Polarization Features of Vortex Fields and Twisted Light-Matter Interactions
Open Access DepositedThis thesis explores the complex polarization structure, particularly the po- larization singularities, in twisted light carrying orbital angular momentum. Despite significant progress has been made in studying the spatial structure of twisted light fields, detailed researches on their structures of polarization remain inadequately un- derstood. The objective of this work is to explore the polarization structures of twisted light and their role in twisted light-matter interaction.This work develops a mathematical framework for twisted light’s polarization structure. Unlike regular plane wave light, twisted light includes a non-negligible longitudinal component of the field. Polarization tensors rather than conventional Stokes parameters are proposed to fully describe the characteristics of twisted light polarization. This work extensively discusses about separation and the topological stability of polarization singularity, while also exploring the skyrmion structure of the polarization vector field. From the perspective of field theory, the existence of mas- sive quasiparticle in twisted light is qualitatively desmonstrated. At the microscopic level, the twisted-photon-atom interaction reveals position-dependent selection rules and the quantization of twisted photon field exhibits non-trivial multipole expansion. Based on the multipole expansion of twisted light and the new selection rules, the twisted light propagation in a medium with spatial dispersion is theoretically ana- lyzed . New modes, such as the two-dimensional hydrogen-like propagation mode, are found. Furthermore, ∆m = 2 transitions induced by Radio-frequency (RF) vortex field are found to be applicable in the experiment of ion-trapped qubits. The RF vortex field is shown to be a candidate to manipulate the quantum states of trapped ions. This work establishes a novel aspect of the polarization of twisted light, open- ing new avenues for future researches in areas corresponding to twisted light.
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