Assessing Critical Supply Chain Resilience Against Critical Infrastructure Disruptions: A Model-Based Systems Engineering Perspective
Open AccessCritical infrastructure is the set of systems and assets that are so important to a nation that their loss would have a crippling impact on security, economic stability, safety, and public health. (DHS 2013) Assessing the impact of natural disasters and manmade incidents against critical infrastructure systems is important and challenging. As critical infrastructure sectors become more interdependent, a method is needed to assess how a disruption to one sector affects other sectors. This research develops a methodology for identifying and documenting interdependency linkages between critical infrastructure sectors, systems, and supply chains that supports analysis, prediction, and mitigation of cascading critical infrastructure disruptions. The proposed critical infrastructure architecture framework informs the system modeling process to capture the relevant interactions between systems and supply chains allowing impacts affecting one critical infrastructure sector to transfer to another sector. Simulation of the system and supply chain models subjected to disruptions and external constraints quantifies the impact on the downstream systems, supply chains, and sectors. This approach enables researchers and public policy planners to assess critical infrastructure system and supply chain risks associated with current infrastructure implementations and to conduct what-if analyses on alternative solutions. The application of this methodology to assess the natural disaster impacts on an urban food supply system demonstrates the effectiveness of modeling and simulation for assessing the impacts of critical infrastructure disruptions on a wide range of critical infrastructure supply chains, systems, and sectors.
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