	loss of structure				CMAH		Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3		human-adapted pathogens			Hominin			32556248	"Human-specific pseudogenization of the CMAH gene eliminated the mammalian sialic acid (Sia) Neu5Gc (generating an excess of its precursor Neu5Ac), thus changing ubiquitous cell surface ""self-associated molecular patterns"" that modulate innate immunity via engagement of CD33-related-Siglec receptors."
Neu5Ac	acquisition of structure				CMAH		Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3		human-adapted pathogens			Hominin			32556248	"Human-specific pseudogenization of the CMAH gene eliminated the mammalian sialic acid (Sia) Neu5Gc (generating an excess of its precursor Neu5Ac), thus changing ubiquitous cell surface ""self-associated molecular patterns"" that modulate innate immunity via engagement of CD33-related-Siglec receptors."
glycans	undetermined	HIV-1 gp120(LAI)		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1 infection	HIV-1		Humans	CD4(+) CXCR4(+) cells	U937 Cells	10600606	These data demonstrate that glycans and glycosaminoglycans are directly or indirectly involved in the interactions of HIV-1 gp120(LAI) and of SDF-1alpha with membrane ligands of CD4(+) CXCR4(+) cells and thus could play a role both in HIV-1 infection and in the physiology of SDF-1alpha.
glycosaminoglycans	undetermined	HIV-1 gp120(LAI)		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1 infection	HIV-1		Humans	CD4(+) CXCR4(+) cells	U937 Cells	10600606	These data demonstrate that glycans and glycosaminoglycans are directly or indirectly involved in the interactions of HIV-1 gp120(LAI) and of SDF-1alpha with membrane ligands of CD4(+) CXCR4(+) cells and thus could play a role both in HIV-1 infection and in the physiology of SDF-1alpha.
3'-sulpho-Le(x)	undetermined								epithelial tumours			human	colonic epithelium	Intestinal Mucosa	11604107	We now describe a MAb (rat hybridoma MIN/3/60) raised to 3'-sulpho-Le(x), a carbohydrate sequence which, in vitro, is bound not only by the E-, L-, and P-selectins, but also by the cysteine-rich domain of the macrophage endocytosis receptor.
3'-sulpho-Le(a)	undetermined								epithelial tumours			human	colonic epithelium	Intestinal Mucosa	11604107	We observe that MIN/3/60 is bispecific, however; it binds 3'-sulpho-Le(a) as well as 3'-sulpho-Le(x).
core 2-based O-glycans	acquisition of structure	MUC1		Mucin-1					Breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Human	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	12519300	The profile of activated T-cell reactivity with different MUC1-specific antibodies suggested that the glycoform of MUC1 expressed by the activated T cells carried core 2-based O-glycans, as opposed to the core 1 structures that dominate in the cancer-associated mucin.
N-linked glycan moieties	altered level	alpha 1-protease inhibitor		alpha 1-Antitrypsin					human hepatoma	Liver Neoplasms, Experimental		Humans	Hep G2 cells	Cell Line	2434831	Using a pulse-chase protocol, we found that treatment of Hep G2 cultures with 1.25 mM DNJ markedly reduced the rate of secretion of alpha 1-protease inhibitor, ceruloplasmin, and alpha 2-macroglobulin, but had no effect on the export of fibronectin, alpha-fetoprotein and transferrin, nor on albumin which lacks carbohydrate.
N-linked glycan moieties	altered level	ceruloplasmin		Ceruloplasmin					human hepatoma	Liver Neoplasms, Experimental		Humans	Hep G2 cells	Cell Line	2434831	Using a pulse-chase protocol, we found that treatment of Hep G2 cultures with 1.25 mM DNJ markedly reduced the rate of secretion of alpha 1-protease inhibitor, ceruloplasmin, and alpha 2-macroglobulin, but had no effect on the export of fibronectin, alpha-fetoprotein and transferrin, nor on albumin which lacks carbohydrate.
N-linked glycan moieties	altered level	alpha 2-macroglobulin		alpha-Macroglobulins					human hepatoma	Liver Neoplasms, Experimental		Humans	Hep G2 cells	Cell Line	2434831	Using a pulse-chase protocol, we found that treatment of Hep G2 cultures with 1.25 mM DNJ markedly reduced the rate of secretion of alpha 1-protease inhibitor, ceruloplasmin, and alpha 2-macroglobulin, but had no effect on the export of fibronectin, alpha-fetoprotein and transferrin, nor on albumin which lacks carbohydrate.
polylactosamine glycans	altered level								pulmonary fibrosis	Pulmonary Fibrosis	irradiation	rat	lung	Lung	8774488	To determine the distribution and regulation of galectin 3 during pulmonary injury, which is known to be accompanied by profound changes in the carbohydrate moieties of cell surface glycoproteins of alveolar cells, a rat model of irradiation-induced lung inflammation and repair was used.
ABH-blood group carbohydrate epitopes	altered level								pulmonary fibrosis	Pulmonary Fibrosis	irradiation	rat	lung	Lung	8774488	To determine the distribution and regulation of galectin 3 during pulmonary injury, which is known to be accompanied by profound changes in the carbohydrate moieties of cell surface glycoproteins of alveolar cells, a rat model of irradiation-induced lung inflammation and repair was used.
α2,6-sialylated glycoconjugates	decreased level	CD63		Antigens, CD	ST6Gal-I	ST6GAL1	Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human	prognostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		human	exosomes	Exosomes	34559939	The silencing of α2,6-sialyltransferase I (ST6Gal-I) significantly reduced the levels of α2,6-sialylated glycoconjugates on CD63 and the surface of HCC-derived exosomes (HCC-exo).
galactosylated IgG	increased level	Immunoglobulin G		glycosylated IgG				response	chronic hepatitis B	Hepatitis B, Chronic	YIC therapeutic vaccine	Humans	serum		31261570	During YIC treatment, 26 patients with lower IgG galactosylation level at baseline [galactosylation level (Gal-ratio) = -0.29, 0.18 (mean, SD)] showed sustained increase of serum galactosylated IgG, and responded to YIC treatment by HBeAg seroconversion.
galactosylated IgG	decreased level	Immunoglobulin G		glycosylated IgG				response	chronic hepatitis B	Hepatitis B, Chronic	YIC therapeutic vaccine	Humans	serum		31261570	For HBeAg-positive CHB patients lower serum IgG galactosylation level may serve as an indicator for selecting a suitable subpopulation of candidates for YIC therapeutic vaccination.
triantennary N-linked oligosaccharides	increased level	human chorionic gonadotropin beta subunit		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human					choriocarcinoma	Choriocarcinoma		human	BeWo cell line	Cell Line	1374031	The incidence of triantennary carbohydrate chains is much higher than in normal urinary hCG-beta (26% vs 2%).
alpha 1-6-fucosylation of the asparagine-bound GlcNAc	increased level	human chorionic gonadotropin beta subunit		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human					choriocarcinoma	Choriocarcinoma		human	BeWo cell line	Cell Line	1374031	The same holds for the alpha 1-6-fucosylation of the asparagine-bound GlcNAc (95% vs 42%).
bisecting GlcNAc	acquisition of structure	human chorionic gonadotropin beta subunit		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human					choriocarcinoma	Choriocarcinoma		human	BeWo cell line	Cell Line	1374031	The presence of a bisecting GlcNAc and the occurrence of alpha 2-6-linked Neu5Ac in the most abundant N-glycans, are new features for hCG-beta.
Thy-1	loss of structure	Thy-1 Antigens		Thy-1 Antigens					idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis	Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis		Humans	lung fibroblasts	Fibroblasts	21577212	Fibroblasts in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) are Thy-1 negative, whereas most fibroblasts from normal lungs are Thy-1 positive.
Thy-1	loss of structure	Thy-1 Antigens		Thy-1 Antigens					hypersensitivity pneumonitis	Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic		Humans	lung fibroblasts	Fibroblasts	21577212	We identified a primary culture of HP fibroblasts, which did not express Thy-1, and compared several functional activities between Thy-1 (-) and Thy-1 (+) fibroblasts.
sialyl Lewis a	acquisition of structure				alpha1,3/4-L-fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases|3-galactosyl-N-acetylglucosaminide 4-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase		lung adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous|Lung Neoplasms		Human	lung tumor	Humans	11425796	Thus, the human lung tumor alpha1,3/4-L-FT has the potential to generate clustered sialyl Lewis a and Lewis b determinants in N-glycans and sialyl Lewis x determinant in mucin core 2 structures.
sialyl Lewis b	acquisition of structure				alpha1,3/4-L-fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases|3-galactosyl-N-acetylglucosaminide 4-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase		lung adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous|Lung Neoplasms		Human	lung tumor	Humans	11425796	Thus, the human lung tumor alpha1,3/4-L-FT has the potential to generate clustered sialyl Lewis a and Lewis b determinants in N-glycans and sialyl Lewis x determinant in mucin core 2 structures.
sialyl Lewis x	acquisition of structure				alpha1,3/4-L-fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases|3-galactosyl-N-acetylglucosaminide 4-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase		lung adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous|Lung Neoplasms		Human	lung tumor	Humans	11425796	Thus, the human lung tumor alpha1,3/4-L-FT has the potential to generate clustered sialyl Lewis a and Lewis b determinants in N-glycans and sialyl Lewis x determinant in mucin core 2 structures.
Asn-linked oligosaccharides	loss of structure	Lamp-1|Lamp-2		Lysosomal Membrane Proteins|Lysosomal Membrane Proteins					proteolytic digestion			Cricetinae	lysosomal membrane proteins	Lysosomal Membrane Proteins	10521503	Deglycosylation of Lamp-1 and Lamp-2 resulted in their rapid degradation, whereas Limp-2 was relatively stable in the lysosome in the absence of high mannose Asn-linked oligosaccharides.
anti-glycan antibodies	increased level							diagnostic|predictive	inflammatory bowel disease	Colitis, Ulcerative|Crohn Disease	anti-TNFα therapy|surgery	Human	serum		28210079	C-reactive protein (CRP), anti-glycan antibodies, anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae mannan antibodies IgG, anti-mannobioside carbohydrate antibodies IgG, anti-laminariobioside carbohydrate antibodies IgG and anti-chitobioside carbohydrate antibodies IgA were also determined via immunonephelometry and ELISA, respectively.
Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen	unaltered level			Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen				prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms	33572915	No association was observed between the expression of the TF antigen and MSI-high status in CRC.
Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen	unaltered level			Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen				prognostic	MSI-high colorectal cancer	Microsatellite Instability|Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms	33572915	The survival analysis revealed that patients with MSI-high CRC showed improved survival when the TF antigen was expressed.
N-glycan	altered level	TCRalpha		Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta					abnormalities in T cell development			Mice	CD4+CD8+ thymocytes	T-Lymphocyte Subsets	9726972	The molecular basis for TCRalpha instability in CD4+CD8+ thymocytes is unknown but has been postulated to involve abnormalities in N-glycan processing and calnexin assembly as perturbation of these pathways markedly destabilizes TCRalpha proteins in all other T cell types examined.
N-linked glycans	loss of structure	invariant chain		invariant chain									B cells	B-Lymphocytes	8065372	In addition, we show that this polypeptide species does not bear N-linked glycans, indicating that this fragment does not extend beyond residue 129 of Ii.
phosphatidylinositol glycan (PIG)	altered level								Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria	Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal		Humans	NK lymphocytes	Killer Cells, Natural	1698101	Pathophysiologically the disease has now been generally accepted as an acquired defect of phosphatidylinositol glycan (PIG)-anchored molecules on the cell surface of bone marrow-derived cells.
Galectin-8	increased level							prognostic	angiogenesis	Neovascularization, Physiologic		Mice	Endothelial Cells	Endothelial Cells	20876211	Here, we show that Gal-8 is endowed with proangiogeneic properties.
Galectin-8	increased level							prognostic	tumor biology	Neoplasms		Mice	Endothelial Cells	Endothelial Cells	20876211	Collectively, these data provide the first evidence demonstrating an essential role for Gal-8 in the regulation of angiogenesis with critical implications in tumor biology.
sialic acids	increased level								cancer			Human	hematopoietic progenitor cells	Hematopoietic Stem Cells	31084605	Human hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) are important for cell therapy in cancer and tissue regeneration.
sialic acids	increased level								tissue regeneration			Human	hematopoietic progenitor cells	Hematopoietic Stem Cells	31084605	Human hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) are important for cell therapy in cancer and tissue regeneration.
Lewisx (Lex) epitope	acquisition of structure	asialoerythropoietin|bovine asialofetuin		Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins	alpha3-fucosyltransferase IX (FUT9)		FUT9 protein, human					Human	HeLa cells	Cell Line	18395013	In vivo, HeLa cells transfected with FUT9wt expressed de novo Lex, as detected by immunofluorescence microscopy.
Neu5Gcα2-6GalNAcα1-O-Ser/Thr (GcSTn)	increased level	Sialyl-Tn						diagnostic|prognostic	carcinomas	Adenocarcinoma|Breast Neoplasms|Colonic Neoplasms|Neoplasms		Humans	serum		21505105	Antibodies against Neu5Gcα2-6GalNAcα1-O-Ser/Thr (GcSTn) were found to be more prominent in patients with carcinomas than with other diseases.
galactose-terminal glycans	increased level	asialoglycoproteins		Asialoglycoproteins					cancers		adoptive immunotherapy	mice	liver	Liver	2484335	Peanut agglutinin (PNA), which recognizes galactose-terminal glycans, identifies cells at risk for sequestration by hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptors.
N-acetyl-galactosamine	acquisition of structure	MUL-1		Mucins					Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection	Pseudomonas aeruginosa|Infection		Caenorhabditis elegans	intestinal cells	Caenorhabditis elegans	32127446	We found that the mucin MUL-1 and mucin-derived monosaccharides N-acetyl-galactosamine and N-acetylglucosamine are required for P. aeruginosa killing of Caenorhabditis elegans.
N-acetylglucosamine	acquisition of structure	MUL-1		Mucins					Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection	Pseudomonas aeruginosa|Infection		Caenorhabditis elegans	intestinal cells	Caenorhabditis elegans	32127446	We found that the mucin MUL-1 and mucin-derived monosaccharides N-acetyl-galactosamine and N-acetylglucosamine are required for P. aeruginosa killing of Caenorhabditis elegans.
O-linked glycans	undetermined	CDw44 glycoprotein		Glycoproteins|Membrane Glycoproteins					T-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia	Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, T-Cell		Human	T-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells		2666306	The CDw44 glycoprotein was purified from 2.3 x 10(11) CD3+ CD4+ CD8- T-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) cells using F10-44-2 monoclonal antibody affinity chromatography, DEAE-Sepharose anion-exchange chromatography, passage down carboxymethyl (CM)-Sepharose cation-exchange columns, wheat germ lectin affinity chromatography and gel-permeation chromatography.
complex N-linked glycans	undetermined	CDw44 glycoprotein		Glycoproteins|Membrane Glycoproteins					T-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia	Leukemia, Prolymphocytic, T-Cell		Human	T-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells		2666306	The CDw44 glycoprotein was purified from 2.3 x 10(11) CD3+ CD4+ CD8- T-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) cells using F10-44-2 monoclonal antibody affinity chromatography, DEAE-Sepharose anion-exchange chromatography, passage down carboxymethyl (CM)-Sepharose cation-exchange columns, wheat germ lectin affinity chromatography and gel-permeation chromatography.
high-mannose	unaltered level	gp140 envelope protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 2		gp140 envelope protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 2					human immunodeficiency virus type 2	HIV-2		Human			1281021	These results indicate that, like HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein, HIV-2 rgp140 interacts with high-mannose and with the mannosyl core of complex-type N-linked glycans, as well as with the N-acetylglucosaminyl core of oligosaccharidic structures.
mannosyl core of complex-type N-linked glycans	unaltered level	gp140 envelope protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 2		gp140 envelope protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 2					human immunodeficiency virus type 2	HIV-2		Human			1281021	These results indicate that, like HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein, HIV-2 rgp140 interacts with high-mannose and with the mannosyl core of complex-type N-linked glycans, as well as with the N-acetylglucosaminyl core of oligosaccharidic structures.
N-acetylglucosaminyl core of oligosaccharidic structures	unaltered level	gp140 envelope protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 2		gp140 envelope protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 2					human immunodeficiency virus type 2	HIV-2		Human			1281021	These results indicate that, like HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein, HIV-2 rgp140 interacts with high-mannose and with the mannosyl core of complex-type N-linked glycans, as well as with the N-acetylglucosaminyl core of oligosaccharidic structures.
alpha 1-6 fucosylation	increased level	alpha-Fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	acute hepatitis	Hepatitis, Viral, Human		Humans	serum		9059945	alpha-Fetoprotein was hyperfucosylated and remained stable throughout the course of the disease.
alpha 1-6 fucosylation	increased level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	acute hepatitis	Hepatitis, Viral, Human		Humans	serum		9059945	In contrast, serum transferrin and alpha 1-antitrypsin gradually became hyperfucosylated during the course of acute hepatitis.
alpha 1-6 fucosylation	increased level	alpha 1-antitrypsin		alpha 1-Antitrypsin				diagnostic	acute hepatitis	Hepatitis, Viral, Human		Humans	serum		9059945	In contrast, serum transferrin and alpha 1-antitrypsin gradually became hyperfucosylated during the course of acute hepatitis.
glycosylation-sites	loss of structure	Env(GM-CSF)		env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	Monocytes	Monocytes	23565193	We assessed the effect of truncating GM-CSF, removing glycosylation-sites in GM-CSF, and adjusting the linker length between GM-CSF and Env.
glycosylation	unaltered level	Toll-Like Receptor 3		Toll-Like Receptor 3								Humans	U937 Cells	U937 Cells	16144834	The mutagenesis approach showed that certain cysteine residues and glycosylation in TLR3 amino-terminal leucine-rich repeats were necessary for ligand-induced signaling.
WFA(+)-CSF1R	increased level	colony stimulating factor 1 receptor		Receptor, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor				diagnostic|monitoring	liver cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis		Humans	serum		24422531	In a proof-of-concept experiment of the strategy preceding to future clinical studies, LC patients showed a high serum WFA(+)-CSF1R level in selected samples (P = 1.3 × 10(-17)).
sialic acids	loss of structure	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins	sialidase		Neuraminidase		Influenza	Influenza A virus		rat	liver	Liver	7511958	In the established method, only very small amounts of substrate and sialidase were required; therefore, it can be applied to the quantitative assay of some sialidases from Vibrio cholerae, streptococcus, the influenza virus and rat liver.
IgA1	decreased level	IgA		Immunoglobulin A					alcoholic cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic		Human	serum		21866091	Galactose deficiency and decreased sialylation of IgA1, as well as increased amounts of abnormally glycosylated polymeric IgA1, were detected in the serum of patients with advanced alcoholic cirrhosis.
IgA1	increased level	IgA		Immunoglobulin A					alcoholic cirrhosis	Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic		Human	serum		21866091	Galactose deficiency and decreased sialylation of IgA1, as well as increased amounts of abnormally glycosylated polymeric IgA1, were detected in the serum of patients with advanced alcoholic cirrhosis.
IgA1	altered level	IgA		Immunoglobulin A					IgA nephropathy	Glomerulonephritis, IGA		Human	serum		21866091	Thus, abnormally glycosylated IgA1 and soluble CD89-IgA and IgA-IgG complexes, features of primary IgAN, are also present in alcoholic cirrhosis.
gp140 envelope protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1	unaltered level	HIV Envelope Protein gp41		gp140 envelope protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1					human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)	HIV-1		Chinese hamster	ovary-Lec3.2.8.1 cells	CHO Cells	11514580	We now report on the high level expression, purification, and characterization of soluble HIV gp140 ectodomain proteins in Chinese hamster ovary-Lec3.2.8.1 cells.
Glycosylation	undetermined								Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin	Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin	Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols	Humans	Neutrophils	Neutrophils	11279646	
glycan phosphoinositol anchor	unaltered level	CD47		CD47 Antigen|CD47 protein, human					T cell activation			human	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	11114301	However, raft association alone was not sufficient, because a raft-localized CD47 Ig domain bound to the membrane by a glycan phosphoinositol anchor was unable to induce actin polymerization.
Endoglin	unaltered level	Endoglin		Endoglin					Vascular disease	Endothelium, Vascular		Human	Endothelial cells	Endothelium, Vascular	1326540	Endoglin, a dimeric membrane glycoprotein expressed at high levels on human vascular endothelial cells, shares regions of sequence identity with betaglycan, a major binding protein for transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) that co-exists with TGF-beta receptors I and II in a variety of cell lines but is low or absent in endothelial cells.
N-linked glycan	loss of structure	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					neurological AIDS			macaque	cerebral spinal fluid		28628526	Our data suggested that the determinants of CD4 independence in vivo mapped principally to V1V2 of gp120 that can destabilize the apex of the envelope spike, with an additional change in V4 that abrogated a potential N-linked glycan to facilitate movement of the V1V2 domain and further expose the coreceptor-binding site.
N-linked glycan	altered level	her-2		ERBB2 protein, human|Erbb2 protein, mouse|Receptor, ErbB-2	N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|alpha-1,6-mannosylglycoprotein beta 1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase	risk	mammary tumors	Breast Neoplasms|Mammary Neoplasms, Animal		mouse	mammary	Mammary Neoplasms, Animal	22665489	Using a her-2 mammary tumor mouse model, her-2 receptor signaling was down-regulated by GnT-V knock-out, resulting in a significant delay in the onset of her-2-induced mammary tumors.
polysialic acid	acquisition of structure	fetuin		alpha-Fetoproteins	ST8Sia II		CMP-N-acetylneuraminate-poly-alpha-2,8-sialosyl sialyltransferase|Sialyltransferases					mouse	NIH3T3 cells	3T3 Cells	7589448	Transfection of ST8Sia II gene into several cell lines including NIH3T3 led to the expression of polysialic acids on the cell surface.
sialyl-Tn antigen	increased level			sialosyl-Tn antigen	N-acetylgalactosamine-alpha2,6-sialyltransferase	ST6GalNAc I	CMP-N-acetylneuraminate-alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminide alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase	prognostic	cancer	Adenocarcinoma|Colorectal Neoplasms|Stomach Neoplasms		Human	gastric cancer cells|Goblet cells in intestinal metaplastic glands	Gastric Mucosa|Intestinal Mucosa	10536037	The sialyl-Tn (sTn) antigen is a well known cancer-associated antigen, the expression of which is related to the prognosis of cancer patients.
N- or O-linked glycosylation	unaltered level	HIV Envelope Protein gp120|HIV Envelope Protein gp41		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|HIV Envelope Protein gp41					HIV Infections	HIV Infections		Humans			28076415	Neutralization by CAP248-2B is not dependent on any single glycan proximal to its epitope, and low neutralization plateaus could not be completely explained by N- or O-linked glycosylation pathway inhibitors, furin co-transfection, or pre-incubation with soluble CD4.
phosphatidylinositol glycan	acquisition of structure	FcRIII		Receptors, Fc							IFN-gamma treatment	Humans	eosinophils	Eosinophils	1311348	Therefore, this study demonstrates that IFN-gamma-treated eosinophils express a functionally active, phosphatidylinositol glycan-anchored form of FcRIII.
