Examination of the "Implicitness" of the Anchored Measure of Conscientiousness
Open AccessOver the past two decades, there has been a growing interest in using measures of implicit personality for selection purposes. The enthusiasm stems from theoretical expectations that measures of implicit personality can add to the prediction of job performance provided by traditional, self-report personality measures as well as the belief that they are more resistant to faking. While there have been several attempts to develop measures of implicit personality, few have demonstrated incremental prediction in the criterion space and provided evidence that these measures are truly implicit. This document describes the development and validation of a new conscientiousness measure - the Anchored Preferential Personality Measure (APPM) - which is specifically designed to harness implicit biases and mitigate response distortions. Each APPM item presents two equally desirable statements that anchor the low and high ends of a six-point response option scale. This format is expected to create greater ambiguity when determining the most desirable response, leading examinees to respond on the basis of self-referent cognitive biases that occur largely at an unconscious level. The APPM was validated on a sample of 212 college students in honest and faking conditions. Results showed that the APPM was resistant to faking, significantly correlated with the NEO-IPIP composite measure of conscientiousness, and provided incrementally to the prediction of first-year grade point average (GPA). Evidence that the APPM captures implicit elements of personality was provided in accordance with a double dissociation model (Asendorpf, Banse, & Mucke, 2002), with explicit (self-report) measures adding incrementally to the APPM in the prediction of a more deliberate criteria, and the APPM adding incrementally to the prediction over the explicit personality measure for the spontaneous criteria. The implications and future direction for this research are discussed.
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