A central aspect of human behavior is that people are constantly extracting regularities from their environment, and using those regularities to guide subsequent behavior in order to be more efficient. While in many cases this adaptability is advantageous, the automaticity of the process can lead...
The Copepoda is a diverse, monophyletic group of 14,194 species of small crustaceans that have colonized virtually all major aquatic habitat types around the world and have evolved to be parasitic on multiple occasions. The dominance of copepods in the largest habitat on earth, the open ocean...
TheSwift/X-Ray Telescope Deep Galactic Plane Survey (DGPS) is an ongoing 1.83 Ms effort to establish the transient population in the inner Scutum and Norma arms of the Milky Way (10 deg.<|l|<30 deg.,|b|<0.5 deg.) in the 0.3−10.0 keV range. Our goal is to find and classify new sources, such as...
This dissertation examines bureaucratic responsiveness in municipal services in Karnataka, India. It specifically asks: under what circumstances are bureaucrats more likely to be responsive to citizens in urban India? Drawing on public administration and international development literature, I...
The dissertation consists of three essays that collectively evaluate how science has been used in climate change litigation in the United States from 1990 to 2018. The research objective is to conduct empirical assessments to find how science affects judicial decisions in climate change lawsuits....
Abstract of DissertationSuicidal Behaviors in African American Military Personnel: A Test of the Interpersonal Psychological Theory of Suicide This study aims to test several of the main predictions of the Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicide (IPTS) in relation to suicidal ideation and...
Dissertation AbstractIn the past two decades, there has been an unprecedented rise in outward investment from developing countries into developed markets. While existing theories predict that multinational activity should flow from capital-rich countries to capital-scarce countries in search of...
Two frameworks commonly used to understand physical activity (PA) are the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) and Self-Determination Theory (SDT). TTM describes that individuals in the later stages of change report greater PA compared to those in the earlier stages. According to SDT, there are two...
Despite accumulating evidence supporting a role for glycosylation in cancer progression and prognosis, the complexity of the human glycome and study thereof poses many challenges to gaining a comprehensive understanding of glycosylation-related events in cancer. In this study, a multifaceted...
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes substantial morbidity in children and the elderly, with no vaccine available. A vaccine eliciting a substantial and sustainable boost in neutralizing antibodies is likely required to provide protection in at-risk populations. The fusion (F) glycoprotein is...
This bundled dissertation seeks to fill a gap in the current literature around callous-unemotional behaviors (CU) in early childhood. Three models of personality and psychopathology were tested through a behavioral genetic lens. Firstly, theory of mind use (Nice and Nasty), emotion regulation,...
The availability of antiretroviral therapy has resulted in persons with HIV (PWH) living longer. Clinical care for PWH now involves treatment for noncommunicable diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Discovering the optimal management of DM and ways to achieve it are necessary to...
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are enzymes that catalyze the removal of acetylation from lysine residues of their substrates, the effect of which is to regulate a range of cellular processes, including gene transcription, cell cycle regulation, migration, and DNA damage repair, among others....
The entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis bacteriophora is uniquely positioned to serve as a model for understanding the genetic basis of parasitism. Its close relationship to the model organism C. elegans provides a strong framework for interpreting genetic information and free-living...
Costimulation signal plays a central role in regulating immune response and tissue homeostasis. Negative costimulation signal delivers suppressing effects on immune cell activation and function. As a salient example, PD-1/PD-L1 mediated signaling pathway dampens T cell effector, cytotoxic...
Licensure requirements for school counselors vary across the United States. Some states require school counselors to have prior teaching experience before they are eligible for licensure. With the limited literature, it is currently unknown if this requirement is needed for successful school...
Unlike most fish and mammals that utilize Body and/or Caudal Fin (BCF) swimming, California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) rely on their pectoral flippers to generate thrust. Thrust production is achieved by moving these foreflippers from high above its head and against its abdomen, a motion...
Background: As a major nutrition-related disease, the association between Type 2 diabetes and diet has been examined extensively using the dietary pattern approach. Previous studies identified dietary patterns (also referred to as dietary factors) on the food group- or the nutrient-level using...
Emotions can be defined as a natural, instinctive state of mind arising from one’scircumstances, mood, and relationships with others. It has long been a question to be
answered by psychology that how and what is it that humans feel. Enabling computers to
recognize human emotions has been an of...
In recent years, new regulatory guidance has spurred organizations to replace hazardous chemicals with safer alternatives. The factors and influences that shape decisions to transition to safer chemicals are of interest to decision scientists. Previous studies have examined the role that various...