N-glycans	altered level	tetherin		BST2 protein, human					Ebola virus disease	Ebolavirus	antibody directed against GP1	human	cells	HEK293 Cells	27707924	Moreover, we demonstrate that appropriate processing of N-glycans in tetherin/GP-coexpressing cells is required for tetherin counteraction by EBOV GP.
	undetermined	Fel d 1		Fel d 1 protein, Felis domesticus				risk	asthma			Cats			23878318	We propose that Fel d 1 and Can f 6 belong to a group of allergen immunomodulatory proteins that enhance innate immune signaling and promote airway hypersensitivity reactions in diseases such as asthma.
	undetermined	Can f 6		Can f 6 allergen, Canis familiaris				risk	asthma			Dogs			23878318	We propose that Fel d 1 and Can f 6 belong to a group of allergen immunomodulatory proteins that enhance innate immune signaling and promote airway hypersensitivity reactions in diseases such as asthma.
mucin glycans	unaltered level								hydatid disease			Echinococcus granulosus	dendritic cells	Dendritic Cells	24842926	Contrary to expectations, oxidation of the mucin glycans in pLL with periodate did not abrogate the effects on cells.
sialyltransferase ST6GAL1	altered level	M-CSF receptor	Csfr1	Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor	ST6GAL1		Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human		inflammation			mouse|human	monocyte-macrophage lineage cells|THP-1 cells	Macrophages|THP-1 Cells	35661210	Here, we report that extracellular ST6GAL1 also elicits profound responses in monocyte-macrophage lineage cells.
V3-glycan	increased level	HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env)		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|HIV envelope protein gp120 (305-321)				response	HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	HIV-1 isolates	HIV-1	30541842	Specifically, mim6 improved the potency of bNAbs of the V3-glycan class, including PGT121, PGT122, PGT128, and 10-1074, by an average of 2-fold for all HIV-1 isolates assayed.
glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein	altered level	CD59		CD59 Antigens					paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria	Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal		Humans	bone marrow CD34(+) cells and peripheral granulocytes	Antigens, CD34|Granulocytes	12411324	To define the phosphatidylinositol glycan-class A (PIG-A) gene abnormality in precursor cells and the changes of expression of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein and contribution of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) clones with PIG-A gene abnormalities among various cell lineages during differentiation and maturation, we investigated CD59 expression on bone marrow CD34(+) cells and peripheral granulocytes from 3 patients with PNH and the PIG-A gene abnormalities in the CD59(-), CD59(+/-), and CD59(+) populations by nucleotide sequence analyses.
bulky glycocalyx	increased level	large tumour-associated glycoproteins		Glycoproteins				diagnostic	metastatic tumours	Neoplasm Metastasis		Humans	circulating tumour cells	Neoplastic Cells, Circulating	25030168	Clinical studies revealed that large glycoproteins are abundantly expressed on circulating tumour cells from patients with advanced disease.
sialyl-Tn	unaltered level			sialosyl-Tn antigen					Trypanosoma cruzi infection			Trypanosoma cruzi	epimastigotes		21055406	Purified anti-glycan proteins were used for an immunofluorescent analysis of Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes, and the anti-p185(HER2) used to determine the binding properties.
sialylated Lewis (Le)(a)	unaltered level								Trypanosoma cruzi infection			Trypanosoma cruzi	epimastigotes		21055406	Purified anti-glycan proteins were used for an immunofluorescent analysis of Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes, and the anti-p185(HER2) used to determine the binding properties.
complex type biantennary oligosaccharides	loss of structure	asialotransferrin		asialotransferrins	Mucor hiemalis endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase		Mannosyl-Glycoprotein Endo-beta-N-Acetylglucosaminidase					human			7509658	The enzyme could liberate complex type biantennary oligosaccharides from native human asialotransferrin, which was ascertained by a combination of the pyridylaminated method and HPLC.
sialyl Lewis(x)	unaltered level	E-selectin		E-Selectin					cardiovascular diseases				leukocytes		24688092	Apart from the natural tetrasaccharide ligand sialyl Lewis(x) (sLe(x)), it has previously been proposed that non-fucosylated carbohydrates also bind to S128R E-selectin.
sialyl Lewis(x)	unaltered level	E-selectin		E-Selectin					autoimmune diseases				leukocytes		24688092	Apart from the natural tetrasaccharide ligand sialyl Lewis(x) (sLe(x)), it has previously been proposed that non-fucosylated carbohydrates also bind to S128R E-selectin.
sialylated O-glycans	unaltered level	CD99|PILR-associating neural protein|Herpes simplex virus-1 glycoprotein B|NPDC1|COLEC12		CD99 protein, human|||NPDC1 protein, human|COLEC12 protein, human								mouse|human	myeloid cells	Mice|Humans|Cells, Cultured	22396535	We find that sialylated O-glycans on these novel PILRα ligands, and on known PILRα ligands, are compulsory for PILRα binding.
mannose-rich glycans	unaltered level	hemagglutinin		Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus					Influenza A virus infection	Influenza A virus		Cricetulus	Lec2 Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells	CHO Cells	26468543	Unlike SIA-dependent infection of parental CHO cells, IAV attachment and infection of Lec2-Lg cells was mediated via lectin-mediated recognition of mannose-rich glycans expressed by the viral hemagglutinin glycoprotein.
hyaluronan	decreased level	CD44s		Hyaluronan Receptors				predictive	non-small cell lung cancer	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung		Humans	brain metastases|lymph node metastases	Humans|Neoplasm Metastasis	18372518	We found CD44s positivity in all non-metastatic tumors with varying degrees of expression, whereas 10 out of 15 metastatic tumors in brain and 3 out of 5 lymph node metastases were negative for CD44s.
sialylated Siglec-F ligands	decreased level				ST3Gal-III	St3gal3	beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		allergic eosinophilic airway inflammation		OVA sensitization and challenge	mice	lung	Lung	23830412	After OVA sensitization and challenge, St3gal3(+/-) and St3gal3(-/-) mice have more intense allergic eosinophilic airway inflammation and less sialylated Siglec-F ligands in their airways.
sialylated Siglec-F ligands	increased level				ST3Gal-III	St3gal3	beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		allergic eosinophilic airway inflammation		OVA sensitization and challenge	mice	lung	Lung	23830412	After OVA sensitization and challenge, Siglec-F ligands were increased in wild-type mouse lungs but less so in St3gal3 mutants, whereas peribronchial and BALF eosinophil numbers were greater in the mutants, with the following rank order: St3gal3(-/-) ≥ St3gal3(+/-) > wild-type mice.
CD52 N-linked glycan, in α-2,3 sialic acid linkage with galactose	unaltered level	CD52		CD52 Antigen|CD52 protein, human				response	immune-inflammatory homeostasis		soluble CD52 as a therapeutic agent	Humans	T-Lymphocytes	Humans|T-Lymphocytes	29997173	Thus, soluble CD52 exerts a concerted immunosuppressive effect by first sequestering HMGB1 to nullify its proinflammatory Box B, followed by binding to the inhibitory Siglec-10 receptor, triggering recruitment of SHP1 to the intracellular immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif of Siglec-10 and its interaction with the TCR.
β-(1-4)-galactose	acquisition of structure							response	visceral leishmaniasis	Leishmaniasis, Visceral	immunotherapy	mouse	NKT cells	Natural Killer T-Cells	22511870	The terminal β-(1-4)-galactose residues of glycans can modulate host responsiveness in a T helper type-1 direction via IFN-γ and TLRs.
glycosphingophospholipid (GSPL)	acquisition of structure							response	visceral leishmaniasis	Leishmaniasis, Visceral	immunotherapy	mouse	NKT cells	Natural Killer T-Cells	22511870	We evaluated the anti-Leishmania immune responses and the protective efficacy of the β-(1-4)-galactose terminal NKT cell ligand glycosphingophospholipid (GSPL) antigen of L. donovani parasites.
O-glycan	acquisition of structure	asialofetuin		asialofetuin	galactoside alpha(2-3) sialyltransferase								mitochondrial outer membrane	Intracellular Membranes	1723730	The use of different acceptor substrates, the temperature dependence of these enzymes, and their different sensitivity towards a sulfhydryl reagent, p-CMB, allowed us to discriminate between a galactoside alpha(2-3) sialyltransferase and a galactoside alpha(2-6) sialyltransferase presumably involved in the sialylation of O- and N-glycan chains of glycoprotein, respectively.
N-glycan	acquisition of structure	asialofetuin		asialofetuin	galactoside alpha(2-6) sialyltransferase		beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase						mitochondrial outer membrane	Intracellular Membranes	1723730	The use of different acceptor substrates, the temperature dependence of these enzymes, and their different sensitivity towards a sulfhydryl reagent, p-CMB, allowed us to discriminate between a galactoside alpha(2-3) sialyltransferase and a galactoside alpha(2-6) sialyltransferase presumably involved in the sialylation of O- and N-glycan chains of glycoprotein, respectively.
N-linked glycans	unaltered level	17-1A antigen		Mucin-1				response	colorectal cancer	Colonic Neoplasms	immunotherapy	Humans	epithelial tissues	Epithelium	3721623	The antigen defined by MAb 17-1A, raised against colorectal cancer cells and currently used in immunotherapy trials, is a 37 kDa protein containing N-linked glycans as demonstrated by inhibition of glycosylation with tunicamycin.
N-linked glycans	unaltered level	17-1A antigen		Mucin-1					gastric carcinomas			Humans	epithelial tissues	Epithelium	3721623	Quantitative differences in expression between normal and malignant tissues were only apparent in gastric carcinomas.
oligomannose N-glycans	unaltered level	FhTeg		Antigens, Helminth					Fasciola hepatica infection	Fasciola hepatica		mouse	CD4(+) T-cell	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes	26931640	FhTeg comprises a rich source of glycoproteins, mainly oligomannose N-glycans that bind to mannose receptor.
sialyl Lewis X	increased level				alpha1, 3-fucosyltransferase III		Fucosyltransferases|galactoside 3-fucosyltransferase		tumor metastasis	Neoplasm Metastasis		mouse	B16-F1 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	10075923	Aberrant expression of cell surface carbohydrates such as sialyl Lewis X is associated with tumor formation and metastasis.
sialyl Lewis X	increased level				alpha1, 3-fucosyltransferase III		Fucosyltransferases|galactoside 3-fucosyltransferase		rejection by NK cells	Killer Cells, Natural		mouse	B16-F1 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	10075923	These results indicate that excessive expression of sialyl Lewis X in tumor cells leads to rejection by NK cells rather than tumor formation facilitated by attachment to endothelial cells.
N-glycan	acquisition of structure				Galactosyltransferase		Galactosyltransferases		ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	ascites	Ascites	2429004	Galactosyltransferase purified from the ascites of ovarian cancer patients can use to an equal extent N-glycosidic glycoproteins, such as asialoagalactofetuin, and O-glycosidic mucin, such as asialo bovine submaxillary mucin (BSM), as acceptors.
O-glycan	acquisition of structure				Galactosyltransferase		Galactosyltransferases		ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	ascites	Ascites	2429004	Galactosyltransferase purified from the ascites of ovarian cancer patients can use to an equal extent N-glycosidic glycoproteins, such as asialoagalactofetuin, and O-glycosidic mucin, such as asialo bovine submaxillary mucin (BSM), as acceptors.
N-glycan	altered level								regional heterogeneity in optic lobe glia			Macrobrachium rosenbergii	optic lobe glia		16435368	Our results suggest that phenotype protein markers of the optic lobe glia share antigenic determinants with S100 and (a long form of) GS and that, similarly to vertebrate and insect glia, crustacean glia protein and N-glycan residue markers display regional heterogeneity.
glycans	altered level	trastuzumab		Trastuzumab	β-galactosidase|endoglycosidase S2			diagnostic	HER2-positive tumors	Neoplasms		mouse	subcutaneous xenograft	Subcutaneous Tissue	31285769	Trastuzumab was conjugated with the p-SCN-Bn-Desferrioxamine (SCN-Bn-DFO) chelator randomly on lysine residues or site-specifically on enzymatically modified glycans using either β-galactosidase or endoglycosidase S2 prior to 89Zr radiolabeling.
Le(X)	unaltered level	E-cadherin		Cadherins					epiboly			Oryzias latipes	gastrula embryos	Gastrula	18766437	Le(X)-containing glycolipids and glycoproteins (Le(X)-gp) were exclusively enriched in the membrane microdomain.
galactosylated IgG Fc N-linked glycans	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				risk	sustained inflammatory diseases			Humans	plasma		30713537	The reduced amount of IgG antibodies also results in a lower amount of anti-inflammatory Fc N-galactosylated and -sialylated IgG antibodies.
sialylated IgG Fc N-linked glycans	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				risk	sustained inflammatory diseases			Humans	plasma		30713537	The reduced amount of IgG antibodies also results in a lower amount of anti-inflammatory Fc N-galactosylated and -sialylated IgG antibodies.
agalactosylated IgG Fc N-linked glycans	increased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				risk	chronic inflammatory bronchopulmonary dysplasia			Humans	plasma		30713537	Increased non-galactosylated (agalactosylated, 16.9 vs. 10.6%) IgG Fc N-linked glycans were associated with the development of chronic inflammatory bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).
bisecting N-acetylglucosamine-containing IgG Fc N-linked glycans	decreased level	IgG		Immunoglobulin G				risk	sustained inflammatory diseases			Humans	plasma		30713537	Extremely low gestational age infants (born < 28 weeks of gestation during second trimester) had reduced IgG concentrations and decreased proportions of galactosylated (84.5 vs. 88.4%), sialylated (14.5 vs. 17.9%) and bisecting N-acetylglucosamine-containing (8.4 vs. 10.8%) IgG Fc N-linked glycans as compared to preterm infants born ≥28 weeks of gestation (during third trimester) and term infants.
sialic acid	loss of structure	Doppel protein		PRND protein, human				predictive	astrocytoma	Astrocytoma		human	astrocytoma specimens	Astrocytoma	20981146	Deglycosylation studies with N-glycosidase F and/or neuraminidase highlighted defective glycan moieties and an unexpected loss of sialic acid.
IgG glycan	loss of structure	Immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin G	endoglycosidase S		NDOS protein, Streptococcus pyogenes	response	ANCA-associated necrotizing and crescentic glomerulonephritis	Glomerulonephritis	systemic treatment with EndoS	Mice	neutrophils	Neutrophils	20448018	In conclusion, IgG glycan hydrolysis by EndoS attenuates ANCA-induced neutrophil activation in vitro and prevents induction of anti-MPO IgG/LPS-mediated NCGN in vivo.
yeast mannan	unaltered level				peptide: N-glycanase		Peptide-N4-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl) Asparagine Amidase					C3H mouse	fibroblast L-929 cells	Mice, Inbred C3H|Cell Line	7535137	In this study, we report the new findings of the mannan-binding property of L-929 PNGase: the de-N-glycosylating enzyme activity of L-929 PNGase was inhibited by yeast mannan and triomannose, Man alpha 1-->3(Man alpha 1-->6)Man, but not by mannose and alpha-methyl-D-mannoside.
Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen	undetermined	glycophorin A|glycophorin|fetuin|IgA|ovine submaxillary mucin		Glycophorins|Glycophorins|||								human|mouse|ovine			10425710	In direct ELISA the BBL preferentially reacted with some glycoproteins carrying O-linked sugar structure Gal beta 1-->3 GalNAc: strongly with human glycophorin A and weaker with mouse glycophorin, fetuin, IgA, ovine submaxillary mucin.
N-glycans	undetermined	asialo-Tamm-Horsfall N-glycoprotein													10425710	We observed also weak interaction with asialo-Tamm-Horsfall N-glycoprotein having unusual large, branched N-glycans with outer GalNAc beta 1-->4Gal sequence.
N-linked glycans	altered level								Merkel cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Merkel Cell		Humans	tumor cells	Stromal Cells	11260248	The lectin binding pattern of Merkel cell carcinoma cells indicated that predominantly N-linked glycans and not O-linked glycans, typical for mucins of most epithelia, were present.
O-linked glycans	unaltered level								Merkel cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Merkel Cell		Humans	tumor cells	Stromal Cells	11260248	The lectin binding pattern of Merkel cell carcinoma cells indicated that predominantly N-linked glycans and not O-linked glycans, typical for mucins of most epithelia, were present.
N-linked glycosylation	undetermined	endoglin		Endoglin								human	endothelial cells	Endothelium, Vascular	1692830	There are four potential N-linked glycosylation sites in the N-terminal domain and a probable O-glycan domain rich in Ser and Thr residues proximal to the membrane-spanning domain.
O-glycan	undetermined	endoglin		Endoglin								human	endothelial cells	Endothelium, Vascular	1692830	There are four potential N-linked glycosylation sites in the N-terminal domain and a probable O-glycan domain rich in Ser and Thr residues proximal to the membrane-spanning domain.
core-2-branched O-linked glycans	acquisition of structure	CD43		Leukosialin					psoriasis			Human	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	16269612	In this report, we show that CD43, a sialomucin expressed constitutively on T cells, can also be decorated with the CLA epitope and serve as an E-selectin ligand.
core-2-branched O-linked glycans	acquisition of structure	CD43		Leukosialin					atopic dermatitis			Human	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	16269612	In this report, we show that CD43, a sialomucin expressed constitutively on T cells, can also be decorated with the CLA epitope and serve as an E-selectin ligand.
high mannose and/or hybrid-type N-glycans	increased level	cathepsin D		Cathepsin D				diagnostic	aging	Aging		rat	cerebral cortex cytosolic fraction	Cytosol	16914181	We found that 14 N-glycosylated proteins were accumulated in the rat cerebral cortex cytosolic fraction in the aging process by a comparative study with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and concanavalin A staining.
glycan epitopes	unaltered level	Major Egg Antigen (MEA)		p40 egg antigen, Schistosoma				diagnostic	Schistosomiasis mansoni	Schistosomiasis mansoni		Humans	serum		30870412	Spot number 5 was exclusively immunoreactive with sera from S. mansoni-infected groups in native and deglycosylated conditions and corresponds to Major Egg Antigen (MEA).
sialyl T antigen (Neu5Acα2,3Galβ1,3GalNAcα1→)	unaltered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	epithelial carcinoma			Human	serum		24246952	Human serum MUC1 peptide fragments bearing aberrant O-glycans are secreted from columnar epithelial cell surfaces and known as clinically important serum biomarkers for the epithelial carcinoma when a specific monoclonal antibody can probe disease-relevant epitopes.
sialyl T antigen (Neu5Acα2,3Galβ1,3GalNAcα1→)	unaltered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				diagnostic	healthy human sera			Human	serum		24246952	The present microarray also uncovered the occurrence of IgG autoantibodies in healthy human sera that bind specifically with sialyl T antigen attached at five potential O-glycosylation sites of MUC1 tandem repeats.
N-glycans	decreased level	CD4		CD4 Antigens	N-glycanase		Amidohydrolases|Peptide-N4-(N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminyl) Asparagine Amidase		HIV infection		stromal cell derived factor-1alpha (SDF-1alpha)	human	U937 cells|peripheral blood lymphocytes	U937 Cells|Lymphocytes	11943153	CD4 association with CXCR4 increased upon PBL coculture for 5 days with autologous monocytes, decreased upon treatment of the cells or the CD4-CXCR4 complex with either N-glycanase or stromal cell derived factor-1alpha (SDF-1alpha) and was abolished by incubation of the cells with both, N-glycanase and SDF-1alpha.
sialyl Lewis x glycans	increased level	L-selectin		L-Selectin	beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase	response	inflammation			Animals	endothelium		9023548	We have shown that synthetic multivalent sialyl Lewis x glycans inhibit strongly the adhesion of lymphocytes to endothelium at sites of inflammation.
Lewis X Antigen	undetermined				alpha1,3-fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases|galactoside 3-fucosyltransferase								20178374	This protocol allowed for the first time highly specific conjugation at the designated C-terminal signal peptide moiety of recombinant human beta1,4-galactosyltransferase or recombinant Helicobacter pylori alpha1,3-fucosyltransferase with simple aliphatic amino groups displayed on the surface of solid materials.
CA19-9	increased level				Lewis enzyme		Fucosyltransferases	diagnostic	advanced cancer			Humans	serum		22492877	Even genuinely Le-negative patients, who genetically lack the Le enzyme and theoretically never produce CA19-9, occasionally show a slight increase in serum CA19-9 level when they are homozygous for Se-negative genotypes and suffer from advanced cancer with overproduction of glycans as precursors of CA19-9.
Sialyl-Tn	increased level							diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	epithelial cancers		28281872	The Sialyl-Thomsen-nouveau antigen (STn or Sialyl-Tn, also known as CD175s) is rarely seen in normal adult tissues, but it is abundantly expressed in many types of human epithelial cancers.
Sialyl-Tn	increased level							diagnostic	colon cancer			Humans	epithelial cancers		28281872	The Sialyl-Thomsen-nouveau antigen (STn or Sialyl-Tn, also known as CD175s) is rarely seen in normal adult tissues, but it is abundantly expressed in many types of human epithelial cancers.
Sialyl-Tn	increased level							diagnostic	ovarian cancer			Humans	epithelial cancers		28281872	The Sialyl-Thomsen-nouveau antigen (STn or Sialyl-Tn, also known as CD175s) is rarely seen in normal adult tissues, but it is abundantly expressed in many types of human epithelial cancers.
N-linked carbohydrate chains	loss of structure	human choriogonadotropin		Chorionic Gonadotropin					loss of hormonal bioactivity			Humans			1694506	Deglycosylation of gonadotropins and thyrotropin results in a major loss of hormonal bioactivity, while not impairing receptor-binding activity.
glycopeptides	increased level	human choriogonadotropin		Chorionic Gonadotropin					inhibition of hCG-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity			Humans			1694506	Glycopeptides were found to inhibit human choriogonadotropin (hCG)-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity and hCG binding to its receptor.
oligosaccharides	increased level	human choriogonadotropin|transferrin|fetuin|alpha 1-acid glycoprotein|ovalbumin		Chorionic Gonadotropin|Transferrin|alpha-Fetoproteins||Ovalbumin					inhibition of hCG binding to its receptor			Humans			1694506	In the present study we have shown that glycopeptides and oligosaccharides prepared from hCG, transferrin, fetuin, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein and ovalbumin inhibit the binding of hCG to its receptor.
α1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine	acquisition of structure	Mucin-1		Mucin-1				prognostic	differentiated-type gastric cancer			Humans	gastric mucosa	Gastric Mucosa	35959971	We previously reported that αGlcNAc loss correlated positively with poor outcomes for patients with differentiated-type gastric cancer.
α1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine	acquisition of structure	Mucin-1		Mucin-1				response	differentiated-type gastric cancer			Mice	gastric mucosa	Gastric Mucosa	35959971	Moreover, AGS cell tumorigenicity was significantly suppressed by αGlcNAc overexpression in a xenograft model.
α2,3-sialylated glycans	undetermined	galectin-8		galectin-8, mouse				response	inflammatory diseases			mouse	Treg cells	T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory	26282995	Taken together, these data suggest that Gal-8 promotes the differentiation of highly suppressive Treg cells, which has implications for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
α2,3-sialylated glycans	undetermined	galectin-8		galectin-8, mouse				response	autoimmune diseases			mouse	Treg cells	T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory	26282995	Taken together, these data suggest that Gal-8 promotes the differentiation of highly suppressive Treg cells, which has implications for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
GalNAcbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-2Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAc	increased level								Schistosoma infection			Human	serum		11254599	The serum levels of antibodies to LDN-DF are high related to LDN and Lewis(x) for all examined groups of Schistosoma-infected individuals.
Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAc	increased level								Schistosoma infection			Human	serum		11254599	We report here that sera of children and adults infected with Schistosoma mansoni, S. haematobium, or S. japonicum contain antibodies against GalNAcbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-2Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAc (LDN-DF) and to a lesser extent to Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAc (Lewis(x)) and GalNAcbeta1-4GlcNAc (LDN).
GalNAcbeta1-4GlcNAc	increased level								Schistosoma infection			Human	serum		11254599	We report here that sera of children and adults infected with Schistosoma mansoni, S. haematobium, or S. japonicum contain antibodies against GalNAcbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-2Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAc (LDN-DF) and to a lesser extent to Galbeta1-4(Fucalpha1-3)GlcNAc (Lewis(x)) and GalNAcbeta1-4GlcNAc (LDN).
