Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Adverse Reproductive Health Endpoints
Open Access DepositedThree discrete studies were completed. The first study was a case-control study of midwestern women highly exposed to GLY and its metabolites. The second was a longitudinal birth cohort and adult cross-sectional cohort of Faroese men highly exposed to PFAS, PCBs, and DDE analyzed via a series of mixture analyses. The third was a series of negative binomial, quasi-binomial, and logistic regression models completed again in a cohort of Faroese men with varying levels of sex-chromosome disomy to better understand the association between exposure to XX, XY, and YY disomy and the later development of abnormal semen parameters. Results
Exposure to EDCs in the populations studied above is associated with abnormalities in semen parameters and the development of GDM in women with elevated BMI. Men with elevated levels of sex-chromosome disomy, a condition associated with EDCs, are more likely to experience abnormalities in semen parameters. Further research is needed to better understand these trends.
This compilation of studies demonstrates several primary findings. In women who suffer from elevated BMI pre-pregnancy, exposure to glyphosate may act as a catalyst for the development of gestational diabetes mellitus. Male infants exposed in-utero to a mixture of POPs may have an increased risk of abnormal sperm motility in adulthood. Similarly, men exposed to PFAS in adulthood have a higher risk of developing abnormal sperm motility in adulthood. Men who are exposed to XY disomy are more likely to develop alterations in both sperm concentration and progressive motility, potentially impacting future generations as well as their present fertility. Conclusion
Abstract Background
Alterations in semen parameters and declining fertility rates have been reported in multiple studies. Concerning trends in pregnancy have also been reported, with the United States demonstrating an overall rise in severe maternal morbidity and overall complications of pregnancy. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have been associated with many adverse reproductive health outcomes. Glyphosate (GLY), per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS groups), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB groups) and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), are chemicals of concern that are suspected to disrupt the male and female endocrine systems. This dissertation studies the associations between the above chemical groups and abnormalities across semen parameters and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus, and then analyzes the risk of experiencing abnormalities in semen parameters in men with elevated levels of sex-chromosome disomy. Methods
- All rights reserved
Notice to Authors
If you are the author of this work and you have any questions about the information on this page, please use the Contact form to get in touch with us.