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Energy Storage Systems Architecture Optimization to Facilitate Full Penetration of Distributed Rooftop Photovoltaic Generation

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Renewable energy generation, including solar photovoltaics, will be an increasing part of the power supply to the utility grid. Due to the intermittent and variable nature of the power supply from photovoltaics, energy storage systems will need to be applied to the utility service grid to allow for deeper penetration of PV and other renewable generation. This study explores the magnitude of storage required for full penetration of rooftop solar photovoltaics under different deployment strategies, and develops a predictive model describing the relationship between the number of locations of storage on the grid and the total amount of storage required. Further, if storage will be required on the future grid, it should be architected in a way that optimizes other power distribution challenges such as grid resilience. This research simulates the ability of distributed rooftop photovoltaic generation to meet the energy needs of an entire utility grid service area, models the optimal architecture of the required energy storage systems, and explores the emergent properties of combinations of storage architectures.

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