3'-Sulfo-Lewis A	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|risk	Barrett's esophagus			Humans	gastrointestinal epithelia	Intestinal Mucosa	34910746	3'-Sulfo-LeA/C is broadly reexpressed across numerous GI epithelia and elsewhere during metaplastic and carcinomatous transformation.
3'-Sulfo-Lewis A	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|risk	intestinal-type metaplasia of the stomach			Humans	gastrointestinal epithelia	Intestinal Mucosa	34910746	3'-Sulfo-LeA/C is broadly reexpressed across numerous GI epithelia and elsewhere during metaplastic and carcinomatous transformation.
3'-Sulfo-Lewis A	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|risk	gastric adenocarcinoma	Gastrointestinal Neoplasms		Humans	gastrointestinal epithelia	Intestinal Mucosa	34910746	3'-Sulfo-LeA/C is broadly reexpressed across numerous GI epithelia and elsewhere during metaplastic and carcinomatous transformation.
3'-Sulfo-Lewis A	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|risk	high-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasm			Humans	gastrointestinal epithelia	Intestinal Mucosa	34910746	3'-Sulfo-LeA/C is broadly reexpressed across numerous GI epithelia and elsewhere during metaplastic and carcinomatous transformation.
3'-Sulfo-Lewis A	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|risk	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma			Humans	gastrointestinal epithelia	Intestinal Mucosa	34910746	3'-Sulfo-LeA/C is broadly reexpressed across numerous GI epithelia and elsewhere during metaplastic and carcinomatous transformation.
3'-Sulfo-Lewis C	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|risk	Barrett's esophagus			Humans	gastrointestinal epithelia	Intestinal Mucosa	34910746	3'-Sulfo-LeA/C is broadly reexpressed across numerous GI epithelia and elsewhere during metaplastic and carcinomatous transformation.
3'-Sulfo-Lewis C	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|risk	intestinal-type metaplasia of the stomach			Humans	gastrointestinal epithelia	Intestinal Mucosa	34910746	3'-Sulfo-LeA/C is broadly reexpressed across numerous GI epithelia and elsewhere during metaplastic and carcinomatous transformation.
3'-Sulfo-Lewis C	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|risk	gastric adenocarcinoma	Gastrointestinal Neoplasms		Humans	gastrointestinal epithelia	Intestinal Mucosa	34910746	3'-Sulfo-LeA/C is broadly reexpressed across numerous GI epithelia and elsewhere during metaplastic and carcinomatous transformation.
3'-Sulfo-Lewis C	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|risk	high-grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasm			Humans	gastrointestinal epithelia	Intestinal Mucosa	34910746	3'-Sulfo-LeA/C is broadly reexpressed across numerous GI epithelia and elsewhere during metaplastic and carcinomatous transformation.
3'-Sulfo-Lewis C	acquisition of structure							diagnostic|risk	pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma			Humans	gastrointestinal epithelia	Intestinal Mucosa	34910746	3'-Sulfo-LeA/C is broadly reexpressed across numerous GI epithelia and elsewhere during metaplastic and carcinomatous transformation.
glycan phosphoinositol-linked FcgammaRIIIB	unaltered level								Leukocyte-Adhesion Deficiency Syndrome	Leukocyte-Adhesion Deficiency Syndrome		Humans	Neutrophils	Neutrophils	8663066	Neutrophils express two IgG Fc receptors, the transmembrane FcgammaRII and the glycan phosphoinositol-linked FcgammaRIIIB.
O-glycosylation	altered level							diagnostic|prognostic	cervical intraepithelial dysplasia	Uterine Cervical Dysplasia		Humans	cervical tissue	Uterine Cervical Neoplasms	17516251	In this work, we investigate changes in O-glycosylation in cervical intraepithelial dysplasia (CIN) at different stages of differentiation (CIN I, CIN II, and CIN III) using lectins specific for O-glycosidically linked glycans.
O-glycosylation	unaltered level								cervical intraepithelial dysplasia	Uterine Cervical Dysplasia		Humans	cervical tissue	Uterine Cervical Neoplasms	17516251	The lectins from Glycine max and Griffonia simplicifolia showed no differences in their recognition pattern among the different CIN stages and normal tissue.
O-glycosylation	altered level								CIN I dysplasia			Humans	cervical tissue	Uterine Cervical Neoplasms	17516251	Dolichos Biflorus lectin recognized CIN I dysplasia.
O-glycosylation	increased level								CIN II dysplasia			Humans	cervical tissue	Uterine Cervical Neoplasms	17516251	Lectin from Amaranthus leucocarpus showed increased reactivity in the presence of CIN II dysplasia, compared with CIN I and CIN III.
CSF114(Glc)	unaltered level	myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein		Glycopeptides				diagnostic	Multiple Sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis		Humans		Humans	25776265	An example is the synthetic glycopeptide CSF114(Glc), which was designed and tested as MS biomarker and whose clinical application was limited by its reduced ability to detect autoantibodies in MS patients.
α2,6-linked sialic acids	increased level				ST6Gal-I	ST6GAL1	ST6GAL1 protein, human	prognostic	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms		human	prostate tissues		27588482	In this study, we observed that ST6Gal-I expression was upregulated in human PCa tissues compared to non-malignant prostate tissues.
keto-galactose	acquisition of structure	m860		Antibodies, Monoclonal	engineered glycotransferase		Glycosyltransferases	response	HER2 positive cancer	Receptor, ErbB-2	antibody-drug conjugate	Humans	cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	25517304	It exhibited potent and specific cell-killing activity against HER2 positive cancer cells, including trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer cells.
sialyl Lewis(x)	altered level				Core 2 beta1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases|alpha1,3-fucosyltransferases		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|Fucosyltransferases		oral cavity carcinomas	Mouth Neoplasms		Humans	oral cavity epithelial carcinoma cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	11552947	These findings suggest that C2GnT in combination with alpha1,3-Fuc-T contribute to the selectin-mediated metastasis in oral cavity carcinomas.
branched N-glycans	altered level				N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V	Mgat5			mammary carcinoma	Breast Neoplasms|Mammary Neoplasms, Animal			mammary epithelial cancer cells	Cell Line, Tumor	22846995	Galectin-3 binding to cell surface glycoproteins, including branched N-glycans generated by N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (Mgat5) activity, forms a multivalent, heterogeneous, and dynamic lattice.
Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-positive Mac-2 binding protein glycan isomer (M2BPGi)	increased level	Mac-2 binding protein		Mac-2 binding protein				risk|diagnostic	Non-hypervascular hypointense nodules			Humans	serum		35142900	M2BPGi is a serum marker that potentially identifies HCV patients with high risk of the presence of NHHNs, for whom EOB-MRI should be considered.
CT glycans	acquisition of structure	T200 glycoproteins|gp155		Glycoproteins|Glycoproteins					Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-specific activation	Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte		Mice	Cytotoxic T cell	T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic	2413157	Cytotoxic T cell (CTL)-specific activation antigens, termed CT determinants, have been detected by monoclonal antibodies (mAb) that inhibit CTL function.
biantennary bigalactosylated structure with one core fucosylation (A2G2F)	increased level							diagnostic|response	glioblastoma	Glioblastoma		human	glioblastoma tissue|glioma cell lines	Glioblastoma|Tumor Cells, Cultured	16211217	The amount of a biantennary bigalactosylated structure with one core fucosylation (A2G2F) was present in increased levels in glioblastoma tissue (mean = 2.90%) and glioma cell lines (mean = 5.60%), while being less than 0.1% in normal brain tissue.
alpha2,6-linked sialic acid-bearing glycans	increased level	CD22		Cd22 protein, mouse				diagnostic	systemic lupus erythematosus	Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic		mouse	B cells	B-Lymphocytes	12794829	Furthermore, expression of CD22L was increased on circulating B cells (and to a lesser extent on T cells) in parallel with progression of SLE in several different lupus-prone mice and in a cohort of (C57BL/6 x [NZB x C57BL/6.Yaa]F(1)) backcross mice.
alpha2,6-linked sialic acid-bearing glycans	increased level	CD22		Cd22 protein, mouse				diagnostic	systemic lupus erythematosus	Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic		mouse	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	12794829	Furthermore, expression of CD22L was increased on circulating B cells (and to a lesser extent on T cells) in parallel with progression of SLE in several different lupus-prone mice and in a cohort of (C57BL/6 x [NZB x C57BL/6.Yaa]F(1)) backcross mice.
galectin-1	increased level							response	autoimmune neuroinflammation	Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental		mouse	dendritic cells	Dendritic Cells	19668220	After exposure to galectin-1, DCs acquired an interleukin 27 (IL-27)-dependent regulatory function, promoted IL-10-mediated T cell tolerance and suppressed autoimmune neuroinflammation.
galectin-1	decreased level							response	inflammatory disease			mouse	dendritic cells	Dendritic Cells	19668220	DCs lacking galectin-1 had greater immunogenic potential and an impaired ability to halt inflammatory disease.
Globo H precursor	altered level				Gal3ST-2		galactose 3-O-sulfotransferase		colon carcinoma			Humans	LS180 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	14701868	We examined the acceptor specificities and kinetic properties of three cloned Gal:3-O-sulfotransferases (Gal3STs) ST-2, ST-3, and ST-4 along with a purified Gal3ST from colon carcinoma LS180 cells.
Globo H precursor	altered level				Gal3ST-4				colon carcinoma			Humans	LS180 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	14701868	Gal3ST-4 also acted on the Globo H precursor but not the glycopeptide.
sialyl Lewis x	unaltered level	MUC7		MUC7 protein, human					interaction between immune cells such as salivary neutrophils and oral bacteria			Humans	Saliva	Humans|Saliva	19043084	The data show that MUC7 provides a multivalent scaffold for sialylation, meeting the requirement for high-avidity binding via its glycosylation and mediator of the interaction between immune cells such as salivary neutrophils and oral bacteria.
sialylation	altered level				sialyltransferases		Sialyltransferases	diagnostic	cancer			living cells	cell surface		26046317	This strategy has been used to evaluate the correlation of ST activity with malignancy and cell surface sialylation, and the sialylation inhibition activity of inhibitors.
N-glycans	increased level				beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase		beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase					Humans			11279145	When tested on free oligosaccharides, soluble ST6GalI displayed full ability to sialylate free N-glycans as well as various N-acetyllactosaminyl substrates.
α2-6 sialylation	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1					idiopathic gastric ulcers			Humans	foveola cells|gland cells	Stomach|Stomach	25356051	SNA lectin staining was increased in group 4, in parallel to elevated MUC1 expression, indicating more abundant α2-6 sialylation in that group.
α2-6 sialylation	decreased level	MUC17		MUC17 protein, human					idiopathic gastric ulcers			Humans	foveola cells|gland cells	Stomach|Stomach	25356051	Cytoplasmic MUC17 staining was significantly decreased in the cases with idiopathic ulcer.
α2-6 sialylation	increased level	MUC17		MUC17 protein, human					Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric ulcers	Helicobacter Infections		Humans	foveola cells|gland cells	Stomach|Stomach	25356051	Staining intensity of MUC17 was higher in H. pylori ulcers (group 1) than in idiopathic ulcers (group 4), 11.05 ± 3.67 vs 6.93 ± 4.00 for foveola cells, and 10.29 ± 4.67 vs 8.00 ± 3.48 for gland cells, respectively (P < 0.0001).
cell surface glycans	decreased level	T cells							complement fixation			mouse	T cells	T-Lymphocyte Subsets	25367120	As thymocytes mature and exit to the periphery, they increase sialic acid incorporation into cell surface glycans.
α2,8-linked sialylation	decreased level	T cells			ST8sia1|ST8sia4|ST8sia6				complement fixation			mouse	T cells	T-Lymphocyte Subsets	25367120	We demonstrate that the defect in sialylation is due to aberrant α2,8-linked sialylation, and the expression of three genes (ST8sia1, ST8sia4, and ST8sia6) that mediate α2,8 sialylation are downregulated in NKAP-defcient RTEs.
N-glycans	undetermined	110 kDa glycoprotein		Glycoproteins				diagnostic|predictive	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		human	colon cancer cells	HT29 Cells	25787909	In summary, 110 kDa GP contains N-glycans.
core 2 N-acetylglucosamine	altered level				core 2 N-acetylglucosamine-transferase 1		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase					Humans	Golgi apparatus	Golgi Apparatus	25246532	Recently, Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3), the mammalian homolog of Vps74, has been shown to control the Golgi localization of core 2 N-acetylglucosamine-transferase 1.
α-2,6-sialyl	altered level				α-2,6-sialyltransferase 1		Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human					Humans	Golgi apparatus	Golgi Apparatus	25246532	We show, for the first time, that GOLPH3 supports incorporation of both core 2 N-acetylglucosamine-transferase 1 and α-2,6-sialyltransferase 1 into COPI vesicles.
carbohydrate at position 386	loss of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120				response	HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	Dendritic Cells|T cells	Dendritic Cells|	18237398	The 386 carbohydrate was not critical for gp120 binding to dendritic cells (DC) and DC-mediated HIV-1 transmission to T cells.
carbohydrate at position 386	loss of structure	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120				response	HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	Dendritic Cells|T cells	Dendritic Cells|	18237398	Neutralization by soluble CD4 and the neutralizing CD4 binding site (CD4BS) antibody b12 was significantly enhanced in the absence of the 386 sugar, indicating that this glycan protects the CD4BS against antibodies.
N160 glycan-V1/V2 site	unaltered level	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120				response	HIV Infections	HIV Infections	immunotherapeutic strategies	Humans	TZM-bl cells		26413851	Cross-group neutralization was observed only with the bNAbs targeting the N160 glycan-V1/V2 site.
glycan backbone of peptidoglycan	loss of structure				M-1 endo-N-acetylmuramidase				immune responsiveness			Chinese hamster	CHO fibroblasts	CHO Cells	11521064	Staphylococcus aureus lytic enzyme-digested product (SEPS) from peptidoglycan retained the activity, but hydrolysis of the glycan backbone in SEPS by M-1 endo-N-acetylmuramidase resulted in loss of the activity.
alpha1,3-linked fucose	decreased level	GlyCAM-1		L-selectin counter-receptors|Membrane Proteins|Mucins|sulfated glycoprotein p50	fucosyltransferase-VII		Fucosyltransferases|fucosyltransferase VII, mouse		diminished lymphocyte homing			mouse	peripheral lymph node		17172261	Our results show that most alpha1,3-fucosylated structures in 6-sulfo sialyl Lewis X are absent and 6-sulfo N-acetyllactosamine is increased in the mutant mice.
6-sulfated N-acetylglucosamine	increased level	GlyCAM-1		L-selectin counter-receptors|Membrane Proteins|Mucins|sulfated glycoprotein p50	keratan sulfate sulfotransferase		Sulfotransferases		diminished lymphocyte homing			mouse	peripheral lymph node		17172261	Our results show that most alpha1,3-fucosylated structures in 6-sulfo sialyl Lewis X are absent and 6-sulfo N-acetyllactosamine is increased in the mutant mice.
GPI anchor	increased level				GPI transamidase		GPI-Linked Proteins	diagnostic|prognostic	breast carcinoma	Breast Neoplasms|Carcinoma		human	breast cancer tissues|cells|serum	Breast Neoplasms|Cell Line	22654114	Several subunits of GPIT have increased expression levels in breast carcinoma.
Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen	unaltered level			Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen				diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	PA-1 cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	22805123	Sclerotium rolfsii lectin (SRL), isolated from soil born phytopathogenic fungus Sclerotium rolfsii, exhibits exquisite binding specificity to the oncofoetal Thomsen-Friedenreich (Galβ1,3GalNAcα-O-Ser/Thr, T or TF) antigen and associated glycans.
sulphated glycans	loss of structure				Papst1		Anion Transport Proteins		Hereditary Multiple Exostoses			zebrafish	cartilage		18654627	Positional cloning of pic reveals that it encodes a sulphate transporter required for sulphation of glycans (Papst1).
core-fucose	loss of structure	anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody		Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized				response	cancer		antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)	Bombyx mori	transgenic silkworm	Bombyx	30119885	We previously reported that the mAbs produced using transgenic silkworms showed stronger ADCC activity and lower complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) activity than mAbs derived from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells due to their unique N-glycan structure (lack of core-fucose and non-reducing terminal galactose).
non-reducing terminal galactose	loss of structure	anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody		Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized				response	cancer		antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)	Bombyx mori	transgenic silkworm	Bombyx	30119885	We previously reported that the mAbs produced using transgenic silkworms showed stronger ADCC activity and lower complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) activity than mAbs derived from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells due to their unique N-glycan structure (lack of core-fucose and non-reducing terminal galactose).
α2,6 sialylation	increased level	epidermal growth factor receptor		ErbB Receptors	ST6Gal-I	ST6GAL1	Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human	response	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms	gefitinib	human	colon cancer cells	Colonic Neoplasms	22266356	Sialylation of the EGFR affects EGF-mediated cell growth and induces chemoresistance to gefitinib in colon cancer cells.
α2,6 sialylation	decreased level	epidermal growth factor receptor		ErbB Receptors	ST6Gal-I	ST6GAL1	Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human	response	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms	gefitinib	human	colon cancer cells	Colonic Neoplasms	22266356	Importantly, the anticancer effect of the EGFR kinase inhibitor, gefitinib, was increased in ST6Gal-I-deficient colon cancer cells.
fucoidan	altered level								hematopoietic cell expansion			Humans	cord blood	Hematopoietic Stem Cells	21327939	The modulation of cytokine-driven hematopoietic cell expansion by fucoidan was investigated using two-level fractional and full factorial experimental designs.
fucoidan	altered level								hematopoietic culture formation			Humans	cord blood	Hematopoietic Stem Cells	21327939	Fucoidan was adsorbed by polystyrene to tissue culture plates and promoted formation of an adherent hematopoietic culture.
glycan heterogeneity	unaltered level	Etanercept		Etanercept				response	rheumatoid arthritis		Etanercept	Humans			27382576	Finally, the clinical assessment conducted in RA-diagnosed patients did not show significant differences in the evaluated pharmacodynamic markers of both products.
α2,3-linked sialic acids	increased level								LPS-induced inflammation			mouse	hippocampus|spinal cord	Hippocampus|Spinal Cord	23211310	We found that LPS caused significant increase of α2,3- and α2,6-linked sialic acids in the hippocampus and spinal cord.
α2,6-linked sialic acids	increased level								LPS-induced inflammation			mouse	hippocampus|spinal cord	Hippocampus|Spinal Cord	23211310	We found that LPS caused significant increase of α2,3- and α2,6-linked sialic acids in the hippocampus and spinal cord.
α2,3-linked sialic acids	increased level								LPS-induced inflammation			mouse	prefrontal cortex	Prefrontal Cortex	23211310	In the prefrontal cortex, the level of α2,3-linked sialic acids in selected glycoconjugates tended to be increased (p>0.05), while α2,6-linked sialic acids were reduced (p<0.05), while the expression of PSA-NCAM in all analyzed structures were significantly higher in comparison to the control group.
α2,6-linked sialic acids	decreased level								LPS-induced inflammation			mouse	prefrontal cortex	Prefrontal Cortex	23211310	In the prefrontal cortex, the level of α2,3-linked sialic acids in selected glycoconjugates tended to be increased (p>0.05), while α2,6-linked sialic acids were reduced (p<0.05), while the expression of PSA-NCAM in all analyzed structures were significantly higher in comparison to the control group.
asparagine-linked glycosylation	altered level	light chain		Immunoglobulin Light Chains					breast carcinoma	Breast Neoplasms		mouse	myeloma cells	Multiple Myeloma	8244420	The deduced amino acid sequence of VL contains an asparagine-linked glycosylation site in framework 3 (N74 I75 S76).
sialyl Lewis x	acquisition of structure	soluble complement receptor-1		soluble complement inhibitor 1				response	stroke	Cerebrovascular Disorders		Humans|Mice	cerebral microvessels	Cerebrovascular Circulation	10417391	The extracellular domain of soluble complement receptor-1 (sCR1) was sialyl Lewis x glycosylated (sCR1sLex) to inhibit complement activation and endothelial-platelet-leukocyte interactions.
N-linked glycans	unaltered level	MCAM		Cell Adhesion Molecules					Neoplasm Metastasis	Neoplasm Metastasis		Humans|Mice	vascular endothelium	Endothelium, Vascular	34223877	Binding of PNA to endothelial surface MCAM (CD146), via N-linked glycans, and subsequent activation of PI3K-AKT-PREAS40 signalling is here shown responsible for PNA-induced secretion of MCP-1 and IL-6 by vascular endothelium.
Thomsen-Friedenreich (TFα) antigen	increased level							response	healthy		oral dietary supplementation of a pasteurised Bacteroides xylanisolvens strain	human	serum		27048836	The data obtained from a double-blind, placebo-controlled study involving 140 healthy volunteers and lasting 8 weeks revealed that the oral uptake of this strain was indeed able to increase the level of TFα-specific immunoglobulin M serum antibodies.
sialyl Lewis X	increased level	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1|CD43|CD44		Hyaluronan Receptors|Leukosialin|Hyaluronan Receptors					inflammatory sites			human	monocytes	Leukocytes, Mononuclear	28330896	Circulating monocytes uniformly express high levels of the canonical E-selectin binding determinant sialyl Lewis X (sLeX) and display markedly greater adhesive interactions with E-selectin than do circulating lymphocytes, which exhibit variable E-selectin binding among CD4+ and CD8+ T cells but no binding by B cells.
sialyl Lewis X	decreased level								inflammatory sites			human	B cells	Leukocytes, Mononuclear	28330896	Quantitative PCR gene expression studies of glycosyltransferases that regulate display of sLeX reveal high transcript levels among circulating monocytes and low levels among circulating B cells, and, commensurately, cell surface α(1,3)-fucosylation reveals that acceptor sialyllactosaminyl glycans convertible into sLeX are abundantly expressed on human monocytes yet are relatively deficient on B cells.
high-mannose type N-glycans	increased level							diagnostic	Osteoarthritis			mouse	chondroprogenitor cells		24161698	Expression levels of high-mannose type N-glycans were up-regulated significantly at the late stage of differentiation of the mouse chondroprogenitor cells.
sialic acid residues	decreased level	CD8 T cells		CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	neuraminidase		Neuraminidase	diagnostic	lymphocytic choriomeningitis	Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis		mice	T cells		9670938	To analyze oligosaccharide structures on T cells activated in vivo, we examined alterations in sialic acid residues on T cells following infection of mice with lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCMV), vaccinia virus, and vesicular stomatitis virus.
sialic acid residues	decreased level	CD8 T cells		CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	neuraminidase		Neuraminidase	diagnostic	vaccinia virus infection			mice	T cells		9670938	To analyze oligosaccharide structures on T cells activated in vivo, we examined alterations in sialic acid residues on T cells following infection of mice with lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCMV), vaccinia virus, and vesicular stomatitis virus.
sialic acid residues	decreased level	CD8 T cells		CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	neuraminidase		Neuraminidase	diagnostic	vesicular stomatitis virus infection			mice	T cells		9670938	To analyze oligosaccharide structures on T cells activated in vivo, we examined alterations in sialic acid residues on T cells following infection of mice with lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCMV), vaccinia virus, and vesicular stomatitis virus.
Core 2 O-glycans	loss of structure				Core2 β1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (C2GnT)		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		Trichuris muris infection	Trichuriasis|Trichuris		Mice	Intestine, Large	Intestine, Large	23555902	In contrast, simultaneous deletion of the Core2 β1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (C2GnT) enzymes C2GnT1 and C2Gnt2 resulted in delayed expulsion of worms.
