Software testing is the most expensive and time-consuming aspect of software development. It is estimated that as much as 50% of development time and money is devoted to various forms of testing (Ramler, 2006). Therefore, it is crucial that all testing conducted must be performed efficiently,...
The lack of Knowledge Management (KM) during a transition of a Service Request (SR) statement of work (SOW) responsibility between organizations negatively impacts the on-time response performance to customer service requests, contributing to budget overrun. The utilization of Knowledge Capture...
The National Security Strategy through the National Defense Strategy highlights the need for the United States Air Force to provide an aircraft fleet that is ready to respond to the Nation’s needs. The KC-135R Stratotanker is a multifunction slim body aircraft that provides air refueling and...
Organizations continually seek to leverage new and innovative ways to increase the likelihood of software project success. The meaning of project success varies widely across literature, yet most definitions declare a project successful if it delivers within budget, on time, with acceptable...
According to Parasuraman et al. (2000), automation is achieved when “a device or system accomplishes (partially or fully) a function that was previously, or that conceivably could be, carried out (partially or fully) by a human operator.” Thus, an increase in production rate, a reduction in flow...
The FDA, the MHRA, and other regulatory authorities recommend that during the development process of a device, manufacturers should aim to understand the use errors of comparable devices to the ones of interest. Knowing the probability and severity of use errors for similar products, they can be...
The most expensive project in human history is the International Space Station (ISS); it has reached $160+ billions in total expenses. Currently, the lifespan of the ISS has been exceeded, and the spacecraft operations is projected for a minimum of 10 years. However, due to its aging technology,...
Despite having risk management instructions and an official guidebook, risk assessments and analysis still lack the sufficient technical rigor when applying these processes to research and development projects within the Department of Defense (DoD). The risk analysis phase often suffers from...
The common objective of Incubation or Entrepreneurship Programs (IEPs) is to facilitate the entrepreneurial process by meeting the needs of client enterprises and supporting their development. Organizations sponsoring and managing IEPs include a variety of entities that may be public or private,...
Although corporations collect project information such as performance indicators, they tend to use this information only to estimate the cost of future projects rather than as a way of predicting potential project failures. By not using performance indicators from prior projects to predict future...
Health systems and regulatory bodies continuously attempt to reduce costs and eliminate waste to improve the way healthcare is delivered. Quality of care has become the key principle driving change and healthcare outcomes. As the healthcare industry transitions to value-based reimbursement models...
Billions of dollars are spent by government organizations to accomplish their mission. Organizations are faced with the increased growth of complex software systems to handle higher velocity, volume, and variety of data captured at higher speeds to achieve mission goals. Software and hardware...
Rare events in healthcare can pose a challenging issue for quality practitioners, particularly in deciding how to monitor them with control charts. There are many examples of rare events data in healthcare settings including medication errors, patient falls, birth traumas, surgical site...
Over the last two decades, assessments of major defense acquisition systems consistently cite program management office (PMO) effectiveness as a key factor for successfully producing weapon systems. Studies conducted across government, industry, and academia attribute PMO effectiveness to ideal...
The ease with which members of a community can access health care services is a key factor in determining the general health status of their bigger community as a whole. According to the 2018 National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (NCCDPHP), healthy equity is achieved...
The Systems Engineering community spends considerable effort developingsystem specifications during the design phase. Yet during the operational and supportphase, there is a potential degradation of those specifications in the form of delayed,missed, or insufficient maintenance (i.e., maintenance...
Some of the U.S. Stock Market trading firms (Firms) have Day Traders (Traders) that use several proprietary strategies that are based on passive - aggressive trading styles. The Traders are classified/grouped, based on their most recent trading profit results, to utilize the proprietary trading...
An Easy-to-Implement Model to Determine the Percentage of Wake Energy from a Vessel Reaching the Shoreline Across the country, cities are considering implementing or have implemented ferry service as a method of transportation. According to the U.S. Department of Transportation, there were...
The majority of steel manufacturers within the United States have employed electric arc furnaces (EAFs), which melt raw materials, for the production of steel. The raw material used in EAFs is referred to as steel, or ferrous, scrap. There are many different grades of ferrous scrap, which are...
Forecasting of resource utilization in large cloud computing systems is essential to maintain high-quality service and fulfill service level agreements to ensure cost-effectiveness and profitability. Accurately forecasting long-term resource utilization can be challenging, as it is dynamic and...
This research study presents the concept of DevOps (or development and operations) performance clusters to measure DevOps teams performance, based on three metrics, two agility metrics (delivery lead time and deployment frequency) and a stability metric (mean time to recover). It uses a...
In the package delivery industry, competitive advantage is changing with the evolution of customer expectation. The United States Postal Service (USPS) started with the delivery of letters, but had to restructure its company when the mailing of letters began to decrease, while simultaneously the...
Abstract of PraxisGeneral Aviation Accident Modeling and Causal Determination: Pilot Loss of Aircraft Control General Aviation (GA), a subset of the aviation industry, is currently facing a crisis of pilots losing control aircraft while inflight. The crisis is significant enough to warrant a...
The US Air Force (USAF)’s goal is to achieve aircraft availability (AA) rates similar to those of the commercial airline industry. Improving AA rates while reducing operations and maintenance (O&M;) costs is a major challenge for the USAF. This Praxis research identifies field-level components...
