Assessing Power Grid Resilience to Electromagnetic Weapons of Massive Destruction
Open AccessNowadays, the power grid is becoming more efficient and intelligent. Internet technology and many electronic components composed of automation equipment is used in the power grid. However, with the increasing complexity of the power grid system, the power grid's vulnerability is also increasing. As the most significant and most interconnected infrastructure, the power grid is highly vulnerable to damage from both nature and human beings. The power system is a vast system not only in scale but also in regional span. Minor disturbance and destruction will not cause severe consequences to the whole dynamic stability. However, it is not that there are no means of striking a wide area of the power grid, and a nuclear electromagnetic pulse is an important one. Because of how the nuclear EMP is generated, the electrical and electronic equipment in the power grid exposed to the earth’s surface will be subjected to the impact of the nuclear EMP. Moreover, the attack of a nuclear electromagnetic pulse on power grid equipment is likely to be devastating, so it is necessary to formulate a reasonable power grid flexibility strategy for nuclear electromagnetic pulse.This thesis first focuses on the causes of nuclear EMP and the characteristics of its pulse waveform and introduces some existing protective measures against electrical equipment in the power grid. Then CST studio is used to simulate the electromagnetic pulse of the transformer and analyze its fault characteristics, and the harmonic components of the transformer were analyzed by using the saturation transformer inrush current model. The 30 bus system is used to simulate the electromagnetic pulse of the whole power grid and analyze the fault causes of the power grid through the power flow and electromagnetic induction current. Finally, a feasible resilience strategy is proposed based on the above fault analysis results.
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