Gal-9	increased level							diagnostic	HIV	HIV|HIV Infections	anti-retroviral therapy	Humans	plasma		32695109	In regression analysis, higher VACS index scores were associated with higher levels of neopterin, cystatin C, TNFRI, and Gal-9 (all <i>p</i> < 0.05), potentially driven by correlations found with individual VACS components, including age, CD4 count, FIB-4, and eGFR.
Gal-9	increased level							diagnostic	age-related disorders	Aging	anti-retroviral therapy	Humans	plasma		32695109	Collectively, in addition to cystatin C and TNFRI, both galectin-9 and neopterin, independently emerged as novel fluid markers of the VACS Index and burden of comorbidity and may further guide in understanding pathogenic mechanisms of age-related disorders in older HIV-infected individuals on suppressive ART.
α2-6 sialylation	acquisition of structure	Fas		fas Receptor	ST6Gal-I	ST6GAL1	Sialyltransferases|ST6GAL1 protein, human	prognostic	colon carcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		human	colon carcinoma cells	Cell Line, Tumor	21550977	Up-regulation of ST6Gal-I occurs in many cancers, including colon carcinoma, and correlates with metastasis and poor prognosis.
high-mannose Glycans	altered level	gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120				response	human immunodeficiency virus infection	HIV Infections		Humans	T cells	CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	29306566	We designed bispecific CARs, each containing a segment of human CD4 linked to the carbohydrate recognition domain of a human C-type lectin.
glycosylphosphatidylinositols	unaltered level								Toxoplasmosis, Animal	Toxoplasmosis, Animal		mouse	macrophages	Macrophages	17617606	MyD88, but not TLR2, TLR4, or CD14, is absolutely needed to trigger TNF-alpha production by macrophages exposed to T. gondii GPIs.
glycan-free flank of the horse TLR4 solenoid	undetermined	Toll-Like Receptor 4		Toll-Like Receptor 4								Horses		Horses	18606678	Remarkably, we identify a single residue in the glycan-free flank of the horse TLR4 solenoid that confers the ability to signal in response to lipid IVa.
SSEA-4	increased level				β3GalT5			predictive|response	TKI-resistant non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR-T790M mutation	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung|Lung Neoplasms	SSEA-4 targeted monoclonal antibody	Humans	NSCLC cell lines		38252815	Compared to TKI-sensitive cell lines, SSEA-4 and the key enzyme β3GalT5 responsible for the synthesis of SSEA3 are more expressed in TKI-resistant NSCLC cell lines with EGFR-T790M mutation, and the expression levels strongly correlate with poor survival in patients with EGFR mutation.
α2-3-linked SAs	unaltered level	hemagglutinin-neuraminidase		HN Protein					human parainfluenza virus type 1 infection	Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human		Humans	host cell		21846691	We found that both sites bind to α2-3-linked SAs with a preference for a sialyl-Lewis(x) motif.
α2-3-linked SAs with a sulfated sialyl-Lewis motif	unaltered level	hemagglutinin-neuraminidase		HN Protein					human parainfluenza virus type 1 infection	Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human		Humans	host cell		21846691	Binding to α2-3-linked SAs with a sulfated sialyl-Lewis motif as well as to α2-8-linked SAs was unique for the second binding site.
α2-8-linked SAs	unaltered level	hemagglutinin-neuraminidase		HN Protein					human parainfluenza virus type 1 infection	Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human		Humans	host cell		21846691	Binding to α2-3-linked SAs with a sulfated sialyl-Lewis motif as well as to α2-8-linked SAs was unique for the second binding site.
unbranched (core 1) O-linked glycans	unaltered level	CD43		Leukosialin|SPN protein, human|Spn protein, mouse					resting T cells			mouse	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	11238599	Finally, sialoadhesin bound different glycoforms of CD43 expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells, including unbranched (core 1) and branched (core 2) O:-linked glycans, that are normally found on CD43 in resting and activated T cells, respectively.
branched (core 2) O-linked glycans	unaltered level	CD43		Leukosialin|SPN protein, human|Spn protein, mouse					activated T cells			mouse	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	11238599	Finally, sialoadhesin bound different glycoforms of CD43 expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells, including unbranched (core 1) and branched (core 2) O:-linked glycans, that are normally found on CD43 in resting and activated T cells, respectively.
terminal alpha1,4-GlcNAc	loss of structure	MUC2		MUC2 protein, human|Mucin-2					intestinal metaplasia	Metaplasia		Humans	gastric mucosa	Gastric Mucosa	16618943	Terminal alpha1,4-GlcNAc was not detected in IM except in a single foci of one case, indicating that this structure is not implicated in the clearance of Hp from IM, in contrast to what is observed in normal gastric mucosa.
sialyl-Tn antigen	acquisition of structure	MUC2		MUC2 protein, human|Mucin-2					intestinal metaplasia	Metaplasia		Humans	gastric mucosa	Gastric Mucosa	16618943	Finally, sialyl-Tn antigen colocalizes with MUC2 mucin and is present in all cases of complete and incomplete IM, suggesting that either or both can be implicated in Hp clearance from IM.
chondroitin sulfate	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	Multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis		C57BL/6J mice|Lewis rats	plasma		29915593	Increased plasma levels of chondroitin sulfate were detected before the onset of clinical symptoms and remained elevated at peak disease severity.
hyaluronic acid	increased level							prognostic	Multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis		C57BL/6J mice|Lewis rats	plasma		29915593	Hyaluronic acid was increased at the height of the disease, whereas heparan sulfate was transiently increased during early stages only.
heparan sulfate	increased level							diagnostic	Multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis		C57BL/6J mice|Lewis rats	plasma		29915593	Hyaluronic acid was increased at the height of the disease, whereas heparan sulfate was transiently increased during early stages only.
syndecans 1, 3, and 4	unaltered level								Multiple sclerosis	Multiple Sclerosis		C57BL/6J mice|Lewis rats	plasma		29915593	By contrast, syndecans 1, 3, and 4 were detected in EAE samples as well as healthy controls, with no significant differences between the two groups.
chondroitin sulfate	increased level				CHSY1		CHSY1 protein, human	prognostic	myxofibrosarcoma	Fibrosarcoma		human	soft tissue sarcoma	Soft Tissue Neoplasms	26997434	Notably, CHSY1 was strongly expressed in myxofibrosarcoma and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor compared with other tumors and significantly associated with higher- rather than lower-grade tumors (P < .01).
chondroitin sulfate	increased level				CHSY1		CHSY1 protein, human	prognostic	malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor	Nerve Sheath Neoplasms		human	soft tissue sarcoma	Soft Tissue Neoplasms	26997434	Notably, CHSY1 was strongly expressed in myxofibrosarcoma and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor compared with other tumors and significantly associated with higher- rather than lower-grade tumors (P < .01).
sialyl Lewis X	increased level								colon carcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		human	KM12-HX cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	11016656	KM12-HX cells that bound the monoclonal antibody (mAb) FH6 (anti-sLeX) and thus expressed a high level of sLeX demonstrated a greater degree of adhesion to liver sections than their low-binding counterparts, KM12-LX cells.
sialyl Lewis X	decreased level				endo-beta-galactosidase		keratan-sulfate endo-1,4-beta-galactosidase|beta-Galactosidase		colon carcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		human	KM12-HX cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	11016656	Endo-beta-galactosidase treatment significantly reduced adhesion and resulted in the loss of cell surface binding sites for mAb FH6.
glycophospholipid	acquisition of structure	Thy-1		Thy-1 Antigens								mouse	BW 5147 thymoma cells	Cell Line	1346244	Thy-1 is a glycophospholipid-linked protein.
glycan phosphatidylinositol	loss of structure	engineered protein										mouse	Ltk- cells	Cell Line	1346244	Ltk- cells cannot anchor proteins by glycan phosphatidylinositol linkage and were found to be unable to express the engineered protein extracellularly on their plasma membranes.
Sialyl Lewis X	increased level	Insulin receptor alpha subunit		Receptor, Insulin	alpha1,3-fucosyltransferase-VII	FUT7	FUT7 protein, human		insulin signaling			Human	H7721 human hepatocarcinoma cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	17229154	However the level of SLe(x) on the InR alpha subunit (InR-alpha) was increased dramatically.
sialylated and fucosylated oligosaccharide on a core-2 O-glycan	acquisition of structure	T cells		Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte	core 2 beta1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I				psoriatic skin	Psoriasis		Humans	cutaneous lesions	Skin	16982914	CHO-131(+) T cells were considerably enriched in psoriatic skin, yet, unlike the peripheral blood of healthy individuals, HECA-452 and CHO-131 stained a similar proportion of T cells in the cutaneous lesions, indicating an accumulation advantage by CHO-131(+) T cells.
mannose	undetermined	Salivary agglutinin	DMBT1	DMBT1 protein, human					Candida albicans	Candida albicans		Humans	saliva	Saliva	27082983	Furthermore, SAG binding to DC-SIGN or Langerin prevented binding to the micro-organisms Candida albicans and Escherichia coli which express mannose and fucose-containing glycan structures.
fucose	undetermined	Salivary agglutinin	DMBT1	DMBT1 protein, human					Candida albicans	Candida albicans		Humans	saliva	Saliva	27082983	Furthermore, SAG binding to DC-SIGN or Langerin prevented binding to the micro-organisms Candida albicans and Escherichia coli which express mannose and fucose-containing glycan structures.
mannose	undetermined	Salivary agglutinin	DMBT1	DMBT1 protein, human					Escherichia coli	Escherichia coli		Humans	saliva	Saliva	27082983	Furthermore, SAG binding to DC-SIGN or Langerin prevented binding to the micro-organisms Candida albicans and Escherichia coli which express mannose and fucose-containing glycan structures.
fucose	undetermined	Salivary agglutinin	DMBT1	DMBT1 protein, human					Escherichia coli	Escherichia coli		Humans	saliva	Saliva	27082983	Furthermore, SAG binding to DC-SIGN or Langerin prevented binding to the micro-organisms Candida albicans and Escherichia coli which express mannose and fucose-containing glycan structures.
galectin-1 binding sites	altered level								squamous cell carcinomas of the oropharynx	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|Oropharyngeal Neoplasms		Humans	oropharyngeal region	Oropharyngeal Neoplasms	10719052	Employing biotinylated galectin-1 and galectin-3 we studied the expression of binding sites for these galectins in normal human squamous epithelium and human carcinomas from the oropharyngeal region and larynx in relation to the expression of LP-34+ cytokeratins by the procedure of double labeling.
galectin-3 binding sites	altered level								squamous cell carcinomas of the larynx	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|Laryngeal Neoplasms		Humans	larynx	Laryngeal Neoplasms	10719052	In contrast, galectin-3 binding was suprabasal in the normal epithelium and in tumor cells exhibiting signs of keratinization.
GT1 (d18:1/20:0)	acquisition of structure								hemangioma	Hemangioma		human	frontal cortex	Cerebral Cortex	19841910	In HFC, only GT1 (d18:1/20:0), and GT3 (d18:1/25:1) polysialylated species were detected.
GT3 (d18:1/25:1)	acquisition of structure								hemangioma	Hemangioma		human	frontal cortex	Cerebral Cortex	19841910	In HFC, only GT1 (d18:1/20:0), and GT3 (d18:1/25:1) polysialylated species were detected.
O-Ac-GD2	acquisition of structure								hemangioma	Hemangioma		human	frontal cortex	Cerebral Cortex	19841910	Unlike the case of previously investigated high malignancy gliosarcoma, in HFC one modified O-Ac-GD2 and one modified O-Ac-GM4 gangliosides were observed.
O-Ac-GM4	acquisition of structure								hemangioma	Hemangioma		human	frontal cortex	Cerebral Cortex	19841910	Unlike the case of previously investigated high malignancy gliosarcoma, in HFC one modified O-Ac-GD2 and one modified O-Ac-GM4 gangliosides were observed.
glycans on the Fc-domain of trastuzumab	altered level	trastuzumab		Trastuzumab				response	HER2-positive breast cancer		trastuzumab labeled with (111)In	Humans	SK-BR-3 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	25919639	MCPs were synthesized with a polyglutamide backbone with 24 or 29 pendant DTPA groups, with or without nuclear translocation sequence (NLS) peptide modification and a terminal hydrazide group for reaction with aldehydes generated by sodium periodate (NaIO4)-oxidation of glycans on the Fc-domain of trastuzumab.
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol	altered level	GPLD1		Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Diacylglycerol-Lyase				monitoring	stroke	Stroke		Humans	Lipoproteins, HDL	Lipoproteins, HDL	32844720	Changes in HDL protein composition and function (cholesterol efflux capacity) in patients after acute ischemic stroke at 2 time points (24 hours, 35 patients; 96 hours, 20 patients) and in 35 control subjects were measured.
anti-GP2 antibodies	increased level	glycoprotein 2		GP2 protein, human				diagnostic|predictive	pouchitis	Pouchitis		human	serum|feces	Humans|	23639628	Anti-GP2 was elevated in both serum and fecal samples of patients with inflamed compared to those with non-inflamed pouches and patients with familial-adenomatous polyposis after surgery (p<0.05, respectively).
anti-GP2 antibodies	increased level	glycoprotein 2		GP2 protein, human				diagnostic|predictive	Crohn's disease-like complications			human	serum|feces	Humans|	23639628	Moreover, patients with CD-like complications exhibited significantly higher anti-GP2 titers than those without CD-like complications (p≤0.01).
sialic acid	unaltered level	Siglec-8		SIGLEC8 protein, human					eosinophil cell death			human	eosinophils	Eosinophils	34721399	Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (Siglec)-8 is a glycan-binding receptor bearing immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory and switch motifs (ITIM and ITSM, respectively) that is selectively expressed on eosinophils, mast cells, and, to a lesser extent, basophils.
glycans of the spike	undetermined	Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus		Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus|spike protein, SARS-CoV-2					SARS-CoV-2	SARS-CoV-2		Humans	respiratory mucosa|lung tissue	Respiratory Mucosa|Lung	34015061	DC-SIGN, L-SIGN, Langerin and MGL bind to diverse glycans of the spike using multiple interaction areas.
sialyl Lewis X	decreased level			Sialyl Lewis X Antigen	NEU4		NEU4 protein, human|Neuraminidase		colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		human	colon cancer cells	Colonic Neoplasms|Cell Line, Tumor	30700826	Here we found that p73 and AP2 are able to activate NEU4, a neuraminidase gene, which removes the terminal sialic acid residues from cancer-associated glycans.
N-glycan	altered level	CD20 monoclonal antibody		Antibodies, Monoclonal				response	cancer			chicken	egg white		29554481	Ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) analysis showed that the cCD20 mAb exhibited 14 N-glycan patterns with high-mannose, afucosylation and terminal galactosylation.
HNK-1	unaltered level							response	spinal cord injury	Spinal Cord Injuries	ursolic acid	mouse	spinal cord		29567576	Human natural killer-1 (HNK-1) cell antigen is a glycan epitope involved in several neural events, such as neuritogenesis, myelination, synaptic plasticity and regeneration of the nervous system after injury.
sialyl-Lewis(x)	unaltered level	Zona Pellucida Glycoproteins		Zona Pellucida Glycoproteins					Sperm-Ovum Interactions	Sperm-Ovum Interactions		Humans	Zona Pellucida	Zona Pellucida	21852454	Here, ultrasensitive mass spectrometric analyses revealed that the sialyl-Lewis(x) sequence [NeuAcα2-3Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAc], a well-known selectin ligand, is the most abundant terminal sequence on the N- and O-glycans of human ZP.
glycosylated MUC16	altered level	MUC16		MUC16 protein, human				diagnostic|response	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms	[177Lu]Lu-CHX-A″-DTPA-huAR9.6	mouse	OVCAR3 tumor	Cell Line, Tumor	38485271	Aberrantly expressed glycans on mucins such as mucin-16 (MUC16) are implicated in the biology that promotes ovarian cancer (OC) malignancy.
6-sulfo sialyl Lewis x	decreased level	L-selectin counterreceptors		L-selectin counter-receptors	L-selectin ligand sulfotransferase|core 2 beta1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-1		HEV-specific LSST|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase		chronic inflammation			mouse	high endothelial venules	Endothelium, Lymphatic	14593101	By contrast, LSST/Core2GlcNAcT double null mice exhibited a markedly reduced lymphocyte homing and reduced lymphocyte counts as a result of significantly decreased 6-sulfo sLe(x) on HEV L-selectin counterreceptors, relative to LSST- or Core2GlcNAcT-single null mice.
glycosylphosphatidylinositol	increased level	PIGU		Protein Subunits				prognostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	HCC tissues	Liver Neoplasms	30171988	In this study, we conducted bioinformatics, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemistry analysis to investigate the expression profile of GPI-T subunits in HCC tissues, finding that PIGU was the most significantly overexpressed GPI-T subunit in HCC tissues at both the RNA and protein levels.
2-linked fucosylated glycans	increased level	MUC1|MUC4		MUC1 protein, human|MUC4 protein, human				risk	calicivirus diarrhoea			Human	milk	Milk, Human	16266293	Breast-feeding-associated protection against calicivirus diarrhoea is associated with the presence of high levels of 2-linked oligosaccharides in mother's milk, and human calicivirus strains including the NV (Norwalk virus) use gut 2-linked fucosylated glycans as receptors, suggesting the presence of decoy receptors in milk.
cell surface glycan bearing an azido group	acquisition of structure	folate receptor		Folate Receptors, GPI-Anchored					cancer	Neoplasms		Humans	folate receptor-overexpressing cells		29792670	This is achieved through selective delivery of 1,3,4- O-acetyl- N-azidoacetylmannosamine (Ac3ManNAz) to folate receptor-overexpressing cells using an Ac3ManNAz-folate conjugate via a cleavable linker.
sialylated glycans	altered level								gastric inflammation			H. pylori	gastric mucosa	Gastric Mucosa	17121461	Adherence of Helicobacter pylori to inflamed gastric mucosa is dependent on the sialic acid-binding adhesin (SabA) and cognate sialylated/fucosylated glycans on the host cell surface.
sialic acid	undetermined	CA125		CA-125 Antigen					pregnancy	Pregnancy		Humans	placenta	Placenta	20488159	The glycan composition of inhibitors of carbohydrate-binding pointed to sialic acid as one determinant for recognition but indicated that sialylation was not alone and that glycotopes containing galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine and N-acetylglucosamine were also important.
galactose	undetermined	CA125		CA-125 Antigen					pregnancy	Pregnancy		Humans	placenta	Placenta	20488159	The glycan composition of inhibitors of carbohydrate-binding pointed to sialic acid as one determinant for recognition but indicated that sialylation was not alone and that glycotopes containing galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine and N-acetylglucosamine were also important.
N-acetylgalactosamine	undetermined	CA125		CA-125 Antigen					pregnancy	Pregnancy		Humans	placenta	Placenta	20488159	The glycan composition of inhibitors of carbohydrate-binding pointed to sialic acid as one determinant for recognition but indicated that sialylation was not alone and that glycotopes containing galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine and N-acetylglucosamine were also important.
N-acetylglucosamine	undetermined	CA125		CA-125 Antigen					pregnancy	Pregnancy		Humans	placenta	Placenta	20488159	The glycan composition of inhibitors of carbohydrate-binding pointed to sialic acid as one determinant for recognition but indicated that sialylation was not alone and that glycotopes containing galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine and N-acetylglucosamine were also important.
glycan	undetermined	Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus		Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus					Viral Zoonoses	Viral Zoonoses		Chiroptera|Humans	cells		36477529	Cryo-electron microscopy analysis revealed an RBD-ACE2 binding interface involving protein-glycan interactions, distinct from those of other known ACE2-using coronaviruses.
sialylglycans	increased level	fibronectin	FN1	FN1 protein, human|Fibronectins	ST6GAL1		ST6GAL1 protein, human|Sialyltransferases		erythremia	Polycythemia Vera		human	lymphocytes	Lymphocytes	25566667	We studied the levels of lymphocyte surface-associated sialylglycans and the expression of neuraminidase NEU1 and sialyltransferase ST6GAL1 genes in lymphocytes in erythremia patients and healthy donors as well as the levels of sialic acids in plasma and sialylation of alpha-acid glycoprotein and fibronectin.
sialylglycans	increased level	alpha-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid	ST6GAL1		ST6GAL1 protein, human|Sialyltransferases		erythremia	Polycythemia Vera		human	lymphocytes	Lymphocytes	25566667	We studied the levels of lymphocyte surface-associated sialylglycans and the expression of neuraminidase NEU1 and sialyltransferase ST6GAL1 genes in lymphocytes in erythremia patients and healthy donors as well as the levels of sialic acids in plasma and sialylation of alpha-acid glycoprotein and fibronectin.
sialylglycans	increased level	fibronectin	FN1	FN1 protein, human|Fibronectins	NEU1		NEU1 protein, human|Neuraminidase		erythremia	Polycythemia Vera		human	lymphocytes	Lymphocytes	25566667	We studied the levels of lymphocyte surface-associated sialylglycans and the expression of neuraminidase NEU1 and sialyltransferase ST6GAL1 genes in lymphocytes in erythremia patients and healthy donors as well as the levels of sialic acids in plasma and sialylation of alpha-acid glycoprotein and fibronectin.
sialylglycans	increased level	alpha-acid glycoprotein		Orosomucoid	NEU1		NEU1 protein, human|Neuraminidase		erythremia	Polycythemia Vera		human	lymphocytes	Lymphocytes	25566667	We studied the levels of lymphocyte surface-associated sialylglycans and the expression of neuraminidase NEU1 and sialyltransferase ST6GAL1 genes in lymphocytes in erythremia patients and healthy donors as well as the levels of sialic acids in plasma and sialylation of alpha-acid glycoprotein and fibronectin.
anti-laminarin	increased level	Immunoglobulin A		Immunoglobulin A				diagnostic	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease		Humans			19491856	gASCA IgG and IgA best differentiated CD from UC followed by anti-L (area under the curve 0.818, 0.815, and 0.702, respectively).
anti-chitin	increased level	Immunoglobulin A		Immunoglobulin A				diagnostic	Crohn's disease	Crohn Disease		Humans			19491856	The addition of anti-L and anti-C to gASCA IgG and pANCA improved discrimination between CD and UC (P<0.001).
oligomannosidic carbohydrates	undetermined	basigin		Basigin					synaptic plasticity			mouse	brain	Mice	12558975	Basigin was found to bind to high mannose-carrying cell recognition molecules, such as myelin-associated glycoprotein, L1, the beta2-subunit of Na+/K+-ATPase and an oligomannosidic neoglycolipid.
oligomannosidic carbohydrates	undetermined	basigin		Basigin					regeneration			mouse	brain	Mice	12558975	Recognition molecules that carry carbohydrate structures regulate cell interactions during development and play important roles in synaptic plasticity and regeneration in the adult.
core fucose	loss of structure	immunoglobulin G		Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments					antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity	Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity	therapeutic antibodies	human	immunoglobulin G	Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments	26444434	Core fucose removal from N-glycans on the Fc portion of immunoglobulin G (IgG) improves the binding affinity for Fcγ receptor IIIa (FcγRIIIa) and dramatically enhances ADCC.
Thomsen-Friedenreich TACA disaccharide	unaltered level	MUC4		Mucin-4				diagnostic	pancreatic adenocarcinomas	Pancreatic Neoplasms		rabbit	pancreatic tumor tissue	Pancreatic Neoplasms	30952968	Tissue staining also showed distinct tumor specificity to pancreatic tumor tissue in relation to normal pancreatic tissue, with a preference for more aggressive tumor foci.