The information technology infrastructure library (ITIL) framework is widely used to manage the strategy, design, transition, operation, and continual improvement of IT services. While the ITIL framework itself has undergone numerous revisions and refinements, successfully managing ITIL...
In e-retail industry, online Word-of-Mouth (e-WOM) includes vast amounts of text-reviews and star-ratings of products. Such valuable information does not only help consumers, by enabling informed purchasing decisions, but also benefits businesses and engineering professionals, who are involved in...
For decades, the United States (U.S.) Department of Defense (DoD) has developed, deployed, and operated hundreds of different types of systems as components of systems-of-systems. Achieving and maintaining joint systems-of-systems interoperability as new systems are added is a constant problem....
An engineering change (EC) is an alteration made to a system that has beenreleased following a system design process. EC propagation is a series of ECs occurringdue to dependencies among components of a product. ECs can consume up to 50% of theoverall engineering efforts during development of a...
The African continent holds 17% of the population in the world and maintains several infrastructures and investments with average returns of 18% to 22% yet, the low Information and Communication Technology (ICT) such as the 4G Long Term Evolution (LTE) across the African countries continue to...
When it comes to decision making, traditional methods point towards analyzing data and facts and assembling conclusions based on them. However, with the increasing abundance of information, there are challenges and restrictions for time commitment, determining the relevance of obtained...
Uncertainty arising from immature technology is a major cause of programmatic risk. Programs continue to have poor results in terms of cost and schedule performance. This research seeks to improve program performance during the system development phase by better understanding the risks of...
Current management and technical structures of the electric power system in Togo have shown their limits. Togo continues to suffer from limited access to electric power and endemic electric power shortages resulting in the slow-down of the country’s socio-economic development. For over 43 years,...
The problem of forecasting emerging technologies (FET) has attracted the attention of researchers in the patent-analysis community because it provides a starting point for organizations to introduce radical technology change or a new product or engage in a merger and acquisition. Many FET methods...
If you were to ask any software development manager if quality is an essential attribute for delivering a project on time and within budget, they would emphatically answer "yes". If you were to ask these same managers if they incorporated existing quality metrics into their baselining and...
Many federal government agencies and commercial industries are utilizing multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) methods such as Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Simple Additive Weighting (SAW), Analytic Network Process (ANP), and The Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal...
Cybersecurity is the foundation of technology that determines the resilience and protections of operations throughout the world. With the increase of innovation, the requirements for cybersecurity authorization and governance increases to mitigate the potential threats for malicious activities....
Oil and Gas Exploration and Production (E&P;) projects routinely experience cost overruns and delays, with about 64% of new projects exceeding their budgets and almost 75% completed behind schedule partly as a result of non-optimal project designs1. Owing to the highly complex and heterogeneous...
Ambulance response time is a paramount factor contributing to patient outcomes of critical medical emergencies, particularly cardiac emergencies. In Ventura County, California, we established that over an 11-year period there was no significant difference in ambulance response time between...
Until 2018, there were no guidelines for the sequencing of operations in common heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. In that year, American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) published Guideline 36, which provides a uniform set of...
This praxis develops a comprehensive performance measuring model to help government policy makers in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries identify and evaluate their performance in online outsourcing (OO). After assessing different efficiency measurement methods, data envelopment analysis (DEA)...
The last thirty years have seen multiple DoD acquisition programs with significant cost and schedule overruns. This paper posits that the primary driver of schedule overruns is the difficulty of “inventing on a schedule” by undertaking risky technology development efforts within a Major Defense...
Electronic waste (e-waste) is a growing economic opportunity for informal recycling operations in developing countries, while it is a major health and environmental concern for the developed world. Currently, only 25% of gold in e- waste is recovered successfully through informal recycling...
The federal government currently collects information for the Information Technology (IT) Projects in which it invests, but it does not apply this information to more accurately predict the performance of these projects. As a result, project managers within the federal government are not...
Contract chemical manufacturers spend resources on development trials that have errors due to incomplete knowledge transfer from the customer. These errors waste engineering resources and can result in lost business. A technology transfer program was proposed as a solution to reduce the number of...
Many commercial and defense product development programs are large-scale, complex, and contain significant innovation. Such programs often suffer cost and schedule over-runs. The goal of this work is to increase the production rate of well-ordered precedence networks for complex, large-scale...
Valve Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) in the United States are facing increasing pressure to offer products capable of competing with other local and low-cost country industry players, forcing them to continuously lower prices and shorten delivery dates. At the same time, operations and...
Electricity has become an invaluable commodity for the rest of humanity such that nations irrespective of their classification in the world economy will find it difficult to function without it’s reliable supply. For nations such as the United States and the rest of the developed world,...
Although the traditional intrusion detection problem has been well studied with the release of the KDD’99 and NSL-KDD datasets, recent intrusion detection has expanded to include wireless 802.11 networks and Industrial Control Systems & Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (ICS/SCADA)...
This praxis studies the effects on organizations of replacing US knowledge workers with artificial intelligence software (automation) and enhancing US knowledge workers with artificial intelligence software (augmentation). The effects on organizational innovation, resistance, and return on...
Typical defense acquisition programs take nearly eight years to go from program start to an initial operating capability. Such long schedule durations risk having a future situation where operational forces are composed largely of aged or obsolete systems when not enough new operational systems...