A Smart Gas Monitoring System Based on Two-dimensional Material Sensing Device
Open Access DepositedAs the development of today's industry, air pollution becomes a worldwide problem which has a negative impact on human health. Gases like Carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), methane (CH4), and ammonia (NH3) are all types of air pollution. Due to their potential to induce respiratory and cardiovascular issues, these gases are hazardous to both the environment and human health. Driven by tremendous increasing demand for smart, sensitive, low-cost, reliable, and working at room temperature gas monitoring system, many kinds of gas sensing devices are gaining attraction for both academia and industry. Traditional chemiresistor type sensors are based on metal oxide film. These sensors typically have high sensitivity to gases, but they are difficult to handle and need a high operating temperature. With time, two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC)-based chemiresistor type gas sensors have become increasingly important for spotting explosive, flammable, and poisonous gases in indoor and outdoor environments. This dissertation presents a smart gas monitoring system which uses 2D material as a gas sensing device. The studies on the synthesis and identification method for 2D material are first presented in this dissertation. Then the electronic, optical, and mechanical properties and the gas sensing mechanism of the 2D TMDC material are also reviewed. Since the gas sensing performance of the 2D material is sensitive to temperature, we also built a very sensitive temperature sensor based on surface acoustic wave device and used this device during the experiment. We fabricated a large MoS2 nanosheet on a silicon wafer using PDMS-assisted synthesis method and characterized the electronic property and tested the gas sensing performance at low concentration NO2 gas. This sensing device exhibited very high sensitivity and selectivity towards NO2. Then we investigated the layer-dependent gas sensing behavior of WS2 and found that the WS2 gas sensor's response to gases is notably affected by both its layer configuration and the temperature. The 4-layer sensor at 50°C demonstrates the strongest reaction to the gas introduction, indicating maximum sensitivity in this setup. Furthermore, the development of our gas monitoring system, which efficiently integrates WS2 sensors and cloud technology, paves the way for smart, reliable, and cost-effective sensing solutions. Such advancements are not only vital for monitoring harmful pollutants and ensuring public health but also hold promise for a lot of applications across various industries.
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