NPL lectin	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	melanoma	Melanoma, Experimental		C57BL/6 mice	melanoma tumor	Melanoma, Experimental	24891277	NPL lectin selectively recognized regions of undifferentiated melanoblasts surrounding neoangiogenic foci inside melanoma tumor, PNA lectin recognized differentiated melanoblasts, and LCA and WGA were bound to tumor stroma regions.
lipopolysaccharide, Helicobacter pylori serotype O2	altered level								gastric diseases		antibiotic management	Helicobacter pylori	gastric mucosa		15925350	Helicobacter pylori bacteria colonize the gastric mucosa of more than half of the world's human population and its infection may instigate a wide spectrum of gastric diseases in the host.
proteoglycans and glycan	altered level							prognostic	triple negative breast cancer	Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms		Human	breast cancer tissue		34315420	Enrichment pathway analysis revealed their involvement in proteoglycans and glycan and cancer-associated pathways.
hyaluronan	unaltered level	CD44		Hyaluronan Receptors				diagnostic	non-small cell lung tumors	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung		Humans	lung	Lung	7509720	Here we report that CD44 is a novel biomarker for non-small cell lung tumors, squamous metaplasia of the lung, and activated type II pneumocytes.
hyaluronan	unaltered level	CD44		Hyaluronan Receptors				diagnostic	squamous metaplasia of the lung	Metaplasia		Humans	lung	Lung	7509720	Here we report that CD44 is a novel biomarker for non-small cell lung tumors, squamous metaplasia of the lung, and activated type II pneumocytes.
hyaluronan	unaltered level	CD44		Hyaluronan Receptors				diagnostic	activated type II pneumocytes			Humans	lung	Lung	7509720	Here we report that CD44 is a novel biomarker for non-small cell lung tumors, squamous metaplasia of the lung, and activated type II pneumocytes.
Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF; Galβ1,3GalNAcα-) disaccharide	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				risk	colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		human	serum		21933892	The levels of serum galectin-2, -3, -4, and -8 were significantly increased up to 31-fold in patients with cancer and, in particular, those with metastases.
Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF; Galβ1,3GalNAcα-) disaccharide	increased level	MUC1		MUC1 protein, human|Mucin-1				risk	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		human	serum		21933892	The levels of serum galectin-2, -3, -4, and -8 were significantly increased up to 31-fold in patients with cancer and, in particular, those with metastases.
Lacto-N-fucopentaose III	unaltered level								cancer			human	tumor/cancer cells		16148169	LNFPIII/LeX is also expressed by immunosuppressive helminth parasites, by bacteria, and on a number of tumor/cancer cells.
Lewis X	unaltered level								cancer			human	tumor/cancer cells		16148169	LNFPIII/LeX is also expressed by immunosuppressive helminth parasites, by bacteria, and on a number of tumor/cancer cells.
glycan biosynthesis	altered level							prognostic	colon adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma|Colonic Neoplasms		Humans			32522293	Furthermore, the DEmRNAs in the co-expression network were mainly enriched in glycan biosynthesis, cardiac muscle contraction, and colorectal cancer.
GlycA	increased level							diagnostic|predictive	metabolic syndrome	Metabolic Syndrome		Humans	plasma		26081900	Here, we tested the extent to which plasma GlycA is elevated in metabolic syndrome (MetS), and determined its relationship with LCAT activity.
GlycA	unaltered level								type 2 diabetes mellitus	Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2		Humans	plasma		26081900	GlycA was unrelated to diabetes status.
GPI-anchor	loss of structure	CD59|CD55		CD59 Antigens|CD55 Antigens				diagnostic	Mut phenotypes in cancer			Humans	colon cancer lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	11212264	In every case, flow cytometric analyses of cells sorted for low fluorescence after staining for GPI-linked CD59 and CD55 revealed negative peaks in the Mut lines but not in the controls.
N-glycan precursors	increased level								acute kidney injury	Acute Kidney Injury	oral glucosamine supplementation	mice	kidney	Kidney Function Tests	27557097	Recent evidence suggests that increased synthesis of N-glycan precursors in the hexosamine pathway as well as feeding of animals with aminosugars produced in the hexosamine pathway may increase stress resistance through reducing proteotoxic stress and alleviate pathology in model organisms.
CCA-associated carbohydrate antigen (CCA-CA)	acquisition of structure	MUC5AC		Mucin 5AC				diagnostic	cholangiocarcinoma	Cholangiocarcinoma		hamster	biliary cells	Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic	21784171	CCA-CA became detectable in the cytoplasm and apical surface of biliary cells of the NDMA and Ov+NDMA groups at early stage (1 month) of tumor development and increased with tumor progression.
CCA-associated carbohydrate antigen (CCA-CA)	acquisition of structure	MUC5AC		Mucin 5AC				diagnostic	Opisthorchis viverrini infection	Opisthorchiasis		hamster	biliary cells	Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic	21784171	In contrast, CCA-CA was detected as nuclear staining at the 1 month post Ov infection and declined thereafter.
glycans	unaltered level								Giardia lamblia	Giardia lamblia		Giardia lamblia	trophozoites		16407213	During encystation Giardia trophozoites secrete a fibrillar extracellular matrix of glycans and cyst wall proteins on the cell surface.
glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor	altered level				phosphatidylinositol glycan-A (PIG-A)		phosphatidylinositol glycan-class A protein		paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH)	Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal		Humans	T cells	T-Lymphocytes	15817705	Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH) is a haematopoiesis disorder characterized by the expansion of a stem cell bearing a somatic mutation in the phosphatidylinositol glycan-A (PIG-A) gene, which is involved in the biosynthesis of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor.
high mannose oligosaccharides	unaltered level	langerin		CD207 protein, human								rat	fibroblast		12626394	Langerin extracellular domain binds mammalian high mannose oligosaccharides, as well mannose-containing structures on yeast invertase but does not bind complex glycan structures.
glycan-based targeting	undetermined							response	immune responses		vaccine	Humans	Langerhans cells	Langerhans Cells	34745102	Although antibody and glycan-based targeting of receptors on dendritic cells have been employed, these are often expensive and time-consuming to manufacture or lack sufficient specificity.
N-glycan	altered level								head and neck squamous cell carcinoma	Mouth Neoplasms		Humans	HNSCC cell line, UMSCC1	Tumor Cells, Cultured	21273584	The three most significantly regulated pathways by thyme essential oil were interferon signaling, N-glycan biosynthesis and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) signaling.
O-linked glycoconjugates	loss of structure								Norrie disease			Humans	retina	Retina	8876395	These observations suggest that the O-linked glycoconjugates in the lumina of rosettes were not sialylated in the present case.
α2-6-sialic acid	decreased level				ST6Gal-I	ST6GAL1	ST6GAL1 protein, human	response	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular	docetaxel	human	MHCC97-H cells	Cell Line, Tumor	27340870	In this study, we found that knockdown of ST6Gal-I increased the sensitivity of hepatocarcinoma MHCC97-H cells to docetaxel treatment by instigating the process of apoptosis.
α2-6-sialic acid	increased level				ST6Gal-I	ST6GAL1	ST6GAL1 protein, human	response	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular	docetaxel	human	Huh7 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	27340870	Conversely, exogenous expression of ST6Gal-I in hepatocarcinoma Huh7 cells inhibited apoptotic cell death and prevented docetaxel-induced apoptosis by inhibiting p38 MAPK mediated mitochondrial-dependent pathway.
α1,3-fucosylation	decreased level	CD44		CD44 protein, human|Cd44 protein, mouse|Hyaluronan Receptors	FUT4		FUT4 protein, human|Fucosyltransferases	diagnostic	infertility	Infertility		human|mouse	serum		28914881	Our results also revealed that miR-200c decreased α1.3-fucosylation on glycoprotein CD44, which further inactivated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
α1,3-fucosylation	decreased level	CD44		CD44 protein, human|Cd44 protein, mouse|Hyaluronan Receptors	FUT4		FUT4 protein, human|Fucosyltransferases	diagnostic	abortion	Abortion, Spontaneous		human|mouse	serum		28914881	Our results also revealed that miR-200c decreased α1.3-fucosylation on glycoprotein CD44, which further inactivated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
HNK-1 glyco-epitope	loss of structure	GluR2		glutamate receptor ionotropic, AMPA 2	GlcAT-P		Glucuronosyltransferase		impaired hippocampus-dependent spatial learning			mouse	hippocampus	Hippocampus	19796667	Our previous report showed that mice lacking GlcAT-P almost completely lost HNK-1 expression in the brain and exhibited reduced long-term potentiation (LTP) at hippocampal CA1 synapses.
Thomsen-nouveau	unaltered level							response	Breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	passive immunotherapy	Mouse	MCF-7 cell line	MCF-7 Cells	30030557	Kt-IgM-8 demonstrated in vitro and in vivo tumor killing against the Michigan Cancer Foundation breast cell line 7 (MCF-7).
sialosyl Lewis(a) gangliosides	unaltered level								colon cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	CX-1 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	11831392	The electron microscopy data in conjunction with other results described in this report strongly support the hypothesis that sialosyl Lea gangliosides are not involved in the adhesion of CX-1 cells to E-selectin when mucins are present on the cell surface, but they may be involved in binding to E-selectin in their absence.
glucuronic acid 3-sulfate	undetermined								fear memories			Rats	amygdala	Amygdala	29094304	The present immunohistochemical investigation studied PNN structure and distribution, as well as the neurochemistry of their ensheathed neurons, in the rat amygdala using monoclonal antibody VC1.1, which recognizes a glucuronic acid 3-sulfate glycan associated with PNNs in the cerebral cortex.
Sialyl-Lewis X	unaltered level			Sialyl Lewis X Antigen	FucT-VII	FUT7	Fucosyltransferases		inflammatory sites			Cattle	thymus and spleen		22909383	The Sialyl-Lewis X (Slex) is a well-known glycan structure involved in leukocyte homing and recruitment to inflammatory sites.
V3 glycan	acquisition of structure	broadly neutralizing antibody PGT121		Antibodies, Neutralizing|Antibodies, Viral|HIV Antibodies				response	Simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) infection	Simian Immunodeficiency Virus	Toll-like receptor 7 agonist vesatolimod (GS-9620)	rhesus monkeys			30283138	Here we show that administration of the V3 glycan-dependent bNAb PGT121 together with the Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist vesatolimod (GS-9620) during ART delayed viral rebound following discontinuation of ART in simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV)-SF162P3-infected rhesus monkeys in which ART was initiated during early acute infection.
Globo H	increased level				fucosyltransferase 2		Fucosyltransferases|Galactoside 2-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase	diagnostic|predictive|response	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms	Globo H antibody	Humans	tumors	Cell Line, Tumor	24122375	In our study, we performed glycan microarray analysis of 134 human serum samples to explore anti-Globo H antibody changes and found that Globo H is upregulated in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-positive HCC.
glycoengineered obinutuzumab	increased level	obinutuzumab		obinutuzumab				response	chronic lymphoblastic leukemia	Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell		Humans	whole blood		24106207	Furthermore, glycoengineered obinutuzumab activated PMNs, either purified or in chronic lymphoblastic leukemia whole blood, more efficiently than wild-type rituximab.
sialyl-Tn	acquisition of structure	integrin β1		Integrin beta1	ST6GaLNAc I		Sialyltransferases|CMP-N-acetylneuraminate-alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminide alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase	prognostic	Breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Mice	MDA-MB-231 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	31595388	Expression of the cancer-associated carbohydrate antigen sialyl-Tn (STn) in breast cancer is associated with a poor prognosis; however, involvement of STn in the development of metastatic bone lesions remains unclear.
sialyl-Tn	acquisition of structure	integrin β1		Integrin beta1	ST6GaLNAc I		Sialyltransferases|CMP-N-acetylneuraminate-alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminide alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase	prognostic	Metastatic bone lesions	Bone Neoplasms		Mice	MDA-MB-231 cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	31595388	Contrary to expectations, STn expression attenuated the development of destructive bone lesions in the in vivo mice models.
Lewis b [Fucα1-2Galβ1-3(Fucα1-4)GlcNAc]	increased level							diagnostic|prognostic	colorectal carcinoma	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	cancer mucosae	Intestinal Mucosa	24391218	The MBP-staining pattern in cancer mucosae significantly overlapped with that of Lewis b [Fucα1-2Galβ1-3(Fucα1-4)GlcNAc] staining, but the Lewis b staining in normal tissues was not associated with MBP staining.
sialyl Lewis a [NeuAc(α2-3)Galβ1-3(Fucα1-4)GlcNAc]	decreased level							diagnostic|prognostic	colorectal carcinoma	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	cancer mucosae	Intestinal Mucosa	24391218	In addition, the MBP staining correlated inversely with the expression of CA19-9 Ag, and MBP stained 11 of 25 (44%) CA19-9 (sialyl Lewis a [NeuAc(α2-3)Galβ1-3(Fucα1-4)GlcNAc])(-) colorectal carcinoma tissues.
polylactosamine glycans	altered level	Galectin-3		Galectin 3				prognostic	tongue carcinoma	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|Tongue Neoplasms		Humans	tongue epithelium	Tongue	11156213	Galectin-3 is a member of the beta-galactoside-binding mammalian lectin family with affinity to ABH group epitopes, cell surface and extracellular polylactosamine glycans.
core fucose	loss of structure	CD14			Fut8		Fucosyltransferases|Glycoprotein 6-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase		pulmonary emphysema			Mice	mouse embryonic fibroblasts	Mice	28973141	Core-fucose-deficient mice generated by ablating the α1,6 fucosyltransferase enzyme, Fut8, exhibit severe pulmonary emphysema, partly due to impaired macrophage function, similar to aged Toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4)-deficient mice.
N-glycan	unaltered level	podocalyxin		podocalyxin				diagnostic	oral squamous cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|Mouth Neoplasms		Humans	oral squamous cell carcinoma cells	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|Mouth Neoplasms	28873000	Podocalyxin is a CD34-related type I transmembrane protein that is highly glycosylated with N-glycan, O-glycan, and keratan sulfate.
O-glycan	unaltered level	podocalyxin		podocalyxin				diagnostic	oral squamous cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|Mouth Neoplasms		Humans	oral squamous cell carcinoma cells	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|Mouth Neoplasms	28873000	Podocalyxin is a CD34-related type I transmembrane protein that is highly glycosylated with N-glycan, O-glycan, and keratan sulfate.
keratan sulfate	unaltered level	podocalyxin		podocalyxin				diagnostic	oral squamous cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|Mouth Neoplasms		Humans	oral squamous cell carcinoma cells	Carcinoma, Squamous Cell|Mouth Neoplasms	28873000	Podocalyxin is a CD34-related type I transmembrane protein that is highly glycosylated with N-glycan, O-glycan, and keratan sulfate.
fucosylated glycans	altered level				α1,3/4-fucosyltransferase (FUT3)		Fucosyltransferases	prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Human	invasive breast carcinoma	Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast	26321244	Fucosylated glycans synthesized by α1,3/4-fucosyltransferase (FUT3) enzyme play an important role in breast cancer prognosis and metastasis, being involved in the binding of circulating tumor cells to the endothelium and being related to tumor stage, metastatic potential and chemoresistance.
sialyl Lewis X	unaltered level				α1,3/4-fucosyltransferase (FUT3)		Fucosyltransferases	prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Human	invasive breast carcinoma	Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast	26321244	Despite the pro-tumor action of this enzyme, studies have demonstrated its role in natural killer-induced cytotoxicity through the recognition of sialyl Lewis X by C-type lectin receptors and through extrinsic apoptosis pathway triggered by Apo2L-TRAIL.
6'-sulfated sialyl Lewis X	unaltered level	Siglec-F ligands		Sialic Acid Binding Immunoglobulin-like Lectins	Type 3 α2,3 sialyltransferase	St3gal3	beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		eosinophil survival			mouse	lung	Lung	20395633	The survival of eosinophils entering the lung may be shortened by encountering these Siglec-F sialoside ligands.
glycan-restricted envelope (Env) glycoproteins	altered level	envelope (Env) glycoproteins		env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus					HIV Infections	HIV Infections		Humans	HeLa cells	HeLa Cells	20147398	Compact, glycan-restricted envelope (Env) glycoproteins are selected during heterosexual transmission of subtype C HIV-1.
Fucosylated glycans	acquisition of structure	sperm		Biomarkers				diagnostic	acrosome reaction			Human	sperm	Spermatozoa	8654649	Fucosylated glycans are expressed on AR human sperm.
NeuAcα2-6-Gal	increased level	Hemagglutinin		Hemagglutinins					Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype	Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype		Humans	Host cell		30996301	At high NeuAcα2-6-Gal levels, the IAV-induced host-cell death is positively correlated with haemagglutinin (HA) binding affinity to NeuAcα2-6-Gal.
sialyl Lewis X (sLeX)	increased level	Hemagglutinin		Hemagglutinins					Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype	Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype		Humans	Host cell		30996301	Remarkably, an increment of host-cell-surface sialyl Lewis X (sLeX) exacerbates the killing by several wild-type IAV strains and a previously engineered mutant HK68-MTA.
E-selectin ligand	increased level	HCELL|65-kDa E-selectin ligand		hematopoietic cell E- and L-selectin ligand, human|	ST3GalIV|FucT-IV|FucT-VII		beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase|FUT4 protein, human|FUT7 protein, human		vascular and inflammatory complications		G-CSF	human	myeloid cells	Myeloid Cells	16980970	These findings provide direct evidence for a role of G-CSF in the induction of E-selectin ligands on myeloid cells, thus providing mechanistic insight into the pathobiology of G-CSF complications.
sialyl Lewis(x)-related moieties	unaltered level	C1 inhibitor		Complement C1|Complement C1 Inactivator Proteins|Complement C1 Inhibitor Protein					inflammation			human	plasma		14568956	We demonstrated that plasma C1INH does express sialyl Lewis(x)-related moieties on its N-glycan as detected using mAb HECA-452 and CSLEX1.
sialylated N-linked glycans	unaltered level	heat stable antigen (HSA)/mouse CD24		CD24 Antigen|CD24 protein, human|Cd24a protein, mouse					myeloid cell binding			mouse	myeloid cells	Monocytes|Neutrophils	8562500	The staining was dependent on divalent cations and treatment with endoglycosidase F or neuraminidase indicated that sialylated N-linked glycans were recognized.
glycan ligand of sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec)-7	undetermined								mycobacterial infections	Tuberculosis	novel vaccines	human	dendritic cells	Dendritic Cells	25000981	Targeting was achieved by decorating the liposomes with a high-affinity glycan ligand of sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin (Siglec)-7, a siglec receptor expressed on DCs that mediates rapid endocytosis and transport of its cargo to lysosomes.
sialylated, fucosylated lactosaminoglycans	undetermined								Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute	Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute		Humans	myeloid cells		1378449	P-selectin (CD62, GMP-140, PADGEM), a Ca(2+)-dependent lectin on activated platelets and endothelium, functions as a receptor for myeloid cells by interacting with sialylated, fucosylated lactosaminoglycans.
alpha1-6 fucosylated N-glycans	altered level	alpha-fetoprotein		Glycoprotein 6-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase	alpha1-6 fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases	diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinomas	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Human	cancer cell lines	Tumor Cells, Cultured	9378548	These oligosaccharide structures are essential for the attachment of polysialic acid to the neural-cell-adhesion molecule, and its levels are useful for the differential diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinomas with respect to the microheterogeneity of alpha-fetoprotein.
sialyl-Lewis X	undetermined	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1		P-selectin ligand protein					P-selectin adhesion			Humans	neutrophils	Leukocytes	7585950	P-selectin binding to neutrophils requires a specific protein, P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1), as well as sialyl-Lewis X (sLex) glycan determinants.
N-acetylgalactosamine beta-1 (GalNAcβ1) motif	acquisition of structure	Podocalyxin		podocalyxin				prognostic|response	high-grade serous ovarian tumors	Ovarian Neoplasms	Ab-drug conjugates	Humans	tumor cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	33243933	We have generated a novel and exquisitely tumor-restricted mAb, PODO447, that recognizes a glycoepitope on Podxl expressed at high levels by a variety of tumors including the majority of life-threatening high-grade serous ovarian tumors.
core fucosylated glycans	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	hepatocellular cancer	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms		Humans	HepG2 cells	Hep G2 Cells	32367479	Cephalosporium curvulum lectin (CSL), a lectin from pathogenic fungus has exquisite specificity towards α1-6 linkage of core fucosylated glycans, expressed in hepatocellular and pancreatic cancer.
core fucosylated glycans	acquisition of structure							diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Humans	PANC-1 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	32367479	Cephalosporium curvulum lectin (CSL), a lectin from pathogenic fungus has exquisite specificity towards α1-6 linkage of core fucosylated glycans, expressed in hepatocellular and pancreatic cancer.
alpha-2,3-linked sialic acids	undetermined								gastritis	Helicobacter Infections		Humans			8981092	Helicobacter pylori is a human pathogen associated with gastritis and peptic ulcer.
alpha-2,3-linked sialic acids	undetermined								peptic ulcer	Helicobacter Infections		Humans			8981092	Helicobacter pylori is a human pathogen associated with gastritis and peptic ulcer.
sG1	unaltered level	HLA-G		HLA Antigens|HLA-G Antigens|Histocompatibility Antigens Class I				risk	semiallogeneic pregnancy			Humans	placenta	Placenta	14634138	Collectively, the studies indicate that: 1) both sG1 and m/sG2 are produced in placentas; 2) transcription and translation are linked for sG1, but not G2; 3) expression of G2 is exclusively associated with the invasive phenotype; and 4) the two isoforms of sG may promote semiallogeneic pregnancy by reducing expression of CD8, a molecule required for functional activation of CTL.
m/sG2	unaltered level	HLA-G		HLA Antigens|HLA-G Antigens|Histocompatibility Antigens Class I				risk	semiallogeneic pregnancy			Humans	placenta	Placenta	14634138	Collectively, the studies indicate that: 1) both sG1 and m/sG2 are produced in placentas; 2) transcription and translation are linked for sG1, but not G2; 3) expression of G2 is exclusively associated with the invasive phenotype; and 4) the two isoforms of sG may promote semiallogeneic pregnancy by reducing expression of CD8, a molecule required for functional activation of CTL.
glycans	altered level	glycoprotein E2, Hepatitis C virus		glycoprotein E2, Hepatitis C virus					HCV infection		vaccine	Humans	eukaryotic cells	Humans	10623732	Identification of the biologically active forms of E2 will assist in the future design of vaccines to protect against HCV infection.
glycan-dependent association	altered level	CD1d		Antigens, CD1d|CD1D protein, human|Cd1d1 protein, mouse					CRT-deficiency			mouse	CRT-deficient cells	Cell Line	20861015	Initial folding of the heavy chain involves its glycan-dependent association with calreticulin (CRT), calnexin (CNX), and the thiol oxidoreductase ERp57, and is followed by assembly with β(2)m to form the heterodimer.
phosphorylated galectin-3	increased ratio	galectin-3		Galectin 3	c-Abl		Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-abl	prognostic	prostate cancer		novel therapeutic target	Humans	prostate cells		22232548	In addition, the ratio of phosphorylated/dephosphorylated galectin-3 might be used as a complementary value to that of PSA for prognosis of prostate cancer and a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of prostate cancer.
glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI)	loss of structure	CD59		CD59 Antigens					Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria	Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal	retroviral gene therapy	Humans	B cells	B-Lymphocytes	7522635	Specifically, somatic mutations in the phosphatidylinositol glycan class A gene result in the ability of blood cells to anchor complement-regulatory proteins (CD59 and DAF) to the cell surface via glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI).
galectin-1	increased level			Galectin 1				diagnostic|monitoring|predictive|prognostic|response	high-grade glioma	Glioma	surgical resection	human	serum		23824536	Galectin-1 serum levels were analyzed in a prospective dataset of 43 healthy controls and 125 patients with newly diagnosed or recurrent HGG.
glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)	loss of structure			Glycosylphosphatidylinositols					paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria	Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal		Humans	blood cells		11530804	Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) results from somatic mutations of the X-linked PIG-A (phosphatidylinositol glycan-class A) gene, which occurs on a hematopoietic stem cell level, leading to a proportion of blood cells being deficient in all glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored surface proteins.
carrageenan	increased level	calreticulin		Calreticulin				diagnostic	rheumatoid arthritis	Arthritis, Rheumatoid		human	serum		20855873	Soluble CRT can be detected in the sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus, but not in healthy subjects.
alginic acids	increased level	calreticulin		Calreticulin				diagnostic	systemic lupus erythematosus	Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic		human	serum		20855873	Soluble CRT can be detected in the sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus, but not in healthy subjects.
hyaluronic acids	increased level	calreticulin		Calreticulin				diagnostic	autoimmune diseases	Autoimmunity		human	serum		20855873	We argue that CRT, either on the membrane surface of cells or in soluble form, is a potent stimulatory molecule to B cells and macrophages via the TLR-4/CD14 pathway and plays important roles in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.
C2-O-sLex	increased level				core 2 beta1,6 N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase	C2GnT1	N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases	diagnostic|predictive	colorectal adenocarcinomas	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	colorectal tissues	Colon	19267921	C2-O-sLex, detected by the CHO-131 mAb, is a tumor associated antigen whose expression is highly upregulated in colorectal adenocarcinomas and metastatic liver tumors compared to normal tissues.
C2-O-sLex	increased level				core 2 beta1,6 N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase	C2GnT1	N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases	diagnostic|predictive	metastatic liver tumors	Liver Neoplasms		human	liver tissues	Liver	19267921	C2-O-sLex, detected by the CHO-131 mAb, is a tumor associated antigen whose expression is highly upregulated in colorectal adenocarcinomas and metastatic liver tumors compared to normal tissues.
Thomsen-Friedenreich alpha-linked antigen	unaltered level							diagnostic	mammary adenocarcinoma	Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental		mouse	4T1 cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	17890096	In this report, 124 I-labeled mAb JAA-F11 specific for alpha-linked TF-Ag showed higher tumor specificity in in vivo micro-positron emission tomography (micro-PET) of the mouse mammary adenocarcinoma line, 4T1, showing no preferential uptake by the kidney.
sialyl Lewis X	increased level	transferrin		Transferrin	fucosyltransferase-3		Fucosyltransferases		erythroleukemia			human	K562 cells	Cell Line	16842926	High sLeX-expressing erythroleukemia-derived K562 cells isolated from fucosyltransferase-3-transfected cells were 2.5-fold more susceptible than wild-type K562 cells to KHYG cells.
N-acetyl glucosamine residues	increased level	GlycA		Glycoproteins				risk	cardiovascular disease	Cardiovascular Diseases		Humans	plasma		26951635	Circulating glycoprotein N-acetyl glucosamine residues have recently been associated with incident cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus.
N-acetyl glucosamine residues	increased level	GlycA		Glycoproteins				risk	diabetes mellitus			Humans	plasma		26951635	Circulating glycoprotein N-acetyl glucosamine residues have recently been associated with incident cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus.
N-acetyl methyl groups	increased level	GlycA		Glycoproteins				risk	all-cause mortality	Mortality		Humans	plasma		26951635	Among initially healthy individuals, elevated baseline circulating glycoprotein N-acetyl methyl groups were associated with longitudinal risk of all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality.
N-acetyl methyl groups	increased level	GlycA		Glycoproteins				risk	cardiovascular mortality	Cardiovascular Diseases		Humans	plasma		26951635	Among initially healthy individuals, elevated baseline circulating glycoprotein N-acetyl methyl groups were associated with longitudinal risk of all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality.
N-acetyl methyl groups	increased level	GlycA		Glycoproteins				risk	cancer mortality	Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		26951635	Among initially healthy individuals, elevated baseline circulating glycoprotein N-acetyl methyl groups were associated with longitudinal risk of all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality.
α-galactopyranosyl (α-Gal) epitopes	acquisition of structure	bovine serum albumin (BSA)		Glycoproteins	α1,3-galactosyltransferase		Galactosyltransferases	response	cutaneous leishmaniasis	Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous	vaccine	mice	footpad		29069089	We observed that Galα(1,6)Galβ-BSA (NGP5B), but not Galα(1,4)Galβ-BSA (NGP12B) or Galα(1,3)Galα-BSA (NGP17B), was able to significantly reduce the size of footpad lesions by 96% in comparison to control groups.
β1,6GlcNAc-branched N-linked glycans	increased level				β1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V	MGAT5	N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases|N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferases	prognostic	clear-cell renal cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Renal Cell	nephrectomy	Humans	tumor	Biomarkers, Tumor	25630622	High MGAT5 expression indicated poor survival (P < 0.001 in training set and P < 0.001 in validation set) and early recurrence (P < 0.001 in training set and P = 0.004 in validation set) of patients with ccRCC.
Lewis(x)	acquisition of structure								Schistosomiasis	Schistosomiasis mansoni		Schistosoma mansoni	gut|tegument of adult worms|egg shells|oral sucker of cercariae		10814702	Lewis(x)epitopes were mainly found in the gut and on the tegument of adult worms, on egg shells, and on the oral sucker of cercariae.
LacdiNAc	acquisition of structure								Schistosomiasis	Schistosomiasis mansoni		Schistosoma mansoni	tegument of adult worms|miracidia|oral sucker of cercariae		10814702	The LacdiNAc epitope was expressed on the tegument of adult worms, on miracidia, and on the oral sucker of cercariae.
LDN-DF	acquisition of structure								Schistosomiasis	Schistosomiasis mansoni		Schistosoma mansoni	excretory system of adult worms|miracidia|whole cercariae		10814702	In contrast, LDN-DF epitopes were mainly present in the excretory system of adult worms, on miracidia and on whole cercariae.
glycan-containing ligands	undetermined	Charcot-Leyden crystal protein/galectin-10		Galectins					allergic diseases	Hypersensitivity		Humans	eosinophils	Eosinophils	31982451	CLC/Gal-10 forms the distinctive hexagonal bipyramidal crystals that are considered hallmarks of eosinophil participation in allergic responses and related inflammatory reactions; however, the glycan-containing ligands of CLC/Gal-10, its cellular function(s), and its role(s) in allergic diseases are unknown.
glycan shield	altered level	HIV Envelope Protein gp160		HIV Envelope Protein gp160				response	HIV-1	HIV-1		Rabbits			29902444	Immunization of rabbits with locked trimers from two different clades elicited neutralizing antibodies against tier-2 viruses with a repaired glycan shield regardless of treatment with a functional CD4 mimic.
fucosylated N-glycans	altered level				FUT4		FUT4 protein, human	response	multidrug resistance	Drug Resistance, Multiple|Drug Resistance, Neoplasm		human	hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Cell Line	24232099	Further analysis of the expressional profiles of the FUT family in three pairs of parental and chemoresistant human HCC cell lines showed that FUT4, FUT6 and FUT8 were predominant expressed in MDR cell lines.
fucosylated N-glycans	altered level				FUT6		FUT6 protein, human	response	multidrug resistance	Drug Resistance, Multiple|Drug Resistance, Neoplasm		human	hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Cell Line	24232099	Further analysis of the expressional profiles of the FUT family in three pairs of parental and chemoresistant human HCC cell lines showed that FUT4, FUT6 and FUT8 were predominant expressed in MDR cell lines.
fucosylated N-glycans	altered level				FUT8		Glycoprotein 6-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase	response	multidrug resistance	Drug Resistance, Multiple|Drug Resistance, Neoplasm		human	hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Cell Line	24232099	Further analysis of the expressional profiles of the FUT family in three pairs of parental and chemoresistant human HCC cell lines showed that FUT4, FUT6 and FUT8 were predominant expressed in MDR cell lines.
O-linked oligosaccharides	unaltered level	gp 120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120				response	HIV infection	HIV-1			CD4+ cells	Cell Line	1381907	Although antibodies against short-chain O-linked glycans neutralize HIV infection and block syncytium formation in vitro.
Tn antigen	increased level							diagnostic	leukemia	Leukemia	photochemotherapy	Humans	Jurkat leukemia cells	Jurkat Cells	21858067	The conjugation allowed a quick uptake of PS by Tn-positive Jurkat leukemia cells and efficient PS-induced phototoxicity.
Tn antigen	increased level							diagnostic	acute lymphoid leukemia	Leukemia	photochemotherapy	Humans	primary acute lymphoid leukemia cells		21858067	The conjugate was effective against various leukemic cell lines with distinct phenotypes, as well as fresh human primary acute and chronic lymphoid leukemia cells.
Tn antigen	increased level							diagnostic	chronic lymphoid leukemia	Leukemia	photochemotherapy	Humans	primary chronic lymphoid leukemia cells		21858067	The conjugate was effective against various leukemic cell lines with distinct phenotypes, as well as fresh human primary acute and chronic lymphoid leukemia cells.
NeuAc alpha 2-3Gal in N- and O-glycans	undetermined	sialoadhesin		SIGLEC1 protein, human|Siglec1 protein, mouse					granulocytic lineage			mouse	macrophage	Mice	8621587	Sialoadhesin is a murine macrophage-restricted cell-surface molecule with 17 extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains that recognizes NeuAc alpha 2-3Gal in N- and O-glycans and interacts preferentially with cells of the granulocytic lineage.
sialofucosylated glycan	increased level	Carcinoembryonic Antigen		Carcinoembryonic Antigen				prognostic	Colonic Neoplasms	Colonic Neoplasms		Humans	LS174T colon carcinoma cells	Cell Line, Tumor	18375392	The novel finding that CEA is an E- and L-selectin ligand may explain the enhanced metastatic potential associated with tumor cell CEA overexpression and the supportive role of selectins in metastasis.
core-fucosylated haptoglobin	increased level	haptoglobin		HP protein, human|Haptoglobins				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	serum		25861849	We developed a lectin-antibody ELISA kit using PhoSL to determine core-Fuc-Hpt levels in sera from colorectal or pancreatic cancer patients.
fucosylated haptoglobin	increased level	haptoglobin		HP protein, human|Haptoglobins				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		human	serum		25861849	Serum levels of AAL-reactive Hpt are higher in pancreatic cancer patients, whereas those of PhoSL-reactive Hpt are higher in colorectal cancer patients.
core 2 branched O-glycans	increased level				Core 2 β-1, 6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-1	GCNT1	N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase	predictive|risk	prostate cancer	Prostatic Neoplasms	radical prostatectomy	Humans	prostate biopsy specimen		26768364	Core 2 β-1, 6-N-acetylglucosaminyl-transferase-1 (GCNT1) is a key enzyme that forms core 2 branched O-glycans, the expression of which is associated with aggressive potential of prostate cancer.
N-glycan	increased level				N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|alpha-1,6-mannosylglycoprotein beta 1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase	prognostic	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms		Humans	gastric cancer tissues	Stomach Neoplasms	18931531	GnT-V expression was studied immunohistochemically in gastric cancer to compare clinicopathological parameters and evaluate the role of GnT-V in the prognosis of gastric cancer.
β-D-glycan	increased level								pneumocystis pneumonia		rituximab	Humans		Humans	26950980	Based on the CT findings and a high level of β-D-glycan, the patient was diagnosed with ARDS due to pneumocystis pneumonia.
biantennary heavy chain glycans	altered level	pertuzumab		pertuzumab				diagnostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		mouse	tumor		32042334	Yet experiments in tumor-bearing humanized NSG mice revealed that 89Zr-DFO-sspertuzumab-EndoS produces higher activity concentrations in the tumor (111.8 ± 39.9 %ID/g) and lower activity concentrations in the liver and spleen (4.7 ± 0.8 %ID/g and 13.1 ± 4.0 %ID/g, respectively) than its non-site-specifically labeled cousin, a phenomenon we believe stems from the altered binding of the former to huFcγRI.
fucosylated biantennary oligosaccharides	increased level	chorionic gonadotropin alpha-subunit		Glycoprotein Hormones, alpha Subunit					choriocarcinoma	Choriocarcinoma		human	urine		9449027	In choriocarcinoma alpha-subunit, the level of fucosylated biantennary increased, offset by a parallel decrease in the predominant biantennary structure of normal pregnancy (P < 0.0001).
monoantennary oligosaccharide	increased level	chorionic gonadotropin beta-subunit		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human					choriocarcinoma	Choriocarcinoma		human	urine		9449027	The increases were: for monoantennary oligosaccharide, 4.6 to 6.8 to 11.2%; for triantennary, 13.7 to 26.7 to 51.5% and, for O-linked tetrasaccharide-core structure, 15.6 to 23.0 to 74.8%.
triantennary oligosaccharide	increased level	chorionic gonadotropin beta-subunit		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human					choriocarcinoma	Choriocarcinoma		human	urine		9449027	The increases were: for monoantennary oligosaccharide, 4.6 to 6.8 to 11.2%; for triantennary, 13.7 to 26.7 to 51.5% and, for O-linked tetrasaccharide-core structure, 15.6 to 23.0 to 74.8%.
O-linked tetrasaccharide-core structure	increased level	chorionic gonadotropin beta-subunit		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human					choriocarcinoma	Choriocarcinoma		human	urine		9449027	The increases were: for monoantennary oligosaccharide, 4.6 to 6.8 to 11.2%; for triantennary, 13.7 to 26.7 to 51.5% and, for O-linked tetrasaccharide-core structure, 15.6 to 23.0 to 74.8%.
biantennary oligosaccharide	unaltered level	chorionic gonadotropin beta-subunit		Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human					diabetic pregnancy	Pregnancy in Diabetics		human	urine		9449027	For hCG from individual diabetic pregnancy, the principal N-linked structure (34.7%) was consistent with a biantennary oligosaccharide previously reported only in carcinoma; and sialylation of both N- and O-linked antennae was significantly decreased compared to that of normal pregnancy.
sialosides	altered level	spike glycoprotein		Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus|spike glycoprotein, SARS-CoV					COVID-19	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus|SARS-CoV-2		human	host cells		32825063	Comparative binding analysis with host sialosides revealed conformational flexibility of SARS-CoV-2 divergent loop regions to accommodate diverse glycan-rich sialosides.
glycosyl phosphatidylinositol (GPI)	loss of structure	CD55|CD59		Membrane Proteins|Membrane Proteins				diagnostic|predictive	oesophageal adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma|Esophageal Neoplasms	Chemotherapy	Humans	erythrocytes	Erythrocytes	30914682	OAC patients had a three-fold increase in erythrocyte mutant frequency (EMF) compared to GORD patients (p < 0.001) and healthy volunteers (p < 0.001).
sialic acids	altered level	HIV-1 gp120		gp120 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1				risk	HIV infection	HIV Infections		Humans	macrophages	Macrophages	21931755	Our study showed that sialic acids on the viral envelope facilitated HIV-1 infection of macrophages through interacting with Siglec receptors, and the expression of Siglec-1 correlated with viral sialic acid-mediated host attachment.
sialyl-Lewis x	loss of structure	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1		P-selectin ligand protein	alpha1,3-fucosyltransferase				human granulocytic anaplasmosis	Ehrlichiosis		Humans	myeloid cells	Myeloid Cells	17893131	Bacterial recognition of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) and the alpha2,3-sialylated- and alpha1,3-fucosylated-moiety sialyl-Lewis x (sLe(x)), which modifies the PSGL-1 N terminus, is important for adhesion to and invasion of myeloid cells.
sialic acid	loss of structure	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1		P-selectin ligand protein					human granulocytic anaplasmosis	Ehrlichiosis		Humans	myeloid cells	Myeloid Cells	17893131	HL-60 A2 cell surfaces, therefore, not only lack sLe(x) but also are virtually devoid of any other sialic acid- and/or alpha1,3-fucose-modified glycan.
alpha1,3-fucose	loss of structure	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1		P-selectin ligand protein	alpha1,3-fucosyltransferase				human granulocytic anaplasmosis	Ehrlichiosis		Humans	myeloid cells	Myeloid Cells	17893131	HL-60 A2 cell surfaces, therefore, not only lack sLe(x) but also are virtually devoid of any other sialic acid- and/or alpha1,3-fucose-modified glycan.
glycan shield	undetermined	gp120							HIV Infections	HIV Infections		Humans	sera		17409160	The most likely epitope recognized by the monomeric gp120 binding neutralizing fraction is the CD4 binding site, although other epitopes, such as the glycan shield, cannot be excluded.
sialyl Lewis x	acquisition of structure				alpha1-3-fucosyltransferase		Fucosyltransferases|galactoside 3-fucosyltransferase		myeloid leukocytes	Myeloid Cells		Mice	myeloid leukocytes	Myeloid Cells	12393554	These data suggest that murine myeloid leukocytes fucosylate only a few specific glycans, which interact preferentially with P- and E-selectin.
Le glycans	acquisition of structure	Mac-2-binding protein		Membrane Glycoproteins				diagnostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	colorectal carcinoma cells		21515679	Importantly, Mac-2BP was detected as a predominant DC-SIGN ligand expressed on some primary colorectal cancer tissues from certain parts of patients in comparison with CEA from other parts, suggesting that DC-SIGN-binding Mac-2BP bearing tumor-associated Le glycans may become a novel potential colorectal cancer biomarker for some patients instead of CEA.
mucin O-glycans	unaltered level	MUC2 protein, human|Mucin-2		MUC2 protein, human|Mucin-2				prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colonic Neoplasms		human	colonic crypt base cells	Intestinal Mucosa	9505887	Of one crypt base cell specific antibody (5E9), the reactive epitope appeared to be a non-terminal carbohydrate in the mucin O-glycans of the colon.
mucin associated maturation epitope	unaltered level	MUC2 protein, human|Mucin-2		MUC2 protein, human|Mucin-2				prognostic	Dukes' stage B3 colorectal carcinoma	Colonic Neoplasms		human	colonic crypt base cells	Intestinal Mucosa	9505887	A mucin associated maturation epitope was identified in colonic crypt base cells, the expression of which in Dukes' stage B3 colorectal carcinoma may be associated with poor prognosis.
complex-type N-linked glycans	altered level	CD7		Antigens, CD7					apoptosis	Apoptosis		Humans	T cells	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes|CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	19683346	We demonstrate that GdA selectively recognizes complex-type N-linked glycans on T cell surface glycoproteins, and propose that the galectin-1 glycoprotein receptor CD7 maybe a novel target for GdA on T cells.
cell surface glycan	altered level				ST6Gal-1		Sialyltransferases|beta-D-Galactoside alpha 2-6-Sialyltransferase	response	acute inflammation		therapeutic administration of recombinant, bioactive ST6Gal-1 (rST6G)	murine	lung		30778346	Here, we show that therapeutic administration of recombinant, bioactive ST6Gal-1 (rST6G) mitigates acute inflammation in a murine model mimicking acute exacerbations experienced by patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
glycosylated eosinophil-derived neurotoxin	increased level	eosinophil-derived neurotoxin		Eosinophil-Derived Neurotoxin				diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	urine		16428483	A glycosylated form of EDN was specifically elevated in ovarian cancer patients.
glycosylated osteopontin fragments	increased level	osteopontin	SPP1	SPP1 protein, human|Osteopontin				diagnostic	ovarian cancer	Ovarian Neoplasms		human	urine		16428483	A cluster of COOH-terminal osteopontin was identified from two-dimensional gels of urine from cancer patients.
V2-glycan	increased level								HIV-1 infection	HIV Infections|HIV-1		Humans	plasma		27668936	Neutralization fingerprint analysis, which was used to delineate plasma specificity, identified strong virus subtype dependencies, with higher frequencies of CD4-binding-site bnAbs in infection with subtype B viruses (P = 0.02) and higher frequencies of V2-glycan-specific bnAbs in infection with non-subtype B viruses (P = 1 × 10<sup>-5</sup>).
glycan-dependent epitopes	undetermined	HIV-1 glycoproteins		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|gp120 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1					human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection	HIV Infections|HIV-1		Humans	serum		19922969	The outer domain epitopes include glycan-dependent epitopes (2 subjects), conserved nonlinear epitope in the V3 region (2 subjects), and a CD4BS epitope composed mainly of the elements in the outer domain (1 subject).
Lewis x (Lex)	acquisition of structure								Schistosomiasis	Schistosomiasis		Schistosoma haematobium|Schistosoma japonicum	Glycoproteins	Glycoproteins	9592128	Several high molecular weight glycoproteins in both S. haematobium and S. japonicum contain the Lexantigen, but no sialyl Lexantigen was detected.
sialyl Lewis x (sLex)	loss of structure								Schistosomiasis	Schistosomiasis		Schistosoma haematobium|Schistosoma japonicum	Glycoproteins	Glycoproteins	9592128	Several high molecular weight glycoproteins in both S. haematobium and S. japonicum contain the Lexantigen, but no sialyl Lexantigen was detected.
polysialic acid	unaltered level	NCAM	Ncam1	CD56 Antigen|Ncam1 protein, mouse|Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1|polysialyl neural cell adhesion molecule	ST8SIA2|ST8SIA4	St8sia2|St8sia4	CMP-N-acetylneuraminate-poly-alpha-2,8-sialosyl sialyltransferase|Sialyltransferases|ST8SiaIV protein, mouse	response	demyelinating diseases	Demyelinating Diseases	cuprizone treatment	mouse	oligodendrocyte precursors	Oligodendroglia	28760868	Polysialic acid is a glycan modification of the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) produced by the polysialyltransferases ST8SIA2 and ST8SIA4.
polysialic acid	unaltered level	NCAM	Ncam1	CD56 Antigen|Ncam1 protein, mouse|Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1|polysialyl neural cell adhesion molecule	ST8SIA2|ST8SIA4	St8sia2|St8sia4	CMP-N-acetylneuraminate-poly-alpha-2,8-sialosyl sialyltransferase|Sialyltransferases|ST8SiaIV protein, mouse		multiple sclerosis			mouse	oligodendrocyte precursors	Oligodendroglia	28760868	Polysialic acid has been detected in multiple sclerosis plaques, but its beneficial or adverse role in remyelination is elusive.
Glycan metabolic signalling	undetermined							prognostic	HER2+:ERα- breast cancer			Humans	tumor initiating cells	Neoplastic Stem Cells	28632792	We show that three major biological pathways: cell proliferation, immune response, and cell migration, drive the prognostic power of HTICS, which is further tuned by Homeostatic and Glycan metabolic signalling.
S121 epitope	increased level	mucin 5AC		Mucin 5AC				diagnostic|prognostic	cholangiocarcinoma	Cholangiocarcinoma	tumor removal	human	serum		21287531	The level of serum S121 from patients with CCA was reduced significantly after tumor removal, indicating the tumor origin of this antigen.
Lewis X	altered level				Fut9		Fucosyltransferases|galactoside 3-fucosyltransferase		neural stem cell maintenance			mouse	embryonic brain	Embryo, Mammalian	23986452	We found that the number of NSCs was increased in the brain of Fut9(-/-) embryos, suggesting that Fut9-synthesized Le(X) is dispensable for the maintenance of NSCs.
Lewis X	altered level				Fut10		Fucosyltransferases|galactoside 3-fucosyltransferase		neural stem cell maintenance			mouse	embryonic brain	Embryo, Mammalian	23986452	Overexpression of Fut10 enhanced the self-renewal of NSCs.
Tn epitope	altered level							prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	cancer cells	Breast Neoplasms	7537516	The expression of complex carbohydrates recognised by Helix pomatia lectin (HPA, nominal monosaccharide binding specificity alpha-GalNAc) has been shown to predict unfavourable prognosis in breast and other cancers.
blood group A antigen	altered level							prognostic	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		Humans	cancer cells	Breast Neoplasms	7537516	The expression of complex carbohydrates recognised by Helix pomatia lectin (HPA, nominal monosaccharide binding specificity alpha-GalNAc) has been shown to predict unfavourable prognosis in breast and other cancers.
mannose	unaltered level	CBPs		Protozoan Proteins					Chagas' disease			Trypanosoma cruzi	epimastigotes and trypomastigotes		7538111	The specificity of binding of the two CBPs seems to be mediated by galactose and mannose residues.
galactose	unaltered level	CBPs		Protozoan Proteins					Chagas' disease			Trypanosoma cruzi	epimastigotes and trypomastigotes		7538111	The specificity of binding of the two CBPs seems to be mediated by galactose and mannose residues.
sialyl-Lewis(X)	unaltered level	E-selectin		E-Selectin											11744633	Selectin/mannose-binding protein chimeras created by transfer of key sequences from E-selectin into mannose-binding protein have previously been shown to bind the selectin ligand sialyl-Lewis(X) through a Ca(2+)-dependent subsite, common to many C-type lectins, and an accessory site containing positively charged amino acid residues.
sulfatide	unaltered level	E-selectin		E-Selectin											11744633	Selectin-like binding to the nonfucosylated sulfatide and sulfoglucuronyl glycolipids can also be reproduced with selectin/mannose-binding protein chimeras that contain the two subsites involved in sialyl-Lewis(X) binding.
sulfoglucuronyl glycolipids	unaltered level	E-selectin		E-Selectin											11744633	Selectin-like binding to the nonfucosylated sulfatide and sulfoglucuronyl glycolipids can also be reproduced with selectin/mannose-binding protein chimeras that contain the two subsites involved in sialyl-Lewis(X) binding.
Galbeta1,4(Fucalpha1,3)GlcNAc (Lex)	unaltered level	DC-SIGN		DC-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin					Schistosoma mansoni infection	Schistosoma mansoni		Humans	dendritic cells	Endothelial Cells	15184372	The dendritic cell-specific C-type lectin DC-SIGN functions as a pathogen receptor that recognizes Schistosoma mansoni egg antigens through its major glycan epitope Galbeta1,4(Fucalpha1,3)GlcNAc (Lex).
Lea, Leb, and Ley	unaltered level	L-SIGN		CLEC4M protein, human					Schistosoma mansoni infection	Schistosoma mansoni		Humans	liver sinusoidal endothelial cells	Endothelial Cells	15184372	L-SIGN, a highly related homologue of DC-SIGN found on liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, binds to S. mansoni egg antigens but not to the Lex epitope.
V1V2 glycan Env	unaltered level	HIV-1 Env		env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus				response	HIV-1 transmission	HIV Infections|HIV-1		Macaca mulatta	mucosal	Macaca mulatta	24990883	Despite its comparable or greater neutralization potency in vitro, the anti-CD4 antibody did not provide effective protection in vivo, whereas the HIV-1-specific mAbs VRC01, 10E8, and PG9, targeting the CD4 binding site, membrane-proximal, and V1V2 glycan Env regions, respectively, conferred complete protection, albeit at different relative potencies.
sialyl-Lewis(a)	increased level			CA-19-9 Antigen				predictive	epithelial tumors of the gastrointestinal tract		sLe(a)-KLH vaccine	Humans	epithelial tumors	Neoplasms, Experimental	21343375	The carbohydrate antigen sialyl-Lewis(a) (sLe(a)), also known as CA19.9, is widely expressed on epithelial tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and breast and on small-cell lung cancers.
sialyl-Lewis(a)	increased level			CA-19-9 Antigen				predictive	breast cancer		sLe(a)-KLH vaccine	Humans	breast tumors	Neoplasms, Experimental	21343375	The carbohydrate antigen sialyl-Lewis(a) (sLe(a)), also known as CA19.9, is widely expressed on epithelial tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and breast and on small-cell lung cancers.
sialyl-Lewis(a)	increased level			CA-19-9 Antigen				predictive	small-cell lung cancer		sLe(a)-KLH vaccine	Humans	lung tumors	Neoplasms, Experimental	21343375	The carbohydrate antigen sialyl-Lewis(a) (sLe(a)), also known as CA19.9, is widely expressed on epithelial tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and breast and on small-cell lung cancers.
glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchors	loss of structure	CD59		CD59 Antigens				diagnostic	Pig-A gene mutation		N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) treatment	rat	red blood cells	Erythrocytes	18626999	Anti-CD59 was used to detect GPI-anchored proteins on red blood cells (RBCs), and anti-CD48 was used to detect GPI-anchored proteins on spleen T-cells.
glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchors	loss of structure	CD48		CD48 Antigen				diagnostic	Pig-A gene mutation		N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) treatment	rat	spleen T-cells	T-Lymphocytes	18626999	Anti-CD59 was used to detect GPI-anchored proteins on red blood cells (RBCs), and anti-CD48 was used to detect GPI-anchored proteins on spleen T-cells.
fucosylated glycans	loss of structure					SLC35C1			Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 2	Leukocyte-Adhesion Deficiency Syndrome		Humans	cell surface		33391282	LAD type 2 (LAD2) is caused by mutations in the SLC35C1 gene leading to a generalized loss of expression of fucosylated glycans on the cell surface.
mannosides	unaltered level	Langerin		CD207 protein, human					malignancies	Neoplasms		human	epithelial cells	Epidermal Cells	12588002	Remarkably, access to the carbohydrate recognition domain of Langerin appeared to be impaired in proliferatively active environments (malignancies, hair follicles), indicating presence of an endogenous ligand with high affinity to saturate the C-type lectin under these conditions.
oligosaccharides	undetermined	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					human immunodeficiency virus, type 1			Humans	cell lines	Humans	14970226	Disaccharide competitors and glycan chip analysis showed that DC-SIGN has a preference for oligosaccharides linked in an alpha-anomeric configuration.
Tn antigen	acquisition of structure			Tn antigen	Cosmc		Molecular Chaperones	risk	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	CRC cells	Humans	30637914	Here we investigated the effects of Core 1 β3Gal-T specific molecular chaperone (Cosmc) deletion-mediated Tn antigen exposure on CRC metastasis and its underlying mechanism.
N276-glycan	unaltered level	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV Infections	HIV Infections	AIDS Vaccines	Humans			31315032	This longitudinal study of broadly neutralizing VRC01-class antibody lineage reveals early binding to the N276-glycan during affinity maturation, which may have implications for vaccine design.
mannose	increased level	trastuzumab-dkst		Trastuzumab					breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		cynomolgus monkeys			34289749	Twelve of 13 glycan species were highly similar, with slightly higher total mannose levels in trastuzumab-dkst.
glycan	altered level								secondary plasma cell leukemia	Leukemia, Plasma Cell		Humans	plasma cells	Tumor Cells, Cultured	28038447	Gene ontology analysis indicated a metabolic shift towards aerobic glycolysis in sPCL as well as marked down-regulation of enzymes involved in glycan synthesis, potentially mediating altered glycosylation of surface receptors.
sialic acid addition to glycan side chains of Ii	undetermined	invariant chain		invariant chain								Humans	lymphoblastoid cell line 174 x CEM.T2 (T2) and its class II-positive parental cell line 174 x CEM.T1 (T1)	Cell Line	7750992	We found a similar proportion of Ii being transported to the Golgi complex in T1 and T2, as monitored by the degree of sialic acid addition to glycan side chains of Ii.
sialylated glycans	altered level	MUC1		Mucin-1				prognostic	ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell|Ovarian Neoplasms		Humans	ovarian clear cell carcinoma cells	Ovarian Neoplasms	17711507	A monoclonal antibody (mAb) MY.1E12 was applied to detect MUC1 with sialylated glycans in a total of 55 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded surgical specimens of ovarian clear cell adenocarcinomas.
Galectin-1	increased level			Galectin 1				diagnostic	classical Hodgkin lymphoma	Hodgkin Disease		Humans	Reed-Sternberg cells	Reed-Sternberg Cells	18519761	Gal1 is selectively expressed by malignant Reed-Sternberg cells in >90% of primary cHLs, and Gal1 expression is concordant with the activated AP1 component, c-Jun.
Galectin-1	increased level			Galectin 1				diagnostic	anaplastic large cell lymphoma	Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic		Humans	Reed-Sternberg cells	Reed-Sternberg Cells	18519761	However, anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), consistently expresses both Gal1 and its transcriptional regulator, c-Jun.
galectin-1	decreased level			Galectin 1				response	Graft Rejection	Graft Rejection	Cyclosporine A	Rats	uterine grafts	Uterus	22502817	The mRNA levels of galectin-1 were decreased in the rejected uteri and were higher in the CsA-treated.
galectin-1	increased level			Galectin 1				response	Graft Rejection	Graft Rejection	Cyclosporine A	Rats	uterine grafts	Uterus	22502817	The mRNA levels of galectin-1 were decreased in the rejected uteri and were higher in the CsA-treated.
sialyl-Lewis X/A	increased level				α-1,3/4-fucosyltransferases		Fucosyltransferases	risk	invasive ductal carcinoma	Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast		human	breast cancer tissue	Breast Neoplasms	29215790	Breast cancer tissue overexpresses fucosylated glycans, such as sialyl-Lewis X/A (sLeX/A), and α-1,3/4-fucosyltransferases (FUTs) in relation to increased disease progression and metastasis.
sialyl-Lewis X/A	decreased level				α-1,3/4-fucosyltransferases		Fucosyltransferases	response	invasive ductal carcinoma	Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast	2-fluorofucose (2-FF)	human	CF1_T cell line	Cell Line, Tumor	29215790	Treatment with 2-fluorofucose (2-FF), a fucosylation inhibitor, completely abrogated its sLeX/A expression and dramatically reduced adherence of CF1_T cells to E-selectin under hemodynamic flow conditions.
N-glycans	loss of structure	anti-PD1 IgG4 monoclonal antibody		Antibodies, Monoclonal				response	cancer		immunotherapy	Nicotiana benthamiana	leaves	Nicotiana	31645587	Our results showed that both antibodies have similar protein structures, and the N-glycans on the plant-produced antibody lacks plant-specific structures.
core 2 branching structure on O-glycans	increased level				core 2 β1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyl transferase 1 (C2GnT1)		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase	prognostic	endometrial carcinoma	Carcinoma, Endometrioid|Endometrial Neoplasms		Humans	endometrium		23617619	The expression of C2GnT1 was significantly higher in endometrial carcinoma (PI = 8.31 ± 15.29) than in normal endometrium (PI = 0.52 ± 1.24) (P < 0.0005).
GalNAc-containing oligosaccharides	increased level	T200 glycoproteins		Membrane Proteins					cytolytic activity	Cytotoxicity, Immunologic	IL 2	rat	T cell hybridoma	Hybridomas	2418106	Binding experiments using lectins indicated that an increase in GalNAc-containing oligosaccharides also occurred on activation of the hybrid.
N-glycans	unaltered level								Candidiasis	Candidiasis		Mice	spleen cells		26901413	ArtinM is a D-mannose-binding lectin extracted from the seeds of Artocarpus heterophyllus that interacts with TLR2 N-glycans and activates antigen-presenting cells (APCs), as manifested by IL-12 production.
mannosylated lipoarabinomannan	altered level	DC-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin		DC-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin					impaired dendritic cell maturation			Humans	Dendritic Cells	Dendritic Cells	22014390	Surface molecules were dramatically down-regulated in DCs primed with manLAM but not in mock control DCs (P<0.05).
glycan moieties	altered level								HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans|Camelids, New World	T cells|macrophages	T-Lymphocytes|Macrophages	25700025	We found that three CD4 binding site antibodies, one from an immunised llama (J3) and two isolated from HIV-1-positive patients (VRC01 and HJ16) neutralised cell-cell spread between T cells, while antibodies specific for glycan moieties (2G12, PG9, PG16) and the MPER (2F5) displayed variable efficacy.
N-acetylhexosamine-sialic acid	loss of structure	transferrin receptor protein 1		Receptors, Transferrin	ST6GALNACIII		Neu5Ac N-acetylgalactosamine 2,6-sialyltransferase		non-small cell lung cancer	Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung|Lung Neoplasms		Humans	A549 cells	Cell Line, Tumor	34461439	Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry revealed that two glycopeptides of transferrin receptor protein 1 (TFR1) containing N-acetylhexosamine-sialic acid were not detected in ST6GALNACIII-depleted A549 cells compared with control cells.
sialyl-Lewis(x) tetrasaccharide	loss of structure	C1 inhibitor		Complement C1 Inactivator Proteins				response	inflammatory diseases		plasma C1INH	Humans|Mice	leukocyte	Leukocytes	15879149	We have shown that C1INH expresses the sialyl-Lewis(x) tetrasaccharide on its N-linked glycan, via which it binds to E- and P-selectins and interferes with leukocyte-endothelial adhesion in vitro.
glycans	unaltered level	DC-SIGN		DC-specific ICAM-3 grabbing nonintegrin				response	cancer		anti-cancer vaccination	human	dendritic cells	Humans	29963041	DC-SIGN is an antigen uptake receptor expressed on dendritic cells (DCs) with specificity for glycans present on a broad variety of pathogens and is capable of directing its cargo to MHC-I and MHC-II pathways for the induction of CD8+ and CD4+ T cell responses, respectively.
N-linked glycan	loss of structure	Endolyn		Endolyn					Hematopoietic stem cell/hematopoietic progenitor cell homing			Human	umbilical cord blood CD133+ cells	Fetal Blood	17077324	The class II 103B2 monoclonal antibody, which binds the CD164 N-linked glycan-dependent epitope or CD164 knockdown by RNA interference, significantly inhibits the migration of CD133+ HPCs toward CXCL12 in vitro.
N-glycans	altered level				β1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V	Mgat5	N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|alpha-1,6-mannosylglycoprotein beta 1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase	prognostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular|Liver Neoplasms	hepatectomy	Humans	tumor tissues	Neoplasm Recurrence, Local	26056329	High Mgat5 expression indicated poor survival (P < 0.001 in the training cohort and P < 0.001 in the validation cohort) and recurrence (P < 0.001 in both cohorts, respectively) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, particularly with early-stage disease.
glycans located in the V1/V2, V3 and V4 regions	undetermined	HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|HIV Envelope Protein gp120|HIV Envelope Protein gp120				response	Simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) infection	Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome|Simian Immunodeficiency Virus	anti-HIV-1 monoclonal antibody therapy	macaques	plasma	Viral Load|Viremia	24172896	These neutralizing antibodies target different regions of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein including the CD4-binding site, glycans located in the V1/V2, V3 and V4 regions, and the membrane proximal external region of gp41 (refs 9-14).
Gal beta 1,4[Fuc alpha 1,3] GlcNAc beta 1,4GlcNAc	acquisition of structure	zona pellucida glycoprotein 3		Zona Pellucida Glycoproteins|Zp3 protein, mouse					fertilization			mouse	sperm	Spermatozoa	9442021	The addition of an alpha 3-fucosyl residue to each of these two competitive inhibitors, forming Gal beta 1,4[Fuc alpha 1,3] GlcNAc beta 1,4GlcNAc or Gal alpha 1,3Gal beta 1, 4[Fuc alpha 1,3]Glc NAc, resulted in ligands with 85- and 12-fold higher affinities for sperm, respectively (ED50 = 500 and 430 nM).
Gal alpha 1,3Gal beta 1,4[Fuc alpha 1,3]Glc NAc	acquisition of structure	zona pellucida glycoprotein 3		Zona Pellucida Glycoproteins|Zp3 protein, mouse					fertilization			mouse	sperm	Spermatozoa	9442021	The addition of an alpha 3-fucosyl residue to each of these two competitive inhibitors, forming Gal beta 1,4[Fuc alpha 1,3] GlcNAc beta 1,4GlcNAc or Gal alpha 1,3Gal beta 1, 4[Fuc alpha 1,3]Glc NAc, resulted in ligands with 85- and 12-fold higher affinities for sperm, respectively (ED50 = 500 and 430 nM).
glycan-dependent HIV-1 bNAbs	increased level								HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	serum		29558468	Anti-MPER antibodies were detected in 6/12 LTNPs (50%) and 14/33 TPs (42%) whereas glycan-dependent HIV-1 bNAbs were more frequent in LTNPs (11/12, 92%) as compared to TPs (12/33, 36%).
mannosyl/N-acetylglucosaminyl derivatives	altered level	gp120/160 (Env)		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|HIV Envelope Protein gp160					HIV-1 infection	HIV-1		Humans	macrophages	Macrophages	9455924	We previously demonstrated that gp120/160 (Env) of HIV-1 interact in a carbohydrate-specific manner with mannosyl/N-acetylglucosaminyl derivatives and that HIV-1LAI infection of monocytic U937 and lymphoid CEM cells was inhibited by CD4-free Concanavalin A-reactive glycopeptides from U937 cells.
mannan	altered level	gp120/160 (Env)		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|HIV Envelope Protein gp160					HIV-1 infection	HIV-1		Humans	macrophages	Macrophages	9455924	We report here that the natural glycoproteins bovine fetuin and asialofetuin, human orosomucoid and alpha-fetoprotein, and mannan, which all specifically interact with Env, inhibited infection of primary macrophages by macrophage-tropic HIV-1 strains, whereas dextran had no such effect.
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)	loss of structure	CD90.2		Thy-1 Antigens				diagnostic	Pig-a gene mutation			Mouse	L5178Y/Tk+/- cells	Cell Line, Tumor	29115020	Lack of cell surface glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein(s) has been used as a reporter of Pig-a gene mutation in several model systems.
Gal-GalNAc	acquisition of structure								cryptosporidiosis	Cryptosporidiosis		Cryptosporidium parvum|Cryptosporidium hominis	Sporozoite	Sporozoites	26432292	Cryptosporidium parvum and C. hominis trophozoite development also was triggered by Gal-GalNAc in a concentration-dependent manner.
glycoprotein	acquisition of structure			Glycoproteins					cryptosporidiosis	Cryptosporidiosis		Cryptosporidium parvum	Sporozoite	Sporozoites	26432292	The effect of non-conditioned and HCT-8 conditioned RPMI-FBS on trophozoite development was abrogated by proteinase K and sodium metaperiodate pretreatment, indicating a glycoprotein trigger.
6-sulfo N-acetyllactosamine/Lewis x	acquisition of structure	CD44		Hyaluronan Receptors	N-acetylglucosamine 6-O-sulfotransferase-1		N-acetylglucosamine-6-O--sulfotransferase-4|Sulfotransferases		inflammation		TNF-alpha	human	peripheral blood monocytes	Monocytes	15728736	Here, the proinflammatory cytokine, TNF-alpha, induced the expression of 6-sulfo N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc)/Lewis x on human peripheral blood monocytes (PBM).
N332 glycan	undetermined	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1	HIV-1	passive immunotherapy	Humans	peripheral blood mononuclear cells		28332627	This is the first study to identify cross neutralizing scFv monoclonals with CD4bs and N332 glycan specificities from India.
fucosylated glycans	undetermined	peanut agglutinin		Glycoproteins					food allergy	Food Hypersensitivity		Humans	dendritic cells	Dendritic Cells	26948687	We demonstrate that peanut agglutinin, a minor peanut allergen, is a novel ligand for DC-SIGN.
galectin-receptor interactions	altered level								malaria	Malaria	alpha (α)-lactose treatment	mice	liver	Liver	34899708	Here, we analyzed the impact of blockage of galectin-receptor interactions by treatment with alpha (α)-lactose on liver immunopathology during the erythrocytic stage of malaria in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA (PbANKA).
sialic acid-containing glycans	undetermined	CD22|Siglec-F		Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 2|Siglecf protein, mouse					innate immunity	Immunity, Innate		mouse	immune cells		17562860	They are best known as regulators of cell signaling mediated by cytoplasmic tyrosine motifs and are increasingly recognized as receptors for pathogens that bear sialic acid-containing glycans.
mannose-terminating glycans	increased level	MFECP1		Recombinant Fusion Proteins				response	cancer	Neoplasms, Experimental	antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (ADEPT)	mice	liver sinusoidal endothelial cells	Liver	17000699	Immunofluorescence microscopy shows that in vivo clearance in mice occurs predominantly by MR on liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, although MR is also expressed on adjacent Kupffer cells.
mannose-terminating glycans	increased level	MFECP1		Recombinant Fusion Proteins				response	cancer	Neoplasms, Experimental	antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (ADEPT)	mice	spleen macrophages	Spleen	17000699	In the spleen, MFECP1 is taken up by MR-expressing macrophages residing in the red pulp and not by dendritic cells which are found in the marginal zone and white pulp.
V1V2 glycan site	unaltered level	HIV-1 envelope		HIV Antibodies				response	Simian-human immunodeficiency viruses	Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome	AIDS vaccine	Macaca mulatta	nonhuman primates	Macaca mulatta	28931639	We engineered trispecific antibodies (Abs) that allow a single molecule to interact with three independent HIV-1 envelope determinants: the CD4 binding site, the membrane-proximal external region (MPER), and the V1V2 glycan site.
sialyl Lewis x-containing glycan	undetermined	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1		P-selectin ligand protein					neutrophil adhesion				endothelial cell monolayers	Endothelium, Vascular	9128259	Further studies using CHO-E and -P monolayers demonstrate that the first 19 amino acids of PSGL-1 are sufficient for attachment and rolling on both E- and P-selectin and suggest that a sialyl Lewis x-containing glycan at Threonine-16 is critical for this sequence of amino acids to mediate attachment to E- and P-selectin.
sialyl Lewis X	acquisition of structure				alpha-1,3-fucosyltransferase VII|alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase		galactoside 3-fucosyltransferase|beta-Galactoside alpha-2,3-Sialyltransferase		inflammation		prevent undesirable inflammatory reactions such as rejection of organ transplants	Saccharomyces cerevisiae|Pichia pastoris	yeast cell wall	Cell Wall	15691739	Synthetic sLex oligosaccharides have been shown to inhibit adhesion of lymphocytes to endothelium at sites of inflammation.
Tn antigen	increased level				Cosmc	C1GALT1C1	C1GALT1C1 protein, human	prognostic	cancer			Human	gingival fibroblasts	Fibroblasts|Gingiva|Humans	27542280	Tn antigen (GalNAc-α-O-Ser/Thr), a mucin-type O-linked glycan, is a well-established cell surface marker for tumors and its elevated levels have been correlated with cancer progression and prognosis.
Tn antigen	increased level				Cosmc	C1GALT1C1	C1GALT1C1 protein, human		inflammation	Inflammation		Human	gingival fibroblasts	Fibroblasts|Gingiva|Humans	27542280	There are also reports that Tn is elevated in inflammatory tissues.
glycan-dependent monoclonal antibody epitopes	unaltered level	CON6 Env gp120 and gp140CF		HIV Envelope Protein gp120|gp140 envelope protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1				response	HIV-1 infection	HIV-1	DNA vaccine followed by a recombinant vaccinia virus boost	BALB/c mice	sera		15613343	Key linear, conformational, and glycan-dependent monoclonal antibody epitopes are preserved in CON6, and the glycoprotein is recognized equally well by sera from individuals infected with different HIV-1 subtypes.
HNK-1 carbohydrate	increased level							response	Peripheral nerve injury	Peripheral Nervous System Diseases	electrical stimulation	mouse	femoral nerve	Femoral Nerve	16460731	Here, we show that short-term low-frequency electrical stimulation (1 h, 20 Hz) of the lesioned and surgically repaired femoral nerve in wild-type mice causes a motor nerve-specific enhancement of HNK-1 expression correlating with previously reported acceleration of muscle reinnervation.
sialic acid	decreased level	MUC1|beta(1) integrin		Mucin-1|Integrin beta1					lysosomal storage disorders	Lysosomal Storage Diseases		Humans	HT-29 cells	HT29 Cells	12538583	The phenotype of BG-treated cells is reminiscent of that observed in lysosomal storage disorders.
sialic acid	decreased level	MUC1|beta(1) integrin		Mucin-1|Integrin beta1					sialic acid storage disease	Sialic Acid Storage Disease		Humans	HT-29 cells	HT29 Cells	12538583	The phenotype of BG-treated cells is reminiscent of that observed in lysosomal storage disorders.
α2-6-sialylation on N-glycans	increased level				ST6Gal-I	ST6GAL1	ST6GAL1 protein, human	prognostic	clear-cell renal cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Renal Cell	nephrectomy	human	tissue		25556450	High ST6Gal-I expression is a potential independent adverse predictor of survival and recurrence in ccRCC patients, and the prognostic value is most prominent in those with low and intermediate-risk disease defined by the UISS score.
heavy chain glycans	altered level	trastuzumab		Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized				diagnostic|response	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms		mouse	tumor tissue	Tissue Distribution	29356543	Both the tumor targeting and therapeutic efficacy of the 89Zr-trastuzumab-MMAE immunoconjugate were validated in vivo using a murine model of HER2-expressing breast cancer.
sialyl Lewis(x)	acquisition of structure	mucins		Mucins					cystic fibrosis	Cystic Fibrosis		human	airway mucins	Mucins	12386455	Thus all examined mucins from CF patients carry sialyl Lewis(x) on their polylactosamine antennae, whereas this type of epitope is present on only three out of the eight CB mucins examined, notably in the airways of one CB patient which were heavily infected by Pseudomonas aeruginosa as are the airways of all the CF patients.
sialyl Lewis(x)	acquisition of structure	mucins		Mucins					chronic bronchitis	Bronchitis, Chronic		human	airway mucins	Mucins	12386455	Thus all examined mucins from CF patients carry sialyl Lewis(x) on their polylactosamine antennae, whereas this type of epitope is present on only three out of the eight CB mucins examined, notably in the airways of one CB patient which were heavily infected by Pseudomonas aeruginosa as are the airways of all the CF patients.
N-glycan	undetermined							diagnostic	canine hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		canine	tumor tissue|plasma extracellular vesicles|tumor cell lines	Liver Neoplasms||Cell Line, Tumor	39202384	Bioinformatics analysis revealed that tRNA-Val may be primarily involved in DNA repair, mRNA processing, and splicing and may be linked to the N-glycan and ubiquitin-mediated proteasome pathways.
core 2 O-glycans	altered level	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1|CD43|CD45		P-selectin ligand protein|Leukosialin|Leukocyte Common Antigens	C2GlcNAcT-III		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		lymphocyte trafficking			mouse	CD8 T cells	CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	15778363	Core 2 beta1,6-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (C2GlcNAcT) synthesizes essential core 2 O-glycans on selectin ligands, which mediate cell-cell adhesion required for lymphocyte trafficking.
P-selectin ligand	altered level	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1|CD43|CD45		P-selectin ligand protein|Leukosialin|Leukocyte Common Antigens	C2GlcNAcT-III		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases		lymphocyte trafficking			mouse	CD8 T cells	CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes	15778363	We show that C2GlcNAcT-I-independent P-selectin ligand formation occurs in activated C2GlcNAcT-I(null) CD8 T cells.
Galectin-1	increased level			Galectin 1				predictive	gastric cancer	Stomach Neoplasms	angiostatic therapy	Humans	cancer-associated fibroblasts	Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts	26323258	Galectin-1, an evolutionarily conserved glycan-binding protein with angiogenic potential, was recently identified as being overexpressed in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) of gastric cancer.
N-linked glycan	altered level	UG21 gp140		gp140 envelope protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1					HIV	HIV-1		Chinese hamster	CHO cells	CHO Cells	16447052	Despite the possession of a different N-linked glycan profile, UG21 gp140 from S- media shows very similar CD4 and Mab binding characteristics to S+ UG21 gp140.
mannose-6-phosphate	altered level				Mannose-6-Phosphate Isomerase		Mannose-6-Phosphate Isomerase	predictive	cancer	Neoplasms	mannose administration	mice	tumour	Cell Line, Tumor	30464341	Finally we show that susceptibility to mannose is dependent on the levels of phosphomannose isomerase (PMI).
selectin ligand	decreased level				FT-IV		FUT4 protein, human		dermal eosinophilia			Mice	skin	Skin	16127157	FT-IV deficiency yielded a significant decrease in eosinophil recruitment to the skin.
selectin ligand	decreased level				FT-VII		FUT7 protein, human		dermal eosinophilia			Mice	skin	Skin	16127157	Likewise, deficiency of FT-VII also yielded a decrease in eosinophil recruitment.
glycan biosynthesis and metabolism	increased level							diagnostic	Alzheimer's disease	Alzheimer Disease		Humans	Feces	Feces	31063846	Moreover, the KEGG results showed the increased modules related to glycan biosynthesis and metabolism in AD and aMCI patients and decreased pathways related to immune system in AD patients.
glycan biosynthesis and metabolism	increased level							diagnostic	amnestic mild cognitive impairment	Amnesia		Humans	Feces	Feces	31063846	Moreover, the KEGG results showed the increased modules related to glycan biosynthesis and metabolism in AD and aMCI patients and decreased pathways related to immune system in AD patients.
Lactosylceramide	acquisition of structure								neutrophil dysfunction			Humans	Neutrophils	Neutrophils	18041581	D-HL-60 cells loaded with C24:0 or C24:1-LacCer acquired LacCer-mediated migrating and superoxide-generating abilities, and allowed Lyn coimmunoprecipitation by anti-LacCer antibody.
Lactosylceramide	loss of structure								neutrophil dysfunction			Humans	HL-60 Cells	HL-60 Cells	18041581	Neutrophilic differentiated HL-60 cells (D-HL-60 cells) express almost the same amount of LacCer as neutrophils.
V1V2 glycan-dependent epitopes	altered level	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120					HIV-1	HIV-1		Humans	HIV-1 virions		24884783	In contrast, bNAbs to V1V2 glycan-dependent epitopes bound preferentially (PG9 and PG16) or exclusively (PGT145) to trimers.
glycan	acquisition of structure	envelope glycoprotein		Viral Envelope Proteins					HIV-1 infection	HIV Infections|HIV-1		Humans	plasma		25631091	Initial escape mutations, including the addition of a key glycan, occurred in loop D and were associated with impaired viral replication; however, compensatory mutations restored full replicative fitness.
fucose containing structures such as blood group ABO antigens and Lewis-type epitopes	increased level	MUC5AC		Mucins				diagnostic	mucinous benign adenomas			Humans	ovarian cyst fluids	Cyst Fluid	26075384	The obtained data showed that serous and mucinous benign adenomas, mucinous low malignant potential carcinomas (LMPs, borderline) and mucinous low-grade carcinomas have a high level of blood groups and Lewis type epitopes.
fucose containing structures such as blood group ABO antigens and Lewis-type epitopes	increased level	MUC5AC		Mucins				diagnostic	mucinous low malignant potential carcinomas (LMPs, borderline)			Humans	ovarian cyst fluids	Cyst Fluid	26075384	The obtained data showed that serous and mucinous benign adenomas, mucinous low malignant potential carcinomas (LMPs, borderline) and mucinous low-grade carcinomas have a high level of blood groups and Lewis type epitopes.
fucose containing structures such as blood group ABO antigens and Lewis-type epitopes	increased level	MUC5AC		Mucins				diagnostic	mucinous low-grade carcinomas			Humans	ovarian cyst fluids	Cyst Fluid	26075384	The obtained data showed that serous and mucinous benign adenomas, mucinous low malignant potential carcinomas (LMPs, borderline) and mucinous low-grade carcinomas have a high level of blood groups and Lewis type epitopes.
fucose containing structures such as blood group ABO antigens and Lewis-type epitopes	decreased level	MUC5AC		Mucins				diagnostic	high-grade mucinous carcinomas			Humans	ovarian cyst fluids	Cyst Fluid	26075384	In contrast, this type of fucosylated structures were low abundant in the high-grade mucinous carcinomas or in serous carcinomas.
fucose containing structures such as blood group ABO antigens and Lewis-type epitopes	decreased level	MUC5AC		Mucins				diagnostic	serous carcinomas	Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous		Humans	ovarian cyst fluids	Cyst Fluid	26075384	In contrast, this type of fucosylated structures were low abundant in the high-grade mucinous carcinomas or in serous carcinomas.
N-glycans	altered level							response	hepatocarcinogenesis	Liver Neoplasms	ArtinM	Rats	phagocytic cells		27815471	ArtinM is a d-mannose-binding lectin found in the seeds of Artocarpus heterophyllus (jackfruit) that interacts with N-glycans, that is associated with receptors on the surface of phagocytic cells and induces the production of inflammatory mediators.
Galectin-1	increased level							prognostic	colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		human	colorectal adenocarcinoma	Adenocarcinoma	34006646	Finally, bioinformatic analysis of a colorectal adenocarcinoma from The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset revealed a particular signature characterized by high CD8+ Treg score and elevated Gal-1 expression, which delineates poor prognosis in human CRC.
sialyl-LeA (SLeA) antigens	unaltered level	SL-GP		Glycoproteins					colorectal cancer	Colorectal Neoplasms		Humans	ascites fluid	Ascites	9076523	Novel glycoproteins carrying sialyl-LeA (SLeA) antigens (SL-GP) were isolated from ascites fluid from a patient with colorectal cancer by immunoaffinity chromatography.
galectin-9	increased level								chronic HCV	Hepatitis C		Humans	serum|liver|Kupffer cells	|Kupffer Cells	20209097	Here, we demonstrate that galectin-9, the natural ligand for the T cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain protein 3 (Tim-3), circulates at very high levels in the serum and its hepatic expression (particularly on Kupffer cells) is significantly increased in patients with chronic HCV as compared to normal controls.
glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked molecules	decreased level	CD55|CD59		CD55 Antigens|CD59 Antigens				monitoring	paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria	Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal		Humans	platelets	Blood Platelets	8885138	In this study we measured two glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked molecules on platelets (CD55 and CD59) and two GPI-linked proteins on neutrophils (CD14 and CD16), comparing their expression on normal and PNH patients.
glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked molecules	decreased level	CD14|CD16		Antigens, CD				monitoring	paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria	Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal		Humans	neutrophils	Leukocytes	8885138	In this study we measured two glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked molecules on platelets (CD55 and CD59) and two GPI-linked proteins on neutrophils (CD14 and CD16), comparing their expression on normal and PNH patients.
sialyl-Tn	altered level							predictive	muscle-invasive bladder cancer	Urinary Bladder Neoplasms		Humans	circulating tumor cells	Neoplastic Cells, Circulating	28911924	To evaluate the potential of sialyl-Tn (STn), a cancer-associated glycan antigen present in membrane glycoproteins, to improve a recent molecular model for stratification and prognostication of advanced stage bladder tumors based on keratins (KRT14, 5, and 20) expression.
sialyl-Tn	altered level							predictive	metastasis			Humans	circulating tumor cells	Neoplastic Cells, Circulating	28911924	In addition, determine the association between STn and disease dissemination based on the evaluation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and the metastasis, which is a critical matter to improve patient management.
alpha-L-fucose	decreased level	CD44|CD15		Hyaluronan Receptors|Lewis X Antigen	alpha-L-fucosidase		alpha-L-Fucosidase	response	breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms	alpha-L-fucosidase treatment	human	breast cancer cell lines	Cell Line, Tumor	18553163	We first verified the effectiveness of the alpha-L-fase to specifically decrease the level of alpha-L-f on the cell surface of several human breast cancer cell lines and also examined the recovery time for these cells to repopulate their surfaces.
fucosylated biantennary sugar chain	increased level	alpha-fetoprotein		alpha-Fetoproteins				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		10355508	Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive species of AFP, AAT and TF in HCC were significantly higher than those in liver cirrhosis.
fucosylated biantennary sugar chain	increased level	alpha-1-antitrypsin		alpha 1-Antitrypsin				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		10355508	Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive species of AFP, AAT and TF in HCC were significantly higher than those in liver cirrhosis.
fucosylated biantennary sugar chain	increased level	transferrin		Transferrin				diagnostic	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		10355508	Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive species of AFP, AAT and TF in HCC were significantly higher than those in liver cirrhosis.
N-acetylneuraminyl|alpha-galactosyl|beta-galactosyl|N-acetylhexosaminyl sugars	loss of structure	Lactoferrin		Lactoferrin								Rat	hepatocytes	Liver	9204884	Exoglycosidases were used to remove terminally-exposed N-acetylneuraminyl, alpha- and beta-galactosyl, and N-acetylhexosaminyl sugars from human and bovine Lf glycans, and lectin blotting confirmed that glycosidase-treated Lfs lacked detectable terminal galactosyl sugars.
L-selectin ligand carbohydrates	increased ratio	MAdCAM-1		MADCAM1 protein, human	GlcNAc6ST-1		Sulfotransferases	diagnostic	ulcerative colitis	Colitis, Ulcerative		Humans	colonic mucosa		19067429	UC disease activity is not regulated by expression of MAdCAM-1 protein itself, but rather by GlcNAc6ST-1-mediated decoration of MAdCAM-1 protein with L-selectin ligand carbohydrates.
anti-chitobioside carbohydrate antibodies	unaltered level							diagnostic|monitoring	inflammatory bowel disease	Colitis, Ulcerative|Crohn Disease		Humans	serum		28661185	Baseline anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA), anti-chitobioside carbohydrate antibodies (ACCA), anti-laminaribioside carbohydrate antibodies (ALCA) and anti-mannobioside carbohydrate antibodies (AMCA) were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and perinuclear anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies (pANCA) was measured by indirect immunofluorescence in serum of 120 untreated IBD patients at diagnosis and 19 healthy controls.
anti-laminaribioside carbohydrate antibodies	unaltered level							diagnostic|monitoring	inflammatory bowel disease	Colitis, Ulcerative|Crohn Disease		Humans	serum		28661185	Baseline anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA), anti-chitobioside carbohydrate antibodies (ACCA), anti-laminaribioside carbohydrate antibodies (ALCA) and anti-mannobioside carbohydrate antibodies (AMCA) were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and perinuclear anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies (pANCA) was measured by indirect immunofluorescence in serum of 120 untreated IBD patients at diagnosis and 19 healthy controls.
anti-mannobioside carbohydrate antibodies	unaltered level							diagnostic|monitoring	inflammatory bowel disease	Colitis, Ulcerative|Crohn Disease		Humans	serum		28661185	Baseline anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA), anti-chitobioside carbohydrate antibodies (ACCA), anti-laminaribioside carbohydrate antibodies (ALCA) and anti-mannobioside carbohydrate antibodies (AMCA) were measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and perinuclear anti-neutrophilic cytoplasmic antibodies (pANCA) was measured by indirect immunofluorescence in serum of 120 untreated IBD patients at diagnosis and 19 healthy controls.
sialyl Lewis X	undetermined	P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1		Membrane Glycoproteins|P-selectin ligand protein					diseases associated with chemoattractants and their receptors		antiinflammatory compound	Staphylococcus aureus	leukocyte	Leukocyte Rolling|Neutrophils	18941109	Recently, we showed that SSL5 binds to P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 dependently of sialyl Lewis X and inhibits P-selectin-dependent neutrophil rolling.
glycosaminoglycan	undetermined								diseases associated with chemoattractants and their receptors		antiinflammatory compound	Staphylococcus aureus	leukocyte	Leukocyte Rolling|Neutrophils	18941109	Furthermore, SSL5 increased binding of chemokines to cells independent of chemokine receptors through their common glycosaminoglycan-binding site.
complex N-glycans	altered level				α-mannosidase I		alpha-Mannosidase		T-cell activation	Lymphocyte Activation		human|murine	naive CD4(+) T cells	CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes	21577142	Thus, complex N-glycans generated by enzymes such as α-mannosidase I inhibit the activation of naive T cells.
CA19.9	unaltered level	5B1		CA-19-9 Antigen				diagnostic	pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic Neoplasms		Human	BxPC3|MIAPaCa-2|Suit-2	Cell Line, Tumor|Cell Line, Tumor|Cell Line, Tumor	26668398	We report the development of PET, NIRF, and dual-modal (PET/NIRF) imaging agents, using 5B1, a fully human monoclonal antibody that targets CA19.9, a well-established pancreatic cancer biomarker.
galectin-1	decreased level			Galectin 1				prognostic|response	glioblastoma	Glioma	dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy	mouse	glioma microenvironment	Brain Neoplasms	23929302	We demonstrated that the absence of tumor-derived but not of host-derived galectin-1 significantly prolonged the survival of glioma-bearing mice as such and in combination with dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy.
glycosylation sites flanking the CD4bs	loss of structure	HIV Envelope Protein gp120		HIV Envelope Protein gp120				response	HIV Infections	HIV Infections	vaccination	Mice	B cells		32066595	Thus, using gp120-CD4i fusion proteins with selective glycan deletion as immunogens could focus Ab response toward CD4bs epitope.
O-glycan	altered level				GCNT1		N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases|beta-1,3-galactosyl-O-glycosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,6-acetylglucosaminyl transferase		breast cancer	Breast Neoplasms|Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental		mouse	tumor	Tumor Cells, Cultured	22454501	The tumorigenicity and invasive potential of the luminal-like cancer cells relied strongly on the expression of the gene GCNT1, which encodes a key glycosyltransferase controlling O-glycan branching.
Wisteria floribunda agglutinin positive Mac-2-binding protein	increased level	Mac-2-binding protein		LGALS3BP protein, human|TAA90K protein, human				predictive	liver fibrosis	Liver Cirrhosis	IFN-based therapy	Humans	serum		27435935	In patients treated with IFN-based therapy, M2BPGi levels were elevated at the end of treatment but decreased afterwards.
Wisteria floribunda agglutinin positive Mac-2-binding protein	decreased level	Mac-2-binding protein		LGALS3BP protein, human|TAA90K protein, human				predictive	liver fibrosis	Liver Cirrhosis	IFN-free therapy	Humans	serum		27435935	In contrast, M2BPGi levels in patients treated with IFN-free therapy decreased immediately after starting the treatment without transient elevation.
Wisteria floribunda agglutinin positive Mac-2-binding protein	increased level	Mac-2-binding protein		LGALS3BP protein, human|TAA90K protein, human				predictive	hepatocellular carcinoma	Carcinoma, Hepatocellular		Humans	serum		27435935	In multivariate analysis, non-SVR and HCC development were independent factors associated with M2BPGi level ≥2.2.
Man5-enriched N-glycans	increased level	HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein		env Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus				response	HIV Infections	HIV Infections	AIDS Vaccines	Humans	virions		31527908	Man5-enriched N-glycans provided additional synergy for neutralization.
N-glycans	loss of structure	anti-HER2		Antibodies, Monoclonal|Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized|Receptor, ErbB-2|Trastuzumab				response	breast cancer			mouse	xenograft	Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays	21487242	However, Pichia-produced material showed a 5-fold increase in binding affinity to FcγIIIA and significantly enhanced antibody dependant cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity, presumably due to the lack of fucose on N-glycans.
N-glycan	increased level				Golgi alpha-mannosidase II		Mannosidases|mannosyl-oligosaccharide 1,3 - 1,6-alpha-mannosidase	prognostic|diagnostic	clear cell renal cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Renal Cell|Kidney Neoplasms		Humans	renal tissue	Kidney Neoplasms	32403105	GM II expression in human ccRCC tissues was upregulated compared with that found in normal human renal tissue, and GM II may promote the progression and migration of ccRCC.
glycocalyx	increased level	glypican-1		Glypicans|GPC1 protein, human				prognostic	esophageal squamous cell carcinoma	Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma		Humans	plasma		39300946	Heparan sulfate proteoglycan glypican-1 (GPC1) is a core protein of the GCX that is overexpressed in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and is involved in the development and progression of cancer cells.
glycocalyx	increased level	glypican-1		Glypicans|GPC1 protein, human				prognostic	esophageal cancer	Esophageal Neoplasms		Humans	plasma		39300946	The purpose of the present study is to analyze the utility of GPC1 as a new biomarker ralated to glycocalyx that reflects therapeutic effect and prognosis of ESCC.
sialyl Lewis-X	unaltered level	GlyCAM-1|PSGL-1							inflammation			Humans	Neutrophils	Humans|Neutrophils	15996105	Soluble oligosaccharide mimetics of natural selectin ligands act as competitive inhibitors of leukocyte adhesion in models of inflammation.
core-2 structure	unaltered level	GlyCAM-1|PSGL-1							inflammation			Humans	Neutrophils	Humans|Neutrophils	15996105	Soluble oligosaccharide mimetics of natural selectin ligands act as competitive inhibitors of leukocyte adhesion in models of inflammation.
sialylated glycans	altered level	Glycodelin-A		Glycodelin				risk	unexplained infertility			human	peripheral blood CD16-CD56bright NK cells	Killer Cells, Natural	30597092	Aberrant GdA expression during pregnancy is associated with unexplained infertility, pregnancy loss and pre-eclampsia.
sialylated glycans	altered level	Glycodelin-A		Glycodelin				risk	pregnancy loss	Pregnancy		human	peripheral blood CD16-CD56bright NK cells	Killer Cells, Natural	30597092	Aberrant GdA expression during pregnancy is associated with unexplained infertility, pregnancy loss and pre-eclampsia.
sialylated glycans	altered level	Glycodelin-A		Glycodelin				risk	pre-eclampsia			human	peripheral blood CD16-CD56bright NK cells	Killer Cells, Natural	30597092	Aberrant GdA expression during pregnancy is associated with unexplained infertility, pregnancy loss and pre-eclampsia.
glycan or glycopeptide epitope	undetermined	HIV Envelope Protein gp41		HIV Envelope Protein gp41				response	HIV Infections	HIV Infections	antibody-based vaccines	human	macrophages|CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes	Macrophages|CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes	24307588	This mode of cell-to-cell transmission is broadly susceptible to the activity of CD4 binding site (CD4bs) and glycan or glycopeptide epitope-specific broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (bNMAbs) but shows resistance to bNMAbs targeting the Env gp41 subunit membrane-proximal external region (MPER).
O-glycan	altered level								MITF family translocation renal cell carcinoma	Carcinoma, Renal Cell|Kidney Neoplasms	immune checkpoint inhibitors	Humans		Humans	30591082	Resistant clones in a patient with exceptional response to ipilimumab showed loss of BRD8 mutations and increased mutational load driven by parallel evolution affecting 17 genes (median mutations per gene, 3), which were enriched mainly for O-glycan processing (29.4%, FDR = 9.7 × 10<sup>- 6</sup>).
glycoform of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus group 7 allergen (Der p 7)	altered level	Der p 7		Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus antigen p 7					Th2 immunity			Mouse|Human	bone marrow-derived dendritic cells|monocyte-derived DCs	Dendritic Cells|Leukocytes, Mononuclear	27343171	The aim of this study was to investigate the glycoform of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus group 7 allergen (Der p 7) and its functional interaction with dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN).
lacto-N-fucopentaose III	altered level								pro-inflammatory diseases		anti-inflammatory therapies	Mice	splenic dendritic cells	Dendritic Cells	19922421	The goal of this study was to determine if antigen-presenting cells (APCs) activated by the anti-inflammatory oligosaccharide, lacto-N-fucopentaose III (LNFPIII), would have an impaired ability to drive CD4(+) T helper (Th) or CD8(+) memory and effector T-cell responses.